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Abstract
Health systems and society are facing the growing problem of obesity and its accompanying comorbidities. New approaches to reduce these problems must be oriented to population groups in which long-lasting effects of interventions may occur. Biological processes occurring during the first 1000 days of life, which may be modulated by environmental modifications and result in phenotypes with differential risk for noncommunicable chronic disease, constitute an opportunity for interventions. The nutritional and general health conditions of pregnant women and the fetus, as well as toddlers, can be improved with interventions during the first 1000 days, offering pregnancy care, promoting breastfeeding, instructing on the use of complementary foods, and educating on the adequacy of the family dietary patterns for children. Evidence that interventions during this period result in promotion of children's growth and development, influencing the risk for development of obesity in infancy, is available. In this article, an ongoing program in Mexico City directed to offer continuum of care during the first 1000 days is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Estrada-Gutiérrez
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, México City, México
| | - Elena Zambrano
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, México
| | | | - Arturo Cardona-Pérez
- Dirección General, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, México City, México
| | - Felipe Vadillo-Ortega
- Dirección de Investigación y Unidad de Vinculación de la Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, México City, México
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Polo-Oteyza E, Gil-Zenteno L. Complementary feeding and future health in Mexico. Introduction to the XI Nestlé Nutrition Conference. Nutr Rev 2020; 78:1-5. [PMID: 33196094 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition in infancy provides an important window of opportunity to shape good health during childhood and adult life. The objective of this manuscript is to provide an introduction to the review articles that bring together the proceedings of the XI Nestlé Nutrition Conference "Complementary Feeding: A Piece of the Puzzle to Understand Future Health". The studies and description of complementary feeding practices in Mexico, from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012 (ENSANUT 2012), support the urgent need for strong policy actions to promote healthy eating and appropriate complementary feeding practices. Early interventions considering a life course approach and maternal and child nutrition are essential to prevent obesity, chronic disease and to ensure better health for the Mexican population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernestina Polo-Oteyza
- Fondo Nestlé para la Nutrición, Fundación Mexicana para la Salud, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Lidia Gil-Zenteno
- Fondo Nestlé para la Nutrición, Fundación Mexicana para la Salud, Ciudad de México, México
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Chavira-Suárez E, Rosel-Pech C, Polo-Oteyza E, Ancira-Moreno M, Ibarra-González I, Vela-Amieva M, Meraz-Cruz N, Aguilar-Salinas C, Vadillo-Ortega F. Simultaneous evaluation of metabolomic and inflammatory biomarkers in children with different body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237917. [PMID: 32834003 PMCID: PMC7446833 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disturbances and systemic pro-inflammatory changes have been reported in children with obesity. However, it is unclear the time-sequence of metabolic or inflammatory modifications during children obesity evolution. Our study aimed to quantify simultaneously metabolomic and inflammatory biomarkers in serum from children with different levels of adiposity. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was used to perform targeted metabolomics and inflammatory cytokines measurements. Serum samples from children between six to ten years old were analyzed using either body mass index (BMI) or waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) classifications. One hundred and sixty-eight school-aged children were included. BMI classification in children with overweight or obesity showed altered concentrations of glucose and amino acids (glycine and tyrosine). Children classified by WHtR exhibited imbalances in amino acids (glycine, valine, and tyrosine) and lipids (triacyl glycerides and low-density lipoprotein) compared to control group. No differences in systemic inflammation biomarkers or in the prevalence of other results were found in these children. Abnormal arterial blood pressure was found in 32% of children with increased adiposity. In conclusion, obesity in school-aged children is characterized by significant metabolic modifications that are not accompanied by major disturbances in circulating concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Chavira-Suárez
- Unidad de Vinculación Científica de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Rosel-Pech
