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Afenu E, Chan G, McPherson V, Andrews M, Gotto G, Rapaport D, Campbell J, Welk B. Differences in remuneration for urologic services across provinces in Canada. Can Urol Assoc J 2024; 18:68-71. [PMID: 37931283 PMCID: PMC10841557 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.8568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
NA (research letter)
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Affiliation(s)
- Edem Afenu
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Garson Chan
- Division of Urology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Victor McPherson
- Department of Urology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Geoffrey Gotto
- Departments of Surgery and Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Daniel Rapaport
- Mertrovan Urology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jeff Campbell
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Blayne Welk
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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2
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Okoro T, Landgren M, Afenu E, Russow G, Wulsten D, Heyland M. Há diferença na força de compressão interfragmentar entre parafusos com rosca total ou parcial? Resultados de um estudo biomecânico experimental piloto. Rev Bras Ortop 2022; 58:231-239. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1750828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo
Objetivo Este estudo avaliou diferenças entre parafusos com rosca total ou parcial na resistência à compressão interfragmentar inicial. Nossa hipótese era de que haveria maior perda de resistência à compressão inicial com o parafuso de rosca parcial.
Métodos Uma linha de fratura oblíqua de 45 graus foi criada em amostras de osso artificial. O primeiro grupo (TOTAL, n = 6) foi fixado com um parafuso de 3,5 mm de rosca total, enquanto o segundo grupo (PARCIAL, n = 6) usou um parafuso de 3,5 mm de rosca parcial. Avaliamos a rigidez à torção em ambas as direções de rotação. Os grupos foram comparados com base nos seguintes parâmetros biomecânicos: momento de rigidez-ângulo, momento de rigidez-tempo, momento de torção máxima (carga de falha) e força de compressão calibrada com base na medida do sensor de pressão.
Resultados Depois da perda de uma amostra PARCIAL, não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas na força de compressão calibrada entre os 2 grupos [mediana (intervalo interquartil)]: TOTAL: 112,6 (10,5) N e PARCIAL: 106,9 (7,1) N, com p = 0,8 segundo o teste U de Mann-Whitney). Além disso, após a exclusão de 3 amostras para testes mecânicos (TOTAL, n = 5, PARCIAL, n = 4), não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os construtos TOTAL e PARCIAL quanto ao momento de rigidez-ângulo, momento de rigidez-tempo ou momento de torção máxima (carga de falha).
Conclusão Não há diferença aparente na força de compressão inicial (força de compressão ou rigidez do construto ou carga de falha) com o uso de parafusos de rosca total ou parcial neste modelo biomecânico em osso artificial de alta densidade. Parafusos de rosca total podem, portanto, ser mais úteis no tratamento de fraturas diafisárias. Mais pesquisas são necessárias sobre o impacto em modelos ósseos osteoporóticos ou metafisários de menor densidade e avaliação do significado clínico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tosan Okoro
- Departamento de Artroplastia, The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Gobowen, Oswestry SY10 7AG, Reino Unido
| | - Marcus Landgren
- Departamento de Cirurgia Ortopédica, Unidade de Cirurgia de Mão, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Gentofte, Dinamarca
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Dinamarca
| | - Edem Afenu
- University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, 1 Kings College Circle, Toronto M4Y 2V6, Ontario, Canadá
| | - Gabriele Russow
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Centre for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlim, Alemanha
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlim, Alemanha
| | - Dag Wulsten
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlim, Alemanha
| | - Mark Heyland
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlim, Alemanha
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Anwari V, Ng WCK, Mbadjeu Hondjeu AR, Xiao Z, Afenu E, Trac J, Kazlovich K, Hiansen J, Mashari A. Development, manufacturing, and preliminary validation of a reusable half-face respirator during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247575. [PMID: 33730106 PMCID: PMC7968700 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has led to widespread shortages of N95 respirators and other personal protective equipment (PPE). An effective, reusable, locally-manufactured respirator can mitigate this problem. We describe the development, manufacture, and preliminary testing of an open-hardware-licensed device, the “simple silicone mask” (SSM). Methods A multidisciplinary team developed a reusable silicone half facepiece respirator over 9 prototype iterations. The manufacturing process consisted of 3D printing and silicone casting. Prototypes were assessed for comfort and breathability. Filtration was assessed by user seal checks and quantitative fit-testing according to CSA Z94.4–18. Results The respirator originally included a cartridge for holding filter material; this was modified to connect to standard heat-moisture exchange (HME) filters (N95 or greater) after the cartridge showed poor filtration performance due to flow acceleration around the filter edges, which was exacerbated by high filter resistance. All 8 HME-based iterations provided an adequate seal by user seal checks and achieved a pass rate of 87.5% (N = 8) on quantitative testing, with all failures occurring in the first iteration. The overall median fit-factor was 1662 (100 = pass). Estimated unit cost for a production run of 1000 using distributed manufacturing techniques is CAD $15 in materials and 20 minutes of labor. Conclusion Small-scale manufacturing of an effective, reusable N95 respirator during a pandemic is feasible and cost-effective. Required quantities of reusables are more predictable and less vulnerable to supply chain disruption than disposables. With further evaluation, such devices may be an alternative to disposable respirators during public health emergencies. The respirator described above is an investigational device and requires further evaluation and regulatory requirements before clinical deployment. The authors and affiliates do not endorse the use of this device at present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Anwari
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Lynn and Arnold Irwin Advanced Perioperative Imaging Lab, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - William C. K. Ng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Arnaud Romeo Mbadjeu Hondjeu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zixuan Xiao
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Edem Afenu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Trac
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kate Kazlovich
- The Lynn and Arnold Irwin Advanced Perioperative Imaging Lab, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joshua Hiansen
- The Lynn and Arnold Irwin Advanced Perioperative Imaging Lab, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Azad Mashari
- The Lynn and Arnold Irwin Advanced Perioperative Imaging Lab, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Zhang PC, Ahmed Y, Hussein IM, Afenu E, Feasson M, Daud A. Optimization of community-led 3D printing for the production of protective face shields. 3D Print Med 2020; 6:35. [PMID: 33230665 PMCID: PMC7682762 DOI: 10.1186/s41205-020-00089-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As the healthcare system faced an acute shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) during the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of 3D printing technologies became an innovative method of increasing production capacity to meet this acute need. Due to the emergence of a large number of 3D printed face shield designs and community-led PPE printing initiatives, this case study examines the methods and design best optimized for community printers who may not have the resources or experience to conduct such a thorough analysis. Case presentation We present the optimization of the production of 3D printed face shields by community 3D printers, as part of an initiative aimed at producing PPE for healthcare workers. The face shield frames were manufactured using the 3DVerkstan design and were coupled with an acetate sheet to assemble a complete face shield. Rigorous quality assurance and decontamination protocols ensured community-printed PPE was satisfactory for healthcare use. Conclusion Additive manufacturing is a promising method of producing adequate face shields for frontline health workers because of its versatility and quick up-start time. The optimization of stacking and sanitization protocols allowed 3D printing to feasibly supplement formal public health responses in the face of a global pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Chengming Zhang
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yousuf Ahmed
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Isra M Hussein
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edem Afenu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manon Feasson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anser Daud
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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