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Kawaguchi K, Kuroda K, Zhao Z, Tani S, Harasawa A, Fukushima Y, Tanaka H, Noguchi R, Iimori T, Yaji K, Fujisawa M, Shin S, Komori F, Kobayashi Y, Kondo T. Time-, spin-, and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with a 1-MHz 10.7-eV pulse laser. Rev Sci Instrum 2023; 94:083902. [PMID: 37540119 DOI: 10.1063/5.0151859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
We describe a setup of time-, spin-, and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (tr-SARPES) employing a 10.7 eV (λ = 115.6 nm) pulse laser at a 1 MHz repetition rate as a probe photon source. This equipment effectively combines the technologies of a high-power Yb:fiber laser, ultraviolet-driven harmonic generation in Xe gas, and a SARPES apparatus equipped with very-low-energy-electron-diffraction spin detectors. A high repetition rate (1 MHz) of the probe laser allows experiments with the photoemission space-charge effects significantly reduced, despite a high flux of 1013 photons/s on the sample. The relatively high photon energy (10.7 eV) also brings the capability of observing a wide momentum range that covers the entire Brillouin zone of many materials while ensuring high momentum resolution. The experimental setup overcomes the low efficiency of spin-resolved measurements, which gets even more severe for the pump-probed unoccupied states, and affords the opportunity to investigate ultrafast electron and spin dynamics of modern quantum materials with energy and time resolutions of 25 meV and 360 fs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaishu Kawaguchi
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Kenta Kuroda
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Z Zhao
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - S Tani
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - A Harasawa
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Y Fukushima
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - H Tanaka
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - R Noguchi
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - T Iimori
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - K Yaji
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0003, Japan
| | - M Fujisawa
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - S Shin
- Office of University Professor, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - F Komori
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Y Kobayashi
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kondo
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
- Trans-Scale Quantum Science Institute, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Ito S, Arita M, Haruyama J, Feng B, Chen WC, Namatame H, Taniguchi M, Cheng CM, Bian G, Tang SJ, Chiang TC, Sugino O, Komori F, Matsuda I. Surface-state Coulomb repulsion accelerates a metal-insulator transition in topological semimetal nanofilms. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaaz5015. [PMID: 32219169 PMCID: PMC7083614 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz5015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of quantization at the nanoscale, the quantum size effect (QSE), allows flexible control of matter and is a rich source of advanced functionalities. A QSE-induced transition into an insulating phase in semimetallic nanofilms was predicted for bismuth a half-century ago and has regained new interest with regard to its surface states exhibiting nontrivial electronic topology. Here, we reveal an unexpected mechanism of the transition by high-resolution angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy combined with theoretical calculations. Anomalous evolution and degeneracy of quantized energy levels indicate that increased Coulomb repulsion from the surface states deforms a quantum confinement potential with decreasing thickness. The potential deformation strongly modulates spatial distributions of quantized wave functions, which leads to acceleration of the transition beyond the original QSE picture. This discovery establishes a complete picture of the long-discussed transition and highlights a new class of size effects dominating nanoscale transport in systems with metallic surface states.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Ito
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M. Arita
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center (HSRC), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - J. Haruyama
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - B. Feng
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - W.-C. Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - H. Namatame
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center (HSRC), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - M. Taniguchi
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center (HSRC), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - C.-M. Cheng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - G. Bian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - S.-J. Tang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - T.-C. Chiang
- Department of Physics and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - O. Sugino
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - F. Komori
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - I. Matsuda
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
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Ito S, Feng B, Arita M, Takayama A, Liu RY, Someya T, Chen WC, Iimori T, Namatame H, Taniguchi M, Cheng CM, Tang SJ, Komori F, Kobayashi K, Chiang TC, Matsuda I. Proving Nontrivial Topology of Pure Bismuth by Quantum Confinement. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:236402. [PMID: 27982650 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.236402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The topology of pure Bi is controversial because of its very small (∼10 meV) band gap. Here we perform high-resolution angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy measurements systematically on 14-202 bilayer Bi films. Using high-quality films, we succeed in observing quantized bulk bands with energy separations down to ∼10 meV. Detailed analyses on the phase shift of the confined wave functions precisely determine the surface and bulk electronic structures, which unambiguously show nontrivial topology. The present results not only prove the fundamental property of Bi but also introduce a capability of the quantum-confinement approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ito
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - B Feng
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - M Arita
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center (HSRC), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - A Takayama
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - R-Y Liu
