DiGirolamo GJ, Sophis EJ, Daffron JL, Gonzalez G, Romero-Gonzalez M, Gillespie SA. Breakdowns of eye movement control toward smoking cues in young adult light smokers.
Addict Behav 2016;
52:98-102. [PMID:
26406974 DOI:
10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.09.004]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Many studies suggest that dependent smokers have a preference or attentional bias toward smoking cues. The purpose of this study was to test the ability of infrequent non-dependent light smokers to control their eye movements by look away from smoking cues. Poor control in the lightest of smokers would suggest nicotine cue-elicited behavior occurring even prior to nicotine dependency as measured by daily smoking.
METHODS
17 infrequent non-dependent light smokers and 17 lifetime non-smokers performed an antisaccade task (look away from suddenly appearing cue) on smoking, alcohol, neutral, and dot cues.
RESULTS
The light smokers, who were confirmed light smokers and non-dependent (MFaegerström Dependency Score=0.35), were significantly worse at controlling their eye movements to smoking cues relative to both neutral cues (p<.04) and alcohol cues (p<.02). Light smokers made significantly more errors to smoking cues than non-smokers (p<.004).
CONCLUSIONS
These data suggest that prior to developing clinical symptoms of severe dependence or progressing to heavier smoking (e.g., daily smoking), the lightest of smokers are showing a specific deficit in control of nicotine cue-elicited behavior.
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