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Watts GF, Gidding SS, Hegele RA, Raal FJ, Sturm AC, Jones LK, Sarkies MN, Al-Rasadi K, Blom DJ, Daccord M, de Ferranti SD, Folco E, Libby P, Mata P, Nawawi HM, Ramaswami U, Ray KK, Stefanutti C, Yamashita S, Pang J, Thompson GR, Santos RD. International Atherosclerosis Society guidance for implementing best practice in the care of familial hypercholesterolaemia. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:845-869. [PMID: 37322181 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00892-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This contemporary, international, evidence-informed guidance aims to achieve the greatest good for the greatest number of people with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) across different countries. FH, a family of monogenic defects in the hepatic LDL clearance pathway, is a preventable cause of premature coronary artery disease and death. Worldwide, 35 million people have FH, but most remain undiagnosed or undertreated. Current FH care is guided by a useful and diverse group of evidence-based guidelines, with some primarily directed at cholesterol management and some that are country-specific. However, none of these guidelines provides a comprehensive overview of FH care that includes both the lifelong components of clinical practice and strategies for implementation. Therefore, a group of international experts systematically developed this guidance to compile clinical strategies from existing evidence-based guidelines for the detection (screening, diagnosis, genetic testing and counselling) and management (risk stratification, treatment of adults or children with heterozygous or homozygous FH, therapy during pregnancy and use of apheresis) of patients with FH, update evidence-informed clinical recommendations, and develop and integrate consensus-based implementation strategies at the patient, provider and health-care system levels, with the aim of maximizing the potential benefit for at-risk patients and their families worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald F Watts
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
- Departments of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | | | - Robert A Hegele
- Department of Medicine and Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Frederick J Raal
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Amy C Sturm
- Department of Genomic Health, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
- 23andMe, Sunnyvale, CA, USA
| | - Laney K Jones
- Department of Genomic Health, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Mitchell N Sarkies
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Khalid Al-Rasadi
- Medical Research Centre, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Dirk J Blom
- Division of Lipidology and Cape Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | | | | | - Peter Libby
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pedro Mata
- Fundación Hipercolesterolemia Familiar, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hapizah M Nawawi
- Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM) and Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
- Specialist Lipid and Coronary Risk Prevention Clinics, Hospital Al-Sultan Abdullah (HASA) and Clinical Training Centre, Puncak Alam and Sungai Buloh Campuses, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Uma Ramaswami
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kausik K Ray
- Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Claudia Stefanutti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Extracorporeal Therapeutic Techniques Unit, Lipid Clinic and Atherosclerosis Prevention Centre, Regional Centre for Rare Diseases, Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Umberto I Hospital, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Shizuya Yamashita
- Department of Cardiology, Rinku General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jing Pang
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Raul D Santos
- Lipid Clinic, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
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Kurfurst R, Jeanneton O, Bourbon A, Saint-Auret G, Folco E, Nizard C, Pays K. 514 miR-125b-5p regulates melanogenesis by fibroblast exosomal communication. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Magni P, Cecchini I, Fortunati M, Biroli M, Massaroni K, Folco E, Giudice D, Montebelli M, Ciancamerla G. Web discussions on cardiovascular diseases: assessing the impact of COVID-19 pandemic. An Italian prospective analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021. [PMCID: PMC8227343 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab061.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding
source(s): Non-conditioning grant from Sanofi Italia. Background. Awareness and risk knowledge are the first steps
along the complex journey leading to effective primordial, primary and
secondary cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention.
