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Gasimli K, Raab M, Tahmasbi Rad M, Kurunci-Csacsko E, Becker S, Strebhardt K, Sanhaji M. Sequential Targeting of PLK1 and PARP1 Reverses the Resistance to PARP Inhibitors and Enhances Platin-Based Chemotherapy in BRCA-Deficient High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer with KRAS Amplification. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810892. [PMID: 36142803 PMCID: PMC9502276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) accounts for approximately 4% of cancer deaths in women worldwide and is the deadliest gynecologic malignancy. High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most predominant ovarian cancer, in which BRCA1/2 gene mutation ranges from 3 to 27%. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have shown promising results as a synthetically lethal therapeutic approach for BRCA mutant and recurrent OC in clinical use. However, emerging data indicate that BRCA-deficient cancers may be resistant to PARPi, and the mechanisms of this resistance remain elusive. We found that amplification of KRAS likely underlies PARPi resistance in BRCA2-deficient HGSOC. Our data suggest that PLK1 inhibition restores sensitivity to PARPi in HGSOC with KRAS amplification. The sequential combination of PLK1 inhibitor (PLK1i) and PARPi drastically reduces HGSOC cell survival and increases apoptosis. Furthermore, we were able to show that a sequential combination of PLK1i and PARPi enhanced the cellular apoptotic response to carboplatin-based chemotherapy in KRAS-amplified resistant HGSOC cells and 3D spheroids derived from recurrent ovarian cancer patients. Our results shed new light on the critical role of PLK1 in reversing PARPi resistance in KRAS-amplified HGSOC, and offer a new therapeutic strategy for this class of ovarian cancer patients where only limited options currently exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khayal Gasimli
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Monika Raab
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Morva Tahmasbi Rad
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Sven Becker
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Klaus Strebhardt
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mourad Sanhaji
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Correspondence:
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2
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Raab M, Sanhaji M, Matthess Y, Hörlin A, Lorenz I, Dötsch C, Habbe N, Waidmann O, Kurunci-Csacsko E, Firestein R, Becker S, Strebhardt K. PLK1 has tumor-suppressive potential in APC-truncated colon cancer cells. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1106. [PMID: 29549256 PMCID: PMC5856809 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03494-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) acts as a molecular safeguard in ensuring faithful chromosome transmission during mitosis, which is regulated by a complex interplay between phosphatases and kinases including PLK1. Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) germline mutations cause aneuploidy and are responsible for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Here we study the role of PLK1 in colon cancer cells with chromosomal instability promoted by APC truncation (APC-ΔC). The expression of APC-ΔC in colon cells reduces the accumulation of mitotic cells upon PLK1 inhibition, accelerates mitotic exit and increases the survival of cells with enhanced chromosomal abnormalities. The inhibition of PLK1 in mitotic, APC-∆C-expressing cells reduces the kinetochore levels of Aurora B and hampers the recruitment of SAC component suggesting a compromised mitotic checkpoint. Furthermore, Plk1 inhibition (RNAi, pharmacological compounds) promotes the development of adenomatous polyps in two independent Apc Min/+ mouse models. High PLK1 expression increases the survival of colon cancer patients expressing a truncated APC significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Raab
- Department of Gynecology, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mourad Sanhaji
- Department of Gynecology, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yves Matthess
- Department of Gynecology, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)/ German Cancer Research Center, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Albrecht Hörlin
- Institute of Pathology at the Department of Pathology, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ioana Lorenz
- Department of Gynecology, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christina Dötsch
- Department of Gynecology, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nils Habbe
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Oliver Waidmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Ron Firestein
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, AU 31681, Australia
- Department of Molecular Translational Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Sven Becker
- Department of Gynecology, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Klaus Strebhardt
- Department of Gynecology, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)/ German Cancer Research Center, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Scharow A, Raab M, Saxena K, Sreeramulu S, Kudlinzki D, Gande S, Dötsch C, Kurunci-Csacsko E, Klaeger S, Kuster B, Schwalbe H, Strebhardt K, Berg T. Optimized Plk1 PBD Inhibitors Based on Poloxin Induce Mitotic Arrest and Apoptosis in Tumor Cells. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:2570-9. [PMID: 26279064 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) is a central regulator of mitosis and has been validated as a target for antitumor therapy. The polo-box domain (PBD) of Plk1 regulates its kinase activity and mediates the subcellular localization of Plk1 and its interactions with a subset of its substrates. Functional inhibition of the Plk1 PBD by low-molecular weight inhibitors has been shown to represent a viable strategy by which to inhibit the enzyme, while avoiding selectivity issues caused by the conserved nature of the ATP binding site. Here, we report structure-activity relationships and mechanistic analysis for the first reported Plk1 PBD inhibitor, Poloxin. We present the identification of the optimized analog Poloxin-2, displaying significantly improved potency and selectivity over Poloxin. Poloxin-2 induces mitotic arrest and apoptosis in cultured human tumor cells at low micromolar concentrations, highlighting it as a valuable tool compound for exploring the function of the Plk1 PBD in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Scharow
