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Zhao X, Kolbinger FR, Distler M, Weitz J, Makarov D, Bachmann M, Baraban L. Portable droplet-based real-time monitoring of pancreatic α-amylase in postoperative patients. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 251:116034. [PMID: 38359666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Postoperative complications after pancreatic surgery are frequent and can be life-threatening. Current clinical diagnostic strategies involve time-consuming quantification of α-amylase activity in abdominal drain fluid, which is performed on the first and third postoperative day. The lack of real-time monitoring may delay adjustment of medical treatment upon complications and worsen prognosis for patients. We report a bedside portable droplet-based millifluidic device enabling real-time sensing of drain α-amylase activity for postoperative monitoring of patients undergoing pancreatic surgery. Here, a tiny amount of drain liquid of patient samples is continuously collected and co-encapsulated with a starch reagent in nanoliter-sized droplets to track the fluorescence intensity released upon reaction with α-amylase. Comparing the α-amylase levels of 32 patients, 97 % of the results of the droplet-based millifluidic system matched the clinical data. Our method reduces the α-amylase assay duration to approximately 3 min with the limit of detection 7 nmol/s·L, enabling amylase activity monitoring at the bedside in clinical real-time. The presented droplet-based platform can be extended for analysis of different body fluids, diseases, and towards a broader range of biomarkers, including lipase, bilirubin, lactate, inflammation, or liquid biopsy markers, paving the way towards new standards in postoperative patient monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinne Zhao
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V, 01328, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Fiona R Kolbinger
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav. Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Germany; Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), TUD Dresden University of Technology, Germany.
| | - Marius Distler
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav. Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| | - Jürgen Weitz
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav. Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Germany; Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), TUD Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| | - Denys Makarov
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V, 01328, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V, 01328, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Larysa Baraban
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V, 01328, Dresden, Germany; Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), TUD Dresden University of Technology, Germany.
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Rath RJ, Herrington JO, Adeel M, Güder F, Dehghani F, Farajikhah S. Ammonia detection: A pathway towards potential point-of-care diagnostics. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 251:116100. [PMID: 38364327 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Invasive methods such as blood collection and biopsy are commonly used for testing liver and kidney function, which are painful, time-consuming, require trained personnel, and may not be easily accessible to people for their routine checkup. Early diagnosis of liver and kidney diseases can prevent severe symptoms and ensure better management of these patients. Emerging approaches such as breath and sweat analysis have shown potential as non-invasive methods for disease diagnosis. Among the many markers, ammonia is often used as a biomarker for the monitoring of liver and kidney functions. In this review we provide an insight into the production and expulsion of ammonia gas in the human body, the different diseases that could potentially use ammonia as biomarker and analytical devices such as chemiresistive gas sensors for non-invasive monitoring of this gas. The review also provides an understanding into the different materials, doping agents and substrates used to develop such multifunctional sensors. Finally, the current challenges and the possible future trends have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronil J Rath
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Jack O Herrington
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Firat Güder
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Fariba Dehghani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia; The University of Sydney, Sydney Nano Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Syamak Farajikhah
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia; The University of Sydney, Sydney Nano Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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Shin K, Seong GM, Yoo JR, Kim ET. Rapid and sensitive point-of-care diagnosis of human cytomegalovirus infection using RPA-CRISPR technology. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28726. [PMID: 38586394 PMCID: PMC10998215 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common herpesvirus that can cause a range of symptoms, from mild conditions such as fevers to severe illnesses like pneumonia. Early and accurate diagnosis of HCMV infection is crucial, particularly for vulnerable populations with limited medical care. However, current diagnostic methods are often expensive, time-consuming, and require skilled technicians. Materials and methods We developed an HCMV-RPA-CRISPR diagnosis platform for the rapid and cost-effective detection of HCMV infection. This method utilizes recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) to amplify the HCMV target gene isothermally without the need for thermal cycling equipment. The platform integrates the CRISPR/Cas12a system, significantly enhancing specificity and sensitivity. A total of 13 clinical blood samples were tested to evaluate the platform's effectiveness and accuracy. Additionally, a lateral flow assay (LFA) and fluorescence detection were incorporated for straightforward and rapid visual interpretation of the results. Results The assay effectively detected concentrations as low as a single copy of the positive control plasmid per microliter in under 1 h, without requiring specialized equipment or training. In clinical sample evaluations, both the fluorescence readout and LFA exhibited 100% sensitivity and specificity, identifying four HCMV-positive and nine HCMV-negative samples. Conclusion The HCMV-RPA-CRISPR diagnosis platform is comparably effective to qPCR for HCMV diagnosis. Its applicability in common clinical laboratories, clinics, and point-of-care settings, particularly in resource-limited environments, makes it a valuable tool for widespread HCMV screening and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihye Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Republic of Korea
- Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University Core Research Institute, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil Myeong Seong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Tae Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Drug Development, Jeju National University Graduate School, Jeju, Republic of Korea
- Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University Core Research Institute, Jeju, Republic of Korea
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Strohmaier-Nguyen D, Horn C, Baeumner AJ. Sample-to-answer lateral flow assay with integrated plasma separation and NT-proBNP detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024:10.1007/s00216-024-05271-3. [PMID: 38589616 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05271-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Through enabling whole blood detection in point-of-care testing (POCT), sedimentation-based plasma separation promises to enhance the functionality and extend the application range of lateral flow assays (LFAs). To streamline the entire process from the introduction of the blood sample to the generation of quantitative immune-fluorescence results, we combined a simple plasma separation technique, an immunoreaction, and a micropump-driven external suction control system in a polymer channel-based LFA. Our primary objective was to eliminate the reliance on sample-absorbing separation membranes, the use of active separation forces commonly found in POCT, and ultimately allowing finger prick testing. Combining the principle of agglutination of red blood cells with an on-device sedimentation-based separation, our device allows for the efficient and fast separation of plasma from a 25-µL blood volume within a mere 10 min and overcomes limitations such as clogging, analyte adsorption, and blood pre-dilution. To simplify this process, we stored the agglutination agent in a dried state on the test and incorporated a filter trench to initiate sedimentation-based separation. The separated plasma was then moved to the integrated mixing area, initiating the immunoreaction by rehydration of probe-specific fluorophore-conjugated antibodies. The biotinylated immune complex was subsequently trapped in the streptavidin-rich detection zone and quantitatively analyzed using a fluorescence microscope. Normalized to the centrifugation-based separation, our device demonstrated high separation efficiency of 96% and a yield of 7.23 µL (= 72%). Furthermore, we elaborate on its user-friendly nature and demonstrate its proof-of-concept through an all-dried ready-to-go NT-proBNP lateral flow immunoassay with clinical blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Strohmaier-Nguyen
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Carina Horn
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, 68305, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Antje J Baeumner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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Hou J, Wang J, Han J, Wang J, Chao D, Dong Q, Fan D, Dong S. An intelligent ratiometric fluorescent assay based on MOF nanozyme-mediated tandem catalysis that guided by contrary logic circuit for highly sensitive sarcosine detection and smartphone-based portable sensing application. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 249:116035. [PMID: 38244294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
As the well-known test-indicator for early prostate cancer (PCa), sarcosine (SA) is closely related to the differential pathological process, which makes its accurate determination increasingly significant. Herein, we for the first time expanded the peroxidase (POD)-like property of facile-synthesized Zn-TCPP(Fe) MOF to fluorescent substrates and exploited it to ratiometric fluorescent (RF) sensing. By harnessing the effective catalytic oxidation of MOF nanozyme toward two fluorescent substrates (Scopoletin, SC; Amplex Red, AR) with contrary changes, and target-responsive (SA + SOx)/MOF/(SC + AR) tandem catalytic reaction, we constructed the first MOF nanozyme-based RF sensor for the quantitative determination of SA. Superior to previous works, the operation of this RF sensor is under the guidance of AND-(AND^NAND) contrary logic circuit. The dual-channel binary output changes (from 1/0 to 0/1) not only enable the intelligent logical recognition of SA, bringing strengthened reliability and accuracy, but also manifest the proof-of-concept discrimination of PCa individuals and healthy ones. Through recording the fluorescence alterations of SC (F465) and AR (F585), two segments of linear relationships between ratiometric values (F585/F465) and varied contents of SA are realized successfully. The LOD for SA could reach to as low as 39.98 nM, which outperforms all nanozyme-originated SA sensors reported till now. Moreover, this sensor also demonstrates high selectivity and satisfactory performance in human serum samples. Furthermore, the portable sensing of SA is realized under the assistance of smartphone-based RGB analysis, demonstrating the potential of point-of-care diagnostics of PCa in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Hou
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China
| | - Jiawen Han
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China
| | - Juan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China; Intelligent Wearable Engineering Research Center of Qingdao, Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Daiyong Chao
- Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Qing Dong
- Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Daoqing Fan
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China; State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.
| | - Shaojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
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Kanagavalli P, Eissa S. Redox probe-free electrochemical immunosensor utilizing electropolymerized melamine on reduced graphene oxide for the point-of-care diagnosis of gastric cancer. Talanta 2024; 270:125549. [PMID: 38157735 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Pepsinogen I (PG I) is a biomarker that plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of gastric cancer. The development of biosensor to monitor PG I overexpression in serum is crucial for early gastric cancer diagnosis, offering a less invasive alternative to the costly and uncomfortable gastroscopy procedure. This study presents a cost-efficient, scalable and disposable label-free biosensing strategy for detecting PG I, utilizing a redox-active polymelamine electrodeposited on a reduced graphene oxide screen-printed electrode surface (PM-rGO/SPE). Under optimized conditions, the conducting polymer PM was deposited on the rGO/SPE via a potentiodynamic method. The structural and morphological features of PM-rGO/SPE were analyzed with the assistance of Raman and Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis. Specific monoclonal anti-PG I antibodies were immobilized on the in situ prepared redox-active layer via EDC/NHS chemistry to develop a novel electrochemical immunosensor. Unlike the traditional immunosensing strategies which utilizes external redox probe solution for measuring the signal, the developed configuration allowed for redox-probe free monitoring of current changes of the redox active PM resulting from the formation of the immunocomplex on the electrode surface. Utilizing this method, PG I detection spanned a clinically relevant concentration range of 0.01-200 ng/mL, with a low limit of detection at 9.1 pg/mL. The electrochemical immunosensor demonstrated specificity against other biomarkers such as PDCD1, ErBb2, and CD28 with negligible interference. The immunosensor exhibited excellent recovery capabilities for PG I detection in serum samples. These findings underscore the potential of the PM-rGO/SPE immunosensor as a point-of-care diagnostic tool for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandiyaraj Kanagavalli
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shimaa Eissa
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates; Advanced Materials Chemistry Center (AMCC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates.
