1
|
Kiener S, Apostolopoulos N, Schissler J, Hass PK, Leuthard F, Jagannathan V, Schuppisser C, Soto S, Welle M, Mayer U, Leeb T, Fischer NM, Kaessmeyer S. Independent COL5A1 Variants in Cats with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050797. [PMID: 35627182 PMCID: PMC9140822 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated four cats with similar clinical skin-related signs strongly suggestive of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS). Cases no. 1 and 4 were unrelated and the remaining two cases, no. 2 and 3, were reportedly siblings. Histopathological changes were characterized by severely altered dermal collagen fibers. Transmission electron microscopy in one case demonstrated abnormalities in the collagen fibril organization and structure. The genomes of the two unrelated affected cats and one of the affected siblings were sequenced and individually compared to 54 feline control genomes. We searched for private protein changing variants in known human EDS candidate genes and identified three independent heterozygous COL5A1 variants. COL5A1 is a well-characterized candidate gene for classical EDS. It encodes the proα1 chain of type V collagen, which is needed for correct collagen fibril formation and the integrity of the skin. The identified variants in COL5A1 are c.112_118+15del or r.spl?, c.3514A>T or p.(Lys1172*), and c.3066del or p.(Gly1023Valfs*50) for cases no. 1, 2&3, and 4, respectively. They presumably all lead to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, which results in haploinsufficiency of COL5A1 and causes the alterations of the connective tissue. The whole genome sequencing approach used in this study enables a refinement of the diagnosis for the affected cats as classical EDS. It further illustrates the potential of such experiments as a precision medicine approach in animals with inherited diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kiener
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (F.L.); (V.J.)
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.S.); (M.W.); (S.K.)
| | - Neoklis Apostolopoulos
- Anicura Kleintierspezialisten Augsburg, 86157 Augsburg, Germany; (N.A.); (U.M.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jennifer Schissler
- Department of Clinical Sciences, James L. Voss Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA;
| | - Pascal-Kolja Hass
- Division of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Fabienne Leuthard
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (F.L.); (V.J.)
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.S.); (M.W.); (S.K.)
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (F.L.); (V.J.)
| | | | - Sara Soto
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.S.); (M.W.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Monika Welle
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.S.); (M.W.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Mayer
- Anicura Kleintierspezialisten Augsburg, 86157 Augsburg, Germany; (N.A.); (U.M.)
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (F.L.); (V.J.)
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.S.); (M.W.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-31-684-2326
| | - Nina M. Fischer
- Dermatology Unit, Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Sabine Kaessmeyer
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.S.); (M.W.); (S.K.)
- Division of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dettwiler M, Leuthard F, Bauer A, Jagannathan V, Lourenço AM, Pereira H, Leeb T, Welle MM. A nonsense variant in the KRT14 gene in a domestic shorthair cat with epidermolysis bullosa simplex. Anim Genet 2020; 51:829-832. [PMID: 32657488 DOI: 10.1111/age.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) is a hereditary blistering disease affecting the skin and mucous membranes. It has been reported in humans, cattle, buffaloes and dogs, but so far not in cats. In humans, EBS is most frequently caused by variants in the KRT5 or KRT14 genes. Here, we report a case of feline epidermolysis bullosa simplex and describe the causative genetic variant. An 11-month-old male domestic shorthair cat presented with a history of sloughed paw pads and ulcerations in the oral cavity and inner aspect of the pinnae, starting a few weeks after birth. Clinical and histopathological findings suggested a congenital blistering disease with a split formation within the basal cell layer of the epidermis and oral mucous epithelium. The genetic investigation revealed a homozygous nonsense variant in the KRT14 gene (c.979C>T, p.Gln327*). Immunohistochemistry showed a complete absence of keratin 14 staining in all epithelia present in the biopsy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of feline EBS, and the first report of a spontaneous pathogenic KRT14 variant in a non-human species. The homozygous genotype in the affected cat suggests an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Dettwiler
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, Bern, 3001, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - F Leuthard
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - A Bauer
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - V Jagannathan
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - A M Lourenço
- Dermatology Service, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, University of Lisbon, Av. Universidade Técnica, Lisboa, 1300-477, Portugal
| | - H Pereira
- Dermatology Service, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, University of Lisbon, Av. Universidade Técnica, Lisboa, 1300-477, Portugal
| | - T Leeb
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - M M Welle