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig , Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Monika Raab
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University , Medical School, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7-9, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Krishna Saxena
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt , Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sridhar Sreeramulu
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt , Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Denis Kudlinzki
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt , Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Santosh Gande
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt , Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Dötsch
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University , Medical School, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7-9, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kurunci-Csacsko
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University , Medical School, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7-9, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Susan Klaeger
- Technische Universität München , Emil Erlenmeyer Forum 5, 85354 Freising, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Technische Universität München , Emil Erlenmeyer Forum 5, 85354 Freising, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Harald Schwalbe
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt , Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Strebhardt
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University , Medical School, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7-9, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Berg
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig , Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Raab M, Krämer A, Hehlgans S, Sanhaji M, Kurunci-Csacsko E, Dötsch C, Bug G, Ottmann O, Becker S, Pachl F, Kuster B, Strebhardt K. Mitotic arrest and slippage induced by pharmacological inhibition of Polo-like kinase 1. Mol Oncol 2015; 9:140-54. [PMID: 25169932 PMCID: PMC5528686 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2014.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to drugs that interfere with microtubule dynamics block cell cycle progression at mitosis by prolonged activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Cells can evade mitotic arrest and proceed to interphase without chromosome segregation by a process termed mitotic slippage that involves Cyclin B1 degradation without checkpoint inactivation. Here, we explored the cellular response to small-molecule inhibitors of Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), an important regulator of cell division. We found that the clinical Plk1 inhibitors BI 2536 and BI 6727, both unexpectedly, induced a dose-dependent cellular drug response: While mitotic arrest was induced in cancer cell lines and primary non-transformed cells across the entire range of concentrations tested, only high concentrations seemed to promote mitotic slippage. Since this observation contrasts with the effects expected from studies reporting RNAi-mediated Plk1 depletion in cancer cells, we wondered whether both ATP-competitive inhibitors target unknown kinases that are involved in signaling from the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and might contribute to the mitotic slippage. A chemical proteomics approach used to profile the selectivity of both inhibitors revealed that SAC kinases are not targeted directly. Still, the activities of Cdk1/Cyclin B1 and Aurora B, which plays important roles in the error correction of false microtubule-kinetochore attachments and in checkpoint signaling, were shown to be downregulated at high inhibitor concentrations. Our data suggest that the inhibition of Plk1 activity below a certain threshold influences Aurora B activity via reduced phosphorylation of Fox M1 and Survivin leading to diminished levels of Aurora B protein and alteration of its subcellular localization. Within the spectrum of SAC proteins that are degraded during mitotic slippage, the degradation of Cyclin B1 and the downregulation of Aurora B activity by Plk1 inhibition seem to be critical promoters of mitotic slippage. The results indicate that careful dose-finding studies in cancer trials are necessary to limit or even prevent mitotic slippage, which could be associated with improved cancer cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Raab
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andrea Krämer
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Mourad Sanhaji
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kurunci-Csacsko
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christina Dötsch
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gesine Bug
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Germany
| | - Oliver Ottmann
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Germany
| | - Sven Becker
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Fiona Pachl
- Technische Universität München, Emil Erlenmeyer Forum 5, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Technische Universität München, Emil Erlenmeyer Forum 5, 85354 Freising, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Strebhardt
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.