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7
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Fu L, Karimi-Maleh H. Leveraging electrochemical sensors to improve efficiency of cancer detection. World J Clin Oncol 2024; 15:360-366. [PMID: 38576591 PMCID: PMC10989266 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i3.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical biosensors have emerged as a promising technology for cancer detection due to their high sensitivity, rapid response, low cost, and capability for non-invasive detection. Recent advances in nanomaterials like nanoparticles, graphene, and nanowires have enhanced sensor performance to allow for cancer biomarker detection, like circulating tumor cells, nucleic acids, proteins and metabolites, at ultra-low concentrations. However, several challenges need to be addressed before electrochemical biosensors can be clinically implemented. These include improving sensor selectivity in complex biological media, device miniaturization for implantable applications, integration with data analytics, handling biomarker variability, and navigating regulatory approval. This editorial critically examines the prospects of electrochemical biosensors for efficient, low-cost and minimally invasive cancer screening. We discuss recent developments in nanotechnology, microfabrication, electronics integration, multiplexing, and machine learning that can help realize the potential of these sensors. However, significant interdisciplinary efforts among researchers, clinicians, regulators and the healthcare industry are still needed to tackle limitations in selectivity, size constraints, data interpretation, biomarker validation, toxicity and commercial translation. With committed resources and pragmatic strategies, electrochemical biosensors could enable routine early cancer detection and dramatically reduce the global cancer burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Fu
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hassan Karimi-Maleh
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan Province, China
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1102 2801, Lebanon
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Eremina OE, Yarenkov NR, Bikbaeva GI, Kapitanova OO, Samodelova MV, Shekhovtsova TN, Kolesnikov IE, Syuy AV, Arsenin AV, Volkov VS, Tselikov GI, Novikov SM, Manshina AA, Veselova IA. Silver nanoparticle-based SERS sensors for sensitive detection of amyloid-β aggregates in biological fluids. Talanta 2024; 266:124970. [PMID: 37536108 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis is the production, aggregation, and deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a promising analytical technique capable of providing valuable information on chemical composition and molecule conformations in biological samples. However, one of the main challenges for introducing the SERS technique into the practice is preparation of scalable and at the same time stable nanostructured sensors with uniform spatial distribution of nanoparticles. Herein, we propose SERS platforms for reproducible, sensitive, label-free quantification of amyloid-β aggregates for short-wavelength - 532 and 633 nm - lasers. A SERS sensor - based on silver nanoparticles immobilized into a chitosan film (AgNP/CS) - provided a uniform distribution of AgNPs from a colloidal suspension across the SERS sensor, resulting in nanomolar limits of detection (LODs) for Aβ42 aggregates with a portable 532 nm laser. The laser-induced deposition was used to obtain denser periodic plasmonic sensors (AgNP/LID) with a uniform nanoparticle distribution. The AgNP/LID SERS sensor allowed for 15 pM LOD for Aβ42 aggregates with 633 nm laser. Notably, both nanostructured substrates allowed to distinguish amyloid aggregates from monomers. Therefore, our approach demonstrated applicability of SERS for detection of macromolecular volumetric objects as amyloid-β aggregates for fundamental biological studies as well as for "point-of-care" diagnostics and screening for early stages of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga E Eremina
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Nikita R Yarenkov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gulia I Bikbaeva
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olesya O Kapitanova
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | | | | | - Ilya E Kolesnikov
- Center for Optical and Laser Materials Research, Research Park, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander V Syuy
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia; Institute of High Technologies and Advanced Materials of the Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Aleksey V Arsenin
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia; Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Valentyn S Volkov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia; Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Gleb I Tselikov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Sergey M Novikov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Alina A Manshina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina A Veselova
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Tung-Chen Y, García de Casasola Sánchez G, García Rubio S, Beltrán Romero L, Bernabéu Wittel M, Briongos Figuero LS, Canora Lebrato J, García Gil D, López Palmero S, Luordo Tedesco D, Martín Rico P, Mateos González M, Méndez Bailón M, Porcel JM, Serralta G, Torres Arrese M, Oteiza Olaso J, Varela García P, Torres Macho J. Executive summary of the consensus document for the training and development of clinical ultrasound in Internal Medicine: Recommendations from the Clinical Ultrasound Working Group of the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine (GTECO-SEMI). Rev Clin Esp 2024; 224:57-63. [PMID: 38142977 DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Given the increasing adoption of clinical ultrasound in medicine, it is essential to standardize its application, training, and research. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS The purpose of this document is to provide consensus recommendations to address questions about the practice and operation of clinical ultrasound units. Nineteen experts and leaders from advanced clinical ultrasound units participated. A modified Delphi consensus method was used. RESULTS A total of 137 consensus statements, based on evidence and expert opinion, were considered. The statements were distributed across 10 areas, and 99 recommendations achieved consensus. CONCLUSIONS This consensus defines the most important aspects of clinical ultrasound in the field of Internal Medicine, with the aim of standardizing and promoting this healthcare advancement in its various aspects. The document has been prepared by the Clinical Ultrasound Working Group and endorsed by the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yale Tung-Chen
- Coordinador del Grupo de Trabajo de Ecografía Clínica de la Sociedad Española de Medina Interna (GTECo-SEMI), Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | - Luis Beltrán Romero
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | | | - Jesús Canora Lebrato
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel García Gil
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Complejo Hospitalario-Puerta del Mar (Hospital San Carlos), Cádiz, Spain
| | | | | | | | - María Mateos González
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Infanta Cristina de Parla, Parla, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Méndez Bailón
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IDISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Porcel
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Arnau de Vilanova, Lérida, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Serralta
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastian de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Torres Arrese
- Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario Fundación de Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Oteiza Olaso
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Pablo Varela García
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Complejo Universitario Hospital de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Juan Torres Macho
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
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Yamani HZ, Safwat N, Mahmoud AM, Ayad MF, Abdel-Ghany MF, Gomaa MM. Point-of-care diagnostics for rapid determination of prostate cancer biomarker sarcosine: application of disposable potentiometric sensor based on oxide-conductive polymer nanocomposite. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:5451-5462. [PMID: 37389600 PMCID: PMC10444660 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04818-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
One of the most important reasons for an increased mortality rate of cancer is late diagnosis. Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic sensors can provide rapid and cost-effective diagnosis and monitoring of cancer biomarkers. Portable, disposable, and sensitive sarcosine solid-contact ion-selective potentiometric sensors (SC-ISEs) were fabricated as POC analyzers for the rapid determination of the prostate cancer biomarker sarcosine. Tungsten trioxide nanoparticles (WO3 NPs), polyaniline nanoparticles (PANI NPs), and PANI-WO3 nanocomposite were used as ion-to-electron transducers on screen-printed sensors. WO3 NPs and PANI-WO3 nanocomposite have not been investigated before as ion-to-electron transducer layers in potentiometric SC sensors. The designated sensors were characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR, UV-VIS spectroscopy, and EIS. The inclusion of WO3 and PANI in SC sensors enhanced the transduction at the interface between the screen-printed SC and the ion-selective membrane, offering lower potential drift, a longer lifetime, shorter response time, and better sensitivity. The proposed sarcosine sensors exhibited Nernstian slopes over linear response ranges 10-3-10-7 M, 10-3-10-8 M, 10-5-10-9 M, and 10-7-10-12 M for control, WO3 NPs, PANI NPs, and PANI-WO3 nanocomposite-based sensors, respectively. From a comparative point of view between the four sensors, PANI-WO3 nanocomposite inclusion offered the lowest potential drift (0.5 mV h-1), the longest lifetime (4 months), and the best LOD (9.95 × 10-13 M). The proposed sensors were successfully applied to determine sarcosine as a potential prostate cancer biomarker in urine without prior sample treatment steps. The WHO ASSURED criteria for point-of-care diagnostics are met by the proposed sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend Z Yamani
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Nardine Safwat
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Amr M Mahmoud
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Miriam F Ayad
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Maha F Abdel-Ghany
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M Gomaa
- Solid State Physics Department, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
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11
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Uno N, Li Z, Avery L, Sfeir MM, Liu C. CRISPR gel: A one-pot biosensing platform for rapid and sensitive detection of HIV viral RNA. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1262:341258. [PMID: 37179057 PMCID: PMC10187225 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
CRISPR technology has recently emerged as a powerful biosensing tool for sensitive and specific nucleic acid detection when coupled with isothermal amplification (e.g., recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)). However, it remains a challenge to incorporate isothermal amplification into CRISPR detection in a one-pot system due to their poor compatibility. Here, we developed a simple CRISPR gel biosensing platform for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA detection by combining reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) reaction solution with a CRISPR gel. In our CRISPR gel biosensing platform, CRISPR-Cas12a enzymes are embedded into the agarose gel, providing a spatially separated but connected reaction interface with the RT-RPA reaction solution. During isothermal incubation, the RT-RPA amplification occurs initially on the CRISPR gel. When RPA products are sufficiently amplified and reach the CRISPR gel, the CRISPR reaction occurs in the whole tube. With the CRISPR gel biosensing platform, we successfully detected down to 30 copies of HIV RNA per test within 30 min. Furthermore, we validated its clinical utility by detecting HIV clinical plasma samples, achieving superior performance compared with the real-time RT-PCR method. Thus, our one-pot CRISPR gel biosensing platform demonstrates great potential for rapid and sensitive molecular detection of HIV and other pathogens at the point of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Uno
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Ziyue Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, 260 Glenbrook Road, Storrs, CT, 06029, USA
| | - Lori Avery
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Maroun M Sfeir
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Changchun Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
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12
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Wang S, Li B, McLeod D, Li Z. A handheld plug-and-play microfluidic liquid handling automation platform for immunoassays. HardwareX 2023; 14:e00420. [PMID: 37153756 PMCID: PMC10160774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2023.e00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Lab-on-a-chip technologies and microfluidics have pushed miniaturized liquid handling to unprecedented precision, integration, and automation, which improved the reaction efficiency of immunoassays. However, most microfluidic immunoassay systems still require bulky infrastructures, such as external pressure sources, pneumatic systems, and complex manual tubing and interface connections. Such requirements prevent plug-and-play operation at the point-of-care (POC) settings. Here we present a fully automated handheld general microfluidic liquid handling automation platform with a plug-and-play 'clamshell-style' cartridge socket, a miniature electro-pneumatic controller, and injection-moldable plastic cartridges. The system achieved multi-reagent switching, metering, and timing control on the valveless cartridge using electro-pneumatic pressure control. As a demonstration, a SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody sandwich fluorescent immunoassay (FIA) liquid handling was performed on an acrylic cartridge without human intervention after sample introduction. A fluorescence microscope was used to analyze the result. The assay showed a limit of detection at 31.1 ng/mL, comparable to some previously reported enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). In addition to automated liquid handling on the cartridge, the system can operate as a 6-port pressure source for external microfluidic chips. A rechargeable battery with a 12 V 3000 mAh capacity can power the system for 42 h. The footprint of the system is 16.5 × 10.5 × 7 cm, and the weight is 801 g, including the battery. The system can find many other POC and research applications requiring complex liquid manipulation, such as molecular diagnostics, cell analysis, and on-demand biomanufacturing.
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13
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Roychoudhury A, Dear JW, Kersaudy-Kerhoas M, Bachmann TT. Amplification-free electrochemical biosensor detection of circulating microRNA to identify drug-induced liver injury. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 231:115298. [PMID: 37054598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major challenge in clinical medicine and drug development. There is a need for rapid diagnostic tests, ideally at point-of-care. MicroRNA 122 (miR-122) is an early biomarker for DILI which is reported to increase in the blood before standard-of-care markers such as alanine aminotransferase activity. We developed an electrochemical biosensor for diagnosis of DILI by detecting miR-122 from clinical samples. We used electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for direct, amplification free detection of miR-122 with screen-printed electrodes functionalised with sequence specific peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes. We studied the probe functionalisation using atomic force microscopy and performed elemental and electrochemical characterisations. To enhance the assay performance and minimise sample volume requirements, we designed and characterised a closed-loop microfluidic system. We presented the EIS assay's specificity for wild-type miR-122 over non-complementary and single nucleotide mismatch targets. We successfully demonstrated a detection limit of 50 pM for miR-122. Assay performance could be extended to real samples; it displayed high selectivity for liver (miR-122 high) comparing to kidney (miR-122 low) derived samples extracted from murine tissue. Finally, we successfully performed an evaluation with 26 clinical samples. Using EIS, DILI patients were distinguished from healthy controls with a ROC-AUC of 0.77, a comparable performance to qPCR detection of miR-122 (ROC-AUC: 0.83). In conclusion, direct, amplification free detection of miR-122 using EIS was achievable at clinically relevant concentrations and in clinical samples. Future work will focus on realising a full sample-to-answer system which can be deployed for point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Appan Roychoudhury
- Infection Medicine, Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - James W Dear
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Maïwenn Kersaudy-Kerhoas
- Infection Medicine, Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK; Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Till T Bachmann
- Infection Medicine, Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK.
