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Tincati C, Bono V, Cannizzo ES, Tosi D, Savi F, Falcinella C, Casabianca A, Orlandi C, Luigiano C, Augello M, Rusconi S, Muscatello A, Bandera A, Calcagno A, Gori A, Nozza S, Marchetti G. Primary HIV infection features colonic damage and neutrophil inflammation yet containment of microbial translocation. AIDS 2024; 38:623-632. [PMID: 38016163 PMCID: PMC10942218 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Impairment of the gastrointestinal barrier leads to microbial translocation and peripheral immune activation, which are linked to disease progression. Data in the setting of primary HIV/SIV infection suggest that gut barrier damage is one of the first events of the pathogenic cascade, preceding mucosal immune dysfunction and microbial translocation. We assessed gut structure and immunity as well as microbial translocation in acutely and chronically-infected, combination antiretroviral therapy (cART)-naive individuals. METHODS Fifteen people with primary HIV infection (P-HIV) and 13 with chronic HIV infection (C-HIV) c-ART-naive participants were cross-sectionally studied. Gut biopsies were analysed in terms of gut reservoirs (total, integrated and unintegrated HIV DNA); tight junction proteins (E-cadherin, Zonula Occludens-1), CD4 + expression, neutrophil myeloperoxidase (histochemical staining); collagen deposition (Masson staining). Flow cytometry was used to assess γδ T-cell frequency (CD3 + panγδ+Vδ1+/Vδ2+). In plasma, we measured microbial translocation (LPS, sCD14, EndoCAb) and gut barrier function (I-FABP) markers (ELISA). RESULTS P-HIV displayed significantly higher tissue HIV DNA, yet neutrophil infiltration and collagen deposition in the gut were similar in the two groups. In contrast, microbial translocation markers were significantly lower in P-HIV compared with C-HIV. A trend to higher mucosal E-cadherin, and gut γδ T-cells was also observed in P-HIV. CONCLUSION Early HIV infection features higher HIV DNA in the gut, yet comparable mucosal alterations to those observed in chronic infection. In contrast, microbial translocation is contained in primary HIV infection, likely because of a partial preservation of E-cadherin and mucosal immune subsets, namely γδ T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Tincati
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan
| | - Valeria Bono
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan
| | | | - Delfina Tosi
- Pathology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan
| | - Federica Savi
- Pathology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan
| | - Camilla Falcinella
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan
| | - Anna Casabianca
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Fano
| | - Chiara Orlandi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Fano
| | | | - Matteo Augello
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan
| | - Stefano Rusconi
- UOC Malattie Infettive, Ospedale Civile di Legnano, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Biosciences, University of Milan
| | - Antonio Muscatello
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
| | - Alessandra Bandera
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
| | - Andrea Calcagno
- Unit of Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin
| | - Andrea Gori
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University of Milan
| | - Silvia Nozza
- Infectious Diseases Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Marchetti
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan
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Rabaiotti P, Ciracì C, Donelli D, Oggioni C, Rizzi B, Savi F, Antonelli M, Rizzato M, Moderato L, Brambilla V, Ziveri V, Brambilla L, Bini M, Nouvenne A, Lazzeroni D. Effects of Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation Enhanced with Neuropsychological Treatment on Post-Acute SARS-CoV-2 Cognitive Impairment (Brain Fog): An Observational Study. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13050791. [PMID: 37239263 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13050791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Concentration and memory impairment (named "brain fog") represents a frequent and disabling neuropsychological sequela in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS) patients. The aim of this study was to assess whether neurocognitive function could improve after a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program enhanced with individualized neuropsychological treatment. A prospective monocentric registry of PACS patients consecutively admitted to our Rehabilitation Unit was created. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to assess cognitive impairment at admission and discharge. A total of sixty-four (64) PACS patients, fifty-six (56) of them with brain fog, were treated with a day-by-day individualized psychological intervention of cognitive stimulation (45 min) on top of a standard in-hospital rehabilitation program. The mean duration of the acute-phase hospitalization was 55.8 ± 25.8 days and the mean in-hospital rehabilitation duration was 30 ± 10 days. The mean age of the patients was 67.3 ± 10.4 years, 66% of them were male, none had a previous diagnosis of dementia, and 66% of the entire sample had experienced severe COVID-19. At admission, only 12% of the patients had normal cognitive function, while 57% showed mild, 28% moderate, and 3% severe cognitive impairment. After psychological treatment, a significant improvement in the MoCA score was found (20.4 ± 5 vs. 24.7 ± 3.7; p < 0.0001) as a result of significant amelioration in the following domains: attention task (p = 0.014), abstract reasoning (p = 0.003), language repetition (p = 0.002), memory recall (p < 0.0001), orientation (p < 0.0001), and visuospatial abilities (p < 0.0001). Moreover, the improvement remained significant after multivariate analysis adjusted for several confounding factors. Finally, at discharge, 43% of the patients with cognitive impairment normalized their cognitive function, while 4.7% were discharged with residual moderate cognitive impairment. In conclusion, our study provides evidence of the effects of multidisciplinary rehabilitation enhanced with neuropsychological treatment on improvement in the cognitive function of post-acute COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Rabaiotti
- Prevention and Rehabilitation Unit, Parma, IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi, Piazzale Servi, 3, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Ciracì
- Prevention and Rehabilitation Unit, Parma, IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi, Piazzale Servi, 3, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Davide Donelli
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital of Parma, University of Parma, Viale Antonio Gramsci, 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Carlotta Oggioni
- Prevention and Rehabilitation Unit, Parma, IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi, Piazzale Servi, 3, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Beatrice Rizzi
- Prevention and Rehabilitation Unit, Parma, IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi, Piazzale Servi, 3, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Federica Savi
