1
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Cristea I, Abarca H, Christensen Mellgren AE, Trubnykova M, Mehrasa R, Peters DJM, Houge G, Hennekam RCM, Rødahl E, Bruland O, Bredrup C. A Pellino-2 variant is associated with constitutive NLRP3 inflammasome activation in a family with ocular pterygium-digital keloid dysplasia. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:1290-1299. [PMID: 36776133 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Ocular pterygium-digital keloid dysplasia (OPDKD) is a rare hereditary disease characterized by corneal ingrowth of vascularized conjunctival tissue early in life. Later, patients develop keloids on fingers and toes but are otherwise healthy. In a recently described family with OPDKD, we report the presence of a de novo c.770C > T, p.(Thr257Ile) variant in PELI2 in the affected individual. PELI2 encodes for the E3 ubiquitin ligase Pellino-2. In transgenic U87MG cells overexpressing Pellino-2 with the p.(Thr257Ile) amino acid substitution, constitutive activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome was observed. However, the Thr257Ile variant did not affect Pellino-2 intracellular localization, its binding to known interaction partners, nor its stability. Our findings indicate that constitutive autoactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to the development of PELI2-associated OPDKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Cristea
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway.,Department of Ophthalmology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hugo Abarca
- Servicio de Genética & Errores Innatos del Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Nino-Breña, Lima, Peru
| | - Anne E Christensen Mellgren
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway.,Department of Ophthalmology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Milana Trubnykova
- Servicio de Genética & Errores Innatos del Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Nino-Breña, Lima, Peru.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Roya Mehrasa
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Dorien J M Peters
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eyvind Rødahl
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway.,Department of Ophthalmology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ove Bruland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Cecilie Bredrup
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway.,Department of Ophthalmology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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2
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Kariminejad A, Ghaderi-Sohi S, Gholami S, Najafi K, Kariminejad R, Hennekam RCM. 5p13 microduplication in a malformed fetus and his unaffected father. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:370-377. [PMID: 36322476 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The 5p13 microduplication syndrome is a contiguous gene syndrome characterized by developmental delay intellectual disability, hypotonia, unusual facies with marked variability, mild limb anomalies, and in some cases brain malformations. The duplication ranges in size from 0.25 to 1.08 Mb and encompasses five genes (NIPBL, SLC1A3, CPLANE1, NUP155, and WDR70), of which NIPBL has been suggested to be the main dose sensitive gene. All patients with duplication of the complete NIPBL gene reported thus far have been de novo. Here, we report a 25-week-old male fetus with hypertelorism, wide and depressed nasal bridge, depressed nasal tip, low-set ears, clenched hands, flexion contracture of elbows, knees, and left wrist, and bilateral clubfeet, bowing and shortening of long bones and brain malformation of dorsal part of callosal body. The fetus had a 667 kb gain at 5p13.2 encompassing SLC1A3, NIPBL and exons 22-52 of CPLANE1. The microduplication was inherited from the healthy father, in whom no indication for mosaicism was detected. The family demonstrates that incomplete penetrance of 5p13 microduplication syndrome may occur which is important in genetic counseling of families with this entity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Soheila Gholami
- Kariminejad-Najmabadi Pathology and Genetics Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Najafi
- Kariminejad-Najmabadi Pathology and Genetics Center, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Rumping L, Hennekam RCM, Alders M, van Haelst MM. "Hypothesis: Patient with possible disturbance in programmed cell death": further insights in pathogenicity and clinical features of Fraser syndrome. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:16-17. [PMID: 36042327 PMCID: PMC9822888 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-022-01175-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lynne Rumping
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands.
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Mariëlle Alders
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Mieke M van Haelst
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
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4
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Pallotta MM, Di Nardo M, Hennekam RCM, Kaiser FJ, Parenti I, Pié J, Ramos FJ, Kline AD, Musio A. Cornelia de Lange syndrome and cancer: An open question. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:292-295. [PMID: 36253936 PMCID: PMC10092277 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Pallotta
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maddalena Di Nardo
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J Kaiser
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Essen Center for Rare Diseases (Essener Zentrum für Seltene Erkrankungen, EZSE), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ilaria Parenti
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Juan Pié
- Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and ISS-Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Feliciano J Ramos
- Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and ISS-Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain.,Clinical Genetics Unit, Service of Paediatrics, University Hospital "Lozano Blesa", University of Zaragoza, CIBERER GCV02 and ISS-Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonie D Kline
- Harvey Institute for Human Genetics, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Antonio Musio
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
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5
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Bredrup C, Cristea I, Safieh LA, Di Maria E, Gjertsen BT, Tveit KS, Thu F, Bull N, Edward DP, Hennekam RCM, Høvding G, Haugen OH, Houge G, Rødahl E, Bruland O. Temperature-dependent autoactivation associated with clinical variability of PDGFRB Asn666 substitutions. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:72-77. [PMID: 33450762 PMCID: PMC8033145 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular pterygium-digital keloid dysplasia (OPDKD) presents in childhood with ingrowth of vascularized connective tissue on the cornea leading to severely reduced vision. Later the patients develop keloids on digits but are otherwise healthy. The overgrowth in OPDKD affects body parts that typically have lower temperature than 37°C. We present evidence that OPDKD is associated with a temperature sensitive, activating substitution, p.(Asn666Tyr), in PDGFRB. Phosphorylation levels of PDGFRB and downstream targets were higher in OPDKD fibroblasts at 37°C but were further greatly increased at the average corneal temperature of 32°C. This suggests that the substitution cause significant constitutive autoactivation mainly at lower temperature. In contrast, a different substitution in the same codon, p.(Asn666Ser), is associated with Penttinen type of premature aging syndrome. This devastating condition is characterized by widespread tissue degeneration, including pronounced chronic ulcers and osteolytic resorption in distal limbs. In Penttinen syndrome fibroblasts, equal and high levels of phosphorylated PDGFRB was present at both 32°C and 37°C. This indicates that this substitution causes severe constitutive autoactivation of PDGFRB regardless of temperature. In line with this, most downstream targets were not affected by lower temperature. However, STAT1, important for tissue wasting, did show further increased phosphorylation at 32°C. Temperature-dependent autoactivation offers an explanation to the strikingly different clinical outcomes of substitutions in the Asn666 codon of PDGFRB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Bredrup
- Department of Ophthalmology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Ileana Cristea
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - Leen Abu Safieh
- Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh 11462, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Genomics Research Department, Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11564, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Emilio Di Maria
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Genova 16132, Italy.,Unit of Medical Genetics, Galliera Hospital, Genova 16128, Italy
| | - Bjørn Tore Gjertsen
- Department of Oncology and Medical Physics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Kåre Steinar Tveit
- Department of Dermatology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Frode Thu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 4956, Norway
| | - Nils Bull
- Department of Ophthalmology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Deepak P Edward
- Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh 11462, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105AZ, the Netherlands
| | - Gunnar Høvding
- Department of Ophthalmology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - Olav H Haugen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Eyvind Rødahl
- Department of Ophthalmology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - Ove Bruland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
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6
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Cappuccio G, Sayou C, Tanno PL, Tisserant E, Bruel AL, Kennani SE, Sá J, Low KJ, Dias C, Havlovicová M, Hančárová M, Eichler EE, Devillard F, Moutton S, Van-Gils J, Dubourg C, Odent S, Gerard B, Piton A, Yamamoto T, Okamoto N, Firth H, Metcalfe K, Moh A, Chapman KA, Aref-Eshghi E, Kerkhof J, Torella A, Nigro V, Perrin L, Piard J, Le Guyader G, Jouan T, Thauvin-Robinet C, Duffourd Y, George-Abraham JK, Buchanan CA, Williams D, Kini U, Wilson K, Sousa SB, Hennekam RCM, Sadikovic B, Thevenon J, Govin J, Vitobello A, Brunetti-Pierri N. De novo SMARCA2 variants clustered outside the helicase domain cause a new recognizable syndrome with intellectual disability and blepharophimosis distinct from Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome. Genet Med 2020; 22:1838-1850. [PMID: 32694869 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-020-0898-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Nontruncating variants in SMARCA2, encoding a catalytic subunit of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, cause Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome (NCBRS), a condition with intellectual disability and multiple congenital anomalies. Other disorders due to SMARCA2 are unknown. METHODS By next-generation sequencing, we identified candidate variants in SMARCA2 in 20 individuals from 18 families with a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder not consistent with NCBRS. To stratify variant interpretation, we functionally analyzed SMARCA2 variants in yeasts and performed transcriptomic and genome methylation analyses on blood leukocytes. RESULTS Of 20 individuals, 14 showed a recognizable phenotype with recurrent features including epicanthal folds, blepharophimosis, and downturned nasal tip along with variable degree of intellectual disability (or blepharophimosis intellectual disability syndrome [BIS]). In contrast to most NCBRS variants, all SMARCA2 variants associated with BIS are localized outside the helicase domains. Yeast phenotype assays differentiated NCBRS from non-NCBRS SMARCA2 variants. Transcriptomic and DNA methylation signatures differentiated NCBRS from BIS and those with nonspecific phenotype. In the remaining six individuals with nonspecific dysmorphic features, clinical and molecular data did not permit variant reclassification. CONCLUSION We identified a novel recognizable syndrome named BIS associated with clustered de novo SMARCA2 variants outside the helicase domains, phenotypically and molecularly distinct from NCBRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerarda Cappuccio
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Camille Sayou
- Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Pauline Le Tanno
- Department of Genetics and Reproduction, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Emilie Tisserant
- Inserm UMR 1231 GAD, Genetics of Developmental disorders, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, FHU TRANSLAD, Dijon, France
| | - Ange-Line Bruel
- Inserm UMR 1231 GAD, Genetics of Developmental disorders, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, FHU TRANSLAD, Dijon, France
| | - Sara El Kennani
- Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Joaquim Sá
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Karen J Low
- University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Cristina Dias
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Clinical Genetics, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Markéta Havlovicová
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University Prague 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Hančárová
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University Prague 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Evan E Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Françoise Devillard
- Department of Genetics and Reproduction, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Sébastien Moutton
- CPDPN, Pôle mère enfant, Maison de Santé Protestante Bordeaux Bagatelle, Talence, France
| | - Julien Van-Gils
- Reference Center for Developmental Anomalies, Department of Medical Genetics, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christèle Dubourg
- Service de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, BMT-HC « Jean Dausset », Rennes, France
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Service de Génétique clinique, CHU de Rennes, Univ. Rennes, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR) UMR 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Bénédicte Gerard
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
| | - Amélie Piton
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
| | - Toshiyuki Yamamoto
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Tokyo Women's Medical University Institute of Integrated Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Okamoto
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Helen Firth
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kay Metcalfe
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester, UK
| | - Anna Moh
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kimberly A Chapman
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Erfan Aref-Eshghi
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Victoria Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Jennifer Kerkhof
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Victoria Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
| | - Annalaura Torella
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Laurence Perrin
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debré Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Piard
- Centre de génétique humaine, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Gwenaël Le Guyader
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
| | - Thibaud Jouan
- Inserm UMR 1231 GAD, Genetics of Developmental disorders, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, FHU TRANSLAD, Dijon, France
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- Inserm UMR 1231 GAD, Genetics of Developmental disorders, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, FHU TRANSLAD, Dijon, France
- Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
- UF Innovation en diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Yannis Duffourd
- Inserm UMR 1231 GAD, Genetics of Developmental disorders, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, FHU TRANSLAD, Dijon, France
| | - Jaya K George-Abraham
- Dell Children's Medical Group, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Usha Kini
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Kate Wilson
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Sérgio B Sousa
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- University Clinic of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics and Translational Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bekim Sadikovic
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Victoria Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Julien Thevenon
- Department of Genetics and Reproduction, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jérôme Govin
- Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France.
| | - Antonio Vitobello
- Inserm UMR 1231 GAD, Genetics of Developmental disorders, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, FHU TRANSLAD, Dijon, France.
- UF Innovation en diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France.
