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El-Atawy MA, Hanna DH, Bashal AH, Ahmed HA, Alshammari EM, Hamed EA, Aljohani AR, Omar AZ. Synthesis, Characterization, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activity against Colon Cancer Cells of Some Cinnamaldehyde-Based Chalcone Derivatives. Biomolecules 2024; 14:216. [PMID: 38397453 PMCID: PMC10886690 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current investigation was to produce cinammaldehyde-based chalcone derivatives (3a-k) to evaluate their potential effectiveness as antioxidant and inhibitory agents versus human Caco-2 cancer cells. The findings obtained using the DPPH assay showed that compound 3e had the highest effective antioxidant activity with the best IC50 value compared with the other compounds. Moreover, the cytotoxic findings revealed that compound 3e was the best compound for inhibiting Caco-2 development in contrast to all other produced derivatives, with the lowest IC50 concentration (32.19 ± 3.92 µM), and it also had no detrimental effects on healthy human lung cells (wi38 cells). Exposure of Caco-2 cells with this IC50 value of compound 3e resulted in a substantial rise in the number of early and late cells that are apoptotic with a significant comet nucleus when compared with control cells employing the annexin V/PI and comet evaluations, respectively. Furthermore, qRT-PCR and ELISA examinations indicated that compound 3e significantly altered the expression of genes and their relative proteins related to apoptosis in the treated Caco-2 cells, thus significantly inhibiting Caco-2 growth through activating Caspase-3 via an intrinsic apoptotic pathway. As a result, compound 3e could serve as an effective therapy for human colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. El-Atawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science at Yanbu, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.E.-A.); (A.H.B.); (H.A.A.); (A.R.A.)
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (E.A.H.); (A.Z.O.)
| | - Demiana H. Hanna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ali H. Bashal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science at Yanbu, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.E.-A.); (A.H.B.); (H.A.A.); (A.R.A.)
| | - Hoda A. Ahmed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science at Yanbu, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.E.-A.); (A.H.B.); (H.A.A.); (A.R.A.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Eida M. Alshammari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55473, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ezzat A. Hamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (E.A.H.); (A.Z.O.)
| | - Abdullah R. Aljohani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science at Yanbu, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.E.-A.); (A.H.B.); (H.A.A.); (A.R.A.)
- Saudi Irrigation Organization (SIO), Al-Hassa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Z. Omar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (E.A.H.); (A.Z.O.)
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Omar AZ, Khamis AM, Hamed EA, El-Sadany SK, Rehim EMA, Elba ME, Mohamed MG, El-Atawy MA. Synthesis, characterization, and application of novel aryldiazenyl disperse dyes on polyester fabrics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21554. [PMID: 38057351 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Azo dyes are widely used for dyeing polyester fabrics but require optimization of properties like color strength and fastness. Fourteen novel disperse azo dyes were synthesized from 2,3-naphthalenediol and aniline derivatives to examine their potential for polyester dyeing. The dyes were prepared via diazotization and coupling reactions and characterized using FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis. Furthermore, several techniques were employed to study the azo-hydrazone tautomerism, including UV-Vis spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and computational methods. DFT computations revealed hydrazone tautomers were more stable than azo tautomers. The prepared azo dyes were applied on polyester fabrics at 2% depth using a high temperature pressure technique in water utilizing DYEWELL-002 as a dispersing agent. The color shading of dyed polyester samples ranged from peach amber to apple of my eye, depending on the coupler moieties. The fastness properties, assessed using a grey scale of dyed polyester fabrics, indicated very good to excellent grades for most dyes. Additionally, measurements of color strength (K/S), dye exhaustion (%E), as well as colorimetric colors CILAB of dyed polyester fabrics values, were measured and discussed in terms of the effect of substituents. The findings provide new insights into structure-performance relationships to design optimized disperse dyes for polyester coloration. Overall, the synthesized aryldiazenyl dyes are promising candidates for dyeing polyester fabrics across a spectrum of shades with good fastness properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Z Omar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426, Ibrahemia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa M Khamis
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Ezzat A Hamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426, Ibrahemia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
| | - Samir K El-Sadany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426, Ibrahemia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed E Elba
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Mohamed G Mohamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426, Ibrahemia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Atawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426, Ibrahemia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, 46423, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