- Prevention and Rehabilitation Unit, Parma, IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi, Piazzale Servi, 3, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Michele Antonelli
- Department of Public Health, AUSL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Matteo Rizzato
- "Humandive", Piazzale XX Settembre, 1/B, 33170 Pordenone, Italy
| | - Luca Moderato
- Cardiology Department, "Guglielmo da Saliceto" Hospital, Via Taverna Giuseppe, 49, 29121 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Valerio Brambilla
- Prevention and Rehabilitation Unit, Parma, IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi, Piazzale Servi, 3, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Valentina Ziveri
- Prevention and Rehabilitation Unit, Parma, IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi, Piazzale Servi, 3, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Brambilla
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Via Carlo Girola, 30, 20162 Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Bini
- Prevention and Rehabilitation Unit, Parma, IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi, Piazzale Servi, 3, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Antonio Nouvenne
- U.O. Medicina Interna di Continuità, Azienda Ospedaliero-Università di Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Davide Lazzeroni
- Prevention and Rehabilitation Unit, Parma, IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi, Piazzale Servi, 3, 43100 Parma, Italy
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Rizzi B, Nuresi C, Rovacchi C, Bacchini M, Savi F, Falco L, Schianchi L, Scaglioni A, Ciracì C, Costantino C, Buccino G. Motor imagery and action-observation in neurorehabilitation: A study protocol in Parkinson's disease patients. Front Neurol 2022; 13:990618. [PMID: 36267882 PMCID: PMC9577192 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.990618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionAction Observation Treatment (AOT) and Motor Imagery (MI) represent very promising cognitive strategies in neuro-rehabilitation. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the two cognitive strategies, taken alone or combined, in Parkinson's disease patients.Material and methodsThis study is designed as a prospective randomized controlled trial, with four arms. We estimated a sample size of 64 patients (16 in each treatment group) to be able to detect an effect size of F = 0.4 with a statistical significance of 0.05. Primary outcomes will be functional gains in the FIM and UPDRS scales. Secondary outcome measure will be functional gain as revealed by kinematic parameters measured at Gait Analysis.DiscussionThe results of this trial will provide insights into the use of AOT and MI, taken alone or combined, in the rehabilitation of Parkinson's disease patients.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Don Gnocchi Foundation. The study will be conducted in accordance with the 1996 World Medical Association guidelines and according to good clinical practice. The study has been registered on clinicaltrial.gov under the following code: AOTPRFDG. Dissemination will include both submission of the study to peer-reviewed journals and discussion of the study protocol at conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Rizzi
- Department of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Santa Maria ai Servi Center, Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, Parma, Italy
| | - Christian Nuresi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Claudio Rovacchi
- Department of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Santa Maria ai Servi Center, Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, Parma, Italy
| | - Massimo Bacchini
- Department of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Santa Maria ai Servi Center, Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, Parma, Italy
| | - Federica Savi
- Department of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Santa Maria ai Servi Center, Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, Parma, Italy
| | - Lucia Falco
- Department of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Santa Maria ai Servi Center, Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, Parma, Italy
| | - Luca Schianchi
- Department of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Santa Maria ai Servi Center, Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, Parma, Italy
| | - Augusto Scaglioni
- Department of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Santa Maria ai Servi Center, Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Ciracì
- Department of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Santa Maria ai Servi Center, Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, Parma, Italy
| | - Cosimo Costantino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Buccino
- Division of Neuroscience, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giovanni Buccino
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Rossi F, Savi F, Prestia A, Mongardi A, Demarchi D, Buccino G. Combining Action Observation Treatment with a Brain-Computer Interface System: Perspectives on Neurorehabilitation. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21248504. [PMID: 34960597 PMCID: PMC8707407 DOI: 10.3390/s21248504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Action observation treatment (AOT) exploits a neurophysiological mechanism, matching an observed action on the neural substrates where that action is motorically represented. This mechanism is also known as mirror mechanism. In a typical AOT session, one can distinguish an observation phase and an execution phase. During the observation phase, the patient observes a daily action and soon after, during the execution phase, he/she is asked to perform the observed action at the best of his/her ability. Indeed, the execution phase may sometimes be difficult for those patients where motor impairment is severe. Although, in the current practice, the physiotherapist does not intervene on the quality of the execution phase, here, we propose a stimulation system based on neurophysiological parameters. This perspective article focuses on the possibility to combine AOT with a brain–computer interface system (BCI) that stimulates upper limb muscles, thus facilitating the execution of actions during a rehabilitation session. Combining a rehabilitation tool that is well-grounded in neurophysiology with a stimulation system, such as the one proposed, may improve the efficacy of AOT in the treatment of severe neurological patients, including stroke patients, Parkinson’s disease patients, and children with cerebral palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Rossi
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (F.R.); (A.P.); (A.M.); (D.D.)
| | - Federica Savi
- Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Piazzale dei Servi 3, 43100 Parma, Italy;
| | - Andrea Prestia
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (F.R.); (A.P.); (A.M.); (D.D.)
| | - Andrea Mongardi
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (F.R.); (A.P.); (A.M.); (D.D.)
| | - Danilo Demarchi
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (F.R.); (A.P.); (A.M.); (D.D.)
