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Brugnoli B, Salvati L, Di Lauria N, Botta A, Tozzetti C, Biscarini A, Capone M, Ferrentino F, Naldi C, Ascione G, Mazzoni A, Maggi L, Campo I, Carey B, Trapnell B, Liotta F, Cosmi L, Bartoloni A, Annunziato F, Parronchi P, Palterer B. Disseminated nocardiosis and anti-GM-CSF antibodies. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2024:10.1007/s10096-024-04785-z. [PMID: 38379052 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-024-04785-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Infections that are unusually severe or caused by opportunistic pathogens are a hallmark of primary immunodeficiency (PID). Anti-cytokine autoantibodies (ACA) are an emerging cause of acquired immunodeficiency mimicking PID. Nocardia spp. are Gram-positive bacteria generally inducing disseminated infections in immunocompromised patients, but seldom also occurring in apparently immunocompetent hosts. Anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies are associated with autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). In those patients, an increased incidence of disseminated nocardiosis and cryptococcosis has been observed. It is unclear whether the PAP or the autoantibodies predispose to the infection. We report an apparently immunocompetent woman presenting with disseminated nocardiosis without any evidence of PAP. Clinical data and radiological images were retrospectively collected. Lymphocyte populations were analyzed by flow cytometry. Anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies were measured by ELISA. A 55-year-old otherwise healthy woman presented with cerebral and pulmonary abscesses. Personal and familial history of infections or autoimmunity were negative. After extensive examinations, a final diagnosis of disseminated nocardiosis was made. Immunologic investigations including neutrophilic function and IFN-γ/IL-12 circuitry failed to identify a PID. Whole-exome sequencing did not find pathogenic variants associated with immunodeficiency. Serum anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies were positive. There were no clinical or instrumental signs of PAP. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and imipenem were administered, with progressive improvement and recovery of the infectious complication. We identified anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies as the cause of disseminated nocardiosis in a previously healthy and apparently immunocompetent adult. This case emphasizes the importance of including ACA in the differential diagnosis of PID, especially in previously healthy adults. Importantly, anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies can present with disseminated nocardiosis without PAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Brugnoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Salvati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Di Lauria
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Annarita Botta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Camilla Tozzetti
- Internal Medicine Unit 3, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Biscarini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Radiodiagnostic Unit n. 2, University of Florence-Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Capone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Naldi
- Internal Medicine Unit 3, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ascione
- Internal Medicine Unit 3, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria Campo
- Pneumology Unit, Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Brenna Carey
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Bruce Trapnell
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Immunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Parronchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Boaz Palterer
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
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2
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Tomassetti S, Ciani L, Luzzi V, Gori L, Trigiani M, Giuntoli L, Lavorini F, Poletti V, Ravaglia C, Torrego A, Maldonado F, Lentz R, Annunziato F, Maggi L, Rossolini GM, Pollini S, Para O, Ciurleo G, Casini A, Rasero L, Bartoloni A, Spinicci M, Munavvar M, Gasparini S, Comin C, Cerinic MM, Peired A, Henket M, Ernst B, Louis R, Corhay JL, Nardi C, Guiot J. Utility of bronchoalveolar lavage for COVID-19: a perspective from the Dragon consortium. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1259570. [PMID: 38371516 PMCID: PMC10869531 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1259570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Diagnosing COVID-19 and treating its complications remains a challenge. This review reflects the perspective of some of the Dragon (IMI 2-call 21, #101005122) research consortium collaborators on the utility of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in COVID-19. BAL has been proposed as a potentially useful diagnostic tool to increase COVID-19 diagnosis sensitivity. In both critically ill and non-critically ill COVID-19 patients, BAL has a relevant role in detecting other infections or supporting alternative diagnoses and can change management decisions in up to two-thirds of patients. BAL is used to guide steroid and immunosuppressive treatment and to narrow or discontinue antibiotic treatment, reducing the use of unnecessary broad antibiotics. Moreover, cellular analysis and novel multi-omics techniques on BAL are of critical importance for understanding the microenvironment and interaction between epithelial cells and immunity, revealing novel potential prognostic and therapeutic targets. The BAL technique has been described as safe for both patients and healthcare workers in more than a thousand procedures reported to date in the literature. Based on these preliminary studies, we recognize that BAL is a feasible procedure in COVID-19 known or suspected cases, useful to properly guide patient management, and has great potential for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tomassetti
- Interventional Pulmonology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Ciani
- Interventional Pulmonology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Luzzi
- Interventional Pulmonology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Leonardo Gori
- Pulmonology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Trigiani
- Interventional Pulmonology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Leonardo Giuntoli
- Interventional Pulmonology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Federico Lavorini
- Pulmonology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Venerino Poletti
- Department of Diseases of the Thorax, GB Morgagni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Claudia Ravaglia
- Department of Diseases of the Thorax, GB Morgagni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Alfons Torrego
- Respiratory Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fabien Maldonado
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Robert Lentz
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Simona Pollini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Ombretta Para
- Internal Medicine Unit 1, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Greta Ciurleo
- Internal Medicine Unit 2, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Laura Rasero
- Department of Health Science, Clinical Innovations and Research Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Michele Spinicci
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mohammed Munavvar
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Respiratory, Lancashire Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Gasparini
- Interventional Pulmonology Unit, University Hospital Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Camilla Comin
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine Section of Surgery, Histopathology, and Molecular Pathology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Matucci Cerinic
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Peired
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Monique Henket
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Universitary Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Benoit Ernst
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Universitary Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Renaud Louis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Universitary Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-louis Corhay
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Universitary Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Cosimo Nardi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Radiodiagnostic Unit n. 2, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Julien Guiot
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Universitary Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Mannelli F, Piccini M, Bencini S, Gianfaldoni G, Peruzzi B, Caporale R, Scappini B, Fasano L, Quinti E, Ciolli G, Pasquini A, Crupi F, Pilerci S, Pancani F, Signori L, Tarantino D, Maccari C, Paradiso V, Annunziato F, Guglielmelli P, Vannucchi AM. Effect of age and treatment on predictive value of measurable residual disease: implications for clinical management of adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2024; 109:60-71. [PMID: 37345475 PMCID: PMC10772533 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.283196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Measurable residual disease (MRD) is a powerful predictor of outcome in acute myeloid leukemia. In the early phases of treatment, MRD refines initial disease risk stratification and is used for the allocation to allogeneic transplant. Despite its well-established role, a relatively high fraction of patients eventually relapses albeit achieving MRDneg status. The aim of this work was to assess specifically the influence of baseline features and treatment intensity on the predictive value of an MRDneg status, particularly focusing on MRD2, measured after two consecutive chemotherapy cycles. Among baseline features, younger MRD2neg patients (<55 years) had a significantly longer disease-free survival (median not reached) compared to their older counterparts (median 25.0 months, P=0.013, hazard ratio=2.08). Treatment intensity, specifically the delivery of a high dose of cytarabine in induction or first consolidation, apparently had a pejorative effect on the outcome of MRD2neg patients compared to standard dose (P=0.048, hazard ratio=1.80), a finding also confirmed by the analysis of data extracted from the literature. The combination of age and treatment intensity allowed us to identify categories of patients, among those who reached a MRD2neg status, characterized by significantly different disease-free survival rate. Our data showed that variables such as age and intensity of treatment administered can influence the predictive value of MRD in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. In addition to underscoring the need for further improvement of MRD analysis, these findings call for a reasoned application of MRD data, as currently available, to modulate consolidation therapy on adequately estimated relapse rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mannelli
- SOD Ematologia, Università di Firenze, AOU Careggi, Firenze, Italy; Centro Ricerca e Innovazione Malattie Mieloproliferative (CRIMM), AOU Careggi, Firenze.
| | - Matteo Piccini
- SOD Ematologia, Università di Firenze, AOU Careggi, Firenze
| | - Sara Bencini
- Centro Diagnostico di Citofluorimetria e Immunoterapia, AOU Careggi, Firenze
| | | | - Benedetta Peruzzi
- Centro Diagnostico di Citofluorimetria e Immunoterapia, AOU Careggi, Firenze
| | - Roberto Caporale
- Centro Diagnostico di Citofluorimetria e Immunoterapia, AOU Careggi, Firenze
| | | | - Laura Fasano
- SOD Ematologia, Università di Firenze, AOU Careggi, Firenze
| | - Elisa Quinti
- SOD Ematologia, Università di Firenze, AOU Careggi, Firenze
| | - Gaia Ciolli
- SOD Ematologia, Università di Firenze, AOU Careggi, Firenze
| | | | | | - Sofia Pilerci
- SOD Ematologia, Università di Firenze, AOU Careggi, Firenze
| | - Fabiana Pancani
- SOD Ematologia, Università di Firenze, AOU Careggi, Firenze, Italy; Centro Ricerca e Innovazione Malattie Mieloproliferative (CRIMM), AOU Careggi, Firenze
| | - Leonardo Signori
- SOD Ematologia, Università di Firenze, AOU Careggi, Firenze, Italy; Centro Ricerca e Innovazione Malattie Mieloproliferative (CRIMM), AOU Careggi, Firenze
| | - Danilo Tarantino
- SOD Ematologia, Università di Firenze, AOU Careggi, Firenze, Italy; Centro Ricerca e Innovazione Malattie Mieloproliferative (CRIMM), AOU Careggi, Firenze
| | - Chiara Maccari
- SOD Ematologia, Università di Firenze, AOU Careggi, Firenze, Italy; Centro Ricerca e Innovazione Malattie Mieloproliferative (CRIMM), AOU Careggi, Firenze
| | | | | | - Paola Guglielmelli
- SOD Ematologia, Università di Firenze, AOU Careggi, Firenze, Italy; Centro Ricerca e Innovazione Malattie Mieloproliferative (CRIMM), AOU Careggi, Firenze
| | - Alessandro M Vannucchi
- SOD Ematologia, Università di Firenze, AOU Careggi, Firenze, Italy; Centro Ricerca e Innovazione Malattie Mieloproliferative (CRIMM), AOU Careggi, Firenze
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4
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Cecchi L, Poncet P, Maltagliati L, Carli G, Macchia D, Maggi L, Meucci E, Parronchi P, Mazzoni A, Salvati L, Scala E, Sénéchal H, Aizawa T, Villalta D, Annunziato F, Cosmi L, Farsi A. Optimization of the diagnosis and characterization of gibberellin-regulated protein sensitization: An Italian cohort study. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2024; 132:82-90.e1. [PMID: 37758056 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pru p 7 was the first gibberellin-regulated protein (GRP) to be identified as a food allergen as the basis of a pollen food allergy syndrome. OBJECTIVE To clinically and biologically characterize a group of patients with suspected allergy to Pru p 7 to optimize the diagnostic workup of GRP sensitization. METHODS Allergy to Pru p 7 was suspected in the presence of a systemic allergic reaction to plant food, positive skin prick test results for cypress pollen and lipid-transfer protein-enriched peach extract, and absence of Pru p 3-specific immunoglobulin E. Controls were patients with food allergies, patients sensitized to Pru p 3, and patients with cypress allergy without food allergy. Diagnostic workup included skin tests, basophil activation test, Western blot, and single and multiplex assays. RESULTS In total, 23 patients and 14 controls were enrolled. The most implicated food was peach (91.3%). Approximately 70% of patients reacted to multiple foods. Mueller 4 reactions were 8.7%. In 26.1% of cases, a cofactor triggered the reaction. The basophil activation test results were positive for rPru p 7 in 87% of the patients. Specific immunoglobulin E to Pru p 7 was detected in 95.7% by singleplex and in 73.9% by multiplex assays in patients with suspected allergies; 73.9% of them also reacted to cypress pollen GRP (Cup s 7) in Western blot analysis. CONCLUSION Patients with Pru p 7-Cup s 7 allergy in our cohort confirm a mild-to-severe clinical syndrome characterized by pollen and food allergy. The diagnosis may benefit from the proposed selection criteria that can be used as preliminary steps to further characterize the cross-reactive GRP sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Cecchi
- SOSD Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Ospedale S. Stefano, USL Toscana Centro, Prato, Italy.
