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Greene MA, Worley GA, Udoka ANS, Powell RR, Bruce T, Klotz JL, Bridges WC, Duckett SK. Use of AgomiR and AntagomiR technologies to alter satellite cell proliferation in vitro, miRNA expression, and muscle fiber hypertrophy in intrauterine growth-restricted lambs. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1286890. [PMID: 38028550 PMCID: PMC10656622 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1286890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that work at the posttranscriptional level to repress gene expression. Several miRNAs are preferentially expressed in skeletal muscle and participate in myogenesis. This research was conducted to alter endogenous miRNA expression in skeletal muscle to promote muscle hypertrophy. Methods: Two experiments were conducted using mimic/agomiR or antagomir technologies to alter miRNA expression and examine changes in myoblast proliferation in vitro (experiment 1) and muscle hypertrophy in vivo (experiment 2). In vitro experiments found that antagomiR-22-3p and mimic-127 increased myoblast proliferation compared to other miRNA treatments or controls. These miRNA treatments, antagomiR-22-3p (ANT22) and agomiR-127 (AGO127), were then used for intramuscular injections in longissimus muscle. Results and discussion: The use of antagomiR or mimic/agomiR treatments down-regulated or up-regulated, respectively, miRNA expression for that miRNA of interest. Expression of predicted target KIF3B mRNA for miR-127 was up-regulated and ACVR2a mRNA was up-regulated for miR-22-3p. ANT22 injection also up-regulated the major regulator of protein synthesis (mTOR). Proteomic analyses identified 11 proteins for AGO127 and 9 proteins for ANT22 that were differentially expressed. Muscle fiber type and cross-sectional area were altered for ANT22 treatments to transition fibers to a more oxidative state. The use of agomiR and antagomir technologies allows us to alter miRNA expression in vitro and in vivo to enhance myoblast proliferation and alter muscle fiber hypertrophy in IUGR lambs during early postnatal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Greene
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - G. A. Worley
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - A. N. S. Udoka
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - R. R. Powell
- Clemson Light Imaging Facility, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - T. Bruce
- Clemson Light Imaging Facility, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - J. L. Klotz
- U. S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Forage-Animal Production Research Unit, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - W. C. Bridges
- Clemson Light Imaging Facility, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - S. K. Duckett
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the practicality and validity of laryngeal ultrasound to establish vocal fold movement in children with suspected vocal fold palsy. Fifty-five consecutive patients (age range three days to 12 years) with suspected vocal fold palsy underwent both laryngoscopy and laryngeal ultrasound. Ultrasonographic findings correlated with endoscopic findings in 81.2 per cent of cases. This, however, rose to a concordance rate of 89.5 per cent in patients aged over 12 months. Laryngeal ultrasound is well-tolerated, safe and non-invasive and the authors feel that it is a useful adjunct to endoscopy in the diagnosis of vocal fold palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vats
- Department of Paediatric Otolaryngology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London UK
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Worley GA, Kotnis R, Jacomb-Hood J, Salama N. The effectiveness of guidelines in reducing inappropriate CT scans of the paranasal sinuses. Rhinology 2001; 39:125-7. [PMID: 11721500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
An effective system for scoring pathological changes on CT scans of the paranasal sinuses has been developed by Lund & Mackay. We have performed an audit using 100 outpatients with nasal symptoms and found that adherence to guidelines prior to ordering CT scans of the paranasal sinuses correlates with an increased average Lund & Mackay score. Using these guidelines has also reduced the number of inappropriate CT scan requests.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Worley
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Lewisham, Lewisham High Street, Lewisham, London SE13 6LH, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Branchio-oto-renal syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by hearing loss, branchial arch abnormalities and renal tract malformations. We present the first reported case of branchio-oto-renal syndrome associated with bilateral congenital cholesteatoma and ossicular chain abnormalities. The pathogenesis of this syndrome is described and the literature is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Worley
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
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Abstract
Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma presenting in the head and neck is extremely rare. Histological diagnosis is difficult and requires close co-operation between clinician, radiologist and pathologist. The tumour has a good prognosis in comparison to myxoid chondrosarcoma of the bone but surgical resection may be difficult due to its gelatinous nature. We present a case of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma originating in the external auditory meatus of a 42-year-old man. This is the first report of this tumour in this site.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Worley
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kent and Sussex Weald NHS Trust, Kent and Sussex Hospital, Tunbridge Wells, UK
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Abstract
A very rare case of a sebaceous carcinoma of the external auditory canal with basal cell differentiation is presented. Fewer than 400 cases affecting any part of the body have so far been reported and of that only seven cases have been known to involve the external auditory canal. The clinical features, pathology and treatment are described and the relevant literature has been reviewed.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous/pathology
- Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous/radiotherapy
- Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous/surgery
- Carcinoma, Basal Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Basal Cell/radiotherapy
- Carcinoma, Basal Cell/surgery
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Ear Neoplasms/pathology
- Ear Neoplasms/radiotherapy
- Ear Neoplasms/surgery
- Ear, External
- Ear, Middle
- Female
- Humans
- Mastoid/surgery
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/radiotherapy
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ray
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kent County Ophthalmic and Aural Hospital, Maidstone, Kent, UK
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Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum affecting the nose is rare and this may lead to diagnostic confusion because of the large differential diagnosis. As diagnosis is made, largely, on the basis of exclusion the treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum may be unduly delayed. The condition is often disfiguring, particularly following inappropriate surgical intervention, and early diagnosis is therefore important. We present a case of pyoderma gangrenosum managed initially in the community with minor surgery and resulting in the rare complication of saddle nose deformity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Worley
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kent and Sussex Weald NHS Trust, Kent and Sussex Hospital, Tunbridge Wells, UK
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Abstract
Mycotic aneurysms of the extracranial carotid arteries are extremely rare. A case is reported of a false aneurysm of the left external carotid artery. This developed secondary to cervical lymphadenitis which did not settle with high dose antibiotic therapy. The diagnosis was made on investigation with carotid doppler ultrasound and confirmed with computerized tomography. Digital subtraction angiography was performed to highlight the vascular anatomy. In addition percutaneous balloon catheter control of blood flow in the external carotid artery was used as an adjunct to surgical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Worley
- Department of Otolaryngology, St George's Hospital, London, UK
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