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14
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Kahn M, Van Der Pol B. Advances in Diagnostics of Sexually Transmitted Infections. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2023:S0891-5520(23)00012-0. [PMID: 36931991 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are caused by various pathogens, many of which have common symptoms. Diagnostic tests are critical to supporting clinical evaluations in making patient management decisions. Molecular diagnostics are the preferred test type when available, especially in asymptomatic patients for many STIs. However, for some infections, serology offers the best insight into infectious status. Clinicians should be aware of the performance characteristics of the available STI diagnostic tests and understand how to use them. Point-of-care tests are helpful to implement rapid and accurate treatment responses, which are particularly helpful in certain at-risk populations.
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15
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Soliman SS, Mahmoud AM, Elghobashy MR, Zaazaa HE, Sedik GA. Point-of-care electrochemical sensor for selective determination of date rape drug "ketamine" based on core-shell molecularly imprinted polymer. Talanta 2023; 254:124151. [PMID: 36463800 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Misuse of illicit drugs is a serious problem that became the primary concern for many authorities worldwide. Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tools can provide accurate and fast screening information that helps to detect illicit drugs in a short time. A portable, disposable and reproducible core-shell molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) screen-printed sensor was synthesized as a POC analyzer for the assay of the date rape drug "ketamine hydrochloride" in different matrices. Firstly, the screen-printed electrode substrate was modified electrochemically with polyaniline (PANI) as an ion-to-electron transducer interlayer to improve the potential signal stability. Secondly, core-shell MIP was prepared, the core consisting of silica nanoparticles prepared by Stober's method, while the MIP shell was synthesized onto silica nanoparticles surface by copolymerizing methacrylic acid functional monomer and the crossing agent; ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of ketamine as a template molecule. Finally, the core-shell MIP was incorporated into the PVC membrane as an ionophore and drop-casted over PANI modified screen-printed carbon electrode. The imprinting process and the morphology of MIP were examined using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic methods. The sensor exhibited a short response time within 3-5 s in a pH range (2.0-5.0). The potential profile indicated a linear relationship in a dynamic concentration range of 1.0 × 10-6 M to 1.0 × 10-2 M with a slope of 54.7 mV/decade. The sensor was employed to determine ketamine in biological matrices and beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shymaa S Soliman
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, October 6 City, Giza, 12858, Egypt
| | - Amr M Mahmoud
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr-El Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R Elghobashy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, October 6 City, Giza, 12858, Egypt; Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr-El Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Hala E Zaazaa
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr-El Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Ghada A Sedik
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr-El Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
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16
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Song M, Wong MC, Li L, Guo F, Liu Y, Ma Y, Lao X, Wang P, Chen H, Yang M, Hao J. Rapid point-of-care detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA with smartphone-based upconversion luminescence diagnostics. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 222:114987. [PMID: 36495722 PMCID: PMC9721270 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Accurate COVID-19 screening via molecular technologies is still hampered by bulky instrumentation, complicated procedure, high cost, lengthy testing time, and the need for specialized personnel. Herein, we develop point-of-care upconversion luminescence diagnostics (PULD), and a streamlined smartphone-based portable platform facilitated by a ready-to-use assay for rapid SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) gene testing. With the complementary oligo-modified upconversion nanoprobes and gold nanoprobes specifically hybridized with the target N gene, the luminescence resonance energy transfer effect leads to a quenching of fluorescence intensity that can be detected by the easy-to-use diagnostic system. A remarkable detection limit of 11.46 fM is achieved in this diagnostic platform without the need of target amplification, demonstrating high sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of the assay. The capability of the developed PULD is further assessed by probing 9 RT-qPCR-validated SARS-CoV-2 variant clinical samples (B.1.1.529/Omicron) within 20 min, producing reliable diagnostic results consistent with those obtained from a standard fluorescence spectrometer. Importantly, PULD is capable of identifying the positive COVID-19 samples with superior sensitivity and specificity, making it a promising front-line tool for rapid, high-throughput screening and infection control of COVID-19 or other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Song
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man-Chung Wong
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yingjing Ma
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinyue Lao
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Honglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mo Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianhua Hao
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China,Corresponding author
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17
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Streif S, Neckermann P, Spitzenberg C, Weiss K, Hoecherl K, Kulikowski K, Hahner S, Noelting C, Einhauser S, Peterhoff D, Asam C, Wagner R, Baeumner AJ. Liposome-based high-throughput and point-of-care assays toward the quick, simple, and sensitive detection of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in patient sera. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:1421-35. [PMID: 36754874 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04548-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 2019 caused an increased interest in neutralizing antibody tests to determine the immune status of the population. Standard live-virus-based neutralization assays such as plaque-reduction assays or pseudovirus neutralization tests cannot be adapted to the point-of-care (POC). Accordingly, tests quantifying competitive binding inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 by neutralizing antibodies have been developed. Here, we present a new platform using sulforhodamine B encapsulating liposomes decorated with RBD as foundation for the development of both a fluorescent, highly feasible high-throughput (HTS) and a POC-ready neutralizing antibody assay. RBD-conjugated liposomes are incubated with serum and subsequently immobilized in an ACE2-coated plate or mixed with biotinylated ACE2 and used in test strip with streptavidin test line, respectively. Polyclonal neutralizing human antibodies were shown to cause complete binding inhibition, while S309 and CR3022 human monoclonal antibodies only caused partial inhibition, proving the functionality of the assay. Both formats, the HTS and POC assay, were then tested using 20 sera containing varying titers of neutralizing antibodies, and a control panel of sera including prepandemic sera and reconvalescent sera from respiratory infections other than SARS-CoV-2. Both assays correlated well with a standard pseudovirus neutralization test (r = 0.847 for HTS and r = 0.614 for POC format). Furthermore, excellent correlation (r = 0.868) between HTS and POC formats was observed. The flexibility afforded by liposomes as signaling agents using different dyes and sizes can hence be utilized in the future for a broad range of multianalyte neutralizing antibody diagnostics.
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18
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Pennisi I, Moniri A, Miscourides N, Miglietta L, Moser N, Habgood-Coote D, Herberg JA, Levin M, Kaforou M, Rodriguez-Manzano J, Georgiou P. Discrimination of bacterial and viral infection using host-RNA signatures integrated in a lab-on-chip platform. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 216:114633. [PMID: 36081245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The unmet clinical need for accurate point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests able to discriminate bacterial from viral infection demands a solution that can be used both within healthcare settings and in the field, and that can also stem the tide of antimicrobial resistance. Our approach to solve this problem combine the use of host gene signatures with our Lab-on-a-Chip (LoC) technology enabling low-cost POC expression analysis to detect Infectious Disease. Transcriptomics have been extensively investigated as a potential tool to be implemented in the diagnosis of infectious disease. On the other hand, LoC technologies using ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET), in conjunction with isothermal chemistries, are offering a promising alternative to conventional amplification instruments, owing to their portable and affordable nature. Currently, the data analysis of ISFET arrays are restricted to established methods by averaging the output of every sensor to give a single time-series. This simple approach makes unrealistic assumptions, leading to insufficient performance for applications that require accurate quantification such as Host-Transcriptomics. In order to reliably quantify transcripts on our LoC platform enabling the classification of infectious disease on-chip, we propose a novel data-driven algorithm for extracting time-to-positive values from ISFET arrays. The algorithm proposed correctly outputs a time-to-positive for all the reactions, with a high correlation to RT-qLAMP (0.85, R2 = 0.98, p < 0.01), resulting in a classification accuracy of 100% (CI, 95-100%). This work aims to bridge the gap between translating assays from microarray analysis to ISFET arrays providing benefits on tackling infectious disease and diagnostic testing in hard-to-reach areas of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Pennisi
- Centre for Bio-Inspired Technology, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, UK; Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ahmad Moniri
- Centre for Bio-Inspired Technology, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Nicholas Miscourides
- Centre for Bio-Inspired Technology, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Luca Miglietta
- Centre for Bio-Inspired Technology, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, UK; Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nicolas Moser
- Centre for Bio-Inspired Technology, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Dominic Habgood-Coote
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jethro A Herberg
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Levin
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Myrsini Kaforou
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Pantelis Georgiou
- Centre for Bio-Inspired Technology, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
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19
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Nicklen FD, Diaz AJ, Lu J, Patel ST, Zheng EM, Campbell VR, Wu BM, Kamei DT. Application of the aqueous two-phase system and nanozyme signal enhancement for the improved detection of Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase in serum. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:7949-7956. [PMID: 36169675 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04346-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is an infectious disease that can cause severe sickness and death if not diagnosed and treated in a timely manner. The current gold standard technique for malaria diagnosis is microscopy, which requires a dedicated laboratory setting and trained personnel and can have a long time to result. These requirements can be alleviated using paper-based diagnostic devices that enable rapid and inexpensive diagnosis at the point of care, which can allow patients to receive treatment before their symptoms progress when used for early detection of diseases. The lateral-flow immunoassay (LFA) is one such device, but currently available LFAs are susceptible to false negative results caused by low parasite density. To improve sensitivity and detection, we utilized the aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) to concentrate and purify the sample, and nanozyme signal enhancement to increase the intensity of the visible signal on the test strip. We were able to achieve a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.01 ng/mL for the malaria biomarker Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) in human serum using a multi-step assay combining the LFA format with the ATPS and nanozyme signal enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances D Nicklen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Alexia J Diaz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jiakun Lu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Salil T Patel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Elaine M Zheng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Veronica R Campbell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Benjamin M Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Division of Advanced Prosthodontics & Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Daniel T Kamei
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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20
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Pourang S, Sekhon UDS, Disharoon D, Ahuja SP, Suster MA, Sen Gupta A, Mohseni P. Assessment of fibrinolytic status in whole blood using a dielectric coagulometry microsensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 210:114299. [PMID: 35533507 PMCID: PMC10124761 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Rapid assessment of the fibrinolytic status in whole blood at the point-of-care/point-of-injury (POC/POI) is clinically important to guide timely management of uncontrolled bleeding in patients suffering from hyperfibrinolysis after a traumatic injury. In this work, we present a three-dimensional, parallel-plate, capacitive sensor - termed ClotChip - that measures the temporal variation in the real part of blood dielectric permittivity at 1 MHz as the sample undergoes coagulation within a microfluidic channel with <10 μL of total volume. The ClotChip sensor features two distinct readout parameters, namely, lysis time (LT) and maximum lysis rate (MLR) that are shown to be sensitive to the fibrinolytic status in whole blood. Specifically, LT identifies the time that it takes from the onset of coagulation for the fibrin clot to mostly dissolve in the blood sample during fibrinolysis, whereas MLR captures the rate of fibrin clot lysis. Our findings are validated through correlative measurements with a rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) assay of clot viscoelasticity, qualitative/quantitative assessments of clot stability, and scanning electron microscope imaging of clot ultrastructural changes, all in a tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)-induced fibrinolytic environment. Moreover, we demonstrate the ClotChip sensor ability to detect the hemostatic rescue that occurs when the tPA-induced upregulated fibrinolysis is inhibited by addition of tranexamic acid (TXA) - a potent antifibrinolytic drug. This work demonstrates the potential of ClotChip as a diagnostic platform for rapid POC/POI assessment of fibrinolysis-related hemostatic abnormalities in whole blood to guide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Pourang
- Department of Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Ujjal D S Sekhon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Dante Disharoon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Sanjay P Ahuja
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Michael A Suster
- Department of Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Anirban Sen Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| | - Pedram Mohseni
- Department of Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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21
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Mirzajani H, Abbasiasl T, Mirlou F, Istif E, Bathaei MJ, Dağ Ç, Deyneli O, Yazıcı D, Beker L. An ultra-compact and wireless tag for battery-free sweat glucose monitoring. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 213:114450. [PMID: 35688025 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Glucose monitoring before, during, and after exercise is essential for people with diabetes as exercise increases the risk of activity-induced hyper- and hypo-glycemic events. The situation is even more challenging for athletes with diabetes as they have impaired metabolic control compared to sedentary individuals. In this regard, a compact and noninvasive wearable glucose monitoring device that can be easily worn is critical to enabling glucose monitoring. This report presents an ultra-compact glucose tag with a footprint and weight of 1.2 cm2 and 0.13 g, respectively, for sweat analysis. The device comprises a near field communication (NFC) chip, antenna, electrochemical sensor, and microfluidic channels implemented in different material layers. The device has a flexible and conformal structure and can be easily attached to different body parts. The battery-less operation of the device was enabled by NFC-based wireless power transmission and the compact antenna. Femtosecond laser ablation was employed to fabricate a highly compact and flexible NFC antenna. The proposed device demonstrated excellent operating characteristics with a limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), and sensitivity of 24 μM, 74 μM, and 1.27 μA cm-2 mM-1, respectively. The response of the proposed sensor in sweat glucose detection and quantification was validated by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Also, the device's capability in attachment to the body, sweat collection, and glucose measurement was demonstrated through in vitro and in vivo experiments, and satisfactory results were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Mirzajani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - Taher Abbasiasl
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - Fariborz Mirlou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - Emin Istif
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Javad Bathaei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - Çağdaş Dağ
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey; Nanofabrication and Nanocharacterization Centre for Scientific and Technological Advanced Research, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey; Koç University İşBank Centre for Infectious Diseases, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - Oğuzhan Deyneli
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Koç University Hospital, Topkapı Caddesi, Zeytinburnu, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Yazıcı
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Koç University Hospital, Topkapı Caddesi, Zeytinburnu, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Levent Beker
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey; Koç University Research Center for Translational Research (KUTTAM), Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey.