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El-Atawy MA, Alsubaie MS, Alazmi ML, Hamed EA, Hanna DH, Ahmed HA, Omar AZ. Synthesis, Characterization, and Anticancer Activity of New N,N'-Diarylthiourea Derivative against Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:6420. [PMID: 37687250 PMCID: PMC10490226 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of the current study was to prepare two new homologous series of N,N'-diarylurea and N,N'-diarylthiourea derivatives to investigate the therapeutic effects of these derivatives on the methodologies of inhibition directed on human MCF-7 cancer cells. The molecular structures of the prepared derivatives were successfully revealed through elemental analyses, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. The cytotoxic results showed that Diarylthiourea (compound 4) was the most effective in suppressing MCF-7 cell growth when compared to all other prepared derivatives, with the most effective IC50 value (338.33 ± 1.52 µM) after an incubation period of 24 h and no cytotoxic effects on normal human lung cells (wi38 cells). Using the annexin V/PI and comet tests, respectively, treated MCF-7 cells with this IC50 value of the Diarylthiourea 4 compound displayed a considerable increase in early and late apoptotic cells, as well as an intense comet nucleus in comparison to control cells. An arrest of the cell cycle in the S phase was observed via flow cytometry in MCF-7 cells treated with the Diarylthiourea 4 compound, suggesting the onset of apoptosis. Additionally, ELISA research showed that caspase-3 was upregulated in MCF-7 cells treated with compound 4 compared to control cells, suggesting that DNA damage induced by compound 4 may initiate an intrinsic apoptotic pathway and activate caspase-3. These results contributed to recognizing that the successfully prepared Diarylthiourea 4 compound inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cancer cells by arresting the S cell cycle and caspase-3 activation via an intrinsic apoptotic route. These results, however, need to be verified through in vivo studies utilizing an animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. El-Atawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (M.A.E.-A.); (A.Z.O.)
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai S. Alsubaie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (M.A.E.-A.); (A.Z.O.)
| | - Mohammed L. Alazmi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (M.A.E.-A.); (A.Z.O.)
| | - Ezzat A. Hamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (M.A.E.-A.); (A.Z.O.)
| | - Demiana H. Hanna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Hoda A. Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Alaa Z. Omar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (M.A.E.-A.); (A.Z.O.)
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Omar AZ, El-Rahman MA, Hamed EA, El-Sadany SK, El-Atawy MA. Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and dyeing performance of novel bis azo dyes derived from benzidine. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7826. [PMID: 37188698 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34660-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzidine was coupled with ethyl cyanoacetate, and malononitrile, to give azo-hydrazo products which in turn were cyclized by using hydrazine and phenyl hydrazine to give 4,4'-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diylbis(hydrazin-2-yl-1-ylidene))bis pyrazole derivatives 5-7. These compounds were identified by various spectral analysis. The examination of 0.1 M NaOH and 0.1 M HCl in DMF revealed that the λmax of the synthesized dyes are quite sensitive to pH variation and slightly affected by the coupler moieties. Utilizing the dispersion agent DYEWELL-002, polyester fabric (PE-F) was dyed in water. The color strength (K/S), its summation (K/Ssum), dye exhaustion (%E) and reflectance values were measured and discussed. The DFT method estimates the chemical descriptor parameters of the titled dyes, using B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level to investigate the performance of dyes as well as to postulate a mechanism of dyeing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Z Omar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426, Ibrahemia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A El-Rahman
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426, Ibrahemia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
| | - Ezzat A Hamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426, Ibrahemia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
| | - Samir K El-Sadany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426, Ibrahemia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Atawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426, Ibrahemia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, 46423, Saudi Arabia
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Z Omar A, G Mohamed M, A Hamed E, A El-Atawy M. Investigation of the Dyeing Ability of Some Reactive Triazine Azo Dyes Containing Pyrazole Fragment. Curr Org Synth 2023:COS-EPUB-131511. [PMID: 37151170 DOI: 10.2174/1570179420666230505094803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of dispersed reactive dyes bearing azo and cyanuric groups were synthesized, and their structures were established using spectral and elemental analyses. METHOD The IR, 1H NMR, and DFT studies indicated that the prepared reactive disperse dyes predominately exist as hydrazone tautomers. The electronic absorption spectra in methanol were observed and compared to those computed using B3LYP/6-311G(d,p). The dyeing efficiency of the produced dispersed reactive dyes was examined on polyester, cotton, and polyester/cotton blended fabrics. RESULTS The degree of exhaustion and the quick properties of the dyed samples in terms of perspiration, washing, scorch and light fastness were assessed. It was found that reactive disperse dyes under investigation have a higher affinity for dyeing polyester textiles than cotton textiles. CONCLUSION Moreover, the reflectance and color strength of the synthesized dyes were measured and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Z Omar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Mohamed G Mohamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Ezzat A Hamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Atawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia
