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Zhang Z, Vogelbacher F, Song Y, Tian Y, Li M. Bio-inspired optical structures for enhancing luminescence. Exploration (Beijing) 2023; 3:20220052. [PMID: 37933238 PMCID: PMC10624395 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20220052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Luminescence is an essential signal for many plants, insects, and marine organisms to attract the opposite sex, avoid predators, and so on. Most luminescent living organisms have ingenious optical structures which can help them get high luminescent performances. These remarkable and efficient structures have been formed by natural selection from long-time evolution. Researchers keenly observed the enhanced luminescence phenomena and studied how these phenomena happen in order to learn the characteristics of bio-photonics. In this review, we summarize the optical structures for enhancing luminescence and their applications. The structures are classified according to their different functions. We focus on how researchers use these biological inspirations to enhance different luminescence processes, such as chemiluminescence (CL), photoluminescence (PL), and electroluminescence (EL). It lays a foundation for further research on the applications of luminescence enhancement. Furthermore, we give examples of luminescence enhancement by bio-inspired structures in information encryption, biochemical detection, and light sources. These examples show that it is possible to use bio-inspired optical structures to solve complex problems in optical applications. Our work will provide guidance for research on biomimetic optics, micro- and nano-optical structures, and enhanced luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging TechnologyCapital Normal UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Florian Vogelbacher
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yang Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging TechnologyCapital Normal UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold of Ministry of EducationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP. R. China
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2
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Hou X, Vogelbacher F, Lai X, Li K, Song Y, Li M. Bioinspired multichannel colorful encryption through kirigami activating grating. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:276-283. [PMID: 36702683 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Optical encryption, exploiting degrees of freedom of light as parameters to encode and decode information, plays an indispensable role in our daily life. Responsive structural color materials can give real-time visible feedback to external stimuli and provide ideal candidates for optical encryption. However, the development of existing responsive structural color materials is hindered by poor repeatability and long feedback time. Meanwhile, there are only few strategies to exploit structural colors in multichannel information encryption. Herein, bioinspired by the structural color variation due to a change in angle arising from the movement of animal's scales or feathers, we developed a general multichannel information encryption strategy using a two-dimensional deformable kirigami arranging orientations of the grating arrays by design. The kirigami grating sheet shows rapid, repeatable, and programmable color change. This strategy utilizes the topological space deformation to guide the change of optical property, which suggests new possibilities for spatial and spectral encryption as well as mechano-sensing and camouflage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Hou
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Florian Vogelbacher
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xintao Lai
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaixuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold of the Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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3
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Zhang Z, Vogelbacher F, De J, Wang Y, Liao Q, Tian Y, Song Y, Li M. Directional Laser from Solution‐Grown Grating‐Patterned Perovskite Single‐Crystal Microdisks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205636. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Florian Vogelbacher
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jianbo De
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin University Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Qing Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Yang Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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Zhang Z, Vogelbacher F, De J, Wang Y, Liao Q, Yang T, Song Y, Li M. Directional Laser From Solution‐grown Grating‐patterned Perovskite Single‐crystal Microdisks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Zhang
- Institute of Chemistry CAS: Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Green Printing CHINA
| | - Florian Vogelbacher
- Institute of Chemistry CAS: Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Green Printing CHINA
| | - Jianbo De
- Tianjin University Institute of Molecular Plus CHINA
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Chemistry CAS: Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Green Printing CHINA
| | - Qing Liao
- Capital Normal University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Tian Yang
- Capital Normal University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Yanlin Song
- Institute of Chemistry CAS: Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Green Printing CHINA
| | - Mingzhu Li
- CAS Institute of Chemistry: Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key lab of Green Printing Zhongguancun North First Street 2 100190 Beijing CHINA
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5
