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Kimuli D, Nakaggwa F, Namuwenge N, Nsubuga RN, Kasule K, Nyakwezi S, Odong J, Isabirye P, Sevume S, Mubiru N, Mwehire D, Matovu F, Wandera B, Amuron B, Bukenya D. Prevalence and determinants of minimum dietary diversity for women of reproductive age in Uganda. BMC Nutr 2024; 10:39. [PMID: 38429646 PMCID: PMC10908097 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-024-00858-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, over a billion women of reproductive age (WRA) suffer from some kind of undernutrition micronutrient deficiencies, and/or anemia as a result of inadequate dietary diversity. This leads to poor maternal and child health outcomes, however, there is limited research on population level research on minimum dietary diversity for women (MDD-W). This study assessed the prevalence and predictors of MDD-W among WRA in Uganda. METHODS This study was a secondary analysis of data from the lot quality assurance sampling (LQAS) survey conducted across 55 Ugandan districts between May and September 2022. Women of various ages were interviewed across 5 study subgroups that this study used to construct its study population (WRA). Descriptive analyses, tests for outcome differences, and multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression were conducted at a 5% statistical significance level using STATA version 17. The results were reported using Adjusted Odds Ratios (aOR) as the measure of the outcome. RESULTS The study analyzed responses from 29,802 WRA with a mean age of 27.8 (± 6.8) years. Only 8.8% (95% CI 8.5-9.3) achieved the MDD-W, the least proportion was observed in the South-Central region (3.13%). In the adjusted analysis, WRA who were older than 25 years (aOR 1.1, 95% CI 1.1-1.3, p < 0.001), had secondary education (aOR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.7, p = 0.003) or above (aOR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.3-2.2, p < 0.001), and used modern contraceptives (aOR = 1.1, 95% CI 1.0-1.3, p = 0.01) were more likely to achieve the MDD-W. Conversely, WRA who travelled longer distances to the nearest household water source (aOR = 0.8, 95% CI 0.7-0.9, p = 0.002) and those residing in larger households (aOR = 0.9, 95% CI 0.8-1.0, p = 0.019) were less likely to achieve the MDD-W. CONCLUSION A low proportion of WRA met the MDD-W. Age, education level, household sizes and use of modern contraception were predictors of MDD-W among WRA in Uganda. MDD-W-related program efforts in Uganda should strengthen multisectoral collaboration with prioritization of younger women, education, household sizes and access to safe water sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick Kimuli
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Florence Nakaggwa
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Norah Namuwenge
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Rebecca N Nsubuga
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Kenneth Kasule
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sheila Nyakwezi
- The United States Agency for International Development Uganda, US Mission Compound - South Wing, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Jimmy Odong
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Paul Isabirye
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Solome Sevume
- The United States Agency for International Development Uganda, US Mission Compound - South Wing, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Norbert Mubiru
- The United States Agency for International Development Uganda, US Mission Compound - South Wing, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Daniel Mwehire
- The United States Agency for International Development Uganda, US Mission Compound - South Wing, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Fatuma Matovu
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bonnie Wandera
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Barbara Amuron
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Daraus Bukenya
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
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Mwebembezi S, Alege JB, Nakaggwa F, Nanyonga RC. Factors Influencing Uptake of Prostate Cancer Screening among Men Aged 40 Years and Above in Kazo Town Council, Kazo District, Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study. Biomed Res Int 2023; 2023:7770943. [PMID: 38170054 PMCID: PMC10761216 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7770943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer accounts for 20.3% of all cancers in men in sub-Saharan Africa. Early screening among at-risk groups is challenging in Uganda, with limited data on prostate cancer screening uptake in most districts, including newly established ones. The purpose of this study was to determine factors influencing the uptake of prostate cancer screening among men aged ≥ 40 in Kazo Town Council, Kazo District, a newly created district. We used a descriptive cross-sectional study design that employed both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. Participants were recruited through simple random sampling between November 2020 and January 2021. Structured questionnaires were used for quantitative data (n = 300). Statistical analyses to determine associations were carried out using inferential and chi-square tests followed by logistic regression. In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 key informants and analyzed thematically to explore a range of perceptions related to prostate cancer screening. Only 10 (3.33%; 95% CI: 0.018-0.60) respondents had ever screened for prostate cancer. Lack of privacy (p < 0.033), access to prostate cancer information (p < 0.014), and distance to health facilities (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with the uptake of prostate cancer screening. Marital status (OR = 7.93; 95% CI: 1.85-33.99; p = 0.005), positive health worker attitudes (OR = 0.002; 95% CI: 0.000-0.023, p < 0.001), and perceived affordability (OR = 0.001; 95% CI: 0.000-0.011, p < 0.001) were independently associated with uptake of prostate cancer screening. Key barriers included lack of information, access to screening centres, and fear of screening. The level of uptake of prostate cancer screening was considerably low among men aged 40 and above in the Kazo District. Targeted community interventions to improve access to prostate cancer information, screening, sensitization, and addressing perceived and actual barriers are needed in newly created districts to bolster the uptake of prostate cancer screening. This has implications for prioritizing research evaluating district resource allocation to support optimized and integrated evidence-based service delivery in primary healthcare centres, especially for specialized services in newly created districts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smart Mwebembezi