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, Bern, 3001, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Linek M, Doelle M, Leeb T, Bauer A, Leuthard F, Henkel J, Bannasch D, Jagannathan V, Welle MM. ATP2A2 SINE Insertion in an Irish Terrier with Darier Disease and Associated Infundibular Cyst Formation. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11050481. [PMID: 32354065 PMCID: PMC7291265 DOI: 10.3390/genes11050481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A 4-month-old female Irish Terrier presented with a well demarcated ulcerative and crusting lesion in the right ear canal. Histological analysis revealed epidermal hyperplasia with severe acantholysis affecting all suprabasal layers of the epidermis, which prompted a presumptive diagnosis of canine Darier disease. The lesion was successfully treated by repeated laser ablation of the affected epidermis. Over the course of three years, the dog additionally developed three dermal nodules of up to 4 cm in diameter that were excised and healed without complications. Histology of the excised tissue revealed multiple infundibular cysts extending from the upper dermis to the subcutis. The cysts were lined by squamous epithelium, which presented with abundant acantholysis of suprabasal keratinocytes. Infundibular cysts represent a novel finding not previously reported in Darier patients. Whole genome sequencing of the affected dog was performed, and the functional candidate genes for Darier disease (ATP2A2) and Hailey-Hailey disease (ATP2C1) were investigated. The analysis revealed a heterozygous SINE insertion into the ATP2A2 gene, at the end of intron 14, close to the boundary of exon 15. Analysis of the ATP2A2 mRNA from skin of the affected dog demonstrated a splicing defect and marked allelic imbalance, suggesting nonsense-mediated decay of the resulting aberrant transcripts. As Darier disease in humans is caused by haploinsufficiency of ATP2A2, our genetic findings are in agreement with the clinical and histopathological data and support the diagnosis of canine Darier disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Linek
- AniCura Tierärztliche Spezialisten, 22043 Hamburg, Germany; (M.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Maren Doelle
- AniCura Tierärztliche Spezialisten, 22043 Hamburg, Germany; (M.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (A.B.); (F.L.); (J.H.); (D.B.); (V.J.)
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-31-631-23-26
| | - Anina Bauer
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (A.B.); (F.L.); (J.H.); (D.B.); (V.J.)
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Fabienne Leuthard
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (A.B.); (F.L.); (J.H.); (D.B.); (V.J.)
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Jan Henkel
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (A.B.); (F.L.); (J.H.); (D.B.); (V.J.)
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Danika Bannasch
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (A.B.); (F.L.); (J.H.); (D.B.); (V.J.)
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (A.B.); (F.L.); (J.H.); (D.B.); (V.J.)
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Monika M. Welle
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland;
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Letko A, Leuthard F, Jagannathan V, Corlazzoli D, Matiasek K, Schweizer D, Hytönen MK, Lohi H, Leeb T, Drögemüller C. Whole Genome Sequencing Indicates Heterogeneity of Hyperostotic Disorders in Dogs. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11020163. [PMID: 32033218 PMCID: PMC7074049 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Craniomandibular osteopathy (CMO) and calvarial hyperostotic syndrome (CHS) are proliferative, non-neoplastic disorders affecting the skull bones in young dogs. Different forms of these hyperostotic disorders have been described in many dog breeds. However, an incompletely dominant causative variant for CMO affecting splicing of SLC37A2 has been reported so far only in three Terrier breeds. The purpose of this study was to identify further possible causative genetic variants associated with CHS in an American Staffordshire Terrier, as well as CMO in seven affected dogs of different breeds. We investigated their whole-genome sequences (WGS) and filtered variants using 584 unrelated genomes, which revealed no variants shared across all affected dogs. However, filtering for private variants of each case separately yielded plausible dominantly inherited candidate variants in three of the eight cases. In an Australian Terrier, a heterozygous missense variant in the COL1A1 gene (c.1786G>A; p.(Val596Ile)) was discovered. A pathogenic missense variant in COL1A1 was previously reported in humans with infantile cortical hyperostosis, or Caffey disease, resembling canine CMO. Furthermore, in a Basset Hound, a heterozygous most likely pathogenic splice site variant was found in SLC37A2 (c.1446+1G>A), predicted to lead to exon skipping as shown before in SLC37A2-associated canine CMO of Terriers. Lastly, in a Weimaraner, a heterozygous frameshift variant in SLC35D1 (c.1021_1024delTCAG; p.(Ser341ArgfsTer22)) might cause CMO due to the critical role of SLC35D1 in chondrogenesis and skeletal development. Our study indicates allelic and locus heterogeneity for canine CMO and illustrates the current possibilities and limitations of WGS-based precision medicine in dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Letko
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (A.L.); (F.L.); (V.J.); (T.L.)
| | - Fabienne Leuthard
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (A.L.); (F.L.); (V.J.); (T.L.)
