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Rosário NSA, do Santos GSE, Batista AL, de Assis AD, Nórte CE, Mocaiber I, Volchan E, Pereira GS, Pereira MG, de Oliveira L, Meireles AL, Bearzoti E, Souza GGL. Exploring the effects of COVID-19-related traumatic events on the mental health of university students in Brazil: A cross-sectional investigation. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 247:104300. [PMID: 38733745 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
University students are vulnerable to mental health issues during their academic lives. During the COVID-19 pandemic, university students faced mental distress due to lockdowns and the transition to e-learning. However, it is not known whether these students were also affected specifically by COVID-19-related traumatic events. This study examined the impact of COVID-19-related traumatic events on 2277 university students from two federal institutions of higher education in Brazil. The university students completed an online questionnaire covering demographics, lifestyle habits, health characteristics, COVID-19-related traumatic events, and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. The results showed that an increased intensity of COVID-19-related traumatic events was positively associated with stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, and each specific type of event was associated with these symptoms. In addition, we found a negative association between these symptoms and male sex and age and a positive association with having or having had a history of cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, or mental disorders or another disease diagnosed by a physician. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the heightened risk of mental health issues in university students in the face of COVID-19-related traumatic events. Women, young people and people who have or have had a history of disease were the most vulnerable to mental health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nacha Samadi Andrade Rosário
- Psychophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil
| | - Gabriel Soares Emiliano do Santos
- Psychophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Batista
- Psychophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil
| | - Aisllan Diego de Assis
- School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Mental and Public Health, Federal University of Ouro Preto (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Nórte
- Department of Cognition and Development, Institute of Psychology, Rio de Janeiro State University (Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
| | - Izabela Mocaiber
- Department of Natural Sciences, Institute of Humanities and Health, Fluminense Federal University (Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF), Rio das Ostras, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eliane Volchan
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Grace Schenatto Pereira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mirtes Garcia Pereira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University (Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Letícia de Oliveira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University (Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriana Lúcia Meireles
- Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bearzoti
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Ouro Preto (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Guerra Leal Souza
- Psychophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil.
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de Souza PM, Mota BEF, de Resende HDP, Fernandes O, Sanchez TA, Volchan E, Bearzoti E, Souza GGL. Impact of Loneliness on Training Gains with Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback in the Elderly: A Pilot Study. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2024:10.1007/s10484-024-09623-8. [PMID: 38453731 DOI: 10.1007/s10484-024-09623-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The negative impact of loneliness on the health of the elderly is particularly noticeable because of the effects of central control on the autonomic nervous system. Such an impact can be assessed through heart rate variability (HRV) analysis and can be modified using HRV biofeedback training. This study aimed to investigate the impact of different levels of social interaction reported by the elderly on HRV before and after training with HRV biofeedback and after a follow-up period. The participants of this pilot study comprised 16 elderly people of both sexes with a mean age of 71.20 ± 4.92 years. The participants were divided into two groups, the loneliness group (N = 8) and the no-loneliness group (N = 8), based on a combination of both criteria: the institutionalization condition (institutionalized or not) and the score on the loneliness scale (high or low). All participants had their HRV components recorded at baseline, after 14 training sessions with HRV biofeedback (three times a week, 15 min each for 4.5 weeks), and after 4.5 weeks of follow-up without training. After HRV biofeedback training, HRV components increased in both groups. However, the gains lasted at follow-up only in the no-loneliness group. In conclusion, loneliness can influence the maintenance of HRV after interruption of training with HRV biofeedback in the elderly. HRV biofeedback training can be an innovative and effective tool for complementary treatment of elderly individuals, but its effects on lonely elderly individuals need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perciliany Martins de Souza
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Bruna Eugênia Ferreira Mota
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Graduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Orlando Fernandes
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Behavior, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal Fluminense University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tiago Arruda Sanchez
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Psychophysiology, Department of Radiology, Medical School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliane Volchan
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bearzoti
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Guerra Leal Souza
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