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy.
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7
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Beauregard-Lacroix E, Pacheco-Cuellar G, Ajeawung NF, Tardif J, Dieterich K, Dabir T, Vind-Kezunovic D, White SM, Zadori D, Castiglioni C, Tranebjærg L, Tørring PM, Blair E, Wisniewska M, Camurri MV, van Bever Y, Molidperee S, Taylor J, Dionne-Laporte A, Sisodiya SM, Hennekam RCM, Campeau PM. Correction: DOORS syndrome and a recurrent truncating ATP6V1B2 variant. Genet Med 2020; 23:237. [PMID: 32934366 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-020-00969-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Beauregard-Lacroix
- Medical Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guillermo Pacheco-Cuellar
- Medical Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Norbert F Ajeawung
- CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jessica Tardif
- Medical Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Klaus Dieterich
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (GIN), Grenoble, France
| | - Tabib Dabir
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Dina Vind-Kezunovic
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
| | - Susan M White
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Denes Zadori
- Department of Neurology, Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Lisbeth Tranebjærg
- The Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Ed Blair
- Oxford Regional Genetics Service, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
| | - Marzena Wisniewska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznañ University of Medical Sciences, Poznañ, Poland
| | - Maria Vittoria Camurri
- Medical Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yolande van Bever
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sirinart Molidperee
- CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Juliet Taylor
- Genetic Health Service New Zealand-Northern Hub, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alexandre Dionne-Laporte
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sanjay M Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Bucks, UK
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Philippe M Campeau
- Medical Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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8
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Beauregard-Lacroix E, Pacheco-Cuellar G, Ajeawung NF, Tardif J, Dieterich K, Dabir T, Vind-Kezunovic D, White SM, Zadori D, Castiglioni C, Tranebjærg L, Tørring PM, Blair E, Wisniewska M, Camurri MV, van Bever Y, Molidperee S, Taylor J, Dionne-Laporte A, Sisodiya SM, Hennekam RCM, Campeau PM. DOORS syndrome and a recurrent truncating ATP6V1B2 variant. Genet Med 2020; 23:149-154. [PMID: 32873933 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-020-00950-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Biallelic variants in TBC1D24, which encodes a protein that regulates vesicular transport, are frequently identified in patients with DOORS (deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, intellectual disability [previously referred to as mental retardation], and seizures) syndrome. The aim of the study was to identify a genetic cause in families with DOORS syndrome and without a TBC1D24 variant. METHODS Exome or Sanger sequencing was performed in individuals with a clinical diagnosis of DOORS syndrome without TBC1D24 variants. RESULTS We identified the same truncating variant in ATP6V1B2 (NM_001693.4:c.1516C>T; p.Arg506*) in nine individuals from eight unrelated families with DOORS syndrome. This variant was already reported in individuals with dominant deafness onychodystrophy (DDOD) syndrome. Deafness was present in all individuals, along with onychodystrophy and abnormal fingers and/or toes. All families but one had developmental delay or intellectual disability and five individuals had epilepsy. We also describe two additional families with DDOD syndrome in whom the same variant was found. CONCLUSION We expand the phenotype associated with ATP6V1B2 and propose another causal gene for DOORS syndrome. This finding suggests that DDOD and DOORS syndromes might lie on a spectrum of clinically and molecularly related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Beauregard-Lacroix
- Medical Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guillermo Pacheco-Cuellar
- Medical Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Norbert F Ajeawung
- CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jessica Tardif
- Medical Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Klaus Dieterich
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (GIN), Grenoble, France
| | - Tabib Dabir
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Dina Vind-Kezunovic
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
| | - Susan M White
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Denes Zadori
- Department of Neurology, Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Lisbeth Tranebjærg
- The Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Ed Blair
- Oxford Regional Genetics Service, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
| | - Marzena Wisniewska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznañ University of Medical Sciences, Poznañ, Poland
| | - Maria Vittoria Camurri
- Medical Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yolande van Bever
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sirinart Molidperee
- CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Juliet Taylor
- Genetic Health Service New Zealand-Northern Hub, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alexandre Dionne-Laporte
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sanjay M Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Bucks, UK
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Philippe M Campeau
- Medical Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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9
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Hennekam RCM. Pathophysiology of premature aging characteristics in Mendelian progeroid disorders. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:104028. [PMID: 32791128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.104028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a physiological process that is in part genetically determined. Some of the signs and symptoms of aging also occur prematurely in Mendelian disorders. Such disorders are excellent sources of information of underlying mechanisms for these components of aging, and studying these may allow detection of pathways that have not yet considered in detail in physiological aging. Here I define the clinical characteristics that constitute aging and propose that at least 40% of aging signs and symptoms should be present before an entity should be tagged as progeroid. A literature search using these characteristics yields 17 entities that fulfill this definition: Hutchinson-Gilford progeria, mandibulo-acral dysplasia, Nestor-Guillermo progeria, Werner syndrome, Cockayne syndrome, cutis laxa progeroid, Penttinen progeroid syndrome, Mandibular underdevelopment, Deafness, Progeroid features, Lipodystrophy, Fontaine progeroid syndrome, SHORT syndrome, Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome, Mulvihill-Smith syndrome, dyskeratosis congenita, Marfan syndrome lipodystrophy type, Warburg-Cinotti syndrome, Lessel syndrome and Bloom syndrome. The presenting and main characteristics of these entities are indicated briefly. Their pathophysiology is not complete pathophysiology is reviewed but only the pathophysiology of the premature aging characteristics of this series of entities is compared to the known mechanisms ("Hallmarks") of physiological aging as summarized in the review paper by Lopez-Otin and colleagues. Although many causative genes have not been studied fully for all known aging mechanisms the comparison demonstrates that additional mechanisms must play a role to explain the aging characteristic in some of the progeroid entities of the progeroid entities, and possibly also in physiological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Paediatrics, Room H7-236, Amsterdam UMC - location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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10
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Abstract
Aging is widely studied as a physiological process. Segmental aging can also occur prematurely in Mendelian disorders, and these can act this way as excellent sources of information, specifically for the underlying mechanisms. Adequate recognition of such aging characteristics in Mendelian disorders needs a well-defined phenotype of aging. Here the external phenotype of aging is described that can be recognized in the consulting room without major additional studies. Existing definitions of the signs and symptoms in Elements of Morphology or Human Phenotype Ontology are added or a new definition is suggested if none is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Paediatrics, Room H7-236, Amsterdam UMC - location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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11
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Nolte JW, Alders M, Karssemakers LHE, Becking AG, Hennekam RCM. Molecular basis of unilateral condylar hyperplasia? Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 49:1397-1401. [PMID: 32423691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) causes progressive asymmetry of the mandible. The aetiology of this growth disorder is unknown. A two-centre prospective study was established, and 10 consecutive adult UCH patients scheduled for high condylectomy were included. The resected condylar tissue was divided into two parts, one for regular histopathology and one for DNA extraction. A panel of eight selected overgrowth genes (AKT1, AKT3, MTOR, PIK3CA, PIK3R2, PTEN, TSC1, TSC2) were sequenced using next-generation sequencing, with coverage of a minimum 500 times in order to be able to detect low-grade mosaicisms. Subsequently, untargeted whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed to detect variants in other genes present in three or more patients. No mutation was detected in any of the overgrowth genes, and untargeted exome sequencing failed to detect any definitively causative variant in any other gene. Ten genes had a rare variant in three or more patients, but these cannot be designated as causative without additional functional studies. The hypothesis that the cause in at least some patients with UCH is a somatic mutation in a gene that controls cell growth could not be confirmed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Nolte
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC/Emma Children's Hospital, and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - M Alders
- Laboratory for Genome Diagnostics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L H E Karssemakers
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC/Emma Children's Hospital, and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A G Becking
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC/Emma Children's Hospital, and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | - R C M Hennekam
- Department of Paediatrics and Translational Genetics, Amsterdam UMC/Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Nolte JW, Alders M, Karssemakers LHE, Becking AG, Hennekam RCM. Unilateral condylar hyperplasia in hemifacial hyperplasia, is there genetic proof of overgrowth? Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 49:1464-1469. [PMID: 32249036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hemifacial hyperplasia (HFH) is characterized by an increase in volume of all affected tissues of half of the face. It is present at birth, subsequently grows proportionally, and stops growing before adulthood. Unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) consists of progressive asymmetric growth of the mandible and develops typically in early adulthood. Both disorders have an unknown aetiology. The overgrowth limited to one body part suggests somatic mosaicism, as this has been found in other similar localized overgrowth disorders. Often this includes a variant in a gene in the (PIK3CA)/PI3K/(PTEN)/AKT1/mTOR pathway. Here we report the case of an HFH patient with asymmetry present at birth, in whom a progressive growth pattern similar to UCH subsequently occurred, causing marked mandibular asymmetry. A condylectomy was successfully performed to stop the progressive growth. Somatic mosaicism for a mutation in PIK3CA was detected in the condylar tissue. This finding might indicate that both HFH and UCH can be caused by variants in genes in the (PIK3CA)/PI3K/(PTEN)/AKT1/mTOR pathway, similar to other disorders that result in asymmetrical bodily overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Nolte
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC/Emma Children's Hospital, and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - M Alders
- Laboratory of Genome Diagnostics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L H E Karssemakers
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC/Emma Children's Hospital, and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A G Becking
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC/Emma Children's Hospital, and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | - R C M Hennekam
- Department of Paediatrics and Translational Genetics, Amsterdam UMC/Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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13
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von Schnurbein J, Adams C, Akinci B, Ceccarini G, D'Apice MR, Gambineri A, Hennekam RCM, Jeru I, Lattanzi G, Miehle K, Nagel G, Novelli G, Santini F, Santos Silva E, Savage DB, Sbraccia P, Schaaf J, Sorkina E, Tanteles G, Vantyghem MC, Vatier C, Vigouroux C, Vorona E, Araújo-Vilar D, Wabitsch M. European lipodystrophy registry: background and structure. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:17. [PMID: 31941540 PMCID: PMC6964101 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-1295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipodystrophy syndromes comprise a group of extremely rare and heterogeneous diseases characterized by a selective loss of adipose tissue in the absence of nutritional deprivation or catabolic state. Because of the rarity of each lipodystrophy subform, research in this area is difficult and international co-operation mandatory. Therefore, in 2016, the European Consortium of Lipodystrophies (ECLip) decided to create a registry for patients with lipodystrophy. RESULTS The registry was build using the information technology Open Source Registry System for Rare Diseases in the EU (OSSE), an open-source software and toolbox. Lipodystrophy specific data forms were developed based on current knowledge of typical signs and symptoms of lipodystrophy. The platform complies with the new General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 2016/679 by ensuring patient pseudonymization, informational separation of powers, secure data storage and security of communication, user authentication, person specific access to data, and recording of access granted to any data. Inclusion criteria are all patients with any form of lipodystrophy (with the exception of HIV-associated lipodystrophy). So far 246 patients from nine centres (Amsterdam, Bologna, Izmir, Leipzig, Münster, Moscow, Pisa, Santiago de Compostela, Ulm) have been recruited. With the help from the six centres on the brink of recruitment (Cambridge, Lille, Nicosia, Paris, Porto, Rome) this number is expected to double within the next one or 2 years. CONCLUSIONS A European registry for all patients with lipodystrophy will provide a platform for improved research in the area of lipodystrophy. All physicians from Europe and neighbouring countries caring for patients with lipodystrophy are invited to participate in the ECLip Registry. STUDY REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03553420). Registered 14 March 2018, retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia von Schnurbein
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Centre for Rare Endocrine Disorders, Ulm University Medical Centre, Eythstraße 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Claire Adams
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Cambridge, UK
| | - Baris Akinci
- Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Giovanni Ceccarini
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrine Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Gambineri
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Medical Science, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Paediatrics, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Jeru
- Inserm U938, AP-HP, National Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Reproductive Endocrinology, and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Sorbonne University, Saint-Antoine University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Konstanze Miehle
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gabriele Nagel
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata - Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Neuromed IRCCS Institute, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Santini
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrine Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ermelinda Santos Silva
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Pediatrics Division, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte (CMIN), Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculdade de Farmácia do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - David B Savage
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paolo Sbraccia
- Internal Medicine Unit and Obesity Center, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Jannik Schaaf
- Medical Informatics Group, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - George Tanteles
- Clinical Genetics Clinic, Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, 1683, Nicosia, Republic of Cyprus
| | - Marie-Christine Vantyghem
- CHU Lille, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Inserm, Translational Research for Diabetes, UMR-1190, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, University of Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Camille Vatier
- Inserm U938, AP-HP, National Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Reproductive Endocrinology, and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Sorbonne University, Saint-Antoine University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Vigouroux
- Inserm U938, AP-HP, National Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Reproductive Endocrinology, and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Sorbonne University, Saint-Antoine University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Elena Vorona
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Medicine B of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Clinics of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - David Araújo-Vilar
- Thyroid and Metabolic Diseases Unit, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS)-IDIS, School of Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Barcelona 3, 15707, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Centre for Rare Endocrine Disorders, Ulm University Medical Centre, Eythstraße 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany.
