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Lanza G, Salemi M, Mogavero MP, Catania V, Galeano A, Garifoli A, Lanuzza B, Morreale M, Tripodi M, Cantone M, Cappellani F, Concerto C, Rodolico A, Pennisi M, Bella R, Ferri R. Targeting the adenosinergic system in restless legs syndrome: A pilot, "proof-of-concept" placebo-controlled TMS-based protocol. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302829. [PMID: 38728342 PMCID: PMC11086884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a common sleep disorder characterized by an urge to move the legs that is responsive to movement (particularly during rest), periodic leg movements during sleep, and hyperarousal. Recent evidence suggests that the involvement of the adenosine system may establish a connection between dopamine and glutamate dysfunction in RLS. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive electrophysiological technique widely applied to explore brain electrophysiology and neurochemistry under different experimental conditions. In this pilot study protocol, we aim to investigate the effects of dipyridamole (a well-known enhancer of adenosinergic transmission) and caffeine (an adenosine receptor antagonist) on measures of cortical excitation and inhibition in response to TMS in patients with primary RLS. Initially, we will assess cortical excitability using both single- and paired-pulse TMS in patients with RLS. Then, based on the measures obtained, we will explore the effects of dipyridamole and caffeine, in comparison to placebo, on various TMS parameters related to cortical excitation and inhibition. Finally, we will evaluate the psycho-cognitive performance of RLS patients to screen them for cognitive impairment and/or mood-behavioral dysfunction, thus aiming to correlate psycho-cognitive findings with TMS data. Overall, this study protocol will be the first to shed lights on the neurophysiological mechanisms of RLS involving the modulation of the adenosine system, thus potentially providing a foundation for innovative "pharmaco-TMS"-based treatments. The distinctive TMS profile observed in RLS holds indeed the potential utility for both diagnosis and treatment, as well as for patient monitoring. As such, it can be considered a target for both novel pharmacological (i.e., drug) and non-pharmacological (e.g., neuromodulatory), "TMS-guided", interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lanza
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Maria P. Mogavero
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Sleep Disorders Center, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mariagiovanna Cantone
- Neurology Unit, Policlinico University Hospital “G. Rodolico-San Marco”, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Cappellani
- Ophtalomolgy Unit, Policlinico University Hospital “G. Rodolico-San Marco”, Catania, Italy
| | - Carmen Concerto
- Psychiatry Unit, Policlinico University Hospital “G. Rodolico-San Marco”, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rodolico
- Psychiatry Unit, Policlinico University Hospital “G. Rodolico-San Marco”, Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Pennisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rita Bella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Cappellani F, Card KR, Shields CL, Pulido JS, Haller JA. Reliability and accuracy of artificial intelligence ChatGPT in providing information on ophthalmic diseases and management to patients. Eye (Lond) 2024; 38:1368-1373. [PMID: 38245622 PMCID: PMC11076805 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-023-02906-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the accuracy of ophthalmic information provided by an artificial intelligence chatbot (ChatGPT). METHODS Five diseases from 8 subspecialties of Ophthalmology were assessed by ChatGPT version 3.5. Three questions were asked to ChatGPT for each disease: what is x?; how is x diagnosed?; how is x treated? (x = name of the disease). Responses were graded by comparing them to the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) guidelines for patients, with scores ranging from -3 (unvalidated and potentially harmful to a patient's health or well-being if they pursue such a suggestion) to 2 (correct and complete). MAIN OUTCOMES Accuracy of responses from ChatGPT in response to prompts related to ophthalmic health information in the form of scores on a scale from -3 to 2. RESULTS Of the 120 questions, 93 (77.5%) scored ≥ 1. 27. (22.5%) scored ≤ -1; among these, 9 (7.5%) obtained a score of -3. The overall median score amongst all subspecialties was 2 for the question "What is x", 1.5 for "How is x diagnosed", and 1 for "How is x treated", though this did not achieve significance by Kruskal-Wallis testing. CONCLUSIONS Despite the positive scores, ChatGPT on its own still provides incomplete, incorrect, and potentially harmful information about common ophthalmic conditions, defined as the recommendation of invasive procedures or other interventions with potential for adverse sequelae which are not supported by the AAO for the disease in question. ChatGPT may be a valuable adjunct to patient education, but currently, it is not sufficient without concomitant human medical supervision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Cappellani
- Retina Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin R Card
- Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carol L Shields
- Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jose S Pulido
- Retina Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julia A Haller
