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Semiz HS, Pala EE, Can B, Atag E, Gungor H, Sancı M. cERBB-2/Her-2 Neu Overexpression and Prognostic Significance in Uterine Carcinosarcoma. Turk Patoloji Derg 2023; 39:55-63. [PMID: 36178283 PMCID: PMC10518127 DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2022.01588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is not enough data in the literature regarding Her-2 overexpression in uterine carcinosarcomas or its association with the prognosis. The aim of this study was to determine the Her-2 overexpression rate in uterine carcinosarcoma and to evaluate its relationship with the prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHOD Her-2 protein and gene status were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), respectively, in hysterectomy specimens from 51 patients with uterine carcinosarcoma. RESULTS Her-2 protein expression in the epithelial component was negative in 42 patients (score 0 in 33 cases, score (+1) in 9 cases), score (+2) in 7 patients and score (+3) in 2 patients. None of the patients had Her-2 protein expression within the sarcomatous component of the tumors. Her-2 gene was not amplified in epithelial or mesenchymal tumor areas according to the FISH method. There was no difference between the Her-2 overexpression negative and positive groups in terms of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Her-2 overexpression was significantly higher in tumors of patients diagnosed at 65 years or older (p=0.046). CONCLUSION In our study, no relationship could be shown between Her-2 overexpression and prognosis in uterine carcinosarcoma. More comprehensive studies are needed to illustrate the relationship between Her-2 overexpression and carcinosarcoma prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Salih Semiz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University Institute of Oncology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Emel Ebru Pala
- Department of Pathology, Health Science University, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Behzat Can
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Health Science University, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elif Atag
- Department of Medical Oncology, Health Science University, Istanbul Haydarpaşa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hatice Gungor
- Department of Medical Oncology, Health Science University, Istanbul Haydarpaşa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Sancı
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Health Science University, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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Pala EE, Pala HG, Ekmekci S, Erbas O. Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) protects from neuropathy caused by cisplatin, through enhanced heat shock protein-70 and reduced oxidant effect. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2022; 68:1017-1022. [PMID: 36134830 PMCID: PMC9574981 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20220032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine whether vitamin C has a protective effect on cisplatin-induced neuropathy in rats. METHODS: In total, 24 rats were included in the study of which 8 rats (no drug administered) were categorized as the control group. The remaining 16 rats were given a total dose of 20 mg/kg cisplatin to induce neuropathy. These drug-administered rats (16 rats) were randomly divided into two groups, namely, group-1 (n=8): cisplatin+saline and group-2 (n=8): cisplatin+vitamin C (500 mg/kg/day). All rats were tested for motor function and electromyographic activity 3 days after cisplatin. Motor performance was evaluated by an inclined-plane test. Compound muscle action potential was evaluated. Plasma malondialdehyde, glutathione, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6, and sciatic nerve HSP 70 levels were measured. Axon diameter and nerve growth factor expression levels were analyzed. RESULTS: Plasma malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin 6 levels were higher in the cisplatin+saline group than control group (p<0.001). But vitamin C significantly reduced malondialdehyde and inflammatory cytokine levels when compared with the cisplatin+saline group (p<0.001). Glutathione levels were lower in both cisplatin+saline and cisplatin+vitamin C groups than control group, but vitamin C significantly ameliorated the glutathione levels (p<0.05). Sciatic heat shock protein-70 levels were significantly higher in the cisplatin+vitamin C group than cisplatin+saline group. Compound muscle action potential amplitude and inclined plane test scores were significantly improved in the vitamin C group (p<0.05). Axon diameter and nerve growth factor expression ameliorated with vitamin C (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated the ameliorated effects of vitamin C on cisplatin-induced neuropathy through increased heat shock protein-70, nerve growth factor levels, and reduced inflammatory and oxidant effects. The results are promising to improve the neurotoxic effects of cisplatin in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Ebru Pala
- University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Health Practice & Research Center, Department of Pathology - Izmir, Turkey
| | - Halil Gursoy Pala
- University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Health Practice & Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sumeyye Ekmekci
- University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Health Practice & Research Center, Department of Pathology - Izmir, Turkey
| | - Oytun Erbas
- Bilim University Medical Faculty, Department of Physiology - Istanbul, Turkey