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22
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Ravi N, Chang SE, Franco LM, Nagamani SCS, Khatri P, Utz PJ, Wang SX. A GMR-based assay for quantification of the human response to influenza. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 205:114086. [PMID: 35192997 PMCID: PMC8986584 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Detecting and quantifying the host transcriptional response to influenza virus infection can serve as a real-time diagnostic tool for clinical management. We have employed the multiplexing capabilities of GMR sensors to develop a novel assay based on the influenza metasignature (IMS), which can classify influenza infection based on transcript levels. We show that the assay can reliably detect ten IMS transcripts and distinguish subjects with naturally acquired influenza infection from those with other symptomatic viral infections (AUC 0.93, 95% CI: 0.82-1.00). Separately, we validated that the gene IFI27, not included in the IMS panel, has very high single-biomarker accuracy (AUC 0.95, 95% CI: 0.90-0.99) in stratifying patients with influenza. We demonstrate that a portable GMR biosensor can be used as a tool to diagnose influenza infection by measuring the host response, simultaneously highlighting the power of immune system metrics and advancing the field of gene expression-based diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraja Ravi
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 93405, USA.
| | - Sarah E Chang
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Luis M Franco
- Functional Immunogenomics Unit, Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Sandesh C S Nagamani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Purvesh Khatri
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Division of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Paul J Utz
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Shan X Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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23
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Kang T, Lu J, Yu T, Long Y, Liu G. Advances in nucleic acid amplification techniques (NAATs): COVID-19 point-of-care diagnostics as an example. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 206:114109. [PMID: 35245867 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Achieving superhigh sensitivity is the ultimate goal for bio-detection in modern analytical science and life science. Among variable signal amplification strategies, nucleic acid amplification technologies are revolutionizing the field of bio-detection, providing greater possibilities in novel diagnosis achieving high efficiency, specificity, and cost-effectiveness. Nucleic acid amplification techniques (NAATs), such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Rolling Circle Amplification (RCA), Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP), Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA), CRISPR-related amplification, and others are dominating methods employed in research and clinical settings. They each provide distinctively unique features that can offer desirable performance in terms of sensitivity, specificity, simplicity, stability, and cost. NAATs are in unmet demand in molecular diagnosis, especially in point-of-care scenario. This review will discuss the principles and recent advancements of each NAAT, respectively, revealing their strengths and challenges in achieving rapid and accurate bio-detection with a focus on point-of-care diagnosis. Furthermore, this review will explore the application of each of the technologies through the contemporary COVID-19 pandemic, analyzing their ability in point-of-care diagnosis of the COVID-19 with high sensitivity to emphasize significance of developing NAATs based methods in battling COVID-19. Finally, advantages and potentials of each NAAT in enhancements of sensitivity and specificity in bio-detection from bench side to the bedside will be discussed, aiming for full exploitation of capability of each NAAT. This review will provide novel aspects in the selection and combination of usages of various NAATs based on their distinctive characteristics and limitations. A possible advancing direction of future accurate POCT is also proposed.
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24
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Vogelbacher F, Kothe T, Muellner P, Melnik E, Sagmeister M, Kraft J, Hainberger R. Waveguide Mach-Zehnder biosensor with laser diode pumped integrated single-mode silicon nitride organic hybrid solid-state laser. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 197:113816. [PMID: 34814031 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Single-mode organic solid-state lasers with direct emission into an optical waveguide are attractive candidates for cost-efficient coherent light sources employed in photonic lab-on-a-chip biosensors. Here, we present a combination of a dye-doped organic solid-state distributed feedback laser with a highly sensitive optical waveguide Mach-Zehnder interferometer on a silicon nitride photonic platform. This organic-hybrid laser allows for optical pumping with a laser diode in an alignment tolerant manner, which facilitates applications in point-of-care diagnostics. The sensitivity to bulk refractive index changes and the concentration dependent binding of streptavidin on a polyethyleneimine-biotin functionalized surface was studied to demonstrate the practicability of this cost-efficient coherent light source for optical waveguide biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Vogelbacher
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health & Bioresources, Giefinggasse 4, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Tim Kothe
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health & Bioresources, Giefinggasse 4, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Muellner
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health & Bioresources, Giefinggasse 4, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Melnik
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health & Bioresources, Giefinggasse 4, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Jochen Kraft
- ams AG, Tobelbader Straße 30, 8141, Premstätten, Austria
| | - Rainer Hainberger
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health & Bioresources, Giefinggasse 4, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
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25
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Cao XE, Ongagna-Yhombi SY, Wang R, Ren Y, Srinivasan B, Hayden JA, Zhao Z, Erickson D, Mehta S. A diagnostic platform for rapid, simultaneous quantification of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in human serum. EBioMedicine 2022; 76:103867. [PMID: 35149284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Early and accurate determination of bacterial infections as a potential cause for a patient's systemic inflammatory response is required for timely administration of appropriate treatment and antibiotic stewardship. Procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) have both been used as biomarkers to infer bacterial infections, particularly in the context of sepsis. There is an urgent need to develop a platform for simultaneous quantification of PCT and CRP, to enable the potential use of these biomarkers at the point-of-care. Methods A multiplexed lateral flow assay (LFA) and a fluorescence optical reader were developed. Assay performance was validated by testing spiked antigens in the buffer, followed by a validation study comparing results with conventional assays (Roche Cobas e411 Elecsys PCT and Siemens ADVIA XPT CRP) in 25 archived remnant human serum samples. Findings A linear regression correlation of 0·97 (P < 0·01) was observed for PCT, and a correlation of 0·95 (P < 0·01) was observed for CRP using direct patient samples. We also validated our platform's ability to accurately quantify high-dose CRP in the hook effect range where excess unlabeled analytes occupy binding sites at test lines. Interpretation A fluorescence reader-based duplex LFA for simultaneous quantification of PCT and CRP was developed and successfully validated with clinical samples. The rapid, portable, and low-cost nature of the platform offers potential for differentiation of bacterial and viral infections in emergency and low-resource settings at the point-of-care. Funding NIH/NIBIB Award 1R01EB021331, and Academic Venture Fund from the Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future at Cornell University.
