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Wynn EL, Browne AS, Clawson ML. Diversity and antigenic potentials of Mycoplasmopsis bovis secreted and outer membrane proteins within a core genome of strains isolated from North American bison and cattle. Genome 2024. [PMID: 38330385 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2023-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Mycoplasmopsis bovis is a worldwide economically important pathogen of cattle that can cause or indirectly contribute to bovine respiratory disease. M. bovis is also a primary etiological agent of respiratory disease in bison with high mortality rates. A major challenge in the development of an efficacious M. bovis vaccine is the design of antigens that contain both MHC-1 and MHC-2 T-cell epitopes, and that account for population level diversity within the species. Publicly available genomes and sequence read archive libraries of 381 M. bovis strains isolated from cattle (n = 202) and bison (n = 179) in North America were used to identify a core genome of 575 genes, including 38 that encode either known or predicted secreted or outer membrane proteins. The antigenic potentials of the proteins were characterized by the presence and strength of their T-cell epitopes, and their protein variant diversity at the population-level. The proteins had surprisingly low diversity and varying predictive levels of T-cell antigenicity. These results provide a reference for the selection or design of antigens for vaccine testing against strains infecting North American cattle and bison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Wynn
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS) US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, USA
| | - A Springer Browne
- USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Michael L Clawson
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS) US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, USA
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Olson HG, Loy JD, Clawson ML, Wynn EL, Hille MM. Genotype classification of Moraxella bovis using MALDI-TOF MS profiles. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1057621. [PMID: 36569069 PMCID: PMC9772260 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1057621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Moraxella bovis (M. bovis) is regarded as a causative agent of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK), the most common ocular disease of cattle. Recently, whole genome sequencing identified the presence of two distinct genotypes within M. bovis that differ in chromosome content, potential virulence factors, as well as prophage and plasmid profiles. It is unclear if the genotypes equally associate with IBK or if one is more likely to be isolated from IBK lesions. We utilized 39 strains of M. bovis that had previously undergone whole genome sequencing and genotype classification to determine the utility of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) to accurately genotype M. bovis strains. We successfully developed two biomarker models that accurately classified strains according to genotype with an overall accuracy of 85.8-100% depending upon the model and sample preparation method used. These models provide a practical tool to enable studies of genotype associations with disease, allow for epidemiological studies at the sub-species level, and can be used to enhance disease prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah G. Olson
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - John Dustin Loy
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Michael L. Clawson
- United States Department of Agricultural, Agricultural Research Service, United States Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, United States
| | - Emily L. Wynn
- United States Department of Agricultural, Agricultural Research Service, United States Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, United States
| | - Matthew M. Hille
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States,*Correspondence: Matthew M. Hille,
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Wynn EL, Clawson M. Differences between Predicted Outer Membrane Proteins of Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni, and Genotype 1 and 2 Mannheimia haemolytica Strains Isolated from Cattle. Genome 2021; 65:115-121. [PMID: 34348051 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2021-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Common bacterial causes of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) include Histophilus somni, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Pasteurella multocida. Within M. haemolytica, two major genotypes are commonly found in cattle (1 and 2), however, genotype 2 strains are isolated from diseased lungs much more frequently than genotype 1 strains. Outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of H. somni, P. multocida, and genotype 2 M. haemolytica may be important factors for acquired host immunity. Predicted OMP differences between genotype 1 and 2 M. haemolytica have been previously identified. In this study, we expanded that focus to include bovine-isolated strain genomes representing all three species and the two M. haemolytica genotypes. Reported here are the core genomes unique to each of them, core genomes shared between some or all combinations of the three species and two M. haemolytica genotypes, and predicted OMPs within these core genomes. The OMPs identified in this study are potential candidates for further study and the development of interventions against BRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Wynn
- USDA-ARS Roman L Hruska US Meat Animal Research Center, 57652, Clay Center, Nebraska, United States;
| | - Michael Clawson
- USDA-ARS Roman L Hruska US Meat Animal Research Center, 57652, Clay Center, Nebraska, United States;
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Dutta E, Loy JD, Deal CA, Wynn EL, Clawson ML, Clarke J, Wang B. Development of a Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay for Predicting Macrolide and Tetracycline Resistance Associated with Bacterial Pathogens of Bovine Respiratory Disease. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10010064. [PMID: 33450871 PMCID: PMC7828349 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is an emerging concern that may threaten both animal and public health. Rapid and accurate detection of AMR is essential for prudent drug therapy selection during BRD outbreaks. This study aimed to develop a multiplex quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay (qPCR) to provide culture-independent information regarding the phenotypic AMR status of BRD cases and an alternative to the gold-standard, culture-dependent test. Bovine clinical samples (297 lung and 111 nasal) collected in Nebraska were subjected to qPCR quantification of macrolide (MAC) and tetracycline (TET) resistance genes and gold-standard determinations of AMR of BRD pathogens. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to classify AMR based on the qPCR results. For lung tissues, the qPCR method showed good agreement with the gold-standard test for both MACs and TETs, with a sensitivity of 67–81% and a specificity higher than 80%. For nasal swabs, qPCR results passed validation criteria only for TET resistance detection, with a sensitivity of 88%, a specificity of 80% and moderate agreement. The culture-independent assay developed here provides the potential for more rapid AMR characterization of BRD cases directly from clinical samples at equivalent accuracy and higher time efficiency compared with the gold-standard, culture-based test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enakshy Dutta
- Department of Statistics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (E.D.); (J.C.)
| | - John Dustin Loy
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (J.D.L.); (C.A.D.)
| | - Caitlyn A. Deal
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (J.D.L.); (C.A.D.)
| | - Emily L. Wynn
- U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA; (E.L.W.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Michael L. Clawson
- U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA; (E.L.W.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Jennifer Clarke
- Department of Statistics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (E.D.); (J.C.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(402)-472-2517
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Wynn EL, Schuller G, Loy JD, Workman AM, McDaneld TG, Clawson ML. Differentiation of Mannheimia haemolytica genotype 1 and 2 strains by visible phenotypic characteristics on solid media. J Microbiol Methods 2020; 171:105877. [PMID: 32088258 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2020.105877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Genotype 2 Mannheimia haemolytica associate with the lungs of cattle with bovine respiratory disease more frequently than genotype 1 strains. Different colony colors and morphologies were identified between genotype 1 and 2 solid media cultures. Genotype of strains, and frequency differences between them in mixed cultures are discernable by visual inspection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Wynn
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, USA
| | - Gennie Schuller
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, USA
| | - John D Loy
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Aspen M Workman
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, USA
| | - Tara G McDaneld
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, USA
| | - Michael L Clawson
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, USA.
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