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Vogelbacher F, Kothe T, Muellner P, Melnik E, Sagmeister M, Kraft J, Hainberger R. Waveguide Mach-Zehnder biosensor with laser diode pumped integrated single-mode silicon nitride organic hybrid solid-state laser. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 197:113816. [PMID: 34814031 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Single-mode organic solid-state lasers with direct emission into an optical waveguide are attractive candidates for cost-efficient coherent light sources employed in photonic lab-on-a-chip biosensors. Here, we present a combination of a dye-doped organic solid-state distributed feedback laser with a highly sensitive optical waveguide Mach-Zehnder interferometer on a silicon nitride photonic platform. This organic-hybrid laser allows for optical pumping with a laser diode in an alignment tolerant manner, which facilitates applications in point-of-care diagnostics. The sensitivity to bulk refractive index changes and the concentration dependent binding of streptavidin on a polyethyleneimine-biotin functionalized surface was studied to demonstrate the practicability of this cost-efficient coherent light source for optical waveguide biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Vogelbacher
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health & Bioresources, Giefinggasse 4, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Tim Kothe
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health & Bioresources, Giefinggasse 4, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Muellner
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health & Bioresources, Giefinggasse 4, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Melnik
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health & Bioresources, Giefinggasse 4, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Jochen Kraft
- ams AG, Tobelbader Straße 30, 8141, Premstätten, Austria
| | - Rainer Hainberger
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health & Bioresources, Giefinggasse 4, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
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Lai X, Ren Q, Vogelbacher F, Sha WEI, Hou X, Yao X, Song Y, Li M. Bioinspired Quasi-3D Multiplexed Anti-Counterfeit Imaging via Self-Assembled and Nanoimprinted Photonic Architectures. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2107243. [PMID: 34731906 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Innovative multiplexing technologies based on nano-optics for anti-counterfeiting have been proposed as overt and covert technologies to secure products and make them difficult to counterfeit. However, most of these nano-optical anti-counterfeiting materials are metasurfaces and metamaterials with complex and expensive fabrication process, often resulting in materials that are not damage tolerant. Highly efficient anti-counterfeiting technologies with easy fabrication process are targeted for intuitive and effective authentication of banknotes, secure documents, and goods packing. Here, a simple strategy exploiting self-assembling and nanoimprinting technique to fabricate a composite lattice photonic crystal architecture featuring full spatial control of light, multiplexed full-pixel imaging, and multichannel cryptography combined with customized algorithms is reported. In particular, the real-time encryption/recognition of mobile quick response codes and anti-counterfeiting labels on a postage stamp, encoded by the proposed photonic architecture, are both demonstrated. The wave optics of scattering, diffraction, and polarization process involved are also described, validated with numerical simulations and experiments. By introducing a new degree of freedom in the 3D space, the multichannel image switching exhibits unprecedented variability of encryption, providing a promising roadmap to achieve larger information capacity, better security, and higher definition for the benefit of modern anti-counterfeiting security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintao Lai
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qun Ren
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Florian Vogelbacher
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wei E I Sha
- Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Electronic Devices and Smart Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hou
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xi Yao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Zhengzhou University, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
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7
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Canals J, Franch N, Moro V, Moreno S, Prades JD, Romano-Rodríguez A, Bornemann S, Bezshlyakh DD, Waag A, Vogelbacher F, Schrittwieser S, Kluczyk-Korch K, Auf der Maur M, Di Carlo A, Diéguez A. A Novel Approach for a Chip-Sized Scanning Optical Microscope. Micromachines (Basel) 2021; 12:527. [PMID: 34066638 PMCID: PMC8148435 DOI: 10.3390/mi12050527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The recent advances in chip-size microscopy based on optical scanning with spatially resolved nano-illumination light sources are presented. This new straightforward technique takes advantage of the currently achieved miniaturization of LEDs in fully addressable arrays. These nano-LEDs are used to scan the sample with a resolution comparable to the LED sizes, giving rise to chip-sized scanning optical microscopes without mechanical parts or optical accessories. The operation principle and the potential of this new kind of microscope are analyzed through three different implementations of decreasing LED dimensions from 20 µm down to 200 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Canals
- Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (N.F.); (V.M.); (S.M.); (J.D.P.); (A.R.-R.); (A.D.)
