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Seck A, Hichami A, Doucouré S, Diallo Agne F, Bassène H, Ba A, Sokhna C, Khan NA, Samb A. Th1/Th2 Dichotomy in Obese Women with Gestational Diabetes and Their Macrosomic Babies. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:8474617. [PMID: 30539027 PMCID: PMC6261071 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8474617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess T cell differentiation and the modulation of inflammatory cytokines in obese and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) women and their macrosomic newborns. Hence, immediately after delivery, blood samples were collected through the mother's arm vein and the umbilical cordon vein. Biochemical parameters measured were HbA1C, glucose, insulin, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (Tchol), HDL cholesterol (HDLchol), and LDL cholesterol (LDLchol). T lymphocytes were purified from the total blood with Ficoll-Paque. The mRNA expression of inflammatory markers in T cells was determined by RT-qPCR. We observed that diabetic mothers exhibited higher HbA1C, glycemia, insulinemia, TG, Tchol, HDLchol, and LDLchol levels than control mothers. Glycemia was not significantly different between macrosomic and control newborns. However, insulinemia was high in macrosomic babies. TG, Tchol, HDLchol, and LDLchol were not significantly different between macrosomic and control babies. In diabetic mothers, mRNA expression of the Th1 cell subtype was significantly increased. Th1 markers were upregulated in babies born to diabetic women than in control newborns. However, expression of two Th2 markers (GATA3 and IL-4) was not significantly different between control and GDM women and between their respective newborns. Interestingly, IL-10 mRNA expression was decreased in diabetic mothers and their offsprings. The Th1/Th2 cytokine ratio was increased in GDM obese mothers and their macrosomic newborns, suggesting a proinflammatory status in these subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Seck
- Laboratory of Physiology and Functional Explorations, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontology, Cheikh Anta Diop University, 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal
| | - A. Hichami
- U1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté (UBFC)/Agro-Sup, Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, Dijon 21000, France
| | - S. Doucouré
- Institute of Research for Development, VITROME Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, IHU-Mediterranean Infection, CP18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - F. Diallo Agne
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontology, Cheikh Anta Diop University, 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal
| | - H. Bassène
- Institute of Research for Development, VITROME Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, IHU-Mediterranean Infection, CP18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - A. Ba
- Laboratory of Physiology and Functional Explorations, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontology, Cheikh Anta Diop University, 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal
- UMI 3189, “Environnement, Santé, Sociétés”, CNRS, CNRST, Université Bamako-UCAD, Dakar, Senegal
| | - C. Sokhna
- Institute of Research for Development, VITROME Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, IHU-Mediterranean Infection, CP18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - N. A. Khan
- U1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté (UBFC)/Agro-Sup, Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, Dijon 21000, France
| | - A. Samb
- Laboratory of Physiology and Functional Explorations, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontology, Cheikh Anta Diop University, 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal
- UMI 3189, “Environnement, Santé, Sociétés”, CNRS, CNRST, Université Bamako-UCAD, Dakar, Senegal
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