1
|
Wu S, Luo L, Ye F, Wang Y, Li D. Comprehensive Overview of Treponema pallidum Outer Membrane Proteins. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2024; 25:CPPS-EPUB-139951. [PMID: 38661035 DOI: 10.2174/0113892037293502240328042224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis, is a sexually transmitted microorganism that exhibits remarkable motility capabilities, allowing it to affect various systems. Despite its structural resemblance to gram-negative bacteria due to its dual-membrane, T. pallidum possesses a lower abundance of outer membrane proteins (OMPs), which enables it to effectively conceal itself. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the clinical diagnostic potential associated with the OMPs of T. pallidum. Furthermore, the known OMPs in T. pallidum that are responsible for mediating host interactions have been progressively elucidated. This review aims to shed light on the pathogenesis of syphilis, encompassing aspects such as vascular inflammation, chancre self-healing, neuroinvasion, and reinfection. Additionally, this review offers a detailed overview of the current state and prospects of development in the field of syphilis vaccines, with the ultimate goal of establishing a foundation for understanding the pathogenesis and implementing effective prevention strategies against syphilis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sirui Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR. China
| | - Lan Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR. China
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR. China
| | - Yuanfang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR. China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Houston S, Gomez A, Geppert A, Goodyear MC, Cameron CE. In-Depth Proteome Coverage of In Vitro-Cultured Treponema pallidum and Quantitative Comparison Analyses with In Vivo-Grown Treponemes. J Proteome Res 2024. [PMID: 38636938 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Previous mass spectrometry (MS)-based global proteomics studies have detected a combined total of 86% of all Treponema pallidum proteins under infection conditions (in vivo-grown T. pallidum). Recently, a method was developed for the long-term culture of T. pallidum under in vitro conditions (in vitro-cultured T. pallidum). Herein, we used our previously reported optimized MS-based proteomics approach to characterize the T. pallidum global protein expression profile under in vitro culture conditions. These analyses provided a proteome coverage of 94%, which extends the combined T. pallidum proteome coverage from the previously reported 86% to a new combined total of 95%. This study provides a more complete understanding of the protein repertoire of T. pallidum. Further, comparison of the in vitro-expressed proteome with the previously determined in vivo-expressed proteome identifies only a few proteomic changes between the two growth conditions, reinforcing the suitability of in vitro-cultured T. pallidum as an alternative to rabbit-based treponemal growth. The MS proteomics data have been deposited in the MassIVE repository with the data set identifier MSV000093603 (ProteomeXchange identifier PXD047625).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Houston
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Alloysius Gomez
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Andrew Geppert
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Mara C Goodyear
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Caroline E Cameron
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Knejski PP, Erramilli SK, Kossiakoff AA. Chaperone-assisted cryo-EM structure of P. aeruginosa PhuR reveals molecular basis for heme binding. Structure 2024; 32:411-423.e6. [PMID: 38325368 PMCID: PMC10997469 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, depend on scavenging heme for the acquisition of iron, an essential nutrient. The TonB-dependent transporter (TBDT) PhuR is the major heme uptake protein in P. aeruginosa clinical isolates. However, a comprehensive understanding of heme recognition and TBDT transport mechanisms, especially PhuR, remains limited. In this study, we employed single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and a phage display-generated synthetic antibody (sAB) as a fiducial marker to enable the determination of a high-resolution (2.5 Å) structure of PhuR with a bound heme. Notably, the structure reveals iron coordination by Y529 on a conserved extracellular loop, shedding light on the role of tyrosine in heme binding. Biochemical assays and negative-stain EM demonstrated that the sAB specifically targets the heme-bound state of PhuR. These findings provide insights into PhuR's heme binding and offer a template for developing conformation-specific sABs against outer membrane proteins (OMPs) for structure-function investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł P Knejski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Laboratory of Medical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Satchal K Erramilli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Anthony A Kossiakoff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Smallman TR, Perlaza-Jiménez L, Wang X, Korman TM, Kotsanas D, Gibson JS, Turni C, Harper M, Boyce JD. Pathogenomic analysis and characterization of Pasteurella multocida strains recovered from human infections. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0380523. [PMID: 38426766 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03805-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is an upper respiratory tract commensal in several mammal and bird species but can also cause severe disease in humans and in production animals such as poultry, cattle, and pigs. In this study, we performed whole-genome sequencing of P. multocida isolates recovered from a range of human infections, from the mouths of cats, and from wounds on dogs. Together with publicly available P. multocida genome sequences, we performed phylogenetic and comparative genomic analyses. While isolates from cats and dogs were spread across the phylogenetic tree, human infections were caused almost exclusively by subsp. septica strains. Most of the human isolates were capsule type A and LPS type L1 and L3; however, some strains lacked a capsule biosynthesis locus, and some strains contained a novel LPS outer-core locus, distinct from the eight LPS loci that can currently be identified using an LPS multiplex PCR. In addition, the P. multocida strains isolated from human infections contained novel mobile genetic elements. We compiled a curated database of known P. multocida virulence factor and antibiotic resistance genes (PastyVRDB) allowing for detailed characterization of isolates. The majority of human P. multocida isolates encoded a reduced range of iron receptors and contained only one filamentous hemagglutinin gene. Finally, gene-trait analysis identified a putative L-fucose uptake and utilization pathway that was over-represented in subsp. septica strains and may represent a novel host predilection mechanism in this subspecies. Together, these analyses have identified pathogenic mechanisms likely important for P. multocida zoonotic infections.IMPORTANCEPasteurella multocida can cause serious infections in humans, including skin and wound infections, pneumonia, peritonitis, meningitis, and bacteraemia. Cats and dogs are known vectors of human pasteurellosis, transmitting P. multocida via bite wounds or contact with animal saliva. The mechanisms that underpin P. multocida human predilection and pathogenesis are poorly understood. With increasing identification of antibiotic-resistant P. multocida strains, understanding these mechanisms is vital for developing novel treatments and control strategies to combat P. multocida human infection. Here, we show that a narrow range of P. multocida strains cause disease in humans, while cats and dogs, common vectors for zoonotic infections, can harbor a wide range of P. multocida strains. We also present a curated P. multocida-specific database, allowing quick and detailed characterization of newly sequenced P. multocida isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Smallman
- Department of Microbiology, Infection Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura Perlaza-Jiménez
- Monash Bioinformatics Platform, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xiaochu Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Infection Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tony M Korman
- Monash University and Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Despina Kotsanas
- Monash University and Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Justine S Gibson
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Conny Turni
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marina Harper
- Department of Microbiology, Infection Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John D Boyce
- Department of Microbiology, Infection Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Potapova A, Garvey W, Dahl P, Guo S, Chang Y, Schwechheimer C, Trebino MA, Floyd KA, Phinney BS, Liu J, Malvankar NS, Yildiz FH. Outer membrane vesicles and the outer membrane protein OmpU govern Vibrio cholerae biofilm matrix assembly. mBio 2024; 15:e0330423. [PMID: 38206049 PMCID: PMC10865864 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03304-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are matrix-encased microbial communities that increase the environmental fitness and infectivity of many human pathogens including Vibrio cholerae. Biofilm matrix assembly is essential for biofilm formation and function. Known components of the V. cholerae biofilm matrix are the polysaccharide Vibrio polysaccharide (VPS), matrix proteins RbmA, RbmC, Bap1, and extracellular DNA, but the majority of the protein composition is uncharacterized. This study comprehensively analyzed the biofilm matrix proteome and revealed the presence of outer membrane proteins (OMPs). Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) were also present in the V. cholerae biofilm matrix and were associated with OMPs and many biofilm matrix proteins suggesting that they participate in biofilm matrix assembly. Consistent with this, OMVs had the capability to alter biofilm structural properties depending on their composition. OmpU was the most prevalent OMP in the matrix, and its absence altered biofilm architecture by increasing VPS production. Single-cell force spectroscopy revealed that proteins critical for biofilm formation, OmpU, the matrix proteins RbmA, RbmC, Bap1, and VPS contribute to cell-surface adhesion forces at differing efficiency, with VPS showing the highest efficiency whereas Bap1 showing the lowest efficiency. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying biofilm matrix assembly in V. cholerae, which may provide new opportunities to develop inhibitors that specifically alter biofilm matrix properties and, thus, affect either the environmental survival or pathogenesis of V. cholerae.IMPORTANCECholera remains a major public health concern. Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, forms biofilms, which are critical for its transmission, infectivity, and environmental persistence. While we know that the V. cholerae biofilm matrix contains exopolysaccharide, matrix proteins, and extracellular DNA, we do not have a comprehensive understanding of the majority of biofilm matrix components. Here, we discover outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) within the biofilm matrix of V. cholerae. Proteomic analysis of the matrix and matrix-associated OMVs showed that OMVs carry key matrix proteins and Vibrio polysaccharide (VPS) to help build biofilms. We also characterize the role of the highly abundant outer membrane protein OmpU in biofilm formation and show that it impacts biofilm architecture in a VPS-dependent manner. Understanding V. cholerae biofilm formation is important for developing a better prevention and treatment strategy framework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Potapova
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - William Garvey
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Peter Dahl
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Shuaiqi Guo
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yunjie Chang
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Carmen Schwechheimer
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Michael A. Trebino
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Kyle A. Floyd
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Brett S. Phinney
- Proteomics Core Facility, UC Davis Genome Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Nikhil S. Malvankar
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Fitnat H. Yildiz
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wynn EL, Browne AS, Clawson ML. Diversity and antigenic potentials of Mycoplasmopsis bovis secreted and outer membrane proteins within a core genome of strains isolated from North American bison and cattle. Genome 2024. [PMID: 38330385 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2023-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Mycoplasmopsis bovis is a worldwide economically important pathogen of cattle that can cause or indirectly contribute to bovine respiratory disease. M. bovis is also a primary etiological agent of respiratory disease in bison with high mortality rates. A major challenge in the development of an efficacious M. bovis vaccine is the design of antigens that contain both MHC-1 and MHC-2 T-cell epitopes, and that account for population level diversity within the species. Publicly available genomes and sequence read archive libraries of 381 M. bovis strains isolated from cattle (n = 202) and bison (n = 179) in North America were used to identify a core genome of 575 genes, including 38 that encode either known or predicted secreted or outer membrane proteins. The antigenic potentials of the proteins were characterized by the presence and strength of their T-cell epitopes, and their protein variant diversity at the population-level. The proteins had surprisingly low diversity and varying predictive levels of T-cell antigenicity. These results provide a reference for the selection or design of antigens for vaccine testing against strains infecting North American cattle and bison.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Wynn
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS) US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, USA
| | - A Springer Browne
- USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Michael L Clawson
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS) US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sykes EME, White D, McLaughlin S, Kumar A. Salicylic acids and pathogenic bacteria: new perspectives on an old compound. Can J Microbiol 2024; 70:1-14. [PMID: 37699258 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2023-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Salicylic acids have been used in human and veterinary medicine for their anti-pyretic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties for centuries. A key role of salicylic acid-immune modulation in response to microbial infection-was first recognized during studies of their botanical origin. The effects of salicylic acid on bacterial physiology are diverse. In many cases, they impose selective pressures leading to development of cross-resistance to antimicrobial compounds. Initial characterization of these interactions was in Escherichia coli, where salicylic acid activates the multiple antibiotic resistance (mar) operon, resulting in decreased antibiotic susceptibility. Studies suggest that stimulation of the mar phenotype presents similarly in closely related Enterobacteriaceae. Salicylic acids also affect virulence in many opportunistic pathogens by decreasing their ability to form biofilms and increasing persister cell populations. It is imperative to understand the effects of salicylic acid on bacteria of various origins to illuminate potential links between environmental microbes and their clinically relevant antimicrobial-resistant counterparts. This review provides an update on known effects of salicylic acid and key derivatives on a variety of bacterial pathogens, offers insights to possible potentiation of current treatment options, and highlights cellular regulatory networks that have been established during the study of this important class of medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen M E Sykes
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Dawn White