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14
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Carey JC, Hennekam RCM, Lin AE, Barr M. M. Michael Cohen, Jr.: Author, diagnostician, geneticist, teacher, mentor, syndrome scholar extraordinaire (1937-2018). Am J Med Genet A 2018; 176:1703-1705. [PMID: 30055082 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John C Carey
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angela E Lin
- Genetics Unit, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mason Barr
- Teratology Unit, Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology and Obstetrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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15
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Klouwer FCC, Meester-Delver A, Vaz FM, Waterham HR, Hennekam RCM, Poll-The BT. Development and validation of a severity scoring system for Zellweger spectrum disorders. Clin Genet 2017; 93:613-621. [PMID: 28857144 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The lack of a validated severity scoring system for individuals with Zellweger spectrum disorders (ZSD) hampers optimal patient care and reliable research. Here, we describe the development of such severity score and its validation in a large, well-characterized cohort of ZSD individuals. We developed a severity scoring system based on the 14 organs that typically can be affected in ZSD. A standardized and validated method was used to classify additional care needs in individuals with neurodevelopmental disabilities (Capacity Profile [CAP]). Thirty ZSD patients of varying ages were scored by the severity score and the CAP. The median score was 9 (range 6-19) with a median scoring age of 16.0 years (range 2-36 years). The ZSD severity score was significantly correlated with all 5 domains of the CAP, most significantly with the sensory domain (r = 0.8971, P = <.0001). No correlation was found between age and severity score. Multiple peroxisomal biochemical parameters were significantly correlated with the severity score. The presently reported severity score for ZSD is a suitable tool to assess phenotypic severity in a ZSD patient at any age. This severity score can be used for objective phenotype descriptions, genotype-phenotype correlation studies, the identification of prognostic features in ZSD patients and for classification and stratification of patients in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- F C C Klouwer
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Meester-Delver
- Department of Rehabilitation, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H R Waterham
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R C M Hennekam
- Department of Paediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B T Poll-The
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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Wade EM, Jenkins ZA, Daniel PB, Morgan T, Addor MC, Adés LC, Bertola D, Bohring A, Carter E, Cho TJ, de Geus CM, Duba HC, Fletcher E, Hadzsiev K, Hennekam RCM, Kim CA, Krakow D, Morava E, Neuhann T, Sillence D, Superti-Furga A, Veenstra-Knol HE, Wieczorek D, Wilson LC, Markie DM, Robertson SP. Autosomal dominant frontometaphyseal dysplasia: Delineation of the clinical phenotype. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:1739-1746. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma M. Wade
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Zandra A. Jenkins
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Philip B. Daniel
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Tim Morgan
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Marie C. Addor
- Service de Génétique Médicale Maternité; CHUV Lausanne; Switzerland
| | - Lesley C. Adés
- Discipline of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney and Department of Clinical Genetics; The Children's Hospital,; Westmead Sydney Australia
| | - Debora Bertola
- Genetics Unity, Instituto da Criança; Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Axel Bohring
- Institut fur Humangenetik; Universitatsklinikum Munster; Germany
| | - Erin Carter
- Kathryn O. and Alan C. Greenberg Center for Skeletal Dysplasias; Hospital for Special Surgery; New York New York
| | - Tae-Joon Cho
- Division of Pediatric Orthopedics; Seoul National University Children's Hospital; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Christa M. de Geus
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen; University Medical Centre Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Hans-Christoph Duba
- Zentrum Medizinische Genetik Linz; Kepler Universitätsklinikum Medical Campus IV; Krankenhausstrasse Linz Austria
| | - Elaine Fletcher
- SE Scotland Clinical Genetics Service; Western General Hospital; Edinburgh United Kingdom
| | - Kinga Hadzsiev
- Department of Medical Genetics; University of Pécs; Pécs Hungary
| | - Raoul C. M. Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Chong A. Kim
- Genetics Unity, Instituto da Criança; Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Deborah Krakow
- David Geffen School of Medicine; UCLA; Los Angeles California
| | - Eva Morava
- Department of Pediatrics; University Hospital Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | | | - David Sillence
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Westmead Hospital, and Discipline of Genetic Medicine; Sydney Medical School; Sydney Australia
| | | | - Hermine E. Veenstra-Knol
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Dagmar Wieczorek
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Louise C. Wilson
- Clinical Genetics Unit; Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; London United Kingdom
| | - David M. Markie
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Stephen P. Robertson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
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17
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See P, Dutertre CA, Chen J, Günther P, McGovern N, Irac SE, Gunawan M, Beyer M, Händler K, Duan K, Sumatoh HRB, Ruffin N, Jouve M, Gea-Mallorquí E, Hennekam RCM, Lim T, Yip CC, Wen M, Malleret B, Low I, Shadan NB, Fen CFS, Tay A, Lum J, Zolezzi F, Larbi A, Poidinger M, Chan JKY, Chen Q, Rénia L, Haniffa M, Benaroch P, Schlitzer A, Schultze JL, Newell EW, Ginhoux F. Mapping the human DC lineage through the integration of high-dimensional techniques. Science 2017; 356:science.aag3009. [PMID: 28473638 DOI: 10.1126/science.aag3009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 364] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen-presenting cells that orchestrate immune responses. The human DC population comprises two main functionally specialized lineages, whose origins and differentiation pathways remain incompletely defined. Here, we combine two high-dimensional technologies-single-cell messenger RNA sequencing (scmRNAseq) and cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF)-to identify human blood CD123+CD33+CD45RA+ DC precursors (pre-DC). Pre-DC share surface markers with plasmacytoid DC (pDC) but have distinct functional properties that were previously attributed to pDC. Tracing the differentiation of DC from the bone marrow to the peripheral blood revealed that the pre-DC compartment contains distinct lineage-committed subpopulations, including one early uncommitted CD123high pre-DC subset and two CD45RA+CD123low lineage-committed subsets exhibiting functional differences. The discovery of multiple committed pre-DC populations opens promising new avenues for the therapeutic exploitation of DC subset-specific targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter See
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Charles-Antoine Dutertre
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore.,Program in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857 Singapore
| | - Jinmiao Chen
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Patrick Günther
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, 32115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Naomi McGovern
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Sergio Erdal Irac
- Program in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857 Singapore
| | - Merry Gunawan
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Marc Beyer
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, 32115 Bonn, Germany.,Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the University of Bonn, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kristian Händler
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, 32115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kaibo Duan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Hermi Rizal Bin Sumatoh
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Nicolas Ruffin
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, INSERM U 932, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Mabel Jouve
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, INSERM U 932, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Ester Gea-Mallorquí
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, INSERM U 932, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tony Lim
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Chan Chung Yip
- Department of Health Promotion Board (HPB) and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ming Wen
- Program in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857 Singapore
| | - Benoit Malleret
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ivy Low
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Nurhidaya Binte Shadan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Charlene Foong Shu Fen
- Singapore Health Services Flow Cytometry Core Platform, 20 College Road, The Academia, Discovery Tower Level 10, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Alicia Tay
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Josephine Lum
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Francesca Zolezzi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Michael Poidinger
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Jerry K Y Chan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore.,Department of Reproductive Medicine, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore.,Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore.,Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Humanized Mouse Unit, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Laurent Rénia
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Muzlifah Haniffa
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Philippe Benaroch
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, INSERM U 932, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Andreas Schlitzer
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore.,Myeloid Cell Biology, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, 32115 Bonn, Germany.,Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the University of Bonn, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Evan W Newell
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore.
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18
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van Kuilenburg ABP, Meijer J, Maurer D, Dobritzsch D, Meinsma R, Los M, Knegt LC, Zoetekouw L, Jansen RLH, Dezentjé V, van Huis-Tanja LH, van Kampen RJW, Hertz JM, Hennekam RCM. Severe fluoropyrimidine toxicity due to novel and rare DPYD missense mutations, deletion and genomic amplification affecting DPD activity and mRNA splicing. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1863:721-730. [PMID: 28024938 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is the initial and rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of 5-fluorouracil (5FU). Genetic variations in DPD have emerged as predictive risk factors for severe fluoropyrimidine toxicity. Here, we report novel and rare genetic variants underlying DPD deficiency in 9 cancer patients presenting with severe fluoropyrimidine-associated toxicity. All patients possessed a strongly reduced DPD activity, ranging from 9 to 53% of controls. Analysis of the DPD gene (DPYD) showed the presence of 21 variable sites including 4 novel and 4 very rare aberrations: 3 missense mutations, 2 splice-site mutations, 1 intronic mutation, a deletion of 21 nucleotides and a genomic amplification of exons 9-12. Two novel/rare variants (c.2843T>C, c.321+1G>A) were present in multiple, unrelated patients. Functional analysis of recombinantly-expressed DPD mutants carrying the p.I948T and p.G284V mutation showed residual DPD activities of 30% and 0.5%, respectively. Analysis of a DPD homology model indicated that the p.I948T and p.G284V mutations may affect electron transfer and the binding of FAD, respectively. cDNA analysis showed that the c.321+1G>A mutation in DPYD leads to skipping of exon 4 immediately upstream of the mutated splice-donor site in the process of DPD pre-mRNA splicing. A lethal toxicity in two DPD patients suggests that fluoropyrimidines combined with other therapies such as radiotherapy might be particularly toxic for DPD deficient patients. Our study advocates a more comprehensive genotyping approach combined with phenotyping strategies for upfront screening for DPD deficiency to ensure the safe administration of fluoropyrimidines.