- Institute of Public Health and Management, Clarke International University, P.O. Box 7782, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Jon B. Alege
- Institute of Public Health and Management, Clarke International University, P.O. Box 7782, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Florence Nakaggwa
- Institute of Public Health and Management, Clarke International University, P.O. Box 7782, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Rose C. Nanyonga
- Institute of Public Health and Management, Clarke International University, P.O. Box 7782, Kampala, Uganda
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Montgomery L, Misinde C, Komuhangi A, Kawooya AN, Agaba P, McShane CM, Santin O, Apio J, Jenkins C, Githinji F, MacDonald M, Nakaggwa F, Nanyonga RC. Tackling the escalating burden of care in Uganda: a qualitative exploration of the challenges experienced by family carers of patients with chronic non-communicable diseases. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:1356. [PMID: 38053176 PMCID: PMC10696811 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10337-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family carers face challenges that could significantly affect their health and the health of those they care for. However, these challenges are not well documented in low-income settings, including Uganda. We explored the challenges of caring for someone with chronic non-communicable disease (NCD) in Uganda. METHODS We conducted a qualitative exploratory study at Hospice Africa, Uganda (an urban setting) and Hampton Health Center (a rural setting) in Uganda in February and March 2021. Family carers (n = 44) were recruited using snowball and purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected using focus group discussions and in-depth interviews, gathering family carer perspectives of (a) their caring role (b) their support needs, and (c) attitudes of the wider community. In total, four focus group discussions and 10 individual interviews were completed. RESULTS The average age of carers was 46 years old. The majority of family care was provided by female relatives, who also experienced intersectional disadvantages relating to economic opportunities and employment. Family carers carried a huge burden of care, experiencing significant challenges that affected their physical health, and material and emotional well-being. These challenges also affected the quality of care of the patients for whom they cared. Carers struggled to provide for the basic needs of the patient including the provision of medication and transport to health facilities. Carers received no formal training and limited support to carry out the caring role. They reported that they had little understanding of the patient's illness, or how best to provide care. CONCLUSIONS As NCDs continue to rise globally, the role of family caregivers is becoming more prominent. The need to support carers is an urgent concern. Family carer needs should be prioritised in policy and resource allocation. The need for a carer's toolkit of resources, and the enhancement of community support, have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna Montgomery
- School of Social Sciences, Education and Social Work, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
| | - Cyprian Misinde
- Department of Population Studies, School of Statistics and Planning, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Alimah Komuhangi
- Institute of Public Health and Management, Clarke International University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Angela N Kawooya
- Institute of Public Health and Management, Clarke International University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Peninah Agaba
- Department of Population Studies, School of Statistics and Planning, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Olinda Santin
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Judith Apio
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Clarke International University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Florence Githinji
- Quality Assurance Office, Clarke International University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Mandi MacDonald
- School of Social Sciences, Education and Social Work, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Florence Nakaggwa
- Institute of Public Health and Management, Clarke International University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Rose C Nanyonga
- Institute of Public Health and Management, Clarke International University, Kampala, Uganda
- Office of the Vice Chancellor, Clarke International University, Kampala, Uganda
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Kimuli D, Nakaggwa F, Namuwenge N, Nsubuga RN, Isabirye P, Kasule K, Katwesige JF, Nyakwezi S, Sevume S, Mubiru N, Amuron B, Bukenya D. Sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding in 77 districts of Uganda. Int Breastfeed J 2023; 18:66. [PMID: 38053098 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-023-00604-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uganda surpasses many African nations and the global average in exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates. Yet, malnutrition is a critical issue, with stunting impacting roughly 29% of children under 5 years. Enhancing EBF could mitigate such nutritional challenges. This study focused on determining the current EBF prevalence and identifying associated factors across 77 surveyed districts. METHODS Pooled data from the Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) surveys conducted in 77 districts in Uganda during 2021 and 2022 were analyzed. The analysis involved 7,210 mothers of children under 6 months, EBF was considered as the proportion of infants who received breast milk only in the 24 hours before the survey. A mother practicing EBF was (1) currently breastfeeding (2) had not started giving foods other than breastmilk (3) had not given any other probed liquids or (4) semi-solid foods the previous day or night. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with EBF, presenting adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals at a 5% significance level. RESULTS The prevalence of EBF was 62.3%. In the adjusted analysis, EBF was more common among older mothers 20-24 years, 25-29 years and 30 + years (aOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.2,1.6), (aOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1, 1.6) and (aOR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1, 1.5) respectively compared to teenage mothers. Also, EBF was more likely among mothers who lived in rural areas compared to urban areas (aOR 1.1; 95% CI 1.0, 1.3) and those who attended antenatal care (ANC) (aOR 2.2; 95% CI 1.5, 3.1). On the contrary, EBF was less common for children aged 3-5 months compared to younger (aOR 0.5; 95% CI 0.5, 0.6) and children who had received Vitamin A supplementation (aOR 0.7; 95% 0.6, 0.8). CONCLUSION The study suggests that most districts in Uganda might not have made significant strides in improving EBF rates over the last twenty years, pointing to possible ongoing hurdles that need urgent attention. Particularly, there's a pressing need to focus on teenage mothers. Maintaining and strengthening programs that advocate EBF, such as ANC, is crucial to bridge the gaps and bring about more equitable rates among different groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick Kimuli
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Florence Nakaggwa
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Norah Namuwenge
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Rebecca N Nsubuga
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Paul Isabirye
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Kenneth Kasule
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Justine Fay Katwesige
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sheila Nyakwezi
- The United States Agency for International Development Uganda, US Mission Compound - South Wing, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Solome Sevume
- The United States Agency for International Development Uganda, US Mission Compound - South Wing, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Norbert Mubiru
- The United States Agency for International Development Uganda, US Mission Compound - South Wing, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Barbara Amuron
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Daraus Bukenya
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
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Kimuli D, Nakaggwa F, Kasule K, Kiconco I, Nyakwezi S, Sevume S, Mubiru N, Mwehire D, Katwesige JF, Nsubuga RN, Amuron B, Bukenya D, Wandera B, Namuwenge N. Level of minimum acceptable diet and its associated factors among children aged 12-23 months in Ugandan districts. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293041. [PMID: 37851649 PMCID: PMC10584160 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Uganda has made notable progress in improving child nutrition indicators, albeit not fast enough to meet global targets. Navigating the landscape of child nutrition in Uganda demands attention, particularly in light of the necessity for a minimum acceptable diet (MAD) for children aged 12-23 months. While the focus on local nutritional planning is crucial, the absence of routine-specific nutritional status data creates a significant information gap. To bridge this void, this study used datasets from the 2021 Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) survey. Data were analysed using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression (clustering districts based on regional boundaries) at a 5% statistical significance level using STATA version 17. Of the 7,111 children surveyed, 3,256 (49.20%) received the minimum meal frequency, 695 (9.80%) received the minimum dietary diversity, and only 380 (5.34%) received the MAD. There was a notable variation in the proportion of children that received the MAD across regions and districts. Children living in urban areas, children whose mothers had a higher education, and children whose mothers had a diverse diet were more likely to receive the MAD. Children were less likely to receive the MAD if they lived in a household that did not receive a health worker visit within the year. These findings suggest a need to prioritize initiatives aimed at increasing dietary diversity among children in Uganda. This could be done through a variety of approaches, such as leveraging the use of home gardens to boost nutrition through diverse crop cultivation, demonstration gardens, and offering nutrition counselling through village health teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick Kimuli
- Social & Scientific Systems, a DLH Company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Florence Nakaggwa
- Social & Scientific Systems, a DLH Company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Kenneth Kasule
- Social & Scientific Systems, a DLH Company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Immaculate Kiconco
- Social & Scientific Systems, a DLH Company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sheila Nyakwezi
- The United States Agency for International Development Uganda, US Mission Compound—South Wing, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Solome Sevume
- The United States Agency for International Development Uganda, US Mission Compound—South Wing, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Nobert Mubiru
- The United States Agency for International Development Uganda, US Mission Compound—South Wing, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Daniel Mwehire
- The United States Agency for International Development Uganda, US Mission Compound—South Wing, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Justine Fay Katwesige
- Social & Scientific Systems, a DLH Company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Rebecca N. Nsubuga
- Social & Scientific Systems, a DLH Company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Barbara Amuron
- Social & Scientific Systems, a DLH Company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Daraus Bukenya
- Social & Scientific Systems, a DLH Company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bonnie Wandera
- Social & Scientific Systems, a DLH Company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Norah Namuwenge