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Pala HG, Pala EE, Artunc Ulkumen B, Erbas O. Protective effects of dichloroacetic acid on endometrial injury and ovarian reserve in an experimental rat model of diabetes mellitus. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021; 47:4319-4328. [PMID: 34595798 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM To study (1) ovarian and endometrial damage caused by the hyperglycemia and (2) the effects of dichloroacetic acid (DCA) on follicular reserve and endometrial damage in streptozocin induced diabetic rats. METHODS This study consisted 24 rats randomly separated into three groups. A diabetes model was achieved in 16 rats experimentally, and normoglycemic eight rats were assigned as control group (Group 1). The rats with diabetes were randomly separated to two groups: 1 mL/kg/day intraperitoneal 0.9% NaCl was given to eight rats as diabetic vehicle (Group 2) and 10 mg/kg/day DCA was given to other eight rats as DCA treated group (Group 3). Hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy was performed for histopathological evaluation and blood samples were collected after 4 weeks. RESULTS Diabetes caused ovarian and endometrial damage (p < 0.0001). Pentraxin-3 (PTX-3), lactic acid, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) were higher (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, and p < 0.0001, respectively), whereas anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) was lower in diabetic rats (p < 0.05). These findings reflected the diabetic damage in the genital tract and diminished ovarian reserve occurred via fibrosis, severe inflammation, and oxidative stress. DCA improved the histopathological fibrosis and degeneration in the ovaries and endometrium (p < 0.05). There was a concominant decrease of TGF-β and lactic acid levels with DCA treatment (p < 0.05). DCA also improved ovarian reserve with higher AMH levels (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The several unfavored changes in the endometrium and ovaries due to diabetes have been determined in this present study. DCA might provide the continuity of the endometrial cycle, physiological endometrial structure, ovarian follicular growth, oocyte maturation, and physiological ovarian function by decreasing the lactate levels via inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halil Gursoy Pala
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Emel Ebru Pala
- Department of Pathology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Burcu Artunc Ulkumen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hafsa Sultan Hospital, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Oytun Erbas
- Department of Physiology, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Pala EE, Ekmekci S, Kilic M, Dursun A, Colakoglu G, Karaali C, Emiroglu M, Emiroglu M. Granulomatous Mastitis: A Clinical and Diagnostic Dilemma. Turk Patoloji Derg 2021; 38:40-45. [PMID: 34558655 PMCID: PMC9999696 DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2021.01554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is a challenging inflammatory disorder of the breast. In this study we aimed to present the detailed clinical and morphological features of GM cases, diagnostic clues for specific and idiopathic etiologies, the difficulties in evaluating trucut biopsies, and the results of different therapeutic approaches. MATERIAL AND METHOD We retrospectively analysed the clinical, radiological and morphological features of 114 GM cases diagnosed with fine needle aspiration, and trucut, incisional, and excisional biopsy. RESULTS The mean age was 35.8. Only eight cases were older than 45 years. Bilateral involvement was observed in 4 (3.5%) cases. The most common clinical symptoms were breast mass/abscesses, tenderness, and skin changes. Microbiological culture was positive in 4 cases for gram-positive bacteria. Only 3 cases showed a positive tuberculin/PCR test for tuberculosis. The major USG finding was a hypoechoic well-defined or ill-defined mass/abscess; MRI finding was heterogeneous non-mass contrast enhancement. Cases diagnosed with cytology (35 cases) did not have breast malignancy either in their history or clinical follow up period. Fine needle aspiration cytology materials revealed epitheloid granulomas mixed with neutrophils, lymphocytes accompanied by giant cells, and suppurative necrosis. Histopathological reevaluation of 65 trucut/incisional/ excisional biopsies revealed granuloma formation in 65 (100%), Langhans type giant cells in 59 (90.7%), microabscess formation in 41 (63%), caseous necrosis in 1 (1.5%), neutrophilic cysts in 30 (46.1%), eosinophilic infiltration in 48 (73.8%), interlobular inflammation in 14 (21.5%), fat necrosis in 5 (7.6%), ductal ectasia in 6 (9.2%), and lactational changes in 4 (6.1%) cases. Granulomas were lobulocentric in 58 cases, foreign body type/fat necrosis-related in 6 case, and periductular in 1 case. Cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis was observed in one case. We also evaluated the histochemical stains of these 65 biopsies. Only one sample was positive for acido-resistant bacilli (ARB) by the EZN method and one sample was positive for gram-positive bacilli by gram stain. CONCLUSION Small, superficial trucut biopsies may cause difficulties in determining the etiology and differential diagnosis of granulomatous mastitis. For optimal management and timing the appropriate therapy, the ideal biopsy procedure, special stains, and a multidisciplinary team consisting of the surgeon, pathologist, and radiologist are the most important issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Ebru Pala
- Department of Pathology, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, IZMIR, TURKEY
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Abstract