| | - Pascal Poncet
- Department of Biochemistry, Armand Trousseau Children Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Allergy & Environment Research Team, Paris, France; Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Lucia Maltagliati
- SOSD Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Ospedale S. Giovanni di Dio, USL Toscana Centro, Firenze, Italy
| | - Giulia Carli
- SOSD Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Ospedale S. Stefano, USL Toscana Centro, Prato, Italy
| | - Donatella Macchia
- SOSD Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Ospedale S. Giovanni di Dio, USL Toscana Centro, Firenze, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Elisa Meucci
- SOSD Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Ospedale S. Giovanni di Dio, USL Toscana Centro, Firenze, Italy
| | - Paola Parronchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy; Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Salvati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Enrico Scala
- Clinical and Laboratory Molecular Allergy Unit, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Hélène Sénéchal
- Department of Biochemistry, Armand Trousseau Children Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Allergy & Environment Research Team, Paris, France
| | - Tomoyasu Aizawa
- Hokkaido University, Protein Science Laboratory, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Danilo Villalta
- Immunologia e allergologia, Ospedale S. Maria degli Angeli, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy; Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy; Immunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Farsi
- SOSD Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Ospedale S. Stefano, USL Toscana Centro, Prato, Italy
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5
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Mazzoni A, Annunziato F, Maggi L. T lymphocytes-related cell network in the pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a key point for personalized treatment. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2024; 36:40-45. [PMID: 37905987 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous group of arthritis of unknown origin occurring in children under 16 years of age and persisting for at least 6 weeks. Given that JIA is an inflammatory disorder, treatment strategies, including also biologicals, are focused on suppressing excessive inflammation. The finding that different patients display different responses to biological drugs supports the concept that different pathogenic mechanisms can exist in JIA, with specific cellular and molecular mechanisms driving inflammation in each patient. The aim of this review is to highlight the most recent advances in understanding the role of immune cells in JIA pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS This review encompasses the role of the different cell subsets involved in sustaining inflammation in JIA, with a particular emphasis on T cells, as they orchestrate both innate and adaptive auto-reactive immunity in affected joints. SUMMARY The characterization of the cellular and molecular pathways supporting inflammation will be crucial to design novel therapeutic approaches in the context of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence
- Flow cytometry diagnostic center and immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence
- Flow cytometry diagnostic center and immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence
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Vivarelli E, Matucci A, Lucenteforte E, Bormioli S, Virgili G, Trotta M, Spinicci M, Bartoloni A, Zammarchi L, Peris A, Pieralli F, Lavorini F, Fontanari P, Morettini A, Nozzoli C, Poggesi L, Rossi O, Annunziato F, Almerigogna F, Vultaggio A. Effectiveness of tocilizumab in hospitalized moderate-to-severe COVID-19 patients: a real-life study. Panminerva Med 2023; 65:473-478. [PMID: 35274908 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.21.04523-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the clinical effectiveness of Tocilizumab (TCZ) in moderate-to-severe hospitalized COVID-19 patients and factors associated with clinical response. METHODS Five hundred eight inpatients with moderate-to-severe SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled. TCZ effect in addition to standard medical therapy was evaluated in terms of death during hospital stay. Unadjusted and adjusted risk of mortality for TCZ treated patients versus TCZ untreated ones was estimated using robust Cox regression model. We considered the combination of TCZ and ICU as time-dependent exposure and created a model using duplication method to assess the TCZ effect in very severe COVID-19 patients. RESULTS TCZ reduced death during hospital stay in the unadjusted model (HR 0.54, 95%CI 0.33-0.88) and also in the adjusted model, although with loss of statistical significance (HR 0.72, 0.43-1.20). Better effectiveness was observed in patients with low SpO2/FiO2 ratio (HR 0.35, 0.21-0.61 vs. 1.61, 0.54-4.82, P<0.05), and, without statistical significance, in patients with high CRP (HR 0.51, 0.30-0.87 vs. 0.41, 0.12-1.37, P=NS) and high IL-6 (HR 0.49, 0.29-0.82 vs. 1.00, 0.28-3.55, P=NS). TCZ was effective in patients not admitted to ICU, both in the unadjusted (HR 0.33, 0.14-0.74) and in the adjusted (HR 0.39, 0.17-0.91) model but no benefit was observed in critical ICU-admitted patients both in the unadjusted (HR 0.66, 0.37-1.15) and in the adjusted model (HR 0.95, 0.54-1.68). CONCLUSIONS Our real-life study suggests clinical efficacy of TCZ in moderate-to-severe COVID-19 patients but not in end-stage disease. Thus, to enhance TCZ effectiveness, patients should be selected before grave compromise of clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Matucci
- Unit of Immunoallergology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Ersilia Lucenteforte
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Susanna Bormioli
- Unit of Immunoallergology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Gianni Virgili
- Department of Ophthalmology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Michele Trotta
- Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Michele Spinicci
- Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zammarchi
- Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Adriano Peris
- Intensive Care Unit, Regional ECMO Referral Center, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Pieralli
- Intermediate Care Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Federico Lavorini
- Pneumology and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Fontanari
- Cardiac Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Nozzoli
- Internal Medicine Unit1, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Loredana Poggesi
- Internal Medicine Unit3, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Oliviero Rossi
- Unit of Immunoallergology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center, and Immunotherapy (CDCI), Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabio Almerigogna
- Unit of Immunoallergology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
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7
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Vanni A, Salvati L, Mazzoni A, Lamacchia G, Capone M, Francalanci S, Kiros ST, Cosmi L, Puccini B, Ciceri M, Sordi B, Rossolini GM, Annunziato F, Maggi L, Liotta F. Bendamustine impairs humoral but not cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in rituximab-treated B-cell lymphoma-affected patients. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1322594. [PMID: 38106404 PMCID: PMC10722279 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1322594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with B-cell lymphoma are a fragile category of subjects, particularly exposed to infections and characterized by an impaired vaccination response due to the disease itself and, even more, to the chemotherapy regimen. For this reason, extensive knowledge of the immune response status of these subjects is of fundamental importance to obtain possible indications for a tailored immunization strategy. Methods We enrolled two cohorts of patients with B-cell lymphoma under rituximab treatment or 3-24 months after treatment. In all patients, we evaluated both humoral and cellular immunological memory toward SARS-CoV-2, after standard vaccination and upon one booster dose. Results We observed no Spike-specific IgG production in patients (n = 25) under anti-CD20 treatment, whereas patients (n = 16) vaccinated after the completion of chemotherapy showed a higher humoral response. Evaluating SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell response, we found that patients in both cohorts had developed robust cellular immunity after vaccination. Of the 21 patients (51%) that experienced a breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection, only six patients developed severe disease. Interestingly, these six patients had all been treated with rituximab plus bendamustine. Notably, we observed that Spike-specific IgG levels in patients treated with rituximab plus bendamustine were absent or lower compared with those in patients treated with rituximab plus other chemotherapy, whereas Spike-specific T-cell response was not different based on chemotherapy regiment. Discussion Our results show that, in patients with B-cell lymphoma under rituximab therapy, anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination induces a weak or absent humoral response but a consistent T-cell response. In addition, chemotherapy regimens with bendamustine further reduce patients' ability to mount a Spike-specific humoral response even after a long time period from chemotherapy discontinuation. These results provide evidence that different chemotherapeutics display different immunosuppressive properties that could be taken in to account in the choice of the right drug regimen for the right patient. Moreover, they question whether immunocompromised patients, particularly those treated with bendamustine, need interventions to improve vaccine-induced immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vanni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Salvati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Lamacchia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Capone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefania Francalanci
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Seble Tekle Kiros
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Immunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Manuel Ciceri
- Hematology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Benedetta Sordi
- Hematology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
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8
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De Chiara L, Semeraro R, Mazzinghi B, Landini S, Molli A, Antonelli G, Angelotti ML, Melica ME, Maggi L, Conte C, Peired AJ, Cirillo L, Raglianti V, Magi A, Annunziato F, Romagnani P, Lazzeri E. Polyploid tubular cells initiate a TGF-β1 controlled loop that sustains polyploidization and fibrosis after acute kidney injury. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C849-C861. [PMID: 37642236 PMCID: PMC10635654 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00081.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Polyploidization of tubular cells (TC) is triggered by acute kidney injury (AKI) to allow survival in the early phase after AKI, but in the long run promotes fibrosis and AKI-chronic kidney disease (CKD) transition. The molecular mechanism governing the link between polyploid TC and kidney fibrosis remains to be clarified. In this study, we demonstrate that immediately after AKI, expression of cell cycle markers mostly identifies a population of DNA-damaged polyploid TC. Using transgenic mouse models and single-cell RNA sequencing we show that, unlike diploid TC, polyploid TC accumulate DNA damage and survive, eventually resting in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. In vivo and in vitro single-cell RNA sequencing along with sorting of polyploid TC shows that these cells acquire a profibrotic phenotype culminating in transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression and that TGF-β1 directly promotes polyploidization. This demonstrates that TC polyploidization is a self-sustained mechanism. Interactome analysis by single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that TGF-β1 signaling fosters a reciprocal activation loop among polyploid TC, macrophages, and fibroblasts to sustain kidney fibrosis and promote CKD progression. Collectively, this study contributes to the ongoing revision of the paradigm of kidney tubule response to AKI, supporting the existence of a tubulointerstitial cross talk mediated by TGF-β1 signaling produced by polyploid TC following DNA damage.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Polyploidization in tubular epithelial cells has been neglected until recently. Here, we showed that polyploidization is a self-sustained mechanism that plays an important role during chronic kidney disease development, proving the existence of a cross talk between infiltrating cells and polyploid tubular cells. This study contributes to the ongoing revision of kidney adaptation to injury, posing polyploid tubular cells at the center of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia De Chiara
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberto Semeraro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mazzinghi
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Samuela Landini
- Medical Genetics Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Alice Molli
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Antonelli
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Angelotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Melica
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Carolina Conte
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Julie Peired
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Luigi Cirillo
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Raglianti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Magi
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Romagnani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lazzeri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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9
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Ricci S, Abu-Rumeileh S, Campagna N, Barbati F, Stagi S, Canessa C, Lodi L, Palterer B, Maggi L, Matucci A, Vultaggio A, Annunziato F, Azzari C. Case Report: A child with NFKB1 haploinsufficiency explaining the linkage between immunodeficiency and short stature. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224603. [PMID: 37600787 PMCID: PMC10434558 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the case of a patient with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) presenting with short stature and treated with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH). Whole exome sequencing revealed a novel single-nucleotide duplication in the NFKB1 gene (c.904dup, p.Ser302fs), leading to a frameshift and thus causing NFKB1 haploinsufficiency. The variant was considered pathogenic and was later found in the patient's mother, also affected by CVID. This is the first reported case of a patient with CVID due to NFKB1 mutation presenting with short stature. We analyzed the interconnection between NFKB1 and GH - IGF-1 pathways and we hypothesized a common ground for both CVID and short stature in our patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Ricci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Immunology Division, Section of Pediatrics, Meyer Children’s Hospital Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Florence, Italy
| | - S. Abu-Rumeileh
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - N. Campagna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - F. Barbati
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - S. Stagi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Endocrinology Division, Section of Pediatrics, Meyer Children’s Hospital Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Florence, Italy
| | - C. Canessa
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Immunology Division, Section of Pediatrics, Meyer Children’s Hospital Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Florence, Italy
| | - L. Lodi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Immunology Division, Section of Pediatrics, Meyer Children’s Hospital Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Florence, Italy
| | - B. Palterer
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - L. Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - A. Matucci
- Immunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - A. Vultaggio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Immunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - F. Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - C. Azzari
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Immunology Division, Section of Pediatrics, Meyer Children’s Hospital Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Florence, Italy
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10
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Vanni A, Mazzoni A, Semeraro R, Capone M, Maschmeyer P, Lamacchia G, Salvati L, Carnasciali A, Farahvachi P, Giani T, Simonini G, Filocamo G, Romano M, Liotta F, Mashreghi MF, Cosmi L, Cimaz R, Magi A, Maggi L, Annunziato F. Clonally expanded PD-1-expressing T cells are enriched in synovial fluid of juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250162. [PMID: 37086046 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatic condition in childhood. The disease etiology remains largely unknown; however, a key role in JIA pathogenesis is surely mediated by T cells. T-lymphocytes activity is controlled via signals, known as immune checkpoints. Delivering an inhibitory signal or blocking a stimulatory signal to achieve immune suppression is critical in autoimmune diseases. However, the role of immune checkpoints in chronic inflammation and autoimmunity must still be deciphered. In this study, we investigated at the single-cell level the feature of T cells in JIA chronic inflammation, both at the transcriptome level via single-cell RNA sequencing and at the protein level by flow cytometry. We found that despite the heterogeneity in the composition of synovial CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, those characterized by PD-1 expression were clonally expanded tissue-resident memory (Trm)-like cells and displayed the highest proinflammatory capacity, suggesting their active contribution in sustaining chronic inflammation in situ. Our data support the concept that novel therapeutic strategies targeting PD-1 may be effective in the treatment of JIA. With this approach, it may become possible to target overactive T cells regardless of their cytokine production profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vanni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Roberto Semeraro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Manuela Capone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Patrick Maschmeyer
- Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Giulia Lamacchia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Salvati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Alberto Carnasciali
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Parham Farahvachi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
| | | | | | - Giovanni Filocamo
- Pediatric Rheumatology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano IT and University of Milan, Milan, Lombardy, Italy
| | - Micol Romano
- University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
- Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Mir-Farzin Mashreghi
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
- Immunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Rolando Cimaz
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Research Center for Adult and Pediatric Rheumatic Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Lombardy, Italy
| | - Alberto Magi
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
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11
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Atanasio A, Vanni A, Maggi L, Pilerci S, Mazzoni A, Capone M, Crupi F, Cicogna P, Boldrini V, Tekle S, Colao MG, Borella M, Paoli C, Rossolini GM, Vannucchi AM, Annunziato F, Guglielmelli P. Humoral and cellular responses after third dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in myeloproliferative neoplasms patients on ruxolitinib therapy. Leuk Res 2023; 131:107330. [PMID: 37269750 PMCID: PMC10226289 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2023.107330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Atanasio
- CRIMM, Centre of Research and Innovation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, University of Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy.