- Social & Scientific Systems, a DLH Company / United States Agency for International Development Strategic Information Technical Support Activity, Kampala, Uganda
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Nakaggwa F, Kimuli D, Kasule K, Katwesige JF, Kintu D, Ssempebwa R, Sevume S, Komakech P, Mubiru N, Maggwa B, Carrasco MA, Namuwenge N, Nsubuga RN, Amuron B, Bukenya D, Wandera B. Postpartum family planning uptake in Uganda: findings from the lot quality assurance sampling survey. Contracept Reprod Med 2023; 8:44. [PMID: 37608320 PMCID: PMC10463570 DOI: 10.1186/s40834-023-00243-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The initiation and use of family planning (FP) services within the first 12 months following childbirth, postpartum family planning (PPFP), promotes safe motherhood by reducing unintended pregnancies and ensuring appropriate pregnancy spacing. However, there is a paucity of information on PPFP uptake from community surveys. This study aimed to quantify the reported use of PPFP and identify predictors and barriers to PPFP uptake from a large community survey. METHODS We analysed data collected from the 2021 Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) survey, a cross-sectional community and household survey that covered 68 districts in Uganda. The survey uses small sample sizes to designate health or administrative geographical areas which are assessed to determine whether they achieved the pre-determined target for defined indicators of interest. We abstracted and analysed data collected from mothers of children aged 12 months or younger on reproductive health and FP. PPFP use was defined as the reported use of modern FP by the mother or their partner. Associations were measured using Pearson's chi-square test at 5% significance. Multivariate logistic regression was performed for variables that were significantly associated with PPFP use to identify the predictors of PPFP. RESULTS Overall, 8103 mothers of children aged less than 12 years were included in the analysis; the majority of mothers, 55.8% (4521/8103) were above 24 years while 11.7% (950/8103) were 19 years and under. 98% (7942/8103) of the mothers attended at least one antenatal care (ANC) visit and 86.3% (6997/8103) delivered at a health facility. Only 10% (814/8103) of mothers who participated in the survey reported PPFP use at the time of the survey. Reporting of PPFP use was 5 times higher among mothers of children aged 7-12 months (AOR 4.9; 95%CI 4.1-5.8), 50% higher among mothers with secondary education (AOR 1.5; 95%CI 1.0-2.3), 80% higher among breastfeeding mothers (AOR 1.8; 95%CI 1.3-2.4) and 30% lower among those that didn't receive a health worker visit within 3 months preceding the survey (AOR 0.7; 95% CI 0.5-0.8). Among 4.6% (372/8103) who stated a reason for non-use of PPFP, the most cited reasons for not using were breastfeeding 43% (161/372), fear of side effects 26.9% (100/372), respondent/partner opposition 17.6% (48/372) and infrequent sex 12.1% (48/372). CONCLUSION The analysis showed a low proportion of PPFP uptake among mothers of children under 12 years. Possible barriers included child age, education, a health worker visit, and side effects and perceived benefits of possibly improperly implementing lactation amenorrhea method. Integration of social, community and health services could provide a more holistic approach to improving PPFP uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Nakaggwa
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings Company / USAID SITES, Plot 2730 Church Road, Kironde Zone, P.O.Box 12761, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Derrick Kimuli
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings Company / USAID SITES, Plot 2730 Church Road, Kironde Zone, P.O.Box 12761, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Kenneth Kasule
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings Company / USAID SITES, Plot 2730 Church Road, Kironde Zone, P.O.Box 12761, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Justine Fay Katwesige
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings Company / USAID SITES, Plot 2730 Church Road, Kironde Zone, P.O.Box 12761, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Denis Kintu
- Office of Health and HIV, USAID/Uganda, US Mission Compound - South Wing, Plot 1577 Ggaba Road, P. O. Box 7856, Nsambya, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Rhobbinah Ssempebwa
- Office of Health and HIV, USAID/Uganda, US Mission Compound - South Wing, Plot 1577 Ggaba Road, P. O. Box 7856, Nsambya, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Solome Sevume
- Office of Health and HIV, USAID/Uganda, US Mission Compound - South Wing, Plot 1577 Ggaba Road, P. O. Box 7856, Nsambya, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Patrick Komakech
- Office of Health and HIV, USAID/Uganda, US Mission Compound - South Wing, Plot 1577 Ggaba Road, P. O. Box 7856, Nsambya, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Norbert Mubiru
- Office of Health and HIV, USAID/Uganda, US Mission Compound - South Wing, Plot 1577 Ggaba Road, P. O. Box 7856, Nsambya, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Baker Maggwa
- Office of Family Planning and Reproductive Health, USAID, 05.4.1A, 500 D Street SW, 20547, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Maria Augusta Carrasco
- Office of Family Planning and Reproductive Health, USAID, 05.4.1A, 500 D Street SW, 20547, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Norah Namuwenge
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings Company / USAID SITES, Plot 2730 Church Road, Kironde Zone, P.O.Box 12761, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Rebecca N Nsubuga
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings Company / USAID SITES, Plot 2730 Church Road, Kironde Zone, P.O.Box 12761, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Barbara Amuron
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings Company / USAID SITES, Plot 2730 Church Road, Kironde Zone, P.O.Box 12761, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Daraus Bukenya
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings Company / USAID SITES, Plot 2730 Church Road, Kironde Zone, P.O.Box 12761, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bonnie Wandera
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings Company / USAID SITES, Plot 2730 Church Road, Kironde Zone, P.O.Box 12761, Kampala, Uganda