Background Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare group of neoplastic diseases resulting from Langerhans dendritic cells. The most common site (80%) is bones. Thyroid gland involvement is exceedingly rare and usually expected to be seen as a part of multisystemic disease. Case Report We present a 45 year old male patient operated due to multinodular goiter and neck pain, and diagnosed with LCH in his postoperative pathologic examination. As a result of the systemic screening performed after the pathological diagnosis, the disease was interestingly localized to the thyroid gland. Systemic involvement did not develop in the two-year follow-up of the patient who did not receive additional chemotherapy treatment. Conclusion It is difficult to diagnose LCH in the thyroid gland before surgery. Although surgical treatment with or without chemotherapy is recommended, surgery is not recommended alone since it is generally systemic involvement. However, in primary thyroid LCH cases limited to the thyroid gland, we recommend that only total thyroidectomy treatment should be kept in mind.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dursun
- Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - General Surgery, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - L Ugurlu
- Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - General Surgery, Izmir, Turkey
| | - C Aydin
- Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - General Surgery, Izmir, Turkey
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Sarıoğlu FC, Pekçevik Y, Şahin H, Kebapçı E, Pala EE. Primary paraspinal lumbar hydatid disease: A known diagnosis in an unusual localization. Turk J Surg 2018; 34:346-348. [PMID: 30664440 DOI: 10.5152/ucd.2016.3151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hydatid disease is a parasitic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Although the liver and lung are the most common sites of hydatid disease, it can also be seen in other organs due to migration via systemic circulation. Paraspinal lumbar hydatid disease without the involvement of other organs is extremely rare. We aimed to present the imaging and histopathological findings of a case with painful lumbar swelling that was later diagnosed as primary lumbar paraspinal hydatid disease. Hydatid disease should be considered as the differential diagnosis in patients with a lumbar paraspinal mass, particularly that containing multiple well-defined, round, small cysts, and in patients living in or traveling to endemic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Ceren Sarıoğlu
- Department of Radiology, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Pekçevik
- Department of Radiology, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Hilal Şahin
- Department of Radiology, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Eyüp Kebapçı
- Department of General Surgery, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Emel Ebru Pala
- Department of Pathology, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
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Ekmekçi S, Küçük Ü, Çakır E, Pala EE, Abdullazade S, Çakmak Ö. Primary Localized Amyloidosis of the Bladder Mimicking Neoplasia. jus 2018. [DOI: 10.4274/jus.1454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Cakir E, Kucuk U, Pala EE, Sezer O, Ekin RG, Cakmak O. Cytopathologic differential diagnosis of low-grade urothelial carcinoma and reactive urothelial proliferation in bladder washings: a logistic regression analysis. APMIS 2017; 125:431-436. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Cakir
- Department of Pathology; İzmir Katip Celebi University; Ataturk Education and Research Hospital; Izmir Turkey
| | - Ulku Kucuk
- Department of Pathology; Izmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital; Izmir Turkey
| | - Emel Ebru Pala
- Department of Pathology; Izmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital; Izmir Turkey
| | - Ozlem Sezer
- Pathology Laboratory; Hakkari State Hospital; Hakkari Turkey
| | - Rahmi Gokhan Ekin
- Department of Urology; Izmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital; Izmir Turkey
| | - Ozgur Cakmak
- Department of Urology; Izmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital; Izmir Turkey
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Konyalioglu E, Tarhan H, Cakmak O, Pala EE, Zorlu F. Prostate cancer volume estimations based on transrectal ultrasonography-guided biopsy in order to predict clinically significant prostate cancer. Int Braz J Urol 2015. [PMID: 26200537 PMCID: PMC4752136 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2014.0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tumor diameter is a reliable parameter to estimate tumor volume in solid organ cancers; its use in prostate cancer is controversial since it exhibits a more irregular pattern of growth. This study aimed to examine the association between the tumor volume estimations based on transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided biopsy results and the tumor volume measured on the pathological specimen. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 237 patients who underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) were included in this retrospective study. The differences and correlations between cancer volume estimations based on TRUS guided biopsy findings and cancer volume estimations based on post-prostatectomy pathology specimens were examined. In addition, diagnostic value of TRUS guided biopsy-based volume estimations in order to predict clinically significant cancer (>0.5 cc) were calculated. RESULTS The mean cancer volume estimated using TRUS biopsy results was lower (5.5±6.5 cc) than the mean cancer volume calculated using prostatectomy specimens (6.4±7.6 cc) (p<0.041).TRUS guided biopsy examination resulted in 5 false positive and 15 false negative cases. There was a significant but weak correlation between the two parameters (r=0.62, p<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of TRUS guided biopsy in predicting the presence of clinically significant cancer was 93.4% (95% CI, 89.1-96.1) and 50.0% (95% CI, 20.1-79.9), respectively. CONCLUSIONS TRUS guided biopsy-derived estimations seem to have a limited value to predict pathologically established tumor volume. Further studies are warranted to identify additional methods that may more accurately predict actual pathological characteristics and prognosis of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huseyin Tarhan