| | - A Vanni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - L Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - S Pilerci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - A Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - M Capone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - F Crupi
- CRIMM, Centre of Research and Innovation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, University of Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - P Cicogna
- CRIMM, Centre of Research and Innovation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, University of Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - V Boldrini
- CRIMM, Centre of Research and Innovation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, University of Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - S Tekle
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Italy
| | - M G Colao
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Italy
| | - M Borella
- CRIMM, Centre of Research and Innovation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, University of Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - C Paoli
- CRIMM, Centre of Research and Innovation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, University of Florence, Italy
| | - G M Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy; Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Italy
| | - A M Vannucchi
- CRIMM, Centre of Research and Innovation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, University of Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - F Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy; Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), Careggi University Hospital, Italy
| | - P Guglielmelli
- CRIMM, Centre of Research and Innovation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, University of Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
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12
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Capitini C, Bigi A, Parenti N, Emanuele M, Bianchi N, Cascella R, Cecchi C, Maggi L, Annunziato F, Pavone FS, Calamai M. APP and Bace1: Differential effect of cholesterol enrichment on processing and plasma membrane mobility. iScience 2023; 26:106611. [PMID: 37128606 PMCID: PMC10148118 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
High cholesterol levels are a risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease. Experiments investigating the influence of cholesterol on the proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by the β-secretase Bace1 and on their proximity in cells have led to conflicting results. By using a fluorescence bioassay coupled with flow cytometry we found a direct correlation between the increase in membrane cholesterol amount and the degree of APP shedding in living human neuroblastoma cells. Analogue results were obtained for cells overexpressing an APP mutant that cannot be processed by α-secretase, highlighting the major influence of cholesterol enrichment on the cleavage of APP carried out by Bace1. By contrast, the cholesterol content was not correlated with changes in membrane dynamics of APP and Bace1 analyzed with single molecule tracking, indicating that the effect of cholesterol enrichment on APP processing by Bace1 is uncoupled from changes in their lateral diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Capitini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Florence, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, 50019Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bigi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Niccolò Parenti
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, 50019Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Emanuele
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, 50019Florence, Italy
| | - Niccolò Bianchi
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, 50019Florence, Italy
| | - Roberta Cascella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Cecchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Saverio Pavone
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Florence, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, 50019Florence, Italy
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Largo Fermi 6, 50125Florence, Italy
| | - Martino Calamai
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, 50019Florence, Italy
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Largo Fermi 6, 50125Florence, Italy
- Corresponding author
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13
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Capone M, Peruzzi B, Palterer B, Bencini S, Sanna A, Puccini B, Nassi L, Salvadori B, Statello M, Carraresi A, Stefanelli S, Orazzini C, Minuti B, Caporale R, Annunziato F. Corrigendum to < Rapid evaluation of T cell clonality in the diagnostic work-up of mature T cell neoplasms: TRBC1-based flow cytometric assay experience><Translational Oncology, 26C (2022) 101552]>. Transl Oncol 2023; 30:101631. [PMID: 36801075 PMCID: PMC9951112 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Capone
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Benedetta Peruzzi
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Boaz Palterer
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Bencini
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Nassi
- Hematology, Unit AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Marinella Statello
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessia Carraresi
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefania Stefanelli
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Orazzini
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Caporale
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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14
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Vanni A, Carnasciali A, Mazzoni A, Russo E, Farahvachi P, Gloria LD, Ramazzotti M, Lamacchia G, Capone M, Salvati L, Calosi L, Bani D, Liotta F, Cosmi L, Amedei A, Ballerini C, Maggi L, Annunziato F. Musculin does not modulate the disease course of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and DSS colitis. Immunol Lett 2023; 255:21-31. [PMID: 36848960 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Previous evidences show that Musculin (Msc), a repressor member of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, is responsible in vitro for the low responsiveness of human Th17 cells to the growth factor IL-2, providing an explanation for Th17 cells rarity in inflammatory tissue. However, how and to what extent Musculin gene can regulate the immune response in vivo in an inflammatory context is still unknown. Here, exploiting two animal models of inflammatory diseases, the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) and the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, we evaluated the effect of Musculin gene knock-out on clinical course, performing also a deep immune phenotypical analysis on T cells compartment and an extended microbiota analysis in colitis-sick mice. We found that, at least during the early phase, Musculin gene has a very marginal role in modulating both the diseases. Indeed, the clinical course and the histological analysis showed no differences between wild type and Msc knock-out mice, whereas immune system appeared to give rise to a regulatory milieu in lymph nodes of EAE mice and in the spleen of DSS colitis-sick mice. Moreover, in the microbiota analysis, we found irrelevant differences between wild type and Musculin knock-out colitis-sick mice, with a similar bacterial strains' frequency and diversity after the DSS treatment. This work strengthened the idea of a negligible Msc gene involvement in these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vanni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Alberto Carnasciali
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Edda Russo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Parham Farahvachi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Leandro Di Gloria
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Matteo Ramazzotti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Giulia Lamacchia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Manuela Capone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Salvati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Laura Calosi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Daniele Bani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Clara Ballerini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy.
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
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15
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Sordi B, Vanderwert F, Crupi F, Gesullo F, Zanotti R, Bonadonna P, Crosera L, Elena C, Fiorelli N, Ferrari J, Grifoni F, Sciumè M, Parente R, Triggiani M, Palterer B, Mecheri V, Almerigogna F, Santi R, Di Medio L, Brandi ML, Iorno ML, Ciardetti I, Bencini S, Annunziato F, Mannarelli C, Pieri L, Guglielmelli P, Mannelli F, Vannucchi AM. Disease correlates and clinical relevance of hereditary α-tryptasemia in patients with systemic mastocytosis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:485-493.e11. [PMID: 36309122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic mastocytosis (SM) encompasses a heterogeneous group of clonal disorders characterized by abnormal expansion of mast cells (MCs). Beyond KIT and other genes recurrently mutated in myeloid neoplasms, several genetic variants have been described as predisposing to the development of the disease and influencing its clinical phenotype. Increased copy number variants of the TPSAB1 gene were identified as a cause of nonclonal elevated tryptasemia and defined as hereditary α-tryptasemia (HαT). Moreover, HαT is enriched in patients with SM, where it can affect the incidence of mediator-related symptoms. OBJECTIVE In a multicenter data set of 444 patients with MC disorders, we aimed to investigate the clinical correlates of germline TPSAB1 copy number gains. METHODS Droplet digital PCR was performed in all cases to ascertain the presence of HαT. Clinical history along with blood values and bone marrow examination were analyzed. RESULTS We confirmed a higher incidence of HαT+ cases (n = 59, 13.3%) in patients diagnosed with mastocytosis with respect to the general population (approximately 5%). HαT+ patients were characterized by a lower MC-associated disease burden and higher levels of tryptase. Several disease variables were coherent with this pattern, from bone marrow MC infiltration to MC-related histopathologic traits, which also accounted for a significantly higher incidence of clonal MC activation syndrome in HαT+ (10.2%) compared to HαT- (3.4%, P = .029) patients. We also confirmed that HαT+ carriers had a significantly higher frequency of anaphylaxis, without relevant differences for other clinical manifestations. CONCLUSION These findings on a large patient series support and extend previous data, and suggest that knowledge of HαT status may be useful for personalized management of patients with SM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Sordi
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Fiorenza Vanderwert
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Crupi
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Gesullo
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberta Zanotti
- UO Ematologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Patrizia Bonadonna
- UO Allergologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Lara Crosera
- UO Ematologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Elena
- Divisione di Ematologia, IRCCS S. Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicolas Fiorelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Federica Grifoni
- UOC Ematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariarita Sciumè
- UOC Ematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Parente
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Divisione di Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica, Università di Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Massimo Triggiani
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Divisione di Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica, Università di Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Boaz Palterer
- Centro di Diagnostica Citofluorimetrica e Immunoterapia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Mecheri
- SOD Immunoallergologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabio Almerigogna
- SOD Immunoallergologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Florence, Italy
| | - Raffaella Santi
- Sezione di Patologia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università di Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Di Medio
- SOD Malattie del Metabolismo Minerale e Osseo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- SOD Malattie del Metabolismo Minerale e Osseo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy; FirmoLab, Fondazione FIRMO, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Loredana Iorno
- Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica Azienda Toscana Centro Ospedale S. Giovanni di Dio, Florence, Italy
| | - Isabella Ciardetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, sezione Dermatologia, Università degli Studi di Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Bencini
- Centro di Diagnostica Citofluorimetrica e Immunoterapia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Centro di Diagnostica Citofluorimetrica e Immunoterapia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Florence, Italy
| | - Carmela Mannarelli
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Pieri
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Guglielmelli
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Mannelli
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro M Vannucchi
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy.
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16
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Maggi E, Parronchi P, Annunziato F. Legends of allergy and immunology: Sergio Romagnani. Allergy 2023; 78:324-326. [PMID: 36318520 DOI: 10.1111/all.15570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Maggi
- Department of Immunology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Parronchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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17
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Lamacchia G, Salvati L, Kiros ST, Mazzoni A, Vanni A, Capone M, Carnasciali A, Farahvachi P, Lagi F, Di Lauria N, Rocca A, Colao MG, Liotta F, Cosmi L, Rossolini GM, Bartoloni A, Maggi L, Annunziato F. Fourth Dose of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Transiently Reactivates Spike-Specific Immunological Memory in People Living with HIV (PLWH). Biomedicines 2022; 10:3261. [PMID: 36552017 PMCID: PMC9775459 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: People Living With HIV (PLWH), with advanced disease, lower CD4+ T cell counts or an unsuppressed HIV viral load can have a suboptimal vaccine response. For this reason, in the current COVID-19 pandemic, they represent a prioritized population for the SARS-CoV-2 fourth (or second booster) vaccine dose. This work aims to investigate the effects of a second booster on the reactivation of the spike-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in PLWH. Methods: A total of eight PLWH, who received a fourth dose of the original mRNA vaccines were enrolled. They were evaluated before and then 7 days, 1 month and 2 months after the injection. The humoral response was assessed via a chemiluminescent immunoassay. Immunophenotyping and the functional evaluation of the SARS-CoV-2-specific cellular immune responses were performed via flow cytometry. Results: Anti-spike IgG levels were above the cut-off value for all subjects at all timepoints. The spike-specific CD4+ T cell response was reactivated one week after the fourth vaccine dose, and on average declined at two months post-vaccination. A similar trend was observed for the spike-specific B cells. A low percentage of spike-specific CD4+ T cells was activated by the B.1.1.529 BA.1 Omicron-spike mutated peptides, and the majority of these cells were reactive to the conserved portions of the spike protein. Similarly, the majority of the spike-specific memory B cells were able to bind both Wuhan and Omicron-spike entire protein. Conclusions: Spike-specific adaptive immune responses are transiently reactivated in PLWH following the fourth mRNA vaccine dose. The breadth of the immune responses to the mutated spike protein provides insight on the possible cross-reactivity for the SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lamacchia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Salvati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Seble Tekle Kiros
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Vanni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Capone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Carnasciali
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Parham Farahvachi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Lagi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Di Lauria
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Arianna Rocca
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Colao
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Immunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
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18
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Capone M, Peruzzi B, Palterer B, Bencini S, Sanna A, Puccini B, Nassi L, Salvadori B, Statello M, Carraresi A, Stefanelli S, Orazzini C, Minuti B, Caporale R, Annunziato F. Rapid evaluation of T cell clonality in the diagnostic work-up of mature T cell neoplasms: TRBC1-based flow cytometric assay experience. Transl Oncol 2022; 26:101552. [PMID: 36183675 PMCID: PMC9530610 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of mature T cell neoplasms by flow cytometry is often challenging, due to overlapping features with reactive T cells and limitations of currently available T cell clonality assays. The description of an antibody specific for one of two mutually exclusive T cell receptor (TCR) β-chain constant regions (TRBC1) provides an opportunity to facilitate the detection of clonal TCRαβ+ T cells based on TRBC-restriction. Here we prospectively analyzed 14 healthy controls and 63 patients with the flow cytometry protocol currently used for suspected T cell neoplasm implemented with immunostaining targeting TRBC1. Specimens were firstly classified in 3 groups based on clinical records data, laboratory findings and immunophenotypic features. T cell clonality was assessed by TCR Vβ repertoire analysis and the new rapid TRBC1 assay. Results showed that TRBC1 unimodal expression was unequivocally associated with samples presenting with immunophenotypic aberrancies. Moreover, we demonstrated that the use of TRBC1 is useful in solving uncertain cases and confirmed the high sensitivity of the method in identifying small T cell clones of uncertain significance (T-CUS). Finally, we found a high degree of concordance (97%) comparing the currently available clonality assessment methods with the proposed new method. In conclusion, our results provided real-life evidence of the utility of TRBC1 introduction in the flow cytometric clonality evaluation for the routine diagnostic work-up of T cell neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Capone
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Benedetta Peruzzi
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Boaz Palterer
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Bencini
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Nassi
- Hematology, Unit AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Marinella Statello
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessia Carraresi
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefania Stefanelli
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Orazzini
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Caporale
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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19
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Salvati L, Liotta F, Annunziato F, Cosmi L. Therapeutical Targets in Allergic Inflammation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2874. [PMID: 36359393 PMCID: PMC9687898 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
From the discovery of IgE to the in-depth characterization of Th2 cells and ILC2, allergic inflammation has been extensively addressed to find potential therapeutical targets. To date, omalizumab, an anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, and dupilumab, an anti-IL-4 receptor α monoclonal antibody, represent two pillars of biologic therapy of allergic inflammation. Their increasing indications and long-term follow-up studies are shaping the many different faces of allergy. At the same time, their limitations are showing the intricate pathogenesis of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Salvati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Firenze, Italy
- Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Firenze, Italy
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Firenze, Italy
- Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Firenze, Italy
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20
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De Chiara L, Conte C, Semeraro R, Diaz-Bulnes P, Angelotti ML, Mazzinghi B, Molli A, Antonelli G, Landini S, Melica ME, Peired AJ, Maggi L, Donati M, La Regina G, Allinovi M, Ravaglia F, Guasti D, Bani D, Cirillo L, Becherucci F, Guzzi F, Magi A, Annunziato F, Lasagni L, Anders HJ, Lazzeri E, Romagnani P. Tubular cell polyploidy protects from lethal acute kidney injury but promotes consequent chronic kidney disease. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5805. [PMID: 36195583 PMCID: PMC9532438 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequent, often fatal and, for lack of specific therapies, can leave survivors with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We characterize the distribution of tubular cells (TC) undergoing polyploidy along AKI by DNA content analysis and single cell RNA-sequencing. Furthermore, we study the functional roles of polyploidization using transgenic models and drug interventions. We identify YAP1-driven TC polyploidization outside the site of injury as a rapid way to sustain residual kidney function early during AKI. This survival mechanism comes at the cost of senescence of polyploid TC promoting interstitial fibrosis and CKD in AKI survivors. However, targeting TC polyploidization after the early AKI phase can prevent AKI-CKD transition without influencing AKI lethality. Senolytic treatment prevents CKD by blocking repeated TC polyploidization cycles. These results revise the current pathophysiological concept of how the kidney responds to acute injury and identify a novel druggable target to improve prognosis in AKI survivors. Acute kidney injury is frequent, often fatal and can leave survivors with chronic kidney disease. Here the authors show that tubular cell polyploidy reduces early fatality sustaining residual function but promotes chronic kidney disease, which can be prevented by blocking YAP1
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia De Chiara
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Carolina Conte
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Roberto Semeraro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Paula Diaz-Bulnes
- Translational immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias ISPA, 33011, Oviedo, Asturias, España
| | - Maria Lucia Angelotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mazzinghi
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Alice Molli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy.,Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Giulia Antonelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Samuela Landini
- Medical Genetics Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Melica
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Anna Julie Peired
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Marta Donati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Gilda La Regina
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Marco Allinovi
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, 50134, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Ravaglia
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Santo Stefano Hospital, Prato, 59100, Italy
| | - Daniele Guasti
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, Imaging Platform, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Daniele Bani
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, Imaging Platform, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Luigi Cirillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy.,Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Francesca Becherucci
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Francesco Guzzi
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Santo Stefano Hospital, Prato, 59100, Italy
| | - Alberto Magi
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy.,Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), Careggi University Hospital, Florence, 50134, Italy
| | - Laura Lasagni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, LMU Hospital, Munich, 80336, Germany
| | - Elena Lazzeri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy.
