1
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Giardini F, Hadjidimitriou NS, Mamei M, Bastardi G, Codeluppi N, Pancotto F. Using mobile phone data to map evacuation and displacement: a case study of the central Italy earthquake. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22228. [PMID: 38097627 PMCID: PMC10721857 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48130-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Population displacement is one of the most common consequences of disasters, and it can profoundly affect communities and territories. However, gaining an accurate measure of the size of displacement in the days and weeks following a major disaster can be extremely difficult. This study uses aggregated Call Detail Records as an inexpensive and efficient technique to measure post-disaster displacement in four Italian regions affected by repeated earthquakes in 2016-2017. By comparing post-disaster mobile phone count with a forecast computed before the earthquake hit, we can compute an index of change in the presence of mobile phones (MPE). This measure, obtained thanks to advanced analytical techniques, provides a reliable indication of the effect of the earthquake in terms of immediate and medium-term displacement. We test this measure against census data and in combination with other datasets. Looking into available data on economic activities and requests for financial support to rebuild damaged buildings, we can explain MPE and identify significant factors affecting population displacement. It is possible to apply this innovative methodology to other disaster scenarios and use it by policymakers who want to understand the determinants of population displacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giardini
- Department of Sociology, University of Groningen, Grote Rozenstraat, 31, 9712 TG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Natalia Selini Hadjidimitriou
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Metodi dell'Ingegneria, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola, 2 - Pad. Morselli, 42122, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Marco Mamei
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Metodi dell'Ingegneria, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola, 2 - Pad. Morselli, 42122, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
- Artificial Intelligence Research and Innovation Center - AIRI, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli, 10, 41125, Modena, Italy.
| | - Giordano Bastardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Metodi dell'Ingegneria, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola, 2 - Pad. Morselli, 42122, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Nico Codeluppi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Metodi dell'Ingegneria, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola, 2 - Pad. Morselli, 42122, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesca Pancotto
- Dipartimento di Studi Linguistici e Culturali, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Largo S. Eufemia, 19, 41121, Modena, Italy
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2
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Teekens T, Giardini F, Kirgil ZM, Wittek R. Shared understanding and task-interdependence in nursing interns' collaborative relations: A social network study of vocational health care internships in the Netherlands. J Interprof Care 2023; 37:999-1009. [PMID: 37184374 DOI: 10.1080/13561820.2023.2209123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Shared understanding among collaborators is a key element of delivering successful interprofessional care and a main challenge for professional education concerns nurturing such understanding among students. We assessed how nursing students perceived different levels of shared understanding in their collaborations with others in clinical internships. We analyse the collaborative networks of interns to examine whether individual factors (attitudes, perceptions of collaborative cultures, and motivation) or relational factors among collaborators (task-interdependence, cooperation frequency, and interprofessional and hierarchical roles) affect shared understanding among 150 Dutch nursing interns and their collaborators (n = 865). Theoretically, we stress the importance of focusing on collaborative relations in interprofessional care settings. Multilevel models distinguish two levels in explaining the variation in shared understanding, nesting collaborative relationships within individuals. Results indicate merely 37.4% of found variation of shared understanding could be attributed to individual-level factors (variation between interns), while 62.6% of variation is found within interns, showing that shared understanding differs substantially between the collaborations one intern engages in. Multilevel models reveal that task-interdependence strongly predicts shared understanding in inter- and intraprofessional collaborations. We conclude that focusing on collaborative relations is essential to foster shared understanding in vocational internship programmes, and that health care organisations should pay explicit attention to task-interdependence in interns' collaborations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Teekens
- Department of Sociology / ICS, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen
| | - Francesca Giardini
- Department of Sociology / ICS, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen
| | | | - Rafael Wittek
- Department of Sociology / ICS, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen
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3
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Giardini F, Olianti C, Biasci V, Arecchi G, Zaglia T, Mongillo M, Cerbai E, Zgierski-Johnston C, Kohl P, Sacconi L. Correlating electrical dysfunctions and structural remodeling in Arrhythmogenic Mouse Hearts by advanced optical methods. Cardiovasc Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac066.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – EU funding. Main funding source(s): European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme - No 952166 (REPAIR)
Regione Toscana - Bando Ricerca Salute 2018 - PERCARE project.