- Unidad de Vinculación Científica de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Inmunología e Infectología, Hospital de Infectología “Dr. Daniel Méndez Hernández" Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ernestina Polo-Oteyza
- Fondo Nestlé para la Nutrición, Fundación Mexicana Para la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mónica Ancira-Moreno
- Unidad de Vinculación Científica de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
- Health Department, Universidad Iberoamericana, A.C., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Isabel Ibarra-González
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Vela-Amieva
- Laboratorio de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo y Tamiz, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Noemi Meraz-Cruz
- Unidad de Vinculación Científica de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Aguilar-Salinas
- Dirección de Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Felipe Vadillo-Ortega
- Unidad de Vinculación Científica de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
- * E-mail:
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Polo-Oteyza E, Ancira-Moreno M, Rosel-Pech C, Sánchez-Mendoza MT, Salinas-Martínez V, Vadillo-Ortega F. An intervention to promote physical activity in Mexican elementary school students: building public policy to prevent noncommunicable diseases. Nutr Rev 2017; 75:70-78. [PMID: 28049751 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuw047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity is an important component of strategies for health promotion and prevention of noncommunicable diseases. It is also associated with decreased risk for cardiovascular disease in overweight and obese adults and children. This article addresses the initial description of a physical activity intervention for children attending public elementary schools in Mexico. The objective was to develop a replicable model based on a strategic public, private, academic, and social partnership that would have a short-term impact on the metabolic health of children and be useful for building effective public policy. Forty-nine schools (20 000 students) participated, and 5 schools were selected for evaluation. The intervention included a 30-minute supervised middle-effort interchangeable routine, 5 days a week for a complete school year, adapted for different school conditions and students of different ages. Evaluation included anthropometric measurements and biochemical markers. Actual prevalence of combined overweight and obesity in these children was 31.9%. The intervention was successfully implemented in all schools. No change in body mass index, waist circumference, or other anthropometric indicators was found. However, changes in biochemical markers showed a significant decrease in blood glucose, total cholesterol, and cholesterol-low-density lipoproteins, reflecting a positive effect on cardiovascular health indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernestina Polo-Oteyza
- E. Polo-Oteyza is with the Fondo Nestlé para la Nutrición, Fundación Mexicana para la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico. M. Ancira-Moreno, C. Rosel-Pech, and F. Vadillo-Ortega are with the Unidad de Vinculación de la Facultad de Medicina, UNAM en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico. M. Teresa Sánchez-Mendoza is with the Subdirección Regional de Educación Básica Metepec, Secretaría de Educación, Gobierno del Estado de Mexico, Metepec, Mexico. V. Salinas-Martínez is with the Hospital Materno Perinatal Mónica Pretelini, Toluca, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Mónica Ancira-Moreno
- E. Polo-Oteyza is with the Fondo Nestlé para la Nutrición, Fundación Mexicana para la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico. M. Ancira-Moreno, C. Rosel-Pech, and F. Vadillo-Ortega are with the Unidad de Vinculación de la Facultad de Medicina, UNAM en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico. M. Teresa Sánchez-Mendoza is with the Subdirección Regional de Educación Básica Metepec, Secretaría de Educación, Gobierno del Estado de Mexico, Metepec, Mexico. V. Salinas-Martínez is with the Hospital Materno Perinatal Mónica Pretelini, Toluca, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Rosel-Pech
- E. Polo-Oteyza is with the Fondo Nestlé para la Nutrición, Fundación Mexicana para la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico. M. Ancira-Moreno, C. Rosel-Pech, and F. Vadillo-Ortega are with the Unidad de Vinculación de la Facultad de Medicina, UNAM en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico. M. Teresa Sánchez-Mendoza is with the Subdirección Regional de Educación Básica Metepec, Secretaría de Educación, Gobierno del Estado de Mexico, Metepec, Mexico. V. Salinas-Martínez is with the Hospital Materno Perinatal Mónica Pretelini, Toluca, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - María Teresa Sánchez-Mendoza