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Sydney McLaughlin
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Ayush Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dhar R, Bowman AM, Hatungimana B, Sg Slusky J. Evolutionary Engineering a Larger Porin Using a Loop-to-Hairpin Mechanism. J Mol Biol 2023; 435:168292. [PMID: 37769963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
In protein evolution, diversification is generally driven by genetic duplication. The hallmarks of this mechanism are visible in the repeating topology of various proteins. In outer membrane β-barrels, duplication is visible with β-hairpins as the repeating unit of the barrel. In contrast to the overall use of duplication in diversification, a computational study hypothesized evolutionary mechanisms other than hairpin duplications leading to increases in the number of strands in outer membrane β-barrels. Specifically, the topology of some 16- and 18-stranded β-barrels appear to have evolved through a loop to β-hairpin transition. Here we test this novel evolutionary mechanism by creating a chimeric protein from an 18-stranded β-barrel and an evolutionarily related 16-stranded β-barrel. The chimeric combination of the two was created by replacing loop L3 of the 16-stranded barrel with the sequentially matched transmembrane β-hairpin region of the 18-stranded barrel. We find the resulting chimeric protein is stable and has characteristics of increased strand number. This study provides the first experimental evidence supporting the evolution through a loop to β-hairpin transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rik Dhar
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA. https://twitter.com/Rik_Skywalker
| | - Alexander M Bowman
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Brunojoel Hatungimana
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Joanna Sg Slusky
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; Computational Biology Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Murugan S, Nandi BR, Mazumdar V, Joshi K, Nandini P, Namani S, Jakka P, Radhakrishnan GK. Outer membrane protein 25 of Brucella suppresses TLR-mediated expression of proinflammatory cytokines through degradation of TLRs and adaptor proteins. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105309. [PMID: 37778729 PMCID: PMC10641269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential components of innate immunity that serves as the first line of defense against the invaded microorganisms. However, successful infectious pathogens subvert TLR signaling to suppress the activation of innate and adaptive responses. Brucella species are infectious intracellular bacterial pathogens causing the worldwide zoonotic disease, brucellosis, that impacts economic growth of many countries. Brucella species are considered as stealthy bacterial pathogens as they efficiently evade or suppress host innate and adaptive immune responses for their chronic persistence. However, the bacterial effectors and their host targets for modulating the immune responses remain obscure. Brucella encodes various outer membrane proteins (Omps) that facilitate their invasion, intracellular replication, and immunomodulation. Outer membrane protein 25 (Omp25) of Brucella plays an important role in the immune modulation through suppression of proinflammatory cytokines. However, the mechanism and the signaling pathways that are targeted by Omp25 to attenuate the production of proinflammatory cytokines remain obscure. Here, we report that Omp25 and its variants, viz. Omp25b, Omp25c, and Omp25d, suppress production of proinflammatory cytokines that are mediated by various TLRs. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Omp25 and its variants promote enhanced ubiquitination and degradation of TLRs and their adaptor proteins to attenuate the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Targeting multiple TLRs and adaptor proteins enables Omp25 to effectively suppress the expression of proinflammatory cytokines that are induced by diverse pathogen-associated molecular patterns. This can contribute to the defective adaptive immune response and the chronic persistence of Brucella in the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subathra Murugan
- Laboratory of Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Centre for Biotechnology, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Binita Roy Nandi
- Laboratory of Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, India
| | - Varadendra Mazumdar
- Laboratory of Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, India
| | - Kiranmai Joshi
- Laboratory of Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, India
| | - Prachita Nandini
- Laboratory of Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, India
| | - Swapna Namani
- Laboratory of Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Padmaja Jakka
- Laboratory of Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Girish K Radhakrishnan
- Laboratory of Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Belousov MV, Kosolapova AO, Fayoud H, Sulatsky MI, Sulatskaya AI, Romanenko MN, Bobylev AG, Antonets KS, Nizhnikov AA. OmpC and OmpF Outer Membrane Proteins of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica Form Bona Fide Amyloids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15522. [PMID: 37958507 PMCID: PMC10649029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane proteins (Omps) of Gram-negative bacteria represent porins involved in a wide range of virulence- and pathogenesis-related cellular processes, including transport, adhesion, penetration, and the colonization of host tissues. Most outer membrane porins share a specific spatial structure called the β-barrel that provides their structural integrity within the membrane lipid bilayer. Recent data suggest that outer membrane proteins from several bacterial species are able to adopt the amyloid state alternative to their β-barrel structure. Amyloids are protein fibrils with a specific spatial structure called the cross-β that gives them an unusual resistance to different physicochemical influences. Various bacterial amyloids are known to be involved in host-pathogen and host-symbiont interactions and contribute to colonization of host tissues. Such an ability of outer membrane porins to adopt amyloid state might represent an important mechanism of bacterial virulence. In this work, we investigated the amyloid properties of the OmpC and OmpF porins from two species belonging to Enterobacteriaceae family, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica. We demonstrated that OmpC and OmpF of E. coli and S. enterica form toxic fibrillar aggregates in vitro. These aggregates exhibit birefringence upon binding Congo Red dye and show characteristic reflections under X-ray diffraction. Thus, we confirmed amyloid properties for OmpC of E. coli and demonstrated bona fide amyloid properties for three novel proteins: OmpC of S. enterica and OmpF of E. coli and S. enterica in vitro. All four studied porins were shown to form amyloid fibrils at the surface of E. coli cells in the curli-dependent amyloid generator system. Moreover, we found that overexpression of recombinant OmpC and OmpF in the E. coli BL21 strain leads to the formation of detergent- and protease-resistant amyloid-like aggregates and enhances the birefringence of bacterial cultures stained with Congo Red. We also detected detergent- and protease-resistant aggregates comprising OmpC and OmpF in S. enterica culture. These data are important in the context of understanding the structural dualism of Omps and its relation to pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V. Belousov
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.B.); (A.O.K.); (H.F.); (M.N.R.); (K.S.A.)
- Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasiia O. Kosolapova
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.B.); (A.O.K.); (H.F.); (M.N.R.); (K.S.A.)
- Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Haidar Fayoud
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.B.); (A.O.K.); (H.F.); (M.N.R.); (K.S.A.)
- Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maksim I. Sulatsky
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.S.); (A.I.S.)
| | - Anna I. Sulatskaya
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.S.); (A.I.S.)
| | - Maria N. Romanenko
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.B.); (A.O.K.); (H.F.); (M.N.R.); (K.S.A.)
- Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander G. Bobylev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
| | - Kirill S. Antonets
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.B.); (A.O.K.); (H.F.); (M.N.R.); (K.S.A.)
- Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anton A. Nizhnikov
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.B.); (A.O.K.); (H.F.); (M.N.R.); (K.S.A.)
- Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jiang YH, Liu T, Shi XC, Herrera-Balandrano DD, Xu MT, Wang SY, Laborda P. p-Aminobenzoic acid inhibits the growth of soybean pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines by altering outer membrane integrity. Pest Manag Sci 2023; 79:4083-4093. [PMID: 37291956 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND p-Aminobenzoic acid (pABA) is an environmentally friendly bioactive metabolite synthesized by Lysobacter antibioticus. This compound showed an unusual antifungal mode of action based on cytokinesis inhibition. However, the potential antibacterial properties of pABA remain unexplored. RESULTS In this study, pABA showed antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. This metabolite inhibited growth (EC50 = 4.02 mM), and reduced swimming motility, extracellular protease activity, and biofilm formation in the soybean pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines (Xag). Although pABA was previously reported to inhibit fungal cell division, no apparent effect was observed on Xag cell division genes. Instead, pABA reduced the expression of various membrane integrity-related genes, such as cirA, czcA, czcB, emrE, and tolC. Consistently, scanning electron microscopy observations revealed that pABA caused major alternations in Xag morphology and blocked the formation of bacterial consortiums. In addition, pABA reduced the content and profile of outer membrane proteins and lipopolysaccharides in Xag, which may explain the observed effects. Preventive and curative applications of 10 mM pABA reduced Xag symptoms in soybean plants by 52.1% and 75.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The antibacterial properties of pABA were studied for the first time, revealing new insights into its potential application for the management of bacterial pathogens. Although pABA was previously reported to show an antifungal mode of action based on cytokinesis inhibition, this compound inhibited Xag growth by altering the outer membrane's integrity. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hui Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ting Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xin-Chi Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | | | - Mei-Ting Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Su-Yan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Pedro Laborda
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dhar R, Bowman AM, Hatungimana B, Slusky JS. Evolutionary engineering a larger porin using a loop-to-hairpin mechanism. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.14.544993. [PMID: 37398247 PMCID: PMC10312768 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.14.544993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
In protein evolution, diversification is generally driven by genetic duplication. The hallmarks of this mechanism are visible in the repeating topology of various proteins. In outer membrane β-barrels, duplication is visible with β-hairpins as the repeating unit of the barrel. In contrast to the overall use of duplication in diversification, a computational study hypothesized evolutionary mechanisms other than hairpin duplications leading to increases in the number of strands in outer membrane β-barrels. Specifically, the topology of some 16- and 18-stranded β-barrels appear to have evolved through a loop to β-hairpin transition. Here we test this novel evolutionary mechanism by creating a chimeric protein from an 18-stranded β-barrel and an evolutionarily related 16-stranded β-barrel. The chimeric combination of the two was created by replacing loop L3 of the 16-stranded barrel with the sequentially matched transmembrane β-hairpin region of the 18-stranded barrel. We find the resulting chimeric protein is stable and has characteristics of increased strand number. This study provides the first experimental evidence supporting the evolution through a loop to β-hairpin transition. Highlights We find evidence supporting a novel diversification mechanism in membrane β-barrelsThe mechanism is the conversion of an extracellular loop to transmembrane β-hairpinA chimeric protein modeling this mechanism folds stably in the membraneThe chimera has more β-structure and a larger pore, consistent with a loop-to-hairpin transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rik Dhar
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
| | - Alexander M Bowman
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
| | | | - Joanna Sg Slusky
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
- Computational Biology Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66047
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Saruuljavkhlan B, Alfaray RI, Oyuntsetseg K, Gantuya B, Khangai A, Renchinsengee N, Matsumoto T, Akada J, Azzaya D, Davaadorj D, Yamaoka Y. Study of Helicobacter pylori Isolated from a High-Gastric-Cancer-Risk Population: Unveiling the Comprehensive Analysis of Virulence-Associated Genes including Secretion Systems, and Genome-Wide Association Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4528. [PMID: 37760497 PMCID: PMC10526929 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of gastric cancer in Mongolia, in East Asia, remains the highest in the world. However, most Helicobacter pylori strains in Mongolia have a less virulent Western-type CagA. We aimed to determine how H. pylori genomic variation affected gastric diseases, especially gastric cancer, based on comprehensive genome analysis. METHODS We identified a set of 274 virulence-associated genes in H. pylori, including virulence factor and outer membrane protein (OMP) genes, the type four secretion system gene cluster, and 13 well-known virulence gene genotypes in 223 H. pylori strains and their associations with gastric cancer and other gastric diseases. We conducted a genome-wide association study on 158 H. pylori strains (15 gastric cancer and 143 non-gastric cancer strains). RESULTS Out of 274 genes, we found 13 genes were variable depending on disease outcome, especially iron regulating OMP genes. H. pylori strains from Mongolia were divided into two main subgroups: subgroup (Sg1) with high risk and Sg2 with low risk for gastric cancer. The general characteristics of Sg1 strains are that they possess more virulence genotype genes. We found nine non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in seven genes that are linked with gastric cancer strains. CONCLUSIONS Highly virulent H. pylori strains may adapt through host-influenced genomic variations, potentially impacting gastric carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Grants
- 18KK0266, 19H03473, 21H00346, 22H02871, 17K09353, 21K07898, 18K16182, 21K08010 Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 2021B13 Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Batsaikhan Saruuljavkhlan
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
| | - Ricky Indra Alfaray
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
- Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Khasag Oyuntsetseg
- Endoscopy Center, Mongolia Japan Hospital, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia; (K.O.); (B.G.)
| | - Boldbaatar Gantuya
- Endoscopy Center, Mongolia Japan Hospital, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia; (K.O.); (B.G.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia; (D.A.); (D.D.)
| | - Ayush Khangai
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
| | - Namsrai Renchinsengee
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
| | - Junko Akada
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
| | - Dashdorj Azzaya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia; (D.A.); (D.D.)
| | - Duger Davaadorj
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia; (D.A.); (D.D.)