- Retina Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Rubegni G, Cartocci A, Tognetti L, Tosi G, Salfi M, Caruso A, Castellino N, Orione M, Cappellani F, Fallico M, D'Esposito F, Russo A, Gagliano C, Avitabile T. Design of a new 3D printed all-in-one magnetic smartphone adapter for fundus and anterior segment imaging. Eur J Ophthalmol 2024:11206721241246187. [PMID: 38644806 DOI: 10.1177/11206721241246187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe and validate a 3D-printed adapter tool which could be used with either a slit lamp or a condensing lens, interchangeable between devices through magnetic fastening, in order to provide physicians a quick, easy and effective method of obtaining clinical photos. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three specialists, with at least 4-year experience in ophthalmology, gave a rate of image quality obtained by our device and the diagnostic confidence grade. The 3 specialists conducted each 13 or 14 examinations with the smartphone and magnetic adapter. At the end of evaluation, they rated with the Likert scale the ease of use of the device in obtaining clinical images of the anterior segment and ocular fundus respectively. RESULTS Data of quality perception and confidence demonstrated high values not dissimilar to the "de visu" eye examination. Moreover the instrument we designed turned out to be very user friendly. CONCLUSION Our adapter coupled with a modern smartphone was able to obtain 4k images and videos of anterior segment, central and peripheral fundus, in an easy and inexpensive way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Rubegni
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cartocci
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Linda Tognetti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Tosi
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Salfi
- Department of mathematics and informatics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Caruso
- Department of mathematics and informatics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Orione
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Fallico
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Fabiana D'Esposito
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Russo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Gagliano C, Zeppieri M, Longo A, Rubegni G, Amato R, Foti R, Cappellani F, Cocuzza M, Visalli F, Cannizzaro L, Avitabile A, Gagliano G, Lapenna L, D’Esposito F. Efficacy and Safety of Artificial Tears Containing Lipidure and Hypromellose for the Treatment of Moderate Dry Eye Disease in Contact Lens Wearers. Medicina (Kaunas) 2024; 60:287. [PMID: 38399574 PMCID: PMC10890511 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Dry eye disease (DED) affects 5-50% of the global population and deeply influences everyday life activities. This study compared the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of novel Respilac artificial tears containing lipidure and hypromellose (HPMC) with the widely used Nextal artificial tears, which are also HPMC-based, for the treatment of moderate DED in contact lenses (CL) wearers. Materials and Methods: In a prospective, single-center, randomized investigation, 30 patients aged ≥18 years, diagnosed with moderate DED, and wearing CL were randomly assigned to the Respilac (n = 15) or Nextal group (n = 15). Patients self-administrated one drop of Respilac or Nextal in both eyes three times daily for 21 days. Changes in the endpoint (visual analogue scale (VAS) score for ocular tolerability, symptom assessment in dry eye (SANDE) score, non-invasive first break-up time (NIF-BUT) results, tear analysis value, meibography results, and CL tolerability results were assessed, comparing treatment groups and time-point evaluations. Adverse events (AEs) were also recorded and evaluated. Results: VAS scores decreased with time (p < 0.001) in both groups, showing no statistically significant difference among them (p = 0.13). Improvements were also detected from screening to end-of-treatment, which were indicated by the SANDE scores for severity and frequency (p < 0.001) and by tear analysis results (p < 0.001) with no observed difference between the Nextal and Respilac arms. NIF-BUT, meibography, and CL tolerability values were shown to be non-significantly affected by treatment and time. There were no AEs detected in this study cohort. Conclusions: Respilac was confirmed to be effective, safe, and well-tolerated. Lipidure-based ophthalmic solution was shown not to be inferior to the currently used Nextal, however, showing improvements in DED symptoms. Within the existing literature, our study is one of the first to report that MPC plus HPMC-containing eye drops are an effective option for the treatment of moderate dry eye disease and desiccation damage prevention in contact lens wearers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Gagliano
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna “Kore”, Piazza dell’Università, 94100 Enna, Italy;
- Eye Clinic, Catania University, San Marco Hospital, Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Antonio Longo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Catania, Piazza Università, 95123 Catania, Italy (L.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Giovanni Rubegni
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Catania, Piazza Università, 95123 Catania, Italy (L.C.); (A.A.)
- Ophthalmology Unit, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Roberta Amato
- Eye Clinic, Catania University, San Marco Hospital, Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Roberta Foti
- Eye Clinic, Catania University, San Marco Hospital, Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Cappellani
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Catania, Piazza Università, 95123 Catania, Italy (L.C.); (A.A.)