| | - Giovanni Buccino
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, University San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-91751596
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Falleni M, Tosi D, Savi F, Chiumello D, Bulfamante G. Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition in COVID-19 lung lesions. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 221:153419. [PMID: 33857718 PMCID: PMC7997691 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Sars-Cov-2 infection is still a healthcare emergency and acute respiratory distress failure with Diffuse Alveolar Damage (DAD) features is the main causes of patients’ death. Pathogenic mechanisms of the disease are not clear yet, but new insights are necessary to improve therapeutic management, to prevent fatal irreversible multi-organ damage and to adequately follow up those patients who survive. Here we investigated, by histochemistry and immunohistochemistry, a wide number of mapped lung specimens taken from whole body autopsies of 7 patients dead of COVID-19 disease. Our data confirm morphological data of other authors, and enlarge recent reports of the literature suggesting that Endothelial–Mesenchymal Transition might be central to COVID-19 lung fibrosing lesions. Furthermore, based upon recent acquisition of new roles in immunity and vascular pathology of the CD31 molecule, we hypothesize that this molecule might be important in the development and treatment of COVID-19 pulmonary lesions. These preliminary findings need further investigations to shed light on the complexity of Sars-Cov-2 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Falleni
- Unità di Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142, Milan, Italy; Struttura Complessa Dipartimentale di Anatomia Patologica e Genetica Medica, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142, Milan, Italy.
| | - Delfina Tosi
- Unità di Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Savi
- Struttura Complessa Dipartimentale di Anatomia Patologica e Genetica Medica, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Chiumello
- Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale, Centro ricerca coordinata di insufficienza respiratoria, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaetano Bulfamante
- Unità di Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142, Milan, Italy; Struttura Complessa Dipartimentale di Anatomia Patologica e Genetica Medica, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142, Milan, Italy
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Abstract
Skin malignant melanoma (MM) is an aggressive cancer with an increasing incidence with limited therapies in advanced stages. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the major immune constituent of the MM microenvironment and contribute toward its prognosis. TAMs' characterization and localization in human cancer is important to understand cancer progression and to identify molecular personalized therapies. M2 TAMs in stage I-II MMs are associated with worse prognostic parameters. A comprehensive M1-macrophage and M2-macrophage intratumoral localization and quantification in all stages of skin MMs is documented here with its clinical significance. To highlight immune pathways and possible early indicators of MM progression, we evaluated the number of M1 and M2 TAMs and intratumoral distribution in a large series of skin MMs. CD68 double immunostaining with MRP8-14 or inducible nitric oxide synthase (M1 macrophages) and with CD163 or CD204 (M2 macrophages) was performed in 94 stage I-IV skin MMs with a long duration of follow-up. The accumulation and distribution of M1 and M2 TAMs in intratumoral nests, stroma, and at the invasive front was correlated with clinicopathological variables. Since the early stage of MMs, M1 intratumoral macrophages were fewer than the M2 population; their recruitment was rapidly and progressively overwhelmed by an increase in M2 TAMs during MM progression. Independent of their intratumoral distribution, the accumulation of both M1 and M2 TAMs is associated with poor prognostic indicators and patients' survival. M1-recruited macrophages shift to the M2 phenotype early in MM development, possibly induced by high inducible nitric oxide synthase intratumoral increase peculiarly occurring since the initial MM stages. M2-recruited TAMs overwhelm M1 accumulation in all stages of MM progression, thus favoring neoplastic growth and dissemination. Independent of their intratumoral distribution, the prevalent accumulation of M2 TAMs in MM is statistically confirmed to be a poor indicator of patients' outcome and a potential target of immune therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Falleni
- aDepartment of Health Sciences, Unit of Pathology bDepartment of Health Sciences, Division of Dermatology, University of Milan cUnit of Pathology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
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Cannizzaro L, Rossoni G, Savi F, Altomare A, Marinello C, Saethang T, Carini M, Payne DM, Pisitkun T, Aldini G, Leelahavanichkul A. Regulatory landscape of AGE-RAGE-oxidative stress axis and its modulation by PPARγ activation in high fructose diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2017; 14:5. [PMID: 28101123 PMCID: PMC5237238 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-016-0149-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The AGE-RAGE-oxidative stress (AROS) axis is involved in the onset and progression of metabolic syndrome induced by a high-fructose diet (HFD). PPARγ activation is known to modulate metabolic syndrome; however a systems-level investigation looking at the protective effects of PPARγ activation as related to the AROS axis has not been performed. The aim of this work is to simultaneously characterize multiple molecular parameters within the AROS axis, using samples taken from different body fluids and tissues of a rat model of HFD-induced metabolic syndrome, in the presence or absence of a PPARγ agonist, Rosiglitazone (RGZ). Methods Rats were fed with 60% HFD for the first half of the treatment duration (21 days) then continued with either HFD alone or HFD plus RGZ for the second half. Results Rats receiving HFD alone showed metabolic syndrome manifestations including hypertension, dyslipidemia, increased glucose levels and insulin resistance, as well as abnormal kidney and inflammatory parameters. Systolic blood pressure, plasma triglyceride and glucose levels, plasma creatinine, and albuminuria were significantly improved in the presence of RGZ. The following molecular parameters of the AROS axis were significantly upregulated in our rat model: carboxymethyl lysine (CML) in urine and liver; carboxyethyl lysine (CEL) in urine; advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in plasma; receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in liver and kidney; advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) in plasma; and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) in plasma, liver, and kidney. Conversely, with RGZ administration, the upregulation of AOPP and AGEs in plasma, CML and CEL in urine, RAGE in liver as well as HNE in plasma and liver was significantly counteracted/prevented. Conclusions Our data demonstrate (i) the systems-level regulatory landscape of HFD-induced metabolic syndrome involving multiple molecular parameters, including HNE, AGEs and their receptor RAGE, and (ii) attenuation of metabolic syndrome by PPARγ modulation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12986-016-0149-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Cannizzaro
- Systems Biology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand ; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rossoni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Savi
- Pathological Anatomy Unit (U.O.C. Anatomia Patologica), ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Via di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Altomare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Marinello
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Thammakorn Saethang