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5
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Raab M, Pachl F, Krämer A, Kurunci-Csacsko E, Dötsch C, Knecht R, Becker S, Kuster B, Strebhardt K. Quantitative chemical proteomics reveals a Plk1 inhibitor-compromised cell death pathway in human cells. Cell Res 2014; 24:1141-5. [PMID: 24980956 PMCID: PMC4152744 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2014.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Raab
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
- Head and Neck Center, UKE Hamburg, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fiona Pachl
- Technische Universität München, Emil Erlenmeyer Forum 5, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Andrea Krämer
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kurunci-Csacsko
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christina Dötsch
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rainald Knecht
- Head and Neck Center, UKE Hamburg, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sven Becker
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Technische Universität München, Emil Erlenmeyer Forum 5, 85354 Freising, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Strebhardt
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
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6
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Raab M, Kappel S, Krämer A, Sanhaji M, Matthess Y, Kurunci-Csacsko E, Calzada-Wack J, Rathkolb B, Rozman J, Adler T, Busch DH, Esposito I, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Klingenspor M, Wolf E, Sänger N, Prinz F, Angelis MHD, Seibler J, Yuan J, Bergmann M, Knecht R, Kreft B, Strebhardt K. Toxicity modelling of Plk1-targeted therapies in genetically engineered mice and cultured primary mammalian cells. Nat Commun 2011; 2:395. [PMID: 21772266 PMCID: PMC3144583 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
High attrition rates of novel anti-cancer drugs highlight the need for improved models to predict toxicity. Although polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) inhibitors are attractive candidates for drug development, the role of Plk1 in primary cells remains widely unexplored. Therefore, we evaluated the utility of an RNA interference-based model to assess responses to an inducible knockdown (iKD) of Plk1 in adult mice. Here we show that Plk1 silencing can be achieved in several organs, although adverse events are rare. We compared responses in Plk1-iKD mice with those in primary cells kept under controlled culture conditions. In contrast to the addiction of many cancer cell lines to the non-oncogene Plk1, the primary cells' proliferation, spindle assembly and apoptosis exhibit only a low dependency on Plk1. Responses to Plk1-depletion, both in cultured primary cells and in our iKD-mouse model, correspond well and thus provide the basis for using validated iKD mice in predicting responses to therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Raab
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, UKE Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Sven Kappel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Andrea Krämer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mourad Sanhaji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yves Matthess
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kurunci-Csacsko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Julia Calzada-Wack
- Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstaedter Landstrasse, 85764 Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstaedter Landstrasse, 85764 Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Rozman
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstaedter Landstrasse, 85764 Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
- Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else Kröner-Fresenius Center, Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Thure Adler
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstaedter Landstrasse, 85764 Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Trogerstrasse 30, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk H. Busch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Trogerstrasse 30, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Irene Esposito
- Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstaedter Landstrasse, 85764 Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstaedter Landstrasse, 85764 Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Valérie Gailus-Durner
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstaedter Landstrasse, 85764 Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Klingenspor
- Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else Kröner-Fresenius Center, Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Sänger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Florian Prinz
- Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Global Drug Discovery, Therapeutic Research Group Oncology, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstaedter Landstrasse, 85764 Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Strasse 8, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Jost Seibler