Interactions among people significantly influence awareness and personal
beliefs and favour behavioral changes. Given the increased use of Internet
to search information and share experiences on health, Web and social media
represent innovative health-information-gathering sources, facilitating
interactions and information exchanges able to influence health-related
behaviour. Purpose. This study is based on a longitudinal Web listening
analysis approach, aimed at analyzing and comparing Web discussions
collected before the COVID-19 pandemic (February
2018–February 2020) with those occurred during the first
pandemic wave in Italy (March–July 2020). Methods. A preliminary analysis of the data indexed by prominent
search engines (i.e., Google) was performed, followed by a
systematic process of data collection. Automated data identification was
analyzed using data mining techniques, machine learning and Natural Language
Processing (NLP) algorithms. This analysis was integrated by
a qualitative analysis. Results. In Italy, over the entire study timeframe, Web
conversations associated to health topics were primarily focused on vaccines
and tumors, and discussions on CVDs (about 235,000
conversations) were only at the 5th place. The main topics of the
conversations concerned symptoms (25%), treatments
(18%), causes of disease
(14%), quality of life
(13%). Conversations on prevention were marginal
(only 5%). During the pandemic timeframe discussion
topics were focused on the growing COVID-19 risk for people with CV
comorbidities, the risk linked to CVD therapies and the difficulties and
delays in accessing hospitals. Over 80% of patients were
not satisfied about their caring experience and such dissatisfaction grew
stronger during the pandemic. In this period, anxiety, frustration, fear and
depression were the mainly mentioned feelings. A good relationship with
physicians (empathy, understanding) was mentioned by
patients as a key factor of a positive caring experience. Conclusions. The limited attention to CVDs and their prevention
registered through the conversations on the Web is not consistent with the
epidemiological relevance of such diseases in terms of health risks and
mortality. Given the crucial role of Web interactions in influencing beliefs
and health-related behaviours, this study highlights the urgency to promote
novel prevention strategies and to engage people leveraging digital channels
and social media. The COVID-19 pandemic worsened the quality of relationship
and contact with physicians. Such evidence underlines further the need to
develop novel models of patient management - even remotely (digital
tools, telemedicine), to encourage citizen/patient involvement and
empowerment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Magni
- Universita" degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - I Cecchini
- IQVIA, Primary Market Research, Milan, Italy
| | - M Fortunati
- IQVIA, Primary Market Research, Milan, Italy
| | - M Biroli
- Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - E Folco
- Fondazione Italiana per il Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - D Giudice
- Fondazione Italiana per il Cuore, Milan, Italy
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Wilemon KA, Patel J, Aguilar-Salinas C, Ahmed CD, Alkhnifsawi M, Almahmeed W, Alonso R, Al-Rasadi K, Badimon L, Bernal LM, Bogsrud MP, Braun LT, Brunham L, Catapano AL, Cillíková K, Corral P, Cuevas R, Defesche JC, Descamps OS, de Ferranti S, Eiselé JL, Elikir G, Folco E, Freiberger T, Fuggetta F, Gaspar IM, Gesztes ÁG, Grošelj U, Hamilton-Craig I, Hanauer-Mader G, Harada-Shiba M, Hastings G, Hovingh GK, Izar MC, Jamison A, Karlsson GN, Kayikçioglu M, Koob S, Koseki M, Lane S, Lima-Martinez MM, López G, Martinez TL, Marais D, Marion L, Mata P, Maurina I, Maxwell D, Mehta R, Mensah GA, Miserez AR, Neely D, Nicholls SJ, Nohara A, Nordestgaard BG, Ose L, Pallidis A, Pang J, Payne J, Peterson AL, Popescu MP, Puri R, Ray KK, Reda A, Sampietro T, Santos RD, Schalkers I, Schreier L, Shapiro MD, Sijbrands E, Soffer D, Stefanutti C, Stoll M, Sy RG, Tamayo ML, Tilney MK, Tokgözoglu L, Tomlinson B, Vallejo-Vaz AJ, Vazquez-Cárdenas A, de Luca PV, Wald DS, Watts GF, Wenger NK, Wolf M, Wood D, Zegerius A, Gaziano TA, Gidding SS. Reducing the Clinical and Public Health Burden of Familial Hypercholesterolemia: A Global Call to Action. JAMA Cardiol 2021; 5:217-229. [PMID: 31895433 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2019.5173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Importance Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an underdiagnosed and undertreated genetic disorder that leads to premature morbidity and mortality due to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Familial hypercholesterolemia affects 1 in 200 to 250 people around the world of every race and ethnicity. The lack of general awareness of FH among the public and medical community has resulted in only 10% of the FH population being diagnosed and adequately treated. The World Health Organization recognized FH as a public health priority in 1998 during a consultation meeting in Geneva, Switzerland. The World Health Organization report highlighted 11 recommendations to address FH worldwide, from diagnosis and treatment to family screening and education. Research since the 1998 report has increased understanding and awareness of FH, particularly in specialty areas, such as cardiology and lipidology. However, in the past 20 years, there has been little progress in implementing the 11 recommendations to prevent premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in an entire generation of families with FH. Observations In 2018, the Familial Hypercholesterolemia Foundation and the World Heart Federation convened the international FH community to update the 11 recommendations. Two meetings were held: one at the 2018 FH Foundation Global Summit and the other during the 2018 World Congress of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Health. Each meeting served as a platform for the FH community to examine the original recommendations, assess the gaps, and provide commentary on the revised recommendations. The Global Call to Action on Familial Hypercholesterolemia thus represents individuals with FH, advocacy leaders, scientific experts, policy makers, and the original authors of the 1998 World Health Organization report. Attendees from 40 countries brought perspectives on FH from low-, middle-, and high-income regions. Tables listing country-specific government support for FH care, existing country-specific and international FH scientific statements and guidelines, country-specific and international FH registries, and known FH advocacy organizations around the world were created. Conclusions and Relevance By adopting the 9 updated public policy recommendations created for this document, covering awareness; advocacy; screening, testing, and diagnosis; treatment; family-based care; registries; research; and cost and value, individual countries have the opportunity to prevent atherosclerotic heart disease in their citizens carrying a gene associated with FH and, likely, all those with severe hypercholesterolemia as well.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jasmine Patel