- Systems Biology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Marina Carini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - D Michael Payne
- Systems Biology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Trairak Pisitkun
- Systems Biology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Asada Leelahavanichkul
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
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Ciceri P, Elli F, Cappelletti L, Tosi D, Savi F, Bulfamante G, Cozzolino M. Osteonectin (SPARC) Expression in Vascular Calcification: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Studies. Calcif Tissue Int 2016; 99:472-480. [PMID: 27339669 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-016-0167-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Osteonectin, also termed SPARC, is a noncollagenous protein of bone matrix. Since there are controversial results regarding its role during the process of vascular calcification, we investigated osteonectin expression in our in vitro calcification model. Rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were challenged with high phosphate (5 mmol/L Pi) and analyzed quantifying calcium levels, through immunohistochemical studies, and studying gene expression. We detected a peak of osteonectin expression at day 7 in cell treated with high phosphate. The time course of calcium deposition, reflected the expression of osteonectin, resulting extensively present at day 7. On the contrary, the expression of the mitotic marker Ki-67 had a peak at day 4, showing no correlation between osteonectin and cell proliferation. Moreover, 7 days was the time point in which Cbfα1/RUNX-2 had its maximal expression. Furthermore, ascorbic acid increased osteonectin expression, supporting a procalcifying role for this protein. Next we decided to study osteonectin expression ex vivo in fetal, adult not calcified, and adult calcific vessels. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated a spread and strong reactivity in VSMCs of a 20-week fetus, confirming that osteonectin may have a potential role in regulation of mitosis and in cell differentiation. In adult not calcified arteries, osteonectin was constitutively expressed and its levels increased in atherosclerotic and in calcified plaques, where it could have a regulatory role in the calcification process. Our in vitro and ex vivo data show osteonectin expression during the calcification process and suggest its potential role as procalcifying factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Ciceri
- Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Via A. di Rudinì,8, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Elli
- Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Via A. di Rudinì,8, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Cappelletti
- Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Via A. di Rudinì,8, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Delfina Tosi
- Unit of Human Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Savi
- Unit of Human Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaetano Bulfamante
- Unit of Human Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Cozzolino
- Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Via A. di Rudinì,8, 20142, Milan, Italy.
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Sirchia SM, Faversani A, Rovina D, Russo MV, Paganini L, Savi F, Augello C, Rosso L, Del Gobbo A, Tabano S, Bosari S, Miozzo M. Epigenetic effects of chromatin remodeling agents on organotypic cultures. Epigenomics 2016; 8:341-58. [PMID: 26949823 DOI: 10.2217/epi.15.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor epigenetic defects are of increasing relevance to clinical practice, because they are 'druggable' targets for cancer therapy using chromatin-remodeling agents (CRAs). New evidences highlight the importance of the microenvironment on the epigenome regulation and the need to use culture models able to preserve tissue morphology, to better understand the action of CRAs. Methods & methods: We studied the epigenetic response induced by culturing and CRAs in a preclinical model, preserving ex vivo the original tissue microenvironment and morphology, assessing different epigenetic signatures. Our overall findings suggest that culturing and CRAs cause heterogeneous effects on the genes methylation; CRAs affect the global DNA methylation and can trigger an active DNA demethylation; the culture induces alterations in the histone deacetylase expression. CONCLUSION Despite the limited number of cases, these findings can be considered a proof of concept of the possibility to test CRAs epigenetic effects on ex vivo tissues maintained in their native tissue architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia M Sirchia
- Medical Genetics, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy
| | - Alice Faversani
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Davide Rovina
- Medical Genetics, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy
| | - Maria V Russo
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Leda Paganini
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology & Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Savi
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Claudia Augello
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology & Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Rosso
- Division of Thoracic Surgery & Lung Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Del Gobbo
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Tabano
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology & Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvano Bosari
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology & Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Monica Miozzo
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology & Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy
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10
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Gianelli U, Iurlo A, Cattaneo D, Bossi A, Cortinovis I, Augello C, Moro A, Savi F, Castelli R, Brambilla C, Bianchi P, Primignani M, Cortelezzi A, Bosari S. Discrepancies between bone marrow histopathology and clinical phenotype in BCR-ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms associated with splanchnic vein thrombosis. Leuk Res 2015; 39:525-9. [PMID: 25840747 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We examined a consecutive series of 29 patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) associated with splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) in order to evaluate their bone marrow morphology and identify possible associations between histological findings and clinical features. Eleven patients showed the morphological features of polycythemia vera (PV), 11 of primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and six of essential thrombocythemia (ET). Molecular analyses identified the JAK2 V617F mutation in 27 patients; one of the JAK2-negative patients carried the MPL W515K mutation, the other was "triple-negative" (no JAK2, MPL or CALR mutation). On the basis of the WHO classification, three patients were classified as having PV, 11 as having PMF, and two as having ET; the remaining 13 cases fell into the MPN-unclassifiable category as there were discrepancies between their morphological and clinical features. In conclusion, our findings suggest that bone marrow histology should always be considered a key component of the diagnostic algorithm in patients with SVT, but that it is not enough to distinguish the different entities. This is particularly important because diagnoses of PV, PMF or ET have very different prognoses and obviously imply different therapies. It is therefore necessary to adopt a comprehensive approach that considers morphological, clinical and molecular data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Gianelli
- Hematopathology Service, Division of Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan and IRCCS Ca' Granda - Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Iurlo
- Oncohematology of the Elderly Unit, Oncohematology Division, IRCCS Ca' Granda - Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milan, Italy.