Severe remodeling processes may occur in the heart due to both genetic and non-genetic diseases. Structural remodeling, such as collagen deposition (fibrosis) and cellular misalignment, can affect electrical conduction at different orders of magnitude and, eventually, lead to arrhythmias. In this scenario, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited heart disease that involves ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmias, and localized replacement of contractile fibers with fibrofatty scar tissue. Unfortunately, nowadays, predicting the impact of fine structural alterations on the electrical dysfunction in entire organs is challenging, due to the inefficacy of standard imaging methods in performing high-resolution three-dimensional reconstructions in massive tissues.
In this work, we developed a new full-optical correlative approach to quantify and integrate the electrical dysfunctions with three-dimensional structural reconstructions of entire hearts, both in controls and in a mouse model of ACM. We combined optical mapping of the action potential propagation (APP) with advances in tissue clearing and light-sheet microscopy techniques. First, we employed an optical platform to map and analyze the APP in Langendorff-perfused hearts. Then, we optimized the SHIELD procedure for the clearing of cardiac tissue, thus converting the previously electrically characterized samples into well-preserved and fully-transparent specimens. A high-throughput light-sheet microscope has been developed following the mesoSPIM project: the conceived microscope allows the reconstruction of the whole mouse heart with a micrometric resolution allowing fine quantification of myocytes alignment and fibrosis deposition across the organ. Finally, we developed a software pipeline that employs high-resolution 3D images to analyze and co-register APP maps with the 3D anatomy, contractile fibers disarray, and fibrosis deposition on each heart.
We believe that this promising methodological framework will allow clarifying the involvement of fine structural alterations in the electrical dysfunctions, thus enabling a unified investigation of the structural causes that lead to electrical and mechanical alterations after the tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Giardini
- LENS - European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - C Olianti
- LENS - European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - V Biasci
- LENS - European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - G Arecchi
- LENS - European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - T Zaglia
- University of Padua, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche , Padova , Italy
| | - M Mongillo
- University of Padua, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche , Padova , Italy
| | - E Cerbai
- University of Florence, Farmacologia , Florence , Italy
| | | | - P Kohl
- University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - L Sacconi
- LENS - European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
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4
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Giardini F, Balliet D, Power EA, Számadó S, Takács K. Four Puzzles of Reputation-Based Cooperation : Content, Process, Honesty, and Structure. Hum Nat 2022; 33:43-61. [PMID: 34961914 PMCID: PMC8964644 DOI: 10.1007/s12110-021-09419-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Research in various disciplines has highlighted that humans are uniquely able to solve the problem of cooperation through the informal mechanisms of reputation and gossip. Reputation coordinates the evaluative judgments of individuals about one another. Direct observation of actions and communication are the essential routes that are used to establish and update reputations. In large groups, where opportunities for direct observation are limited, gossip becomes an important channel to share individual perceptions and evaluations of others that can be used to condition cooperative action. Although reputation and gossip might consequently support large-scale human cooperation, four puzzles need to be resolved to understand the operation of reputation-based mechanisms. First, we need empirical evidence of the processes and content that form reputations and how this may vary cross-culturally. Second, we lack an understanding of how reputation is determined from the muddle of imperfect, biased inputs people receive. Third, coordination between individuals is only possible if reputation sharing and signaling is to a large extent reliable and valid. Communication, however, is not necessarily honest and reliable, so theoretical and empirical work is needed to understand how gossip and reputation can effectively promote cooperation despite the circulation of dishonest gossip. Fourth, reputation is not constructed in a social vacuum; hence we need a better understanding of the way in which the structure of interactions affects the efficiency of gossip for establishing reputations and fostering cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giardini
- Department of Sociology, University of Groningen, Grote Rozenstraat, 31 - 9712 TG, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Daniel Balliet
- Department of Experimental and Applied Social Psychology, VU Amsterdam, Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eleanor A Power
- London School of Economics and Political Science, Department of Methodology, Houghton Street, WC2A 2AE, London, UK
| | - Szabolcs Számadó
- Department of Sociology and Communication, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Egry J. u. 1. Floor 7, 1111, Budapest, Hungary.,Centre for Social Sciences, CSS-RECENS, Tóth Kálmán u. 4, 1097, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Károly Takács
- The Institute for Analytical Sociology, Linköping University, 601 74, Norrköping, Sweden. .,Centre for Social Sciences, CSS-RECENS, Tóth Kálmán u. 4, 1097, Budapest, Hungary.