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia Foundation, Pasadena, California
| | - Carlos Aguilar-Salinas
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia IberoAmericana Network, Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, México.,Departamaento de Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, México.,Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, México
| | | | - Mutaz Alkhnifsawi
- International Atherosclerosis Society, Milan, Italy.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Wael Almahmeed
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rodrigo Alonso
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia IberoAmericana Network, Madrid, Spain.,International Atherosclerosis Society, Milan, Italy.,Fundación Hipercolesterolemia Familiar, Madrid, Spain.,Nutrition Department, Clínica las Condes, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Khalid Al-Rasadi
- International Atherosclerosis Society, Milan, Italy.,Medical Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, IR-Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, CiberCV, Barcelona, Spain.,European Society of Cardiology, Biot, France
| | - Luz M Bernal
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Martin P Bogsrud
- Unit for Cardiac and Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity, and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lynne T Braun
- Department of Adult Health and Gerontological Nursing, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Liam Brunham
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alberico L Catapano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan and MultiMedica Institute for Research, Hospitalization, and Health Care, Milano, Italy.,European Atherosclerosis Society, Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Pablo Corral
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia IberoAmericana Network, Madrid, Spain.,FASTA University School of Medicine, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Joep C Defesche
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Olivier S Descamps
- FH Europe, Europe.,Centres Hospitaliers Jolimont, Haine Saint-Paul, Belgium.,Belchol, Belgium
| | - Sarah de Ferranti
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Gerardo Elikir
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia IberoAmericana Network, Madrid, Spain.,Sociedad Argentina de Lípidos, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Emanuela Folco
- International Atherosclerosis Society, Milan, Italy.,Italian Heart Foundation-Fondazione Italiana Per il Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Tomas Freiberger
- Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology and Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Francesco Fuggetta
- FH Europe, Europe.,Associazione Nazionale Ipercolesterolemia Familiare, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabel M Gaspar
- Lisbon Medical School, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental and Genetics Laboratory, Medical Genetics Department, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ákos G Gesztes
- FH Europe, Europe.,Szivesen Segitünk Neked, FH Hungary Patient Organisation, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Urh Grošelj
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, University Children's Hospital, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ian Hamilton-Craig
- Flinders University School of Medicine, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Centre Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gloria Hastings
- FH Europe, Europe.,Gruppo Italiano Pazienti-Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Milano, Italy
| | - G Kees Hovingh
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria C Izar
- Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Allison Jamison
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia Foundation, Pasadena, California
| | | | - Meral Kayikçioglu
- FH Europe, Europe.,Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.,Ailevi Hiperkolesterolemi Derneği (Association of Familial Hypercholesterolemia), Bayraklı/İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sue Koob
- Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Masahiro Koseki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Stacey Lane
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia Foundation, Pasadena, California
| | - Marcos M Lima-Martinez
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia IberoAmericana Network, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidad de Oriente, Ciudad Bolivar, Venezuela.,Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition Unit, Ciudad Bolivar, Venezuela
| | - Greizy López
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - David Marais
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Health Science Faculty, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Letrillart Marion
- FH Europe, Europe.,Association Nationale des Hypercholestérolémies Familiales, Reims, France
| | - Pedro Mata
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia IberoAmericana Network, Madrid, Spain.,Fundación Hipercolesterolemia Familiar, Madrid, Spain.,FH Europe, Europe
| | - Inese Maurina
- FH Europe, Europe.,ParSirdi.lv Patient Society, Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Roopa Mehta
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, México.,Departamaento de Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, México
| | - George A Mensah
- Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - André R Miserez
- Diagene Research Institute, Swiss FH Center, Reinach, Switzerland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dermot Neely
- Department of Blood Sciences, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,HEART UK, Berkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J Nicholls
- Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Atsushi Nohara
- Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Leiv Ose
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity, and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Athanasios Pallidis
- FH Europe, Europe.,Association of Familial Hypercholesterolemia, LDL Greece, Greece
| | - Jing Pang
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jules Payne
- FH Europe, Europe.,HEART UK, Berkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Amy L Peterson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Monica P Popescu
- FH Europe, Europe.,Fundația pentru Ocrotirea Bolnavilor cu Afectuni Cardiovasculare, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raman Puri
- Department of Cardiology, Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India.,Lipid Association of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Kausik K Ray