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Affiliation(s)
- André B P van Kuilenburg
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital, Departments of Clinical Chemistry, Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Judith Meijer
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital, Departments of Clinical Chemistry, Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Maurer
- Uppsala University, Department of Chemistry, Biomedical Center, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Doreen Dobritzsch
- Uppsala University, Department of Chemistry, Biomedical Center, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rutger Meinsma
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital, Departments of Clinical Chemistry, Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje Los
- St. Antonius Hospital, Department of Oncology, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Lia C Knegt
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital, Departments of Clinical Chemistry, Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lida Zoetekouw
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital, Departments of Clinical Chemistry, Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob L H Jansen
- Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Oncology, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Dezentjé
- Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Department of Clinical Oncology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | | | - Roel J W van Kampen
- Zuyderland Medical Center, Department of Oncology, Sittard-Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Jens Michael Hertz
- Odense University Hospital, Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital, Departments of Clinical Chemistry, Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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Stalman SE, Hellinga I, van Dommelen P, Hennekam RCM, Saari A, Sankilampi U, Dunkel L, Wit JM, Kamp GA, Plötz FB. Application of the Dutch, Finnish and British Screening Guidelines in a Cohort of Children with Growth Failure. Horm Res Paediatr 2016; 84:376-82. [PMID: 26448202 DOI: 10.1159/000440652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate three guidelines for selecting short children for diagnostic workup in a general pediatric clinic. METHODS All patients (n = 131) aged 3.00-9.99 years who were referred for growth failure to a general pediatric clinic were evaluated for their medical history and growth and examined. All of them underwent the same standardized diagnostic workup. Retrospectively, the criteria for the diagnostic workup from three guidelines (proposed in the Netherlands, Finland and the UK) were applied, and their sensitivity was assessed. A Dutch reference sample (n = 958) was used for calculating population specificity. RESULTS In 23 patients (17.6%), a pathological cause of their growth failure was found. The sensitivity of the original Dutch, Finnish and British guidelines was 73.9, 78.3 and 56.5% and their specificity 98.5, 83.7 and 95.8%, respectively. When adding recent growth deflection to the Dutch guideline, sensitivity increased to 87%, but specificity decreased markedly (to 87%). CONCLUSION The proposed cutoff values for height standard deviation score and distance to target height/mid-parental height, as used in the Netherlands and Finland, are effective for population growth monitoring, and superior to the monitoring algorithm in the UK. Growth deflection irrespective of height is an important sign of acquired growth disorders, but its specificity is too low for population screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne E Stalman
- Department of Pediatrics, Tergooi Hospitals, Blaricum, The Netherlands
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20
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Hopman SMJ, Merks JHM, Suttie M, Hennekam RCM, Hammond P. 3D morphometry aids facial analysis of individuals with a childhood cancer. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:2905-2915. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saskia M. J. Hopman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology; Emma Children's Hospital; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Johannes H. M. Merks
- Department of Pediatric Oncology; Emma Children's Hospital; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Michael Suttie
- Genetics & Genomic Medicine; UCL Institute of Child Health; London United Kingdom
| | - Raoul C. M. Hennekam
- Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics; Emma Children's Hospital; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Peter Hammond
- Genetics & Genomic Medicine; UCL Institute of Child Health; London United Kingdom
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21
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Mitchell C, Ploem MC, Hennekam RCM, Kaye J. A Duty To Warn Relatives in Clinical Genetics: Arguably 'Fair just and reasonable' in English Law? Tottels J Prof Neglig 2016; 32:120-136. [PMID: 27478488 PMCID: PMC4962911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of 'next-generation' genetic sequencing technology that allows the sequencing of large parts, or even the entirety, of a patient's genome is advancing rapidly in the UK and around the world. This is set to greatly increase the level of health information that will be of relevance to relatives and the latest medical guidance advises that there is a professional duty to consider warning a patient's relatives of a serious genetic risk in limited circumstances. However, the High Court in ABC v St George's Healthcare NHS Trust [2015] EWHC 1394 (QB), recently found that a legal duty on the part of doctors to warn a patient's daughter of a genetic risk of Huntington's Disease without the patient's consent, was not even 'reasonably arguable' and would not be 'fair, just and reasonable'. This article considers the courts' approach to a duty of care towards 'third parties' in this context and concludes that some form of a duty of care to genetic relatives in clinical genetics is at very least arguably 'fair, just and reasonable'.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mitchell
- Researcher in Law, Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies
(HeLEX), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Ewert
House, Ewert Place, Oxford OX2 7DD
| | - M C Ploem
- Academic Legal Researcher, Department of Public Health,
Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 22660, Amsterdam,
Netherlands
| | - R C M Hennekam
- Professor of Paediatrics and Translational Genetics,
Department of Paediatrics, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, PO Box
22660, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J Kaye
- Professor of Health Law and Policy, Centre for Health, Law and
Emerging Technologies (HeLEX), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University
of Oxford, Ewert House, Ewert Place, Oxford OX2 7DD. JK is funded under Wellcome
Trust Award 096599/2/11/Z. The views expressed in this publication are those of the
authors and not those of any supporting institutions
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22
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Menke LA, van Belzen MJ, Alders M, Cristofoli F, Ehmke N, Fergelot P, Foster A, Gerkes EH, Hoffer MJV, Horn D, Kant SG, Lacombe D, Leon E, Maas SM, Melis D, Muto V, Park SM, Peeters H, Peters DJM, Pfundt R, van Ravenswaaij-Arts CMA, Tartaglia M, Hennekam RCM. CREBBP mutations in individuals without Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome phenotype. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:2681-93. [PMID: 27311832 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in CREBBP cause Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. By using exome sequencing, and by using Sanger in one patient, CREBBP mutations were detected in 11 patients who did not, or only in a very limited manner, resemble Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. The combined facial signs typical for Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome were absent, none had broad thumbs, and three had only somewhat broad halluces. All had apparent developmental delay (being the reason for molecular analysis); five had short stature and seven had microcephaly. The facial characteristics were variable; main characteristics were short palpebral fissures, telecanthi, depressed nasal ridge, short nose, anteverted nares, short columella, and long philtrum. Six patients had autistic behavior, and two had self-injurious behavior. Other symptoms were recurrent upper airway infections (n = 5), feeding problems (n = 7) and impaired hearing (n = 7). Major malformations occurred infrequently. All patients had a de novo missense mutation in the last part of exon 30 or beginning of exon 31 of CREBBP, between base pairs 5,128 and 5,614 (codons 1,710 and 1,872). No missense or truncating mutations in this region have been described to be associated with the classical Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome phenotype. No functional studies have (yet) been performed, but we hypothesize that the mutations disturb protein-protein interactions by altering zinc finger function. We conclude that patients with missense mutations in this specific CREBBP region show a phenotype that differs substantially from that in patients with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome, and may prove to constitute one (or more) separate entities. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie A Menke
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martine J van Belzen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marielle Alders
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Cristofoli
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Nadja Ehmke
- Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patricia Fergelot
- Department of Genetics, and INSERM U1211, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alison Foster
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Clinical Genetics Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Erica H Gerkes
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte J V Hoffer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Denise Horn
- Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarina G Kant
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Didier Lacombe
- Department of Genetics, and INSERM U1211, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Eyby Leon
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Saskia M Maas
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniela Melis
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Muto
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Soo-Mi Park
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hilde Peeters
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dorien J M Peters
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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23
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de Winter CF, Baas M, Bijlsma EK, van Heukelingen J, Routledge S, Hennekam RCM. Phenotype and natural history in 101 individuals with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome through an internet questionnaire system. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2016; 11:37. [PMID: 27072915 PMCID: PMC4830011 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-016-0422-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pitt-Hopkins syndrome (PTHS; MIM# 610954) is a genetically determined entity mainly caused by mutations in TransCription Factor 4 (TCF4). We have developed a new way to collect information on (ultra-)rare disorders through a web-based database which we call ‘waihonapedia’ (waihona [meaning treasure in Hawaiian] encyclopaedia). Methods We have built a waihonapedia system in a collaboration between physicians, social scientists, and parent support groups. The system consists of an initial extensive questionnaire for background cross-sectional data, and subsequent follow-up using small questionnaires, with a particular focus on behavioural aspects. The system was built to be used through the internet, ensuring a secure environment, respecting privacy for participants, and acting automated to allow for low costs and limiting human mistakes in data handling. Recruitment of participants is through the patient support groups. In addition, as a sub-study, we used the data from the waihonapedia system to compare the two proposed diagnostic classification systems for PTHS. Results We present here the results of the initial, cross-sectional questionnaire in which early development, physical health, cognition and behaviour are interrogated, and to which modules specific for PTHS were added on epilepsy and breathing patterns. We describe 101 individuals with a molecularly confirmed diagnosis of PTHS. Comparison of the two classification systems aimed at helping the clinical diagnosis was performed in 47 of the present PTHS individuals, with disappointing results for both. Internationally accepted clinical diagnostic criteria are needed. Conclusion The present cross-sectional data on the natural history of PTHS have yielded useful information which will further increase when follow-up data will be added. No doubt this will improve both care and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Channa F de Winter
- Reinaerde, Organisation for people with intellectual disabilities, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie Baas
- Department of Paediatrics and Translational Genetics, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emilia K Bijlsma
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Paediatrics and Translational Genetics, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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24
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Stalman SE, Hellinga I, Wit JM, Hennekam RCM, Kamp GA, Plötz FB. Growth failure in adolescents: etiology, the role of pubertal timing and most useful criteria for diagnostic workup. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2016; 29:465-73. [PMID: 26812776 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2015-0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to evaluate the etiology, the role of pubertal timing and most useful criteria for diagnostic workup in adolescents with growth failure. METHODS Adolescents (n=182) aged 10.0-18.0 years underwent a standardized diagnostic protocol. Constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) was defined as late pubertal onset or a Tanner stage less than -2 SDS. Dutch and Finnish criteria for growth monitoring were retrospectively assessed. RESULTS In 13 children (7.1%) a specific diagnosis could be established. CDGP was diagnosed in 10% of patients aged ≥13 (girls) or ≥14 years (boys). Sensitivity to detect pathologic causes was 85% and 62% for, respectively Dutch and Finnish criteria for growth monitoring as used in younger children, but specificity was low (55%-59%). CONCLUSIONS In adolescents, pathological causes for growth failure and pubertal delay are common, and we recommend a combination of height SDS, distance to THSDS and growth deflection for deciding on further diagnostic testing.
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25
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Bennett JT, Tan TY, Alcantara D, Tétrault M, Timms AE, Jensen D, Collins S, Nowaczyk MJM, Lindhurst MJ, Christensen KM, Braddock SR, Brandling-Bennett H, Hennekam RCM, Chung B, Lehman A, Su J, Ng S, Amor DJ, Majewski J, Biesecker LG, Boycott KM, Dobyns WB, O'Driscoll M, Moog U, McDonell LM. Mosaic Activating Mutations in FGFR1 Cause Encephalocraniocutaneous Lipomatosis. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 98:579-587. [PMID: 26942290 PMCID: PMC4800051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis (ECCL) is a sporadic condition characterized by ocular, cutaneous, and central nervous system anomalies. Key clinical features include a well-demarcated hairless fatty nevus on the scalp, benign ocular tumors, and central nervous system lipomas. Seizures, spasticity, and intellectual disability can be present, although affected individuals without seizures and with normal intellect have also been reported. Given the patchy and asymmetric nature of the malformations, ECCL has been hypothesized to be due to a post-zygotic, mosaic mutation. Despite phenotypic overlap with several other disorders associated with mutations in the RAS-MAPK and PI3K-AKT pathways, the molecular etiology of ECCL remains unknown. Using exome sequencing of DNA from multiple affected tissues from five unrelated individuals with ECCL, we identified two mosaic mutations, c.1638C>A (p.Asn546Lys) and c.1966A>G (p.Lys656Glu) within the tyrosine kinase domain of FGFR1, in two affected individuals each. These two residues are the most commonly mutated residues in FGFR1 in human cancers and are associated primarily with CNS tumors. Targeted resequencing of FGFR1 in multiple tissues from an independent cohort of individuals with ECCL identified one additional individual with a c.1638C>A (p.Asn546Lys) mutation in FGFR1. Functional studies of ECCL fibroblast cell lines show increased levels of phosphorylated FGFRs and phosphorylated FRS2, a direct substrate of FGFR1, as well as constitutive activation of RAS-MAPK signaling. In addition to identifying the molecular etiology of ECCL, our results support the emerging overlap between mosaic developmental disorders and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James T Bennett
- Department of Pediatrics (Genetics), University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Tiong Yang Tan
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Diana Alcantara
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton BN19RQ, UK
| | - Martine Tétrault
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A0G4 Canada
| | - Andrew E Timms
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Dana Jensen
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Sarah Collins
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Malgorzata J M Nowaczyk
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4J9, Canada
| | - Marjorie J Lindhurst
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Katherine M Christensen
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Stephen R Braddock
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Heather Brandling-Bennett
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine (Dermatology), University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Brian Chung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anna Lehman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H3N1, Canada
| | - John Su
- Monash University, Eastern Health, Department of Dermatology, Box Hill, VIC 3128, Australia
| | - SuYuen Ng
- Monash University, Eastern Health, Department of Dermatology, Box Hill, VIC 3128, Australia
| | - David J Amor
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Jacek Majewski
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A0G4 Canada
| | - Les G Biesecker
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kym M Boycott
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H5B2, Canada
| | - William B Dobyns
- Department of Pediatrics (Genetics), University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Mark O'Driscoll
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton BN19RQ, UK.