| | - Nil Franch
- Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (N.F.); (V.M.); (S.M.); (J.D.P.); (A.R.-R.); (A.D.)
| | - Victor Moro
- Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (N.F.); (V.M.); (S.M.); (J.D.P.); (A.R.-R.); (A.D.)
| | - Sergio Moreno
- Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (N.F.); (V.M.); (S.M.); (J.D.P.); (A.R.-R.); (A.D.)
| | - Juan Daniel Prades
- Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (N.F.); (V.M.); (S.M.); (J.D.P.); (A.R.-R.); (A.D.)
| | - Albert Romano-Rodríguez
- Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (N.F.); (V.M.); (S.M.); (J.D.P.); (A.R.-R.); (A.D.)
| | - Steffen Bornemann
- Institute of Semiconductor Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (S.B.); (D.D.B.); (A.W.)
| | - Daria D. Bezshlyakh
- Institute of Semiconductor Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (S.B.); (D.D.B.); (A.W.)
| | - Andreas Waag
- Institute of Semiconductor Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (S.B.); (D.D.B.); (A.W.)
| | - Florian Vogelbacher
- Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (F.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Stefan Schrittwieser
- Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (F.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Kluczyk-Korch
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (K.K.-K.); (M.A.d.M.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Matthias Auf der Maur
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (K.K.-K.); (M.A.d.M.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Aldo Di Carlo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (K.K.-K.); (M.A.d.M.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Angel Diéguez
- Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (N.F.); (V.M.); (S.M.); (J.D.P.); (A.R.-R.); (A.D.)
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8
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Wang Y, Lan Y, Song Q, Vogelbacher F, Xu T, Zhan Y, Li M, Sha WEI, Song Y. Colorful Efficient Moiré-Perovskite Solar Cells. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2008091. [PMID: 33675259 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Light harvesting is crucial for thin-film solar cells. To substantially reduce optical loss in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), hierarchical light-trapping nano-architectures enable absorption enhancement to exceed the conventional upper limit and have great potential for achieving state-of-the art optoelectronic performances. However, it remains a great challenge to design and fabricate a superior hierarchical light-trapping nano-architecture, which exhibits extraordinary light-harvesting ability and simultaneously avoids deteriorating the electrical performance of PSCs. Herein, colorful efficient moiré-PSCs are designed and fabricated incorporating moiré interference structures by the imprinting method with the aid of a commercial DVD disc. It is experimentally and theoretically demonstrated that the light harvesting ability of the moiré interference structure can be well manipulated through changing the rotation angle (0°-90°). The boosted short-circuit current is credited to augment light diffraction channels, leading to elongated optical paths, and fold sunlight into the perovskite layer. Moreover, the imprinting process suppresses the trap sites and voids at the active-layer interfaces with eliminated hysteresis. The moiré-PSC with an optimized 30° rotation angle achieves the best enhancement of light harvesting (28.5% higher than the pristine), resulting in efficiencies over 20.17% (MAPbI3 ) and 21.76% ((FAPbI3 )1- x (MAPbBr3 )x ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yangjie Lan
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qian Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Florian Vogelbacher
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold of the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Wei E I Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Nevlacsil S, Muellner P, Maese-Novo A, Eggeling M, Vogelbacher F, Sagmeister M, Kraft J, Rank E, Drexler W, Hainberger R. Multi-channel swept source optical coherence tomography concept based on photonic integrated circuits. Opt Express 2020; 28:32468-32482. [PMID: 33114932 DOI: 10.1364/oe.404588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a novel concept for a multi-channel swept source optical coherence tomography (OCT) system based on photonic integrated circuits (PICs). At the core of this concept is a low-loss polarization dependent path routing approach allowing for lower excess loss compared to previously shown PIC-based OCT systems, facilitating a parallelization of measurement units. As a proof of concept for the low-loss path routing, a silicon nitride PIC-based single-channel swept source OCT system operating at 840 nm was implemented and used to acquire in-vivo tomograms of a human retina. The fabrication of the PIC was done via CMOS-compatible plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition to allow future monolithic co-integration with photodiodes and read-out electronics. A performance analysis using the results of the implemented photonic building blocks shows a potential tenfold increase of the acquisition speed for a multi-channel system compared to an ideal lossless single-channel system with the same signal-to-noise ratio.