| | - Daniele Cattaneo
- Oncohematology Division, IRCCS Ca' Granda - Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation and University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Anna Bossi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Ivan Cortinovis
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Claudia Augello
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan and IRCCS Ca' Granda - Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessia Moro
- Division of Pathology, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy.
| | - Federica Savi
- Division of Pathology, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy.
| | - Roberto Castelli
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, IRCCS Ca' Granda - Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Brambilla
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan and IRCCS Ca' Granda - Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milan, Italy.
| | - Paola Bianchi
- Oncohematology Division, IRCCS Ca' Granda - Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation and University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Massimo Primignani
- First Division of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Ca' Granda - Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milan, Italy.
| | - Agostino Cortelezzi
- Oncohematology Division, IRCCS Ca' Granda - Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation and University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Silvano Bosari
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan and IRCCS Ca' Granda - Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milan, Italy.
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11
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Augello C, Gianelli U, Falcone R, Tabano S, Savi F, Bonaparte E, Ciboddo M, Paganini L, Parafioriti A, Ricca D, Lonati S, Cattaneo D, Fracchiolla NS, Iurlo A, Cortelezzi A, Bosari S, Miozzo M, Sirchia SM. PDGFB hypomethylation is a favourable prognostic biomarker in primary myelofibrosis. Leuk Res 2014; 39:236-41. [PMID: 25498506 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterised by the clonal proliferation of the haematopoietic precursors together with the progressive development of bone marrow fibrosis. This stromal alteration is an important clinical issue and specific prognostic markers are not currently available. In bone marrow biopsies from 58 PMF patients, we explored the methylation pattern of genes encoding cytokines involved in the stromal reaction, namely platelet-derived growth factor-beta (PDGFB), transforming growth factor-beta (TGFB) and basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2). We also evaluated the methylation profile of the Long Interspersed Nucleotide Element 1 (LINE-1). PDGFB, FGF2 and LINE-1, but not TGFB, were significantly differently methylated in PMF compared to controls. Significantly, PDGFB hypomethylation (<16%) was correlated with a favourable PMF prognosis (grade of marrow fibrosis, p=0.03; International Prognostic Scoring Systems p=0.01 and Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring Systems, p=0.02). Although the basis of the association of PDGFB hypomethylation with favourable prognosis remains to be clarified, we speculate that hypomethylation in PMF could represent the effect of acquired somatic mutations in genes involved in epigenetic regulation of the genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Augello
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Umberto Gianelli
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; Hematopathology Section, Division of Pathology, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Rossella Falcone
- Division of Pathology, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Tabano
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Savi
- Division of Pathology, Ospedale San Paolo, Milano, Italy
| | - Eleonora Bonaparte
- Division of Pathology, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Italy
| | - Michele Ciboddo
- Division of Pathology, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Italy
| | - Leda Paganini
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; Division of Pathology, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Italy
| | | | - Dario Ricca
- Division of Pathology, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Lonati
- Hematology and Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Policlinico, Milano, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Cattaneo
- Hematology and Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Policlinico, Milano, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Nicola Stefano Fracchiolla
- Hematology and Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Policlinico, Milano, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Iurlo
- Oncohematology Unit of the Elderly, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Italy
| | - Agostino Cortelezzi
- Hematology and Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Policlinico, Milano, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvano Bosari
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; Division of Pathology, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Italy
| | - Monica Miozzo
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; Division of Pathology, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Italy.
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12
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Augello C, Gianelli U, Savi F, Moro A, Bonoldi E, Gambacorta M, Vaira V, Baldini L, Bosari S. MicroRNA as potential biomarker in HCV-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Clin Pathol 2014; 67:697-701. [PMID: 24914240 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2014-202352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To identify molecular characteristics to hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) through a comprehensive miRNAs expression profiling. METHODS In this study, miRNA profiles were obtained from 37 patients with DLBCLs and 60 patients with reactive lymph nodes, equally distributed according to HCV presence. Germinal centres, from reactive lymph nodes were used as controls. Clinical features at presentation were available for all patients. RESULTS A set of 52 miRNAs define a signature for HCV-associated DLBCL. Importantly, decreased expression of miR-138-5p and increased expression of miR-147a, miR-147b and miR-511-5p in HCV DLBCL was found to be a poor prognostic factor for HCV-positive DLBCL patients. CONCLUSIONS These data reveal molecular differences in diffuse DLBCL patients according to HCV presence, potentially useful as novel prognostic or therapeutic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Augello
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Gianelli
- Hematopathology Section, Division of Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Savi
- Division of Pathology, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Moro
- Division of Pathology, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marcello Gambacorta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Vaira