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
- Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia
- The Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases (RCGLID), Oita University, Yufu 870-1192, Oita, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Borovikov S, Ryskeldina A, Tursunov K, Syzdykova A, Akibekov O. Recombinant Salmonella enterica OmpX protein expression and its potential for serologically diagnosing Salmonella abortion in mares. Vet World 2023; 16:1790-1795. [PMID: 37859952 PMCID: PMC10583879 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1790-1795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Salmonella abortion in mares is caused by Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar abortus equi infection and is characterized by premature (abortion) or non-viable fetus birth. Although all horses are susceptible to infection, the condition is more often clinically manifested in pregnant mares, with most abortions recorded in young females. In addition, nonspecific clinical disease signs and poorly sensitive and effective bacteriological diagnostic methods hinder rapid and reliable infection diagnoses. Immunochemical methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunochromatography assays can facilitate effective and rapid diagnoses. However, they require highly specific and active antigens and antibodies. This study aimed to generate a recombinant S. enterica outer membrane protein X (OmpX) and evaluate its suitability for serological diagnosis of Salmonella abortion in mares. Materials and Methods Outer membrane protein X from the S. enterica antigen was synthesized de novo and expressed in Escherichia coli using the pET28 vector. Transformed E. coli cells were cultured under different conditions to detect recombinant OmpX (rOmpX) expression, and rOmpX purification and refolding were both conducted using metal affinity chromatography. Refolded and purified rOmpX was characterized by western blotting, liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, and ELISA. Results After optimized rOmpX expression, a 23 kDa molecular weight protein was identified. Amino acid sequence analysis using Mascot program suggested that these peptides were the OmpX protein from S. enterica. High specificity and diagnostic efficiency were recorded when rOmpX was used in ELISA against 89 serum samples from aborted and contact mares. Conclusion Recombinant outer membrane protein, in comparison to the O antigen, demonstrated better diagnostic characteristics against sera from mares who aborted and contact horses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Borovikov
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Technology, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Anara Ryskeldina
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Technology, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Kanat Tursunov
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry and Immunobiotechnology, National Center for Biotechnology, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Alfiya Syzdykova
- Research Platform of Agricultural Biotechnology, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, 010011, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Orken Akibekov
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Technology, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ku RH, Li LH, Liu YF, Hu EW, Lin YT, Lu HF, Yang TC. Implication of the σ E Regulon Members OmpO and σ N in the Δ ompA299-356-Mediated Decrease of Oxidative Stress Tolerance in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0108023. [PMID: 37284772 PMCID: PMC10433810 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01080-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane protein A (OmpA) is the most abundant porin in bacterial outer membranes. KJΔOmpA299-356, an ompA C-terminal in-frame deletion mutant of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia KJ, exhibits pleiotropic defects, including decreased tolerance to menadione (MD)-mediated oxidative stress. Here, we elucidated the underlying mechanism of the decreased MD tolerance mediated by ΔompA299-356. The transcriptomes of wild-type S. maltophilia and the KJΔOmpA299-356 mutant strain were compared, focusing on 27 genes known to be associated with oxidative stress alleviation; however, no significant differences were identified. OmpO was the most downregulated gene in KJΔOmpA299-356. KJΔOmpA299-356 complementation with the chromosomally integrated ompO gene restored MD tolerance to the wild-type level, indicating the role of OmpO in MD tolerance. To further clarify the possible regulatory circuit involved in ompA defects and ompO downregulation, σ factor expression levels were examined based on the transcriptome results. The expression levels of three σ factors were significantly different (downregulated levels of rpoN and upregulated levels of rpoP and rpoE) in KJΔOmpA299-356. Next, the involvement of the three σ factors in the ΔompA299-356-mediated decrease in MD tolerance was evaluated using mutant strains and complementation assays. rpoN downregulation and rpoE upregulation contributed to the ΔompA299-356-mediated decrease in MD tolerance. OmpA C-terminal domain loss induced an envelope stress response. Activated σE decreased rpoN and ompO expression levels, in turn decreasing swimming motility and oxidative stress tolerance. Finally, we revealed both the ΔompA299-356-rpoE-ompO regulatory circuit and rpoE-rpoN cross regulation. IMPORTANCE The cell envelope is a morphological hallmark of Gram-negative bacteria. It consists of an inner membrane, a peptidoglycan layer, and an outer membrane. OmpA, an outer membrane protein, is characterized by an N-terminal β-barrel domain that is embedded in the outer membrane and a C-terminal globular domain that is suspended in the periplasmic space and connected to the peptidoglycan layer. OmpA is crucial for the maintenance of envelope integrity. Stress resulting from the destruction of envelope integrity is sensed by extracytoplasmic function (ECF) σ factors, which induce responses to various stressors. In this study, we revealed that loss of the OmpA-peptidoglycan (PG) interaction causes peptidoglycan and envelope stress while simultaneously upregulating σP and σE expression levels. The outcomes of σP and σE activation are different and are linked to β-lactam and oxidative stress tolerance, respectively. These findings establish that outer membrane proteins (OMPs) play a critical role in envelope integrity and stress tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Hsuan Ku
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hua Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fu Liu
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - En-Wei Hu
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tsung Lin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Feng Lu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsuey-Ching Yang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bekale LA, Sharma D, Bacacao B, Chen J, Santa Maria PL. Eradication of Bacterial Persister Cells By Leveraging Their Low Metabolic Activity Using Adenosine Triphosphate Coated Gold Nanoclusters. Nano Today 2023; 51:101895. [PMID: 37575958 PMCID: PMC10421611 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2023.101895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria first develop tolerance after antibiotic exposure; later genetic resistance emerges through the population of tolerant bacteria. Bacterial persister cells are the multidrug-tolerant subpopulation within an isogenic bacteria culture that maintains genetic susceptibility to antibiotics. Because of this link between antibiotic tolerance and resistance and the rise of antibiotic resistance, there is a pressing need to develop treatments to eradicate persister cells. Current anti persister cell strategies are based on the paradigm of "awakening" them from their low metabolic state before attempting eradication with traditional antibiotics. Herein, we demonstrate that the low metabolic activity of persister cells can be exploited for eradication over their metabolically active counterparts. We engineered gold nanoclusters coated with adenosine triphosphate (AuNC@ATP) as a benchmark nanocluster that kills persister cells over exponential growth bacterial cells and prove the feasibility of this new concept. Finally, using AuNC@ATP as a new research tool, we demonstrated that it is possible to prevent the emergence of antibiotic-resistant superbugs with an anti-persister compound. Eradicating persister cells with AuNC@ATP in an isogenic culture of bacteria stops the emergence of superbug bacteria mediated by the sub-lethal dose of conventional antibiotics. Our findings lay the groundwork for developing novel nano-antibiotics targeting persister cells, which promise to prevent the emergence of superbugs and prolong the lifespan of currently available antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent A. Bekale
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, 801 Welch Road Stanford, CA 94305-5739, USA
| | - Devesh Sharma
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, 801 Welch Road Stanford, CA 94305-5739, USA
| | - Brian Bacacao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, 801 Welch Road Stanford, CA 94305-5739, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, 801 Welch Road Stanford, CA 94305-5739, USA
| | - Peter L. Santa Maria
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, 801 Welch Road Stanford, CA 94305-5739, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Knejski PP, Erramilli SK, Kossiakoff AA. Chaperone-assisted cryo-EM structure of P. aeruginosa PhuR reveals molecular basis for heme uptake. bioRxiv 2023:2023.08.01.551527. [PMID: 37577460 PMCID: PMC10418163 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.01.551527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, depend on scavenging heme for the acquisition of iron, an essential nutrient. The TonB-dependent transporter (TBDT) PhuR is the major heme uptake protein in P. aeruginosa clinical isolates. However, a comprehensive understanding of heme recognition and TBDT transport mechanisms, especially PhuR, remains limited. In this study, we employed single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and a phage display-generated synthetic antibody (sAB) as a fiducial marker to enable the determination of a high-resolution (2.5 Å) structure of PhuR with a bound heme. Notably, the structure reveals iron coordination by Y529 on a conserved extracellular loop, shedding light on the role of tyrosine in heme binding. Biochemical assays and negative-stain EM demonstrated that the sAB specifically targets the heme-bound state of PhuR. These findings provide insights into PhuR's heme binding and offer a template for developing conformation-specific sABs against outer membrane proteins (OMPs) for structure-function investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł P. Knejski
- Deparment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Laboratory of Medical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
- Present address: Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Satchal K. Erramilli
- Deparment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anthony A. Kossiakoff
- Deparment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang T, Zhang M, Xu Z, He Y, Zhao X, Cheng H, Chen X, Xu J, Ding Z. The Screening of the Protective Antigens of Aeromonas hydrophila Using the Reverse Vaccinology Approach: Potential Candidates for Subunit Vaccine Development. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1266. [PMID: 37515081 PMCID: PMC10383140 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The threat of bacterial septicemia caused by Aeromonas hydrophila infection to aquaculture growth can be prevented through vaccination, but differences among A. hydrophila strains may affect the effectiveness of non-conserved subunit vaccines or non-inactivated A. hydrophila vaccines, making the identification and development of conserved antigens crucial. In this study, a bioinformatics analysis of 4268 protein sequences encoded by the A. hydrophila J-1 strain whole genome was performed based on reverse vaccinology. The specific analysis included signal peptide prediction, transmembrane helical structure prediction, subcellular localization prediction, and antigenicity and adhesion evaluation, as well as interspecific and intraspecific homology comparison, thereby screening the 39 conserved proteins as candidate antigens for A. hydrophila vaccine. The 9 isolated A. hydrophila strains from diseased fish were categorized into 6 different molecular subtypes via enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR technology, and the coding regions of 39 identified candidate proteins were amplified via PCR and sequenced to verify their conservation in different subtypes of A. hydrophila and other Aeromonas species. In this way, conserved proteins were screened out according to the comparison results. Briefly, 16 proteins were highly conserved in different A. hydrophila subtypes, of which 2 proteins were highly conserved in Aeromonas species, which could be selected as candidate antigens for vaccines development, including type IV pilus secretin PilQ (AJE35401.1) and TolC family outer membrane protein (AJE35877.1). The present study screened the conserved antigens of A. hydrophila by using reverse vaccinology, which provided basic foundations for developing broad-spectrum protective vaccines of A. hydrophila.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Minying Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Zehua Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yang He
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641000, China
| | - Xiaoheng Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Hanliang Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xiangning Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jianhe Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Zhujin Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Development, Lianyungang 222005, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wimalasiri VW, Jurczak KA, Wieliniec MK, Nilaweera TD, Nakamoto RK, Cafiso DS. A disulfide chaperone knockout facilitates spin labeling and pulse EPR spectroscopy of outer membrane transporters. Protein Sci 2023; 32:e4704. [PMID: 37312651 PMCID: PMC10288552 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pulse EPR measurements provide information on distances and distance distributions in proteins but require the incorporation of pairs of spin labels that are usually attached to engineered cysteine residues. In previous work, we demonstrated that efficient in vivo labeling of the Escherichia coli outer membrane vitamin B12 transporter, BtuB, could only be achieved using strains defective in the periplasmic disulfide bond formation (Dsb) system. Here, we extend these in vivo measurements to FecA, the E. coli ferric citrate transporter. As seen for BtuB, pairs of cysteines cannot be labeled when the protein is present in a standard expression strain. However, incorporating plasmids that permit an arabinose induced expression of FecA into a strain defective in the thiol disulfide oxidoreductase, DsbA, enables efficient spin-labeling and pulse EPR of FecA in cells. A comparison of the measurements made on FecA in cells with measurements made in reconstituted phospholipid bilayers suggests that the cellular environment alters the behavior of the extracellular loops of FecA. In addition to these in situ EPR measurements, the use of a DsbA minus strain for the expression of BtuB improves the EPR signals and pulse EPR data obtained in vitro from BtuB that is labeled, purified, and reconstituted into phospholipid bilayers. The in vitro data also indicate the presence of intermolecular BtuB-BtuB interactions, which had not previously been observed in a reconstituted bilayer system. This result suggests that in vitro EPR measurements on other outer membrane proteins would benefit from protein expression in a DsbA minus strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viranga W. Wimalasiri
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Membrane BiologyUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Kinga A. Jurczak
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Membrane BiologyUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Monika K. Wieliniec
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Membrane BiologyUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Thushani D. Nilaweera
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Membrane BiologyUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
- Present address:
Genetics and Biochemistry BranchNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Robert K. Nakamoto
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological PhysicsUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - David S. Cafiso
