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Mah SWL, Linklater DP, Tzanov V, Le PH, Dekiwadia C, Mayes E, Simons R, Eyckens DJ, Moad G, Saita S, Joudkazis S, Jans DA, Baulin VA, Borg NA, Ivanova EP. Piercing of the Human Parainfluenza Virus by Nanostructured Surfaces. ACS Nano 2024; 18:1404-1419. [PMID: 38127731 PMCID: PMC10902884 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive experimental and theoretical investigation into the antiviral properties of nanostructured surfaces and explains the underlying virucidal mechanism. We used reactive ion etching to fabricate silicon (Si) surfaces featuring an array of sharp nanospikes with an approximate tip diameter of 2 nm and a height of 290 nm. The nanospike surfaces exhibited a 1.5 log reduction in infectivity of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hPIV-3) after 6 h, a substantially enhanced efficiency, compared to that of smooth Si. Theoretical modeling of the virus-nanospike interactions determined the virucidal action of the nanostructured substrata to be associated with the ability of the sharp nanofeatures to effectively penetrate the viral envelope, resulting in the loss of viral infectivity. Our research highlights the significance of the potential application of nanostructured surfaces in combating the spread of viruses and bacteria. Notably, our study provides valuable insights into the design and optimization of antiviral surfaces with a particular emphasis on the crucial role played by sharp nanofeatures in maximizing their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson W L Mah
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Denver P Linklater
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clarke Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Vassil Tzanov
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel.lí Domingo s/n, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Phuc H Le
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Chaitali Dekiwadia
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility, STEM College,RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Edwin Mayes
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility, STEM College,RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Ranya Simons
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | | | - Graeme Moad
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Soichiro Saita
- The KAITEKI Institute Inc., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8251, Japan
| | - Saulius Joudkazis
- Optical Science Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - David A Jans
- Nuclear Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Monash, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Vladimir A Baulin
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel.lí Domingo s/n, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Natalie A Borg
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Elena P Ivanova
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
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2
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Jakob AM, Robson SG, Schmitt V, Mourik V, Posselt M, Spemann D, Johnson BC, Firgau HR, Mayes E, McCallum JC, Morello A, Jamieson DN. Deterministic Shallow Dopant Implantation in Silicon with Detection Confidence Upper-Bound to 99.85% by Ion-Solid Interactions. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2103235. [PMID: 34632636 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Silicon chips containing arrays of single dopant atoms can be the material of choice for classical and quantum devices that exploit single donor spins. For example, group-V donors implanted in isotopically purified 28 Si crystals are attractive for large-scale quantum computers. Useful attributes include long nuclear and electron spin lifetimes of 31 P, hyperfine clock transitions in 209 Bi or electrically controllable 123 Sb nuclear spins. Promising architectures require the ability to fabricate arrays of individual near-surface dopant atoms with high yield. Here, an on-chip detector electrode system with 70 eV root-mean-square noise (≈20 electrons) is employed to demonstrate near-room-temperature implantation of single 14 keV 31 P+ ions. The physics model for the ion-solid interaction shows an unprecedented upper-bound single-ion-detection confidence of 99.85 ± 0.02% for near-surface implants. As a result, the practical controlled silicon doping yield is limited by materials engineering factors including surface gate oxides in which detected ions may stop. For a device with 6 nm gate oxide and 14 keV 31 P+ implants, a yield limit of 98.1% is demonstrated. Thinner gate oxides allow this limit to converge to the upper-bound. Deterministic single-ion implantation can therefore be a viable materials engineering strategy for scalable dopant architectures in silicon devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Jakob
- School of Physics, ARC Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Simon G Robson
- School of Physics, ARC Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Vivien Schmitt
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, ARC Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Vincent Mourik
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, ARC Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Matthias Posselt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, 01328, Saxony, Germany
| | - Daniel Spemann
- School of Physics, ARC Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, 04318, Saxony, Germany
| | - Brett C Johnson
- School of Physics, ARC Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Hannes R Firgau
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, ARC Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Edwin Mayes
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Jeffrey C McCallum
- School of Physics, ARC Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Andrea Morello
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, ARC Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - David N Jamieson
- School of Physics, ARC Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
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3