- Division of Pathology, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Baldini
- Division of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, University of Milan, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvano Bosari
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milan, Italy
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13
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Diaz-Tocados JM, Herencia C, Martinez-Moreno JM, Montes De Oca A, Rodriguez-Ortiz ME, Gundlach K, Buchel J, Steppan S, Passlick-Deetjen J, Rodriguez M, Almaden Y, Munoz-Castaneda JR, Nakano C, Hamano T, Fujii N, Matusi I, Mikami S, Tomida K, Mori D, Kusunoki Y, Shimomura A, Obi Y, Hayashi T, Rakugi H, Isaka Y, Tsubakihara Y, Jorgensen HS, Winther S, Hauge EM, Rejnmark L, Botker HE, Bottcher M, Svensson M, Ivarsen P, Sagliker Y, Demirhan O, Yildiz I, Paylar N, Inandiklioglu N, Akbal E, Tunc E, Tartaglione L, Rotondi S, Pasquali M, Muci ML, Mandanici G, Leonangeli C, Sotir N, Sales S, Mazzaferro S, Gigante M, Cafiero C, Brunetti G, Simone S, Grano M, Colucci S, Ranieri E, Pertosa G, Gesualdo L, Evenepoel P, Goffin E, Meijers B, Kanaan N, Bammens B, Coche E, Claes K, Jadoul M, Louvet L, Metzinger L, Buchel J, Steppan S, Massy ZA, Prasad B, St.Onge JR, Tentori F, Zepel L, Comment L, Akiba T, Bommer J, Fukagawa M, Goodkin DA, Jacobson SH, Robinson BM, Port FK, Evenepoel P, Viaene L, Poesen R, Bammens B, Meijers B, Naesens M, Sprangers B, Kuypers D, Claes K, Tominaga Y, Hiramitsu T, Yamamoto T, Tsujita M, Makowka A, G Yda M, Rutkowska-Majewska E, Nowicki MP, Takeshima A, Ogata H, Yamamoto M, Ito H, Kinugasa E, Kadokura Y, Dimkovic N, Dellanna F, Spasovski G, Wanner C, Locatelli F, Troib A, Assadi MH, Landau D, Rabkin R, Segev Y, Ciceri P, Elli F, Cappelletti L, Tosi D, Savi F, Bulfamante G, Cozzolino M, Barreto FC, De Oliveira RB, Benchitrit J, Louvet L, Rezg R, Poirot S, Jorgetti V, Drueke TB, Riser BL, Massy ZA, Pasquali M, Tartaglione L, Rotondi S, Muci ML, Mandanici G, Leonangeli C, Massimetti C, Utzeri G, Biondi B, Mazzaferro S, Verkaik M, Eringa EC, Musters RJ, Pulskens WP, Vervloet MG, Ter Wee PM, Schiller A, Onofriescu M, Apetrii M, Schiller O, Bob F, Timar R, Mihaescu A, Florea L, Mititiuc I, Veisa G, Covic A, Krause R, Kaase H, Stange R, Hopfenmuller W, Chen TC, Holick MF, Kawasaki T, Ando R, Maeda Y, Arai Y, Sato H, Iimori S, Okado T, Rai T, Uchida S, Sasaki S, An WS, Jeong E, Son SH, Kim SE, Son YK, Baxmann AC, Menon VB, Moreira SR, Medina-Pestana J, Carvalho AB, Heilberg IP, Bergman A, Qureshi AR, Haarhaus MH, Lindholm B, Barany P, Heimburger O, Stenvinkel P, Anderstam B, Wilson RJ, Copley JB, Keith MS, Preston P, Santos RSS, Moyses RMA, Silva BC, Jorgetti V, Coelho FMS, Elias RM, Wanderley RA, Ferreira LQO, Sena TCM, Valerio TR, Gueiros JEB, Gueiros APS, Awata R, Goto S, Nakai K, Fujii H, Nishi S, Sagliker Y, Dingil M, Paylar N, Kapur S, Kim B, Lee DY, Yang S, Kim HW, Moon KH, Palmer S, Teixeira-Pinto A, Saglimbene V, Macaskill P, Craig J, Strippoli G, Marks A, Nguyen H, Fluck N, Prescott G, Robertson L, Black C. CKD BONE DISEASE. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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14
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Gianelli U, Fracchiolla NS, Bucciarelli P, Ferla V, Boiocchi L, Savi F, Moro A, Reda G, Bosari S, Cortelezzi A. High levels of vascular endothelial growth factor protein expression are associated with an increased risk of transfusion dependence in myelodysplastic syndromes. Am J Clin Pathol 2013; 139:380-7. [PMID: 23429375 DOI: 10.1309/ajcp5o3ybktggwnq] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression in 79 bone marrow biopsy specimens of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). VEGF levels normalized for bone marrow cellularity (VEGF index [VEGFi]) were higher in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification-based prognostic scoring system (WPSS) "very high risk" than in the "very low risk" group (P = .009) and in patients with MDS with a poor karyotype than in the other cytogenetic risk groups (P = .015). High VEGFi (>75(th) percentile) predicted transfusion dependence (adjusted odds ratio, 10.38; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-106), and were correlated with leukemia-free survival and overall survival. The inclusion of VEGFi in the International Prognostic Scoring System and WPSS maintained its significant prognostic role in predicting leukemia-free and overall survival; it also seemed to improve the discrimination of the different prognostic classes, especially WPSS low-risk classes. Our findings support the clinical relevance of VEGFi expression in the bone marrow biopsy specimens of patients with MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Gianelli
- Pathology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan School of Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola S. Fracchiolla
- Hematology and Transplantation Unit, University of Milan School of Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Bucciarelli
- A. Bianchi Bonomi Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Ferla
- Hematology and Transplantation Unit, University of Milan School of Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Leonardo Boiocchi
- Pathology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan School of Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Savi
- Pathology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan School of Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Moro
- Pathology Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Reda
- Hematology and Transplantation Unit, University of Milan School of Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvano Bosari
- Pathology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan School of Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Agostino Cortelezzi
- Hematology and Transplantation Unit, University of Milan School of Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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15
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Boiocchi L, Vener C, Savi F, Bonoldi E, Moro A, Fracchiolla NS, Iurlo A, Deliliers GL, Coggi G, Bosari S, Gianelli U. Increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 correlates with VEGF and microvessel density in Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms. J Clin Pathol 2011; 64:226-31. [DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2010.083386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AimsThe authors investigated vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR-1) protein expression in a series of Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (Ph- MPNs) and its correlations with microvessel density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).Methods83 bone marrow biopsies of Ph- MPNs patients, including 27 essential thrombocythaemia (ET), 21 polycythaemia vera (PV) and 35 primary myelofibrosis (PMF), and 10 normal controls (NCs) were investigated by immunohistochemistry.ResultsPatients with PV and PMF showed an increased MVD (PV: 20.1±10.6; PMF: 25.8±6.5) compared with those with ET or NCs (ET: 10.4±4.6; NCs: 7±3.4). VEGFR-1 expression was increased in Ph- MPNs, particularly in PV and PMF (NCs: 0.07±0.03; ET: 0.15±0.09; PV: 0.31±0.2; PMF: 0.31±0.04). VEGF expression parallelled VEGFR-1 and resulted increased in Ph- MPNs (NCs: 0.08±0.04; ET: 0.13±0.06; PV: 0.29±0.2; PMF: 0.31±0.15) and higher in post-polycythaemic myelofibrosis and in the fibrotic stage of PMF than in the non-fibrotic phases of both diseases. VEGFR-1 protein expression correlated with MVD and VEGF expression in Ph- MPNs. VEGFR-1 and VEGF were expressed by the same bone marrow populations: megakaryocytes, macrophages and immature myeloid precursors showed a moderate to strong immunostaining intensity in both Ph- MPNs and NCs. The erythroid precursors were not immunoreactive.ConclusionsVEGFR-1 and VEGF were increased and co-localised in megakaryocytes, macrophages and myeloid precursors of Ph- MPNs. This finding supports the hypothesis of a VEGF/VEGFR-1 autocrine loop in the neoplastic cells of Ph- MPNs.