| | - Ute Moog
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Laura M McDonell
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H5B2, Canada
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Kuilenburg ABPV, Meijer J, Tanck MWT, Dobritzsch D, Zoetekouw L, Dekkers LL, Roelofsen J, Meinsma R, Wymenga M, Kulik W, Büchel B, Hennekam RCM, Largiadèr CR. Phenotypic and clinical implications of variants in the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:754-762. [PMID: 26804652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is the initial and rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of the pyrimidine bases uracil, thymine and the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil. Genetic variations in the gene encoding DPD (DPYD) have emerged as predictive risk alleles for 5FU-associated toxicity. Here we report an in-depth analysis of genetic variants in DPYD and their consequences for DPD activity and pyrimidine metabolites in 100 Dutch healthy volunteers. 34 SNPs were detected in DPYD and 15 SNPs were associated with altered plasma concentrations of pyrimidine metabolites. DPD activity was significantly associated with the plasma concentrations of uracil, the presence of a specific DPYD mutation (c.1905+1G>A) and the combined presence of three risk variants in DPYD (c.1905+1G>A, c.1129-5923C>G, c.2846A>T), but not with an altered uracil/dihydrouracil (U/UH2) ratio. Various haplotypes were associated with different DPD activities (haplotype D3, a decreased DPD activity; haplotype F2, an increased DPD activity). Functional analysis of eight recombinant mutant DPD enzymes showed a reduced DPD activity, ranging from 35% to 84% of the wild-type enzyme. Analysis of a DPD homology model indicated that the structural effect of the novel p.G401R mutation is most likely minor. The clinical relevance of the p.D949V mutation was demonstrated in a cancer patient heterozygous for the c.2846A>T mutation and a novel nonsense mutation c.1681C>T (p.R561X), experiencing severe grade IV toxicity. Our studies showed that the endogenous levels of uracil and the U/UH2 ratio are poor predictors of an impaired DPD activity. Loading studies with uracil to identify patients with a DPD deficiency warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- André B P van Kuilenburg
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry, Pediatrics, Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Judith Meijer
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry, Pediatrics, Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael W T Tanck
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry, Pediatrics, Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Doreen Dobritzsch
- Department of Chemistry, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lida Zoetekouw
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry, Pediatrics, Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jeroen Roelofsen
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry, Pediatrics, Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rutger Meinsma
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry, Pediatrics, Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Machteld Wymenga
- Department of Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Kulik
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry, Pediatrics, Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Büchel
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry, Pediatrics, Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo R Largiadèr
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Kranendonk EJ, Ploem MC, Hennekam RCM. Regulating biobanking with children's tissue: a legal analysis and the experts' view. Eur J Hum Genet 2016; 24:30-6. [PMID: 25873015 PMCID: PMC4795222 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2015.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Many current paediatric studies concern relationships between genes and environment and discuss aetiology, treatment and prevention of Mendelian and multifactorial diseases. Many of these studies depend on collection and long-term storage of data and biological material from affected children in biobanks. Stored material is a source of personal information of the donor and his family and could be used in an undesirable context, potentially leading to discrimination and interfering with a child's right to an open future. Here, we address the normative framework regarding biobanking with residual tissue of children, protecting the privacy interests of young biobank donors (0-12 years). We analyse relevant legal documents concerning storage and use of children's material for research purposes. We explore the views of 17 Dutch experts involved in paediatric biobank research and focus on informed consent for donation of leftover tissue as well as disclosure of individual research findings resulting from biobank research. The results of this analysis show that experts have no clear consensus about the appropriate rules for storage of and research with children's material in biobanks. Development of a framework that provides a fair balance between fundamental paediatric research and privacy protection is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elcke J Kranendonk
- Department of Public Health, AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Corrette Ploem
- Department of Public Health, AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Departments of Paediatrics and Translational Genetics, AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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28
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Stalman SE, Kamp GA, Hendriks YMC, Hennekam RCM, Rotteveel J. Positive effect of growth hormone treatment in maternal uniparental disomy chromosome 14. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2015; 83:671-6. [PMID: 26119964 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 14 (matUPD(14)) resembles Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). As positive effects of growth hormone (GH) are observed in individuals with PWS, treatment with GH may be useful in individuals with matUPD(14) as well. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of GH treatment on growth and body composition in children with matUPD(14). DESIGN This is a prospective observational study of GH treatment in two girls with matUPD(14) during 2 years, and spontaneous growth in another matUPD(14) girl of similar age. PATIENTS Three girls (patient A, B and C, aged 8·9, 11·4 and 12·7 years, respectively) with matUPD(14) were included in this study. MEASUREMENTS Patients A and B were treated with GH during 2 years. Patient C was not treated with GH, as she was diagnosed at an age at which she attained near-final height. Main outcome measures included height, weight, body proportions, IGF-1, bone age, and DXA scan for body composition. RESULTS In both treated girls, a considerable increase in height (from -2·3SD and -1·2SD to -1·2SD and -0·6SD, respectively) and IGF-1 levels (from +0·1SD and -1·4SD to +1·3SD and +0·9SD, respectively) and, in patient A, a decrease in weight (+1·2 SD to -0·7SD), and improved body composition (fat percentage from 51·5% to 45·4%) were found. Both experienced improved muscle strength. CONCLUSIONS GH treatment in matUPD(14) cases can show beneficial effects on growth and body composition if started in time. Larger, international studies to determine detailed effectivity and side effects are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne E Stalman
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Tergooi Hospitals, Blaricum, the Netherlands
| | - Gerdine A Kamp
- Department of Pediatrics, Tergooi Hospitals, Blaricum, the Netherlands
| | - Yvonne M C Hendriks
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joost Rotteveel
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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29
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Sousa SB, Ramos F, Garcia P, Pais RP, Paiva C, Beales PL, Moore GE, Saraiva JM, Hennekam RCM. Intellectual disability, coarse face, relative macrocephaly, and cerebellar hypotrophy in two sisters. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 164A:10-4. [PMID: 24501761 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report on two Portuguese sisters with a very similar phenotype characterized by severe intellectual disability, absent speech, relative macrocephaly, coarse face, cerebellar hypotrophy, and severe ataxia. Additional common features include increased thickness of the cranial vault, delayed dental eruption, talipes equino-varus, clinodactyly, and camptodactyly of the fifth finger. The older sister has retinal dystrophy and the younger sister has short stature. Their parents are consanguineous. We suggest this condition constitutes a previously unreported autosomal recessive entity.
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30
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Gil-Rodríguez MC, Deardorff MA, Ansari M, Tan CA, Parenti I, Baquero-Montoya C, Ousager LB, Puisac B, Hernández-Marcos M, Teresa-Rodrigo ME, Marcos-Alcalde I, Wesselink JJ, Lusa-Bernal S, Bijlsma EK, Braunholz D, Bueno-Martinez I, Clark D, Cooper NS, Curry CJ, Fisher R, Fryer A, Ganesh J, Gervasini C, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Guo Y, Hakonarson H, Hopkin RJ, Kaur M, Keating BJ, Kibaek M, Kinning E, Kleefstra T, Kline AD, Kuchinskaya E, Larizza L, Li YR, Liu X, Mariani M, Picker JD, Pié Á, Pozojevic J, Queralt E, Richer J, Roeder E, Sinha A, Scott RH, So J, Wusik KA, Wilson L, Zhang J, Gómez-Puertas P, Casale CH, Ström L, Selicorni A, Ramos FJ, Jackson LG, Krantz ID, Das S, Hennekam RCM, Kaiser FJ, FitzPatrick DR, Pié J. De novo heterozygous mutations in SMC3 cause a range of Cornelia de Lange syndrome-overlapping phenotypes. Hum Mutat 2015; 36:454-62. [PMID: 25655089 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is characterized by facial dysmorphism, growth failure, intellectual disability, limb malformations, and multiple organ involvement. Mutations in five genes, encoding subunits of the cohesin complex (SMC1A, SMC3, RAD21) and its regulators (NIPBL, HDAC8), account for at least 70% of patients with CdLS or CdLS-like phenotypes. To date, only the clinical features from a single CdLS patient with SMC3 mutation has been published. Here, we report the efforts of an international research and clinical collaboration to provide clinical comparison of 16 patients with CdLS-like features caused by mutations in SMC3. Modeling of the mutation effects on protein structure suggests a dominant-negative effect on the multimeric cohesin complex. When compared with typical CdLS, many SMC3-associated phenotypes are also characterized by postnatal microcephaly but with a less distinctive craniofacial appearance, a milder prenatal growth retardation that worsens in childhood, few congenital heart defects, and an absence of limb deficiencies. While most mutations are unique, two unrelated affected individuals shared the same mutation but presented with different phenotypes. This work confirms that de novo SMC3 mutations account for ∼ 1%-2% of CdLS-like phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Concepción Gil-Rodríguez
- Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Departments of Pharmacology-Physiology and Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV and ISS-Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain
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31
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Terhal PA, Nievelstein RJAJ, Verver EJJ, Topsakal V, van Dommelen P, Hoornaert K, Le Merrer M, Zankl A, Simon MEH, Smithson SF, Marcelis C, Kerr B, Clayton-Smith J, Kinning E, Mansour S, Elmslie F, Goodwin L, van der Hout AH, Veenstra-Knol HE, Herkert JC, Lund AM, Hennekam RCM, Mégarbané A, Lees MM, Wilson LC, Male A, Hurst J, Alanay Y, Annerén G, Betz RC, Bongers EMHF, Cormier-Daire V, Dieux A, David A, Elting MW, van den Ende J, Green A, van Hagen JM, Hertel NT, Holder-Espinasse M, den Hollander N, Homfray T, Hove HD, Price S, Raas-Rothschild A, Rohrbach M, Schroeter B, Suri M, Thompson EM, Tobias ES, Toutain A, Vreeburg M, Wakeling E, Knoers NV, Coucke P, Mortier GR. A study of the clinical and radiological features in a cohort of 93 patients with aCOL2A1mutation causing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita or a related phenotype. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:461-75. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulien A. Terhal
- Department of Medical Genetics; University Medical Centre Utrecht; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | | | - Eva J. J. Verver
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery; Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience; University Medical Centre Utrecht; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Vedat Topsakal
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery; Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience; University Medical Centre Utrecht; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Martine Le Merrer
- Department of Genetics, INSERM UMR_1163, Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute; Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades; Paris France
| | - Andreas Zankl
- Academic Department of Medical Genetics; Discipline of Genetic Medicine, The University of Sydney; Sydney Children's Hospital Network (Westmead); Sydney Australia
| | - Marleen E. H. Simon
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Erasmus Medical Centre; University Medical Centre; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Sarah F. Smithson
- Department of Clinical Genetics; St. Michael's Hospital; Bristol United Kingdom
| | - Carlo Marcelis
- Department of Human Genetics; Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences; Institute for Genetic and Metabolic Disease; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Bronwyn Kerr
- Manchester Centre For Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester; St Mary's Hospital; Manchester United Kingdom
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Manchester Centre For Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester; St Mary's Hospital; Manchester United Kingdom
| | - Esther Kinning
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Southern General Hospital; Glasgow United Kingdom
| | - Sahar Mansour
- SW Thames Regional Genetics Service; St George's NHS Trust; London United Kingdom
| | - Frances Elmslie
- SW Thames Regional Genetics Service; St George's NHS Trust; London United Kingdom
| | - Linda Goodwin
- Department of Genetics; Nepean Hospital; Penrith Australia
| | | | | | - Johanna C. Herkert
- Department of Genetics; University Medical Centre Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Allan M. Lund
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases; Department of Clinical Genetics; Copenhagen University Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Raoul C. M. Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics; Academic Medical Centre; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - André Mégarbané
- Unité de Génétique Médicale et Laboratoire Associé Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR-S910; Université Saint-Joseph; Beirut Lebanon
| | - Melissa M. Lees
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Great Ormond Street Hospital; London United Kingdom
| | - Louise C. Wilson
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Great Ormond Street Hospital; London United Kingdom
| | - Alison Male
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Great Ormond Street Hospital; London United Kingdom
| | - Jane Hurst
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Great Ormond Street Hospital; London United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Churchill Hospital; Oxford United Kingdom
| | - Yasemin Alanay
- Pediatric Genetics Unit; Department of Pediatrics; Acibadem University School of Medicine; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Göran Annerén
- Department of Immunology; Genetics and Pathology; Science for Life Laboratory; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Regina C. Betz