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5
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Abstract
When there is an opportunity to gain a positive reputation, individuals are more willing to sacrifice their immediate self-interest. Partner choice creates opportunities for competitive altruism, i.e. individuals compete to be regarded as more generous and to be chosen for future partnerships. Tests of the competitive altruism hypothesis have focused so far on reputation based on direct observation, whereas the role of gossip has not been theoretically and empirically addressed. Partner choice can create an incentive to cooperate and to send truthful messages, but it can also work in the opposite direction. In order to understand the consequences of partner choice on cooperation and gossip, we designed an experimental study in which participants played a sequence of Public Goods games and gossip rounds. In our two treatments, we observed that cooperation increased when there was an opportunity to be selected, but also that cooperators sent more honest messages than defectors, and that this strategy was prevalent in the treatment in which inter-group competition was implemented. We also found evidence that participants detached themselves from the information more often when lying. Taken together, our study fills a theoretical and empirical gap by showing that partner choice increases both cooperation and honesty of gossip. This article is part of the theme issue 'The language of cooperation: reputation and honest signalling'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giardini
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Department of Sociology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniele Vilone
- Laboratory of Agent Based Simulation, Institute of Cognitive Science and Technology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy.,Grupo Interdisciplinar de Sistemas Complejos (GISC), Department of Mathematics, Carlos III University of Madrid, Leganés, Spain
| | - Angel Sánchez
- Grupo Interdisciplinar de Sistemas Complejos (GISC), Department of Mathematics, Carlos III University of Madrid, Leganés, Spain.,Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.,Unidad Mixta Interdisciplinar de Comportamiento y Complejidad Social (UMICCS) UC3M-UV-UZ, 28911, Leganés, Madrid, Spain.,Institute UC3M-Santander for Big Data (IBiDat), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28903 Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Antonioni
- Grupo Interdisciplinar de Sistemas Complejos (GISC), Department of Mathematics, Carlos III University of Madrid, Leganés, Spain
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6
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Romano A, Giardini F, Columbus S, de Kwaadsteniet EW, Kisfalusi D, Triki Z, Snijders C, Hagel K. Reputation and socio-ecology in humans. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20200295. [PMID: 34601915 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reputation is a fundamental feature of human sociality as it sustains cooperative relationships among unrelated individuals. Research from various disciplines provides insights on how individuals form impressions of others, condition their behaviours based on the reputation of their interacting partners and spread or learn such reputations. However, past research has often neglected the socio-ecological conditions that can shape reputation systems and their effect on cooperation. Here, we outline how social environments, cultural values and institutions come to play a crucial role in how people navigate reputation systems. Moreover, we illustrate how these socio-ecological dimensions affect the interdependence underlying social interactions (e.g. potential recipients of reputational benefits, degree of dependence) and the extent to which reputation systems promote cooperation. To do so, we review the interdisciplinary literature that illustrates how reputation systems are shaped by the variation of prominent ecological features. Finally, we discuss the implications of a socio-ecological approach to the study of reputation and outline potential avenues for future research. This article is part of the theme issue 'The language of cooperation: reputation and honest signalling'.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Romano
- Social, Economic and Organizational Psychology, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - F Giardini
- Department of Sociology, University of Groningen and Interuniversity Center for Social Science Theory and Methodology (ICS), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S Columbus
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - E W de Kwaadsteniet
- Social, Economic and Organizational Psychology, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - D Kisfalusi
- Computational Social Science-Research Centre for Educational and Network Studies (CSS-RECENS), Centre for Social Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Z Triki
- Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.,Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Snijders
- Human-Technology Interaction Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - K Hagel