- Department of Urology, Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Cakmak
- Department of Urology, Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Emel Ebru Pala
- Department of Pathology, Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ferruh Zorlu
- Department of Urology, Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Paratesticular tumors, which comprise a heterogeneous group of entities, are often described in case reports in the literature. In this study, we present histomorphological, immunohistochemical and clinical features of six cases with paratesticular sarcoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS Six cases with paratesticular sarcoma diagnosed in our hospital between 1997 and 2012 were included in this study. Information regarding treatment modalities, tumor recurrence, metastasis, and survival were obtained from archival patient records. Hematoxylin-eosin sections of the cases were examined, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed for markers including smooth muscle actin, desmin, Ki67, CD34, S100 and myogenin. Percentage of staining in five high-power fields were counted to document Ki67 and p53 nuclear positivity rates. RESULTS Of the 6 paratesticular sarcoma cases, 3 were rhabdomyosarcomas, 2 leiomyosarcomas and 1 liposarcoma. The case with sclerotic-type liposarcoma showed two recurrences during the 15-year follow-up period. Two cases with the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma presented with lung metastases at the time of diagnosis, and 1 patient died of the disease at 7(th) month. Of the 3 cases with rhabdomyosarcomas, 2 patients were lost to postoperative follow up. The other patient presented with liver and prevertebral metastasis at the 3(rd) month and died of the disease in the 14(th) month. The Ki67 proliferation index was significantly higher for one case with rhabdomyosarcoma, and 2 cases with leiomyosarcoma. Differences in p53 expression were not statistically significant between the cases. CONCLUSION Paratesticular tumors belong to a heterogeneous group of tumors that can follow different clinical courses. This study showed that the most important features in determining prognosis are histopathological subtype and tumor grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ülkü Küçük
- Clinic of Pathology, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ümit Bayol
- Clinic of Pathology, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Emel Ebru Pala
- Clinic of Pathology, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Özlem Akman
- Clinic of Pathology, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Rauf Taner Divrik
- Clinic of Urology, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
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Erbas O, Pala HG, Pala EE, Oltulu F, Aktug H, Yavasoglu A, Taskiran D. Ovarian failure in diabetic rat model: nuclear factor-kappaB, oxidative stress, and pentraxin-3. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 53:498-503. [PMID: 25510691 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) on ovarian reserve and injury by considering laboratory and histopathological parameters in rat models. MATERIALS AND METHODS An experimental DM model was created in 16 rats. Eight rats with normal blood glucose levels were included in the control group. Diabetic rats were divided randomly into two groups: nontreated and resveratrol-treated groups. Histopathological examination and nuclear factor (NF)-κB immunoexpression level determination were performed. Plasma malondialdehyde, glutathione, pentraxin-3, and anti-Müllerian hormone levels were measured. Relations between the variables were compared by Student t test, analysis of variance, and Mann-Whitney U and χ(2) tests. RESULTS We found statistically significantly lower glutathione and anti-Müllerian hormone levels, and higher malondialdehyde and pentraxin-3 levels in nontreated diabetic group when compared with the control and resveratrol-treated diabetic groups. Stromal degeneration, follicle degeneration, stromal fibrosis scores, and NF-κB immunoexpression levels were significantly higher in nontreated diabetic rats. Primordial and primary follicle counts were significantly lower in the nontreated diabetic group when compared with the control and resveratrol-treated groups. There was no statistically significant difference in secondary and tertiary follicles between these groups. CONCLUSION These findings provide strong evidence that the ovarian follicle pool in nontreated diabetic rats is affected in the early stages of the follicle development process. We precluded negative effects of DM on ovaries by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway with resveratrol. We thought that the NF-κB pathway plays a role in the pathophysiology of ovarian failure in diabetic rats. Further studies should evaluate this precise mechanism that leads to a decline in the anti-Müllerian hormone levels. In addition, the relationship between this abnormality and reproductive function in diabetic patients should be analyzed further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oytun Erbas
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Halil Gursoy Pala
- Obstetrics and Gynecology-Perinatology Department, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.