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26
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Pilecky M, Harm S, Bauer C, Zottl J, Emprechtinger R, Eichhorn T, Schildböck C, Ecker M, Willheim M, Weber V, Hartmann J. Performance of lateral flow assays for SARS-CoV-2 compared to RT-qPCR. J Infect 2022; 84:579-613. [PMID: 35033581 PMCID: PMC8758200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael Ecker
- University Hospital Krems, Clinical Institute for Laboratory Medicine
| | - Martin Willheim
- University Hospital St. Poelten, Clinical Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Karl Landsteiner Private University for Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
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27
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Min J, Allen M, Castro CM, Lee H, Weissleder R, Im H. Computational Optics for Point-of-Care Breast Cancer Profiling. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2393:153-162. [PMID: 34837178 PMCID: PMC9283060 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1803-5_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the global burden of cancer on the rise, it is critical to developing new modalities that could detect cancer and guide targeted treatments in fast and inexpensive ways. The need for such technologies is vital, especially in underserved regions where severe diagnostic bottlenecks exist. Recently, we developed a low-cost digital diagnostic system for breast cancer using fine-needle aspirates (FNAs). Named, AIDA (artificial intelligence diffraction analysis), the system combines lens-free digital diffraction imaging with deep-learning algorithms to achieve automated, rapid, and high-throughput cellular analyses for breast cancer diagnosis of FNA and subtype classification for better-guided treatments (Min et al. ACS Nano 12:9081-9090, 2018). Although primarily validated for breast cancer and lymphoma (Min et al. ACS Nano 12:9081-9090, 2018; Im et al. Nat Biomed Eng 2:666-674, 2018), the system could be easily adapted to diagnosing other prevalent cancers and thus find widespread use for global health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jouha Min
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Allen
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cesar M Castro
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hakho Lee
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hyungsoon Im
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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28
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Rink S, Kaiser B, Steiner MS, Duerkop A, Baeumner AJ. Highly sensitive interleukin 6 detection by employing commercially ready liposomes in an LFA format. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:3231-3241. [PMID: 34773470 PMCID: PMC8590136 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03750-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have confirmed the ubiquitous applicability of lateral flow assays (LFA) in point-of-care testing (POCT). To make this technology available for low abundance analytes, strategies towards lower limits of detections (LOD), while maintaining the LFA’s ease of use, are still being sought. Here, we demonstrate how liposomes can significantly improve the LOD of traditional gold nanoparticle (AuNP)–based assays while fully supporting a ready-to-use system for commercial application. We fine-tuned liposomes towards photometric and fluorescence performance on the synthesis level and applied them in an established interleukin 6 (IL-6) immunoassay normally using commercial AuNP labels. IL-6’s low abundance (< 10 pg mL−1) and increasing relevance as prognostic marker for infections make it an ideal model analyte. It was found that liposomes with a high encapsulant load (150 mmol L−1 sulforhodamine B (SRB)) easily outperform AuNPs in photometric LFAs. Specifically, liposomes with 350 nm in diameter yield a lower LOD even in complex matrices such as human serum below the clinically relevant range (7 pg mL−1) beating AuNP by over an order of magnitude (81 pg mL−1). When dehydrated on the strip, liposomes maintained their signal performance for over a year even when stored at ambient temperature and indicate extraordinary stability of up to 8 years when stored as liquid. Whereas no LOD improvement was obtained by exploiting the liposomes’ fluorescence, an extraordinary gain in signal intensity was achieved upon lysis which is a promising feature for high-resolution and low-cost detection devices. Minimizing the procedural steps by inherently fluorescent liposomes, however, is not feasible. Finally, liposomes are ready for commercial applications as they are easy to mass-produce and can simply be substituted for the ubiquitously used AuNPs in the POCT market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Rink
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Kaiser
- Microcoat Biotechnologie GmbH, 82347, Bernried am Starnberger See, Germany
| | | | - Axel Duerkop
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Antje J Baeumner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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29
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Yadav M, Liu J, Song F, Mo X, Jacob NR, Xu-Welliver M, Chakravarti A, Jacob NK. Utility of circulating microRNA-150 for rapid evaluation of bone marrow depletion after radiation, and efficiency of bone marrow reconstitution. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 112:964-974. [PMID: 34767935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.10.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Total body irradiation (TBI) is a common myeloablative preparative regimen used in acute myeloid and lymphoblastic leukemia patients prior to allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The inefficient clearance of tumor cells and radiation-induced toxicity to normal tissues is attributed to relapse and morbidity in a significant fraction of patients. Developing biomarkers that provide an individual's physiological response to radiation will allow personalized treatment and follow-up. We investigated the utility of circulating microRNA150-5p (miR150) for evaluation of radiation dose response. MATERIALS AND METHODS Age-, gender-, and strain-matched wild type and miR150 null (knock out, KO) mice were subjected to TBI and evaluated for the impact of circulating miR150 expression on survival and hematological endpoints. Dose- and time-dependent changes of the miR150 level in bone marrow were assessed using flow cytometry. The functional roles of miR150 in cellular response to radiation were evaluated using apoptosis assay. miR150 expression in leukemic cell lines and in blood collected from leukemia patients with diverse outcomes were evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS Absence of miR150 in mice conferred resistance to radiation injury and resulted in accelerated recovery of lymphoid and myeloid cells after ablative or partially ablative TBI in mice. Overexpression of miR150 resulted in a higher percentage of cells at G2/M phases of cell cycle which is associated with increased sensitivity and susceptibility to apoptotic cell death after radiation. Levels of circulating miR150 were found to be decreased after radiation in leukemia patients and exhibited an inverse correlation with recurrence. CONCLUSION Current study demonstrates the utility of a miR150-based blood test for rapid evaluation of the efficiency of marrow ablation and recovery following radiation and HSCT. The internally controlled blood test will potentially provide near real-time evaluation of functional marrow that will allow optimal dosing based on an individual's physiological response to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marshleen Yadav
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joseph Liu
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Feifei Song
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Center for Biostatistics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Nitya R Jacob
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Meng Xu-Welliver
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Arnab Chakravarti
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Naduparambil K Jacob
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
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Mollasalehi H, Vahedipour N, Taghvamanesh A, Minai-Tehrani D. Development of one-pot single specific primer-LAMP (SSP-LAMP) for identification of Shigella genus using 16S rDNA. Anal Biochem 2021; 636:114452. [PMID: 34762873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ribosomal RNA gene as a high-copy number nucleo-biomarker is extremely conserved among bacteria which limits its application to the discriminative detection approaches. We have developed a colorimetric isothermal amplification method called "single specific primer-LAMP (SSP-LAMP)" requiring only one specific primer for the amplification of the target and applied to the identification of the 16S rRNA gene in the Shigella genus. A region with high sequence homology in the genus and low homology with other bacteria was considered as the most appropriate. In that regard, a 23 bp sequence in the 16S rRNA gene of the genus was targeted based on the alignment of the gene with fifty-three closely related bacterial species, and a single specific primer along with five degenerate primers were designed. Using hydroxy-naphthol blue (HNB) as an indicator and gel electrophoresis, the proposed approach of SSP-LAMP was able to detect S. boydii, S. sonnei, S. flexneri and S. dysenteriae specifically while other species remained unidentified. The SSP-LAMP method could provide a rapid one-pot point-of-care method for molecular diagnostics of pathogens in many circumstances mainly samples with high genetic homogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Mollasalehi
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran.
| | - Narges Vahedipour
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
| | - Ahang Taghvamanesh
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
| | - Dariush Minai-Tehrani
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
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31
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Cetin AE, Kocer ZA, Topkaya SN, Yazici ZA. Handheld plasmonic biosensor for virus detection in field-settings. Sens Actuators B Chem 2021; 344:130301. [PMID: 34149185 PMCID: PMC8206576 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2021.130301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
After World Health Organization (WHO) announced COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic, we all again realized the importance of developing rapid diagnostic kits. In this article, we introduced a lightweight and field-portable biosensor employing a plasmonic chip based on nanohole arrays integrated to a lensfree-imaging framework for label-free detection of viruses in field-settings. The platform utilizes a CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) camera with high quantum efficiency in the spectral window of interest to monitor diffraction field patterns of nanohole arrays under the uniform illumination of an LED (light-emitting diode) source which is spectrally tuned to the plasmonic mode supported by the nanohole arrays. As an example for the applicability of our biosensor for virus detection, we could successfully demonstrate the label-free detection of H1N1 viruses, e.g., swine flu, with medically relevant concentrations. We also developed a low-cost and easy-to-use sample preparation kit to prepare the surface of the plasmonic chip for analyte binding, e.g., virus-antibody binding. In order to reveal a complete biosensor technology, we also developed a user friendly Python™ - based graphical user interface (GUI) that allows direct access to biosensor hardware, taking and processing diffraction field images, and provides virus information to the end-user. Employing highly sensitive nanohole arrays and lensfree-imaging framework, our platform could yield an LOD as low as 103 TCID50/mL. Providing accurate and rapid sensing information in a handheld platform, weighing only 70 g and 12 cm tall, without the need for bulky and expensive instrumentation, our biosensor could be a very strong candidate for diagnostic applications in resource-poor settings. As our detection scheme is based on the use of antibodies, it could quickly adapt to the detection of different viral diseases, e.g., COVID-19 or influenza, by simply coating the plasmonic chip surface with an antibody possessing affinity to the virus type of interest. Possessing this ability, our biosensor could be swiftly deployed to the field in need for rapid diagnosis, which may be an important asset to prevent the spread of diseases before turning into a pandemic by isolating patients from the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif E Cetin
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Balcova, Izmir, 35340, Turkey
| | - Zeynep A Kocer
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Balcova, Izmir, 35340, Turkey
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35340, Turkey
| | - Seda Nur Topkaya
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Cigli, Izmir, 35620, Turkey
| | - Ziya Ata Yazici
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Cankaya, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
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Bacchus P, Nissen K, Berg J, Bråve A, Gyll J, Larsson C, Muradrasoli S, Tellström A, Salaneck E. Civil-Military Collaboration to Facilitate Rapid Deployment of a Mobile Laboratory in Early Response to COVID-19: A High-Readiness Exercise. Health Secur 2021; 19:488-497. [PMID: 34542343 DOI: 10.1089/hs.2021.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid and adaptable diagnostic capabilities are of great importance in the face of emerging infectious diseases. In an outbreak, timely establishment of diagnostic routines is crucial to identifying cases and preventing the spread of the disease, especially when faced with high-consequence pathogens. In this article, we describe a multiagency exercise including the rapid deployment and diagnostic adaptation of the Swedish Armed Forces mobile laboratory (biological field analysis laboratory) in the context of COVID-19. This deployment was initiated as a high-readiness exercise at the end of January 2020, when the global development of the outbreak was still uncertain. Through collaboration with the Public Health Agency of Sweden and a civilian hospital, a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction method specific to SARS-CoV-2 was made available and adapted to the mobile laboratory, and the team established and evaluated a functional and efficient diagnostic asset along with a logistical support chain. We also organized and evaluated mobile testing teams, and the method was later used in large-scale, national, cross-sectional COVID-19 surveys in several regions of Sweden. In this article, we focus on the challenges of overbridging the civil-military interface in this context and identifying lessons learned and added values to the response during the early pandemic. We propose that the experiences from this exercise and governmental agency collaboration are valuable in preparation for future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Bacchus
- Philip Bacchus, MSci, is a Commander, Swedish Navy; Johanna Berg is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases; Jenny Gyll, MSci, is a Biology Expert; and Christer Larsson, PhD, and Andreas Tellström, MSci, are Laboratory Engineers; all at the Swedish Armed Forces National CBRN Defence Centre, Umeå, Sweden. Karolina Nissen, MD, is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases, and Erik Salaneck, MD, PhD, is an Associate Professor; both in the Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Andreas Bråve, PhD, is Deputy Head of Department and Shaman Muradrasoli, PhD, is Head of Unit; both at the Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden. Erik Salaneck is also Associate Professor, Swedish Armed Forces Centre for Defence Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karolina Nissen
- Philip Bacchus, MSci, is a Commander, Swedish Navy; Johanna Berg is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases; Jenny Gyll, MSci, is a Biology Expert; and Christer Larsson, PhD, and Andreas Tellström, MSci, are Laboratory Engineers; all at the Swedish Armed Forces National CBRN Defence Centre, Umeå, Sweden. Karolina Nissen, MD, is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases, and Erik Salaneck, MD, PhD, is an Associate Professor; both in the Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Andreas Bråve, PhD, is Deputy Head of Department and Shaman Muradrasoli, PhD, is Head of Unit; both at the Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden. Erik Salaneck is also Associate Professor, Swedish Armed Forces Centre for Defence Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johanna Berg