- Department of Human Behaviour, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
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7
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Számadó S, Balliet D, Giardini F, Power EA, Takács K. The language of cooperation: reputation and honest signalling. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20200286. [PMID: 34601918 PMCID: PMC8487738 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-scale non-kin cooperation is a unique ingredient of human success. This type of cooperation is challenging to explain in a world of self-interested individuals. There is overwhelming empirical evidence from different disciplines that reputation and gossip promote cooperation in humans in different contexts. Despite decades of research, important details of reputation systems are still unclear. Our goal with this theme issue is to promote an interdisciplinary approach that allows us to explore and understand the evolution and maintenance of reputation systems with a special emphasis on gossip and honest signalling. The theme issue is organized around four main questions: What are the necessary conditions for reputation-based systems? What is the content and context of reputation systems? How can reputations promote cooperation? And, what is the role of gossip in maintaining reputation systems and thus cooperation? This article is part of the theme issue 'The language of cooperation: reputation and honest signalling'.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Számadó
- Department of Sociology and Communication, BUTE, Budapest, Hungary
- CSS-RECENS, Centre for Social Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - D. Balliet
- Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F. Giardini
- Department of Sociology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - E. A. Power
- Department of Methodology, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - K. Takács
- CSS-RECENS, Centre for Social Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute for Analytical Sociology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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8
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Abstract
Most of the current literature on gossip describes gossipmongers as incessantly sharing evaluative and valuable information about an absent third party in teams, groups, communities, and organizations. However, potential gossipers can similarly decide not to share what they know, depending on the content, the context, or their relationship with the other actors in the gossip triad. We argue that understanding the reasons why people do not gossip may provide useful insights into individual motives, group dynamics, and collective behaviors. This theoretical contribution first critically surveys the existing gossip literature with the aim of highlighting the conditions under which people might refrain from sharing third party information. We then propose to apply Goal Framing theory as a way to bridge a theory of the micro-foundations of human behavior with an analytical model of the gossip triad that disentangles the various ways through which senders, receivers, and objects of gossip may be interrelated. From a goal framing perspective, most research on gossip illustrates the mechanisms in which the hedonic gratification derived from gossiping is reinforced by gain or normative goals. However, a normative or a gain goal frame can prevent the gossip monger from spreading the information, and we argue that depending on different configurations of frames and relations between actors the perceived costs of sending gossip may be far higher than much of the previous literature suggests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giardini
- Department of Sociology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Rafael P M Wittek
- Department of Sociology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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9
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Abstract
Information sharing can be regarded as a form of cooperative behavior protected by the work of a reputation system. Yet, deception in communication is common. The research examined the possibility that speakers use epistemic markers to preempt being seen as uncooperative even though they in fact are. Epistemic markers convey the speakers' certainty and involvement in the acquisition of the information. When speakers present a lie as indirectly acquired or uncertain, they gain if the lie is believed and likely do not suffer if it is discovered. In our study, speakers of English and Italian (where epistemic markers were presented lexically) and of Estonian and Turkish (where they were presented grammatically through evidentials) had to imagine being a speaker in a conversation and choose a response to a question. The response options varied 1) the truth of the part of the response addressing the question at issue and 2) whether the epistemic marker indicated that the speaker had acquired the information directly or indirectly. Across languages, if participants chose to tell a lie, they were likely to present it with an indirect epistemic marker, thus providing evidence for preemptive action accompanying uncooperative behavior. For English and Italian participants, this preemptive action depended respectively on resource availability and relationship with the addressee, suggesting cultural variability in the circumstances that trigger it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giardini