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Membrane BiologyUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhou G, Wang Q, Wang Y, Wen X, Peng H, Peng R, Shi Q, Xie X, Li L. Outer Membrane Porins Contribute to Antimicrobial Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1690. [PMID: 37512863 PMCID: PMC10385648 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria depend on their cell membranes for survival and environmental adaptation. They contain two membranes, one of which is the outer membrane (OM), which is home to several different outer membrane proteins (Omps). One class of important Omps is porins, which mediate the inflow of nutrients and several antimicrobial drugs. The microorganism's sensitivity to antibiotics, which are predominantly targeted at internal sites, is greatly influenced by the permeability characteristics of porins. In this review, the properties and interactions of five common porins, OmpA, OmpC, OmpF, OmpW, and OmpX, in connection to porin-mediated permeability are outlined. Meanwhile, this review also highlighted the discovered regulatory characteristics and identified molecular mechanisms in antibiotic penetration through porins. Taken together, uncovering porins' functional properties will pave the way to investigate effective agents or approaches that use porins as targets to get rid of resistant gram-negative bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Yingsi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Xia Wen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Hong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Ruqun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Qingshan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Xiaobao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Liangqiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Doranga S, Conway T. OmpC-Dependent Bile Tolerance Contributes to E. coli Colonization of the Mammalian Intestine. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0524122. [PMID: 37014216 PMCID: PMC10269588 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05241-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli persistently colonizes the mammalian intestine by mechanisms that are not fully understood. Previously, we found when streptomycin-treated mice were fed E. coli MG1655, the intestine selected for envZ missense mutants that outcompeted the wild type. The better-colonizing envZ mutants had a higher level of OmpC and reduced OmpF. This suggested the EnvZ/OmpR two-component system and outer membrane proteins play a role in colonization. In this study, we show that wild-type E. coli MG1655 outcompetes an envZ-ompR knockout mutant. Moreover, ompA and ompC knockout mutants are outcompeted by the wild type, while an ompF knockout mutant colonizes better than the wild type. Outer membrane protein gels show the ompF mutant overproduces OmpC. An ompC mutant is more sensitive to bile salts than the wild type and ompF mutant. The ompC mutant initiates colonization slowly because it is sensitive to physiological concentrations of bile salts in the intestine. Overexpression of ompC under the control of a constitutive promoter confers a colonization advantage only when ompF is deleted. These results indicate that fine-tuning of OmpC and OmpF levels is needed to maximize competitive fitness in the intestine. RNA sequencing reveals the EnvZ/OmpR two-component system is active in the intestine: ompC is upregulated and ompF is downregulated. While other factors could also contribute to the advantage provided by OmpC, we provide evidence that OmpC is important for E. coli to colonize the intestine because its smaller pore size excludes bile salts or other unknown toxic substances, while OmpF is deleterious because its larger pore size allows bile salts or other unknown toxic substances to enter the periplasm. IMPORTANCE Every mammalian intestine is colonized with Escherichia coli. Although E. coli is one of the most studied model organisms, how it colonizes the intestine is not fully understood. Here, we investigated the role of the EnvZ/OmpR two-component system and outer membrane proteins in colonization of the mouse intestine by E. coli. We report that an ompC mutant is a poor colonizer, while an ompF mutant, which overproduces OmpC, outcompetes the wild type. OmpF has a larger pore size that allows toxic bile salts or other toxic compounds into the cell and is deleterious for colonization of the intestine. OmpC has a smaller pore size and excludes bile salts. Our findings provide insights into why E. coli fine-tunes the levels of OmpC and OmpF during colonization via the EnvZ/OmpR two-component system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Doranga
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Tyrrell Conway
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang T, Wang Y, Li Y, Qi T, Yue Z, Cao L, Zhou B, Jiao H. The outer membrane proteins based seroprevalence strategy for Brucella ovis natural infection in sheep. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1189368. [PMID: 37389214 PMCID: PMC10302724 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1189368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The diagnosis of brucellosis largely relies on tiger red plate agglutination test (RBPT). However, it is difficult to distinguish between natural infection antibody positive and vaccination antibody positive, nevertheless, the identification of specific Brucella species natural infection. Methods Here, we analyzed the structure of main outer membrane proteins (OMPs), OMP25 and OMP31 from Brucella ovis (B. ovis) and Brucella melitensis (B. melitensis), which are the main pathogens of sheep brucellosis, and found the OMP25 and OMP31 could be used as the differential antigens for B. ovis and B. melitensis antibody. Then we expressed the OMP25 from B. ovis (OMP25o) and OMP31 from B. melitensis (OMP31m). Results They have equally efficiency in antibody detection of vaccinated sheep serum, consistent with the RBPT results. However, through epidemiological investigations, we found some RBPT positive samples were negative by the OMP31m based serum antibody detection, but these samples gave positive results by the OMP25o. We verified these OMP31m negative but OMP25o positive samples by B. ovis and B. melitensis specific primers based PCR detection, and all these samples were B. melitensis negative. However, four out of six samples are B. ovis positive. These results showed that we could use the OMP25o and OMP31m to diagnose sheep brucellosis antibody, especially to discriminate the infection of the B. ovis. Discussion Currently, China has not yet approved a vaccine based on B. ovis and B. ovis positive samples should be naturally infected. There should be some implicit transmission of B. ovis in Jilin province. Further epidemiological investigation should be conducted to monitor the B. ovis natural infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yin Li
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tingting Qi
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhirong Yue
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lili Cao
- Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Institute of Military Veterinary, The Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Huping Jiao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Singh B, Jaiswal S, Kodgire P. Outer membrane proteins and vesicles as promising vaccine candidates against Vibrio spp. infections. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37272649 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2023.2212072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Indiscriminate use of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections has brought unmanageable antibiotic-resistant strains into existence. Vibrio spp. represents one such gram-negative enteric pathogenic group with more than 100 species, infecting humans and fish. The Vibrio spp. is demarcated into two groups, one that causes cholera and the other producing non-cholera or vibriosis infections. People who encounter contaminated water are at risk, but young children and pregnant women are the most vulnerable. Though controllable, Vibrio infection still necessitates the development of preventative measures, such as vaccinations, that can lessen the severity of the infection and reduce reliance on antibiotic use. With emerging multi-drug resistant strains, efforts are needed to develop newer vaccines, such as subunit-based or outer membrane vesicle-based. Thus, this review strives to bring together available information about Vibrio spp. outer membrane proteins and vesicles, encompassing their structure, function, and immunoprotective role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brijeshwar Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, India
| | - Surbhi Jaiswal
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, India
| | - Prashant Kodgire
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Low WW, Seddon C, Beis K, Frankel G. The Interaction of the F-Like Plasmid-Encoded TraN Isoforms with Their Cognate Outer Membrane Receptors. J Bacteriol 2023; 205:e0006123. [PMID: 36988519 PMCID: PMC10127662 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00061-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Horizontal gene transfer via conjugation plays a major role in bacterial evolution. In F-like plasmids, efficient DNA transfer is mediated by close association between donor and recipient bacteria. This process, known as mating pair stabilization (MPS), is mediated by interactions between the plasmid-encoded outer membrane (OM) protein TraN in the donor and chromosomally-encoded OM proteins in the recipient. We have recently reported the existence of 7 TraN sequence types, which are grouped into 4 structural types, that we named TraNα, TraNβ, TraNγ, and TraNδ. Moreover, we have shown specific pairing between TraNα and OmpW, TraNβ and OmpK36 of Klebsiella pneumoniae, TraNγ and OmpA, and TraNδ and OmpF. In this study, we found that, although structurally similar, TraNα encoded by the Salmonella enterica pSLT plasmid (TraNα2) binds OmpW in both Escherichia coli and Citrobacter rodentium, while TraNα encoded by the R100-1 plasmid (TraNα1) only binds OmpW in E. coli. AlphaFold2 predictions suggested that this specificity is mediated by a single amino acid difference in loop 3 of OmpW, which we confirmed experimentally. Moreover, we show that single amino acids insertions into loop 3 of OmpK36 affect TraNβ-mediated conjugation efficiency of the K. pneumoniae resistance plasmid pKpQIL. Lastly, we report that TraNβ can also mediate MPS by binding OmpK35, making it the first TraN variant that can bind more than one OM protein in the recipient. Together, these data show that subtle sequence differences in the OM receptors can impact TraN-mediated conjugation efficiency. IMPORTANCE Conjugation plays a central role in the spread of antimicrobial resistance genes among bacterial pathogens. Efficient conjugation is mediated by formation of mating pairs via a pilus, followed by mating pair stabilization (MPS), mediated by tight interactions between the plasmid-encoded outer membrane protein (OMP) TraN in the donor (of which there are 7 sequence types grouped into the 4 structural isoforms α, β, γ, and δ), and an OMP receptor in the recipient (OmpW, OmpK36, OmpA, and OmpF, respectively). In this study, we found that subtle differences in OmpW and OmpK36 have significant consequences on conjugation efficiency and specificity, highlighting the existence of selective pressure affecting plasmid-host compatibility and the flow of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wen Low
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chloe Seddon
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, United Kingdom
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Research Complex at Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos Beis
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, United Kingdom
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Research Complex at Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Gad Frankel
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cho THS, Wang J, Raivio TL. NlpE Is an OmpA-Associated Outer Membrane Sensor of the Cpx Envelope Stress Response. J Bacteriol 2023; 205:e0040722. [PMID: 37022159 PMCID: PMC10127795 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00407-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria utilize several envelope stress responses (ESRs) to sense and respond to diverse signals within a multilayered cell envelope. The CpxRA ESR responds to multiple stresses that perturb envelope protein homeostasis. Signaling in the Cpx response is regulated by auxiliary factors, such as the outer membrane (OM) lipoprotein NlpE, an activator of the response. NlpE communicates surface adhesion to the Cpx response; however, the mechanism by which NlpE accomplishes this remains unknown. In this study, we report a novel interaction between NlpE and the major OM protein OmpA. Both NlpE and OmpA are required to activate the Cpx response in surface-adhered cells. Furthermore, NlpE senses OmpA overexpression and the NlpE C-terminal domain transduces this signal to the Cpx response, revealing a novel signaling function for this domain. Mutation of OmpA peptidoglycan-binding residues abrogates signaling during OmpA overexpression, suggesting that NlpE signaling from the OM through the cell wall is coordinated via OmpA. Overall, these findings reveal NlpE to be a versatile envelope sensor that takes advantage of its structure, localization, and cooperation with other envelope proteins to initiate adaptation to diverse signals. IMPORTANCE The envelope is not only a barrier that protects bacteria from the environment but also a crucial site for the transduction of signals critical for colonization and pathogenesis. The discovery of novel complexes between NlpE and OmpA contributes to an emerging understanding of the key contribution of OM β-barrel protein and lipoprotein complexes to envelope stress signaling. Overall, our findings provide mechanistic insight into how the Cpx response senses signals relevant to surface adhesion and biofilm growth to facilitate bacterial adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy H. S. Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Junshu Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tracy L. Raivio
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ávila-Nieto C, Pedreño-López N, Mitjà O, Clotet B, Blanco J, Carrillo J. Syphilis vaccine: challenges, controversies and opportunities. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1126170. [PMID: 37090699 PMCID: PMC10118025 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1126170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Syphilis is a sexually or vertically (mother to fetus) transmitted disease caused by the infection of Treponema pallidum subspecie pallidum (TPA). The incidence of syphilis has increased over the past years despite the fact that this bacterium is an obligate human pathogen, the infection route is well known, and the disease can be successfully treated with penicillin. As complementary measures to preventive campaigns and early treatment of infected individuals, development of a syphilis vaccine may be crucial for controlling disease spread and/or severity, particularly in countries where the effectiveness of the aforementioned measures is limited. In the last century, several vaccine prototypes have been tested in preclinical studies, mainly in rabbits. While none of them provided protection against infection, some prototypes prevented bacteria from disseminating to distal organs, attenuated lesion development, and accelerated their healing. In spite of these promising results, there is still some controversy regarding the identification of vaccine candidates and the characteristics of a syphilis-protective immune response. In this review, we describe what is known about TPA immune response, and the main mechanisms used by this pathogen to evade it. Moreover, we emphasize the importance of integrating this knowledge, in conjunction with the characterization of outer membrane proteins (OMPs), to expedite the development of a syphilis vaccine that can protect against TPA infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Ávila-Nieto
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
- Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Oriol Mitjà
- Skin Neglected Tropical Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections Department, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Badalona, Spain
- Fight Infections Foundation, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic – Central University of Catalonia (UVic – UCC), Vic, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Bonaventura Clotet
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
- Fight Infections Foundation, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic – Central University of Catalonia (UVic – UCC), Vic, Catalonia, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salut Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julià Blanco
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
- Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic – Central University of Catalonia (UVic – UCC), Vic, Catalonia, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salut Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Carrillo
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salut Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