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Omar AZ, Alazmi ML, Alsubaie MS, Hamed EA, Ahmed HA, El-Atawy MA. Synthesis of New Liquid-Crystalline Compounds Based on Terminal Benzyloxy Group: Characterization, DFT and Mesomorphic Properties. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093804. [PMID: 37175214 PMCID: PMC10179744 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of the terminal benzyloxy group on the mesomorphic properties of liquid crystalline materials developed from rod-like Schiff base has been described. For this objective, a novel Schiff base liquid crystal family, specifically new series of Schiff base liquid crystals, namely, (E)-4-(alkyloxy)-N-(4-(benzyloxy)benzylidene)aniline, In, are prepared and investigated in detail. The length of the terminal alkyloxy chain (n) varies amongst the compounds in the series. Where n varies between 6, 8 and 16 carbons. At the other end of the compounds, benzyloxy moiety was attached. The molecular structures of all synthesized compounds were established using different spectroscopic techniques. The molecular self-assembly was explored using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical microscope (POM). Depending on the length of the terminal alkyloxy chain, only one type of SmA phase with different stability was observed. The previously reported para-substituted systems and the present investigated compounds were compared and discussed. The calculated quantum chemical parameters were computationally correlated using the DFT method via the B3LYP 6-311G(d,p) basis set. The theoretical computations revealed that the length of the alkyl side chain influences the zero-point energy, reactivity and other estimated thermodynamic parameters of benzoyloxy/azomethine derivatives. Furthermore, the FMO energy analysis shows that molecule I16 have higher HOMO energies than the other compounds, and I6 has a much lower LUMO level than the rest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Z Omar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Mohammed L Alazmi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Mai S Alsubaie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Ezzat A Hamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Hoda A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, P.O. Box 12613, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Atawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia
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El-Atawy MA, Omar AZ, Alazmi ML, Alsubaie MS, Hamed EA, Ahmed HA. Synthesis and characterization of new imine liquid crystals based on terminal perfluoroalkyl group. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14871. [PMID: 37025900 PMCID: PMC10070094 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
New organic derivatives named, (E)-3(or4) -(alkyloxy)-N-{(trifluoromethyl)benzylidene}aniline, 1a-f, were synthesized and examined their liquid crystalline behaviors. FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 19F NMR, elemental analyses and GCMS were used to validate the prepared compounds' chemical structures. We used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical microscopy (POM) to investigate the mesomorphic characteristics of the formed Schiff bases. All tested compounds of series 1a-c have mesomorphic behaviour of nematogenic temperature ranges while the group 1d-f show non-mesomorphic properties. Moreover, it was found that the enantiotropic N phases included all of the homologue 1a-c. Computational studies using DFT (density functional theory) validated the experimental mesomorphic behavior results. All the analyzed compounds had their dipole moments, polarizability, and reactivity characteristics explained. Theoretical simulations showed that as the length of the terminal chain is increased, the polarizability of the stuided compounds increases. Consequently, compounds 1a and 1d have the least polarizability.
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Omar AZ, Mohamed MG, Hamed EA, El-atawy MA. Characterization, DFT Calculations and Dyeing Performance on Polyester Fabrics of Some Azo Disperse Dyes Containing Pyrazole Ring. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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El-Atawy MA, Alshaye NA, Elrubi N, Hamed EA, Omar AZ. Pyrimidines-Based Heterocyclic Compounds: Synthesis, Cytoxicity Evaluation and Molecular Docking. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154912. [PMID: 35956864 PMCID: PMC9370056 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of structurally different pyrimidines were synthesized. Elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy were used to confirm the chemical structures of all prepared compounds. The synthesized pyrimidines were screened against the growth of five human cancer cell lines (prostate carcinoma PC3, liver carcinoma HepG-2, human colon cancer HCT-116, human breast cancer MCF-7, human lung cancer A-549), and normal human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5) using MTT assay. Most of the screened pyrimidines have anti-proliferative activity on the growth of the PC3 cell line. Compounds 3b and 3d were more potent than the reference vinblastine sulfate (~2 to 3 × fold) and they can be considered promising leads for treating prostate cancer disease. Moreover, the screened compounds 3b, 3f, 3g, 3h, and 5 were assessed according to the values of their selectivity index (SI) and were found to be more selective and safer than vinblastine sulfate. Furthermore, using in silico computational tools, the physicochemical properties of all pyrimidine ligands were assessed, and the synthesized compounds fall within the criteria of RO5, thus having the potential to be orally bioavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. El-Atawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (N.E.); (E.A.H.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.E.-A.); (A.Z.O.); Tel.: +966-569-191-532 (M.A.E.-A.); +20-111-136-1784 (A.Z.O.)
| | - Najla A. Alshaye
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nada Elrubi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (N.E.); (E.A.H.)
| | - Ezzat A. Hamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (N.E.); (E.A.H.)
| | - Alaa Z. Omar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (N.E.); (E.A.H.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.E.-A.); (A.Z.O.); Tel.: +966-569-191-532 (M.A.E.-A.); +20-111-136-1784 (A.Z.O.)