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - T Someya
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - W-C Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu, Taiwan 30076, Republic of China
| | - T Iimori
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - H Namatame
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center (HSRC), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - M Taniguchi
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center (HSRC), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - C-M Cheng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu, Taiwan 30076, Republic of China
| | - S-J Tang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu, Taiwan 30076, Republic of China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
| | - F Komori
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - K Kobayashi
- Department of Physics, Ochanomizu University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - T-C Chiang
- Department of Physics and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - I Matsuda
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
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Takahashi Y, Miyamachi T, Ienaga K, Kawamura N, Ernst A, Komori F. Orbital Selectivity in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Distance-Dependent Tunneling Process Observed in Iron Nitride. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:056802. [PMID: 26894727 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.056802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In scanning tunneling microscopy, orbital selectivity of the tunneling process can make the topographic image dependent on a tip-surface distance. We have found reproducible dependence of the images on the distance for a monatomic layer of iron nitride formed on a Cu(001) surface. Observed atomic images systematically change between a regular dot array and a dimerized structure depending on the tip-surface distance, which turns out to be the only relevant parameter in the image variation. An accompanied change in the weight of Fe-3d local density of states to a tunneling background was detected in dI/dV spectra. These have been attributed to a shift in surface orbitals detected by the tip from the d states to the s/p states with increasing the tip-surface distance, consistent with an orbital assignment from first-principles calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Takahashi
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - T Miyamachi
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - K Ienaga
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - N Kawamura
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
- Science & Technology Research Laboratories, NHK, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8510, Japan
| | - A Ernst
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - F Komori
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
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Komagata S, Hirota K, Arii S, Kanazawa I, Fukutani K, Nozawa K, Komori F. Disordered state of adsorbed hydrogens on Ni(111) surface studied by slow-positron beam. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.2898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Liu XD, Iimori T, Nakatsuji K, Komori F. Comment on "surfactant-mediated growth revisited". Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:089601-089602. [PMID: 18352675 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.089601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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Hirota K, Osawa M, Suzuki H, Oishi Y, Kanazawa I, Fukutani K, Nozawa K, Komori F. Adsorbed hydrogen on Ni(111) surface studied by slow positron beam. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pssc.200675862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tomatsu K, Nakatsuji K, Iimori T, Takagi Y, Kusuhara H, Ishii A, Komori F. An atomic seesaw switch formed by tilted asymmetric Sn-Ge dimers on a Ge (001) surface. Science 2007; 315:1696-8. [PMID: 17379803 DOI: 10.1126/science.1137848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
When tin (Sn) atoms are deposited on a clean germanium (Ge) (001) surface at room temperature, buckled dimers originating from the Sn atoms are formed at the Ge-dimer position. We identified the dimer as a heterogeneous Sn-Ge dimer by reversing its buckling orientation with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) at 80 kelvin. An atomic seesaw switch was formed for one-dimensional electronic conduction in the Ge dimer-row direction by using the STM to reversibly flip the buckling orientation of the Sn-Ge dimer and to set up standing-wave states.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tomatsu
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
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Kanazawa I, Oishi Y, Hirota K, Fukutani K, Nozawa K, Komori F. Adsorbed hydrogens and their behavior on Ni(111) surface studied by slow-positron beam. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.2438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Maeno M, Taguchi M, Suzuki N, Ogoshi T, Naganuma K, Tamura Y, Nakano K, Komori F, Otsuka K, Suzuki K. Characterization of mineral-binding 40-kDa glycoprotein extracted from young adult rabbit alveolar bone. J Nihon Univ Sch Dent 1992; 34:77-88. [PMID: 1323644 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd1959.34.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A forty-kilodalton (40-kDa) protein was extracted from alveolar bone of young adult rabbit with 0.5 M EDTA after extraction with 4 M GuHCl, and purified by gel-filtration, anion-exchange and hydroxyapatite columns using a high-pressure liquid chromatography system under denaturing conditions. The purified 40-kDa protein was not susceptible to bacterial collagenase and thrombin, but was cleaved by cyanogen bromide. The protein was stained blue with Stains-all. Among various lectins, concanavalin A and lentil lectin agglutinin bound to this protein, but peanut agglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin, phytohemagglutinin-E and wheatgerm lectin agglutinin did not. Lectin binding assays showed that the protein is a glycoprotein containing large amounts of mannose and/or glucose residues, but is not a fragment of proteoglycan. The amino acid composition of the protein shows a characteristically high content of acidic amino acids. Therefore, the mineral-binding 40-kDa glycoprotein is considered to be osteonectin/secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), in terms of similarities to bovine and porcine osteonectins with regard to molecular weight and contents of glycoses and amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maeno
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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