- Institute of Human Genetics; University of Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - Ernie M. H. F. Bongers
- Department of Human Genetics; Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences; Institute for Genetic and Metabolic Disease; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Valerie Cormier-Daire
- Department of Genetics, INSERM UMR_1163, Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute; Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades; Paris France
| | - Anne Dieux
- Service de Génétique Clinique; Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre; Lille France
| | - Albert David
- Service de Génétique Médicale; CHU de Nantes; Nantes France
| | - Mariet W. Elting
- Department of Clinical Genetics; VU University Medical Centre; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Jenneke van den Ende
- Department of Medical Genetics; Antwerp University Hospital; University of Antwerp; Edegem Belgium
| | - Andrew Green
- National Centre for Medical Genetics and School of Medicine and Medical Science; University College Dublin, Our Lady's Hospital Crumlin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Johanna M. van Hagen
- Department of Clinical Genetics; VU University Medical Centre; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Niels Thomas Hertel
- H.C. Andersen Children's Hospital; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | - Muriel Holder-Espinasse
- Service de Génétique Clinique; Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre; Lille France
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Guy's Hospital; London United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Hanne D. Hove
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Susan Price
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Churchill Hospital; Oxford United Kingdom
| | - Annick Raas-Rothschild
- Institute of Medical Genetics; Meir Medical Centre, Kfar Saba, and Sackler School of Medicine Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Marianne Rohrbach
- Division of Metabolism, Children's Research Centre, Connective Tissue Unit; University Children's Hospital Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | | | - Mohnish Suri
- Nottingham Clinical Genetics Service, City Hospital Campus; Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust; Nottingham United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth M. Thompson
- SA Clinical Genetics, SA Pathology at the Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia and Department of Paediatrics; University of Adelaide; Adelaide North Terrace, South Australia
| | - Edward S. Tobias
- Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Coll Med Vet and Life Sci; University of Glasgow; Glasgow Scotland
| | | | - Maaike Vreeburg
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Maastricht University Medical Centre; Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Emma Wakeling
- North West Thames Regional Genetic Service; North West London Hospitals NHS Trust; London United Kingdom
| | - Nine V. Knoers
- Department of Medical Genetics; University Medical Centre Utrecht; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Paul Coucke
- Department of Medical Genetics; Ghent University Hospital; Ghent Belgium
- Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Geert R. Mortier
- Department of Medical Genetics; Antwerp University Hospital; University of Antwerp; Edegem Belgium
- Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
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32
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Groen JL, Andrade A, Ritz K, Jalalzadeh H, Haagmans M, Bradley TEJ, Jongejan A, Verbeek DS, Nürnberg P, Denome S, Hennekam RCM, Lipscombe D, Baas F, Tijssen MAJ. CACNA1B mutation is linked to unique myoclonus-dystonia syndrome. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 24:987-93. [PMID: 25296916 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Using exome sequencing and linkage analysis in a three-generation family with a unique dominant myoclonus-dystonia-like syndrome with cardiac arrhythmias, we identified a mutation in the CACNA1B gene, coding for neuronal voltage-gated calcium channels CaV2.2. This mutation (c.4166G>A;p.Arg1389His) is a disruptive missense mutation in the outer region of the ion pore. The functional consequences of the identified mutation were studied using whole-cell and single-channel patch recordings. High-resolution analyses at the single-channel level showed that, when open, R1389H CaV2.2 channels carried less current compared with WT channels. Other biophysical channel properties were unaltered in R1389H channels including ion selectivity, voltage-dependent activation or voltage-dependent inactivation. CaV2.2 channels regulate transmitter release at inhibitory and excitatory synapses. Functional changes could be consistent with a gain-of-function causing the observed hyperexcitability characteristic of this unique myoclonus-dystonia-like syndrome associated with cardiac arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justus L Groen
- Department of Neurology, Department of Genome Analysis and Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arturo Andrade
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence RI 02912, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Aldo Jongejan
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics and
| | | | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sylvia Denome
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence RI 02912, USA
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diane Lipscombe
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence RI 02912, USA
| | | | - Marina A J Tijssen
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands and
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Chen BC, Mohd Rawi R, Meinsma R, Meijer J, Hennekam RCM, van Kuilenburg ABP. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency in two malaysian siblings with abnormal MRI findings. Mol Syndromol 2014; 5:299-303. [PMID: 25565930 DOI: 10.1159/000366074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder of the pyrimidine metabolism. Deficiency of this enzyme leads to an accumulation of thymine and uracil and a deficiency of metabolites distal to the catabolic enzyme. The disorder presents with a wide clinical spectrum, ranging from asymptomatic to severe neurological manifestations, including intellectual disability, seizures, microcephaly, autistic behavior, and eye abnormalities. Here, we report on an 11-year-old Malaysian girl and her 6-year-old brother with DPD deficiency who presented with intellectual disability, microcephaly, and hypotonia. Brain MRI scans showed generalized cerebral and cerebellar atrophy and callosal body dysgenesis in the boy. Urine analysis showed strongly elevated levels of uracil in the girl and boy (571 and 578 mmol/mol creatinine, respectively) and thymine (425 and 427 mmol/mol creatinine, respectively). Sequence analysis of the DPYD gene showed that both siblings were homozygous for the mutation c.1651G>A (pAla551Thr).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee Chin Chen
- Department of Genetics, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rowani Mohd Rawi
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sciences Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Rutger Meinsma
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseasess, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Meijer
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseasess, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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van de Kar AL, Houge G, Shaw AC, de Jong D, van Belzen MJ, Peters DJM, Hennekam RCM. Keloids in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome: a clinical study. Br J Dermatol 2014; 171:615-21. [PMID: 25132000 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a multiple congenital anomalies-intellectual disability syndrome. One of the complications is keloid formation. Keloids are proliferative fibrous growths resulting from excessive tissue response to skin trauma. OBJECTIVES To describe the clinical characteristics of keloids in individuals with RSTS reported in the literature and in a cohort of personally evaluated individuals with RSTS. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a literature search for descriptions of RSTS individuals with keloids. All known individuals with RSTS in the Netherlands filled out three dedicated questionnaires. All individuals with (possible) keloids were personally evaluated. A further series of individuals with RSTS from the U.K. was personally evaluated. RESULTS Reliable data were available for 62 of the 83 Dutch individuals with RSTS and showed 15 individuals with RSTS (24%) to have keloids. The 15 Dutch and 12 U.K. individuals with RSTS with keloids demonstrated that most patients have multiple keloids (n > 1: 82%; n > 5: 30%). Mean age of onset is 11·9 years. The majority of keloids are located on the shoulders and chest. The mean length × width of the largest keloid was 7·1 × 2·8 cm, and the mean thickness was 0·7 cm. All affected individuals complained of itching. Generally, treatment results were disappointing. CONCLUSIONS Keloids occur in 24% of individuals with RSTS, either spontaneously or after a minor trauma, usually starting in early puberty. Management schedules have disappointing results. RSTS is a Mendelian disorder with a known molecular basis, and offers excellent opportunities to study the pathogenesis of keloids in general and to search for possible treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L van de Kar
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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35
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Ansari M, Poke G, Ferry Q, Williamson K, Aldridge R, Meynert AM, Bengani H, Chan CY, Kayserili H, Avci S, Hennekam RCM, Lampe AK, Redeker E, Homfray T, Ross A, Falkenberg Smeland M, Mansour S, Parker MJ, Cook JA, Splitt M, Fisher RB, Fryer A, Magee AC, Wilkie A, Barnicoat A, Brady AF, Cooper NS, Mercer C, Deshpande C, Bennett CP, Pilz DT, Ruddy D, Cilliers D, Johnson DS, Josifova D, Rosser E, Thompson EM, Wakeling E, Kinning E, Stewart F, Flinter F, Girisha KM, Cox H, Firth HV, Kingston H, Wee JS, Hurst JA, Clayton-Smith J, Tolmie J, Vogt J, Tatton-Brown K, Chandler K, Prescott K, Wilson L, Behnam M, McEntagart M, Davidson R, Lynch SA, Sisodiya S, Mehta SG, McKee SA, Mohammed S, Holden S, Park SM, Holder SE, Harrison V, McConnell V, Lam WK, Green AJ, Donnai D, Bitner-Glindzicz M, Donnelly DE, Nellåker C, Taylor MS, FitzPatrick DR. Genetic heterogeneity in Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) and CdLS-like phenotypes with observed and predicted levels of mosaicism. J Med Genet 2014; 51:659-68. [PMID: 25125236 PMCID: PMC4173748 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2014-102573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a multisystem disorder with distinctive facial appearance, intellectual disability and growth failure as prominent features. Most individuals with typical CdLS have de novo heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in NIPBL with mosaic individuals representing a significant proportion. Mutations in other cohesin components, SMC1A, SMC3, HDAC8 and RAD21 cause less typical CdLS. METHODS We screened 163 affected individuals for coding region mutations in the known genes, 90 for genomic rearrangements, 19 for deep intronic variants in NIPBL and 5 had whole-exome sequencing. RESULTS Pathogenic mutations [including mosaic changes] were identified in: NIPBL 46 [3] (28.2%); SMC1A 5 [1] (3.1%); SMC3 5 [1] (3.1%); HDAC8 6 [0] (3.6%) and RAD21 1 [0] (0.6%). One individual had a de novo 1.3 Mb deletion of 1p36.3. Another had a 520 kb duplication of 12q13.13 encompassing ESPL1, encoding separase, an enzyme that cleaves the cohesin ring. Three de novo mutations were identified in ANKRD11 demonstrating a phenotypic overlap with KBG syndrome. To estimate the number of undetected mosaic cases we used recursive partitioning to identify discriminating features in the NIPBL-positive subgroup. Filtering of the mutation-negative group on these features classified at least 18% as 'NIPBL-like'. A computer composition of the average face of this NIPBL-like subgroup was also more typical in appearance than that of all others in the mutation-negative group supporting the existence of undetected mosaic cases. CONCLUSIONS Future diagnostic testing in 'mutation-negative' CdLS thus merits deeper sequencing of multiple DNA samples derived from different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morad Ansari
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gemma Poke
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Quentin Ferry
- Visual Geometry Group, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Medical Research Council Functional Genomics Unit, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kathleen Williamson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Roland Aldridge
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alison M Meynert
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hemant Bengani
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cheng Yee Chan
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hülya Kayserili
- Medical Genetics Department, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sahin Avci
- Medical Genetics Department, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne K Lampe
- South East of Scotland Clinical Genetic Service, Molecular Medicine Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Egbert Redeker
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa Homfray
- Medical Genetics Unit, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Alison Ross
- North of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Clinical Genetics Centre, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Sahar Mansour
- Medical Genetics Unit, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Michael J Parker
- Sheffield Children's Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Miranda Splitt
- Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Richard B Fisher
- Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alan Fryer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Alder Hay Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Alex C Magee
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Service (NIRGS), Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Andrew Wilkie
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Angela Barnicoat
- Clinical Genetics Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Angela F Brady
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Kennedy-Galton Centre, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, UK
| | - Nicola S Cooper
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital, West Midlands, UK
| | - Catherine Mercer
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Charu Deshpande
- Department of Genetics, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Daniela T Pilz
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Deborah Ruddy
- Department of Genetics, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Deirdre Cilliers
- Department of Clinical Genetics, The Churchill Hospital Old Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Diana S Johnson
- Sheffield Children's Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Dragana Josifova
- Department of Genetics, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elisabeth Rosser
- Clinical Genetics Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth M Thompson
- SA Clinical Genetics Service, Women's & Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia Department of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Emma Wakeling
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Kennedy-Galton Centre, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, UK
| | - Esther Kinning
- West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Fiona Stewart
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Service (NIRGS), Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Frances Flinter