| | - Paola Romagnani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy. .,Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, 50139, Italy.
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21
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Melica ME, Antonelli G, Semeraro R, Angelotti ML, Lugli G, Landini S, Ravaglia F, La Regina G, Conte C, De Chiara L, Peired AJ, Mazzinghi B, Donati M, Molli A, Steiger S, Magi A, Bartalucci N, Raglianti V, Guzzi F, Maggi L, Annunziato F, Burger A, Lazzeri E, Anders HJ, Lasagni L, Romagnani P. Differentiation of crescent-forming kidney progenitor cells into podocytes attenuates severe glomerulonephritis in mice. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabg3277. [PMID: 35947676 PMCID: PMC7614034 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abg3277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Crescentic glomerulonephritis is characterized by vascular necrosis and parietal epithelial cell hyperplasia in the space surrounding the glomerulus, resulting in the formation of crescents. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms driving this process. Inducing crescentic glomerulonephritis in two Pax2Cre reporter mouse models revealed that crescents derive from clonal expansion of single immature parietal epithelial cells. Preemptive and delayed histone deacetylase inhibition with panobinostat, a drug used to treat hematopoietic stem cell disorders, attenuated crescentic glomerulonephritis with recovery of kidney function in the two mouse models. Three-dimensional confocal microscopy and stimulated emission depletion superresolution imaging of mouse glomeruli showed that, in addition to exerting an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effect, panobinostat induced differentiation of an immature hyperplastic parietal epithelial cell subset into podocytes, thereby restoring the glomerular filtration barrier. Single-cell RNA sequencing of human renal progenitor cells in vitro identified an immature stratifin-positive cell subset and revealed that expansion of this stratifin-expressing progenitor cell subset was associated with a poor outcome in human crescentic glomerulonephritis. Treatment of human parietal epithelial cells in vitro with panobinostat attenuated stratifin expression in renal progenitor cells, reduced their proliferation, and promoted their differentiation into podocytes. These results offer mechanistic insights into the formation of glomerular crescents and demonstrate that selective targeting of renal progenitor cells can attenuate crescent formation and the deterioration of kidney function in crescentic glomerulonephritis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Melica
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Giulia Antonelli
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Roberto Semeraro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Angelotti
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Lugli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Samuela Landini
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Ravaglia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Gilda La Regina
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Carolina Conte
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Letizia De Chiara
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Anna Julie Peired
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mazzinghi
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Marta Donati
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Alice Molli
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Stefanie Steiger
- Division of Nephrology, Medizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der LMU München, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Alberto Magi
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Niccolò Bartalucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, CRIMM, Center Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, AOUC, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Valentina Raglianti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Francesco Guzzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alexa Burger
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Elena Lazzeri
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Division of Nephrology, Medizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der LMU München, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Laura Lasagni
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Corresponding authors. and
| | - Paola Romagnani
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence 50139, Italy,Corresponding authors. and
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22
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Lamacchia G, Mazzoni A, Spinicci M, Vanni A, Salvati L, Peruzzi B, Bencini S, Capone M, Carnasciali A, Farahvachi P, Rocca A, Kiros ST, Graziani L, Zammarchi L, Mencarini J, Colao MG, Caporale R, Liotta F, Cosmi L, Rossolini GM, Bartoloni A, Maggi L, Annunziato F. Clinical and Immunological Features of SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated Individuals Requiring Hospitalization. J Clin Immunol 2022; 42:1379-1391. [PMID: 35809212 PMCID: PMC9674730 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-022-01325-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose Waning immunity and the surge of SARS-CoV-2 variants are responsible for breakthrough infections, i.e., infections in fully vaccinated individuals. Although the majority of vaccinated infected subjects report mild or no symptoms, some others require hospitalization. The clinical and immunological features of vaccinated hospitalized COVID-19 patients are currently unknown. Methods Twenty-nine unvaccinated and 36 vaccinated hospitalized COVID-19 patients were prospectively enrolled and clinical and laboratory data were gathered. Immunophenotyping of leukocytes’ subsets, T and B cell SARS-CoV-2-specific responses were evaluated via flow cytometry. Anti-IFN-α autoantibodies were measured via ELISA. Results Despite vaccinated patients were older and with more comorbidities, unvaccinated subjects showed higher levels of pro-inflammatory markers, more severe disease, and increased mortality rate. Accordingly, they presented significant alterations in the circulating leukocyte composition, typical of severe COVID-19. Vaccinated patients displayed higher levels of anti-Spike IgGs and Spike-specific B cells. Of all participants, survivors showed higher levels of anti-Spike IgGs and Spike-specific CD4+ T cells than non-survivors. At hospital admission, 6 out of 65 patients (9.2%) displayed high serum concentrations of autoantibodies targeting IFN-α. Remarkably, 3 were unvaccinated and eventually died, while the other 3 were vaccinated and survived. Conclusion Despite more severe pre-existing clinical conditions, vaccinated patients have good outcome. A rapid activation of anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity is fundamental for the resolution of the infection. Therefore, prior immunization through vaccination provides a significant contribution to prevention of disease worsening and can even overcome the presence of high-risk factors (i.e., older age, comorbidities, anti-IFN-α autoantibodies). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10875-022-01325-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lamacchia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Michele Spinicci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Vanni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Salvati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Benedetta Peruzzi
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Bencini
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Capone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Carnasciali
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Parham Farahvachi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Arianna Rocca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Seble Tekle Kiros
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Lucia Graziani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zammarchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Mencarini
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Colao
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberto Caporale
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy.,Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.,Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy.,Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy.,Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy.
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50134, Florence, Italy. .,Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
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23
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Mannelli F, Bencini S, Coltro G, Loscocco GG, Peruzzi B, Rotunno G, Maccari C, Gesullo F, Borella M, Paoli C, Caporale R, Mannarelli C, Annunziato F, Guglielmelli P, Vannucchi AM. Integration of multiparameter flow cytometry score improves prognostic stratification provided by standard models in primary myelofibrosis. Am J Hematol 2022; 97:846-855. [PMID: 35338671 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Prognostic modeling in myelofibrosis (MF) has classically pursued the integration of informative clinical and hematological parameters to separate patients' categories with different outcomes. Modern stratification includes also genetic data from karyotype and mutations. However, some poorly standardized variables, as peripheral blood (PB) blast count by morphology, are still included. In this study, we used multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) with the aim of improving performance of existing scores. We studied 363 MF patients with available MFC files for PB CD34+ cells count determination at diagnosis. We adapted Ogata score to MF context including 2 parameters: absolute CD34+ cells count (/μL) and granulocytes to lymphocytes SSC ratio. A score of 1 was attributed to above-threshold values of each parameter. Accordingly, patients were categorized as MFClow (score = 0, 62.0%), MFCint (score = 1, 29.5%), and MFChigh (score = 2, 8.5%). MFClow had significantly longer median OS (not reached) compared to MFCint (55 months) and MFChigh (19 months). We integrated MFC into established models as a substitute of morphological PB blasts count. Patients were reclassified according to MFC-enhanced scores, and concordance (C-) indexes were compared. As regards IPSS, C-indexes were 0.67 and 0.74 for standard and MFC-enhanced model, respectively (Z score - 3.82; p = 0.0001). MFC-enhanced MIPSS70+ model in PMF patients yielded a C-index of 0.78, outperforming its standard counterpart (C-index 0.73; Z score - 2.88, p = 0.004). Our data suggest that the incorporation of MFC-derived parameters, easily attainable from standard assay used for CD34+ cells determination, might help to refine the current prognostic stratification models in myelofibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mannelli
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Bencini
- Centro Diagnostico di Citofluorimetria e Immunoterapia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Florence, Italy
| | - Giacomo Coltro
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppe G Loscocco
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
- Doctorate School GenOMec, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Benedetta Peruzzi
- Centro Diagnostico di Citofluorimetria e Immunoterapia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Florence, Italy
| | - Giada Rotunno
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Maccari
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Gesullo
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Miriam Borella
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Paoli
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberto Caporale
- Centro Diagnostico di Citofluorimetria e Immunoterapia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Florence, Italy
| | - Carmela Mannarelli
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Centro Diagnostico di Citofluorimetria e Immunoterapia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Guglielmelli
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro M Vannucchi
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Denothe Excellence Center, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
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24
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Gacci M, Coppi M, Baldi E, Sebastianelli A, Zaccaro C, Morselli S, Pecoraro A, Manera A, Nicoletti R, Liaci A, Bisegna C, Gemma L, Giancane S, Pollini S, Antonelli A, Lagi F, Marchiani S, Dabizzi S, Degl'Innocenti S, Annunziato F, Maggi M, Vignozzi L, Bartoloni A, Rossolini GM, Serni S. O-001 Semen impairment and occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in semen after recovery from COVID-19. Hum Reprod 2022. [PMCID: PMC9384383 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac104.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in human semen and its role in virus contagion and semen quality after recovery from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still unclear. Recent reports evidence that, after SARS-CoV-2 infection, male reproductive function and semen quality may be damaged. Aim To evaluate the semen parameters and inflammation of sexually active men following recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection at 1 month and 3 months follow-up after the second negative nasopharyngeal swab. Materials and methods A prospective cross-sectional study on sexually active men recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection was performed. For previously hospitalized COVID-19 patients, data on serum inflammatory markers were retrospectively collected. One month after the second SARS-CoV-2 negative nasopharyngeal swab and 3 months later, four biological fluid samples, namely saliva, pre-ejaculation urine, semen, and post-ejaculation urine, were collected. The occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the specimen was evaluated in all the biological fluids collected by RT-PCR. Female partners were retested if any specimen was found to be SARS-CoV-2 positive. Semen parameters were evaluated according to the World Health Organization manual edition V. Furthermore, semen inflammation was assessed by quantification of semen leukocytes and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels and evaluation of a panel of sperm cytokine levels by a two-step ELISA method. Results A total of 43 men were enrolled in the study. Three patients (7%) tested positive for at least one sample (one saliva; one pre-ejaculation urine; one semen and one post-ejaculation urine), so the next day new nasopharyngeal swabs were collected. The results from these 3 patients and their partners were all negative for SARS-CoV-2. At 1-month follow-up, 25% of the men with recent SARS-Cov-2 infections and proven healing were oligo-cryptoazoospermic, despite the absence of virus RNA in semen. Of the 11 men with semen impairment, 8 were azoospermic and 3 were oligospermic. Serum inflammatory markers (procalcitonin and C-reactive protein) were analyzed in previously hospitalized patients both at admission and at peak of infection. Levels at admission were statistically significantly higher in patients resulting in crypto-azoospermic with respect to those resulting in normozoospermic (p = 0.05; p = 0.03 and p = 0.02, respectively) after healing. Oligo-crypto-azoospermia was significantly related to COVID-19 severity (P < 0.001). A total of 33 patients (76.7%) showed pathological levels of IL-8 in semen. Interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α levels were significantly negatively related to sperm total number and concentration, whereas interleukin-4 was correlated with sperm motility. At 3-months follow-up, 8/10 men with semen impairment showed an overall increase of semen parameters compared to levels assessed after 1 month. Of the 4 crypto-/azoo-spermic men 1 month after healing, 2 resulted oligozoospermic, 1 normozoospermic and only 1 remained azoospermic. Two of the 3 oligozoospermic men turned normozoozpermic. Semen cytokine levels remained elevated after 3 months, except for IL-6. Discussion and conclusion SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in saliva, urine, and semen in a small percentage of men who recovered from COVID-19. 25% of men who recovered from COVID-19 demonstrated oligo-crypto-azoospermia. Negative correlations between interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α and sperm number and the overall high levels of semen cytokines indicate a potential detrimental role of SARS-CoV-2 driven inflammation on spermatogenesis. An overall tendency to an improvement of semen parameters was found although a genital tract inflammatory condition appears to persist at least 3 months after COVID-19 recovery. Despite the low number of enrolled patients may limit the statistical power of study and the fact that the previous semen quality of these men was unknown, our results indicate that male of reproductive age recovering from COVID-19 deserve accurate follow-up for their fertility status.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gacci
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC) University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - M Coppi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - E Baldi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
- Unit of Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence, AOUC and Center of Excellence DeNothe
| | - A Sebastianelli
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC) University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - C Zaccaro
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC) University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - S Morselli
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC) University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - A Pecoraro
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC) University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - A Manera
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC) University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - R Nicoletti
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC) University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - A Liaci
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC) University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - C Bisegna
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC) University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - L Gemma
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC) University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - S Giancane
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC) University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - S Pollini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - A Antonelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - F Lagi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - S Marchiani
- Unit of Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence, AOUC and Center of Excellence DeNothe
| | - S Dabizzi
- Unit of Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence, AOUC and Center of Excellence DeNothe