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Omar AZ, Alshaye NA, Mosa TM, El-Sadany SK, Hamed EA, El-Atawy MA. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity Screening of Piperazines Bearing N, N'-Bis(1,3,4-thiadiazole) Moiety as Probable Enoyl-ACP Reductase Inhibitors. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123698. [PMID: 35744824 PMCID: PMC9228617 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new N,N'-disubstituted piperazine conjugated with 1,3,4-thiadiazole and 1,2,4-triazole was prepared and the chemical structures were identified by IR, NMR and elemental analysis. All the prepared compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial results indicated that the tested compounds showed significant antibacterial activity against gram-negative strains, especially E. coli, relative to gram-positive bacteria. Docking analysis was performed to support the biological results; binding modes with the active site of enoyl reductase amino acids from E. coli showed very good scores, ranging from -6.1090 to -9.6184 kcal/mol. Correlation analysis was performed for the inhibition zone (nm) and the docking score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Z. Omar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (T.M.M.); (S.K.E.-S.); (E.A.H.)
- Correspondence: (A.Z.O.); (M.A.E.-A.)
| | - Najla A. Alshaye
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Tawfik M. Mosa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (T.M.M.); (S.K.E.-S.); (E.A.H.)
| | - Samir K. El-Sadany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (T.M.M.); (S.K.E.-S.); (E.A.H.)
| | - Ezzat A. Hamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (T.M.M.); (S.K.E.-S.); (E.A.H.)
| | - Mohamed A. El-Atawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (T.M.M.); (S.K.E.-S.); (E.A.H.)
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.Z.O.); (M.A.E.-A.)
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Omar AZ, Mosa TM, El-Sadany SK, Hamed EA, El-Atawy M. Novel piperazine based compounds as potential inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 Protease Enzyme: Synthesis and molecular docking study. J Mol Struct 2021; 1245:131020. [PMID: 34248201 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Structurally diverse piperazine-based compounds hybrid with thiadiazole, isatin or with sulfur/nitrogen, functionalities were synthesized. The structures of the new compounds were established based on their spectral data and elemental analysis. The physicochemical, bioactivity scores and pharmacokinetic behavior of all the prepared ligands were evaluated using in silico computational tools. The new piperazine ligands have been screened for their inhibition activity against SARS-CoV-2 protease enzyme using molecular docking analysis. The docking studies showed that all the ligands have been docked with negative dock energy onto the target protease protein. Moreover, Molecular interaction studies revealed that SARS-CoV-2 protease enzyme had strong hydrogen bonding interactions with piperazine ligands. The present in silico study thus, provided some guidance to facilitate drug design targeting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Z Omar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Tawfik M Mosa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Samer K El-Sadany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Ezzat A Hamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Atawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423 Saudi Arabia
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Moghazy YM, Hamada NMM, Fathalla MF, Elmarassi YR, Hamed EA, El-Atawy MA. Understanding the reaction mechanism of the regioselective piperidinolysis of aryl 1-(2,4-dinitronaphthyl) ethers in DMSO: Kinetic and DFT studies. Progress in Reaction Kinetics and Mechanism 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/14686783211027446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of aryl 1-(2,4-dinitronaphthyl) ethers with piperidine in dimethyl sulfoxide at 25oC resulted in substitution of the aryloxy group at the ipso carbon atom. The reaction was measured spectrophotochemically and the kinetic studies suggested that the titled reaction is accurately third order. The mechanism is began by fast nucleophilic attack of piperidine on C1 to form zwitterion intermediate (I) followed by deprotonation of zwitterion intermediate (I) to the Meisenheimer ion (II) in a slow step, that is, SB catalysis. The regular variation of activation parameters suggested that the reaction proceeded through a common mechanism. The Hammett equation using reaction constant σo values and Brønsted coefficient value showed that the reaction is poorly dependent on aryloxy substituent and the reaction was significantly associative and Meisenheimer intermediate-like. The mechanism of piperidinolysis has been theoretically investigated using density functional theory method using B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) computational level. The combination between experimental and computational studies predicts what mechanism is followed either through uncatalyzed or catalyzed reaction pathways, that is, SB and SB-GA. The global parameters of the reactants, the proposed activated complexes, and the local Fukui function analysis explained that C1 carbon atom is the most electrophilic center of ether. Also, kinetics and theoretical calculation of activation energies indicated that the mechanism of the piperidinolysis passed through a two-step mechanism and the proton transfer process was the rate determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmen M Moghazy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nagwa MM Hamada
