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Devleesschauwer B, Scohy A, De Pauw R, Gorasso V, Kongs A, Neirynck E, Verduyckt P, Wyper GMA, Van den Borre L. Investigating years of life lost in Belgium, 2004-2019: A comprehensive analysis using a probabilistic redistribution approach. Arch Public Health 2023; 81:160. [PMID: 37626403 PMCID: PMC10464430 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Information on years of life lost (YLL) due to premature mortality is instrumental to assess the fatal impact of disease and necessary for the calculation of Belgian disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). This study presents a novel method to reallocate causes of death data. MATERIALS AND METHODS Causes of death data are provided by Statistics Belgium (Statbel). First, the specific ICD-10 codes that define the underlying cause of death are mapped to the GBD cause list. Second, ill-defined deaths (IDDs) are redistributed to specific ICD-10 codes. A four-step probabilistic redistribution was developed to fit the Belgian context: redistribution using predefined ICD codes, redistribution using multiple causes of death data, internal redistribution, and redistribution to all causes. Finally, we used the GBD 2019 reference life table to calculate Standard Expected Years of Life Lost (SEYLL). RESULTS In Belgium, between 2004 and 2019, IDDs increased from 31 to 34% of all deaths. The majority was redistributed using predefined ICD codes (14-15%), followed by the redistribution using multiple causes of death data (10-12%). The total number of SEYLL decreased from 1.83 to 1.73 million per year. In 2019, the top cause of SEYLL was lung cancer with a share of 8.5%, followed by ischemic heart disease (8.1%) and Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (5.7%). All results are available in an online tool https://burden.sciensano.be/shiny/mortality2019/ . CONCLUSION The redistribution process assigned a specific cause of death to all deaths in Belgium, making it possible to investigate the full mortality burden for the first time. A large number of estimates were produced to estimate SEYLL by age, sex, and region for a large number of causes of death and every year between 2004 and 2019. These estimates are important stepping stones for future investigations on Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) in Belgium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brecht Devleesschauwer
- Service Health Information, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Rue Juliette Wytsman 14, Brussels, 1050, Belgium.
- Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - Aline Scohy
- Service Health Information, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Rue Juliette Wytsman 14, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
| | - Robby De Pauw
- Service Health Information, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Rue Juliette Wytsman 14, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vanessa Gorasso
- Service Health Information, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Rue Juliette Wytsman 14, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anne Kongs
- Department of Care, Flemish Public Administration, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Peter Verduyckt
- Brussels-Capital Health and Social Observatory, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Grant M A Wyper
- Place and Wellbeing Directorate, Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, UK
- School of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Laura Van den Borre
- Service Health Information, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Rue Juliette Wytsman 14, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
- Interface Demography, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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