- European Atherosclerosis Society, Göteborg, Sweden.,Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College of London School of Public Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashraf Reda
- Cardiology Department, Menofia University, Shibin Al Kawm, Al Minufiyah, Egypt.,Egyptian Association of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tiziana Sampietro
- Lipoapheresis Unit, Reference Center for Inherited Dyslipidemias, Fondazione CRN-Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.,Italian Association of Inherited Dyslipidemias, Cascina Pisa, Italy
| | - Raul D Santos
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia IberoAmericana Network, Madrid, Spain.,International Atherosclerosis Society, Milan, Italy.,Lipid Clinic Heart Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, University of São Paulo Medical School Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Inge Schalkers
- FH Europe, Europe.,Harteraad, the Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Laura Schreier
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia IberoAmericana Network, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, IndianaFIBIOC-UBA, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Michael D Shapiro
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia Foundation, Pasadena, California.,Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Preventive Cardiology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Eric Sijbrands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel Soffer
- University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Claudia Stefanutti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Extracorporeal Therapeutic Techniques Unit, Lipid Clinic, Regional Centre for Rare Metabolic Diseases, Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Stoll
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia IberoAmericana Network, Madrid, Spain.,Honorary Commission for Cardiovascular Health, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rody G Sy
- Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | - Martha L Tamayo
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Myra K Tilney
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.,Lipid Clinic, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
| | - Lale Tokgözoglu
- European Atherosclerosis Society, Göteborg, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology of Cardiology, Hacettepe Univeristy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Brian Tomlinson
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Antonio J Vallejo-Vaz
- Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College of London School of Public Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alejandra Vazquez-Cárdenas
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia IberoAmericana Network, Madrid, Spain.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, México.,Associación Mexícana de Hipercolesterolemia Familiar, México
| | | | - David S Wald
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gerald F Watts
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Lipid Disorders Clinic, Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nanette K Wenger
- Emory Women's Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Michaela Wolf
- FASTA University School of Medicine, Mar del Plata, Argentina.,Patients' Organization for Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolaemia or Related Genetic Lipid Disorders, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David Wood
- World Heart Federation, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aram Zegerius
- Individuals With Familial Hypercholesterolemia, the Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas A Gaziano
- Sociedad Argentina de Lípidos, Cordoba, Argentina.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Barter PJ, Yamashita S, Laufs U, Ruiz AJ, Sy R, Fang MDG, Folco E, Libby P, Matsuzawa Y, Santos RD. Gaps in beliefs and practice in dyslipidaemia management in Japan, Germany, Colombia and the Philippines: insights from a web-based physician survey. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:131. [PMID: 32522192 PMCID: PMC7285462 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01265-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implementing evidence-based management of dyslipidaemia is a challenge worldwide. OBJECTIVES To understand physician beliefs and behaviour and identify uncertainties in dyslipidaemia management across four world regions. METHODS Web-based survey of 1758 physicians in Japan, Germany, Colombia and the Philippines who were selected randomly from existing databases. Key inclusion criteria were 1) for cardiologists and diabetes/endocrinology specialists: ≥50 dyslipidaemia patients examined in the last month; 2) for specialists in neurology/neurosurgery/stroke medicine: ≥50 dyslipidaemia patients and ≥ 20 patients with a history of ischaemic stroke examined in the last month; and 3) for specialists in nephrology and general medicine: based at centres with ≥20 beds and ≥ 50 dyslipidaemia patients examined in the last month. The self-report survey covered dyslipidaemia management, target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in different patient groups, and statin safety. All physicians gave voluntary consent and all data were anonymised. Analysis was solely descriptive. RESULTS The survey highlighted key areas of uncertainty in dyslipidaemia management in the four countries. These related to LDL-C targets in different patient groups, the safety of low LDL-C levels, the safety of statins, especially for effects on cognitive, renal and hepatic function and for haemorrhagic stroke risk, and lipid management strategies in patients with chronic kidney disease, including those with concomitant hypertriglyceridaemia. CONCLUSIONS This survey of physicians in Japan, Germany, Colombia and the Philippines has identified key gaps in knowledge about dyslipidaemia management. These relate to the safety of low LDL-C levels, the safety of statins, and lipid management of chronic kidney disease. The findings from this survey highlight the need for further education to improve the implementation of guideline recommendations for dyslipidaemia management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Barter
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shizuya Yamashita
- Rinku General Medical Center and Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | - Rody Sy
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines-Manila, Manila, the Philippines
| | - Mark David G Fang
- Cardinal Santos Medical Center, San Juan City, MetroManila, the Philippines
| | - Emanuela Folco
- International Atherosclerosis Society, Viale Piave 35, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter Libby
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | | | - Raul D Santos
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Heart Institute -InCor, University of São Paulo Medical School Hospital, Av Dr Enéas C. Aguiar 44, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP-05403-900, Brazil.