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Magda F Fathalla
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yasser R Elmarassi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Basic Science Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (Dammam University), Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ezzat A Hamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Atawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
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Moghazy YM, Fathalla MF, Hamada NMM, Elmarassi YR, Hamed EA. Experimental and theoretical approaches to the study of the reactivity and mechanism of the substitution of phenyl 1‐(2,4‐dinitronaphthyl) ether with anilines derivatives. INT J CHEM KINET 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmen M. Moghazy
- Chemistry and Physics DepartmentFaculty of EducationAlexandria University Alexandria Egypt
| | - Magda F. Fathalla
- Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of ScienceAlexandria University Alexandria Egypt
| | - Nagwa M. M. Hamada
- Chemistry and Physics DepartmentFaculty of EducationAlexandria University Alexandria Egypt
| | - Yasser R. Elmarassi
- Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of ScienceAlexandria University Alexandria Egypt
- Basic Science DepartmentImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (Dammam University) Dammam Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ezzat A. Hamed
- Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of ScienceAlexandria University Alexandria Egypt
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Fathalla MF, Elmarassi YR, Omer OF, Hamed EA. The Reaction of 2-Chloroquinoxaline with Piperidine in DMSO–H2O and DMF–H2O Mixtures: Kinetics and Solvent Effects. J SOLUTION CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-019-00911-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fathalla MF, Hamed EA. Kinetics of the Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Methyl 2,4-Dichloro-3,5-Dinitrobenzoate with Piperidine, Piperazine, Morpholine and Thiomorpholine in Methanol and Benzene. Journal of Chemical Research 2019. [DOI: 10.3184/030823406777980646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The kinetic of the nucleophilic substitution of methyl 2,4-dichloro-3,5-dinitrobenzoate with piperidine, piperazine, morpholine and thiomorpholine in methanol and benzene were determined spectrophotometrically at different amine concentrations and at temperatures ranging from 25 to 45 °C. The second order rate constants and the thermodynamic parameters show that the reactions are not amine catalysed and are greatly dependent of the nature of solvent and amine. UV, IR, 1H NMR, and elemental analysis are used to prove the aminodechlorination at C–2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda F. Fathalla
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Ezzat A. Hamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
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Fathalla MF, Ibrahim MF, Hamed EA. Kinetics of the Alkaline Hydrolysis of 2-Thioaryl-3, 5-Dinitropyridine Derivatives in 50% v/v DMSO–water. Journal of Chemical Research 2019. [DOI: 10.3184/030823404323000558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of the alkaline hydrolysis of substituted 2-thioaryl-3,5-dinitropyridine have been studied in 50% DMSO– water. The observed rate constants and the second order rate constants were calculated. The thermodynamic parameters for the unsubstituted compound reveals the activating power of the two nitro- and aza-groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda F. Fathalla
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Alexandria University, PO 426 Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud F. Ibrahim
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Alexandria University, PO 426 Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Ezzat A. Hamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Alexandria University, PO 426 Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
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Al-Howsaway HO, Fathalla MF, El-Bardan AA, Hamed EA. Reaction of 4-Chloro-3,5-Dinitrobenzotrifluoride with Aniline Derivatives. Substituent Effects. Journal of Chemical Research 2019. [DOI: 10.3184/030823407x240926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
N-(2,6-Dinitro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)aniline derivatives were prepared by anilino-dechlorination of 4-chloro-3, 5-dinitrobenzotrifluoride. IR, UV and 1H NMR studies suggested an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the amino hydrogen and one o-nitro group. An addition-elimination mechanism was suggested based on the second-order kinetics and the dependence of rates on the nature and the position of the substituent in the aniline ring, as well as the high negative values of ρ(-3.14, −3.16, −3.01). Such values indicate a positive charge on the aniline nitrogen in the transition state and that the rate is affected by the polar effect of the substituent. The β value (0.85 at 30°C) indicates an appreciable degree of bond formation in the transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamida O.M. Al-Howsaway
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Magda F. Fathalla
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, PO 426 Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Ali A. El-Bardan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, PO 426 Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Ezzat A. Hamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, PO 426 Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