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Kirabira VN, Nakaggwa F, Nazziwa R, Nalunga S, Nasiima R, Nyagabyaki C, Sebunya R, Latigi G, Pirio P, Ahmadzai M, Ojom L, Nabwami I, Burgoine K, Blencowe H. Impact of secondary and tertiary neonatal interventions on neonatal mortality in a low- resource limited setting hospital in Uganda: a retrospective study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e055698. [PMID: 35953254 PMCID: PMC9379481 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of secondary and tertiary level neonatal interventions on neonatal mortality over a period of 11 years. DESIGN Interrupted time series analysis. SETTING Nsambya Hospital, Uganda. INTERVENTIONS Neonatal secondary interventions (phase I, 2007-2014) and tertiary level interventions (phase II, 2015-2020). PARTICIPANTS Neonates. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome: neonatal mortality. SECONDARY OUTCOME case fatality rate (CFR) for prematurity, neonatal sepsis and asphyxia. RESULTS During the study period, a total of 25 316 neonates were admitted, of which 1853 (7.3%) died. The average inpatient mortality reduced from 8.2% during phase I to 5.7% during phase II (p=0.001). The CFR for prematurity reduced from 16.2% to 9.2% (p=0.001). There was a trend in reduction for the CFR of perinatal asphyxia from 14.9% to 13.0% (p=0.34). The CFR for sepsis had a more than a twofold increase (3%-6.8% p=0.001) between phase I and phase II. CONCLUSION Implementation of secondary and tertiary neonatal care in resource-limited settings is feasible. This study shows that these interventions can significantly reduce the neonatal mortality, with the largest impact seen in the reduction of deaths from perinatal asphyxia and prematurity. An increase in sepsis related deaths was observed, suggesting emphasis on infection control is key.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Nakibuuka Kirabira
- Paediatrics, Nsambya Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
- Medicine Post Graduate School, Nkozi University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Florence Nakaggwa
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Clarke International University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ritah Nazziwa
- Medicine Post Graduate School, Nkozi University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Malalay Ahmadzai
- UNICEF Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Office, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | - Kathy Burgoine
- Neonatal Unit, Mbale Regional Referral Hospital, Mbale, Uganda
| | - Hannah Blencowe
- Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive & Child Health (MARCH) Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Mubangizi V, Plastow J, Nakaggwa F, Nahabwe H, Natukunda S, Atim F, Mawere B, Laughton M, Muller I, Owokuhaisa J, Coates S, Chambers I, Goodhart C, Willcox M. Assessing changes in knowledge, attitudes, and intentions to use family planning after watching documentary and drama health education films: a qualitative study. Reprod Health 2022; 19:65. [PMID: 35279189 PMCID: PMC8917732 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-022-01370-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a paucity of literature on the effectiveness of drama or documentary films in changing knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and behavior of people towards family planning. This study aimed to compare and assess the acceptability of health promotion films based on documentary or drama, and their effect on knowledge, attitudes, and intention to use family planning. Methods We developed short documentary and drama films about contraceptive implants, using the person-based approach. Their acceptability was assessed in focus group discussions with younger women below 23 years, women over 23 years, men of reproductive age, and health workers in four different areas of Uganda (Bwindi/Kanungu, Walukuba/Jinja, Kampala, and Mbarara). Transcripts of the focus group discussions were analyzed using thematic analysis, to generate themes and examine the key issues. We assessed changes in knowledge, attitudes, and intentions to use family planning after watching the films. Results Sixteen focus groups with 150 participants were carried out. Participants said that the documentary improved their knowledge and addressed their fears about side effects, myths, and implant insertion. The drama improved their attitudes towards the implant and encouraged them to discuss family planning with their partner. The final versions of the documentary and the drama films were equally liked. Conclusions Viewing a short documentary on the contraceptive implant led to positive changes in knowledge, while a short drama improved attitudes and intentions to discuss the implant with their partner. The drama and documentary have complementary features, and most participants wanted to see both. Thousands of women and children in Uganda die every year due to problems related to pregnancy and childbirth. About 20% of these deaths are avoidable by better use of contraception. Many women are reluctant to begin contraception because of fears and myths about side-effects, and because they need the agreement of their husbands. The aim of this research was to study whether health education films could address these fears, and to compare a short documentary with a short drama film. We produced two health education films (a documentary and a drama) in two local languages with the involvement of local people. Films aimed to (1) dispel some myths on contraception, (2) encourage men to attend at least one antenatal clinic with their wives, and (3) discuss with a health worker whether they would like a method of family planning after the delivery. We showed these films to focus groups of local women, men and health workers in four contrasting areas of Uganda. The people taking part in the focus groups discussed their reactions to the films, whether they had learned anything from them, whether their attitudes towards family planning had changed as a result, and whether they intended to discuss this with their partner. Viewing a short documentary on the contraceptive implant improved knowledge, and short drama films improved attitudes and intentions to discuss the implant with their partner. The documentary and drama had different advantages, and most participants wanted to see both.