- Department of Sociology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Anne Tamm
- Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Hungary, Budapest, Hungary
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10
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Abstract
Abstract. In the last few years, the study of social phenomena has hosted a renewal of interest in Computational Social Science (CSS). While this field is not new – Axelrod’s first computational work on the evolution of cooperation goes back to 1981 – CSS has recently resurged under the pressure of quantitative social science and the application of Big Data analytics to social datasets. However, Big Data is no panacea and the data deluge that it provides raises more questions than it answers. The aim of this paper is to present an overview in which CSS will be introduced and the costs of CSS will be balanced against its benefits, in an attempt to propose an integrative view of the new and the old practice of CSS. In particular, two routes to integration will be drawn. First, it will be advocated that social data mining and computational modeling need to be integrated. Second, we will introduce the generative approach, aimed to understand how social phenomena can be generated starting from the micro-components, including psychological mechanisms, and we will discuss the necessity of combining it with the anticipatory, data-driven objective. By these means, Computational Social Science will develop into a more comprehensive field of Computational Social and Behavioral Science in which data science, ICT, as well as the behavioral and social sciences will be fruitfully integrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Conte
- Laboratory of Agent Based Social Simulation, Institute for Cognitive Science and Technology, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Giardini
- Laboratory of Agent Based Social Simulation, Institute for Cognitive Science and Technology, Rome, Italy
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11
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Giardini F. Deterrence and transmission as mechanisms ensuring reliability of gossip. Cogn Process 2011; 13 Suppl 2:465-75. [PMID: 21984345 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-011-0421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Spreading information about the members of one's group is one of the most universal human behaviors. Thanks to gossip, individuals can acquire the information about their peers without sustaining the burden of costly interactions with cheaters, but they can also create and revise social bonds. Gossip has also several positive functions at the group level, promoting cohesion and norm compliance. However, gossip can be unreliable, and can be used to damage others' reputation or to circulate false information, thus becoming detrimental to people involved and useless for the group. In this work, we propose a theoretical model in which reliability of gossip depends on the joint functioning of two distinct mechanisms. Thanks to the first, i.e., deterrence, individuals tend to avoid informational cheating because they fear punishment and the disruption of social bonds. On the other hand, transmission provides humans with the opportunity of reducing the consequences of cheating through a manipulation of the source of gossip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giardini
- Department of Cognitive Science, Central European University, 1023 Frankel Leo u., 30-34, Budapest, Hungary.
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12
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Grosso S, Fichera M, Galesi O, Luciano D, Pucci L, Giardini F, Berardi R, Balestri P. Bilateral periventricular nodular heterotopia and lissencephaly in an infant with unbalanced t(12;17)(q24.31; p13.3) translocation. Dev Med Child Neurol 2008; 50:473-6. [PMID: 18384621 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.02058.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Periventricular nodular heterotopia and Miller-Dieker syndrome are two different disorders of brain development. Miller-Dieker syndrome exhibits classical lissencephaly and is related to defects in the lissencephaly gene (LIS1). Periventricular nodular heterotopia is characterized by aggregates of grey matter adjacent to the lateral ventricle and is mainly linked to mutations in the Filamin A (FLNA) gene. We describe a male infant presenting with facial dysmorphisms resembling those of Miller-Dieker syndrome, neuromotor delay, and drug - resistant infantile spasms. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed periventricular nodular heterotopia overlaid by classical lissencephaly with complete agyria. Cytogenetic and molecular investigations detected a maternally inherited unbalanced translocation involving chromosome arms 17p and 12q. This resulted in partial monosomy of 17p13.3-->pter and partial trisomy of 12q24.3-->qter. No mutation was found in the FLNA gene. The patient died at the age of 22 months from respiratory insufficiency during an infection of the lower respiratory tract. Our observation extends the list of the overlying cortical malformations associated with periventricular nodular heterotopia. It remains to be established whether this peculiar neuronal migration disorder represents a phenotype totally linked to 17q13.3 deletion or results from a combination of gene defects at 17q13.3 and 12q24.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Grosso
- Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Neurology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
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13
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Giardini F, Bay A, Vana M, Pollino C. ENDOFTALMITI ED ASCESSI OCULARI: COLTURA SU BACTEC 9000 IN CONFRONTO AI TERRENI TRADIZIONALI. Microbiol Med 2006. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2006.3144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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14
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D’Amelio S, Giardini F, Faraldi F, Laccisaglia A, Pollino C, Indovina L. SENSIBILITA’ A VARI ANTIBATTERICI DI SCHIZOMICETI ISOLATI DA INFANTI CON STENOSI CONGENITA DELLE VIE LACRIMALI (SCDN). Microbiol Med 2004. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2004.3868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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15
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Giardini F, Machetta F, De Sanctis U, Pollino C. RHODOTORULA IN ASCESSO CORNEALE. Microbiol Med 2004. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2004.3941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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16
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D’Amelio S, Giardini F, Pollino C, Indovina L. SCHIZOMICETI ISOLATI NELLE OSTRUZIONI CONGENITE DEL DOTTO NASOLACRIMALE. Microbiol Med 2003. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2003.4414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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17
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Abstract
The ability of motile Aeromonas spp. to survive in drinking water (mineral and tap water) and in sea water was experimentally tested. Clinically isolated cytotoxic strains of A. hydrophila, A. caviae and A. sobria were selected for this study. After contamination of water samples, the survival of Aeromonas strains was studied for at least three months using viable counts. The results obtained show that the survival of the Aeromonas spp. varies considerably depending on species and water type. For all three species, the survival time was longest in mineral water, where viable bacteria of each strain were still detected after 100 d. Moreover, A hydrophila and A. caviae also re-grew on the first day. In tap water all strains showed marked survival, although to a lesser extent than in mineral water. Aeromonas cells showed a rapid decline in sea water (90% reduction in viable cells after about two d) and thus seem to be more sensitive to saline/marine stress than chlorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Brandi
- Istituto di Scienze Tossicologiche Igienistiche e Ambientali, Università di Urbino, Italy.
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18
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Giardini F, Poncini D, Poncini L, Rossi C, Vana M. [Informatics applications in ocular microbiology: computerized study of 20,262 conjunctival cultures]. G Batteriol Virol Immunol 1989; 82:70-81. [PMID: 2490406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Giardini
- Laboratorio di Analisi Chimico-Cliniche e Microbiologia, Ospedale Oftalmico, Torino
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Vanini GC, Moiraghi Ruggenini A, Grassi R, Maury F, Giardini F. [Epidemiological aspects relating to the determination of fosfomycin sensitivity: results of a study on 300 strains isolated in a hospital milieu in Turin]. G Batteriol Virol Immunol 1979; 71:73-84. [PMID: 488578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The AA. evaluated the sensitivity to Fosfomycin and to other commonly used antibiotics of 105 bacterial strains isolated from hospital environment and 195 from pathological materials. They also studied the problem of bacterial resistence to Fosfomycin considering the frequency of "inner colonies" and of bacterial cross-resistance to other antibiotics.
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Caramello S, Vidotto V, Giardini F, Torchio E. [Bathing establishments. II. The microbiological aspects and microclimatic features of Turin swimming pools]. G Batteriol Virol Immunol 1979; 72:191-212. [PMID: 553840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Vanini GC, Ruggenini AM, Grassi R, Maury F, Giardini F. [Sensitivity to fosfomycin of 249 strains isolated from hospital surroundings in Turin]. G Ital Chemioter 1977; 23:105-10. [PMID: 606608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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