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (A.L.); (F.L.); (V.J.); (T.L.)
| | | | - Kaspar Matiasek
- Section of Clinical & Comparative Neuropathology, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians Universität Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany;
| | - Daniela Schweizer
- Division of Clinical Radiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Marjo K. Hytönen
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, and Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (M.K.H.); (H.L.)
- Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannes Lohi
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, and Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (M.K.H.); (H.L.)
- Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (A.L.); (F.L.); (V.J.); (T.L.)
| | - Cord Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (A.L.); (F.L.); (V.J.); (T.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-31-631-25-29
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Leeb T, Leuthard F, Jagannathan V, Kiener S, Letko A, Roosje P, Welle MM, Gailbreath KL, Cannon A, Linek M, Banovic F, Olivry T, White SD, Batcher K, Bannasch D, Minor KM, Mickelson JR, Hytönen MK, Lohi H, Mauldin EA, Casal ML. A Missense Variant Affecting the C-Terminal Tail of UNC93B1 in Dogs with Exfoliative Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (ECLE). Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E159. [PMID: 32028618 PMCID: PMC7074252 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) in humans encompasses multiple subtypes that exhibit a wide array of skin lesions and, in some cases, are associated with the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We investigated dogs with exfoliative cutaneous lupus erythematosus (ECLE), a dog-specific form of chronic CLE that is inherited as a monogenic autosomal recessive trait. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) with 14 cases and 29 controls confirmed a previously published result that the causative variant maps to chromosome 18. Autozygosity mapping refined the ECLE locus to a 493 kb critical interval. Filtering of whole genome sequence data from two cases against 654 controls revealed a single private protein-changing variant in this critical interval, UNC93B1:c.1438C>A or p.Pro480Thr. The homozygous mutant genotype was exclusively observed in 23 ECLE affected German Shorthaired Pointers and an ECLE affected Vizsla, but absent from 845 controls. UNC93B1 is a transmembrane protein located in the endoplasmic reticulum and endolysosomes, which is required for correct trafficking of several Toll-like receptors (TLRs). The p.Pro480Thr variant is predicted to affect the C-terminal tail of the UNC93B1 that has recently been shown to restrict TLR7 mediated autoimmunity via an interaction with syndecan binding protein (SDCBP). The functional knowledge on UNC93B1 strongly suggests that p.Pro480Thr is causing ECLE in dogs. These dogs therefore represent an interesting spontaneous model for human lupus erythematosus. Our results warrant further investigations of whether genetic variants affecting the C-terminus of UNC93B1 might be involved in specific subsets of CLE or SLE cases in humans and other species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (F.L.); (V.J.); (S.K.); (A.L.)
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (P.R.); (M.M.W.)
| | - Fabienne Leuthard
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (F.L.); (V.J.); (S.K.); (A.L.)
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (P.R.); (M.M.W.)
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (F.L.); (V.J.); (S.K.); (A.L.)
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (P.R.); (M.M.W.)
| | - Sarah Kiener
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (F.L.); (V.J.); (S.K.); (A.L.)
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (P.R.); (M.M.W.)
| | - Anna Letko
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (F.L.); (V.J.); (S.K.); (A.L.)
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (P.R.); (M.M.W.)
| | - Petra Roosje
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (P.R.); (M.M.W.)
- Division of Clinical Dermatology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Monika M. Welle
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (P.R.); (M.M.W.)
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Monika Linek
- AniCura Tierärztliche Spezialisten, 22043 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Frane Banovic
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Thierry Olivry
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA;
| | - Stephen D. White
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Kevin Batcher
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (K.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Danika Bannasch
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (K.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Katie M. Minor
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (K.M.M.); (J.R.M.)
| | - James R. Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (K.M.M.); (J.R.M.)
| | - Marjo K. Hytönen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (M.K.H.); (H.L.)
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannes Lohi
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (M.K.H.); (H.L.)