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Wilkinson R, Garden E, Nanyonga RC, Squires A, Nakaggwa F, Schwartz JI, Heller DJ. Causes of medication non-adherence and the acceptability of support strategies for people with hypertension in Uganda: A qualitative study. Int J Nurs Stud 2021; 126:104143. [PMID: 34953374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.104143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is the most common non-communicable disease in Uganda and its prevalence is predicted to grow substantially over the next several years. Rates of hypertension control remain suboptimal, however, due in part to poor medication adherence. There is a significant need to better understand the drivers of poor medication adherence for patients with non-communicable diseases and to implement appropriate interventions to improve adherence. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was two-fold. First, this study sought to understand what factors support or undermine patients' efforts to adhere to their hypertensive medications at baseline. Second, this study sought to explore the acceptability and feasibility of adherence interventions to both providers and patients. METHODS This study was conducted at a large, urban private hospital in Kampala, Uganda. We conducted key informant interviews with both providers and patients. We explored their beliefs about the causes of medication non-adherence while examining the acceptability of support strategies validated in similar contexts, such as: daily text reminders, educational materials on hypertension, monthly group meetings (i.e. "adherence clubs") led by patients or providers, one-on-one appointments with providers, and modified drug dispensing at the hospital pharmacy. STUDY DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS Fifteen healthcare providers and forty-two patients were interviewed. All interviews were transcribed, and these transcripts were analyzed using the NVIVO software. We utilized a conventional content analysis approach informed by the Health Belief Model. RESULTS Of the proposed interventions, participants expressed particularly strong interest in adherence clubs and educational materials. Participants drew connections between these interventions and previously underexplored drivers of non-adherence, which included the lack of symptoms from untreated hypertension, fear of medication side effects, interest in traditional herbal medicine, and the importance of family and community support. CONCLUSIONS Both providers and patients at the facility recognized medication non-adherence as a major barrier to hypertension control and expressed interest in improving adherence through interventions that addressed context-specific barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Wilkinson
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Evan Garden
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Rose Clarke Nanyonga
- Clarke International University, Kawagga Close, off Kalungi Road, Muyenga Block 244, Plot 8244 Bukasa Kyadondo, P.O.Box 7782, Kampala Uganda
| | - Allison Squires
- NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing, 433 1st Avenue New York, NY 10010 USA
| | - Florence Nakaggwa
- Clarke International University, Kawagga Close, off Kalungi Road, Muyenga Block 244, Plot 8244 Bukasa Kyadondo, P.O.Box 7782, Kampala Uganda
| | | | - David J Heller
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA.
