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Brown RJ, Araujo-Vilar D, Cheung PT, Dunger D, Garg A, Jack M, Mungai L, Oral EA, Patni N, Rother KI, von Schnurbein J, Sorkina E, Stanley T, Vigouroux C, Wabitsch M, Williams R, Yorifuji T. The Diagnosis and Management of Lipodystrophy Syndromes: A Multi-Society Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:4500-4511. [PMID: 27710244 PMCID: PMC5155679 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-2466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lipodystrophy syndromes are extremely rare disorders of deficient body fat associated with potentially serious metabolic complications, including diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, and steatohepatitis. Due to their rarity, most clinicians are not familiar with their diagnosis and management. This practice guideline summarizes the diagnosis and management of lipodystrophy syndromes not associated with HIV or injectable drugs. PARTICIPANTS Seventeen participants were nominated by worldwide endocrine societies or selected by the committee as content experts. Funding was via an unrestricted educational grant from Astra Zeneca to the Pediatric Endocrine Society. Meetings were not open to the general public. EVIDENCE A literature review was conducted by the committee. Recommendations of the committee were graded using the system of the American Heart Association. Expert opinion was used when published data were unavailable or scarce. CONSENSUS PROCESS The guideline was drafted by committee members and reviewed, revised, and approved by the entire committee during group meetings. Contributing societies reviewed the document and provided approval. CONCLUSIONS Lipodystrophy syndromes are heterogeneous and are diagnosed by clinical phenotype, supplemented by genetic testing in certain forms. Patients with most lipodystrophy syndromes should be screened for diabetes, dyslipidemia, and liver, kidney, and heart disease annually. Diet is essential for the management of metabolic complications of lipodystrophy. Metreleptin therapy is effective for metabolic complications in hypoleptinemic patients with generalized lipodystrophy and selected patients with partial lipodystrophy. Other treatments not specific for lipodystrophy may be helpful as well (eg, metformin for diabetes, and statins or fibrates for hyperlipidemia). Oral estrogens are contraindicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Brown
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
| | - David Araujo-Vilar
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
| | - Pik To Cheung
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
| | - David Dunger
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
| | - Abhimanyu Garg
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
| | - Michelle Jack
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
| | - Lucy Mungai
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
| | - Elif A Oral
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
| | - Nivedita Patni
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
| | - Kristina I Rother
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
| | - Julia von Schnurbein
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
| | - Ekaterina Sorkina
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
| | - Takara Stanley
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
| | - Corinne Vigouroux
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
| | - Rachel Williams
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
| | - Tohru Yorifuji
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan
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Rostomyan L, Daly AF, Petrossians P, Nachev E, Lila AR, Lecoq AL, Lecumberri B, Trivellin G, Salvatori R, Moraitis AG, Holdaway I, Kranenburg-van Klaveren DJ, Chiara Zatelli M, Palacios N, Nozieres C, Zacharin M, Ebeling T, Ojaniemi M, Rozhinskaya L, Verrua E, Jaffrain-Rea ML, Filipponi S, Gusakova D, Pronin V, Bertherat J, Belaya Z, Ilovayskaya I, Sahnoun-Fathallah M, Sievers C, Stalla GK, Castermans E, Caberg JH, Sorkina E, Auriemma RS, Mittal S, Kareva M, Lysy PA, Emy P, De Menis E, Choong CS, Mantovani G, Bours V, De Herder W, Brue T, Barlier A, Neggers SJCMM, Zacharieva S, Chanson P, Shah NS, Stratakis CA, Naves LA, Beckers A. Clinical and genetic characterization of pituitary gigantism: an international collaborative study in 208 patients. Endocr Relat Cancer 2015; 22:745-57. [PMID: 26187128 PMCID: PMC6533620 DOI: 10.1530/erc-15-0320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite being a classical growth disorder, pituitary gigantism has not been studied previously in a standardized way. We performed a retrospective, multicenter, international study to characterize a large series of pituitary gigantism patients. We included 208 patients (163 males; 78.4%) with growth hormone excess and a current/previous abnormal growth velocity for age or final height >2 s.d. above country normal means. The median onset of rapid growth was 13 years and occurred significantly earlier in females than in males; pituitary adenomas were diagnosed earlier in females than males (15.8 vs 21.5 years respectively). Adenomas were ≥10 mm (i.e., macroadenomas) in 84%, of which extrasellar extension occurred in 77% and invasion in 54%. GH/IGF1 control was achieved in 39% during long-term follow-up. Final height was greater in younger onset patients, with larger tumors and higher GH levels. Later disease control was associated with a greater difference from mid-parental height (r=0.23, P=0.02). AIP mutations occurred in 29%; microduplication at Xq26.3 - X-linked acrogigantism (X-LAG) - occurred in two familial isolated pituitary adenoma kindreds and in ten sporadic patients. Tumor size was not different in X-LAG, AIP mutated and genetically negative patient groups. AIP-mutated and X-LAG patients were significantly younger at onset and diagnosis, but disease control was worse in genetically negative cases. Pituitary gigantism patients are characterized by male predominance and large tumors that are difficult to control. Treatment delay increases final height and symptom burden. AIP mutations and X-LAG explain many cases, but no genetic etiology is seen in >50% of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliya Rostomyan
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Adrian F Daly
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Patrick Petrossians
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Emil Nachev
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Anurag R Lila
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Anne-Lise Lecoq
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Beatriz Lecumberri
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Giampaolo Trivellin
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Roberto Salvatori
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Andreas G Moraitis
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Ian Holdaway
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Dianne J Kranenburg-van Klaveren
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Maria Chiara Zatelli
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Nuria Palacios
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Cecile Nozieres
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Margaret Zacharin
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Tapani Ebeling
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Marja Ojaniemi
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Liudmila Rozhinskaya
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Elisa Verrua
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Marie-Lise Jaffrain-Rea
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Silvia Filipponi
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Daria Gusakova
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Vyacheslav Pronin
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Jerome Bertherat
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Zhanna Belaya
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Irena Ilovayskaya
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Mona Sahnoun-Fathallah
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Caroline Sievers
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Gunter K Stalla
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Emilie Castermans
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Jean-Hubert Caberg
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Ekaterina Sorkina
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Renata Simona Auriemma
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Sachin Mittal
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Maria Kareva
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Philippe A Lysy
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Philippe Emy
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Ernesto De Menis
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Catherine S Choong
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Giovanna Mantovani
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Vincent Bours
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Wouter De Herder
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Thierry Brue
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Anne Barlier
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Sebastian J C M M Neggers
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Sabina Zacharieva
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Philippe Chanson
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Nalini Samir Shah
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Constantine A Stratakis
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Luciana A Naves
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
| | - Albert Beckers
- Departments of Endocrinology and Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumClinical Center of Endocrinology and GerontologyMedical University, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of EndocrinologyKing Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94275, FranceUMR S1185Univ Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceINSERM U1185Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, FranceServicio de Endocrinología y NutriciónHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics & Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USADivision of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USADepartment of EndocrinologyGreenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New ZealandSection of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSection of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyServicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainService d'endocrinologie-diabétologieCentre Hospitalier Lucien Hussel, Montée du Docteur Chapuis BP127, 38 209 Vienne cedex, FranceMurdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartments of Internal Medicine and PediatricsOulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartments of Neuroen
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