- Willis Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Massimiliano Cocuzza
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Catania, Piazza Università, 95123 Catania, Italy (L.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Federico Visalli
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Catania, Piazza Università, 95123 Catania, Italy (L.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Ludovica Cannizzaro
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Catania, Piazza Università, 95123 Catania, Italy (L.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Alessandro Avitabile
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Catania, Piazza Università, 95123 Catania, Italy (L.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Gagliano
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Catania, Piazza Università, 95123 Catania, Italy (L.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Lucia Lapenna
- Department of Ophthalmology, Di Venere’s Hospital of Bari, Via Ospedale di Venere, 1, 70012 Bari, Italy
| | - Fabiana D’Esposito
- Imperial College Ophthalmic Research Group (ICORG) Unit, Imperial College, London NW1 5QH, UK
- GENOFTA Srl, Sant’Agnello, 80065 Naples, Italy
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Verzì AE, Russo A, Castellino N, Caltabiano R, Fallico M, Cappellani F, Micali G, Lacarrubba F. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography of eyelid margin growths: A case series. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13559. [PMID: 38174775 PMCID: PMC10765353 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical differential diagnosis of lesions arising on the eyelid margin may be challenging and an unneeded surgical approach may have serious functional and aesthetic consequences. Nonetheless, early recognition and treatment of malignant tumors of the eyelid margin is mandatory. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a novel tool for the in vivo, real-time skin imaging. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to identify and analyze the LC-OCT features of a series of eyelid margin growths and to correlate these features with the histopathological findings. METHODS Patients with eyelid margin growths who were scheduled for lesion excision underwent LC-OCT examination. Inclusion criteria were a challenging clinical aspect of the lesions and a clinical history of recent onset (up to 12 months). In all cases, the histopathological examination of the excised lesions was performed for the final diagnosis. RESULTS A total of 31 lesions located on the upper (13 cases) or lower (18 cases) eyelid margin from 28 consecutive patients (male = 15, female = 13; mean age: 64.7 years, range: 44-87 years) were evaluated and excised. The histopathologic diagnoses were nodular basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (nine cases), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (three cases), compound nevus (four cases), dermal nevus (two cases), seborrheic keratosis (four cases), pyogenic granuloma (one case), trichilemmal cyst (three cases), and hidrocystoma (five cases). LC-OCT allowed the in vivo recognition of the main microscopic features of the examined lesions. CONCLUSIONS LC-OCT represents a promising tool for the evaluation of eyelid margin lesions. Advantages of non-invasive diagnosis particularly relevant in such a sensitive region include a more correct planning of the treatment and, in case of surgery, the most appropriate surgical approach and, importantly, a correct timing of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Russo
- Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly
| | | | - Rosario Caltabiano
- Department of MedicalSurgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, Anatomic PathologyUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly
| | - Matteo Fallico
- Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly
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Pennisi M, Lanza G, Vitello GA, Faro DC, Fisicaro F, Cappellani F, Bella R, Monte IP. Interdisciplinary Multidimensional Assessment of Transthyretin Amyloidosis before and after Tafamidis. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2305. [PMID: 38137907 PMCID: PMC10744917 DOI: 10.3390/life13122305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinically, there is considerable heterogeneity in the presentation of transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR), which ranges from primarily cardiac and primarily neurologic to mixed disease, among other manifestations. Because of this complex presentation, the diagnosis and management of patients with ATTR are often challenging and should be performed in interdisciplinary centers specialized in amyloidosis. Here, we aimed to increase awareness of ATTR detection and pathophysiology through a multidimensional multiorgan approach. CASE REPORT We reported on a 60-year-old man with wild-type ATTR who underwent a number of both basic and advanced cardiological and neurological investigations at baseline and after a treatment period with the TTR tetramer stabilizer, tafamidis. Several findings are provided here, some of which might be considered instrumental correlates of the patient's clinical improvement after therapy. CONCLUSIONS Adequate awareness and prompt recognition of ATTR support early diagnosis and faster access to therapies, thereby slowing the progression and improving the prognosis. The need for a multidisciplinary alliance between specialists and the opportunity to perform, at least in selected cases, a set of specific examinations for a detailed assessment of ATTR patients can also provide valuable insights into the physiopathology and response to therapy of a disease as complex and intriguing as ATTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Pennisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Giuseppe Lanza
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (D.C.F.); (I.P.M.)
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Via Conte Ruggero 73, 94018 Troina, Italy;
| | | | - Denise Cristiana Faro
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (D.C.F.); (I.P.M.)
| | - Francesco Fisicaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Francesco Cappellani
- Ophthalmology Unit, Policlinico University Hospital “G. Rodolico-San Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Rita Bella
- Department of Medical, Surgical, and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Ines Paola Monte
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (D.C.F.); (I.P.M.)