| | | | - F Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - M Maggi
- Endocrinology Unit and Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - L Vignozzi
- Unit of Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence, AOUC and Center of Excellence DeNothe
| | - A Bartoloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - G M Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence , Italy
| | - S Serni
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC) University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence , Italy
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25
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Palterer B, Salvati L, Capone M, Mecheri V, Maggi L, Mazzoni A, Cosmi L, Volpi N, Tiberi L, Provenzano A, Giglio S, Parronchi P, Maggiore G, Gallo O, Bartoloni A, Annunziato F, Zammarchi L, Liotta F. Variants Disrupting CD40L Transmembrane Domain and Atypical X-Linked Hyper-IgM Syndrome: A Case Report With Leishmaniasis and Review of the Literature. Front Immunol 2022; 13:840767. [PMID: 35572607 PMCID: PMC9096836 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
X-linked hyper-IgM (XHIGM) syndrome is caused by mutations of the CD40LG gene, encoding the CD40L protein. The clinical presentation is characterized by early-onset infections, with profound hypogammaglobulinemia and often elevated IgM, susceptibility to opportunistic infections, such as Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, biliary tract disease due to Cryptosporidium parvum, and malignancy. We report a 41-year-old male presenting with recurrent leishmaniasis, hypogammaglobulinemia, and myopathy. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) identified a missense variant in the CD40LG gene (c.107T>A, p.M36K), involving the transmembrane domain of the protein and a missense variant in the carnitine palmitoyl-transferase II (CPT2; c.593C>G; p.S198C) gene, leading to the diagnosis of hypomorphic XHIGM and CPT2 deficiency stress-induced myopathy. A review of all the previously reported cases of XHIGM with variants in the transmembrane domain showcased that these patients could present with atypical clinical features. Variants in the transmembrane domain of CD40LG act as hypomorphic generating a protein with a lower surface expression. Unlike large deletions or extracellular domain variants, they do not abolish the interaction with CD40, therefore preserving some biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boaz Palterer
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Flow Cytometric Diagnostic Centre and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Salvati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Capone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Mecheri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Immunology and Cell Therapies Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Nila Volpi
- Unit of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Lucia Tiberi
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Medical Genetics Unit, Meyer University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Aldesia Provenzano
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sabrina Giglio
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paola Parronchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Immunology and Cell Therapies Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Oreste Gallo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Flow Cytometric Diagnostic Centre and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zammarchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Immunology and Cell Therapies Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
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26
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Bello F, Emmi G, Tamburini C, Maggi L, Annunziato F, Cosmi L, Prisco D. Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis-related myocarditis during mepolizumab therapy reveals a Th1/Th17-mediated vasculitic response. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2022; 40:863-864. [PMID: 35485409 DOI: 10.55563/clinexprheumatol/envpc5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bello
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, and SOD Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Behçet Centre and Lupus Clinic, AOU Careggi Hospital of Florence, Italy
| | - Giacomo Emmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, and SOD Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Behçet Centre and Lupus Clinic, AOU Careggi Hospital of Florence, Italy.
| | - Carlo Tamburini
- SOD Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Behçet Centre and Lupus Clinic, AOU Careggi Hospital of Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, and Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Centre and Immunotherapy (CDCI), AOU Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Italy
| | - Domenico Prisco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, and SOD Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Behçet Centre and Lupus Clinic, AOU Careggi Hospital of Florence, Italy
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27
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Ghini V, Maggi L, Mazzoni A, Spinicci M, Zammarchi L, Bartoloni A, Annunziato F, Turano P. Serum NMR Profiling Reveals Differential Alterations in the Lipoproteome Induced by Pfizer-BioNTech Vaccine in COVID-19 Recovered Subjects and Naïve Subjects. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:839809. [PMID: 35480886 PMCID: PMC9037139 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.839809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
1H NMR spectra of sera have been used to define the changes induced by vaccination with Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine (2 shots, 21 days apart) in 10 COVID-19-recovered subjects and 10 COVID-19-naïve subjects at different time points, starting from before vaccination, then weekly until 7 days after second injection, and finally 1 month after the second dose. The data show that vaccination does not induce any significant variation in the metabolome, whereas it causes changes at the level of lipoproteins. The effects are different in the COVID-19-recovered subjects with respect to the naïve subjects, suggesting that a previous infection reduces the vaccine modulation of the lipoproteome composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ghini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Michele Spinicci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zammarchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Turano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), Florence, Italy
- *Correspondence: Paola Turano,
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28
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Mazzoni A, Vanni A, Spinicci M, Capone M, Lamacchia G, Salvati L, Coppi M, Antonelli A, Carnasciali A, Farahvachi P, Giovacchini N, Aiezza N, Malentacchi F, Zammarchi L, Liotta F, Rossolini GM, Bartoloni A, Cosmi L, Maggi L, Annunziato F. SARS-CoV-2 Spike-Specific CD4+ T Cell Response Is Conserved Against Variants of Concern, Including Omicron. Front Immunol 2022; 13:801431. [PMID: 35154116 PMCID: PMC8826050 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.801431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although accumulating data have investigated the effect of SARS-CoV-2 mutations on antibody neutralizing activity, less is known about T cell immunity. In this work, we found that the ancestral (Wuhan strain) Spike protein can efficaciously reactivate CD4+ T cell memory in subjects with previous Alpha variant infection. This finding has practical implications, as in many countries only one vaccine dose is currently administered to individuals with previous COVID-19, independently of which SARS-CoV-2 variant was responsible of the infection. We also found that only a minority of Spike-specific CD4+ T cells targets regions mutated in Alpha, Beta and Delta variants, both after natural infection and vaccination. Finally, we found that the vast majority of Spike-specific CD4+ T cell memory response induced by natural infection or mRNA vaccination is conserved also against Omicron variant. This is of importance, as this newly emerged strain is responsible for a sudden rise in COVID-19 cases worldwide due to its increased transmissibility and ability to evade antibody neutralization. Collectively, these observations suggest that most of the memory CD4+ T cell response is conserved against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, providing an efficacious line of defense that can protect from the development of severe forms of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Vanni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Michele Spinicci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Capone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Lamacchia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Salvati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Coppi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Antonelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Carnasciali
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Parham Farahvachi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Nicla Giovacchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Noemi Aiezza
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Zammarchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.,Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
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29
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Mazzoni A, Vanni A, Spinicci M, Lamacchia G, Kiros ST, Rocca A, Capone M, Di Lauria N, Salvati L, Carnasciali A, Mantengoli E, Farahvachi P, Zammarchi L, Lagi F, Colao MG, Liotta F, Cosmi L, Maggi L, Bartoloni A, Rossolini GM, Annunziato F. SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination trigger long-lived B and CD4+ T lymphocytes: implications for booster strategies. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:157990. [PMID: 35139036 PMCID: PMC8920339 DOI: 10.1172/jci157990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Vanni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Michele Spinicci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit
| | - Giulia Lamacchia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Seble Tekle Kiros
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit
| | - Arianna Rocca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Capone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Salvati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Carnasciali
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Parham Farahvachi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zammarchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit
| | | | | | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, and
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, and
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Microbiology and Virology Unit
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
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30
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Morselli S, Sebastianelli A, Liaci A, Zaccaro C, Pecoraro A, Nicoletti R, Manera A, Bisegna C, Campi R, Pollini S, Antonelli A, Lagi F, Coppi M, Baldi E, Marchiani S, Nicolò S, Torcia M, Annunziato F, Maggi M, Vignozzi L, Bartoloni A, Rossolini GM, Serni S, Gacci M. Male reproductive system inflammation after healing from coronavirus disease 2019. Andrology 2021; 10:1030-1037. [PMID: 34889528 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence that, after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, male reproductive function and semen quality may be damaged OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a panel of inflammatory mediators in semen in patients recovered from coronavirus disease 2019. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sexually active men with previous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and proven recovery from coronavirus disease 2019 were enrolled in a prospective cohort study. Clinical, uro-andrological data and semen specimens were prospectively collected. For previously hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 patients, data on serum inflammatory markers were retrospectively collected. RESULTS A total of 43 men were enrolled in the study. Of these, 32 men were normozoospermic, three were oligozoospermic, and eight were crypto-azoospermic. Serum inflammatory markers (procalcitonin and C-reactive protein) were analyzed in previously hospitalized patients both at admission and at peak of infection. Levels at admission were statistically significantly higher in patients resulting in crypto-azoospermic with respect to those resulting in normozoospermic (p = 0.05; p = 0.03 and p = 0.02, respectively) after healing. Seminal cytokine levels were similar among all groups. Interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α levels were significantly negatively related to sperm total number and concentration, whereas interleukin-4 was correlated with sperm motility. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Negative correlations between interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α and sperm number and the overall high levels of semen cytokines indicate a potential detrimental role of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 driven inflammation on spermatogenesis. Overall, our results indicate that male patients recovering from coronavirus disease 2019 deserve accurate follow-up for their fertility status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Morselli
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Arcangelo Sebastianelli
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Liaci
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Zaccaro
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Pecoraro
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Rossella Nicoletti
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alekseja Manera
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Bisegna
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Riccardo Campi
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Simona Pollini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Antonelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Lagi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Coppi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Baldi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Unit of Sexual Medicine and Andrology, Center of Excellence DeNothe, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Marchiani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sabrina Nicolò
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Torcia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Sexual Medicine & Andrology Unit - Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Linda Vignozzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Sexual Medicine & Andrology Unit - Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sergio Serni
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mauro Gacci
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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31
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Cossarizza A, Chang HD, Radbruch A, Abrignani S, Addo R, Akdis M, Andrä I, Andreata F, Annunziato F, Arranz E, Bacher P, Bari S, Barnaba V, Barros-Martins J, Baumjohann D, Beccaria CG, Bernardo D, Boardman DA, Borger J, Böttcher C, Brockmann L, Burns M, Busch DH, Cameron G, Cammarata I, Cassotta A, Chang Y, Chirdo FG, Christakou E, Čičin-Šain L, Cook L, Corbett AJ, Cornelis R, Cosmi L, Davey MS, De Biasi S, De Simone G, Del Zotto G, Delacher M, Di Rosa F, Di Santo J, Diefenbach A, Dong J, Dörner T, Dress RJ, Dutertre CA, Eckle SBG, Eede P, Evrard M, Falk CS, Feuerer M, Fillatreau S, Fiz-Lopez A, Follo M, Foulds GA, Fröbel J, Gagliani N, Galletti G, Gangaev A, Garbi N, Garrote JA, Geginat J, Gherardin NA, Gibellini L, Ginhoux F, Godfrey DI, Gruarin P, Haftmann C, Hansmann L, Harpur CM, Hayday AC, Heine G, Hernández DC, Herrmann M, Hoelsken O, Huang Q, Huber S, Huber JE, Huehn J, Hundemer M, Hwang WYK, Iannacone M, Ivison SM, Jäck HM, Jani PK, Keller B, Kessler N, Ketelaars S, Knop L, Knopf J, Koay HF, Kobow K, Kriegsmann K, Kristyanto H, Krueger A, Kuehne JF, Kunze-Schumacher H, Kvistborg P, Kwok I, Latorre D, Lenz D, Levings MK, Lino AC, Liotta F, Long HM, Lugli E, MacDonald KN, Maggi L, Maini MK, Mair F, Manta C, Manz RA, Mashreghi MF, Mazzoni A, McCluskey J, Mei HE, Melchers F, Melzer S, Mielenz D, Monin L, Moretta L, Multhoff G, Muñoz LE, Muñoz-Ruiz M, Muscate F, Natalini A, Neumann K, Ng LG, Niedobitek A, Niemz J, Almeida LN, Notarbartolo S, Ostendorf L, Pallett LJ, Patel AA, Percin GI, Peruzzi G, Pinti M, Pockley AG, Pracht K, Prinz I, Pujol-Autonell I, Pulvirenti N, Quatrini L, Quinn KM, Radbruch H, Rhys H, Rodrigo MB, Romagnani C, Saggau C, Sakaguchi S, Sallusto F, Sanderink L, Sandrock I, Schauer C, Scheffold A, Scherer HU, Schiemann M, Schildberg FA, Schober K, Schoen J, Schuh W, Schüler T, Schulz AR, Schulz S, Schulze J, Simonetti S, Singh J, Sitnik KM, Stark R, Starossom S, Stehle C, Szelinski F, Tan L, Tarnok A, Tornack J, Tree TIM, van Beek JJP, van de Veen W, van Gisbergen K, Vasco C, Verheyden NA, von Borstel A, Ward-Hartstonge KA, Warnatz K, Waskow C, Wiedemann A, Wilharm A, Wing J, Wirz O, Wittner J, Yang JHM, Yang J. Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition). Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:2708-3145. [PMID: 34910301 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202170126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The third edition of Flow Cytometry Guidelines provides the key aspects to consider when performing flow cytometry experiments and includes comprehensive sections describing phenotypes and functional assays of all major human and murine immune cell subsets. Notably, the Guidelines contain helpful tables highlighting phenotypes and key differences between human and murine cells. Another useful feature of this edition is the flow cytometry analysis of clinical samples with examples of flow cytometry applications in the context of autoimmune diseases, cancers as well as acute and chronic infectious diseases. Furthermore, there are sections detailing tips, tricks and pitfalls to avoid. All sections are written and peer-reviewed by leading flow cytometry experts and immunologists, making this edition an essential and state-of-the-art handbook for basic and clinical researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cossarizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Hyun-Dong Chang
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Biotechnology, Technische Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Radbruch
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Richard Addo
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Immanuel Andrä
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Francesco Andreata
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Eduardo Arranz
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular de Valladolid (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Petra Bacher