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Nanyonga RC, Spies LA, Nakaggwa F. The effectiveness of nurse-led group interventions on hypertension lifestyle management: A mixed method study. J Nurs Scholarsh 2021; 54:286-295. [PMID: 34747122 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypertension is prevalent in Uganda and achieving treatment goals remains a challenge. Our aim was to assess the impact of a bundled nurse-led intervention on hypertension physiologic measures and lifestyle modification, and to explore perceptions of the interventions to enhance sustainability. DESIGN AND SETTING We employed a sequential explanatory mixed-method design. The study was conducted at a large urban private hospital in Uganda from September 2018 to May 2019. SAMPLE Participants were clinic patients with hypertension currently under care. A total of 54 participants were enrolled in two study groups. Two focus groups with 16 participants and 2 nurse-educator interviews were conducted. METHODS Blood pressure and weight were measured at baseline, three, six, and nine months. The Self-Care of Hypertension Inventory was used to assess lifestyle modification. Monthly education and group-support with text-message follow-up were implemented. Two focus-groups and nurse-educator interviews were conducted to assess perceptions post-implementation. The analysis included descriptive statistic, multivariate analysis and qualitative analysis for themes and subthemes. FINDINGS Overall, participants had a mean weight loss of 7.7 kg (p = 0.001) and a mean reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 9.5 mm Hg (p = 0.001). Improvement in biometric outcomes was associated with lifestyle modification such as taking medicine as prescribed (p = 0.008), eat lots of fruit and vegetables (p = 0.043), and control your body weight (p = 0.015). Thematic analysis yielded the following themes: Knowledge and understanding, Attitude change, Adherence-a real struggle, and Adapting to what suits us. Participants found group support, shared learning, and knowledge reinforcement enhanced their knowledge and self-efficacy. Nurse educators were motivated by the patients' favorable responses to the Bundled Education and Support with Text (BEST) intervention. CONCLUSION Findings support the use of nurse-led interventions to enhance the achievement of hypertension treatment goals. To sustain the achieved lifestyle modification and blood pressure outcomes, participants expressed a desire for continued support, information access, and inclusion of patients as champions for knowledge dissemination. Future studies need to explore the provision of enabling structures to support nurse-led interventions in routine non-Communicable disease (NCD) care. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Hypertension knowledge-gaps exist among patients and may reflect missed opportunities for patient engagement and education for behavior change. Bundled nurse-led hypertension interventions can significantly improve lifestyle modification and enhance hypertension outcomes. Persons supported and empowered with knowledge can act as conduits to wider communities in championing knowledge dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lori A Spies
- Louise Herrington School of Nursing, Baylor University, Dallas, Texas, USA
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11
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Kazibwe A, Twinomugisha F, Musaazi J, Nakaggwa F, Lukanga D, Aleu P, Kiyemba T, Nkolo A, Kirirabwa NS, Lopez DBF, Birabwa E, Dejene S, Zawedde-Muyanja S. Comparative yield of different active TB case finding interventions in a large urban TB project in central Uganda: a descriptive study. Afr Health Sci 2021; 21:975-984. [PMID: 35222557 PMCID: PMC8843286 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v21i3.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Systematic screening for TB among patients presenting to care and among high risk populations is recommended to improve TB case finding. We aimed to describe the comparative yield of three TB screening approaches implemented by a large urban TB project in central Uganda. METHODS We abstracted data on the screening cascade from 65 health facilities and their surrounding communities (numbers screened, with presumptive TB, receiving a diagnostic test and diagnosed with TB) from the different clinic and community TB registers. RESULTS From January 2018 to December 2019, 93,378 (24%) of all patients screened at health facilities had presumptive TB; 77,381 (82.9%) received a diagnostic test and 14,305 (18.5%) were diagnosed with TB. The screening yield (the number of patients diagnosed with TB out of all patients screened) was 0.3% and was three times higher among men than women (0.6% vs 0.2% p<0.01). During targeted community screening interventions, 9874 (21.1%) of all patients screened had presumptive TB; 7034 (71.2%) of these received a diagnostic test and 1699 (24.2%) were diagnosed with TB. The screening yield was higher among men, (3.7% vs 3.3% p<0.01) and highest among children 0-14 (4.8% vs 3.2% p<0.01). CONCLUSION Targeted community TB screening interventions improve access to TB diagnosis for men and children 0-14 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kazibwe
- The AIDS Support Organization, Kampala, Uganda.,USAID/Defeat TB Project, University Research Co. LLC, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Fred Twinomugisha
- USAID/Defeat TB Project, University Research Co. LLC, Kampala, Uganda.,The Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Joseph Musaazi
- The Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Florence Nakaggwa
- USAID/Defeat TB Project, University Research Co. LLC, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Phillip Aleu
- USAID/Defeat TB Project, University Research Co. LLC, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Timothy Kiyemba
- USAID/Defeat TB Project, University Research Co. LLC, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Abel Nkolo
- USAID/Defeat TB Project, University Research Co. LLC, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | | | | | - Stella Zawedde-Muyanja
- USAID/Defeat TB Project, University Research Co. LLC, Kampala, Uganda.,The Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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12