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Jalili AR, Satalov A, Nazari S, Rahmat Suryanto BH, Sun J, Ghasemian MB, Mayyas M, Kandjani AE, Sabri YM, Mayes E, Bhargava SK, Araki J, Zakri C, Poulin P, Esrafilzadeh D, Amal R. Liquid Crystal-Mediated 3D Printing Process to Fabricate Nano-Ordered Layered Structures. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:28627-28638. [PMID: 34110785 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of three-dimensional (3D) printing promises a disruption in the design and on-demand fabrication of smart structures in applications ranging from functional devices to human organs. However, the scale at which 3D printing excels is within macro- and microlevels and principally lacks the spatial ordering of building blocks at nanolevels, which is vital for most multifunctional devices. Herein, we employ liquid crystal (LC) inks to bridge the gap between the nano- and microscales in a single-step 3D printing. The LC ink is prepared from mixtures of LCs of nanocellulose whiskers and large sheets of graphene oxide, which offers a highly ordered laminar organization not inherently present in the source materials. LC-mediated 3D printing imparts the fine-tuning required for the design freedom of architecturally layered systems at the nanoscale with intricate patterns within the 3D-printed constructs. This approach empowered the development of a high-performance humidity sensor composed of self-assembled lamellar organization of NC whiskers. We observed that the NC whiskers that are flat and parallel to each other in the laminar organization allow facile mass transport through the structure, demonstrating a significant improvement in the sensor performance. This work exemplifies how LC ink, implemented in a 3D printing process, can unlock the potential of individual constituents to allow macroscopic printing architectures with nanoscopic arrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rouhollah Jalili
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexandra Satalov
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 9, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - Sahar Nazari
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bryan Harry Rahmat Suryanto
- Australian Centre for Electromaterials Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mohammad Bagher Ghasemian
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mohannad Mayyas
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ahmad E Kandjani
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ylias M Sabri
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
| | - Edwin Mayes
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suresh K Bhargava
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jun Araki
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda 386-8567, Nagano prefecture, Japan
- Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda 386-8567, Nagano prefecture, Japan
| | - Cécile Zakri
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal-CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Philippe Poulin
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal-CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Dorna Esrafilzadeh
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2031, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rose Amal
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
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4
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Nirantar S, Mayes E, Sriram S. In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy with Biasing and Fabrication of Asymmetric Crossbars Based on Mixed-Phased a-VO x. J Vis Exp 2020. [PMID: 32478740 DOI: 10.3791/61026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistive switching crossbar architecture is highly desired in the field of digital memories due to low cost and high-density benefits. Different materials show variability in resistive switching properties due to the intrinsic nature of the material used, leading to discrepancies in the field because of underlying operation mechanisms. This highlights a need for a reliable technique to understand mechanisms using nanostructural observations. This protocol explains a detailed process and methodology of in situ nanostructural analysis as a result of electrical biasing using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It provides visual and reliable evidence of underlying nanostructural changes in real time memory operations. Also included is the methodology of fabrication and electrical characterizations for asymmetric crossbar structures incorporating amorphous vanadium oxide. The protocol explained here for vanadium oxide films can be easily extended to any other materials in a metal-dielectric-metal sandwiched structure. Resistive switching crossbars are predicted to serve the programmable logic and neuromorphic circuits for next-generation memory devices, given the understanding of the operation mechanisms. This protocol reveals the switching mechanism in a reliable, timely, and cost-effective way in any type of resistive switching materials, and thereby predicts the device's applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Nirantar
- Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility, RMIT University;
| | - Edwin Mayes
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility, RMIT University
| | - Sharath Sriram
- Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility, RMIT University;
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5
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Arash A, Tawfik SA, Spencer MJS, Kumar Jain S, Arash S, Mazumder A, Mayes E, Rahman F, Singh M, Bansal V, Sriram S, Walia S, Bhaskaran M, Balendhran S. Electrically Activated UV-A Filters Based on Electrochromic MoO 3-x. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:16997-17003. [PMID: 32203662 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Chromism-based optical filters is a niche field of research, due to there being only a handful of electrochromic materials. Typically, electrochromic transition metal oxides such as MoO3 and WO3 are utilized in applications such as smart windows and electrochromic devices (ECD). Herein, we report MoO3-x-based electrically activated ultraviolet (UV) filters. The MoO3-x grown on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate is mechanically assembled onto an electrically activated proton exchange membrane. Reversible H+ injection/extraction in MoO3-x is employed to switch the optical transmittance, enabling an electrically activated optical filter. The devices exhibit broadband transmission modulation (325-800 nm), with a peak of ∼60% in the UV-A range (350-392 nm). Comparable switching times of 8 s and a coloration efficiency of up to 116 cm2 C-1 are achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Arash
- Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | | | | | - Shubhendra Kumar Jain
- Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Saba Arash
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States of America
| | - Aishani Mazumder
- Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Edwin Mayes
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility, School of Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Fahmida Rahman
- Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Mandeep Singh