- TaconicArtemis GmbH, Neurather Ring 1, 51063 Köln, Germany
| | - Juping Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Martin Bergmann
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Giessen, Frankfurterstrasse 98, 35392GiessenGermany
| | - Rainald Knecht
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, UKE Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bertolt Kreft
- Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Global Drug Discovery, Therapeutic Research Group Oncology, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Strebhardt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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Spänkuch B, Steinhauser I, Wartlick H, Kurunci-Csacsko E, Strebhardt KI, Langer K. Downregulation of Plk1 expression by receptor-mediated uptake of antisense oligonucleotide-loaded nanoparticles. Neoplasia 2008; 10:223-34. [PMID: 18320067 PMCID: PMC2259452 DOI: 10.1593/neo.07916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2007] [Revised: 12/30/2007] [Accepted: 01/02/2008] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles represent a promising tool for targeted drug delivery to tumor cells. The coupling of the antibody trastuzumab to nanoparticles uses the capability of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive cells to incorporate agents linked to HER2. In our present study, we developed targeted nanoparticles loaded with antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) against polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1). We evaluated the receptor-mediated uptake into HER2-positive and -negative breast cancer and murine cell lines. We performed quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analyses to monitor the impact on Plk1 expression in HER2-positive breast cancer cells. Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles showed a specific targeting to HER2-overexpressing cells with cellular uptake by receptor-mediated endocytosis and a release into HER2-positive BT-474 cells. We observed a significant reduction of Plk1 mRNA and protein expression and increased activation of Caspase 3/7. Thus, this is the first report about ASO-loaded HSA nanoparticles, where an impact on gene expression could be observed. The data provide the basis for the further development of carrier systems for Plk1-specific ASOs to reduce off-target effects evoked by systemically administered ASOs and to achieve a better penetration into primary and metastatic target cells. Treatment of tumors using trastuzumab-conjugated ASO-loaded HSA nanoparticles could be a promising approach to reach this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Spänkuch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
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Spänkuch B, Kurunci-Csacsko E, Kaufmann M, Strebhardt K. Rational combinations of siRNAs targeting Plk1 with breast cancer drugs. Oncogene 2007; 26:5793-807. [PMID: 17369857 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2006] [Revised: 01/09/2007] [Accepted: 01/24/2007] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Commonly used drugs for the treatment of breast cancer patients like paclitaxel and Herceptin often show severe side effects or induce resistance in clinical settings. Thus, we analysed a combination of Plk1 (polo-like kinase 1)-specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), a powerful tool to induce 'mitotic catastrophe' in cancer cells, together with these drugs to identify conditions for enhanced drug sensitivity. After transfection, the antineoplastic agents were added and cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle distribution in breast cancer cells (MCF-7, SK-BR-3, MDA-MB-435 and BT-474) and in primary human mammary epithelial cells were determined. Downregulation of cellular Plk1 levels led to an elevated percentage of cells in G(2)/M phase. The percentage of apoptotic nuclei in MCF-7, MDA-MB-435, SK-BR-3 and BT-474 cells was clearly increased after incubation with Plk1-specific siRNAs and paclitaxel. Interestingly, the caspase pathway was activated after treatment with Plk1-specific siRNAs and paclitaxel or Herceptin. Treatment of breast cancer cells with siRNAs targeting Plk1 improved the sensitivity toward paclitaxel and Herceptin in a synergistic manner. In all experiments, very low concentrations across a wide range of clinically relevant concentrations were sufficient to induce an antiproliferative effect. The combination of Plk1-specific siRNAs with modern breast cancer drugs seems to represent rational combinations to be tested in preclinical trials.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/enzymology
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/therapy
- Cell Cycle/drug effects
- Cell Cycle Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27/metabolism
- Down-Regulation
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Female
- Humans
- Paclitaxel/therapeutic use
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/therapeutic use
- Receptor, ErbB-2/immunology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Transfection
- Trastuzumab
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Polo-Like Kinase 1
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Affiliation(s)