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Mahmoud ME, Abdou AE, Shehata AK, Header HM, Hamed EA. Sustainable super fast adsorptive removal of Congo red dye from water by a novel technique based on microwave-enforced sorption process. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Mahmoud ME, Abdou AE, Shehata AK, Header HM, Hamed EA. Surface functionalized γ-alumina nanoparticles with N-cetyl- N , N , N -trimethyl ammonium bromide for adsorptive interaction with 2-nitrobenzoic and 4-nitrobenzoic acids. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.07.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Mahmoud ME, Abdou AE, Shehata AK, Header HM, Hamed EA. Behavior of γ-Al2O3-bonded-3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane nanosorbent toward potential binding and removal of 4-nitroaniline and 2-amino-3-nitro-pyridine from water. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.10.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ibrahim MF, El-Atawy MA, El-Sadany SK, Hamed EA. Anilinolysis of Picryl Benzoate Derivatives in Methanol: Reactivity, Regioselectivity, Kinetics, and Mechanism. INT J CHEM KINET 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud F. Ibrahim
- Chemistry Department; Faculty of Science, Alexandria University; Alexandria 21321 Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. El-Atawy
- Chemistry Department; Faculty of Science, Alexandria University; Alexandria 21321 Egypt
| | - Samir K. El-Sadany
- Chemistry Department; Faculty of Science, Alexandria University; Alexandria 21321 Egypt
| | - Ezzat A. Hamed
- Chemistry Department; Faculty of Science, Alexandria University; Alexandria 21321 Egypt
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Ibrahim MF, Abdel-Reheem HA, Khattab SN, Hamed EA. Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of 2,4-Dinitrobenzene Derivatives with Hydrazine: Leaving Group and Solvent Effects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.5539/ijc.v5n3p33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Shehata AK, Fathalla MF, Header HMA, Hamed EA. Kinetics of the reaction of arylethanediylidene-bis-dithiocarbazonoate Ni complexes with morpholine in benzene: Substituent and temperature effects. INT J CHEM KINET 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Asghar BHM, Fathalla MF, Hamed EA. Solvent and substituent effects on the reaction of 2- and 4-chloro-3,5-dinitrobenzotrifluorides with substituted anilines. INT J CHEM KINET 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Hamed SA, Hamed EA, Abdella MM. Septic encephalopathy: relationship to serum and cerebrospinal fluid levels of adhesion molecules, lipid peroxides and S-100B protein. Neuropediatrics 2009; 40:66-72. [PMID: 19809934 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1231054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Severe septic illness is often associated with cerebral manifestations such was disturbed consciousness and delirium. Little was known about its effect on the CNS. This is the first study in children that has assessed the direct mediators of brain inflammation and injury with sepsis. The serum and CSF concentrations of soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) (marker of endothelium-leukocyte interaction), nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxide (LPO) (markers for lipid peroxidation) and S-100B protein (marker of astrocytes activation and injury), were measured in 40 children with sepsis of whom 40% had moderate to severe septic encephalopathy. Serum from 25 normal children was used for comparison. Serum values of sICAM-1, NO, LPO and S100B were elevated in patients compared to controls. The greater elevation of the CSF:serum albumin ratio suggests loss of blood-brain barrier integrity. After normalising for CSF:serum albumin ratio, we demonstrated a significant intrathecal synthesis of NO, LPO and S100B. Patients with encephalopathy had elevated serum and CSF levels of sICAM-1, NO, LPO and S100B compared to sepsis only. This study indicates that the brain is vulnerable in children with sepsis. It also suggests that coordinated interactions between immune system, vascular endothelial cells, CNS barriers, astrocytes and brain lipid peroxides, may contribute to septic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Hamed
- Department of Neurology, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt
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Khattab SN, Hassan SY, Hamed EA, El-Faham A. Synthesis and Morpholinolysis of N,N-diethyl Carbamate Derivatives of 4- HOAt, 7-HOAt and HOBt. Journal of Chemical Research 2007. [DOI: 10.3184/030823407x209688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
N,N-Diethyl carbamates of 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (7-HOAt), 1-hydroxy-4-azabenzotriazole (4-HOAt), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt), and 1-hydroxypyrrolidine-2,5-dione have been synthesised. The reactivities of these active esters have been determined by studying the kinetics and mechanism of their morpholinolysis in acetonitrile at different temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherine N. Khattab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alexandria, P.O. 426 Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Seham Y. Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alexandria, P.O. 426 Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Ezzat A. Hamed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alexandria, P.O. 426 Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Ayman El-Faham