- Philip Bacchus, MSci, is a Commander, Swedish Navy; Johanna Berg is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases; Jenny Gyll, MSci, is a Biology Expert; and Christer Larsson, PhD, and Andreas Tellström, MSci, are Laboratory Engineers; all at the Swedish Armed Forces National CBRN Defence Centre, Umeå, Sweden. Karolina Nissen, MD, is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases, and Erik Salaneck, MD, PhD, is an Associate Professor; both in the Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Andreas Bråve, PhD, is Deputy Head of Department and Shaman Muradrasoli, PhD, is Head of Unit; both at the Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden. Erik Salaneck is also Associate Professor, Swedish Armed Forces Centre for Defence Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andreas Bråve
- Philip Bacchus, MSci, is a Commander, Swedish Navy; Johanna Berg is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases; Jenny Gyll, MSci, is a Biology Expert; and Christer Larsson, PhD, and Andreas Tellström, MSci, are Laboratory Engineers; all at the Swedish Armed Forces National CBRN Defence Centre, Umeå, Sweden. Karolina Nissen, MD, is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases, and Erik Salaneck, MD, PhD, is an Associate Professor; both in the Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Andreas Bråve, PhD, is Deputy Head of Department and Shaman Muradrasoli, PhD, is Head of Unit; both at the Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden. Erik Salaneck is also Associate Professor, Swedish Armed Forces Centre for Defence Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jenny Gyll
- Philip Bacchus, MSci, is a Commander, Swedish Navy; Johanna Berg is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases; Jenny Gyll, MSci, is a Biology Expert; and Christer Larsson, PhD, and Andreas Tellström, MSci, are Laboratory Engineers; all at the Swedish Armed Forces National CBRN Defence Centre, Umeå, Sweden. Karolina Nissen, MD, is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases, and Erik Salaneck, MD, PhD, is an Associate Professor; both in the Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Andreas Bråve, PhD, is Deputy Head of Department and Shaman Muradrasoli, PhD, is Head of Unit; both at the Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden. Erik Salaneck is also Associate Professor, Swedish Armed Forces Centre for Defence Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christer Larsson
- Philip Bacchus, MSci, is a Commander, Swedish Navy; Johanna Berg is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases; Jenny Gyll, MSci, is a Biology Expert; and Christer Larsson, PhD, and Andreas Tellström, MSci, are Laboratory Engineers; all at the Swedish Armed Forces National CBRN Defence Centre, Umeå, Sweden. Karolina Nissen, MD, is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases, and Erik Salaneck, MD, PhD, is an Associate Professor; both in the Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Andreas Bråve, PhD, is Deputy Head of Department and Shaman Muradrasoli, PhD, is Head of Unit; both at the Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden. Erik Salaneck is also Associate Professor, Swedish Armed Forces Centre for Defence Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Shaman Muradrasoli
- Philip Bacchus, MSci, is a Commander, Swedish Navy; Johanna Berg is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases; Jenny Gyll, MSci, is a Biology Expert; and Christer Larsson, PhD, and Andreas Tellström, MSci, are Laboratory Engineers; all at the Swedish Armed Forces National CBRN Defence Centre, Umeå, Sweden. Karolina Nissen, MD, is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases, and Erik Salaneck, MD, PhD, is an Associate Professor; both in the Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Andreas Bråve, PhD, is Deputy Head of Department and Shaman Muradrasoli, PhD, is Head of Unit; both at the Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden. Erik Salaneck is also Associate Professor, Swedish Armed Forces Centre for Defence Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andreas Tellström
- Philip Bacchus, MSci, is a Commander, Swedish Navy; Johanna Berg is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases; Jenny Gyll, MSci, is a Biology Expert; and Christer Larsson, PhD, and Andreas Tellström, MSci, are Laboratory Engineers; all at the Swedish Armed Forces National CBRN Defence Centre, Umeå, Sweden. Karolina Nissen, MD, is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases, and Erik Salaneck, MD, PhD, is an Associate Professor; both in the Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Andreas Bråve, PhD, is Deputy Head of Department and Shaman Muradrasoli, PhD, is Head of Unit; both at the Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden. Erik Salaneck is also Associate Professor, Swedish Armed Forces Centre for Defence Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Salaneck
- Philip Bacchus, MSci, is a Commander, Swedish Navy; Johanna Berg is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases; Jenny Gyll, MSci, is a Biology Expert; and Christer Larsson, PhD, and Andreas Tellström, MSci, are Laboratory Engineers; all at the Swedish Armed Forces National CBRN Defence Centre, Umeå, Sweden. Karolina Nissen, MD, is a Specialist, Infectious Diseases, and Erik Salaneck, MD, PhD, is an Associate Professor; both in the Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Andreas Bråve, PhD, is Deputy Head of Department and Shaman Muradrasoli, PhD, is Head of Unit; both at the Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden. Erik Salaneck is also Associate Professor, Swedish Armed Forces Centre for Defence Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Mwaura M, Engel N. Constructing confidence: User perspectives on AlereLAM testing for tuberculosis. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 112:237-242. [PMID: 34525399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) in people living with HIV (PLHIV) is challenging due to atypical clinical and radiological presentation and higher rates of sputum-negative or extrapulmonary disease. Urine LAM is a promising diagnostic biomarker to address these challenges. Yet, AlereLAM, a World Health Organization-recommended point-of-care (POC) test of this kind, remains underutilized. This study aimed to understand perspectives and experiences of those using AlereLAM. METHODS Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with clinicians, nurses, program officers, laboratory staff, and patient advocates in Uganda, Kenya, and South Africa. Discussed topics included the approach to diagnosing TB, and experiences, perspectives, and country policy of AlereLAM testing. RESULTS The POC-friendly characteristics of AlereLAM require more work to be realized. Although limited by relatively low sensitivity and specificity, AlereLAM has important value for identifying TB in people with advanced HIV disease, especially when the environment enables constructing confidence in the test. The initial communication about the low performance by global agencies, restrictive eligibility criteria, reliance on CD4+ testing, and lack of advocacy and awareness were noted as reasons for its slow uptake. CONCLUSION The work of operationalizing diagnostics, including constructing confidence, is important to consider for policymakers, implementers, and funders when assessing acceptability, feasibility, and scale-up of a diagnostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthoni Mwaura
- Department of Health, Ethics & Society; Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nora Engel
- Department of Health, Ethics & Society; Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Gerth-Guyette E, Adissu W, Brito M, Garbin E, Macedo M, Sharma A, Das S, Lacerda MVG, Pereira D, Talukdar A, Yilma D, Pal S, Zobrist S, Domingo GJ. Usability of a point-of-care diagnostic to identify glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: a multi-country assessment of test label comprehension and results interpretation. Malar J 2021; 20:307. [PMID: 34238299 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-021-03803-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Point-of-care glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) testing has the potential to make the use of radical treatment for vivax malaria safer and more effective. Widespread use of G6PD tests as part of malaria case management has been limited, in part due to due concerns regarding product usability, user training, and supervision. This study seeks to assess how well end users can understand the Standard™ G6PD Test (SD Biosensor, Suwon, South Korea) workflow, result output, and label after training. This will ultimately help inform test registration and introduction. Methods Potential G6PD test users who provide malaria case management at three sites in Brazil, Ethiopia, and India were trained on the use of the SD Biosensor Standard G6PD Test and assessed based on their ability to understand the test workflow and interpret results. The assessment was done through a questionnaire, designed to assess product usability against key technical product specifications and fulfill regulatory evidence requirements. Any participant who obtained 85% or above correct responses to the questionnaire was considered to adequately comprehend how to use and interpret the test. Results Forty-five participants, including malaria microscopists, laboratory staff, nurses, and community health workers took part in the study. Seventy-eight percent of all participants in the study (35/45) obtained passing scores on the assessment with minimal training. Responses to the multiple-choice questions indicate that most participants understood well the test intended use, safety claims, and warnings. The greatest source of error regarding the test was around the correct operating temperature. Most test results were also read and interpreted correctly, with the haemoglobin measurement being a more problematic output to interpret than the G6PD measurement. Conclusions These data results show how a standardized tool can be used to assess a user’s ability to run a point-of-care diagnostic and interpret results. When applied to the SD Biosensor Standard G6PD Test, this tool demonstrates that a range of users across multiple contexts can use the test and suggests improvements to the test instructions and training that can improve product usability, increase user comprehension, and ultimately contribute to more widespread effective use of point-of-care G6PD tests. Trial registration: NCT04033640
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Egloff S, Melnychuk N, Reisch A, Martin S, Klymchenko AS. Enzyme-free amplified detection of cellular microRNA by light-harvesting fluorescent nanoparticle probes. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 179:113084. [PMID: 33601133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Detection of cellular microRNA biomarkers is an emerging powerful tool in cancer diagnostics. Currently, it requires multistep tedious protocols based on molecular amplification of the RNA target, e.g. RT-qPCR. Here, we developed a one-step enzyme-free method for microRNA detection in cellular extracts based on light-harvesting nanoparticle (nanoantenna) biosensors. They amplify the fluorescence signal by effective Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from ultrabright dye-loaded polymeric nanoparticle to a single acceptor and thus convert recognition of one microRNA copy (through nucleic acid strand displacement) into a response of >400 dyes. The developed nanoprobes of 17-19 nm diameter for four microRNAs (miR-21, let-7f, miR-222 and miR-30a) exhibit outstanding brightness (up to 3.8 × 107 M-1cm-1) and ratiometric sequence-specific response to microRNA with the limit of detection (LOD) down to 1.3 pM (21 amol), equivalent to 24 RT-qPCR cycles. They enable quantitative detection of the four microRNAs in RNA extracts from five cancerous cell lines (human breast cancer - T47D and MCF7, head and neck cancer - CAL33 and glioblastoma - LNZ308 and U373) and two non-cancerous ones (Hek293 and MCF10A), in agreement with RT-qPCR. The results confirmed that let-7f and especially miR-21 are systematically overexpressed in all studied cancerous cell lines. These nanoparticle biosensors are compatible with low-cost portable fluorometers and small detection volumes (11 amol LOD), opening a route to rapid point-of-care cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Egloff
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route Du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Nina Melnychuk
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route Du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route Du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Sophie Martin
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route Du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route Du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch, France.
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Hwang C, Park N, Kim ES, Kim M, Kim SD, Park S, Kim NY, Kim JH. Ultra-fast and recyclable DNA biosensor for point-of-care detection of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 185:113177. [PMID: 33915435 PMCID: PMC7987504 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rapid diagnosis and case isolation are pivotal to controlling the current pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this study, a label-free DNA capacitive biosensor for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 that demonstrates real-time, low-cost, and high-throughput screening of nucleic acid samples is presented. Our novel biosensor composed of the interdigitated platinum/titanium electrodes on the glass substrate can detect the hybridization of analyte DNA with probe DNA. The hybridization signals of specific DNA sequences were verified through exhaustive physicochemical analytical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, contact-angle analysis, and capacitance-frequency measurements. For a single-step hybridized reaction, the fabricated kit exhibited significant sensitivity (capacitance change, ΔC = ~2 nF) in detecting the conserved region of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene with high sensitivity of 0.843 nF/nM. In addition to capacitive measurements, this selective detection was confirmed by the fluorescence image and intensity from a SARS-CoV-2 gene labeled with a fluorescent dye. We also demonstrated that the kits are recyclable by surface ozone treatment using UV irradiation. Thus, these kits could potentially be applied to various types of label-free DNA, thereby acting as rapid, cost-effective biosensors for several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuljin Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea
| | - Nakkyun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea
| | - Eun Seong Kim
- Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, South Korea
| | - Miran Kim
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, South Korea
| | - Su Dong Kim
- Graduate School of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutics, Ajou University, Suwon,16499, South Korea
| | - Sungjun Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea.
| | - Nam Young Kim
- Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, South Korea; Graduate School of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutics, Ajou University, Suwon,16499, South Korea.
| | - Joo Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea; Graduate School of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutics, Ajou University, Suwon,16499, South Korea.
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Birader K, Kumar P, Tammineni Y, Barla JA, Reddy S, Suman P. Colorimetric aptasensor for on-site detection of oxytetracycline antibiotic in milk. Food Chem 2021; 356:129659. [PMID: 33812186 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC), one of the largely used antibiotic in veterinary practice has been banned due to its potential side effects. Development of a field applicable and affordable kit to detect OTC will help to eliminate such milk from human consumption. An aptamer has been designed (27 nt; Kd = 29.2 ± 19.4 nM) through rational truncation. OTC interacts with this aptamer in G rich regions as confirmed by molecular modelling and circular dichroism spectroscopy. To develop a lateral flow based aptasensor, OTC was conjugated with a 7 kDa carrier protein to immobilize onto the nitrocellulose membrane. Using 0.125 µM aptamer-gold conjugate, assay could visually detects upto 5 ng/mL of OTC in spiked milk within 10 mins [Limit of quantitation (LOQ)-0.254 ± 1.62 ng/mL; permissible limit 100 ng/mL]. It showed no cross reactivity with components of milk and data correlated with analysis done through HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Birader
- Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology Hyderabad, 500032, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology Hyderabad, 500032, India
| | - Yathirajarao Tammineni
- Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology Hyderabad, 500032, India
| | - Jeannie Alice Barla
- Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology Hyderabad, 500032, India
| | - Shashidhar Reddy
- Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology Hyderabad, 500032, India
| | - Pankaj Suman
- Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology Hyderabad, 500032, India.