- Department of Genetics, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Katta M Girisha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Helen Cox
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital, West Midlands, UK
| | - Helen V Firth
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge University Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen Kingston
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
| | - Jamie S Wee
- Department of Dermatology, Kingston Hospital NHS Trust, Surrey, UK
| | - Jane A Hurst
- Clinical Genetics Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
| | - John Tolmie
- West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Julie Vogt
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital, West Midlands, UK
| | | | - Kate Chandler
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
| | - Katrina Prescott
- Clinical Genetics, Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, UK
| | - Louise Wilson
- Clinical Genetics Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mahdiyeh Behnam
- Medical Genetics Laboratory of Genome, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Rosemarie Davidson
- West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sally-Ann Lynch
- National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin 12, Ireland
| | - Sanjay Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Sarju G Mehta
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge University Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shane A McKee
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Service (NIRGS), Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Shehla Mohammed
- Department of Genetics, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Simon Holden
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge University Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Soo-Mi Park
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge University Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susan E Holder
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Kennedy-Galton Centre, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, UK
| | - Victoria Harrison
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Vivienne McConnell
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Service (NIRGS), Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Wayne K Lam
- South East of Scotland Clinical Genetic Service, Molecular Medicine Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew J Green
- National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin 12, Ireland School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Dian Donnai
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
| | - Maria Bitner-Glindzicz
- Clinical Genetics Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Deirdre E Donnelly
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Service (NIRGS), Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Christoffer Nellåker
- Medical Research Council Functional Genomics Unit, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martin S Taylor
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David R FitzPatrick
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Schanze D, Neubauer D, Cormier-Daire V, Delrue MA, Dieux-Coeslier A, Hasegawa T, Holmberg EE, Koenig R, Krueger G, Schanze I, Seemanova E, Shaw AC, Vogt J, Volleth M, Reis A, Meinecke P, Hennekam RCM, Zenker M. Deletions in the 3' part of the NFIX gene including a recurrent Alu-mediated deletion of exon 6 and 7 account for previously unexplained cases of Marshall-Smith syndrome. Hum Mutat 2014; 35:1092-100. [PMID: 24924640 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Marshall-Smith syndrome (MSS) is a very rare malformation syndrome characterized by typical craniofacial anomalies, abnormal osseous maturation, developmental delay, failure to thrive, and respiratory difficulties. Mutations in the nuclear factor 1/X gene (NFIX) were recently identified as the cause of MSS. In our study cohort of 17 patients with a clinical diagnosis of MSS, conventional sequencing of NFIX revealed frameshift and splice-site mutations in 10 individuals. Using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis, we identified a recurrent deletion of NFIX exon 6 and 7 in five individuals. We demonstrate this recurrent deletion is the product of a recombination between AluY elements located in intron 5 and 7. Two other patients had smaller deletions affecting exon 6. These findings show that MSS is a genetically homogeneous Mendelian disorder. RT-PCR experiments with newly identified NFIX mutations including the recurrent exon 6 and 7 deletion confirmed previous findings indicating that MSS-associated mutant mRNAs are not cleared by nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Predicted MSS-associated mutant NFIX proteins consistently have a preserved DNA binding and dimerization domain, whereas they grossly vary in their C-terminal portion. This is in line with the hypothesis that MSS-associated mutations encode dysfunctional proteins that act in a dominant negative manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denny Schanze
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Abstract
(Brain) tumors are usually a disorder of aged individuals. If a brain tumor occurs in a child, there is a possible genetic susceptibility for this. Such genetic susceptibilities often show other signs and symptoms. Therefore, every child with a brain tumor should be carefully evaluated for the presence of a "tumor predisposition syndrome." Here, we provide an overview of the various central nervous system tumors that occur in children with syndromes and of the various syndromes that occur in children with brain tumor. Our aim is to facilitate recognition of syndromes in children with a brain tumor and early diagnosis of brain tumors in children with syndromes. Diagnosing tumor predisposition syndromes in children may have important consequences for prognosis, treatment, and screening for subsequent malignancies and nontumor manifestations. We discuss pitfalls in clinical and molecular diagnoses, and the consequences of diagnosing a hereditary disorder for family members. Our improved knowledge of cancer etiology is increasingly translated into management strategies in syndromes in general and will likely lead in the near future to personalized therapeutic approaches for tumor predisposition syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fonnet E Bleeker
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia M J Hopman
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H M Merks
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cora M Aalfs
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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38
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Houten SM, Denis S, Te Brinke H, Jongejan A, van Kampen AHC, Bradley EJ, Baas F, Hennekam RCM, Millington DS, Young SP, Frazier DM, Gucsavas-Calikoglu M, Wanders RJA. Mitochondrial NADP(H) deficiency due to a mutation in NADK2 causes dienoyl-CoA reductase deficiency with hyperlysinemia. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:5009-16. [PMID: 24847004 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dienoyl-CoA reductase (DECR) deficiency with hyperlysinemia is a rare disorder affecting the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids and lysine. The molecular basis of this condition is currently unknown. We describe a new case with failure to thrive, developmental delay, lactic acidosis and severe encephalopathy suggestive of a mitochondrial disorder. Exome sequencing revealed a causal mutation in NADK2. NADK2 encodes the mitochondrial NAD kinase, which is crucial for NADP biosynthesis evidenced by decreased mitochondrial NADP(H) levels in patient fibroblasts. DECR and also the first step in lysine degradation are performed by NADP-dependent oxidoreductases explaining their in vivo deficiency. DECR activity was also deficient in lysates of patient fibroblasts and could only be rescued by transfecting patient cells with functional NADK2. Thus NADPH is not only crucial as a cosubstrate, but can also act as a molecular chaperone that activates and stabilizes enzymes. In addition to polyunsaturated fatty acid oxidation and lysine degradation, NADPH also plays a role in various other mitochondrial processes. We found decreased oxygen consumption and increased extracellular acidification in patient fibroblasts, which may explain why the disease course is consistent with clinical criteria for a mitochondrial disorder. We conclude that DECR deficiency with hyperlysinemia is caused by mitochondrial NADP(H) deficiency due to a mutation in NADK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander M Houten
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, Box 1498, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Simone Denis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases
| | - Heleen Te Brinke
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics and
| | - Antoine H C van Kampen
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics and Biosystems Data Analysis Group, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edward J Bradley
- Department of Genome Analysis, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Baas
- Department of Genome Analysis, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - David S Millington
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sarah P Young
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dianne M Frazier
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Muge Gucsavas-Calikoglu
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ronald J A Wanders
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital
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Blom RM, Hennekam RCM. [Desire for amputation in body integrity identity disorder]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2014; 158:A7146. [PMID: 24713336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body integrity identity disorder (BIID) is a rare neuropsychiatric disorder in which patients experience a mismatch between the real and experienced body from childhood. BIID results in a strong desire to amputate or paralyse one or more limbs. CASE DESCRIPTION We describe two BIID patients. A 40-year-old healthy male suffered daily from his desire for amputation, and therefore made a request for amputation at our academic medical centre. A 61-year-old male proceeded to self-amputation to create the body he had wished for, thereby curing himself from BIID. CONCLUSION To date, no treatment has been found for BIID. Therefore patients often proceed to self-amputation, which could lead to serious and even dangerous complications. These case histories suggest that elective amputation may be a treatment for BIID. Many doctors, however, will question the admissibility of amputation of a healthy limb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rianne M Blom
- Academisch Medisch Centrum-Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam
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40
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Santen GWE, Aten E, Vulto-van Silfhout AT, Pottinger C, van Bon BWM, van Minderhout IJHM, Snowdowne R, van der Lans CAC, Boogaard M, Linssen MML, Vijfhuizen L, van der Wielen MJR, Vollebregt MJE, Breuning MH, Kriek M, van Haeringen A, den Dunnen JT, Hoischen A, Clayton-Smith J, de Vries BBA, Hennekam RCM, van Belzen MJ. Coffin-Siris syndrome and the BAF complex: genotype-phenotype study in 63 patients. Hum Mutat 2013; 34:1519-28. [PMID: 23929686 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
De novo germline variants in several components of the SWI/SNF-like BAF complex can cause Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS), Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome (NCBRS), and nonsyndromic intellectual disability. We screened 63 patients with a clinical diagnosis of CSS for these genes (ARID1A, ARID1B, SMARCA2, SMARCA4, SMARCB1, and SMARCE1) and identified pathogenic variants in 45 (71%) patients. We found a high proportion of variants in ARID1B (68%). All four pathogenic variants in ARID1A appeared to be mosaic. By using all variants from the Exome Variant Server as test data, we were able to classify variants in ARID1A, ARID1B, and SMARCB1 reliably as being pathogenic or nonpathogenic. For SMARCA2, SMARCA4, and SMARCE1 several variants in the EVS remained unclassified, underlining the importance of parental testing. We have entered all variant and clinical information in LOVD-powered databases to facilitate further genotype-phenotype correlations, as these will become increasingly important because of the uptake of targeted and untargeted next generation sequencing in diagnostics. The emerging phenotype-genotype correlation is that SMARCB1 patients have the most marked physical phenotype and severe cognitive and growth delay. The variability in phenotype seems most marked in ARID1A and ARID1B patients. Distal limbs anomalies are most marked in ARID1A patients and least in SMARCB1 patients. Numbers are small however, and larger series are needed to confirm this correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gijs W E Santen
- Center for Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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41
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Hennekam RCM, Allanson JE, Biesecker LG, Carey JC, Opitz JM, Vilain E. Elements of morphology: standard terminology for the external genitalia. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:1238-63. [PMID: 23650202 PMCID: PMC4440541 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An international group of clinicians working in the field of dysmorphology has initiated the standardization of terms used to describe human morphology. The goals are to standardize these terms and reach consensus regarding their definitions. In this way, we will increase the utility of descriptions of the human phenotype and facilitate reliable comparisons of findings among patients. Discussions with other workers in dysmorphology and related fields, such as developmental biology and molecular genetics, will become more precise. Here we introduce the anatomy of the male and female genitalia, and define and illustrate the terms that describe the major characteristics of these body regions. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Schmidts M, Arts HH, Bongers EMHF, Yap Z, Oud MM, Antony D, Duijkers L, Emes RD, Stalker J, Yntema JBL, Plagnol V, Hoischen A, Gilissen C, Forsythe E, Lausch E, Veltman JA, Roeleveld N, Superti-Furga A, Kutkowska-Kazmierczak A, Kamsteeg EJ, Elçioğlu N, van Maarle MC, Graul-Neumann LM, Devriendt K, Smithson SF, Wellesley D, Verbeek NE, Hennekam RCM, Kayserili H, Scambler PJ, Beales PL, Knoers NVAM, Roepman R, Mitchison HM. Exome sequencing identifies DYNC2H1 mutations as a common cause of asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (Jeune syndrome) without major polydactyly, renal or retinal involvement. J Med Genet 2013; 50:309-23. [PMID: 23456818 PMCID: PMC3627132 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2012-101284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (JATD) is a rare, often lethal, recessively inherited chondrodysplasia characterised by shortened ribs and long bones, sometimes accompanied by polydactyly, and renal, liver and retinal disease. Mutations in intraflagellar transport (IFT) genes cause JATD, including the IFT dynein-2 motor subunit gene DYNC2H1. Genetic heterogeneity and the large DYNC2H1 gene size have hindered JATD genetic diagnosis. AIMS AND METHODS To determine the contribution to JATD we screened DYNC2H1 in 71 JATD patients JATD patients combining SNP mapping, Sanger sequencing and exome sequencing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS We detected 34 DYNC2H1 mutations in 29/71 (41%) patients from 19/57 families (33%), showing it as a major cause of JATD especially in Northern European patients. This included 13 early protein termination mutations (nonsense/frameshift, deletion, splice site) but no patients carried these in combination, suggesting the human phenotype is at least partly hypomorphic. In addition, 21 missense mutations were distributed across DYNC2H1 and these showed some clustering to functional domains, especially the ATP motor domain. DYNC2H1 patients largely lacked significant extra-skeletal involvement, demonstrating an important genotype-phenotype correlation in JATD. Significant variability exists in the course and severity of the thoracic phenotype, both between affected siblings with identical DYNC2H1 alleles and among individuals with different alleles, which suggests the DYNC2H1 phenotype might be subject to modifier alleles, non-genetic or epigenetic factors. Assessment of fibroblasts from patients showed accumulation of anterograde IFT proteins in the ciliary tips, confirming defects similar to patients with other retrograde IFT machinery mutations, which may be of undervalued potential for diagnostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Schmidts