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel & Universitätsklinik Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sudipto Bari
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vincenzo Barnaba
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nano & Neuro Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Dirk Baumjohann
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cristian G Beccaria
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - David Bernardo
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular de Valladolid (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dominic A Boardman
- Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jessica Borger
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chotima Böttcher
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonie Brockmann
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Columbia University, New York City, USA
| | - Marie Burns
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk H Busch
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich, Germany
| | - Garth Cameron
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ilenia Cammarata
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonino Cassotta
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Yinshui Chang
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fernando Gabriel Chirdo
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos - IIFP (UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Eleni Christakou
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Luka Čičin-Šain
- Department of Viral Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Laura Cook
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Alexandra J Corbett
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca Cornelis
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Martin S Davey
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sara De Biasi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Gabriele De Simone
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Michael Delacher
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Centre for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Francesca Di Rosa
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - James Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jun Dong
- Cell Biology, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), An Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Dörner
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Regine J Dress
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charles-Antoine Dutertre
- Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherce Medicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisee-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Sidonia B G Eckle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pascale Eede
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilien Evrard
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christine S Falk
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Markus Feuerer
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Simon Fillatreau
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151-CNRS, UMR8253, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Aida Fiz-Lopez
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular de Valladolid (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Marie Follo
- Department of Medicine I, Lighthouse Core Facility, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gemma A Foulds
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
- Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Julia Fröbel
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- Department of Medicine, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Giovanni Galletti
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anastasia Gangaev
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natalio Garbi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - José Antonio Garrote
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular de Valladolid (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León (SACYL), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jens Geginat
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicholas A Gherardin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lara Gibellini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dale I Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paola Gruarin
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Haftmann
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Leo Hansmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (CVK), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher M Harpur
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adrian C Hayday
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Guido Heine
- Division of Allergy, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniela Carolina Hernández
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Hoelsken
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Qing Huang
- Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Samuel Huber
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johanna E Huber
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Hundemer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - William Y K Hwang
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Hematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Executive Offices, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matteo Iannacone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabine M Ivison
- Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hans-Martin Jäck
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter K Jani
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Baerbel Keller
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nina Kessler
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Steven Ketelaars
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Knop
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Knopf
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hui-Fern Koay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katja Kobow
- Department of Neuropathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katharina Kriegsmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H Kristyanto
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Krueger
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jenny F Kuehne
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heike Kunze-Schumacher
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pia Kvistborg
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Immanuel Kwok
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Daniel Lenz
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Megan K Levings
- Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Andreia C Lino
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Heather M Long
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Enrico Lugli
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Katherine N MacDonald
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mala K Maini
- Division of Infection & Immunity, Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, University College London, London, UK
| | - Florian Mair
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Calin Manta
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Armin Manz
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - James McCluskey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Henrik E Mei
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Fritz Melchers
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Melzer
- Clinical Trial Center Leipzig, Leipzig University, Härtelstr.16, -18, Leipzig, 04107, Germany
| | - Dirk Mielenz
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leticia Monin
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Luis Enrique Muñoz
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Miguel Muñoz-Ruiz
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Franziska Muscate
- Department of Medicine, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ambra Natalini
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Katrin Neumann
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Immunology Programme, Life Science Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Jana Niemz
- Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Samuele Notarbartolo
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
| | - Lennard Ostendorf
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura J Pallett
- Division of Infection & Immunity, Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, University College London, London, UK
| | - Amit A Patel
- Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherce Medicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisee-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Gulce Itir Percin
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Giovanna Peruzzi
- Center for Life Nano & Neuro Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - A Graham Pockley
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
- Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Katharina Pracht
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Immo Prinz
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Irma Pujol-Autonell
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nadia Pulvirenti
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
| | - Linda Quatrini
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Kylie M Quinn
- School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, RMIT University, Bundorra, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helena Radbruch
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hefin Rhys
- Flow Cytometry Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Maria B Rodrigo
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Chiara Romagnani
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carina Saggau
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel & Universitätsklinik Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Federica Sallusto
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lieke Sanderink
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Inga Sandrock
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christine Schauer
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Scheffold
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel & Universitätsklinik Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hans U Scherer
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Schiemann
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank A Schildberg
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kilian Schober
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Janina Schoen
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuh
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schüler
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Axel R Schulz
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schulz
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Schulze
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonia Simonetti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Jeeshan Singh
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katarzyna M Sitnik
- Department of Viral Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Regina Stark
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin - BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
- Sanquin Research - Adaptive Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Starossom
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Stehle
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Szelinski
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonard Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Immunology Programme, Life Science Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Attila Tarnok
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Preclinical Development and Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia Tornack
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Timothy I M Tree
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jasper J P van Beek
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Willem van de Veen
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - Chiara Vasco
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
| | - Nikita A Verheyden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anouk von Borstel
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kirsten A Ward-Hartstonge
- Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Klaus Warnatz
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Waskow
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Annika Wiedemann
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anneke Wilharm
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - James Wing
- Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Oliver Wirz
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jens Wittner
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jennie H M Yang
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Juhao Yang
- Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
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32
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Spinicci M, Mazzoni A, Borchi B, Graziani L, Mazzetti M, Bartalesi F, Botta A, Tilli M, Pieralli F, Coppi M, Giovacchini N, Colao MG, Saccardi R, Rossolini GM, Annunziato F, Bartoloni A. AIDS patient with severe T cell depletion achieved control but not clearance of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Eur J Immunol 2021; 52:352-355. [PMID: 34822185 PMCID: PMC9015404 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A late presenter AIDS patient with severe T cell depletion presented non-severe COVID-19 symptoms, with prolonged viral shedding. Our case report supports the hypothesis that an effective T cell response may be dispensable for the control of COVID-19 progression to severe forms, while it may be necessary for SARS-CoV-2 clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Spinicci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Beatrice Borchi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lucia Graziani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marcello Mazzetti
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Bartalesi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Annarita Botta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marta Tilli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Pieralli
- Intermediate Care Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Coppi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Nicla Giovacchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Colao
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Riccardo Saccardi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Cellular Therapies and Transfusion Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
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33
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Guglielmelli P, Mazzoni A, Maggi L, Kiros ST, Zammarchi L, Pilerci S, Rocca A, Spinicci M, Borella M, Bartoloni A, Rossolini GM, Annunziato F, Vannucchi AM. Impaired response to first SARS-CoV-2 dose vaccination in myeloproliferative neoplasm patients receiving ruxolitinib. Am J Hematol 2021; 96:E408-E410. [PMID: 34331712 PMCID: PMC8420430 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Guglielmelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Center Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (CRIMM) University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital Florence
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence, and Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence, and Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Seble Tekle Kiros
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence, and Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zammarchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence, and Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Sofia Pilerci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Center Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (CRIMM) University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital Florence
| | - Arianna Rocca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence, and Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Michele Spinicci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence, and Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Miriam Borella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Center Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (CRIMM) University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital Florence
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence, and Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence, and Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence, and Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Alessandro M. Vannucchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Center Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (CRIMM) University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital Florence
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34
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Mazzoni A, Salvati L, Maggi L, Annunziato F, Cosmi L. Hallmarks of immune response in COVID-19: Exploring dysregulation and exhaustion. Semin Immunol 2021; 55:101508. [PMID: 34728121 PMCID: PMC8547971 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
One and half year following the occurrence of COVID-19 pandemic, significant efforts from laboratories all over the world generated a huge amount of data describing the prototypical features of immunity in the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this Review, we rationalize and organize the main observations, trying to define a “core” signature of immunity in COVID-19. We identified six hallmarks describing the main alterations occurring in the early infection phase and in the course of the disease, which predispose to severe illness. The six hallmarks are dysregulated type I IFN activity, hyperinflammation, lymphopenia, lymphocyte impairment, dysregulated myeloid response, and heterogeneous adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Dysregulation and exhaustion came out as the trait d’union, connecting abnormalities affecting both innate and adaptive immunity, humoral and cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Salvati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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35
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Salvati L, Cosmi L, Annunziato F. From Emollients to Biologicals: Targeting Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10381. [PMID: 34638722 PMCID: PMC8508966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease and significantly impacts patients' lives, particularly in its severe forms. AD clinical presentation varies over the course of the disease, throughout different age groups, and across ethnicities. AD is characterized by a spectrum of clinical phenotypes as well as endotypes. Starting from the current description of AD pathogenesis, this review explores the rationale of approved AD therapies from emollients to biologicals and introduces novel promising drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (L.S.); (F.A.)