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Zhou L, Zhang L, Yang L, Ni W, Li Y, Wu Y. Tandem reassembly of split luciferase-DNA chimeras for bioluminescent detection of attomolar circulating microRNAs using a smartphone. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 173:112824. [PMID: 33229132 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Detection of dysregulated circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in human biofluids is a fundamental ability to determine tumor occurrence and metastasis in a minimally invasive fashion. However, the requirements for sophisticated instruments and professional personnel impede the translation of miRNA tests into routine clinical diagnostics, especially for resource-limited regions. Herein, we developed a DNA-guided bioluminescence strategy for the detection of circulating miRNAs. In this strategy, a pair of split luciferase-DNA chimeras was constructed and integrated into the miRNA-triggered rolling circle amplification (RCA) process. The tandem reassembly of split luciferase-DNA chimeras on the RCA products elicited a turn-on bioluminescence response with ultrahigh signal-to-background (S/B) ratio. This strategy enabled smartphone-based assays for different miRNAs with attomolar sensitivity and single-base specificity, as demonstrated here for miR-21. miR-148b, and cel-miR-39. Further application of our approach to the clinical serum samples realized identification of dysregulated miR-21 and miR-148b in the lung cancer patients, showing a satisfactory agreement with the control assays performed with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Therefore, the developed method possesses the benefits of high performance and reliability, offering a potential tool for implementing miRNA-based diagnosis in point-of-care (POC) settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Linling Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Liu Yang
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, PR China
| | - Wei Ni
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, PR China.
| | - Yong Li
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
| | - Yunhua Wu
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
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Paul R, Ostermann E, Wei Q. Advances in point-of-care nucleic acid extraction technologies for rapid diagnosis of human and plant diseases. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 169:112592. [PMID: 32942143 PMCID: PMC7476893 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Global health and food security constantly face the challenge of emerging human and plant diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other pathogens. Disease outbreaks such as SARS, MERS, Swine Flu, Ebola, and COVID-19 (on-going) have caused suffering, death, and economic losses worldwide. To prevent the spread of disease and protect human populations, rapid point-of-care (POC) molecular diagnosis of human and plant diseases play an increasingly crucial role. Nucleic acid-based molecular diagnosis reveals valuable information at the genomic level about the identity of the disease-causing pathogens and their pathogenesis, which help researchers, healthcare professionals, and patients to detect the presence of pathogens, track the spread of disease, and guide treatment more efficiently. A typical nucleic acid-based diagnostic test consists of three major steps: nucleic acid extraction, amplification, and amplicon detection. Among these steps, nucleic acid extraction is the first step of sample preparation, which remains one of the main challenges when converting laboratory molecular assays into POC tests. Sample preparation from human and plant specimens is a time-consuming and multi-step process, which requires well-equipped laboratories and skilled lab personnel. To perform rapid molecular diagnosis in resource-limited settings, simpler and instrument-free nucleic acid extraction techniques are required to improve the speed of field detection with minimal human intervention. This review summarizes the recent advances in POC nucleic acid extraction technologies. In particular, this review focuses on novel devices or methods that have demonstrated applicability and robustness for the isolation of high-quality nucleic acid from complex raw samples, such as human blood, saliva, sputum, nasal swabs, urine, and plant tissues. The integration of these rapid nucleic acid preparation methods with miniaturized assay and sensor technologies would pave the road for the "sample-in-result-out" diagnosis of human and plant diseases, especially in remote or resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Paul
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Emily Ostermann
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Qingshan Wei
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA; Emerging Plant Disease and Global Food Security Cluster, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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Perez-Plazola MS, Tyburski EA, Smart LR, Howard TA, Pfeiffer A, Ware RE, Lam WA, McGann PT. AnemoCheck-LRS: an optimized, color-based point-of-care test to identify severe anemia in limited-resource settings. BMC Med 2020; 18:337. [PMID: 33190639 PMCID: PMC7667733 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01793-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe anemia is common and frequently fatal for hospitalized patients in limited-resource settings. Lack of access to low-cost, accurate, and rapid diagnosis of anemia impedes the delivery of life-saving care and appropriate use of the limited blood supply. The WHO Haemoglobin Colour Scale (HCS) is a simple low-cost test but frequently inaccurate. AnemoCheck-LRS (limited-resource settings) is a rapid, inexpensive, color-based point-of-care (POC) test optimized to diagnose severe anemia. METHODS Deidentified whole blood samples were diluted with plasma to create variable hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations, with most in the severe (≤ 7 g/dL) or profound (≤ 5 g/dL) anemia range. Each sample was tested with AnemoCheck-LRS and WHO HCS independently by three readers and compared to Hb measured by an electronic POC test (HemoCue 201+) and commercial hematology analyzer. RESULTS For 570 evaluations within the limits of detection of AnemoCheck-LRS (Hb ≤ 8 g/dL), the average difference between AnemoCheck-LRS and measured Hb was 0.5 ± 0.4 g/dL. In contrast, the WHO HCS overestimated Hb with an absolute difference of 4.9 ± 1.3 g/dL for samples within its detection range (Hb 4-14 g/dL, n = 405). AnemoCheck-LRS was much more sensitive (92%) for the diagnosis of profound anemia than WHO HCS (22%). CONCLUSIONS AnemoCheck-LRS is a rapid, inexpensive, and accurate POC test for anemia. AnemoCheck-LRS is more accurate than WHO HCS for detection of low Hb levels, severe anemia that may require blood transfusion. AnemoCheck-LRS should be tested prospectively in limited-resource settings where severe anemia is common, to determine its utility as a screening tool to identify patients who may require transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erika A Tyburski
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Tech and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Sanguina, LLC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Luke R Smart
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, MLC 11027, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Thad A Howard
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, MLC 11027, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Amanda Pfeiffer
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, MLC 11027, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Russell E Ware
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, MLC 11027, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wilbur A Lam
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Tech and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Sanguina, LLC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Patrick T McGann
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, MLC 11027, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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41
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Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and novel coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) epidemics represent the biggest global health threats in the last two decades. These infections manifest as bronchitis, pneumonia or severe, sometimes fatal, respiratory illness. The novel coronavirus seems to be associated with milder infections but it has spread globally more rapidly becoming a pandemic. This review summarises the state of the art of nanotechnology-based affinity biosensors for SARS, MERS and COVID-19 detection. The nanobiosensors are antibody- or DNA-based biosensors with electrochemical, optical or FET-based transduction. Various kinds of nanomaterials, such as metal nanoparticles, nanowires and graphene, have been merged to the affinity biosensors to enhance their analytical performances. The advantages of the use of the nanomaterials are highlighted, and the results compared with those obtained using non-nanostructured biosensors. A critical comparison with conventional methods, such as RT-PCR and ELISA, is also reported. It is hoped that this review will provide interesting information for the future development of new reliable nano-based platforms for point-of-care diagnostic devices for COVID-19 prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccarda Antiochia
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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42
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Exner V, Höser C, Trapp S, Simon A. [Prescribing of antibiotics for respiratory tract infections in German outpatient pediatric care : Results of a survey of pediatricians and general practitioners]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2020; 63:1231-40. [PMID: 32940747 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-020-03214-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric outpatients with respiratory tract infections (RTIs) comprise an important target population for antibiotic stewardship (ABS) intervention. OBJECTIVES The aim of this qualitative study was to determine which clinical and contextual factors have a significant impact on antibiotic therapy (ABT) in pediatric patients with RTIs. MATERIALS AND METHODS An online survey was developed and carried out in Germany in cooperation with the Federal Association of Pediatricians and the German Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases. Pediatricians and general practitioners were invited to participate. RESULTS The survey yielded 555 complete response data sets. Diagnostic uncertainty, time constraints for repeated consultations, and fear of complications were identified by 50% of both medical specialties as contextual factors fostering ABT. The risk of serious complications (e.g., mastoiditis) was overestimated by the majority of participants. More than 40% of respondents lacked knowledge concerning official guidelines, and RTIs with fever lasting longer than three days appeared to be an important criterion for ABT for 30-40%. Fewer than 60% of physicians were using a point-of-care device to determine C‑reactive protein. CONCLUSION Although most participants acknowledged the growing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens as an important problem, this survey identifies targets for ABS in pediatric outpatients with RTIs. Ongoing education and training (e.g., better communication strategies in response to parental concerns) should become mandatory for those who prescribe ABT for children with RTIs.
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43
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Ilyas S, Sher M, Du E, Asghar W. Smartphone-based sickle cell disease detection and monitoring for point-of-care settings. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 165:112417. [PMID: 32729535 PMCID: PMC7484220 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a worldwide hematological disorder causing painful episodes, anemia, organ damage, stroke, and even deaths. It is more common in sub-Saharan Africa and other resource-limited countries. Conventional laboratory-based diagnostic methods for SCD are time-consuming, complex, and cannot be performed at point-of-care (POC) and home settings. Optical microscope-based classification and counting demands a significant amount of time, extensive setup, and cost along with the skilled human labor to distinguish the normal red blood cells (RBCs) from sickled cells. There is an unmet need to develop a POC and home-based test to diagnose and monitor SCD and reduce mortality in resource-limited settings. An early-stage and timely diagnosis of SCD can help in the effective management of the disease. In this article, we utilized a smartphone-based image acquisition method for capturing RBC images from the SCD patients in normoxia and hypoxia conditions. A computer algorithm is developed to differentiate RBCs from the patient's blood before and after cell sickling. Using the developed smartphone-based technique, we obtained similar percentage of sickle cells in blood samples as analyzed by conventional method (standard microscope). The developed method of testing demonstrates the potential utility of the smartphone-based test for reducing the overall cost of screening and management for SCD, thus increasing the practicality of smartphone-based screening technique for SCD in low-resource settings. Our setup does not require any special storage requirements. This is the characteristic advantage of our technique as compared to other hemoglobin-based POC diagnostic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Ilyas
- Department of Computer & Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA; Asghar-Lab, Micro and Nanotechnology in Medicine, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Mazhar Sher
- Department of Computer & Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA; Asghar-Lab, Micro and Nanotechnology in Medicine, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - E Du
- Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA; Department of Biological Sciences (Courtesy Appointment), Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Waseem Asghar
- Department of Computer & Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA; Asghar-Lab, Micro and Nanotechnology in Medicine, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA; Department of Biological Sciences (Courtesy Appointment), Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA.
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44
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Ruppert C, Kaiser L, Jacob LJ, Laufer S, Kohl M, Deigner HP. Duplex Shiny app quantification of the sepsis biomarkers C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 in a fast quantum dot labeled lateral flow assay. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:130. [PMID: 32912236 PMCID: PMC7481553 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00688-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fast point-of-care (POC) diagnostics represent an unmet medical need and include applications such as lateral flow assays (LFAs) for the diagnosis of sepsis and consequences of cytokine storms and for the treatment of COVID-19 and other systemic, inflammatory events not caused by infection. Because of the complex pathophysiology of sepsis, multiple biomarkers must be analyzed to compensate for the low sensitivity and specificity of single biomarker targets. Conventional LFAs, such as gold nanoparticle dyed assays, are limited to approximately five targets-the maximum number of test lines on an assay. To increase the information obtainable from each test line, we combined green and red emitting quantum dots (QDs) as labels for C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) antibodies in an optical duplex immunoassay. CdSe-QDs with sharp and tunable emission bands were used to simultaneously quantify CRP and IL-6 in a single test line, by using a single UV-light source and two suitable emission filters for readout through a widely available BioImager device. For image and data processing, a customized software tool, the MultiFlow-Shiny app was used to accelerate and simplify the readout process. The app software provides advanced tools for image processing, including assisted extraction of line intensities, advanced background correction and an easy workflow for creation and handling of experimental data in quantitative LFAs. The results generated with our MultiFlow-Shiny app were superior to those generated with the popular software ImageJ and resulted in lower detection limits. Our assay is applicable for detecting clinically relevant ranges of both target proteins and therefore may serve as a powerful tool for POC diagnosis of inflammation and infectious events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Ruppert
- Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle Str. 17, 78054, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany.,Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle Str. 17, 78054, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lars Kaiser
- Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle Str. 17, 78054, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany.,Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle Str. 17, 78054, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 25, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Johanna Jacob
- Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle Str. 17, 78054, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany.,Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle Str. 17, 78054, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Stefan Laufer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Kohl
- Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle Str. 17, 78054, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany. .,Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle Str. 17, 78054, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany.