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alexandria, P.O. 426 Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the reproductive conditions in women with epilepsy. METHODS Eighty-eight women were included; 37.5% and 62.5% had generalized and partial epilepsies, respectively. Ovarian sonogram, reproductive hormone and lipid profiles were assessed. RESULTS Compared with the control group and in accordance with our laboratory reference values, irregular menses and polycystic ovaries (PCO(s)) were reported in 70.5% and 39.8% versus 21.7% and 16.7% of controls. Abnormalities in leutinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), LH-to-FSH ratio, testosterone (T) and prolactin (PRL) were identified. High values of FSH, LH and FSH-to-LH ratio were common with carbamazepine while that of T and PRL were common in untreated patients and with valproate. Low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was identified in approximately 59% but neither associated with duration and type of antiepileptic drugs nor patients' age, hormonal profile or PCO(s). Significant correlation was identified between menatrual irregularities, T, PRL, hormonal, lipid profile alterations, PCO(s) and seizure frequency but neither with epilepsy type nor focus. CONCLUSION This is the first study in our country that aimed at evaluation of reproductive conditions in women with epilepsy. This study indicates that reproductive dysfunction is common, hence, characterization of seizure-associated neuroendocrine adverse effects is important while managing women particularly during choice of antiepileptic medications as initial step and during patients' follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Hamed
- Department of Neurology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acetyl choline (ACh) is the main neurotransmitter of the efferent auditory system. This study is aimed to evaluate cochlear function in myasthenia gravis (MG), a neuromuscular transmission disorder caused by ACh receptor autoantibodies. METHODS This prospective study included 16 myasthenic patients, tested audiologically twice, first after improvement from myasthenic crisis or acute oropharyngeal dysfunction (1 week from admission) and then 2 months later. We detected the effect of contralateral acoustic stimulation (CAS) on patients' transient and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE and DPOAE). RESULTS Compared with controls, patients reported significant reduction in overall echo response and amplitude of TEOAEs at 1-2 kHz and at 1-6 kHz of DPOAE with marked reduction at 5 kHz. In the control group, CAS produced amplitude reduction in TEOAEs and DPOAEs at 1-4 kHz. Utilizing masking effect, patients reported amplitude reduction in TEOAEs at 1.5-4 kHz while DPOAEs did not reach significant level except at 1.5 and 5 kHz. After 2 months, no changes were observed compared with early assessment. CONCLUSIONS It is clear that disease progression is associated with irreversible cochlear damage. Lack of improvement in patients' emissions despite partial non-audiometric improvement in relation to receptors needs to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Hamed
- Department of Neurology, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt.
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Hamed EA, Meki ARMA, Gaafar AAA, Hamed SA. Role of some vasoactive mediators in patients with erectile dysfunction: their relationship with angiotensin-converting enzyme and growth hormone. Int J Impot Res 2004; 15:418-25. [PMID: 14671660 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3901059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The imbalance between vasoconstrictors and vasodilators may play an important role in the pathogenesis of erectile dysfunction (ED). A total of 36 patients with ED, organogenic [diabetic (n=12) and nondiabetic (n=12)] and psychogenic (n=12) etiology, and 12 healthy adult men as controls were included. The levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1), growth hormone (GH), angiotensin-converting enzyme activity (ACE), nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were determined in the flaccid penis cavernosal blood of patients and in cubital blood of patients and controls. In psychogenic ED, systemic ACE activity was elevated compared to controls (P<0.05). In diabetic and nondiabetic ED patients, systemic levels of ET-1 (P<0.0001 for both) and ACE activity (P<0.01 and <0.05) were higher while GH (P<0.0001 and <0.001), NO (P<0.0001 for both) and cGMP (P<0.01 for both) levels were lower compared to controls. In diabetic patients, systemic and cavernosal ET-1 levels (P<0.0001 for both) and cavernosal ACE activity levels (P<0.05) were significantly elevated while systemic and cavernosal NO (P<0.0001 for both) and GH (<0.001 and <0.05) levels were declined compared to psychogenic. In nondiabetic patients, systemic and cavernosal ET-1 levels (P<0.0001 for both) were significantly elevated while systemic and cavernosal NO (P<0.0001 for both) and systemic GH levels (P<0.05) were declined compared to psychogenic. Systemic NO was positively correlated with GH in psychogenic (r=0.616, P<0.05), diabetic (r=0.583, P<0.05) and nondiabetic (r=0.615, P<0.05) patients and correlated positively with cGMP (r=0.605, P<0.05) but negatively with ACE activities (r=-0.585, P<0.05) in diabetic patients. In conclusion, plasma levels of ET-1, ACE activities are elevated and associated with reduction of GH, NO and cGMP levels in the systemic and cavernous blood of ED patients. This disturbance may indicate endothelial dysfunction that may hind at their significance in the pathophysiology of ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Hamed
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut, Egypt.