| | - Emel Ebru Pala
- Pathology Department, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fatih Oltulu
- Histology and Embryology Department, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Aktug
- Histology and Embryology Department, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Altug Yavasoglu
- Histology and Embryology Department, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Dilek Taskiran
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Erbas O, Pala HG, Pala EE, Artunc Ulkumen B, Akman L, Akman T, Oltulu F, Aktug H, Yavasoglu A. Therapeutic effect of sunitinib on diabetes mellitus related ovarian injury: an experimental rat model study. Gynecol Endocrinol 2015; 31:388-91. [PMID: 25703256 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2015.1005593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study is to investigate the effect of sunitinib on diabetes mellitus related-ovarian injury and fibrosis in rat models. An experimental diabetes mellitus model was created in 16 rats, and eight rats with normal blood glucose levels were included in control group (Group-1). The diabetic rats were divided into two groups:diabetic control group (water given) - Group-2 and sunitinib treatment group - Group-3. After four weeks, bilateral oophorectomy was performed and ovaries were examined histologically. The groups were compared by Student's t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Mann-Whitney's U-test. There was a significant increase in no-medication (water given) diabetic rat's ovary (Group-2) in terms of follicular degeneration, stromal degeneration, stromal fibrosis and NF-kappaB immune-expression compared with control group normal rats' ovary (Group-1) (p < 0.0001). Stromal degeneration (p = 0.04), stromal fibrosis (p = 0.01), follicular degeneration (p = 0.02), NF-kappaB immune-expression (p = 0.001) significantly decreased in sunitinib-treated diabetic rat's ovary (Group-3) when compared with no-medication (water given) diabetic rat's ovary (Group-2) (p < 0.05). When we used sunitinib in the treatment of diabetic rats, ovarian injury, fibrosis and NF-kappaB immunoexpression decreased significantly. The effects of sunitinib in rat models give hope to the improved treatment of premature ovarian failure due to diabetes mellitus in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oytun Erbas
- Physiology Department, Istanbul Bilim University School of Medicine , Istanbul , Turkey
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Kucuk U, Pala EE, Cakır E, Sezer O, Bayol U, Divrik RT, Cakmak O. Clinical, demographic and histopathological prognostic factors for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Cent European J Urol 2015; 68:30-6. [PMID: 25914835 PMCID: PMC4408388 DOI: 10.5173/ceju.2015.01.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our aim is to evaluate the influence of clinical and histopathological parameters, including age, gender, tumor stage, grade, tumor differentiation, necrosis, lymphovascular/perineural invasion (LVI/PNI) and concomitant carcinoma in situ (CIS), on outcomes of patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 84 patients who underwent radical cystectomy (RC) (n = 11) and radical cystoprostatectomy (n = 73) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer at our hospital between 2007-2013, were included in the study. RESULTS The mean age of patients at diagnosis was 66.1, of whom 75 were males and 9 were females. Of the 84 patients, 38 were ≤65 years and 46 were >65 years. Mean tumor diameter was 3.66 cm. There were 38 cases which showed divergent differentiations. Concomitant CIS was observed in 30 tumors, 41 cases showed tumor necrosis, 44 PNI and 61 LVI. The rate of overall survival (OS) in patients aged ≤65 years was statistically significantly higher than in those aged >65 years. A negative statistical relationship was found between OS with lymph node metastasis (LNM) and tumor differentiation. On the other hand, necrosis did not remain significant on multivariate analysis. No statistically significant relationship was found between smoking, tumor stage, PNI, LVI and concomitant CIS and OS. CONCLUSIONS In this study, advanced age, LNM, tumor differentiation were found to be independent prognostic risk factors associated with OS after RC. These additional factors, which may explain the different clinical course in patients with similar tumor stage and lymph node status, should be taken into consideration in treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulku Kucuk
- Izmir Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Department of Pathology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Emel Ebru Pala
- Izmir Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Department of Pathology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ebru Cakır
- Izmir Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Department of Pathology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Sezer