O’Brien VP, Jackson LK, Frick JP, Rodriguez Martinez AE, Jones DS, Johnston CD, Salama NR. Helicobacter pylori Chronic Infection Selects for Effective Colonizers of Metaplastic Glands. mBio 2023; 14:e0311622. [PMID: 36598261 PMCID: PMC9973278 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03116-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic gastric infection with Helicobacter pylori can lead to progressive tissue changes that culminate in cancer, but how H. pylori adapts to the changing tissue environment during disease development is not fully understood. In a transgenic mouse gastric metaplasia model, we found that strains from unrelated individuals differed in their ability to infect the stomach, to colonize metaplastic glands, and to alter the expression of the metaplasia-associated protein TFF3. H. pylori isolates from different stages of disease from a single individual had differential ability to colonize healthy and metaplastic gastric glands. Exposure to the metaplastic environment selected for high gastric colonization by one of these strains. Complete genome sequencing revealed a unique alteration in the frequency of a variant allele of the putative adhesin sabB, arising from a recombination event with the related sialic acid binding adhesin (SabA) gene. Mutation of sabB in multiple H. pylori strain backgrounds strongly reduced adherence to both normal and metaplastic gastric tissue, and highly attenuated stomach colonization in mice. Thus, the changing gastric environment during disease development promotes bacterial adhesin gene variation associated with enhanced gastric colonization. IMPORTANCE Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori is the primary risk factor for developing stomach cancer. As disease progresses H. pylori must adapt to a changing host tissue environment that includes induction of new cell fates in the cells that line the stomach. We tested representative H. pylori isolates collected from the same patient during early and later stages of disease in a mouse model where we can rapidly induce disease-associated tissue changes. Only the later-stage H. pylori strains could robustly colonize the diseased stomach environment. We also found that the ability to colonize the diseased stomach was associated with genetic variation in a putative cell surface adhesin gene called sabB. Additional experiments revealed that SabB promotes binding to stomach tissue and is critical for stomach colonization by the late-stage strains. Thus, H. pylori diversifies its genome during disease progression and these genomic changes highlight critical factors for bacterial persistence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V. P. O’Brien
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - L. K. Jackson
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - J. P. Frick
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - D. S. Jones
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - C. D. Johnston
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - N. R. Salama
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mikheyeva IV, Sun J, Huang KC, Silhavy TJ. Mechanism of outer membrane destabilization by global reduction of protein content. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.19.529137. [PMID: 36865163 PMCID: PMC9980000 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.19.529137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli is an asymmetric bilayer with the glycolipid lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the outer leaflet and glycerophospholipids in the inner. Nearly all integral OM proteins (OMPs) have a characteristic β-barrel fold and are assembled in the OM by the BAM complex, which contains one essential β-barrel protein (BamA), one essential lipoprotein (BamD), and three non-essential lipoproteins (BamBCE). A gain-of-function mutation in bamA enables survival in the absence of BamD, showing that the essential function of this protein is regulatory. We demonstrate that the global reduction in OMPs caused by BamD loss weakens the OM, altering cell shape and causing OM rupture in spent medium. To fill the void created by OMP loss, PLs flip into the outer leaflet. Under these conditions, mechanisms that remove PLs from the outer leaflet create tension between the OM leaflets, which contributes to membrane rupture. Rupture is prevented by suppressor mutations that release the tension by halting PL removal from the outer leaflet. However, these suppressors do not restore OM stiffness or normal cell shape, revealing a possible connection between OM stiffness and cell shape. Significance Statement The outer membrane (OM) is a selective permeability barrier that contributes to the intrinsic antibiotic resistance of Gram-negative bacteria. Biophysical characterization of the roles of the component proteins, lipopolysaccharides, and phospholipids is limited by both the essentiality of the OM and its asymmetrical organization. In this study, we dramatically change OM physiology by limiting the protein content, which requires phospholipid localization to the outer leaflet and thus disrupts OM asymmetry. By characterizing the perturbed OM of various mutants, we provide novel insight into the links among OM composition, OM stiffness, and cell shape regulation. These findings deepen our understanding of bacterial cell envelope biology and provide a platform for further interrogation of OM properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Mikheyeva
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Jiawei Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kerwyn Casey Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Thomas J. Silhavy
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zeng X, Li D, Lv Y, Lu Y, Mei L, Zhou D, Chen D, Xie F, Lin H, Li Y. A Germin-Like Protein GLP1 of Legumes Mediates Symbiotic Nodulation by Interacting with an Outer Membrane Protein of Rhizobia. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0335022. [PMID: 36633436 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03350-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhizobia can infect legumes and induce the coordinated expression of symbiosis and defense genes for the establishment of mutualistic symbiosis. Numerous studies have elucidated the molecular interactions between rhizobia and host plants, which are associated with Nod factor, exopolysaccharide, and T3SS effector proteins. However, there have been relatively few reports about how the host plant recognizes the outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of rhizobia to mediate symbiotic nodulation. In our previous work, a gene (Mhopa22) encoding an OMP was identified in Mesorhizobium huakuii 7653R, whose homologous genes are widely distributed in Rhizobiales. In this study, a germin-like protein GLP1 interacting with Mhopa22 was identified in Astragalus sinicus. RNA interference of AsGLP1 resulted in a decrease in nodule number, whereas overexpression of AsGLP1 increased the number of nodules in the hairy roots of A. sinicus. Consistent symbiotic phenotypes were identified in Medicago truncatula with MtGLPx (refer to medtr7g111240.1, the isogeny of AsGLP1) overexpression or Tnt1 mutant (glpx-1) in symbiosis with Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021. The glpx-1 mutant displayed hyperinfection and the formation of more infection threads but a decrease in root nodules. RNA sequencing analysis showed that many differentially expressed genes were involved in hormone signaling and symbiosis. Taken together, AsGLP1 and its homology play an essential role in mediating the early symbiotic process through interacting with the OMPs of rhizobia. IMPORTANCE This study is the first report to characterize a legume host plant protein to sense and interact with an outer membrane protein (OMP) of rhizobia. It can be speculated that GLP1 plays an essential role to mediate early symbiotic process through interacting with OMPs of rhizobia. The results provide deeper understanding and novel insights into the molecular interactive mechanism of a legume symbiosis signaling pathway in recognition with rhizobial OMPs. Our findings may also provide a new perspective to improve the symbiotic compatibility and nodulation of legume.
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
Typhoid fever caused by Salmonella is one of the major health issues worldwide, resulting in millions of cases and has very high rates of morbidities. The therapeutic approaches need to be updated for the effective elimination of the bacterial pathogen. The designing of the multiepitope vaccine against Salmonella using comparative proteomics and reverse vaccinology has covered up all the epitopes that induce sufficient immune responses in the host body. Out of the 4293 proteins, 15 outer membrane proteins have been selected based on their antigenicity, low transmembrane helix (<1), and virulence-associated factors. With the help of the reverse vaccinology approach, the epitopes of MHC Class I, Class II, and B-cell with antigenic, low toxicity, and that have the potential to generate immunogenic response have been identified. Based on the comparative analysis of all the epitopes, a multiepitope-based construct has been designed. Based on physicochemical properties and docking scores for HLA and TLR4, the VC5 construct has been selected, and the molecular dynamic simulation studies have confirmed their interaction. The dissociation constant of the VC5 and TLR4 was found to be 3.1 x 10-9. Different immune cell activation has been analyzed, representing the potentiality of the VC5 construct as an effective vaccine target. In silico cloning of VC5 in pET28a has also been performed, which requires experimental validation. Therefore, the present study designs a multi-epitope vaccine VC5 targeted to the membrane lipoproteins of Salmonella typhi.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saroj Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Vandana Solanki
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Vishvanath Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Borovikov S, Tursunov K, Syzdykova A, Begenova A, Zhakhina A. Expression of recombinant Omp18 and MOMP of Campylobacter jejuni and the determination of their suitability as antigens for serological diagnosis of campylobacteriosis in animals. Vet World 2023; 16:222-228. [PMID: 36855354 PMCID: PMC9967712 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.222-228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Campylobacteriosis causes gastrointestinal tract lesions in adults and children and may result in severe complications. The primary sources of infection are infected animals and animal products. Immunochemical methods effectively diagnose intestinal infections but require highly specific antigens to detect their antibodies. This study aimed to obtain two recombinant immunogenic antigens of Campylobacter jejuni, an outer membrane protein with a molecular weight of 18 kDa (Omp18) and the major outer membrane protein (MOMP) with a molecular weight of 45 kDa, and evaluate their suitability for the serological diagnosis of campylobacteriosis using immunochromatographic assay (ICA). Materials and Methods The C. jejuni Omp18 and MOMP gene sequences were synthesized de novo (Macrogen, Korea) and cloned into the pET32 expression plasmid. Using these genetic constructs, electrocompetent cells of the Escherichia coli BL21 strain were transformed and cultured under various conditions. Antigens were purified and refolded using metal affinity chromatography. The properties of the purified proteins were studied by western blotting, liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results We developed two recombinant E. coli BL21 cells producing rOmp18 and Recombinant MOMP (rMOMP) antigens with molecular weights of 36 and 64 kDa, respectively. Amino acid sequence analysis of the obtained antigens showed complete homology with the reference sequences in the PubMed NCBI database. Western blotting using positive-control sera demonstrated the specificity of the recombinant antigens. The results of ELISA with 94 bovine sera showed the interaction of recombinant antigens with specific antibodies. Conclusion The obtained rOmp18 and rMOMP antigens can detect antibodies in the serum of infected or recovered animals and can be used to develop ICA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Borovikov
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Technology, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan,Corresponding author: Sergey Borovikov, e-mail: Co-authors: KT: , AS: , AB: , AZ:
| | - Kanat Tursunov
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry and Immunobiotechnology, National Center for Biotechnology, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Alfiya Syzdykova
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Technology, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Ainagul Begenova
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Technology, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Alfira Zhakhina
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Technology, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Mun W, Upatissa S, Lim S, Dwidar M, Mitchell RJ. Outer Membrane Porin F in E. coli Is Critical for Effective Predation by Bdellovibrio. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0309422. [PMID: 36445149 PMCID: PMC9769668 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03094-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bdellovibrio and like organisms (BALOs) are a unique bacterial group that live by predating on other bacteria, consuming them from within to grow and replicate before the progeny come out to complete the life cycle. The mechanisms by which these predators recognize their prey and differentiate them from nonprey bacteria, however, are still not clear. Through genetic knockout and complementation studies in different Escherichia coli strains, we found that Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus strain 109J recognizes outer membrane porin F (OmpF) on the E. coli surface and that the activity of the E. coli EnvZ-OmpR regulatory system significantly impacts predation kinetics. OmpF is not the only signal by which BALOs recognize their prey, however, as B. bacteriovorus could eventually predate on the E. coli ΔompF mutant after prolonged incubation. Furthermore, recognizing OmpF as a prey surface structure was dependent on the prey strain, as knocking out OmpF protein homologues in other prey species, including Escherichia fergusonii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Salmonella enterica, did not always reduce the predation rate. Consequently, although OmpF was found to be an important surface component used by Bdellovibrio to efficiently recognize and attack E. coli, future work is needed to determine what other prey surface structures are recognized by these predators. IMPORTANCE Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and like organisms (BALOs) are Gram-negative predatory bacteria that attack other Gram-negative bacteria by penetrating their periplasm and consuming them from within to obtain the nutrients necessary for the predator's growth and replication. How these predators recognize their prey, however, has remained a mystery. Here, we show that the outer membrane porin F (OmpF) in E. coli is recognized by B. bacteriovorus strain 109J and that the loss of this protein leads to severely delayed predation. However, predation of several other prey species was not dependent on the recognition of this protein or its homologues, indicating that there are other structures recognized by the predators on the prey surface that are yet to be discovered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wonsik Mun
- School of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Sumudu Upatissa
- School of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Sungbin Lim
- School of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Mohammed Dwidar
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Robert J. Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bharathi SV, Rajamohan G. Biocide-Resistant Escherichia coli ST540 Co-Harboring ESBL, dfrA14 Confers QnrS-Dependent Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11. [PMID: 36551381 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging sequence types of pathogenic bacteria have a dual ability to acquire resistance islands/determinants, and remain renitent towards disinfection practices; therefore, they are considered "critical risk factors" that contribute significantly to the global problem of antimicrobial resistance. Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli was isolated, its genome sequenced, and its susceptibilities characterized, in order to understand the genetic basis of its antimicrobial resistance.The draft genome sequencing of E. coli ECU32, was performed with Illumina NextSeq 500, and annotated using a RAST server. The antibiotic resistome, genomic island, insertion sequences, and prophages were analyzed using bioinformatics tools. Subsequently, analyses including antibiotic susceptibility testing, E-test, bacterial growth, survival, and efflux inhibition assays were performed.The draft genome of E. coli ECU32 was 4.7 Mb in size, the contigs were 107, and the G+C content was 50.8%. The genome comprised 4658 genes, 4543 CDS, 4384 coding genes, 115 RNA genes, 88 tRNAs, and 3 CRISPR arrays. The resistome characterization of ST540 E. coli ECU32 revealed the presence of ESBL, APH(6)-Id, APH(3')-IIa, dfrA14, and QnrS1, with broad-spectrum multidrug and biocide resistance. Comparative genome sequence analysis revealed the presence of transporter and several virulence genes. Efflux activity and growth inhibition assays, which were performed with efflux substrates in the presence of inhibitor PAβN, exhibited significant reduced growth relative to its control.This study discusses the genotypic and phenotypic characterization of the biocide-tolerant multidrug-resistant E. coli O9:H30 strain, highlighting the contributory role of qnrS-dependent plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance, in addition to innate enzymatic modes of multidrug resistance mechanisms.