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El-Bardan AA, El-Subruiti GM, El-Hegazy FEZM, Hamed EA. Kinetics and reactivity of substituted anilines with 2-chloro-5-nitropyridine in dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl formamide. INT J CHEM KINET 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.10053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Abstract
The electron impact tandem mass spectrometry of 3- and 5-nitropyridinylaryl sulfides are reported and discussed. The [M-1](+) ion is observed as the base peak for all the 5-nitropyridinylaryl sulfides, series I, whereas the 2-mercapto-3-nitrosopyridine fragment at m/z 139 represents the base peak for the 3-nitro isomers, series II, with the exception of the 3-substituted derivatives and the unsubstituted parent sulfide. The proposed fragmentation processes are substantiated by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Hammett correlation analysis of the substituent effect on the formation of fragments [RH(4)C(6)S](+), [C(6)H(4)R](+) and [M-HNO(2)](+) is discussed. Copyright 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- EF Saad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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EL Hegazy FEZM, Abdel Fattah SZ, Hamed EA, Sharaf SM. Kinetics of the reaction of 2-chloro-3,5-dinitropyridine withmeta- andpara-substituted anilines in methanol. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-1395(200009)13:9<549::aid-poc297>3.0.co;2-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Hamed EA, El-Bardan AA, Saad EF, Gohar GA, Hassan GM. Nucleophilic substitutions at the pyridine ring. Conformational preference of the products and kinetics of the reactions of 2-chloro-3-nitro- and 2-chloro-5-nitro-pyridines with arenethiolates †. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1039/a701902e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hamed EA. Nucleophilic substitutions at the pyridine ring: Kinetics of the reaction of 2-chloro-3-nitro and 2-chloro-5-nitropyridines with piperidine and morpholine in methanol and benzene. INT J CHEM KINET 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4601(1997)29:8<599::aid-kin5>3.0.co;2-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Hamed EA, El-faham A, Saad EF, El-bardan AA. SYNTHESIS AND SPECTRAL STUDIES OF SOME ARYL SULFIDES AND SULFONES. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 1996. [DOI: 10.1080/10426509608043461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Hamed EA, El-Saadi MS, El-Hegazy FM. Novel Route to β-Chloro Vinyl Sulfonesviathe Action of Phosphorus Pentachloride on Phenacyl Aryl Sulfones in Chloroform. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 1995. [DOI: 10.1080/00397919508013871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Balbaa M, Hamed EA, el-Ashwah A, Salem O, Shamss-Eldin A. Subsite study of human pepsin in disease. Indian J Biochem Biophys 1994; 31:136-7. [PMID: 7927435 DOI: pmid/7927435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The synthetic peptides AC-Glu-Phe-Phe (NO2)-Arg-amide (peptide VP) and AC-Ile-Glu-Phe-Phe (NO2)-Arg-amide (peptide VIP) are more readily hydrolyzed by human pepsin in gastric juice of patients of gastritis than those of duodenal ulcer and normal subjects. The kinetic parameters suggest that S3 subsite of the enzyme plays a role in the elevation of enzyme activity in gastric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Balbaa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt
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El-bardan AA, Gohar GA, El-Hegazy FEZM, Hamed EA. SYNTHESIS AND SPECTRAL STUDIES OF ALKYL-3- [(SUBSTITUTED PHENYLTHIO)METHYL] BENZOATES AND THEIR PHENYL SULFONYL DERIVATIVES. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 1992. [DOI: 10.1080/10426509208036863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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El-Bardan AA, El-Mallah NM, Hamed EA. Substituent effect on the relative strength of some arylthiomethyl- and arylsulphonylmethylbenzoic acids. J PHYS ORG CHEM 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.610050504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hamed EA, El-bardan AA, Moussa AM. SYNTHESIS AND SPECTRAL STUDIES OF SOME NOVEL ETHYL (SUBSTITUTED PHENYLTHIO) ACETATE AND PROPIONATE DERIVATIVES. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 1991. [DOI: 10.1080/10426509108034486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
The reactions of a series of methyl para-substituted phenylpropiolates 1a–e with piperidine, morpholine, and diethylamine in methanol and dimethylformamide (DMF) have been studied and their rates measured. The products were methyl β-(N,N-dialkylamino)-p-substituted cinnamates 2–4a–e. 1H NMR spectra were used to determine the configuration of the products. The ρ values in methanol ranged between 0.34 and 1.24 whereas in DMF they were between 0.85 and 1.88. The values of ΔS≠ favor a bimolecular rate-limiting step mechanism. Key words: nucleophilic addition to acetylenic esters.
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Hamed EA, Sharaf SM, Abdel-Baky SA, Ibrahim MF, Youssef AHA. Stereochemistry and kinetics of addition of amines to acetylenic ketones. J PHYS ORG CHEM 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.610031002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Hamed EA, Moussa AM, Youssef AHA. Stereochemistry and kinetics of thiophenoxide ion addition to methylpara-substituted phenylpropiolate derivatives in methanol. I. J PHYS ORG CHEM 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.610030605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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