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Lacerda KCD, Souza FCDO, Araújo CRV, Mota BEF, Muñoz PMG, Berger W, Vilete L, Bearzoti E, Guerra Leal Souza G. High depressive symptomatology reduces emotional reactions to pictures of social interaction. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1266. [PMID: 38219004 PMCID: PMC10787838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51813-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Individuals with severe depressive symptoms present diminished facial expressions compared to healthy individuals. This reduced facial expression, which occurs in most depressive patients could impair social relationships. The current study sought to investigate whether pictures with social interaction cues could elicit different modulations of facial expressions and mood states in individuals with depressive symptoms compared to healthy individuals. A total of 85 individuals were divided into depressive and non-depressive groups based on their beck depression inventory scores. Participants viewed pictures containing neutral (objects), affiliative (people interacting socially), and control (people not interacting) scenes. Electromyographic signals were collected during the entire period of visualization of the blocks, and emotional questionnaires were evaluated after each block to assess sociability and altruism (prosocial states). In non-depressed individuals, affiliative pictures increased the activity of the zygomatic muscle compared to both neutral and control pictures and reduced fear of rejection compared to neutral pictures. During the visualization of the affiliative block, zygomatic major muscle activation was higher and fear of rejection was lower in the non-depressive individuals than in the depressive. These effects reflected the low expressions of smiling and sociability to affiliative pictures in depressive individuals. These findings highlight the importance of smiling and prosocial states in social interactions, especially in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kíssyla Christine Duarte Lacerda
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, 35400000, Brazil
| | | | - Cassia Regina Vieira Araújo
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, 35400000, Brazil
| | - Bruna Eugênia Ferreira Mota
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, 35400000, Brazil
- School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, 35400000, Brazil
| | | | - Willian Berger
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-140, Brazil
| | - Liliane Vilete
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-140, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bearzoti
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, 35400000, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Guerra Leal Souza
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, 35400000, Brazil.
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Souza ALL, de Souza PM, Mota BEF, Xavier CLF, Santiago FG, Oliveira JS, Borges SA, Bearzoti E, Gama EF, Souza GGL. Ghost Fat: Altered Female Body Perception After Bariatric Surgery. Percept Mot Skills 2023; 130:301-316. [PMID: 36306740 DOI: 10.1177/00315125221133868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Body perception is an individual's ability to recognize their body in attitudinal and/or dimensional aspects. We investigated women's body perceptions before and after bariatric surgery. Participants were 31 women (M age = 36.23, SD = 7.95 years old) with an average pre-operative body mass index of 44.58 (SD = 4.65) kg/m2. We collected anthropometric and body perception measures (attitudinal body image [ABI] and dimensional body image [DBI]) before bariatric surgery and 30, 60, 90, and 120 days after it. There was an average decrease of 21.09% in participants' body weight over the 120 days. Regarding ABI, 51.61% of participants had high body dissatisfaction before surgery, and this proportion of dissatisfied participants decreased to 3.23% 120 days after surgery. We observed no statistically significant differences in DBI perceptions. Fast weight loss caused by bariatric surgery appeared to generate a perception of ghost fat. Somatosensory interventions and/or a longer follow-up are needed to alter this persistent distortion of body dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Luiz L Souza
- 544235Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Northern Minas Gerais, Pirapora, MG, Brazil.,Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Biological Sciences, 28115Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Perciliany M de Souza
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Biological Sciences, 28115Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruna E F Mota
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Biological Sciences, 28115Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.,School of Nutrition, 28115Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Eduardo Bearzoti
- Department of Statistics, 28115Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Eliane F Gama
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Paulista School of Medicine, 67696Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela G L Souza
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Biological Sciences, 28115Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
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Nogueira JAV, Passos MC, Santos ACR, Falco TS, Breguez GS, Sanson AL, Gandra KMB, Bearzoti E, Santos EM, Parreiras PM, Menezes CC. Lipid stability and antioxidant activity of human milk after thermosonication and frozen storage. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Cristina Passos
- Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition Federal University of Ouro Preto Ouro Preto Brazil
| | | | - Thaís Silva Falco
- Department of Food Science Federal University of Ouro Preto Ouro Preto Brazil
| | | | - Ananda Lima Sanson
- Department of Chemistry Federal University of Ouro Preto Ouro Preto Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Bearzoti
- Department of Statistics Federal University of Ouro Preto Ouro Preto Brazil
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Martins FDAD, Mateo DPA, Silva FJDM, Moura SSD, Oliveira EC, Coelho DB, Bearzoti E, Pinto KMDC, Becker LK. Use of Diuretics is Associated with Higher Risk of Sarcopenia in Older Adults with Hypertension. International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences 2022. [DOI: 10.36660/ijcs.20200279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Figueiredo VP, Junior ESL, Lopes LR, Simões NF, Penitente AR, Bearzoti E, Vieira PMDA, Schulz R, Talvani A. High fat diet modulates inflammatory parameters in the heart and liver during acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 64:192-200. [PMID: 30195817 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The high fat diet (HFD) can trigger metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Trypanosoma cruzi infection induces progressive inflammatory manifestations capable to affect the structure and the function of important organs such as the heart and liver. Here we aimed to investigate the effects of