- Sir Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Vipul Bansal
- Sir Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Sharath Sriram
- Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Sumeet Walia
- Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Madhu Bhaskaran
- Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Sivacarendran Balendhran
- Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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6
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Rifai A, Tran N, Reineck P, Elbourne A, Mayes E, Sarker A, Dekiwadia C, Ivanova EP, Crawford RJ, Ohshima T, Gibson BC, Greentree AD, Pirogova E, Fox K. Engineering the Interface: Nanodiamond Coating on 3D-Printed Titanium Promotes Mammalian Cell Growth and Inhibits Staphylococcus aureus Colonization. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:24588-24597. [PMID: 31199619 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b07064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Additively manufactured selective laser melted titanium (SLM-Ti) opens the possibility of tailored medical implants for patients. Despite orthopedic implant advancements, significant problems remain with regard to suboptimal osseointegration at the interface between the implant and the surrounding tissue. Here, we show that applying a nanodiamond (ND) coating onto SLM-Ti scaffolds provides an improved surface for mammalian cell growth while inhibiting colonization of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Owing to the simplicity of our methodology, the approach is suitable for coating SLM-Ti geometries. The ND coating achieved 32 and 29% increases in cell density of human dermal fibroblasts and osteoblasts, respectively, after 3 days of incubation compared with the uncoated SLM-Ti substratum. This increase in cell density complements an 88% reduction in S. aureus detected on the ND-coated SLM-Ti substrata. This study paves a way to create facile antifouling SLM-Ti structures for biomedical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Takeshi Ohshima
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology , Takasaki , Gunma 370-1292 , Japan
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7
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Dupont MF, Elbourne A, Mayes E, Latham K. Measuring the mechanical properties of flexible crystals using bi-modal atomic force microscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:20219-20224. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04542b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Flexible crystals are an emerging class of material with unique properties and a range of potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine F. Dupont
- School of Science
- College of Science
- Engineering and Health
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
| | - Aaron Elbourne
- School of Science
- College of Science
- Engineering and Health
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
| | - Edwin Mayes
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility (RMMF)
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Kay Latham
- School of Science
- College of Science
- Engineering and Health
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
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8
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Baharudin KB, Arumugam M, Hunns J, Lee AF, Mayes E, Taufiq-Yap YH, Wilson K, Derawi D. Octanoic acid hydrodeoxygenation over bifunctional Ni/Al-SBA-15 catalysts. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01710k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydroprocessing of fatty carboxylic acids over 5 wt% Ni/Al-SBA-15 reveals a strong dependence of product yield and selectivity on Si : Al ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairul Basyar Baharudin
- Laboratory for Biolubricant
- Biofuels and Bioenergy Research
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
| | - Mahashanon Arumugam
- Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre (PutraCat)
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Putra Malaysia
- 43400 UPM Serdang
- Malaysia
| | - James Hunns
- School of Science
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Adam F. Lee
- School of Science
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Edwin Mayes
- School of Science
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap
- Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre (PutraCat)
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Putra Malaysia
- 43400 UPM Serdang
- Malaysia
| | - Karen Wilson
- School of Science
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Darfizzi Derawi
- Laboratory for Biolubricant
- Biofuels and Bioenergy Research
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
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9
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Rahman F, Ahmed T, Walia S, Mayes E, Sriram S, Bhaskaran M, Balendhran S. Reversible resistive switching behaviour in CVD grown, large area MoO x. Nanoscale 2018; 10:19711-19719. [PMID: 30141809 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04407d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Non-volatile resistive memory devices are theorized to be the most promising pathway towards analog memory and neuromorphic computing. Two-dimensional MoO3 is a versatile planar transition metal oxide, whose properties can be readily tuned, making it anywhere from a wide bandgap semiconductor to a semi-metal. Successful integration of such a planar metal oxide into resistive memory can enable adaptive and low power memory applications. Here, we investigate the non-volatile and reversible resistive switching behaviour of oxygen deficient MoOx in a cross-point metal/insulator/metal (MIM) architecture. Layered MoOx films are synthesised using chemical vapour deposition (CVD) and reveal excellent resistive switching performance with relatively low electroforming and operating voltages. Switching ratios of ∼103 and stable data retention of >104 s are achieved. As such, this work demonstrates the viability of MoOx as a resistive memory element and paves the way for future two-dimensional resistive memory technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmida Rahman
- Functional Materials and Microsystem Research Group and Micro Nano Research Facility, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
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10