Collapse
|
34
|
Bagel A, Lopez C, David-Briand E, Michel V, Douëllou T, Sergentet D. Serotype-dependent adhesion of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli to bovine milk fat globule membrane proteins. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1010665. [PMID: 36504830 PMCID: PMC9731836 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1010665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are food-borne pathogens that can cause severe symptoms for humans. Raw milk products are often incriminated as vehicule for human STEC infection. However, raw milk naturally contains molecules, such as the milk fat globule membrane and associated proteins, that could inhibit pathogen adhesion by acting as mimetic ligands. This study aimed to: (i) evaluate the capability of STEC cells to adhere to bovine milk fat globule membrane proteins (MFGMPs), (ii) highlight STEC surface proteins associated with adhesion and (iii) evaluate the variation between different STEC serotypes. We evaluated the physicochemical interactions between STEC and milk fat globules (MFGs) by analyzing hydrophobic properties and measuring the ζ-potential. We used a plate adhesion assay to assess adhesion between MFGMPs and 15 Escherichia coli strains belonging to three key serotypes (O157:H7, O26:H11, and O103:H2). A relative quantitative proteomic approach was conducted by mass spectrometry to identify STEC surface proteins that may be involved in STEC-MFG adhesion. The majority of E. coli strains showed a hydrophilic profile. The ζ-potential values were between -3.7 and - 2.9 mV for the strains and between -12.2 ± 0.14 mV for MFGs. Our results suggest that non-specific interactions are not strongly involved in STEC-MFG association and that molecular bonds could form between STEC and MFGs. Plate adhesion assays showed a weak adhesion of O157:H7 E. coli strains to MFGMPs. In contrast, O26:H11 and O103:H2 serotypes attached more to MFGMPs. Relative quantitative proteomic analysis showed that the O26:H11 str. 21,765 differentially expressed five outer membrane-associated proteins or lipoproteins compared with the O157:H7 str. EDL933. This analysis also found strain-specific differentially expressed proteins, including four O26:H11 str. 21,765-specific proteins/lipoproteins and eight O103:H2 str. PMK5-specific proteins. For the first time, we demonstrated STEC adhesion to MFGMPs and discovered a serotype effect. Several outer membrane proteins-OmpC and homologous proteins, intimin, Type 1 Fimbriae, and AIDA-I-that may be involved in STEC-MFG adhesion were highlighted. More research on STEC's ability to adhere to MFGMs in diverse biological environments, such as raw milk cheeses and the human gastrointestinal tract, is needed to confirm the anti-adhesion properties of the STEC-MFG complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Bagel
- Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environment Research Group, UMR5557 Ecologie Microbienne Lyon, National Center of Scientific Research (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Marcy-l’Etoile, France
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Douëllou
- Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environment Research Group, UMR5557 Ecologie Microbienne Lyon, National Center of Scientific Research (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Marcy-l’Etoile, France
| | - Delphine Sergentet
- Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environment Research Group, UMR5557 Ecologie Microbienne Lyon, National Center of Scientific Research (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Marcy-l’Etoile, France,Laboratoire d’Etudes des Microorganismes Alimentaires Pathogènes, VetAgro Sup—Campus Vétérinaire, French National Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli Including Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli (NRL-STEC), Université de Lyon, Marcy-l‘Etoile, France,*Correspondence: Delphine Sergentet,
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Saïdi F, Mahanta U, Panda A, Kezzo AA, Jolivet NY, Bitazar R, John G, Martinez M, Mellouk A, Calmettes C, Chang YW, Sharma G, Islam ST. Bacterial Outer Membrane Polysaccharide Export (OPX) Proteins Occupy Three Structural Classes with Selective β-Barrel Porin Requirements for Polymer Secretion. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0129022. [PMID: 36200915 PMCID: PMC9603273 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01290-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Secretion of high-molecular-weight polysaccharides across the bacterial envelope is ubiquitous, as it enhances prokaryotic survival in (a)biotic settings. Such polymers are often assembled by Wzx/Wzy- or ABC transporter-dependent schemes implicating outer membrane (OM) polysaccharide export (OPX) proteins in cell-surface polymer translocation. In the social predatory bacterium Myxococcus xanthus, the exopolysaccharide (EPS) pathway WzaX, major spore coat (MASC) pathway WzaS, and biosurfactant polysaccharide (BPS) pathway WzaB were herein found to be truncated OPX homologues of Escherichia coli Wza lacking OM-spanning α-helices. Comparative genomics across all bacteria (>91,000 OPX proteins identified and analyzed), complemented with cryo-electron tomography cell-envelope analyses, revealed such "truncated" WzaX/S/B architecture to be the most common among three defined OPX-protein structural classes independent of periplasm thickness. Fold recognition and deep learning revealed the conserved M. xanthus proteins MXAN_7418/3226/1916 (encoded beside wzaX/S/B, respectively) to be integral OM β-barrels, with structural homology to the poly-N-acetyl-d-glucosamine synthase-dependent pathway porin PgaA. Such bacterial porins were identified near numerous genes for all three OPX protein classes. Interior MXAN_7418/3226/1916 β-barrel electrostatics were found to match properties of their associated polymers. With MXAN_3226 essential for MASC export, and MXAN_7418 herein shown to mediate EPS translocation, we have designated this new secretion machinery component "Wzp" (i.e., Wz porin), with the final step of M. xanthus EPS/MASC/BPS secretion across the OM now proposed to be mediated by WzpX/S/B (i.e., MXAN_7418/3226/1916). Importantly, these data support a novel and widespread secretion paradigm for polysaccharide biosynthesis pathways in which those containing OPX components that cannot span the OM instead utilize β-barrel porins to mediate polysaccharide transport across the OM. IMPORTANCE Diverse bacteria assemble and secrete polysaccharides that alter their physiologies through modulation of motility, biofilm formation, and host immune system evasion. Most such pathways require outer membrane (OM) polysaccharide export (OPX) proteins for sugar-polymer transport to the cell surface. In the prototypic Escherichia coli Group-1-capsule biosynthesis system, eight copies of this canonical OPX protein cross the OM with an α-helix, forming a polysaccharide-export pore. Herein, we instead reveal that most OPX proteins across all bacteria lack this α-helix, raising questions as to the manner by which most secreted polysaccharides actually exit cells. In the model developmental bacterium Myxococcus xanthus, we show this process to depend on OPX-coupled OM-spanning β-barrel porins, with similar porins encoded near numerous OPX genes in diverse bacteria. Knowledge of the terminal polysaccharide secretion step will enable development of antimicrobial compounds targeted to blocking polymer export from outside the cell, thus bypassing any requirements for antimicrobial compound uptake by the cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fares Saïdi
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Institut Pasteur International Network, Laval, Quebec, Canada
- PROTEO, the Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Utkarsha Mahanta
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Adyasha Panda
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ahmad A. Kezzo
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Institut Pasteur International Network, Laval, Quebec, Canada
- PROTEO, the Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Y. Jolivet
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Institut Pasteur International Network, Laval, Quebec, Canada
- PROTEO, the Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Razieh Bitazar
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Institut Pasteur International Network, Laval, Quebec, Canada
- PROTEO, the Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gavin John
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew Martinez
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Abdelkader Mellouk
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Institut Pasteur International Network, Laval, Quebec, Canada
- PROTEO, the Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Charles Calmettes
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Institut Pasteur International Network, Laval, Quebec, Canada
- PROTEO, the Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yi-Wei Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Salim T. Islam
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Institut Pasteur International Network, Laval, Quebec, Canada
- PROTEO, the Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Rodrigues IC, Rodrigues SC, Duarte FV, da Costa PM, da Costa PM. The Role of Outer Membrane Proteins in UPEC Antimicrobial Resistance: A Systematic Review. Membranes (Basel) 2022; 12:981. [PMID: 36295740 PMCID: PMC9609314 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12100981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are one of the most common agents of urinary tract infection. In the last decade, several UPEC strains have acquired antibiotic resistance mechanisms and some have become resistant to all classes of antibiotics. UPEC outer membrane proteins (OMPs) seem to have a decisive role not only in the processes of invasion and colonization of the bladder mucosa, but also in mechanisms of drug resistance, by which bacteria avoid killing by antimicrobial molecules. This systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines, aiming to characterize UPEC OMPs and identify their potential role in antimicrobial resistance. The search was limited to studies in English published during the last decade. Twenty-nine studies were included for revision and, among the 76 proteins identified, seven were associated with antibiotic resistance. Indeed, OmpC was associated with β-lactams resistance and OmpF with β-lactams and fluoroquinolone resistance. In turn, TolC, OmpX, YddB, TosA and murein lipoprotein (Lpp) were associated with fluoroquinolones, enrofloxacin, novobiocin, β-lactams and globomycin resistances, respectively. The clinical implications of UPEC resistance to antimicrobial agents in both veterinary and human medicine must propel the implementation of new strategies of administration of antimicrobial agents, while also promoting the development of improved antimicrobials, protective vaccines and specific inhibitors of virulence and resistance factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inês C. Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Tecnologia Alimentar, Departamento de Produção Aquática, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sílvia C. Rodrigues
- Pharmaissues, Consultoria, Lda, Rua da Esperança n° 101, Ribeira de Frades, 3045-420 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Filipe V. Duarte
- Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular (CNC), Faculdade de Medicina, Pólo 1, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula M. da Costa
- Microbiology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Largo do Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo M. da Costa
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Tecnologia Alimentar, Departamento de Produção Aquática, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto, de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sarkar P, Ghanim M. Interaction of Liberibacter Solanacearum with Host Psyllid Vitellogenin and Its Association with Autophagy. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0157722. [PMID: 35863005 PMCID: PMC9430699 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01577-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (CLso) haplotype D, transmitted by the carrot psyllid Bactericera trigonica, is a major constraint for carrot production in Israel. Unveiling the molecular interactions between the psyllid vector and CLso can facilitate the development of nonchemical approaches for controlling the disease caused by CLso. Bacterial surface proteins are often known to be involved in adhesion and virulence; however, interactions of CLso with carrot psyllid proteins that have a role in the transmission process has remained unexplored. In this study, we used CLso outer membrane protein (OmpA) and flagellin as baits to screen for psyllid interacting proteins in a yeast two-hybrid system assay. We identified psyllid vitellogenin (Vg) to interact with both OmpA and flagellin of CLso. As Vg and autophagy are often tightly linked, we also studied the expression of autophagy-related genes to further elucidate this interaction. We used the juvenile hormone (JH-III) to induce the expression of Vg, thapsigargin for suppressing autophagy, and rapamycin for inducing autophagy. The results revealed that Vg negatively regulates autophagy. Induced Vg expression significantly suppressed autophagy-related gene expression and the levels of CLso significantly increased, resulting in a significant mortality of the insect. Although the specific role of Vg remains obscure, the findings presented here identify Vg as an important component in the insect immune responses against CLso and may help in understanding the initial molecular response in the vector against Liberibacter. IMPORTANCE Pathogen transmission by vectors involves multiple levels of interactions, and for the transmission of liberibacter species by psyllid vectors, much of these interactions are yet to be explored. Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (CLso) haplotype D inflicts severe economic losses to the carrot industry. Understanding the specific interactions at different stages of infection is hence fundamental and could lead to the development of better management strategies to disrupt the transmission of the bacteria to new host plants. Here, we show that two liberibacter membrane proteins interact with psyllid vitellogenin and also induce autophagy. Altering vitellogenin expression directly influences autophagy and CLso abundance in the psyllid vector. Although the exact mechanism underlying this interaction remains unclear, this study highlights the importance of immune responses in the transmission of this disease agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poulami Sarkar
- Department of Entomology, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Murad Ghanim
- Department of Entomology, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fowler BD, Kose N, Reidy JX, Handal LS, Skaar EP, Crowe JE Jr. Human Monoclonal Antibodies to Escherichia coli Outer Membrane Protein A Porin Domain Cause Aggregation but Do Not Alter In Vivo Bacterial Burdens in a Murine Sepsis Model. Infect Immun 2022;:e0017622. [PMID: 35583347 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00176-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is one of the most frequent human pathogens, increasingly exhibits antimicrobial resistance, and has complex interactions with the host immune system. E. coli exposure or infection can result in the generation of antibodies specific for outer membrane protein A (OmpA), a multifunctional porin. We identified four OmpA-specific naturally occurring antibodies from healthy human donor B cells and assessed their interactions with E. coli and OmpA. These antibodies are highly specific for OmpA, exhibiting no cross-reactivity to a strain lacking ompA and retaining binding to both laboratory and clinical isolates of E. coli in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence assays. One monoclonal antibody (Mab), designated ECOL-11, is specific for the extracellular N-terminal porin domain of OmpA and induces growth phase-specific bacterial aggregation. This aggregation is not induced by the fragment antigen binding (Fab) form of the MAb, suggesting the importance of bivalency for this aggregating activity. ECOL-11 decreases adhesion and phagocytosis of E. coli by RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells, possibly by inhibiting the adhesion functions of OmpA. Despite this in vitro phenotype, organ E. coli burdens were not altered by antibody prophylaxis in a murine model of lethal E. coli septic shock. Our findings support the importance of OmpA at the host-pathogen interface and begin to explore the implications and utility of E. coli-specific antibodies in human hosts.