- Izmir Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Department of Pathology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Umit Bayol
- Izmir Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Department of Pathology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Rauf Taner Divrik
- Sifa Universitiy Medical Faculty, Department of Urology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Cakmak
- Izmir Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Department of Urology, Izmir, Turkey
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Kucuk U, Keskin EU, Bayol U, Pala EE, Colak MA, Cukurova I, Degirmenci M. p16 Expression of Mouthfloor/Base & Tonsillary Region Tumors: A Predictive Marker for Survival? Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.07.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Artunc-Ulkumen B, Pala HG, Pala EE, Yavasoglu A, Yigitturk G, Erbas O. Exenatide improves ovarian and endometrial injury and preserves ovarian reserve in streptozocin induced diabetic rats. Gynecol Endocrinol 2015; 31:196-201. [PMID: 25366063 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2014.975686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate: (1) endometrial and ovarian tissue injury caused by the glucose toxicity in diabetic rat model and (2) the effect of GLP-1 analog (exenatide) on endometrial and ovarian diabetes induced injury with emphasizing the underlying mechanism. The study group composed of 24 female rats assigned randomly into 3 groups. Group 1 was the control group (n = 8) and received no treatment. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin for 16 rats which are further assigned randomly into 2 groups: 1 ml/kg intraperitoneal saline was given to Group-2 (diabetic non-treated control group, 8 rats) and 10 µg/kg/day of intraperitoneal exenatide was given to Group 3 (exenatide treated group, 8 rats) for four weeks. After four weeks, blood samples were collected and hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy was performed for histopathological examination. Diabetes caused endometrial and ovarian tissue injury in rats (p < 0.0001). Serum transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß), malonylaldehyde (MDA), pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) levels were higher in diabetic rats (p < 0.0001), whereas antimullerian hormone (AMH) was lower (p < 0.001). Serum levels of these markers reflected that Diabetes induced injury in the reproductive tract occured via oxidative stress, fibrosis and severe inflammation. Diabetes diminished ovarian reserve. Exenatide treatment improved the histological degeneration and fibrosis in the endometrium and ovary with concomitant decrease in inflammatory and oxidative stress markers (p < 0.05). Exenatide also improved ovarian reserve (p < 0.05). Glucose toxicity occured severely in ovary and endometrium in DM. After exenatide treatment; ovarian and endometrial injury and fibrosis seems to decrease significantly. The effects of exenatide in rat models give hope to prevent the women with DM from premature ovarian failure and endometrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Artunc-Ulkumen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Perinatology Division, Celal Bayar University School of Medicine, Manisa , Turkey
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Solmaz U, Mat E, Dereli ML, Turan V, Tosun G, Dogan A, Sanci M, Ozdemir IA, Pala EE. Lymphovascular space invasion and positive pelvic lymph nodes are independent risk factors for para-aortic nodal metastasis in endometrioid endometrial cancer. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2015; 186:63-7. [PMID: 25638600 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Para-aortic lymph node dissemination in endometrioid endometrial cancer is uncommon, and systematic para-aortic lymph node dissection increases morbidity. The purpose of this study was to identify a subgroup of endometrioid endometrial cancer patients who did not require para-aortic lymphadenectomy. STUDY DESIGN All patients who had undergone surgery for endometrioid endometrial cancer between 1 January 1995 and 31 December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with higher risk factors for nodal metastasis and inadequate lymphadenectomy were excluded. Para-aortic lymph node dissemination was defined as nodal metastasis when pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection was performed, when para-aortic lymph node recurrence occurred after negative para-aortic lymph node dissection or when para-aortic lymph node dissection was not performed. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify the pathological features as predictors for para-aortic lymphatic dissemination. RESULTS A total of 827 patients were assessed, 516 (62.4%) of whom underwent pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection. Sixty-seven (13%) patients (37 with only pelvic, 26 with pelvic and para-aortic, and 4 with only para-aortic metastasis) had positive lymph nodes in the pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection group. Multivariate analysis confirmed positive pelvic nodes (odds ratio 20.58; p<0.001) and lymphovascular space invasion (odds ratio 8.10; p=0.022) as independent predictors of para-aortic lymphatic dissemination. When these two factors were absent (in 83% of patients), the predicted probability of para-aortic lymph node metastasis was 0.1%. CONCLUSION Positive pelvic nodes and lymphovascular space invasion are highly associated with para-aortic lymph node metastasis. These markers may be useful for identifying those patients who require para-aortic lymph node dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulas Solmaz
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Emre Mat
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Murat Levent Dereli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tavas State Hospital, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Volkan Turan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Tosun
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Askin Dogan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Sanci
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - I Aykut Ozdemir
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Emel Ebru Pala
- Department of Pathology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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Pala EE, Bayol Ü, Özgüzer A, Küçük Ü, Akdeniz ÇY, Sezer Ö. Problems In Determining Her2 Status In Breast Carcinoma. J Breast Health 2015; 11:10-16. [PMID: 28331683 DOI: 10.5152/tjbh.2014.2103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) oncoprotein is overexpressed in 15-25% of breast carcinomas and associated with poor outcome. Assessment of HER2 status accurately is important to select patients who will benefit from targeted therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to determine the HER2 status in 308 breast carcinoma cases of which 129 were consultation. The major problems in determining HER2 status and the reasons of discordant results between methods were discussed. RESULTS HER2 expression was (-) in 124, (+) in 29, (++) in 92, (+++) in 63 cases. 25 of 76 cases consulted as (++) were evaluated as (++) and 15 of 35 cases consulted as (+++) were evaluated as (+++). HER2 amplification was found in 88 (28.6%) of 308 cases by FISH. 3 of 124 (-), 1 of 29 (+), 22 of 92 (++), 62 of 63 (+++) cases were amplified by FISH. The relation between HER2 expression and amplification was statistically significant (p<0.001). Centromere 17 (CEN 17) region amplification was noted in 11 cases of which 2 were (+++), 9 were (++). 6 of the 11 cases showed focal low level, 1 of them showed diffuse high level amplification. CONCLUSION The concordance rate between IHC (+++) cases and FISH was 95.4% for consultation cases, 100% for our cases. The final concordance rate for both case groups was 98.4%. The possible reasons of discrepancy were triple negativity, preanalytical and analytical procedures of consultation cases and trucut samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Ebru Pala
- Clinic of Pathology, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ümit Bayol
- Clinic of Pathology, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Alp Özgüzer
- Clinic of Pathology, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ülkü Küçük
- Clinic of Pathology, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | | | - Özlem Sezer
- Clinic of Pathology, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
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Kucuk U, Pala EE, Bayol U, Cakir E, Cukurova I, Gumussoy M. Huge congenital haemangioma of the tongue. J PAK MED ASSOC 2014; 64:1415-1416. [PMID: 25842590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Haemangiomas, the most common type of benign vascular tumours, are rare in the oral cavity. Some of these lesions are congenital and show symptoms in late childhood or early adult life. A 32-years-old woman presented with a huge lesion on her tongue which caused dysphagia and dysphasia. She had first noticed the lesion when she was 6. Her obstructive symptoms started when she was 28 and, despite various medical treatments, the size of the lesion gradually increased. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 7 x 5 x 3 cm mass on the right side of the tongue. Because of severe functional and cosmetic problems, the lesion was excised with partial haemiglossectomy. Histopathological examination was consistent with intramuscular haemangioma. Haemangiomas are benign tumours with a benign course and are rarely seen on the tongue. They have clinical importance when localised in the oral cavity. Different treatment modalities exist, but in cases of large tumours, surgery may be the mainstay treatment.