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Singh M, Weerathunge P, Liyanage PD, Mayes E, Ramanathan R, Bansal V. Competitive Inhibition of the Enzyme-Mimic Activity of Gd-Based Nanorods toward Highly Specific Colorimetric Sensing of l-Cysteine. Langmuir 2017; 33:10006-10015. [PMID: 28838237 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gd-based nanomaterials offer interesting magnetic properties and have been heavily investigated for magnetic resonance imaging. The applicability of these materials beyond biomedical imaging remains limited. The current study explores the applicability of these rare-earth nanomaterials as nanozyme-mediated catalysts for colorimetric sensing of l-cysteine, an amino acid of high biomedical relevance. We show a facile solution-based strategy to synthesize two Gd-based nanomaterials viz. Gd(OH)3 and Gd2O3 nanorods. We further establish the catalytic peroxidase-mimic nanozyme activity of these Gd(OH)3 and Gd2O3 nanorods. This catalytic activity was suppressed specifically in the presence of l-cysteine that allowed us to develop a colorimetric sensor to detect this biologically relevant molecule among various other contaminants. This suppression, which could either be caused due to catalyst poisoning or enzyme inhibition, prompted extensive investigation of the kinetics of this catalytic inhibition in the presence of cysteine. This revealed a competitive inhibition process, a mechanism akin to those observed in natural enzymes, bringing nanozymes a step closer to the biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Singh
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University , GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Pabudi Weerathunge
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University , GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Piyumi Dinusha Liyanage
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University , GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Edwin Mayes
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility (RMMF), School of Science, RMIT University , GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Rajesh Ramanathan
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University , GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Vipul Bansal
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University , GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
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11
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Stowe TJ, Newton AV, Green RE, Mayes E. The Decline of the Corncrake Crex crex in Britain and Ireland in Relation to Habitat. J Appl Ecol 1993. [DOI: 10.2307/2404270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Mayes E, Howie D. Biochemical composition and sediment temperature in relation to the reproductive cycle in the Lugworm arenicola marina. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0077-7579(85)90014-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Cary PD, Turner CH, Leung I, Mayes E, Crane-Robinson C. Conformation and domain structure of the non-histone chromosomal proteins HMG 1 and 2. Domain interactions. Eur J Biochem 1984; 143:323-30. [PMID: 6236082 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1984.tb08375.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The sequence of the 224 residues of HMG 1 suggests it consists of three domains. We have previously proposed [Cary et al. (1980 Eur. J. Biochem. 131, 367-374] that the A and B domains can fold autonomously and that there is also a small N domain. Several proteases are now found to cut at the end of the B domain (at or close to residue 184). It is shown that the A + B-domain fragment also folds and probably contains all the helix of intact HMG 1. The stability of the B domain is enhanced by the presence of the A domain. The acidic C domain undergoes a coil----helix transition on lowering the pH. Several peptides have been prepared by cleavage at tryptophan. Peptide 57--C-terminus contains complete B and C domains but does not fold. In the absence of the A domain the C domain is thus able to destabilise the B domain. It is concluded that the stability of the B domain in HMG 1 is due to interaction with the A domain and the C domain has a separate function from the other domains.
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14
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Downward J, Yarden Y, Mayes E, Scrace G, Totty N, Stockwell P, Ullrich A, Schlessinger J, Waterfield MD. Close similarity of epidermal growth factor receptor and v-erb-B oncogene protein sequences. Nature 1984; 307:521-7. [PMID: 6320011 DOI: 10.1038/307521a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1752] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Each of six peptides derived from the human epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor very closely matches a part of the deduced sequence of the v-erb-B transforming protein of avian erythroblastosis virus (AEV). In all, the peptides contain 83 amino acid residues, 74 of which are shared with v-erb-B. The AEV progenitor may have acquired the cellular gene sequences of a truncated EGF receptor (or closely related protein) lacking the external EGF-binding domain but retaining the transmembrane domain and a domain involved in stimulating cell proliferation. Transformation of cells by AEV may result, in part, from the inappropriate acquisition of a truncated EGF receptor from the c-erb-B gene.
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Cary PD, Turner CH, Mayes E, Crane-Robinson C. Conformation and domain structure of the non-histone chromosomal proteins, HMG 1 and 2. Isolation of two folded fragments from HMG 1 and 2. Eur J Biochem 1983; 131:367-74. [PMID: 6219875 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1983.tb07272.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Proteins HMG 1 and 2 have been digested with trypsin and two major products, stable to further digestion between 8 min and 2 h, have been purified (peptides A and B). Peptide B from HMG 1 has been identified as residues 12-75 and peptide A as residues 94/96-169 by amino acid analyses and Edman degradations. Peptide B spontaneously folds with the formation of 51% helix and exhibits the majority of the perturbed NMR resonances characteristic of folded intact HMG 1. Peptide B is stably folded in the presence of 150 mM NaCl between pH 3 and 10, like intact HMG 1. Peptide A forms 30% alpha-helix and also exhibits tertiary folding but is denatured by pH 10. The 11 N-terminal residues removed by trypsin contain both sites of post-synthetic acetylation (residues 2 and 11), a situation very similar to that found with core histones. It is proposed that HMG 1 and 2 consist of four structural domains, viz: (a) residues 1-11, (b) residues 12 to approximately 75, (c) residues 94-169 and (d) the very acidic region beyond residue 169. The instability of peptide A may mean that it is not a truly independent domain. No structural similarities to histone H1 are therefore observed in HMG 1 and 2.
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