Collapse
|
39
|
Lou H, Li X, Sheng X, Fang S, Wan S, Sun A, Chen H. Development of a Trivalent Construct Omp18/AhpC/FlgH Multi Epitope Peptide Vaccine Against Campylobacter jejuni. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:773697. [PMID: 35095793 PMCID: PMC8793626 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.773697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) is one of the major pathogens contributing to the enteritis in humans. Infection can lead to numerous complications, including but not limited to Guillain-Barre syndrome, reactive arthritis, and Reiter’s syndrome. Over the past two decades, joint efforts have been made toward developing a proper strategy of limiting the transmission of C. jejuni to humans. Nevertheless, except for biosecurity measures, no available vaccine has been developed so far. Judging from the research findings, Omp18, AhpC outer membrane protein, and FlgH flagellin subunits of C. jejuni could be adopted as surface protein antigens of C. jejuni for screening dominant epitope thanks to their strong antigenicity, expression of varying strains, and conservative sequence. In this study, bioinformatics technology was adopted to analyze the T-B antigenic epitopes of Omp18, AhpC, and FlgH in C. jejuni strain NCTC11168. Both ELISA and Western Blot methods were adopted to screen the dominant T-B combined epitope. GGS (GGCGGTAGC) sequence was adopted to connect the dominant T-B combined epitope peptides and to construct the prokaryotic expression system of tandem repeats of antigenic epitope peptides. The mouse infection model was adopted to assess the immunoprotective effect imposed by the trivalent T-B combined with antigen epitope peptide based on Omp18/AhpC/FlgH. In this study, a tandem epitope AhpC-2/Omp18-1/FlgH-1 was developed, which was composed of three epitopes and could effectively enhance the stability and antigenicity of the epitope while preserving its structure. The immunization of BALB/c mice with a tandem epitope could induce protective immunity accompanied by the generation of IgG2a antibody response through the in vitro synthesis of IFN-γ cytokines. Judging from the results of immune protection experiments, the colonization of C. jejuni declined to a significant extent, and it was expected that AhpC-2/Omp18-1/FlgH-1 could be adopted as a candidate antigen for genetic engineering vaccine of C. jejuni MAP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiang Lou
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, China
| | - Xusheng Li
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, China
| | - Xiusheng Sheng
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, China
| | - Shuiqin Fang
- Shanghai Prajna Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoye Wan
- Shanghai Prajna Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Aihua Sun
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haohao Chen
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Rollier CS, Dold C, Marsay L, Linder A, Green CA, Sadarangani M, Norheim G, Derrick JP, Feavers IM, Maiden MCJ, Pollard AJ. Human B Cell Responses to Dominant and Subdominant Antigens Induced by a Meningococcal Outer Membrane Vesicle Vaccine in a Phase I Trial. mSphere 2022;:e0067421. [PMID: 35080470 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00674-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Neisseria meningitidis outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines are safe and provide strain-specific protection against invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) primarily by inducing serum bactericidal antibodies against the outer membrane proteins (OMP). To design broader coverage vaccines, knowledge of the immunogenicity of all the antigens contained in OMVs is needed. In a Phase I clinical trial, an investigational meningococcal OMV vaccine, MenPF1, made from a meningococcus genetically modified to constitutively express the iron-regulated FetA induced bactericidal responses to both the PorA and the FetA antigen present in the OMP. Using peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from this trial, we analyzed the kinetics of and relationships between IgG, IgA, and IgM B cell responses against recombinant PorA and FetA, including (i) antibody-secreting cells, (ii) memory B cells, and (iii) functional antibody responses (opsonophagocytic and bactericidal activities). Following MenPF1vaccination, PorA-specific IgG secreting cell responses were detected in up to 77% of participants and FetA-specific responses in up to 36%. Memory B cell responses to the vaccine were low or absent and mainly detected in participants who had evidence of preexisting immunity (P = 0.0069). Similarly, FetA-specific antibody titers and bactericidal activity increased in participants with preexisting immunity and is consistent with the idea that immune responses are elicited to minor antigens during asymptomatic Neisseria carriage, which can be boosted by OMV vaccines. IMPORTANCENeisseria meningitidis outer membrane vesicles (OMV) are a component of the capsular group B meningococcal vaccine 4CMenB (Bexsero) and have been shown to induce 30% efficacy against gonococcal infection. They are composed of multiple antigens and are considered an interesting delivery platform for vaccines against several bacterial diseases. However, the protective antibody response after two or three doses of OMV-based meningococcal vaccines appears short-lived. We explored the B cell response induced to a dominant and a subdominant antigen in a meningococcal OMV vaccine in a clinical trial and showed that immune responses are elicited to minor antigens. However, memory B cell responses to the OMV were low or absent and mainly detected in participants who had evidence of preexisting immunity against the antigens. Failure to induce a strong B cell response may be linked with the low persistence of protective responses.
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhang BZ, Hu D, Dou Y, Xiong L, Wang X, Hu J, Xing SZ, Li W, Cai JP, Jin M, Zhang M, Lin Q, Li M, Yuen KY, Huang JD. Identification and Evaluation of Recombinant Outer Membrane Proteins as Vaccine Candidates Against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Front Immunol 2021; 12:730116. [PMID: 34745099 PMCID: PMC8564470 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.730116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae found in the normal flora of the human oral and intestinal tract mainly causes hospital-acquired infections but can also cause community-acquired infections. To date, most clinical trials of vaccines against K. pneumoniae have ended in failure. Furthermore, no single conserved protein has been identified as an antigen candidate to accelerate vaccine development. In this study, we identified five outer membrane proteins of K. pneumoniae, namely, Kpn_Omp001, Kpn_Omp002, Kpn_Omp003, Kpn_Omp004, and Kpn_Omp005, by using reliable second-generation proteomics and bioinformatics. Mice vaccinated with these five KOMPs elicited significantly higher antigen-specific IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a. However, only Kpn_Omp001, Kpn_Omp002, and Kpn_Omp005 were able to induce a protective immune response with two K. pneumoniae infection models. These protective effects were accompanied by the involvement of different immune responses induced by KOMPs, which included KOMPs-specific IFN-γ-, IL4-, and IL17A-mediated immune responses. These findings indicate that Kpn_Omp001, Kpn_Omp002, and Kpn_Omp005 are three potential Th1, Th2, and Th17 candidate antigens, which could be developed into multivalent and serotype-independent vaccines against K. pneumoniae infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhong Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Danyu Hu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Dou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Lifeng Xiong
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Jingchu Hu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shao-Zhen Xing
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian-Piao Cai
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Meiling Jin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengya Zhang
- Vaccine and Antibody Engineering, HKU-Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-ZIRI), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiubin Lin
- Vaccine and Antibody Engineering, HKU-Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-ZIRI), Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
- Vaccine and Antibody Engineering, HKU-Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-ZIRI), Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Grinter R, Morris FC, Dunstan RA, Leung PM, Kropp A, Belousoff M, Gunasinghe SD, Scott NE, Beckham S, Peleg AY, Greening C, Li J, Heinz E, Lithgow T. BonA from Acinetobacter baumannii Forms a Divisome-Localized Decamer That Supports Outer Envelope Function. mBio 2021; 12:e0148021. [PMID: 34311571 DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01480-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a high-risk pathogen due to the rapid global spread of multidrug-resistant lineages. Its phylogenetic divergence from other ESKAPE pathogens means that determinants of its antimicrobial resistance can be difficult to extrapolate from other widely studied bacteria. A recent study showed that A. baumannii upregulates production of an outer membrane lipoprotein, which we designate BonA, in response to challenge with polymyxins. Here, we show that BonA has limited sequence similarity and distinct structural features compared to lipoproteins from other bacterial species. Analyses through X-ray crystallography, small-angle X-ray scattering, electron microscopy, and multiangle light scattering demonstrate that BonA has a dual BON (Bacterial OsmY and Nodulation) domain architecture and forms a decamer via an unusual oligomerization mechanism. This analysis also indicates this decamer is transient, suggesting dynamic oligomerization plays a role in BonA function. Antisera recognizing BonA shows it is an outer membrane protein localized to the divisome. Loss of BonA modulates the density of the outer membrane, consistent with a change in its structure or link to the peptidoglycan, and prevents motility in a clinical strain (ATCC 17978). Consistent with these findings, the dimensions of the BonA decamer are sufficient to permeate the peptidoglycan layer, with the potential to form a membrane-spanning complex during cell division. IMPORTANCE The pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii is considered an urgent threat to human health. A. baumannii is highly resistant to treatment with antibiotics, in part due to its protective cell envelope. This bacterium is only distantly related to other bacterial pathogens, so its cell envelope has distinct properties and contains components distinct from those of other bacteria that support its function. Here, we report the discovery of BonA, a protein that supports A. baumannii outer envelope function and is required for cell motility. We determine the atomic structure of BonA and show that it forms part of the cell division machinery and functions by forming a complex, features that mirror those of distantly related homologs from other bacteria. By improving our understanding of the A. baumannii cell envelope this work will assist in treating this pathogen.
Collapse
|
43
|
Keffer JL, McAllister SM, Garber AI, Hallahan BJ, Sutherland MC, Rozovsky S, Chan CS. Iron Oxidation by a Fused Cytochrome-Porin Common to Diverse Iron-Oxidizing Bacteria. mBio 2021; 12:e0107421. [PMID: 34311573 DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01074-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron (Fe) oxidation is one of Earth’s major biogeochemical processes, key to weathering, soil formation, water quality, and corrosion. However, our understanding of microbial contribution is limited by incomplete knowledge of microbial iron oxidation mechanisms, particularly in neutrophilic iron oxidizers. The genomes of many diverse iron oxidizers encode a homolog to an outer membrane cytochrome (Cyc2) shown to oxidize iron in two acidophiles. Phylogenetic analyses show Cyc2 sequences from neutrophiles cluster together, suggesting a common function, though this function has not been verified in these organisms. Therefore, we investigated the iron oxidase function of heterologously expressed Cyc2 from a neutrophilic iron oxidizer Mariprofundus ferrooxydans PV-1. Cyc2PV-1 is capable of oxidizing iron, and its redox potential is 208 ± 20 mV, consistent with the ability to accept electrons from Fe2+ at neutral pH. These results support the hypothesis that Cyc2 functions as an iron oxidase in neutrophilic iron-oxidizing organisms. The results of sequence analysis and modeling reveal that the entire Cyc2 family shares a unique fused cytochrome-porin structure, with a defining consensus motif in the cytochrome region. On the basis of results from structural analyses, we predict that the monoheme cytochrome Cyc2 specifically oxidizes dissolved Fe2+, in contrast to multiheme iron oxidases, which may oxidize solid Fe(II). With our results, there is now functional validation for diverse representatives of Cyc2 sequences. We present a comprehensive Cyc2 phylogenetic tree and offer a roadmap for identifying cyc2/Cyc2 homologs and interpreting their function. The occurrence of cyc2 in many genomes beyond known iron oxidizers presents the possibility that microbial iron oxidation may be a widespread metabolism.