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36
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Gragnani L, Lorini S, Marri S, Basile U, Santarlasci V, Monti M, Madia F, Petraccia L, Stasi C, Marello N, Napodano C, Annunziato F, Zignego AL. Hematological and Genetic Markers in the Rational Approach to Patients With HCV Sustained Virological Response With or Without Persisting Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis. Hepatology 2021; 74:1164-1173. [PMID: 33721342 PMCID: PMC8519006 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) usually lead to improvement/remission of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (CV), although symptoms may persist/recur after a sustained virological response (SVR). We evaluated hematological and genetic markers in patients with HCV-SVR vasculitis with and without persisting/recurring symptoms to early predict the CV outcome. APPROACH AND RESULTS Ninety-eight patients with HCV-CV were prospectively enrolled after a DAA-induced SVR: Group A: 52 with complete clinical response; Group B: 46 with symptom maintenance/recurrence. Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis, t(14;18) translocation, and abnormal free light chains κ/λ ratios were detected by flow cytometry or nested-PCR or nephelometry in 4% Group A versus 17% Group B (P = 0.04) patients, 17% Group A versus 40% Group B patients (P = 0.02), and 17% Group A versus 47% Group B (P = 0.003) patients, respectively. At least 1 out of 3 clonality markers was altered/positive in 29% of Group A versus 70% of Group B patients (P < 0.0001). When available, pretherapy samples were also tested for t(14;18) translocation (detected in 12/37 [32%] Group A and 21/38 [55%] Group B) and κ/λ ratios (abnormal in 5/35 [14%] Group A and 20/38 [53%] Group B) (P = 0.0006), whereas at least one clonality marker was detected/altered in 16/37 (43%) Group A and 30/38 (79%) Group B (P = 0.002). CV-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms were tested by real-time PCR. Among them, notch4 rs2071286 T minor allele and TT genotype showed a higher frequency in Group B versus Group A (46% vs. 29%, P = 0.01, and 17% vs. 2%, P = 0.006, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Hematological or genetic analyses could be used to foresee the CV clinical response after DAA therapy and could be valuable to assess a rational flowchart to manage CV during follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gragnani
- MaSVE Interdepartmental Hepatology CenterDepartment of Experimental and clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceCenter for Research and Innovation CRIA‐MaSVEAOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | - Serena Lorini
- MaSVE Interdepartmental Hepatology CenterDepartment of Experimental and clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceCenter for Research and Innovation CRIA‐MaSVEAOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | - Silvia Marri
- MaSVE Interdepartmental Hepatology CenterDepartment of Experimental and clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceCenter for Research and Innovation CRIA‐MaSVEAOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | - Umberto Basile
- Area Diagnostica di LaboratorioFondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, I.R.C.C.S. RomeRomeItaly
| | - Veronica Santarlasci
- MaSVE Interdepartmental Hepatology CenterDepartment of Experimental and clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceCenter for Research and Innovation CRIA‐MaSVEAOU CareggiFlorenceItaly,Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI)Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Monica Monti
- MaSVE Interdepartmental Hepatology CenterDepartment of Experimental and clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceCenter for Research and Innovation CRIA‐MaSVEAOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | - Francesco Madia
- MaSVE Interdepartmental Hepatology CenterDepartment of Experimental and clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceCenter for Research and Innovation CRIA‐MaSVEAOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | - Luisa Petraccia
- MaSVE Interdepartmental Hepatology CenterDepartment of Experimental and clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceCenter for Research and Innovation CRIA‐MaSVEAOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | - Cristina Stasi
- MaSVE Interdepartmental Hepatology CenterDepartment of Experimental and clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceCenter for Research and Innovation CRIA‐MaSVEAOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | - Niccolò Marello
- MaSVE Interdepartmental Hepatology CenterDepartment of Experimental and clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceCenter for Research and Innovation CRIA‐MaSVEAOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | - Cecilia Napodano
- Dipartimento di scienze Mediche e ChirurgicheUOC Gastroenterologia Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” I.R.C.C.S.RomeItaly
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI)Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Anna Linda Zignego
- MaSVE Interdepartmental Hepatology CenterDepartment of Experimental and clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceCenter for Research and Innovation CRIA‐MaSVEAOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
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Annunziato F, Maggi L, Santoni A. Editorial-innate lymphoid cells, a new key component of the immune system. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 80:101009. [PMID: 34417023 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Annunziato
- University of Florence Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Firenze, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- University of Florence Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Angela Santoni
- University of Florence Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Firenze, Italy
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38
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Palomares F, Gómez F, Bogas G, Maggi L, Cosmi L, Annunziato F, Núñez R, Pérez N, Muñoz‐Cano R, Torres MJ, Mayorga C. Innate lymphoid cells type 2 in LTP-allergic patients and their modulation during sublingual immunotherapy. Allergy 2021; 76:2253-2256. [PMID: 33476397 PMCID: PMC8359238 DOI: 10.1111/all.14745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Palomares
- Allergy Research Group Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga‐IBIMA Málaga Spain
| | - Francisca Gómez
- Allergy Clinical Unit Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga Málaga Spain
| | - Gádor Bogas
- Allergy Clinical Unit Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga Málaga Spain
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Rafael Núñez
- Allergy Research Group Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga‐IBIMA Málaga Spain
| | - Natalia Pérez
- Allergy Clinical Unit Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga Málaga Spain
| | - Rosa Muñoz‐Cano
- Allergy Section Pneumology Department Institut Clínic Respiratori (ICR) Hospital Clínic de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - María José Torres
- Allergy Clinical Unit Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga Málaga Spain
- Medicine Department Universidad de Málaga‐UMA Málaga Spain
| | - Cristobalina Mayorga
- Allergy Research Group Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga‐IBIMA Málaga Spain
- Allergy Clinical Unit Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga Málaga Spain
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39
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Mazzoni A, Di Lauria N, Maggi L, Salvati L, Vanni A, Capone M, Lamacchia G, Mantengoli E, Spinicci M, Zammarchi L, Kiros ST, Rocca A, Lagi F, Colao MG, Parronchi P, Scaletti C, Turco L, Liotta F, Rossolini GM, Cosmi L, Bartoloni A, Annunziato F. First-dose mRNA vaccination is sufficient to reactivate immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 in subjects who have recovered from COVID-19. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:149150. [PMID: 33939647 DOI: 10.1172/jci149150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The characterization of the adaptive immune response to COVID-19 vaccination in individuals who recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection may define current and future clinical practice. To determine the effect of the 2-dose BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination schedule in individuals who recovered from COVID-19 (COVID-19-recovered subjects) compared with naive subjects, we evaluated SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific T and B cell responses, as well as specific IgA, IgG, IgM, and neutralizing antibodies titers in 22 individuals who received the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, 11 of whom had a previous history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Evaluations were performed before vaccination and then weekly until 7 days after second injection. Data obtained clearly showed that one vaccine dose is sufficient to increase both cellular and humoral immune response in COVID-19-recovered subjects without any additional improvement after the second dose. On the contrary, the second dose proved mandatory in naive subjects to further enhance the immune response. These findings were further confirmed at the serological level in a larger cohort of naive (n = 68) and COVID-19-recovered (n = 29) subjects, tested up to 50 days after vaccination. These results question whether a second vaccine injection in COVID-19-recovered subjects is required, and indicate that millions of vaccine doses may be redirected to naive individuals, thus shortening the time to reach herd immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Salvati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Vanni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Capone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Lamacchia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Michele Spinicci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit
| | - Lorenzo Zammarchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit
| | - Seble Tekle Kiros
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit
| | - Arianna Rocca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Lagi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Paola Parronchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit
| | - Cristina Scaletti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Microbiology and Virology Unit
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
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40
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Gacci M, Coppi M, Baldi E, Sebastianelli A, Zaccaro C, Morselli S, Pecoraro A, Manera A, Nicoletti R, Liaci A, Bisegna C, Gemma L, Giancane S, Pollini S, Antonelli A, Lagi F, Marchiani S, Dabizzi S, Nicolò S, Torcia M, Degl'innocenti S, Annunziato F, Maggi M, Vignozzi L, Bartoloni A, Rossolini GM, Serni S. Reply: COVID-19: semen impairment may not be related to the virus. Hum Reprod 2021; 36:2065-2066. [PMID: 33793848 PMCID: PMC8083456 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Gacci
- Department of Minimally Invasive, Robotic Urologic Surgery & Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Coppi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Baldi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Unit of Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Inconsistency, AOUC and Center of Excellence DeNothe, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Arcangelo Sebastianelli
- Department of Minimally Invasive, Robotic Urologic Surgery & Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Zaccaro
- Department of Minimally Invasive, Robotic Urologic Surgery & Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Simone Morselli
- Department of Minimally Invasive, Robotic Urologic Surgery & Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Pecoraro
- Department of Minimally Invasive, Robotic Urologic Surgery & Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alekseja Manera
- Department of Minimally Invasive, Robotic Urologic Surgery & Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Rossella Nicoletti
- Department of Minimally Invasive, Robotic Urologic Surgery & Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Liaci
- Department of Minimally Invasive, Robotic Urologic Surgery & Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Bisegna
- Department of Minimally Invasive, Robotic Urologic Surgery & Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Gemma
- Department of Minimally Invasive, Robotic Urologic Surgery & Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Saverio Giancane
- Department of Minimally Invasive, Robotic Urologic Surgery & Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Simona Pollini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Antonelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Lagi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Marchiani
- Unit of Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Inconsistency, AOUC and Center of Excellence DeNothe, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Dabizzi
- Unit of Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Inconsistency, AOUC and Center of Excellence DeNothe, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sabrina Nicolò
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Torcia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Selene Degl'innocenti
- Unit of Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Inconsistency, AOUC and Center of Excellence DeNothe, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Maggi
- Unit of Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Inconsistency, AOUC and Center of Excellence DeNothe, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Linda Vignozzi
- Unit of Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Inconsistency, AOUC and Center of Excellence DeNothe, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Sergio Serni
- Department of Minimally Invasive, Robotic Urologic Surgery & Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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41
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Tsalouchos A, Rossolini GM, Maggi L, Mazzoni A, Annunziato F, Dattolo PC. COVID-19 in a kidney transplant recipient after mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Transpl Infect Dis 2021; 23:e13649. [PMID: 34032340 PMCID: PMC8209832 DOI: 10.1111/tid.13649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aris Tsalouchos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Santa Maria Annunziata Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunoterapy (CDCI), Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Pietro Claudio Dattolo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Santa Maria Annunziata Hospital, Florence, Italy
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Gacci M, Coppi M, Baldi E, Sebastianelli A, Zaccaro C, Morselli S, Pecoraro A, Manera A, Nicoletti R, Liaci A, Bisegna C, Gemma L, Giancane S, Pollini S, Antonelli A, Lagi F, Marchiani S, Dabizzi S, Degl’Innocenti S, Annunziato F, Maggi M, Vignozzi L, Bartoloni A, Rossolini GM, Serni S. Semen impairment and occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in semen after recovery from COVID-19. Hum Reprod 2021; 36:1520-1529. [PMID: 33522572 PMCID: PMC7953947 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION How is the semen quality of sexually active men following recovery from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection? SUMMARY ANSWER Twenty-five percent of the men with recent SARS-Cov-2 infections and proven healing were oligo-crypto-azoospermic, despite the absence of virus RNA in semen. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The presence of SARS-CoV-2 in human semen and its role in virus contagion and semen quality after recovery from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still unclear. So far, studies evaluating semen quality and the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 in semen of infected or proven recovered men are scarce and included a limited number of participants. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A prospective cross-sectional study on 43 sexually active men who were known to have recovered from SARS-CoV2 was performed. Four biological fluid samples, namely saliva, pre-ejaculation urine, semen, and post-ejaculation urine, were tested for the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Female partners were retested if any specimen was found to be SARS-CoV-2 positive. Routine semen analysis and quantification of semen leukocytes and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels were performed. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Questionnaires including International Index of Erectile Function and Male Sexual Health Questionnaire Short Form were administered to all subjects. The occurrence of virus RNA was evaluated in all the biological fluids collected by RT-PCR. Semen parameters were evaluated according to the World Health Organization manual edition V. Semen IL-8 levels were evaluated by a two-step ELISA method. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE After recovery from COVID-19, 25% of the men studied were oligo-crypto-azoospermic. Of the 11 men with semen impairment, 8 were azoospermic and 3 were oligospermic. A total of 33 patients (76.7%) showed pathological levels of IL-8 in semen. Oligo-crypto-azoospermia was significantly related to COVID-19 severity (P < 0.001). Three patients (7%) tested positive for at least one sample (one saliva; one pre-ejaculation urine; one semen and one post-ejaculation urine), so the next day new nasopharyngeal swabs were collected. The results from these three patients and their partners were all negative for SARS-CoV-2. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Although crypto-azoospermia was found in a high percentage of men who had recovered from COVID-19, clearly exceeding the percentage found in the general population, the previous semen quality of these men was unknown nor is it known whether a recovery of testicular function was occurring. The low number of enrolled patients may limit the statistical power of study. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in saliva, urine, and semen in a small percentage of men who recovered from COVID-19. One-quarter of men who recovered from COVID-19 demonstrated oligo-crypto-azoospermia indicating that an assessment of semen quality should be recommended for men of reproductive age who are affected by COVID-19. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) None. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gacci
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - M Coppi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - E Baldi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Unit of Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence, AOUC and Center of Excellence DeNothe, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - A Sebastianelli
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - C Zaccaro
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - S Morselli
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - A Pecoraro
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - A Manera
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - R Nicoletti
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - A Liaci
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - C Bisegna
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - L Gemma
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - S Giancane
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - S Pollini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - A Antonelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - F Lagi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - S Marchiani
- Unit of Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence, AOUC and Center of Excellence DeNothe, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - S Dabizzi
- Unit of Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence, AOUC and Center of Excellence DeNothe, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | | | - F Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - M Maggi
- Endocrinology Unit and Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - L Vignozzi
- Unit of Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence, AOUC and Center of Excellence DeNothe, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - A Bartoloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - G M Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - S Serni
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
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43
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Mazzoni A, Maggi L, Capone M, Vanni A, Spinicci M, Salvati L, Tekle Kiros S, Semeraro R, Pengue L, Colao MG, Magi A, Rossolini GM, Liotta F, Cosmi L, Bartoloni A, Annunziato F. Heterogeneous magnitude of immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 in recovered individuals. Clin Transl Immunology 2021; 10:e1281. [PMID: 33976879 PMCID: PMC8101693 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Although the adaptive immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 has been characterised in the acute and early convalescent phase of the disease, few studies explore whether natural infection elicits long‐lasting immunological memory in recovered individuals. In this work, we aimed to assess the maintenance of immunological memory to SARS‐CoV‐2. Methods We evaluated the long‐term virus‐specific cellular and humoral immune response in the members of an Italian Serie A football team, who experienced a cluster of COVID‐19 in March 2020, which was strictly evaluated in the following months. Results Our results highlight a heterogeneous magnitude of immunological memory at 5 months after infection. Indeed, 20% of the subjects displayed a weak cellular and humoral memory to SARS‐CoV‐2, suggesting that they may be at higher risk of reinfection. In addition, a history of symptomatic COVID‐19 was associated with higher levels of SARS‐CoV‐2‐reactive CD4+ T cells and specific antibody levels than in asymptomatic individuals. Conclusion Collectively, these data demonstrate that immunity to SARS‐CoV‐2 is maintained five months postinfection even if the magnitude of response is heterogeneous among individuals. This finding suggests that some COVID‐19‐recovered subjects may benefit from vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Manuela Capone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Anna Vanni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Michele Spinicci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Lorenzo Salvati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Seble Tekle Kiros
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Roberto Semeraro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Luca Pengue
- Sports Medicine Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Colao
- Microbiology and Virology Unit Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Alberto Magi
- Department of Information Engineering University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy.,Microbiology and Virology Unit Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy.,Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy.,Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI) Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy.,Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy.,Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI) Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
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44
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Caproni M, Capone M, Rossi MC, Santarlasci V, Maggi L, Mazzoni A, Rossettini B, Renzi D, Quintarelli L, Bianchi B, Ninci A, Lami G, Calabrò A, Cosmi L, Annunziato F, Liotta F. T Cell Response Toward Tissue-and Epidermal-Transglutaminases in Coeliac Disease Patients Developing Dermatitis Herpetiformis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:645143. [PMID: 33959126 PMCID: PMC8093623 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.645143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The reason why only few coeliac patients develop the cutaneous manifestation of the disease, named dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), is still unknown. Epidermal transglutaminase (TG3) has been described as the main autoantigen of humoral immunity in DH but the mechanisms leading to this autoimmune response remain obscure. Here we characterized T cells from skin, gut and peripheral blood of DH and coeliac disease (CD) patients, evaluated the impact of the gluten-free diet on circulating T lymphocytes’ phenotype and investigated antigen specific T cell response toward epidermal and tissue transglutaminase (TG2). DH patients showed an increased frequency of skin-derived T cells producing TNFα when compared to CD patients. Moreover, circulating T cells producing TNFα and IL-17A positively correlated with clinical score of skin disease activity and decreased after gluten-free diet. Finally, TG2 and TG3-specific T cells resulted more reactive to antigens stimulation in DH patients and showed cross reactivity toward the two autoantigens in both the group of patients. Our data suggest a role of TNFα and IL-17A producing cells in the development of DH and, for the first time, show the existence of a crossed T cell response toward the two transglutaminases isoforms, thus suggesting new insights on T cells role in skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Caproni
- Rare Diseases Unit, Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, USL Toscana Centro, University of Florence, European Reference Network-Skin Member, Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Capone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Caterina Rossi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Veronica Santarlasci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Beatrice Rossettini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Renzi
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lavinia Quintarelli
- Rare Diseases Unit, Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, USL Toscana Centro, University of Florence, European Reference Network-Skin Member, Florence, Italy
| | - Beatrice Bianchi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ninci
- Medical Specialization School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriele Lami
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Antonio Calabrò
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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45
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Vannucchi AM, Sordi B, Morettini A, Nozzoli C, Poggesi L, Pieralli F, Bartoloni A, Atanasio A, Miselli F, Paoli C, Loscocco GG, Fanelli A, Para O, Berni A, Tassinari I, Zammarchi L, Maggi L, Mazzoni A, Scotti V, Falchetti G, Malandrino D, Luise F, Millotti G, Bencini S, Capone M, Piccinni MP, Annunziato F, Guglielmelli P. Compassionate use of JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib for severe COVID-19: a prospective observational study. Leukemia 2021; 35:1121-1133. [PMID: 32814839 PMCID: PMC7437386 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-01018-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Overwhelming inflammatory reactions contribute to respiratory distress in patients with COVID-19. Ruxolitinib is a JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor with potent anti-inflammatory properties. We report on a prospective, observational study in 34 patients with COVID-19 who received ruxolitinib on a compassionate-use protocol. Patients had severe pulmonary disease defined by pulmonary infiltrates on imaging and an oxygen saturation ≤ 93% in air and/or PaO2/FiO2 ratio ≤ 300 mmHg. Median age was 80.5 years, and 85.3% had ≥ 2 comorbidities. Median exposure time to ruxolitinib was 13 days, median dose intensity was 20 mg/day. Overall survival by day 28 was 94.1%. Cumulative incidence of clinical improvement of ≥2 points in the ordinal scale was 82.4% (95% confidence interval, 71-93). Clinical improvement was not affected by low-flow versus high-flow oxygen support but was less frequent in patients with PaO2/FiO2 < 200 mmHg. The most frequent adverse events were anemia, urinary tract infections, and thrombocytopenia. Improvement of inflammatory cytokine profile and activated lymphocyte subsets was observed at day 14. In this prospective cohort of aged and high-risk comorbidity patients with severe COVID-19, compassionate-use ruxolitinib was safe and was associated with improvement of pulmonary function and discharge home in 85.3%. Controlled clinical trials are necessary to establish efficacy of ruxolitinib in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro M Vannucchi
- Center Research Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (CRIMM), SOD Hematology, University of Florence and AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy.