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle Str. 17, 78054, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany. .,Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle Str. 17, 78054, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany. .,EXIM Department, Fraunhofer Institute IZI, Leipzig, Schillingallee 68, 18057, Rostock, Germany. .,Faculty of Science, Tuebingen University, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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45
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Johannsen B, Mark D, Boillat-Blanco N, Fresco A, Baumgartner D, Zengerle R, Mitsakakis K. Rapid Diagnosis of Respiratory Tract Infections Using a Point-of-Care Platform Incorporating a Clinical Decision Support Algorithm. Stud Health Technol Inform 2020; 273:234-239. [PMID: 33087618 DOI: 10.3233/shti200646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory Tract Infections (RTIs) are among the top reasons for visiting a General Practitioner (GP) and the main cause of unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions. Reducing inappropriate use is essential to decrease antibiotic resistance and adverse events. The goal of the Eurostars project "Respiotic" is to develop a new point-of-care (POC) platform based on the centrifugal microfluidic LabDisk that will detect the main responsible viruses and bacteria for community-acquired RTIs, including associated resistances and host biomarkers. The diagnostic platform will use a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and an immunoassay cartridge on the same instrument and provide the combined analysis within less than 1 h. An electronic clinical algorithm will co-assess the test results and act as a decision support tool for the GPs' patient management and prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Noémie Boillat-Blanco
- University Hospital of Lausanne - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Desirée Baumgartner
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK - Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Zengerle
- Hahn-Schickard, Freiburg, Germany
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK - Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Mitsakakis
- Hahn-Schickard, Freiburg, Germany
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK - Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Germany
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46
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Aspermair P, Mishyn V, Bintinger J, Happy H, Bagga K, Subramanian P, Knoll W, Boukherroub R, Szunerits S. Reduced graphene oxide-based field effect transistors for the detection of E7 protein of human papillomavirus in saliva. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:779-87. [PMID: 32816088 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02879-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Several challenging biological sensing concepts have been realized using electrolyte-gated reduced graphene oxide field effect transistors (rGO-FETs). In this work, we demonstrate the interest of rGO-FET for the sensing of human papillomavirus (HPV), one of the most common sexually transmitted viruses and a necessary factor for cervical carcinogenesis. The highly sensitive and selective detection of the HPV-16 E7 protein relies on the attractive semiconducting characteristics of pyrene-modified rGO functionalized with RNA aptamer Sc5-c3. The aptamer-functionalized rGO-FET allows for monitoring the aptamer-HPV-16 E7 protein binding in real time with a detection limit of about 100 pg mL−1 (1.75 nM) for HPV-16 E7 from five blank noise signals (95% confidence level). The feasibility of this method for clinical application in point-of-care technology is evaluated using HPV-16 E7 protein suspended in saliva and demonstrates the successful fabrication of a promising field effect transistor biosensor for HPV diagnosis. Graphical abstract![]()
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47
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Severi C, Melnychuk N, Klymchenko AS. Smartphone-assisted detection of nucleic acids by light-harvesting FRET-based nanoprobe. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 168:112515. [PMID: 32862092 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care assays for optical detection of biomolecular markers attract growing attention, because of their capacity to provide rapid and inexpensive diagnostics of cancer and infectious diseases. Here, we designed a nanoprobe compatible with a smartphone RGB camera for detection of nucleic acids. It is based on light-harvesting polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulating green fluorescent donor dyes that undergo efficient Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) to red fluorescent acceptor hybridized at the particle surface. Green-emitting NPs are based on rhodamine 110 and 6G dyes paired with bulky hydrophobic counterions, which prevent dye self-quenching and ensure efficient energy transfer. Their surface is functionalized with a capture DNA sequence for cancer marker survivin, hybridized with a short oligonucleotide bearing FRET acceptor ATTO647N. Obtained 40-nm poly(methyl methacrylate)-based NP probe, encapsulating octadecyl rhodamine 6G dyes with tetrakis(perfluoro-tert-butoxy)aluminate counterions (~6000 dyes per NP), and bearing 65 acceptors, shows efficient FRET with >20% quantum yield and a signal amplification (antenna effect) of 25. It exhibits ratiometric response to the target DNA by FRET acceptor displacement and enables DNA detection in solution by fluorescence spectroscopy (limit of detection 3 pM) and on surfaces at the single-particle level using two-color fluorescence microscopy. Using a smartphone RGB camera, the nanoprobe response can be readily detected at 10 pM target in true color and in red-to-green ratio images. Thus, our FRET-based nanoparticle biosensor enables detection of nucleic acid targets using a smartphone coupled to an appropriate optical setup, opening the way to simple and inexpensive point-of-care assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Severi
- Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR 7021, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401, Cedex, Illkirch, France
| | - Nina Melnychuk
- Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR 7021, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401, Cedex, Illkirch, France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR 7021, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401, Cedex, Illkirch, France.
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48
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Berger J, Valera E, Jankelow A, Garcia C, Akhand M, Heredia J, Ghonge T, Liu C, Font-Bartumeus V, Oshana G, Tiao J, Bashir R. Simultaneous electrical detection of IL-6 and PCT using a microfluidic biochip platform. Biomed Microdevices 2020; 22:36. [PMID: 32419087 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-020-00492-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis, a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response, leads the U.S in both mortality rate and cost of treatment. Sepsis treatment protocols currently rely on broad and non-specific parameters like heart and respiration rate, and temperature; however, studies show that biomarkers Interlukin-6 (IL-6) and Procalcitonin (PCT) correlate to sepsis progression and response to treatment. Prior work also suggests that using multi-parameter predictive analytics with biomarkers and clinical information can inform treatment to improve outcome. A point-of-care (POC) platform that provides information for multiple biomarkers can aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of potentially septic patients. Using impedance cytometry, microbead immunoassays, and biotin-streptavidin binding, we report a microfluidic POC system that correlates microbead capture to IL-6 and PCT concentrations. A multiplexed microbead immunoassay is developed and validated for simultaneous detection of both IL-6 and PCT from human plasma samples. Using the POC platform, we quantified plasma samples containing healthy, medium (~103pg/ml) and high (~105pg/ml) IL-6 and PCT concentrations with various levels of significance (P < 0.05-P < 0.00001) and validated the concept of this device as a POC platform for sepsis biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Berger
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 Everitt Lab, MC 278, 1406 W. Green St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 N. Wright St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Biomedical Research Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, 509 W University Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Enrique Valera
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 Everitt Lab, MC 278, 1406 W. Green St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 N. Wright St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Biomedical Research Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, 509 W University Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Aaron Jankelow
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 Everitt Lab, MC 278, 1406 W. Green St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 N. Wright St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Biomedical Research Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, 509 W University Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Carlos Garcia
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 Everitt Lab, MC 278, 1406 W. Green St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 N. Wright St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Biomedical Research Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, 509 W University Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Manik Akhand
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 Everitt Lab, MC 278, 1406 W. Green St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 N. Wright St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - John Heredia
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 Everitt Lab, MC 278, 1406 W. Green St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 N. Wright St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Tanmay Ghonge
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 Everitt Lab, MC 278, 1406 W. Green St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 N. Wright St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Biomedical Research Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, 509 W University Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Cynthia Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 Everitt Lab, MC 278, 1406 W. Green St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 N. Wright St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Victor Font-Bartumeus
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 Everitt Lab, MC 278, 1406 W. Green St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 N. Wright St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Gina Oshana
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 Everitt Lab, MC 278, 1406 W. Green St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 N. Wright St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Justin Tiao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 Everitt Lab, MC 278, 1406 W. Green St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 N. Wright St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 Everitt Lab, MC 278, 1406 W. Green St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA. .,Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 N. Wright St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA. .,Biomedical Research Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, 509 W University Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA. .,Carle Illinois College of Medicine, 807 South Wright St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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49
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Abstract
Since its emergence in Wuhan, China in December 2019, novel Coronavirus disease - 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread worldwide, achieving pandemic status on 11
th March, 2020. As of 1
st April 2020, COVID-19, which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), had infected over 800,000 people and caused over 40,000 deaths in 205 countries and territories. COVID-19 has had its heaviest toll on Europe, United States and China. As of 1
st of April 2020, the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Africa was relatively low, with the highest number registered by South Africa, which had reported 1,380 confirmed cases. On the same date (also the date of this review), Africa had reported 5,999 confirmed cases, of which 3,838 (almost 65%) occurred in South Africa, Algeria, Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia, with the remaining 2,071 cases distributed unevenly across the other African countries. We speculate that while African nations are currently experiencing much lower rates of COVID-19 relative to other continents, their significantly lower testing rates may grossly underestimate incidence rates. Failure to grasp the true picture may mean crucial windows of opportunity shut unutilized, while limited resources are not deployed to maximum effect. In the absence of extensive testing data, an overestimation of spread may lead to disproportionate measures being taken, causing avoidable strain on livelihoods and economies. Here, based on the African situation, we discuss COVID-19 diagnostic challenges and how they may blunt responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Kobia
- Research and Innovation, Mount Kenya University, Thika, 01000, Kenya.,Department of Biosciences, University of Milan - via Celoria 26, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Jesse Gitaka
- Research and Innovation, Mount Kenya University, Thika, 01000, Kenya.,Implementation Research, Centre for Resarch in Tropical Medicine and Community Development, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
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50
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Znoyko SL, Orlov AV, Bragina VA, Nikitin MP, Nikitin PI. Nanomagnetic lateral flow assay for high-precision quantification of diagnostically relevant concentrations of serum TSH. Talanta 2020; 216:120961. [PMID: 32456890 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is the first-line marker for initial evaluation of the thyroid gland function. We present a lateral flow immunoassay based on superparamagnetic nanolabels for rapid (<25 min) quantitative determination of TSH at a point of care. The demonstrated limit of detection (LOD) of 0.017 μIU/mL in human serum is on the level of third-generation TSH laboratory tests. The wide linear dynamic range of more than 3 orders covers the whole range of clinically relevant TSH concentrations for confident quantitative diagnostics of the gland function from hyper- to hypothyroidism, and different states in-between. The attractive values of LOD and linear dynamic range are due to counting of the superparamagnetic nanolabels over the whole reaction volume by their non-linear magnetization at two frequencies of an alternating magnetic field and detecting the response at combinatorial frequencies. The developed cost-efficient and user-friendly immunoassay can be used for express in vitro diagnostics and long-term quantitative monitoring of thyroid dysfunctions, especially in distant regions, developing countries, and sparsely populated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey L Znoyko
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov St, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey V Orlov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov St, 119991, Moscow, Russia; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 9 Institutskii per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700, Russia
| | - Vera A Bragina
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov St, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim P Nikitin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 9 Institutskii per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700, Russia
| | - Petr I Nikitin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov St, 119991, Moscow, Russia; National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 31 Kashirskoe shosse, 115409, Moscow, Russia.
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