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Spies LA, Nanyonga RC, Nakaggwa F. Nurse-led interventions in the interim: waiting on universal health coverage. Int Nurs Rev 2020; 66:549-552. [PMID: 31721197 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to test a nurse-led intervention to enhance lifestyle modification and improve hypertension outcomes. BACKGROUND Hypertension is the leading modifiable contributor to non-communicable disease morbidity and mortality affecting more than 25% of adults in Uganda. METHODS A mixed-method study was conducted to evaluate nurse-led interventions for hypertension. Group education and support with text message follow-up was the bundled interventions implemented in an outpatient clinical setting. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS The statistically favourable outcomes of the nurse-led interventions support a cost-effective approach to, with policy support, sustainably improve practice outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Spies
- Baylor University Louise Herrington School of Nursing, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - R C Nanyonga
- Clarke International University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - F Nakaggwa
- Clarke International University, Kampala, Uganda
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13
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Galukande M, Nakaggwa F, Busisa E, Sekavuga Bbaale D, Nagaddya T, Coutinho A. Long term post PrePex male circumcision outcomes in an urban population in Uganda: a cohort study. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:522. [PMID: 29084559 PMCID: PMC5663120 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2845-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to determine the long term adverse events profile at least a year after safe male circumcision. Results A cohort study, investigating patients who had undergone a non surgical circumcision procedure called Prepex. The study variables included scar appearance and sexual experiences. Clients were contacted for a phone interview and data were collected using a questionnaire, for some, a physical examination was done. We obtained ethical committee approval. Data from 304 out of a possible 625 men were analyzed, the rest was lost to follow up. The follow up period was 12–24 months. The mean age was 28 years. Up to 97% were satisfied with the penile scar appearance and the absence of pain. There was no keloids formation, though one developed a hypertrophic scar. Participants reported improved sexual intercourse enjoyment (post circumcision). Up to 17% resumed sexual intercourse before the 6-week long mandatory abstinence period. The average self-reported healing time was 4.7 weeks. There was a high level of scar appearance satisfaction, there was no keloids formation. There was a perceived improvement of sexual enjoyment after circumcision. Trial registration ClinicalTrials. Gov Identifier: NCT02245126 (Date of registration: September 19, 2014)
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Affiliation(s)
- M Galukande
- International Hospital Kampala, P.O. Box 8177, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - F Nakaggwa
- International Health Sciences University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - E Busisa
- International Hospital Kampala, P.O. Box 8177, Kampala, Uganda
| | - D Sekavuga Bbaale
- Infectious Disease Institute, Makerere University Kampala, Kampala, Uganda
| | - T Nagaddya
- International Health Sciences University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - A Coutinho
- Infectious Disease Institute, Makerere University Kampala, Kampala, Uganda
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Galukande M, Duffy K, Bitega JP, Rackara S, Bbaale DS, Nakaggwa F, Nagaddya T, Wooding N, Dea M, Coutinho A. Adverse events profile of PrePex a non-surgical device for adult male circumcision in a Ugandan urban setting. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86631. [PMID: 24489754 PMCID: PMC3904949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Safe Male Circumcision is a proven approach for partial HIV prevention. Several sub Saharan African countries have plans to reach a prevalence of 80% of their adult males circumcised by 2015. These targets require out of ordinary organization, demand creation, timely execution and perhaps the use of SMC devices. Objective To profile Adverse Events rate and acceptance of PrePex, a non surgical device for adult male circumcision. Methods A prospective study, conducted at International Hospital Kampala, Uganda, between August and October 2012. Ethical approval was obtained from Uganda National Council of Science and Technology. Results Of 1,040 men received to undergo SMC, 678 opted for PrePex, 36 were excluded at an initial physical examination screening. 642 were enrolled and consented, and another 17 were excluded before device placement. 625 underwent the procedure. Average age was 24 years (±7). Twelve moderate AEs occurred among 10 participants 12/625, (1.9%). These were all reversible. Five had device displacement, one had an everted foreskin; five had bleeding after the device was removed and one had voiding difficulties. The majority (279 out of 300) of men interviewed complained of some pain within the week of placement. Mean pain score at device placement (using visual analogue scale) was 0.5, at device removal 4.5 and within 2 min of removal the pain score was 1.4. Over 70% of the devices were placed and removed by non-physician clinicians. Presented with a choice, 60% of men chose PrePex over surgical SMC. Close to 90% would recommend the device to their friends. Odour from the necrotic skin was a concern. Removals done 1–2 days earlier than day 7 were beneficial and conferred no extra risk. Conclusion AEs of a moderate or severe nature associated with PrePex were low and reversible. PrePex is feasible for mass safe male circumcision scaling up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses Galukande
- International Hospital Kampala, Kampala, Uganda
- Surgery Department, Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
- * E-mail:
| | - Kevin Duffy
- International Medical Group, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Sam Rackara
- International Hospital Kampala, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | - Teddy Nagaddya
- International Health Sciences University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Nick Wooding
- International Health Sciences University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Monica Dea
- Centre of Disease Control, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Alex Coutinho
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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