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16
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Aldini G, Orioli M, Rossoni G, Savi F, Braidotti P, Vistoli G, Yeum KJ, Negrisoli G, Carini M. The carbonyl scavenger carnosine ameliorates dyslipidaemia and renal function in Zucker obese rats. J Cell Mol Med 2010; 15:1339-54. [PMID: 20518851 PMCID: PMC4373334 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01101.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome is a risk factor that increases the risk for development of renal and vascular complications. This study addresses the effects of chronic administration of the endogenous dipeptide carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine, L-CAR) and of its enantiomer (β-alanyl-D-histidine, D-CAR) on hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, advanced glycation end products, advanced lipoxidation end products formation and development of nephropathy in the non-diabetic, Zucker obese rat. The Zucker rats received a daily dose of L-CAR or D-CAR (30 mg/kg in drinking water) for 24 weeks. Systolic blood pressure was recorded monthly. At the end of the treatment, plasma levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, glucose, insulin, creatinine and urinary levels of total protein, albumin and creatinine were measured. Several indices of oxidative/carbonyl stress were also measured in plasma, urine and renal tissue. We found that both L- and D-CAR greatly reduced obese-related diseases in obese Zucker rat, by significantly restraining the development of dyslipidaemia, hypertension and renal injury, as demonstrated by both urinary parameters and electron microscopy examinations of renal tissue. Because the protective effect elicited by L- and D-CAR was almost superimposable, we conclude that the pharmacological action of L-CAR is not due to a pro-histaminic effect (D-CAR is not a precursor of histidine, since it is stable to peptidic hydrolysis), and prompted us to propose that some of the biological effects can be mediated by a direct carbonyl quenching mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pietro Pratesi, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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Vener C, Gianelli U, Cortelezzi A, Fracchiolla NS, Somalvico F, Savi F, Pasquini MC, Bosari S, Deliliers GL. ZAP-70 immunoreactivity is a prognostic marker of diseaseprogression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2009; 47:245-51. [PMID: 16321853 DOI: 10.1080/10428190500272846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The expression of zeta-associated protein 70 (ZAP-70) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) seems to correlate with the mutational status of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable-region genes, clinical course and patient prognosis. The aim was to determine the prognostic significance of the immunohistochemical expression of ZAP-70 protein in CLL by means of the long-term follow-up of 108 patients. This study identified 3 patterns of ZAP-70 immunoreactivity: negative (58 patients, 54%), weakly positive (20 patients, 18%) and strongly positive (30 patients, 28%). Overall, ZAP-70 immunoreactivity correlated with an abnormal karyotype ( p = 0.017), a lymphocyte doubling time (LDT) of <6 months ( p = 0.001) and <12 months ( p = 0.01), Rai II - IV and Binet B - C stage ( p = 0.013), the clinical need for chemotherapy ( p < 0.001) and the need for more than 1 chemotherapy line ( p < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that ZAP-70 immunoreactivity closely correlated with a shorter LDT ( p < 0.0001) and time from diagnosis to initial therapy ( p = 0.0001). The same significance was retained when the patients were stratified into the ZAP-70 immunoreactivity groups ( p < 0.0001). This study shows that ZAP-70 immunoreactivity can be a reliable prognostic marker in CLL and proposes a system for evaluating the results. The observations support the inclusion of the immunohistochemical expression of ZAP-70 in clinical trials involving CLL patients.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Cytogenetic Analysis
- Disease Progression
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Prognosis
- Survival Analysis
- ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase/analysis
- ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Vener
- Ematologia I - Centro Trapianti di Midollo, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore e Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Gianelli U, Vener C, Raviele PR, Savi F, Somalvico F, Calori R, Iurlo A, Radaelli F, Fermo E, Bucciarelli P, Bosari S, Coggi G, Deliliersx GL. VEGF expression correlates with microvessel density in Philadelphia chromosome-negative chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Am J Clin Pathol 2007; 128:966-73. [PMID: 18024322 DOI: 10.1309/fp0n3lc8mbjuffa6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined microvessel density (MVD) and immunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the bone marrow biopsy specimens of 98 patients with Philadelphia chromosome-negative (Ph-) chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPDs). There were significantly more MVD "hot spots" in chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis (CIMF; mean +/- SD, 25.6 +/- 6.3) and polycythemia vera (PV; 20.7 +/- 10.2) cases than in essential thrombocythemia (ET) cases (10.1 +/- 4.5) and normal control (NC) samples (7.5 +/- 3.6) (P < .05). Similar results were found using a semiquantitative method (P < .0001). A calculated VEGF index (VEGF(i)) was higher in CIMF (0.29 +/- 0.15) and PV (0.28 +/- 0.20) cases than in ET (0.12 +/- 0.05) and NC (0.08 +/- 0.04) cases (P < .0001). MVD and VEGF(i) were higher in the myelofibrotic phases of CIMF and PV. There was a direct correlation between VEGF(i) and MVD when considering the Ph- CMPDs together (r = 0.67; P < .001) and when considering PV (r = 0.79; P < .001) and CIMF (r = 0.40; P = .013) as individual entities. Our data could provide a rationale for directly targeting VEGF or endothelial cells in CIMF and PV.