| | - Benedetta Sordi
- Center Research Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (CRIMM), SOD Hematology, University of Florence and AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Nozzoli
- Internal Medicine Unit 1, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Alessandro Atanasio
- Center Research Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (CRIMM), SOD Hematology, University of Florence and AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Miselli
- Center Research Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (CRIMM), SOD Hematology, University of Florence and AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Paoli
- Center Research Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (CRIMM), SOD Hematology, University of Florence and AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppe G Loscocco
- Center Research Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (CRIMM), SOD Hematology, University of Florence and AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Ombretta Para
- Internal Medicine Unit 1, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Berni
- Internal Medicine Unit 3, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Irene Tassinari
- Intermediate Care Unit COVID-19, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Fabio Luise
- Intermediate Care Unit COVID-19, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Sara Bencini
- Cytometry and Immunotherapy Diagnostic Center (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Capone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marie Pierre Piccinni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Cytometry and Immunotherapy Diagnostic Center (CDCI), AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Guglielmelli
- Center Research Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (CRIMM), SOD Hematology, University of Florence and AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
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46
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Gallo O, Locatello LG, Mazzoni A, Novelli L, Annunziato F. The central role of the nasal microenvironment in the transmission, modulation, and clinical progression of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:305-316. [PMID: 33244161 PMCID: PMC7690066 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-00359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 enters into the human body mainly through the ACE2 + TMPRSS2+ nasal epithelial cells. The initial host response to this pathogen occurs in a peculiar immune microenvironment that, starting from the Nasopharynx-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (NALT) system, is the product of a long evolutionary process that is aimed to first recognize exogenous airborne agents. In the present work, we want to critically review the latest molecular and cellular findings on the mucosal response to SARS-CoV-2 in the nasal cavity and in NALT, and to analyze its impact in the subsequent course of COVID-19. Finally, we want to explore the possibility that the regulation of the systemic inflammatory network against the virus can be modulated starting from the initial phases of the nasal and nasopharyngeal response and this may have several clinical and epidemiological implications starting from a mucosal vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oreste Gallo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Careggi University Hospital, Largo Brambilla, 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Giovanni Locatello
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Careggi University Hospital, Largo Brambilla, 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Novelli
- Department of Pathology, Careggi University Hospital, Largo Brambilla, 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy,Flow Cytometry and Immunotherapy Diagnostic Center, Careggi University Hospital, Largo Brambilla, 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
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47
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Maschmeyer P, Heinz GA, Skopnik CM, Lutter L, Mazzoni A, Heinrich F, von Stuckrad SL, Wirth LE, Tran CL, Riedel R, Lehmann K, Sakwa I, Cimaz R, Giudici F, Mall MA, Enghard P, Vastert B, Chang HD, Durek P, Annunziato F, van Wijk F, Radbruch A, Kallinich T, Mashreghi MF. Antigen-driven PD-1 + TOX + BHLHE40 + and PD-1 + TOX + EOMES + T lymphocytes regulate juvenile idiopathic arthritis in situ. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:915-929. [PMID: 33296081 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
T lymphocytes accumulate in inflamed tissues of patients with chronic inflammatory diseases (CIDs) and express pro-inflammatory cytokines upon re-stimulation in vitro. Further, a significant genetic linkage to MHC genes suggests that T lymphocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis of CIDs including juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). However, the functions of T lymphocytes in established disease remain elusive. Here we dissect the transcriptional and the clonal heterogeneity of synovial T lymphocytes in JIA patients by single-cell RNA sequencing combined with T cell receptor profiling on the same cells. We identify clonally expanded subpopulations of T lymphocytes expressing genes reflecting recent activation by antigen in situ. A PD-1+ TOX+ EOMES+ population of CD4+ T lymphocytes expressed immune regulatory genes and chemoattractant genes for myeloid cells. A PD-1+ TOX+ BHLHE40+ population of CD4+ , and a mirror population of CD8+ T lymphocytes expressed genes driving inflammation, and genes supporting B lymphocyte activation in situ. This analysis points out that multiple types of T lymphocytes have to be targeted for therapeutic regeneration of tolerance in arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Maschmeyer
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gitta Anne Heinz
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher Mark Skopnik
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lisanne Lutter
- Center for Translational Immunology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine and DENOTHE Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Frederik Heinrich
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sae Lim von Stuckrad
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin SPZ (Center for Chronically Sick Children), Berlin, Germany
| | - Lorenz Elias Wirth
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cam Loan Tran
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - René Riedel
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Lehmann
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Imme Sakwa
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rolando Cimaz
- Anna Meyer Children's Hospital and University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Giudici
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marcus Alexander Mall
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Enghard
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bas Vastert
- Center for Translational Immunology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Hyun-Dong Chang
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pawel Durek
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany.,BCRT/DRFZ Single-Cell Laboratory for Advanced Cellular Therapies - Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine and DENOTHE Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Femke van Wijk
- Center for Translational Immunology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Andreas Radbruch
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tilmann Kallinich
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Mir-Farzin Mashreghi
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany.,BCRT/DRFZ Single-Cell Laboratory for Advanced Cellular Therapies - Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
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Salvati L, Occhipinti M, Gori L, Ciani L, Mazzoni A, Maggi L, Capone M, Parronchi P, Liotta F, Miele V, Annunziato F, Lavorini F, Cosmi L. Pulmonary vascular improvement in severe COVID-19 patients treated with tocilizumab. Immunol Lett 2020; 228:122-128. [PMID: 33161002 PMCID: PMC7644186 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As of October 2020 management of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is based on supportive care and off-label or compassionate-use therapies. On March 2020 tocilizumab - an anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody - was suggested as immunomodulatory treatment in severe COVID-19 because hyperinflammatory syndrome occurs in many patients similarly to the cytokine release syndrome that develops after CAR-T cell therapy. In our retrospective observational study, 20 severe COVID-19 patients requiring intensive care were treated with tocilizumab in addition to standard-of-care therapy (SOC) and compared with 13 COVID-19 patients receiving only SOC. Clinical respiratory status, inflammatory markers and vascular radiologic score improved after one week from tocilizumab administration. On the contrary, these parameters were stable or worsened in patients receiving only SOC. Despite major study limitations, improvement of alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient as well as vascular radiologic score after one week may account for improved pulmonary vascular perfusion and could explain the more rapid recovery of COVID-19 patients receiving tocilizumab compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Salvati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mariaelena Occhipinti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Leonardo Gori
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Ciani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Capone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Parronchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Vittorio Miele
- Department of Emergency Radiology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Federico Lavorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Pneumology and Intensive Care Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
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49
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Peruzzi B, Bencini S, Capone M, Mazzoni A, Maggi L, Salvati L, Vanni A, Orazzini C, Nozzoli C, Morettini A, Poggesi L, Pieralli F, Peris A, Bartoloni A, Vannucchi AM, Liotta F, Caporale R, Cosmi L, Annunziato F. Quantitative and qualitative alterations of circulating myeloid cells and plasmacytoid DC in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Immunology 2020; 161:345-353. [PMID: 32870529 PMCID: PMC7692244 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for a new infectious disease (COVID-19) in which individuals can either remain asymptomatic or progress from mild to severe clinical conditions including acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure. The immune mechanisms that potentially orchestrate the pathology in SARS-CoV-2 infection are complex and only partially understood. There is still paucity of data on the features of myeloid cells involved in this viral infection. For this reason, we investigated the different activation status profiles and the subset distribution of myeloid cells and their correlation with disease progression in 40 COVID-19 patients at different stages of disease. COVID-19 patients showed a decrease in the absolute number of plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells, different subset distribution of monocytes and different activation patterns of both monocytes and neutrophils, coupled to a significant reduction of HLA-DR monocyte levels. We found that some of these alterations are typical of all COVID-19 patients, while some others vary at different stages of the disease and correlate with biochemical parameters of inflammation. Collectively, these data suggest that not only the lymphoid, but also the myeloid compartment, is severely affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Peruzzi
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI)AOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | - Sara Bencini
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI)AOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | - Manuela Capone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Lorenzo Salvati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Anna Vanni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Chiara Orazzini
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI)AOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | | | | | - Loredana Poggesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
- Internal Medicine Unit 3AOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | | | | | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases UnitAOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | - Alessandro Maria Vannucchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
- Center for Research and Innovation on Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (CRIMM)SOD HematologyUniversity of Florence and AOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
- Immunology and Cell Therapy UnitAOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | - Roberto Caporale
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI)AOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
- Immunology and Cell Therapy UnitAOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI)AOU CareggiFlorenceItaly
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
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50
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Maggi E, Veneziani I, Moretta L, Cosmi L, Annunziato F. Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells: A Double-Edged Sword in Cancer? Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113452. [PMID: 33233582 PMCID: PMC7699723 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC2s) belong to the family of helper ILCs which provide host defense against infectious agents, participate in inflammatory responses and mediate lymphoid organogenesis and tissue repair, mainly at the skin and mucosal level. Based on their transcriptional, phenotypic and functional profile, ILC2s mirror the features of the adaptive CD4+ Th2 cell subset, both contributing to the so-called type 2 immune response. Similar to other ILCs, ILC2s are rapidly activated by signals deriving from tissue and/or other tissue-resident immune cells. The biologic activity of ILCs needs to be tightly regulated in order to prevent them from contributing to severe inflammation and damage in several organs. Indeed, ILC2s display both enhancing and regulatory roles in several pathophysiological conditions, including tumors. In this review, we summarize the actual knowledge about ILC2s ability to induce or impair a protective immune response, their pro- or antitumor activity in murine models, human (children and adults) pathologies and the potential strategies to improve cancer immunotherapy by exploiting the features of ILC2s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Maggi
- Immunology Department, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy; (I.V.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-6859-3617
| | - Irene Veneziani
- Immunology Department, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy; (I.V.); (L.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Immunology Department, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy; (I.V.); (L.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (L.C.); (F.A.)
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (L.C.); (F.A.)
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