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6
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Franck G, Mawson T, Folco E, Molinaro R, Ruvkun V, Engelbertsen D, Liu X, Tesmenitsky Y, Shvartz E, Sukhova G, Michel J, Nicoletti A, Lichtman A, Wagner D, Libby K. Roles of PAD4 and netosis in experimental atherosclerosis and arterial injury: Implications for superficial erosion. Atherosclerosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Magni P, Bier DM, Pecorelli S, Agostoni C, Astrup A, Brighenti F, Cook R, Folco E, Fontana L, Gibson RA, Guerra R, Guyatt GH, Ioannidis JPA, Jackson AS, Klurfeld DM, Makrides M, Mathioudakis B, Monaco A, Patel CJ, Racagni G, Schünemann HJ, Shamir R, Zmora N, Peracino A. Perspective: Improving Nutritional Guidelines for Sustainable Health Policies: Current Status and Perspectives. Adv Nutr 2017; 8:532-545. [PMID: 28710141 PMCID: PMC5502870 DOI: 10.3945/an.116.014738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A large body of evidence supports the notion that incorrect or insufficient nutrition contributes to disease development. A pivotal goal is thus to understand what exactly is appropriate and what is inappropriate in food ingestion and the consequent nutritional status and health. The effective application of these concepts requires the translation of scientific information into practical approaches that have a tangible and measurable impact at both individual and population levels. The agenda for the future is expected to support available methodology in nutrition research to personalize guideline recommendations, properly grading the quality of the available evidence, promoting adherence to the well-established evidence hierarchy in nutrition, and enhancing strategies for appropriate vetting and transparent reporting that will solidify the recommendations for health promotion. The final goal is to build a constructive coalition among scientists, policy makers, and communication professionals for sustainable health and nutritional policies. Currently, a strong rationale and available data support a personalized dietary approach according to personal variables, including sex and age, circulating metabolic biomarkers, food quality and intake frequency, lifestyle variables such as physical activity, and environmental variables including one's microbiome profile. There is a strong and urgent need to develop a successful commitment among all the stakeholders to define novel and sustainable approaches toward the management of the health value of nutrition at individual and population levels. Moving forward requires adherence to well-established principles of evidence evaluation as well as identification of effective tools to obtain better quality evidence. Much remains to be done in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Magni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, and
| | - Dennis M Bier
- Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Carlo Agostoni
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, DISCCO, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Arne Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Furio Brighenti
- Department of Food Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Robert Cook
- Bazian, Economist Intelligence Unit Healthcare, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emanuela Folco
- Giovanni Lorenzini Medical Science Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Fontana
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy;,Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Robert A Gibson
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, FOODplus Research Centre, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ranieri Guerra
- Department of Preventive Health, Ministry of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Gordon H Guyatt
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - John PA Ioannidis
- Department of Health Policy and Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Ann S Jackson
- Giovanni Lorenzini Medical Science Foundation, Houston, TX
| | - David M Klurfeld
- Human Nutrition Program, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD
| | - Maria Makrides
- Healthy Mothers, Babies and Children, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | | | - Chirag J Patel
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Giorgio Racagni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, and
| | - Holger J Schünemann
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raanan Shamir
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, University of Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel; and
| | - Niv Zmora
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Andrea Peracino
- Giovanni Lorenzini Medical Science Foundation, Milan, Italy;
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Volpe M, Volpe R, Gallo G, Presta V, Tocci G, Folco E, Peracino A, Tremoli E, Trimarco B. 2017 Position Paper of the Italian Society for Cardiovascular Prevention (SIPREC) for an Updated Clinical Management of Hypercholesterolemia and Cardiovascular Risk: Executive Document. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2017; 24:313-329. [PMID: 28523635 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-017-0211-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The benefits achieved by implementing cardiovascular prevention strategies in terms of reduced incidence of atherosclerotic diseases and mortality are accepted, worldwide. In particular, the clinical management of hypercholesterolemia has a fundamental role for all preventive strategies, both in primary and secondary prevention, at each stage of cardiovascular risk. Since the net clinical benefit of lipid-lowering therapy largely depends on baseline individual cardiovascular risk profile, the assessment of individual risk is essential to establish type and intensity of both preventive and therapeutic strategies. Thus, the real challenge in a setting of clinical practice is not only to identify whom to treat among individuals at low-to-moderate risk, but mostly how much and how long to treat high or very-high risk patients. This manuscript, which reflects concepts and positions that have been published in a more extensive document of the Italian Society for Cardiovascular Prevention (SIPREC), deals with the diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients with dyslipidaemia, with an evidence-based approach adapted and updated from recent guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology and very recent results of randomized clinical trials. The purpose is to suggest a multidimensional and integrated actions aimed at eliminating or minimizing the impact of cardiovascular diseases and their related disabilities and mortality in patients with hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Volpe
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy. .,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
| | - Roberto Volpe
- Health and Safety Office, Italian National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Gallo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Vivianne Presta
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliano Tocci
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Emanuela Folco
- Italian Heart Foundation-Fondazione Italiana Per il Cuore (FIPC), Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Peracino
- Italian Heart Foundation-Fondazione Italiana Per il Cuore (FIPC), Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Tremoli
- Italian Heart Foundation-Fondazione Italiana Per il Cuore (FIPC), Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Trimarco
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Hypertension Research Centre, University of Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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9
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Santos RD, Gidding SS, Hegele RA, Cuchel MA, Barter PJ, Watts GF, Baum SJ, Catapano AL, Chapman MJ, Defesche JC, Folco E, Freiberger T, Genest J, Hovingh GK, Harada-Shiba M, Humphries SE, Jackson AS, Mata P, Moriarty PM, Raal FJ, Al-Rasadi K, Ray KK, Reiner Z, Sijbrands EJG, Yamashita S. Defining severe familial hypercholesterolaemia and the implications for clinical management: a consensus statement from the International Atherosclerosis Society Severe Familial Hypercholesterolemia Panel. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2016; 4:850-61. [PMID: 27246162 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(16)30041-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolaemia is common in individuals who had a myocardial infarction at a young age. As many as one in 200 people could have heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia, and up to one in 300 000 individuals could be homozygous. The phenotypes of heterozygous and homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia overlap considerably; the response to treatment is also heterogeneous. In this Review, we aim to define a phenotype for severe familial hypercholesterolaemia and identify people at highest risk for cardiovascular disease, based on the concentration of LDL cholesterol in blood and individuals' responsiveness to conventional lipid-lowering treatment. We assess the importance of molecular characterisation and define the role of other cardiovascular risk factors and advanced subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in risk stratification. Individuals with severe familial hypercholesterolaemia might benefit in particular from early and more aggressive cholesterol-lowering treatment (eg, with PCSK9 inhibitors). In addition to better tailored therapy, more precise characterisation of individuals with severe familial hypercholesterolaemia could improve resource use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul D Santos
- Lipid Clinic Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School Hospital, and Preventive Medicine Centre and Cardiology Program, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Samuel S Gidding
- Nemours Cardiac Center, A I DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Department of Medicine and Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Marina A Cuchel
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Philip J Barter
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gerald F Watts
- Lipid Disorders Clinic, Royal Perth Hospital, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Seth J Baum
- Preventive Cardiology, Christine E Lynn Women's Health & Wellness Institute, Boca Raton Regional Hospital, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Alberico L Catapano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Joep C Defesche
- University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Tomas Freiberger
- Molecular Genetics Lab, Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, and Ceitec, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jacques Genest
- McGill University Health Center, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - G Kees Hovingh
- University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Steve E Humphries
- Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Ann S Jackson
- International Atherosclerosis Society, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pedro Mata
- Fundación Hipercolesterolemia Familiar, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patrick M Moriarty
- Atherosclerosis and Lipoprotein-Apheresis Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Frederick J Raal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Kausik K Ray
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Zelijko Reiner