- E. Polo-Oteyza is with the Fondo Nestlé para la Nutrición, Fundación Mexicana para la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico. M. Ancira-Moreno, C. Rosel-Pech, and F. Vadillo-Ortega are with the Unidad de Vinculación de la Facultad de Medicina, UNAM en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico. M. Teresa Sánchez-Mendoza is with the Subdirección Regional de Educación Básica Metepec, Secretaría de Educación, Gobierno del Estado de Mexico, Metepec, Mexico. V. Salinas-Martínez is with the Hospital Materno Perinatal Mónica Pretelini, Toluca, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Vicente Salinas-Martínez
- E. Polo-Oteyza is with the Fondo Nestlé para la Nutrición, Fundación Mexicana para la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico. M. Ancira-Moreno, C. Rosel-Pech, and F. Vadillo-Ortega are with the Unidad de Vinculación de la Facultad de Medicina, UNAM en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico. M. Teresa Sánchez-Mendoza is with the Subdirección Regional de Educación Básica Metepec, Secretaría de Educación, Gobierno del Estado de Mexico, Metepec, Mexico. V. Salinas-Martínez is with the Hospital Materno Perinatal Mónica Pretelini, Toluca, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Felipe Vadillo-Ortega
- E. Polo-Oteyza is with the Fondo Nestlé para la Nutrición, Fundación Mexicana para la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico. M. Ancira-Moreno, C. Rosel-Pech, and F. Vadillo-Ortega are with the Unidad de Vinculación de la Facultad de Medicina, UNAM en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico. M. Teresa Sánchez-Mendoza is with the Subdirección Regional de Educación Básica Metepec, Secretaría de Educación, Gobierno del Estado de Mexico, Metepec, Mexico. V. Salinas-Martínez is with the Hospital Materno Perinatal Mónica Pretelini, Toluca, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
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Aguilar-Salinas CA, Bourges-Rodriguez H, Polo-Oteyza E. Prevention of diabetes in Mexico: summary of evidence on preventive interventions presented at the 2014 Nestle Nutrition Conference. Nutr Rev 2017; 75:1-3. [PMID: 28049744 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuw050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas
- C.A. Aguilar-Salinas is with the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. H. Bourges-Rodriguez is with the Direction of Nutrition, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. E. Polo-Oteyza is with the Fondo Nestlé para la Nutrición, Fundacion Mexicana para la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Hector Bourges-Rodriguez
- C.A. Aguilar-Salinas is with the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. H. Bourges-Rodriguez is with the Direction of Nutrition, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. E. Polo-Oteyza is with the Fondo Nestlé para la Nutrición, Fundacion Mexicana para la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ernestina Polo-Oteyza
- C.A. Aguilar-Salinas is with the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. H. Bourges-Rodriguez is with the Direction of Nutrition, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. E. Polo-Oteyza is with the Fondo Nestlé para la Nutrición, Fundacion Mexicana para la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
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Palacios-González B, Vadillo-Ortega F, Polo-Oteyza E, Sánchez T, Ancira-Moreno M, Romero-Hidalgo S, Meráz N, Antuna-Puente B. Irisin levels before and after physical activity among school-age children with different BMI: a direct relation with leptin. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2015; 23:729-32. [PMID: 25820255 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Irisin is a novel myokine that seems to mediate the beneficial effects of exercise. Levels of circulating irisin before and after an 8-month physical activity program (PAP) in school-age children were evaluated. METHODS Irisin and leptin were measured at baseline and at follow-up among 85 children with different BMI. RESULTS Of the 85 children (mean age 8.9; 47% female), 25 children had normal weight, 23 were overweight, and 37 had obesity. We observed no significant difference in irisin serum levels between boys and girls. Irisin was positively associated with BMI before and after the PAP (r(before) = 0.42; r(after) = 0.37, P < 0.001), with the highest levels in children with obesity. There was a slight decrease of circulating irisin after PAP, but this decrease was not of statistical significance. We observed a high and positive association between irisin and leptin levels before and after the PAP (r(before) = 0.78; r(after) = 0.82, P < 0.001). Moreover, changes in leptin correlated with changes in irisin (r = 0.72, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Circulating irisin is positively linked to BMI and leptin in school-age children, supporting the notion that that irisin is produced by adipose tissue. As in previous reports, this study failed to observe changes in irisin levels after exercise, likely because higher irisin levels are produced only during exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berenice Palacios-González
- Unidad de Vinculación de la Facultad de Medicina, U.N.A.M. en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico
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