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Sozeri B, Aktug H, Cetintas VB, Yildiz B, Pala EE, Oltulu F. Histopathological and molecular analysis in dermis and epidermis of patients with systemic and localized scleroderma. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2014. [PMCID: PMC4191595 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-12-s1-p304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Pala HG, Pala EE, Artunc Ulkumen B, Aktug H, Yavasoglu A, Korkmaz HA, Erbas O. The Protective Effect of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor on Endometrium and Ovary in a Rat Model of Diabetes Mellitus. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2014; 78:94-100. [DOI: 10.1159/000363239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kucuk U, Bayol U, Etit D, Gunduz F, Yucel S, Cumurcu S, Selcuk S, Ebru Pala E. MALIGNANT PHYLLODES TUMOR OF THE BREAST WITH OSTEOSARCOMATOUS DIFFERENTIATION. J Breasth Health 2013. [DOI: 10.5152/tjbh.2013.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Triple-negative-breast-cancer that accounts for 10-20% of all breast carcinomas is defined by the lack of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2 expression, and agressive clinical behavior. Triple-negative-breast-cancer is categorized into basal like and other types. The basal-like subtype is characterized by the expression of myoepithelial/basal markers. MATERIAL AND METHOD We studied 41 immunohistochemically triplenegative- breast-cancer patients to determine EGFR, Cytokeratine 5/6, p53, Ki67, GCDFP-15 expression profiles, HER2 and Chromosome 17 centromere gene status by fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization method. RESULTS Histological type was invasive ductal carcinoma in 90.2% of the tumors. p53, Ki67, GCDFP-15 mean positivity rates were 55.6%, 51.7%, and 3.2%, respectively. GCDFP-15 positivity was noted in 8 cases of which 6 were Cytokeratine 5/6 negative. The cut-off value for Cytokeratine 5/6 positivity was 5%. EGFR immunoreactivity was grouped into 0, 1+ as negative; 2+, 3+ as positive categories. Cytokeratine 5/6 was positive in 56,1%, EGFR was positive in 51.2% of the patients. The relation between Cytokeratine 5/6 and EGFR expression was statistically significant (p < 0.01). None of the cases showed HER2 amplification by fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization method. CONCLUSION GCDFP-15 alone is not a useful marker to detect the metastasis of basaloid type breast cancers. Cytokeratine 5/6 and EGFR expressions showed correlation so these markers are reliable to diagnose basaloid type tumors with a 5% cut-off value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Ebru Pala
- Department of Pathology, İzmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.
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Küçük Ü, Pala EE, Bayol Ü, Erdoğan IG. [The important morphological parameters used to differentiate benign/malignant phyllodes tumors of the breast]. Turk Patoloji Derg 2012; 28:245-50. [PMID: 23011827 DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2012.01131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Phyllodes tumor is a rare fibroepithelial neoplasia of the breast. Tumors are classified according to the histological criteria as benign, borderline, malignant groups. Criteria used to discriminate benign/malignant cases are stromal cytological atypia, stromal hypercellularity, mitotic rate, stromal overgrowth, and tumor margins. We designed this study retrospectively to see the validity of these criteria for our case group and investigate whether we could add any new criteria. MATERIAL AND METHOD We included 22 cases diagnosed as phyllodes tumor from our archives. Pathology records were used for age, tumor site, macroscopic size. The Hematoxylin-Eosin stained slides were reviewed according to the defined criteria. Additionally leaf like growth pattern, stromal hyalinization, calcification, stromal giant cells, stromal neutrophil leukocyte, and mononuclear lymphocytic infiltrate were recorded qualitatively (present/absent) and numerically (mild, moderate, severe). We examined the differences between benign and malignant groups with the Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests. RESULTS The previously defined criteria were statistically significant but stromal giant cells, stromal hyalinization, calcification, stromal neutrophil and mononuclear lymphocytic infiltrate intensity were not statistically significant in determining the benign-borderline-malignant cases. CONCLUSION Stromal hypercellularity, moderate/severe stromal cytological atypia, increased mitotic rate, stromal overgrowth and infiltrative tumor margins were observed in malignant phyllodes tumors. Malignant cases were also older and tumor size was bigger than benign ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ülkü Küçük
- İzmir Tepecik Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Patoloji Bölümü, İzmir, Türkiye.
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