- B Spänkuch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, JW Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Spankuch B, Kurunci-Csacsko E, Bauknecht T, Strebhardt K. Effect of enzastaurin on cell signaling, proliferation and apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.14121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
14121 Background: Enzastaurin, an acyclic bisindolylmaleimide, is a potent selective serine/threonine kinase inhibitor that inhibits PKCβ, targets the PI3K/AKT pathway, and inhibits GSK3β phosphorylation. Enzastaurin induced apoptosis and decreased proliferation of various cancer lines, and decreased VEGF expression and microvessel density in human tumor xenografts. In animal models, enzastaurin had antitumor/antiangiogenic activity in non-small-cell lung, colon, renal cell, hepatocellular, and other cancers. Therefore, we sought to determine enzastaurin’s impact on cellular PKCβ-mediated signaling in breast cancer cells. Secondarily, we sought to determine the induction of the apoptotic cascade by enzastaurin. Methods: Breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, BT-474, MDA-MB-435 and SK-BR-3 were treated with differing enzastaurin concentrations. Western-Blot analyses were performed to examine PKCβ, phospho-GSK3β and caspase 9 expressions. The phenotype and proliferation of enzastaurin-treated cells were also monitored by fluorescence microscopy. Results: Treating all 4 cancer cell lines with ascending enzastaurin doses (0.1–10 μM) led to a significant downregulation of GSK3β phosphorylation (2–17%) compared to control cells. A 48–72 hr incubation with increasing enzastaurin doses also reduced the PKCβ expression significantly (5–50%). Moreover, a dose- dependent reduction of cell proliferation to levels of 15–40% compared to control cells with the highest enzastaurin concentration was detectable. We also saw a marked pro-caspase 9 reduction (0–30%) after enzastaurin compared to control cells. The microscopic inspection of treated cells phenotypically confirmed increasing apoptosis-induced cell death. Conclusions: Enzastaurin has a significant antiproliferative effect in different breast cancer cells. Moreover, enzastaurin suppresses GSK3β phosphorylation, suggesting that it may be a reliable pharmacodynamic marker for enzastaurin activity in breast cancer cells; however, more preclinical analysis is needed. Our study provides evidence for enzastaurin’s potential to directly suppress breast cancer cell proliferation and to induce tumor cell death by apoptotic induction. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Spankuch
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany; Lilly Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - E. Kurunci-Csacsko
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany; Lilly Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - T. Bauknecht
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany; Lilly Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - K. Strebhardt
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany; Lilly Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
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Spänkuch B, Heim S, Kurunci-Csacsko E, Lindenau C, Kaufmann M, Strebhardt K. Reduktion der Plk1-Expression erhöht die Chemosensitivität von Mammakarzinomzellen in vitro und in vivo. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-952380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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11
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Spaenkuch B, Heim S, Kurunci-Csacsko E, Lindenau C, Kaufmann M, Strebhardt K. Downregulation of PLK1 elevates chemosensitivity of various breast cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.13169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
13169 Background: A central role for polo-like kinases (PLK) in regulating mitosis has been shown in different species. Overexpression of PLK1 is observed in various human tumors, and it is a negative prognostic factor in patients suffering from diverse cancers. In order to reduce side-effects exerted by commonly used anti-neoplastic agents and to enhance chemosensitivity of different breast cancer cell lines, we used phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) targeted against PLK1 together with Paclitaxel, Carboplatin and Herceptin. Methods: We used different HER2-positive and -negative breast cancer cell lines (BT-474, MCF-7, MDA-MB-435) to define the role of reduced PLK1 expression for the necessary dose of anti-neoplastic agents. After transfection with PLK1-specific ASOs these agents were added and cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis were measured. Results: We observed synergistic effects after combination of very low doses of PLK1-specific ASOs with Paclitaxel and Herceptin. Using Carboplatin we could only observe a synergistic effect in MDA-MB-435 cells. Downregulation of PLK1 levels led to an elevated percentage of cells in G2/M. Apoptosis and G2/M arrest were increased after combination of PLK1-specific ASOs with Paclitaxel in MDA-MB-435 cells. In a human Xenograft experiment using MDA-MB-435 cells the combination of PLK1-ASOs with Paclitaxel led to synergistic reduction of tumor growth after three weeks treatment compared to either agent alone. Conclusion: This study suggests that antisense inhibitors against PLK1 at well tolerated doses may be considered as cancer therapeutic agents which elevate chemosensitivity especially against Paclitaxel in very low doses with a significant better outcome than each agent alone. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Spaenkuch