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Gianelli U, Vener C, Raviele PR, Moro A, Savi F, Annaloro C, Somalvico F, Radaelli F, Franco V, Deliliers GL. Essential thrombocythemia or chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis? A single-center study based on hematopoietic bone marrow histology. Leuk Lymphoma 2006; 47:1774-81. [PMID: 17064987 DOI: 10.1080/10428190600678975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We reviewed a large series of patients with essential thrombocythemia diagnosed on the basis of the Polycythemia Vera Study Group criteria, and reclassified them by evaluating their major morphologic features and clinical course using the World Health Organization classification. The morphologic review of the bone marrow biopsies of 116 patients (44 males and 72 females; aged 19 - 83 years, median 55 years; median follow-up 121 months) led to 22 cases (19%) being classified as essential thrombocythemia (ET), 24 (21%) as chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis (CIMF)-0, 44 (37%) as CIMF-1, 13 (12%) as CIMF-2, 9 (8%) as latent phase polycythemia vera, and four (3%) as chronic myeloproliferative disorder, unclassifiable. There was a significant difference in the median age of the ET and fibrotic CIMF patients (54.7 +/- 13.55 vs. 59.13 +/- 15.05 years; P = 0.03). Histologic analysis showed that the simultaneous presence of loose clusters of large/giant megakaryocytes and nuclear hyperlobulation was significantly different between the ET and the prefibrotic CIMF (P<0.01) and fibrotic CIMF patients (P<0.01), and that the association of dense clusters of megakaryocytes with maturation defects and bulbous nuclei also distinguished the prefibrotic CIMF (P<0.05) and fibrotic CIMF patients (P<0.001) from those with ET. The association of cellularity, granulocytic proliferation and reticulin fibers was helpful in distinguishing prefibrotic from fibrotic CIMF (P<0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Gianelli
- II Cattedra di Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Università degli Studi di Milano, A.O. San Paolo, Via Di Rudini 8, 20142 Milan, Italy,
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Gianelli U, Fracchiolla NS, Cortelezzi A, Pellegrini C, Savi F, Moro A, Grimoldi MG, Deliliers GL, Coggi G, Bosari S. Survivin expression in “low-risk” and “high-risk” myelodysplastic syndromes. Ann Hematol 2006; 86:185-9. [PMID: 17124585 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-006-0215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2005] [Accepted: 10/12/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis has a crucial role in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), being responsible of the ineffective hematopoiesis characteristic of the disease. Apoptosis rate is elevated in "early phase" MDS, whereas it diminishes during disease progression to acute leukemia, consensually to the acquisition of independent growth features. Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of the apoptosis (IAP) family, with the bifunctional role of suppressing apoptosis while facilitating cell cycle progression. We investigated Survivin mRNA levels by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR analysis and Survivin protein expression by immunohistochemistry in 49 bone marrow (BM) aspirates and in 17 BM biopsies (BMB) from MDS patients. Survivin mRNA levels were higher in MDS than in control group (1.68 +/- 1.46 vs 0.25 +/- 0.22; p < 0.0001). MDS patients with low or INT1 International Scoring System for Evaluating Prognosis (IPSS) displayed higher levels of Survivin mRNA in comparison to INT2 or high IPSS (1.91 +/- 1.51 vs 0.88 +/- 0.95; p = 0.0058). Survivin protein immunoreactivity was evaluated as Survivin index S ((i)) and calculated according to the formula: S ((i)) = % of Survivin positive cells x BMB cellularity / 100. Survivin index was higher in the MDS group than in normal BM (p = 0.05). Moreover, in eight cases in which BM aspirates and trephine biopsy were available, we found a significant association between the level of Survivin mRNA and protein expression (p = 0.011). In conclusion, this study demonstrates increased levels of Survivin in MDS compared to normal controls. Moreover, higher levels of transcripts are related to "low-risk" MDS. Our results suggest an active role of Survivin in normal and in myelodysplastic hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Gianelli
- II Cattedra di Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Università degli Studi di Milano, A. O. S. Paolo e Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena di Milano, Italy.
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