a HFD on the immune response and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities during acute infection with the T. cruzi strain VL-10. The VL-10 strain has cardiac tropism and causes myocarditis in mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were treated with either: (i) regular diet (Reg) or (ii) HFD for 8 weeks, after which mice in each group were infected with T. cruzi. Mice were euthanized on day 30 after infection, and the liver and heart were subjected to histology and zymography to determine MMP-2 activities and plasma levels of IL-10, TNF, CCL2, and CCL5. T. cruzi-infected HFD animals had higher parasitemia, LDL and total cholesterol levels. Regardless of diet, plasma levels of all inflammatory mediators and cardiac MMP-2 activity were elevated in infected mice in contrast with the low plasma levels of leptin. HFD animals presented micro- and macrovesicular hepatic steatosis, while cardiac leukocyte infiltration was mainly detected in T. cruzi-infected mice. Our findings suggested that a HFD promotes higher circulating T. cruzi load and cardiac and liver immunopathogenesis in an experimental model using the VL-10 strain of the T. cruzi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Paulino Figueiredo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Post graduation program of Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Laís Roquete Lopes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Post graduation program of Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Post graduation program in Health and Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Natalia Figueirôa Simões
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Post graduation program in Health and Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Bearzoti
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paula Melo de Abreu Vieira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Post graduation program of Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Richard Schulz
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - André Talvani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Post graduation program of Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Post graduation program in Health and Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Post graduation program in Ecology of Tropical Biomes/ICEB, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Alves JC, Lima de Paiva E, Milani RF, Bearzoti E, Morgano MA, Diego Quintaes K. Risk estimation to human health caused by the mercury content of Sushi and Sashimi sold in Japanese restaurants in Brazil. J Environ Sci Health B 2017; 52:418-424. [PMID: 28272991 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1293451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although fish is a healthy alternative for meat, it can be a vehicle for mercury (Hg), including in its most toxic organic form, methylmercury (MeHg). The objective of the present study was to estimate the risk to human health caused by the consumption of sushi and sashimi as commercialized by Japanese food restaurants in the city of Campinas (SP, Brazil). The total Hg content was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with thermal decomposition and amalgamation, and the MeHg content calculated considering that 90% of the total Hg is in the organic form. The health risk was estimated from the values for the provisional tolerable weekly ingestion (PTWI) by both adults and children. The mean concentrations for total Hg were: 147.99, 6.13, and 3.42 µg kg-1 in the tuna, kani, and salmon sushi samples, respectively, and 589.09, 85.09, and 11.38 µg kg-1 in the tuna, octopus and salmon sashimi samples, respectively. The tuna samples showed the highest Hg concentrations. One portion of tuna sashimi exceeded the PTWI value for MeHg established for children and adults. The estimate of risk for human health indicated that the level of toxicity depended on the type of fish and size of the portion consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Clécia Alves
- a Postgraduate Programme in Nutrition and Health, Nutrition School, Ouro Preto Federal University , Ouro Preto , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Esther Lima de Paiva
- b Center of Food Science and Quality, Institute of Food Technology , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Raquel Fernanda Milani
- b Center of Food Science and Quality, Institute of Food Technology , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bearzoti
- a Postgraduate Programme in Nutrition and Health, Nutrition School, Ouro Preto Federal University , Ouro Preto , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Marcelo Antonio Morgano
- b Center of Food Science and Quality, Institute of Food Technology , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Késia Diego Quintaes
- a Postgraduate Programme in Nutrition and Health, Nutrition School, Ouro Preto Federal University , Ouro Preto , Minas Gerais , Brazil
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Cavalcante A, Cardoso G, de Oliveira F, Bearzoti E, Okuma A, Duarte L, Vieira-Filho S. Influence of Environmental Factors and Cultural Methods on the Content of N,N‑Dimethyltryptamine in Psychotria viridis (Rubiaceae). J BRAZIL CHEM SOC 2017. [DOI: 10.21577/0103-5053.20170221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Louvera Silva KA, da Costa Fernandes I, Bearzoti E, Milani RF, Morgano MA, Quintaes KD. Evaluation of raw soapstone (steatite) as adsorbent of trace elements present in Brazilian spirits. Food Chem 2016; 200:83-90. [PMID: 26830564 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The impact of soapstone (steatite) upon inorganic element contaminant concentrations in alcoholic beverages was investigated. Concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb levels in 8 Brazilian spirits plus an alcoholic simulant were initially measured, and then measured following each 24h cycle of exposure to raw soapstone cups, for a total of 4 cycles/sample. The results were compared to the levels established by Brazilian and German regulations. The contact between the spirits and the soapstone reduced the Cu content by up to 50.4% and increased the Ni content by up to 622.2%, especially in the first contact cycle. The exposure of spirits to the soapstone exhibits a linear reduction in the Pb content (18.3-54.5%) while As and Cd levels remained unaltered throughout the experiments. In conclusion, crude soapstone in contact with alcoholic solutions acts as an adsorbent of trace elements (Cu and Pb) while releasing Ni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Aparecida Louvera Silva
- Ouro Preto Federal University (UFOP), Nutrition School (ENUT), Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, s/n, Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil.