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10
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Vogelbacher F, Sagmeister M, Kraft J, Zhou X, Huang J, Li M, Jiang KJ, Song Y, Unterrainer K, Hainberger R. Slot-Waveguide Silicon Nitride Organic Hybrid Distributed Feedback Laser. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18438. [PMID: 31804533 PMCID: PMC6895117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the major barriers for a widespread commercial uptake of silicon nitride photonic integrated circuits for cost-sensitive applications is the lack of low-cost monolithically integrated laser light sources directly emitting into single-mode waveguides. In this work, we demonstrate an optically pumped organic solid-state slot-waveguide distributed feedback laser designed for a silicon nitride organic hybrid photonic platform. Pulsed optical excitation of the gain medium is achieved by a 450 nm laser diode. The optical feedback for lasing is based on a second-order laterally coupled Bragg grating with a slot-waveguide core. Optimized material gain properties of the organic dye together with the increased modal gain of the laser mode arising from the improved overlap of the slot-waveguide geometry with the gain material enable single-mode lasing at a wavelength of 600 nm. The straightforward integration and operation with a blue laser diode leads to a cost-effective coherent light source for photonic integrated devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Vogelbacher
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health & Bioresources, Giefinggasse 4, 1210, Vienna, Austria. .,TU Wien, Photonics Institute, Gusshausstraße 27-29, 1040, Vienna, Austria.
| | | | - Jochen Kraft
- ams AG, Tobelbader Straße 30, 8141, Premstätten, Austria
| | - Xue Zhou
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Jinhua Huang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Jian Jiang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Karl Unterrainer
- TU Wien, Photonics Institute, Gusshausstraße 27-29, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer Hainberger
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health & Bioresources, Giefinggasse 4, 1210, Vienna, Austria
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11
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Vogelbacher F, Nevlacsil S, Sagmeister M, Kraft J, Unterrainer K, Hainberger R. Analysis of silicon nitride partial Euler waveguide bends. Opt Express 2019; 27:31394-31406. [PMID: 31684374 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.031394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present a detailed analysis of individual loss mechanisms in silicon nitride partial Euler bends at a wavelength of 850 nm. This structure optimizes the transmission through small radii optical waveguide bends. The partial Euler bend geometry balances losses arising from the transition from the straight to the bend waveguide mode and radiative losses of the bend waveguide mode. Numerical analyses are presented for 45-degree bends commonly employed in S-bend configurations to create lateral offsets, as well as 90- and 180-degree bends. Additionally, 90-degree partial Euler bends were fabricated on a silicon nitride photonic platform to experimentally complement the theoretical findings. The optimized waveguide bends allow for a reduced effective radius without increasing the total bend loss and, thus, enable a higher component density in photonic integrated circuits.
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12
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Vogelbacher F, Schotter J, Sagmeister M, Kraft J, Zhou X, Huang J, Li M, Jiang KJ, Song Y, Unterrainer K, Hainberger R. Integrated silicon nitride organic hybrid DFB laser with inkjet printed gain medium. Opt Express 2019; 27:29350-29356. [PMID: 31684671 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.029350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The provision of a coherent light source is a prerequisite for a variety of photonic integrated circuits. The integration of semiconductor laser diodes in disposable photonic devices in fields such as biosensing is, however, impeded by the competitive pricing in this application area. In this work, we demonstrate lasing of an alternative laser light source, namely an integrated hybrid organic solid-state distributed feedback laser for a silicon nitride photonic platform. The laser is optically pumped with a high power 450 nm laser diode and emits in the visible at 630 nm into a waveguide taper to reduce the cross-section to a single mode geometry. Inkjet printing of the organic gain medium enables a local, cost-effective, and flexible processing technology. The fabrication of the presented coherent light source is CMOS compatible and therefore highly interesting for co-integrated sensing platforms.
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