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elizabeth A. Mauldin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (E.A.M.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Margret L. Casal
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (E.A.M.); (M.L.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Letko A, Ammann B, Jagannathan V, Henkel J, Leuthard F, Schelling C, Carneiro M, Drögemüller C, Leeb T. A deletion spanning the promoter and first exon of the hair cycle-specific ASIP transcript isoform in black and tan rabbits. Anim Genet 2019; 51:137-140. [PMID: 31729778 DOI: 10.1111/age.12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Black and tan animals have tan-coloured ventral body surfaces separated by sharp boundaries from black-coloured dorsal body surfaces. In the at mouse mutant, a retroviral 6 kb insertion located in the hair cycle-specific promoter of the murine Asip gene encoding agouti signalling protein causes the black and tan phenotype. In rabbits, three ASIP alleles are thought to exist, including an at allele causing a black and tan coat colour that closely resembles the mouse black and tan phenotype. The goal of our study was to identify the functional genetic variant causing the rabbit at allele. We performed a WGS-based comparative analysis of the ASIP gene in one black and tan and three wt agouti-coloured rabbits. The analysis identified 75 at -associated variants including an 11 kb deletion. The deletion is located in the region of the hair cycle-specific ASIP promoter and thus in a region homologous to the site of the retroviral insertion causing the at allele in mice. We observed perfect association of the genotypes at this deletion with the coat colour phenotype in 49 rabbits. The comparative analysis and the previous knowledge about the regulation of ASIP expression suggest that the 11 kb deletion is the most likely causative variant for the black and tan phenotype in rabbits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Letko
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Ammann
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - V Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - J Henkel
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - F Leuthard
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - C Schelling
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Center of Clinical Studies, University of Zurich, 8315, Lindau, Switzerland
| | - M Carneiro
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, 4485-661, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal
| | - C Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Leuthard F, Lehner G, Jagannathan V, Leeb T, Welle M. A missense variant in the NSDHL gene in a Chihuahua with a congenital cornification disorder resembling inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevi. Anim Genet 2019; 50:768-771. [PMID: 31571289 DOI: 10.1111/age.12862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform nevus and limb defects syndrome in humans is a genodermatosis characterized by inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevi (ILVEN), often showing a striking lateralization pattern. It is caused by variants in the NSDHL gene encoding a 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase involved in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. In the present study, we investigated a female Chihuahua, which showed clinical and histological signs of ILVEN. We performed a candidate gene analysis in the affected animal. This analysis revealed a single missense variant in the NSDHL gene in the affected dog (XM_014111859.2:c.700G>A). The variant is predicted to cause a non-conservative amino acid change from glycine to arginine, XP_013967334.1:p.(Gly234Arg). The mutant allele was absent from WGS data of 594 genetically diverse dogs and eight wolves. Sanger sequencing confirmed that the variant was heterozygous in the affected dog and absent from 22 control Chihuahuas. Based on the knowledge about the functional impact of NSDHL variants in dogs and other species, c.700G>A is probably pathogenic and a convincing candidate causative variant for the observed skin lesions in the affected Chihuahua.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Leuthard
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,DermFocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - G Lehner
- Kleintierpraxis Lehner Dermatologie, 89290, Buch, Germany
| | - V Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,DermFocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,DermFocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Welle
- DermFocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bauer A, de Lucia M, Leuthard F, Jagannathan V, Leeb T. Compound heterozygosity for TNXB genetic variants in a mixed-breed dog with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Anim Genet 2019; 50:546-549. [PMID: 31365140 DOI: 10.1111/age.12830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDSs) are a heterogeneous group of inherited connective tissue disorders characterized by skin hyperextensibility, joint hypermobility and tissue fragility. Inherited disorders similar to human EDS have been reported in different mammalian species. In the present study, we investigated a female mixed-breed dog with clinical signs of EDS. Whole-genome sequencing of the affected dog revealed two missense variants in the TNXB gene, encoding the extracellular matrix protein tenascin XB. In humans, TNXB genetic variants cause classical-like EDS or the milder hypermobile EDS. The affected dog was heterozygous at both identified variants. Each variant allele was transmitted from one of the case's parents, consistent with compound heterozygosity. Although one of the variant alleles, XM_003431680.3:c.2012G>A, p.(Ser671Asn), was private to the family of the affected dog and absent from whole-genome sequencing data of 599 control dogs, the second variant allele, XM_003431680.3:c.2900G>A, p.(Gly967Asp), is present at a low frequency in the Chihuahua and Poodle population. Given that TNXB is a functional candidate gene for EDS, we suggest that compound heterozygosity for the identified TNXB variants may have caused the EDS-like phenotype in the affected dog. Chihuahuas and Poodles should be monitored for EDS cases, which might confirm the hypothesized pathogenic effect of the segregating TNXB variant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Bauer
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,DermFocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M de Lucia
- San Marco Veterinary Clinic and Laboratory, Via Dell'Industria 3, 35030, Veggiano, Italy
| | - F Leuthard
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,DermFocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - V Jagannathan
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,DermFocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Leeb
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,DermFocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|