Collapse
|
44
|
Hawley KL, Montezuma-Rusca JM, Delgado KN, Singh N, Uversky VN, Caimano MJ, Radolf JD, Luthra A. Structural Modeling of the Treponema pallidum Outer Membrane Protein Repertoire: a Road Map for Deconvolution of Syphilis Pathogenesis and Development of a Syphilis Vaccine. J Bacteriol 2021; 203:e0008221. [PMID: 33972353 PMCID: PMC8407342 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00082-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Treponema pallidum, an obligate human pathogen, has an outer membrane (OM) whose physical properties, ultrastructure, and composition differ markedly from those of phylogenetically distant Gram-negative bacteria. We developed structural models for the outer membrane protein (OMP) repertoire (OMPeome) of T. pallidum Nichols using solved Gram-negative structures, computational tools, and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) of selected recombinant periplasmic domains. The T. pallidum "OMPeome" harbors two "stand-alone" proteins (BamA and LptD) involved in OM biogenesis and four paralogous families involved in the influx/efflux of small molecules: 8-stranded β-barrels, long-chain-fatty-acid transporters (FadLs), OM factors (OMFs) for efflux pumps, and T. pallidum repeat proteins (Tprs). BamA (TP0326), the central component of a β-barrel assembly machine (BAM)/translocation and assembly module (TAM) hybrid, possesses a highly flexible polypeptide-transport-associated (POTRA) 1-5 arm predicted to interact with TamB (TP0325). TP0515, an LptD ortholog, contains a novel, unstructured C-terminal domain that models inside the β-barrel. T. pallidum has four 8-stranded β-barrels, each containing positively charged extracellular loops that could contribute to pathogenesis. Three of five FadL-like orthologs have a novel α-helical, presumptively periplasmic C-terminal extension. SAXS and structural modeling further supported the bipartite membrane topology and tridomain architecture of full-length members of the Tpr family. T. pallidum's two efflux pumps presumably extrude noxious small molecules via four coexpressed OMFs with variably charged tunnels. For BamA, LptD, and OMFs, we modeled the molecular machines that deliver their substrates into the OM or external milieu. The spirochete's extended families of OM transporters collectively confer a broad capacity for nutrient uptake. The models also furnish a structural road map for vaccine development. IMPORTANCE The unusual outer membrane (OM) of T. pallidum, the syphilis spirochete, is the ultrastructural basis for its well-recognized capacity for invasiveness, immune evasion, and persistence. In recent years, we have made considerable progress in identifying T. pallidum's repertoire of OMPs. Here, we developed three-dimensional (3D) models for the T. pallidum Nichols OMPeome using structural modeling, bioinformatics, and solution scattering. The OM contains three families of OMP transporters, an OMP family involved in the extrusion of noxious molecules, and two "stand-alone" proteins involved in OM biogenesis. This work represents a major advance toward elucidating host-pathogen interactions during syphilis; understanding how T. pallidum, an extreme auxotroph, obtains a wide array of biomolecules from its obligate human host; and developing a vaccine with global efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L. Hawley
- Department of Pediatrics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Connecticut Children’s, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jairo M. Montezuma-Rusca
- Department of Pediatrics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Navreeta Singh
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Melissa J. Caimano
- Department of Pediatrics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Justin D. Radolf
- Department of Pediatrics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Immunology, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Amit Luthra
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kędziora A, Speruda M, Wernecki M, Dudek B, Kapczynska K, Krzyżewska E, Rybka J, Bugla-Płoskońska G. How Bacteria Change after Exposure to Silver Nanoformulations: Analysis of the Genome and Outer Membrane Proteome. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10070817. [PMID: 34209937 PMCID: PMC8308822 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10070817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE the main purpose of this work was to compare the genetic and phenotypic changes of E. coli treated with silver nanoformulations (E. coli BW25113 wt, E. coli BW25113 AgR, E. coli J53, E. coli ATCC 11229 wt, E. coli ATCC 11229 var. S2 and E. coli ATCC 11229 var. S7). Silver, as the metal with promising antibacterial properties, is currently widely used in medicine and the biomedical industry, in both ionic and nanoparticles forms. Silver nanoformulations are usually considered as one type of antibacterial agent, but their physical and chemical properties determine the way of interactions with the bacterial cell, the mode of action, and the bacterial cell response to silver. METHODS the changes in the bacterial genome, resulting from the treatment of bacteria with various silver nanoformulations, were verified by analyzing of genes (selected with mutfunc) and their conservative and non-conservative mutations selected with BLOSUM62. The phenotype was verified using an outer membrane proteome analysis (OMP isolation, 2-DE electrophoresis, and MS protein identification). RESULTS the variety of genetic and phenotypic changes in E. coli strains depends on the type of silver used for bacteria treatment. The most changes were identified in E. coli ATCC 11229 treated with silver nanoformulation signed as S2 (E. coli ATCC 11229 var. S2). We pinpointed 39 genes encoding proteins located in the outer membrane, 40 genes of their regulators, and 22 genes related to other outer membrane structures, such as flagellum, fimbria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or exopolysaccharide in this strain. Optical density of OmpC protein in E. coli electropherograms decreased after exposure to silver nanoformulation S7 (noticed in E. coli ATCC 11229 var. S7), and increased after treatment with the other silver nanoformulations (SNF) marked as S2 (noticed in E. coli ATCC 11229 var. S2). Increase of FliC protein optical density was identified in turn after Ag+ treatment (noticed in E.coli AgR). CONCLUSION the results show that silver nanoformulations (SNF) exerts a selective pressure on bacteria causing both conservative and non-conservative mutations. The proteomic approach revealed that the levels of some proteins have changed after treatment with appropriate SNF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kędziora
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.S.); (M.W.); (B.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (G.B.-P.); Tel.: +487-1375-6323 (A.K.)
| | - Mateusz Speruda
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.S.); (M.W.); (B.D.)
| | - Maciej Wernecki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.S.); (M.W.); (B.D.)
| | - Bartłomiej Dudek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.S.); (M.W.); (B.D.)
| | - Katarzyna Kapczynska
- Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (E.K.); (J.R.)
| | - Eva Krzyżewska
- Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (E.K.); (J.R.)
| | - Jacek Rybka
- Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (E.K.); (J.R.)
| | - Gabriela Bugla-Płoskońska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.S.); (M.W.); (B.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (G.B.-P.); Tel.: +487-1375-6323 (A.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wang S, You C, Memon FQ, Zhang G, Sun Y, Si H. BaeR participates in cephalosporins susceptibility by regulating the expression level of outer membrane proteins in Escherichia coli. J Biochem 2021; 169:101-108. [PMID: 32882009 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The two-component system BaeSR participates in antibiotics resistance of Escherichia coli. To know whether the outer membrane proteins involve in the antibiotics resistance mediated by BaeSR, deletion of acrB was constructed and the recombined plasmid p-baeR was introduced into E. coli K12 and K12△acrB. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antibacterial agents were determined by 2-fold broth micro-dilution method. Gene expressions related with major outer membrane proteins and multidrug efflux pump-related genes were determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The results revealed that the MICs of K12ΔacrB to the tested drugs except for gentamycin and amikacin decreased 2- to 16.75-folds compared with those of K12. When BaeR was overexpressed, the MICs of K12ΔacrB/p-baeR to ceftiofur and cefotaxime increased 2.5- and 2-fold, respectively, compared with their corresponding that of K12△acrB. At the same time, the expression levels of ompC, ompF, ompW, ompA and ompX showed significant reduction in K12ΔacrB/p-baeR as compared with K12△acrB. Moreover, the expression levels of ompR, marA, rob and tolC also significantly 'decreased' in K12ΔacrB/p-baeR. These findings indicated that BaeR overproduction can decrease cephalosporins susceptibility in acrB-free E. coli by decreasing the expression level of outer membrane proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiyang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunbo You
- Guangxi Nongken Yongxin Animal Husbandry Group Xijiang Co. LTD, Guigang 537000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fareed Qumar Memon
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, People's Republic of China
| | - Geyin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawei Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wang X, Peterson JH, Bernstein HD. Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins Are Targeted to the Bam Complex by Two Parallel Mechanisms. mBio 2021; 12:e00597-21. [PMID: 33947759 PMCID: PMC8262991 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00597-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane proteins that are integrated into the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria typically contain a unique "β barrel" structure that serves as a membrane spanning segment. A conserved "β signal" motif is located at the C terminus of the β barrel of many outer membrane proteins (OMPs), but the function of this sequence is unclear. We found that mutations in the β signal slightly delayed the assembly of three model Escherichia coli OMPs by reducing their affinity for the barrel assembly machinery (Bam) complex, a heterooligomer that catalyzes β barrel insertion, and led to the degradation of a fraction of the protein in the periplasm. Interestingly, the absence of the periplasmic chaperone SurA amplified the effect of the mutations and caused the complete degradation of the mutant proteins. In contrast, the absence of another periplasmic chaperone (Skp) suppressed the effect of the mutations and considerably enhanced the efficiency of assembly. Our results reveal the existence of two parallel OMP targeting mechanisms that rely on a cis-acting peptide (the β signal) and a trans-acting factor (SurA), respectively. Our results also challenge the long-standing view that periplasmic chaperones are redundant and provide evidence that they have specialized functions.IMPORTANCE Proteins that are embedded in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria (OMPs) play an important role in protecting the cell from harmful chemicals. OMPs share a common architecture and often contain a conserved sequence motif (β motif) of unknown function. Although OMPs are escorted to the outer membrane by proteins called chaperones, the exact function of the chaperones is also unclear. Here, we show that the β motif and the chaperone SurA both target OMPs to the β barrel insertion machinery in the outer membrane. In contrast, the chaperone Skp delivers unintegrated OMPs to protein degradation complexes. Our results challenge the long-standing view that chaperones are functionally redundant and strongly suggest that they have specialized roles in OMP targeting and quality control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Janine H Peterson
- Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Harris D Bernstein
- Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Medina-Aparicio L, Rodriguez-Gutierrez S, Rebollar-Flores JE, Martínez-Batallar ÁG, Mendoza-Mejía BD, Aguirre-Partida ED, Vázquez A, Encarnación S, Calva E, Hernández-Lucas I. The CRISPR-Cas System Is Involved in OmpR Genetic Regulation for Outer Membrane Protein Synthesis in Salmonella Typhi. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:657404. [PMID: 33854491 PMCID: PMC8039139 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.657404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The CRISPR-Cas cluster is found in many prokaryotic genomes including those of the Enterobacteriaceae family. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) harbors a Type I-E CRISPR-Cas locus composed of cas3, cse1, cse2, cas7, cas5, cas6e, cas1, cas2, and a CRISPR1 array. In this work, it was determined that, in the absence of cas5 or cas2, the amount of the OmpC porin decreased substantially, whereas in individual cse2, cas6e, cas1, or cas3 null mutants, the OmpF porin was not observed in an electrophoretic profile of outer membrane proteins. Furthermore, the LysR-type transcriptional regulator LeuO was unable to positively regulate the expression of the quiescent OmpS2 porin, in individual S. Typhi cse2, cas5, cas6e, cas1, cas2, and cas3 mutants. Remarkably, the expression of the master porin regulator OmpR was dependent on the Cse2, Cas5, Cas6e, Cas1, Cas2, and Cas3 proteins. Therefore, the data suggest that the CRISPR-Cas system acts hierarchically on OmpR to control the synthesis of outer membrane proteins in S. Typhi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Medina-Aparicio
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Sarahí Rodriguez-Gutierrez
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Javier E Rebollar-Flores
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - Blanca D Mendoza-Mejía
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Eira D Aguirre-Partida
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Vázquez
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Sergio Encarnación
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Edmundo Calva
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Ismael Hernández-Lucas
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Xu X, Chen J, Huang X, Feng S, Zhang X, She F, Wen Y. The Role of a Dipeptide Transporter in the Virulence of Human Pathogen, Helicobacter pylori. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:633166. [PMID: 33732225 PMCID: PMC7959749 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.633166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori harbors a dipeptide (Dpp) transporter consisting of a substrate-binding protein (DppA), two permeases (DppB and C), and two ATPases (DppD and F). The Dpp transporter is responsible for the transportation of dipeptides and short peptides. We found that its expression is important for the growth of H. pylori. To understand the role of the Dpp transporter in the pathogenesis of H. pylori, the expression of virulence factors and H. pylori-induced IL-8 production were investigated in H. pylori wild-type and isogenic H. pylori Dpp transporter mutants. We found that expression of CagA was downregulated, while expression of type 4 secretion system (T4SS) components was upregulated in Dpp transporter mutants. The DppA mutant strain expressed higher levels of outer membrane proteins (OMPs), including BabA, HopZ, OipA, and SabA, and showed a higher adhesion level to gastric epithelial AGS cells compared with the H. pylori 26695 wild-type strain. After infection of AGS cells, H. pylori ΔdppA induced a higher level of NF-κB activation and IL-8 production compared with wild-type. These results suggested that in addition to supporting the growth of H. pylori, the Dpp transporter causes bacteria to alter the expression of virulence factors and reduces H. pylori-induced NF-κB activation and IL-8 production in gastric epithelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junwei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shunhang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feifei She
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yancheng Wen
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Grund ME, Choi Soo J, Cote CK, Berisio R, Lukomski S. Thinking Outside the Bug: Targeting Outer Membrane Proteins for Burkholderia Vaccines. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030495. [PMID: 33668922 PMCID: PMC7996558 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing antimicrobial resistance due to misuse and overuse of antimicrobials, as well as a lack of new and innovative antibiotics in development has become an alarming global threat. Preventative therapeutics, like vaccines, are combative measures that aim to stop infections at the source, thereby decreasing the overall use of antibiotics. Infections due to Gram-negative pathogens pose a significant treatment challenge because of substantial multidrug resistance that is acquired and spread throughout the bacterial population. Burkholderia spp. are Gram-negative intrinsically resistant bacteria that are responsible for environmental and nosocomial infections. The Burkholderia cepacia complex are respiratory pathogens that primarily infect immunocompromised and cystic fibrosis patients, and are acquired through contaminated products and equipment, or via patient-to-patient transmission. The Burkholderia pseudomallei complex causes percutaneous wound, cardiovascular, and respiratory infections. Transmission occurs through direct exposure to contaminated water, water-vapors, or soil, leading to the human disease melioidosis, or the equine disease glanders. Currently there is no licensed vaccine against any Burkholderia pathogen. This review will discuss Burkholderia vaccine candidates derived from outer membrane proteins, OmpA, OmpW, Omp85, and Bucl8, encompassing their structures, conservation, and vaccine formulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. Grund
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (M.E.G.); (S.J.C.)
| | - Jeon Choi Soo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (M.E.G.); (S.J.C.)
| | - Christopher K. Cote
- Bacteriology Division, The United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Frederick, MD 21702, USA;
| | - Rita Berisio
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR-IBB), 80145 Naples, Italy;
| | - Slawomir Lukomski
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (M.E.G.); (S.J.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-304-293-6405
| |
Collapse
|