| | - Isabela da Costa Fernandes
- Ouro Preto Federal University (UFOP), Nutrition School (ENUT), Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, s/n, Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Bearzoti
- Ouro Preto Federal University (UFOP), Statistic Department (DEEST), Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, s/n, Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Kesia Diego Quintaes
- Ouro Preto Federal University (UFOP), Nutrition School (ENUT), Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, s/n, Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil.
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Menezes CBD, Maluf WR, Azevedo SMD, Faria MV, Nascimento IR, Nogueira DW, Gomes LAA, Bearzoti E. Inheritance of parthenocarpy in summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.). Genet Mol Res 2005; 4:39-46. [PMID: 15841434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The inheritance of the tendency to set parthenocarpic fruit in the summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) line Whitaker was studied. Two parental lines, Whitaker (parthenocarpic) and Caserta (non-parthenocarpic), and the F1 and F2 generations and backcrosses to both parents were tested. The parthenocarpic tendency of individual plants was scored on a scale from 1 (non-parthenocarpic fruit) to 5 (parthenocarpic fruit). The Whitaker line produced parthenocarpic fruit and had a mean score of 4.2, whereas Caserta did not set parthenocarpic fruit and had a score of 1.55. The heritability estimates indicated that genetic gains from selection were feasible. The additive-dominant model showed a good fit, with epistasis being negligible or nonexistent. The hypothesis of monogenic inheritance with incomplete dominance was not rejected within the degree of dominance range from 0.2 to 0.5. These results indicate that parthenocarpy is controlled by a single locus, with incomplete dominance in the direction of parthenocarpic expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cícero B de Menezes
- Departamento de Agricultura, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Caixa Postal 37, 37200-000 Lavras, MG, Brazil
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Abstract
Estimation of the proportion of genetic variance explained by molecular markers (p) plays an important role in basic studies of quantitative traits, as well as in marker-assisted selection (MAS), if the selection index proposed by Lande and Thompson (Genetics 124: 743-756, 1990) is used. Frequently, the coefficient of determination (R2) is used to account for this proportion. In the present study, a simple estimator of p is presented, which is applicable when a multiple regression approach is used, and progenies are evaluated in replicated trials. The associated sampling distribution was obtained and compared with that of R2. Simulations indicated that, when the number of evaluated progenies is small, the statistics are not satisfactory, in general, due to bias and/or low precision. Coefficient R2 was found adequate in situations where p is high. If a large number of progenies is evaluated (say, a few hundreds), then the proposed estimator <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v21n4/1974f1.jpg" alt="1974f1.jpg (1159 bytes)" align="middle"> appears to be better, with acceptable precision and considerably lower bias than R2. A normal approximation to the sampling distribution of <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v21n4/1974f1.jpg" alt="1974f1.jpg (1159 bytes)" align="middle"> is given, using Taylor's expansion of the expectation and variance of this statistic. Approximate confidence intervals for p, based on normal distribution, are reasonable, if the number of progenies is large. The use of <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v21n4/1974f1.jpg" alt="1974f1.jpg (1159 bytes)" align="middle"> in MAS is illustrated for estimation of the weight given to the molecular score, when a selection index is used.
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