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Hjorth J, Cappellani F, Nielsen CJ, Restelli G. Determination of the nitrogen trioxide + nitrogen dioxide .fwdarw. nitric oxide + oxygen + nitrogen dioxide rate constant by infrared diode laser and Fourier transform spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100351a028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hjorth J, Ottobrini G, Cappellani F, Restelli G. A Fourier transform infrared study of the rate constant of the homogeneous gas-phase reaction nitrogen oxide (N2O5) + water and determination of absolute infrared band intensities of N2O5 and nitric acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100290a055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zerefos CS, Balis DS, Meleti C, Bais AF, Tourpali K, Kourtidis K, Vanicek K, Cappellani F, Kaminski U, Colombo T, Stübi R, Manea L, Formenti P, Andreae MO. Changes in surface solar UV irradiances and total ozone during the solar eclipse of August 11, 1999. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
Since 1992 solar ultraviolet (UV) spectral irradiance (290-325 nm) has been measured at two Italian stations of Rome (urban site) and Ispra (semirural site) using Brewer spectrophotometry. The data collected under all sky conditions, are compared with the output of a sophisticated radiative transfer model (System for Transfer of Atmospheric Radiation--STAR model). The STAR multiple scattering scheme is able to cope with all physical processes relevant to the UV transfer through the atmosphere. The experience so far acquired indicates that, in spite of the unavoidable uncertainties in the input parameters (ozone, aerosol, surface albedo, pressure, temperature, relative humidity, cloud cover), measured and computed clear sky iradiances are in reasonable agreement. The STAR model is applied to build up the solar UV geographic patterns in Italy: the daily dose in the range 290-325 nm is computed at about 70 sites where a thorough and homogeneous climatology is available. For each month the concept of an idealized "standard day" is introduced and the surface distribution of solar UV field determined. The map of solar UV patterns for Italy, available for the first time, meets the study requirements in the field of skin and eye epidemiology, as well as in other investigations dealing with the impact of UV on the biosphere. The results are interpreted in terms of atmospheric and meteorological parameters modulating UV radiation reaching the ground.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Meloni
- Department of Physics, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy
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Meleti C, Cappellani F. Measurements of aerosol optical depth at Ispra: Analysis of the correlation with UV-B, UV-A, and total solar irradiance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Casale GR, Meloni D, Miano S, Palmieri S, Siani AM, Cappellani F. Solar UV-B irradiance and total ozone in Italy: Fluctuations and trends. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Cappellani F, Bielli A. Correlation between SO2 and NO 2 measured in an atmospheric column by a Brewer spectrophotometer and at ground-level by photochemical techniques. Environ Monit Assess 1995; 35:77-84. [PMID: 24202269 DOI: 10.1007/bf00633707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/1993] [Revised: 09/15/1994] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An investigation to determine the correlation of atmospheric amounts of SO2 and NO2 between columnar measurements from the ground and ground point determinations has been performed. The experimental data have been obtained from a Brewer spectrophotometer for columnar measurements and standard analytical techniques for ground measurements.The results show that the Brewer can give a correct indication of the trend of these pollutants on a monthly averaged basis. The possibility of deducing the mixing layer depth from the measured data has also been investigated but the results obtained are not conclusive due to the lack of an accurate experimental verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Cappellani
- Commission of the European Communities, Joint Research Center-Ispra Establishment, I-21020, Ispra (VA), Italy
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Cappellani F, Restelli G. Infrared band strengths and their temperature dependence of the hydrohalocarbons HFC-134a, HFC-152a, HCFC-22, HCFC-123 and HCFC-142b. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0584-8539(92)80122-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Notholt J, Cappellani F, Roesdahl H, Restelli G. Absolute infrared band intensities and air broadening coefficient for spectroscopic measurements of formic acid in air. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0584-8539(91)80125-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lacome N, Cappellani F, Restelli G. Tunable diode laser measurements of broadening coefficients of lines in the nu(6) fundamental of (12)CH(3)D. Appl Opt 1987; 26:766-768. [PMID: 20454217 DOI: 10.1364/ao.26.000766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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Cappellani F, Melandrone G, Restelli G. Diode laser system for measurement of gaseous ammonia in ambient air. Environ Monit Assess 1985; 5:271-281. [PMID: 24258033 DOI: 10.1007/bf00394068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The use of a second harmonic diode laser system for monitoring gaseous ammonia in tropospheric air is discussed. Using a 96 m White cell operated at 13 torr pressure in flow mode, a minimum detectable concentration lower than 1 ppbv was obtained.The NH3 mixing ratio was determined by simultaneous spectroscopic analysis of an atmospheric CO2 line used as a built-in calibration standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Cappellani
- Commission of the European Communities, Joint Research Centre, Ispra Establishment, 1-21020, Ispra (Varese), Italy
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Restelli G, Cappellani F. Calibration technique for IR-laser second-derivative monitoring of some trace gases in tropospheric air. Appl Opt 1985; 24:2480-2481. [PMID: 20440327 DOI: 10.1364/ao.24.002480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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