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Birth Defects Research Centre, University College London (UCL) Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Heleen H Arts
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Genetic and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ernie M H F Bongers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Genetic and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Zhimin Yap
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Birth Defects Research Centre, University College London (UCL) Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Machteld M Oud
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Genetic and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dinu Antony
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Birth Defects Research Centre, University College London (UCL) Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Lonneke Duijkers
- Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard D Emes
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Jim Stalker
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jan-Bart L Yntema
- Department of Paediatrics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Plagnol
- Department of Genetics, Environment and Evolution, UCL Genetics Institute (UGI), University College London, London, UK
| | - Alexander Hoischen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Genetic and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Gilissen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Genetic and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Forsythe
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Birth Defects Research Centre, University College London (UCL) Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Ekkehart Lausch
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joris A Veltman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Genetic and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nel Roeleveld
- Institute for Genetic and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and HTA, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Nijmegen Centre for Evidence Based Practice, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Superti-Furga
- Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Erik-Jan Kamsteeg
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Genetic and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nursel Elçioğlu
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Marmara University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merel C van Maarle
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Center for Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Koenraad Devriendt
- Laboratory for Genetics of Human Development, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah F Smithson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, St. Michael's Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Diana Wellesley
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton and Essex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Nienke E Verbeek
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hulya Kayserili
- Istanbul Medical Faculty, Medical Genetics Department, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Peter J Scambler
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Birth Defects Research Centre, University College London (UCL) Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Philip L Beales
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Birth Defects Research Centre, University College London (UCL) Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Nine VAM Knoers
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Roepman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Genetic and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hannah M Mitchison
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Birth Defects Research Centre, University College London (UCL) Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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Kariminejad A, Stollfuß B, Li Y, Bögershausen N, Boss K, Hennekam RCM, Wollnik B. Severe Cenani-Lenz syndrome caused by loss of LRP4 function. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:1475-9. [PMID: 23636941 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Limb patterning and growth are complex embryonic processes in which the elaborately orchestrated interplay of diverse endocrine and paracrine factors is crucial to limb integrity. LRP4 is a lipoprotein receptor known for its regulatory effects on LRP5- and LRP6-mediated Wnt signaling, a pathway that plays a pivotal role in limb development. Recessive mutations in LRP4 have been shown to cause Cenani-Lenz syndrome, which is characterized by severe limb malformations, an unusual face, and renal abnormalities. We report on a child with severe Cenani-Lenz syndrome caused by a novel homozygous nonsense mutation in LRP4. The severity of the phenotype in a patient with absent residual LRP4 function may point to a genotype-phenotype correlation.
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Steinbusch CVM, van Roozendaal KEP, Tserpelis D, Smeets EEJ, Kranenburg-de Koning TJ, de Waal KH, Zweier C, Rauch A, Hennekam RCM, Blok MJ, Schrander-Stumpel CTRM. Somatic mosaicism in a mother of two children with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome. Clin Genet 2013; 83:73-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2012.01857.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Barge-Schaapveld DQCM, Ofman R, Knegt AC, Alders M, Höhne W, Kemp S, Hennekam RCM. Intellectual disability and hemizygous GPD2 mutation. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:1044-50. [PMID: 23554088 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We report on a 25-year-old female with intellectual disability, mildly unusual face, and a pervasive developmental disorder, in whom routine aCGH showed a 298 kb de novo deletion at chromosome 2q24.1(156869529-157167986 × 1). The region contained two genes (NR4A2; GPD2). Molecular studies in the proposita showed an additional variant in GPD2 (c.614C > T, p.Pro205Leu), which was predicted to be pathogenic. The variant was also present in the healthy mother and sister. Functional analysis showed absent GPD2 activity in the proposita and 50% activity in mother and sister. We conclude that we have been able to find circumstantial evidence for the causative effect of the hemizygous GPD2 mutation but full proof remained lacking. Total costs for the work-up in these patients were high (€21,975 [$27,029]). Similar results will increasingly be found when Next Generation Techniques will be applied widely in patients with intellectual disability, and proving pathogenicity by functional studies or in animal models will be expensive. We advocate the use of freely accessible international databases combining phenotype and genotype data using standard nomenclatures to facilitate proving pathogenicity of research data and to decrease costs of health care.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a well known malformation syndrome for which five causative genes are known, accounting for ∼55-65% of cases. In this study, we hypothesised that mosaicism might explain some of the ∼35-45% of cases without detectable mutation in DNA derived from lymphocytes; we investigated the frequency of NIPBL mutations in buccal cells in individuals negative for mutations in any of the five genes in lymphocytes; and we evaluated the efficiency of obtaining DNA from buccal swabs and the best strategy for optimal mutation detection in CdLS. METHODS Buccal swabs were obtained from eight mutation positive and 13 mutation negative individuals with clinically diagnosed CdLS, following informed consent. We then forwarded instructions and a single mouth swab to the families; if subsequently insufficient DNA was obtained, we re-sent two mouth swabs. Buccal cells were screened for NIPBL mutations using Sanger sequencing techniques. RESULTS Sufficient DNA for analysis was obtained in 21/22 individuals. In all six tested individuals with a known NIPBL mutation and in two with a known SMC1A mutation, the mutation was confirmed in buccal cells. In 10 of the 13 tested individuals without detectable mutation in lymphocytes a NIPBL mutation could be detected in buccal cells. Clinically there were no significant differences between patients with a germline and mosaic NIPBL mutation. CONCLUSIONS Somatic mosaicism for an NIPBL mutation is frequent (10/44; 23%) clinically in reliably diagnosed CdLS individuals. Obtaining buccal swabs at the time a blood sample is obtained will facilitate adequate molecular analysis of clinically diagnosed CdLS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia A Huisman
- Department of Pediatrics, Room H7-237, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
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Feigenbaum A, Müller C, Yale C, Kleinheinz J, Jezewski P, Kehl HG, MacDougall M, Rutsch F, Hennekam RCM. Singleton-Merten syndrome: an autosomal dominant disorder with variable expression. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:360-70. [PMID: 23322711 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In 1973, Singleton and Merten described two females with abnormal dentition, unique radiographic changes especially of the hands, and severe calcification and intimal weakening of the aortic arch and valve. Since then three additional cases with similar features have been reported and the diagnosis was suggested in another three individuals. We present an update of one case and the detailed clinical phenotype of six other cases with Singleton-Merten syndrome. The occurrence of the disorder in six members of two families and vertical male-to-male transmission indicate an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Variability in phenotype, also within a single family, is significant. Core manifestations are marked aortic calcification, dental anomalies (delayed eruption and immature root formation of primarily the anterior permanent teeth, and early loss of permanent teeth due to short roots, acute root resorption, high caries, and aggressive alveolar bone loss), osteopenia and acro-osteolysis, and to a lesser extend also glaucoma, psoriasis, muscle weakness, and joint laxity. Additional clinical characteristics described here include particular facial characteristics (high anterior hairline, broad forehead, smooth philtrum, thin upper vermillion) and abnormal joint and muscle ligaments. The cause and pathogenesis of this syndrome remain unknown. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Feigenbaum
- Department of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Harakalova M, van den Boogaard MJ, Sinke R, van Lieshout S, van Tuil MC, Duran K, Renkens I, Terhal PA, de Kovel C, Nijman IJ, van Haelst M, Knoers NVAM, van Haaften G, Kloosterman W, Hennekam RCM, Cuppen E, Ploos van Amstel HK. X-exome sequencing identifies a HDAC8 variant in a large pedigree with X-linked intellectual disability, truncal obesity, gynaecomastia, hypogonadism and unusual face. J Med Genet 2012; 49:539-43. [PMID: 22889856 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2012-100921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We present a large Dutch family with seven males affected by a novel syndrome of X-linked intellectual disability, hypogonadism, gynaecomastia, truncal obesity, short stature and recognisable craniofacial manifestations resembling but not identical to Wilson-Turner syndrome. Seven female relatives show a much milder expression of the phenotype. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed X chromosome exome (X-exome) sequencing in five individuals from this family and identified a novel intronic variant in the histone deacetylase 8 gene (HDAC8), c.164+5G>A, which disturbs the normal splicing of exon 2 resulting in exon skipping, and introduces a premature stop at the beginning of the histone deacetylase catalytic domain. The identified variant completely segregates in this family and was absent in 96 Dutch controls and available databases. Affected female carriers showed a notably skewed X-inactivation pattern in lymphocytes in which the mutated X-chromosome was completely inactivated. CONCLUSIONS HDAC8 is a member of the protein family of histone deacetylases that play a major role in epigenetic gene silencing during development. HDAC8 specifically controls the patterning of the skull with the mouse HDAC8 knock-out showing craniofacial deformities of the skull. The present family provides the first evidence for involvement of HDAC8 in a syndromic form of intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Harakalova
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht 3584 EA, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS; OMIM #270400) is an autosomal recessive malformation syndrome characterized by a large spectrum of morphogenic and congenital anomalies. SLOS is caused by mutations in the DHCR7 gene, which encodes 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase, the enzyme that catalyzes the final step in cholesterol biosynthesis. We report on 154 currently known mutations in DHCR7 identified in patients affected with SLOS and discuss their coding consequences. These 154 mutations include 130 missense, 8 nonsense, 8 deletions, 2 insertions, 1 indel, and 5 splice site mutations. Using information available from published case reports and from patients identified in our clinical diagnostic laboratory, we analyzed correlations between genotype, clinical presentation and 7-dehydrocholesterol level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans R Waterham
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases (F0-222), Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to collect detailed data on behavioural, adaptive, and psychological functioning in 10 individuals with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome (PTHS), with specific attention to manifestations of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHOD The participants (four females, six males), residing in the Netherlands and Belgium, were ascertained through the Dutch national PTHS support group. Median age of participants was 10 years, the age range was between 32 and 289 months. They underwent psychiatric examinations and neuropsychological measurements using a comprehensive assessment battery. Additionally, parental information was gathered through standardized interviews and questionnaires. Findings were compared with those from the literature. RESULTS All participants showed profound intellectual disability, amiable demeanour with minimal maladaptive behaviours, severe impairments of communication and language, and intense, frequent motor stereotypies. Impairments in all participants were beyond what would be expected for cognitive abilities, fitting a classification of ASD. INTERPRETATION Patients with PTHS are characterized not only by specific physical and genetic manifestations but also by specific behavioural and cognitive characteristics. Studying behaviour and cognition may improve diagnosis and prognosis, allows recognition of comorbidities, and contributes to adequate counselling of families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid D C Van Balkom
- Jonx Department of Youth Mental Health, Lentis Psychiatric Institute, Zuidlaren, the Netherlands.
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