- Medical School, J.W.Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - S. Heim
- Medical School, J.W.Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - C. Lindenau
- Medical School, J.W.Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M. Kaufmann
- Medical School, J.W.Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - K. Strebhardt
- Medical School, J.W.Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Spänkuch B, Heim S, Kurunci-Csacsko E, Lindenau C, Yuan J, Kaufmann M, Strebhardt K. Down-regulation of Polo-like kinase 1 elevates drug sensitivity of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Res 2006; 66:5836-46. [PMID: 16740723 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Human polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) is a key player in different stages of mitosis and modulates the spindle checkpoint at the metaphase-anaphase transition. Overexpression of Plk1 is observed in various human tumors and it is a negative prognostic factor in patients suffering from diverse cancers. We used phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) targeted against Plk1, together with paclitaxel, carboplatin, and Herceptin, for the treatment of breast cancer cells to identify conditions for enhanced drug sensitivity. After transfection of the breast cancer cell lines BT-474, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-435 with Plk1-specific ASOs, paclitaxel, carboplatin, or Herceptin was added and cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis were measured. Whereas the dual treatment of breast cancer cells with Plk1-specific ASOs with carboplatin or Herceptin caused only a limited antiproliferative effect in breast cancer cells, we observed synergistic effects after combination of low doses of Plk1-specific ASOs with paclitaxel, which is used in a variety of clinical anticancer regimens. Plk1-specific ASOs also acted synergistically with paclitaxel in the arrest of the cell cycle at the G(2)-M phase and in the induction of apoptosis. Interestingly, in a human xenograft experiment using MDA-MB-435 cells, the combination of Plk1 ASOs with paclitaxel led to synergistic reduction of tumor growth after 3 weeks of treatment compared with either agent alone. This study suggests that antisense inhibitors against Plk1 at well-tolerated doses may be considered as highly efficient promoters for the antineoplastic potential of taxanes, such as paclitaxel, causing synergistic effects in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Spänkuch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Yuan J, Eckerdt F, Bereiter-Hahn J, Kurunci-Csacsko E, Kaufmann M, Strebhardt K. Cooperative phosphorylation including the activity of polo-like kinase 1 regulates the subcellular localization of cyclin B1. Oncogene 2002; 21:8282-92. [PMID: 12447691 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1206011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2001] [Revised: 08/28/2002] [Accepted: 09/03/2001] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdc2)/cyclin B1 complex performs cardinal roles for eukaryotic mitotic progression. Phosphorylation of four serine residues within cyclin B1 promotes the rapid nuclear translocation of Cdc2/cyclin B1 at the G(2)/M transition. Still, the role of individual phosphorylation sites and their corresponding kinases remain to be elucidated. Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) shows a spatial and temporal distribution which makes it a candidate kinase for the phosphorylation of cyclin B1. We could demonstrate the interaction of both proteins in mammalian cells. Plk1 phosphorylated wild-type cyclin B1 expressed in bacteria and in mammalian cells. Ser-133 within the cytoplasmic retention signal (CRS) of cyclin B1, which regulates the nuclear entry of the heterodimeric complex during prophase, is a target of Plk1. In contrast, MAPK (Erk2) and MPF phosphorylate Ser-126 and Ser-128 within the CRS. Phosphorylation of CRS by MAPK (Erk2) prior to Plk1 treatment induced enhanced phosphorylation of cyclin B1 by Plk 1 suggesting a synergistic action of both enzymes towards cyclin B1. In addition, pretreatment of cyclin B1 by MAPK (Erk2) altered the phosphorylation pattern of Plk 1. Mutation of Ser-133 to Ala decreased the phosphorylation of cyclin B1 in vivo. An immunofluorescence study revealed that a mutation of Ser-133 reduced the nuclear import rate of cyclin B1. Still, multiple serine mutations are required to prevent nuclear translocation completely indicating that orchestrated phosphorylation within the CRS triggers rapid import of cyclin B1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juping Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, JW Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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