- European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitations, Zagreb, Croatia
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10
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Abstract
PDZ domain-containing proteins such as SAP97 and ZO-1 have been implicated in the targeting and clustering of ion channels. We have explored the interactions of these polypeptides with a cardiac voltage-gated potassium channel. Immunocytochemistry in cardiac myocytes revealed colocalization of SAP97 and Kv1.5, both at the intercalated disks and the lateral membranes. Transient transfection experiments in COS-7 cells revealed that SAP97 and Kv1.5 polypeptides formed perinuclear clustered complexes that could be coimmunoprecipitated. Mutation of the three COOH-terminal amino acid residues of Kv1.5 (T-D-L to A-A-A) abolished these interactions. Whereas in most COS-7 cells the SAP97-Kv1.5 complexes were retained in the ER, functional analyses in Xenopus oocytes showed that Kv1.5-encoded outward potassium currents were augmented by coexpression with SAP97. By contrast, cotransfected ZO-1 and Kv1.5 polypeptides in COS-7 cells could not be coprecipitated nor did the coinjection of ZO-1 augment the Kv1.5-encoded currents in oocytes. Collectively, our results suggest that SAP97 may play an important role in the modulation of Kv1.5 channel function in cardiac myocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Murata
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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11
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Curatti L, Folco E, Desplats P, Abratti G, Limones V, Herrera-Estrella L, Salerno G. Sucrose-phosphate synthase from Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803: identification of the spsA gene and characterization of the enzyme expressed in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 1998; 180:6776-9. [PMID: 9852031 PMCID: PMC107790 DOI: 10.1128/jb.180.24.6776-6779.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The first identification and characterization of a prokaryotic gene (spsA) encoding sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) is reported for Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803, a unicellular non-nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium. Comparisons of the deduced amino acid sequence and some relevant biochemical properties of the enzyme with those of plant SPSs revealed important differences in the N-terminal and UDP-glucose binding site regions, substrate specificities, molecular masses, subunit compositions, and regulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Curatti
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Fundación para Investigaciones Biológicas Aplicadas (FIBA) and PROBIOP-CONICET, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
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12
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Folco E, Mathur R, Mori Y, Buckett P, Koren G. A cellular model for long QT syndrome. Trapping of heteromultimeric complexes consisting of truncated Kv1.1 potassium channel polypeptides and native Kv1.4 and Kv1.5 channels in the endoplasmic reticulum. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:26505-10. [PMID: 9334228 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.42.26505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated that overexpression of a cRNA encoding a truncated potassium channel polypeptide that contains the NH2 terminus and the first transmembrane segment (Kv1.1N206Tag) abolished the expression of Kv1.1 and Kv1.5 outward currents in Xenopus oocytes (Babila, T., Moscucci, A., Wang, H., Weaver, F. E. & Koren, G. (1994) Neuron 12, 615-626). Recently, we showed that expression of Kv1.1N206Tag in the heart of transgenic mice resulted in the creation of mice with prolongation of the surface electrocardiogram's QT interval (London, B., Han, X., Folco, E. & Koren, G. (1996) Biophys. J. 70, A2601). To study the dominant negative mechanism of Kv1.1N206Tag, we overexpressed it in GH3 cells, a pituitary cell line expressing Kv1. 5 and Kv1.4. RNase protection analysis comparing the steady-state levels of native Kv1.5 and Kv1.1N206Tag transcripts revealed an excess of Kv1.1N206Tag transcript. Immunoprecipitation analysis using 12CA5 monoclonal antibody detected a 25-kDa polypeptide in the transfected cells. The half-life of Kv1.1N206Tag was 2.6 h. Subcellular fractionation of cell lysates labeled with [35S]methionine revealed that Kv1.1N206Tag polypeptide is detectable in the particulate (membranous) fraction, but not in the soluble (cytosol) fraction. A series of double immunoprecipitations with 12CA5 and polyclonal antibodies against Kv1.5 and Kv1.4 revealed that Kv1.1N206Tag forms heteromultimeric complexes with the native Kv1.4 and Kv1.5 polypeptides. The steady-state levels of Kv1.5 were not affected by the overexpression of Kv1.1N206Tag. Immunofluorescence colocalization and confocal microscopy analyses revealed that Kv1.1N206TagFlag did not reach the plasma membrane, and its distribution pattern was characteristic to that of a resident endoplasmic reticulum polypeptide. Our observations establish that the negative effect of Kv1.1N206Tag is mediated by the formation of heteromultimeric complexes with the native channels and by the retention of these complexes in the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Folco
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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13
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Abstract
A silencer element (Kv1.5 repressor element; KRE) was characterized by deletion analyses in the promoter of Kv1.5, a voltage-gated potassium channel. The silencer element selectively decreases expression of Kv1.5- and thymidine kinase-chloramphenicol acetyl-transferase reporter gene constructs in cell lines that do not express Kv1.5 polypeptide. It contains a dinucleotide repetitive element (poly(GT)19(GA)1(CA)15(GA)16), and self-associates spontaneously in vitro to form complexes with slow electrophoretic mobility. Deletion of the repetitive element abolished self-association in vitro and the silencing activity in transient transfection experiments in vivo. Electromobility gel shift assays of KRE with GH3 cells nuclear extracts detected the formation of a unique DNA-protein complex, which was not detectable in Chinese hamster ovary and COS-7 cells. This complex does not react with an antibody against nonhistone high mobility group 1 protein, which binds KRE in gel retardation assays. These observations establish that a dinucleotide tandem repeat sequence, capable of self-association, forms part of a cell-specific silencer element in a mammalian gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Mori
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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14
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Prado GN, Thomas KM, Suzuki H, LaRosa GJ, Wilkinson N, Folco E, Navarro J. Molecular characterization of a novel rabbit interleukin-8 receptor isotype. J Biol Chem 1994; 269:12391-4. [PMID: 8175642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-8 (IL-8) mediates the transendothelial migration and activation of neutrophils to the site of inflammation. Two human IL-8 receptor isotype (A and B) and one rabbit IL-8 receptor isotype (A) cDNAs have been previously cloned and characterized on the basis of their pharmacological profile. Human and rabbit IL-8 receptor subtype A binds IL-8 and structurally related peptide melanoma growth-stimulating activity (MGSA) and neutrophil-activating peptide-2 (NAP-2) according to the following affinity binding profile: IL-8 >>> MGSA > NAP-2, whereas the human IL-8 receptor subtype B profile is IL-8 = MGSA > NAP-2 (LaRosa, G., Thomas, K. M., Kaufmann, M., Mark, R., White, M., Taylor, L., Gray, G., Witt, D., and Navarro, J. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 25402-25406). In this study, we isolated a cDNA clone (5B1a) from a rabbit neutrophil library encoding a G-protein-coupled receptor of the interleukin-8 receptor family. The 5B1a clone encodes a 358-amino acid protein exhibiting 80% amino acid identity to the human IL-8 receptor B, 74% to the rabbit IL-8 receptor A, and 73% to the human IL-8 receptor A. Tissue distribution by Northern blot analysis reveals that the 5B1a mRNA is expressed preferentially in neutrophils. In contrast to previously described IL-8 receptors, the 5B1a receptor exhibited specific 125I-IL-8 binding with a novel affinity binding profile of IL-8 >> NAP-2 > MGSA. The corresponding apparent Ki values for IL-8, NAP-2, and MGSA were 4, 120, and 320 nM, respectively. IL-8 induced intracellular calcium mobilization and desensitization in Chinese hamster ovary cells stably transfected with 5B1a, indicating that this cDNA encodes a functional IL-8 receptor. Sequence analysis of the 5B1a protein with other IL-8 receptor subtypes within the framework of their pharmacological profile reveals putative structural motifs that may correspond to the ligand binding site of the IL-8 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- G N Prado
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Sealy Center for Molecular Science, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555
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15
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Prado G, Thomas K, Suzuki H, LaRosa G, Wilkinson N, Folco E, Navarro J. Molecular characterization of a novel rabbit interleukin-8 receptor isotype. J Biol Chem 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)99883-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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16
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Mori Y, Matsubara H, Folco E, Siegel A, Koren G. The transcription of a mammalian voltage-gated potassium channel is regulated by cAMP in a cell-specific manner. J Biol Chem 1993; 268:26482-93. [PMID: 8253777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcript of Kv1.5, a Shaker-like delayed rectifier K+ channel cloned in our laboratory, is regulated in both tissue and developmentally specific manners. In this study we characterized the 5'-flanking region of the Kv1.5 gene. The gene lacks a canonical TATA box, has several transcription start sites, and the 5'-noncoding sequence is intronless. A cAMP response element (CRE) consensus signal was identified in the 5'-noncoding region. cAMP regulates the expression of Kv1.5 gene in a cell-specific manner. In primary cardiac cells, cAMP induces a 6-fold increase in the steady state levels of Kv1.5 transcript. However, in GH3 cells cAMP induces a 5-6-fold decrease in steady state levels of Kv1.5 transcript. The half-life of Kv1.5 transcript is 37 min and is not affected by cAMP. Nuclear run-on experiments show that in GH3 cells, cAMP reduces the transcription rate of Kv1.5 gene. Transient transfection assays using 5'-deletion mutations of Kv1.5 5'-flanking sequences revealed that the CRE located at +636 can confer the cAMP inducibility to Kv1.5 reporter gene constructs and binds to CRE-binding protein (CREB) and CRE modulator protein (CREM) in electromobility gel shift assays. Furthermore, KCl-induced depolarization can increase the steady state levels of Kv1.5 transcript in primary atrial cells and decrease it in GH3 cells. We conclude that cAMP and depolarization play an important role in regulating K+ channel expression and thus may induce long term effects on the pattern of electrical activity of excitable cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Mori
- Division of Cardiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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