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Czarnek G, Kossowska M. Strong correlational but no causal evidence on the link between the perception of scientific consensus and support for vaccination. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296066. [PMID: 38170738 PMCID: PMC10763927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
We examine the relationships between the perception of the scientific consensus regarding vaccines, and vaccine attitudes and intentions (N total = 2,362) in the context of COVID-19 disease. Based on the correlational evidence found (Study 1), perceived scientific consensus and vaccine attitudes are closely related. This association was stronger among people who trust (vs. distrust) scientists; however, political ideology did not moderate these effects. The experimental evidence (Studies 2-3) indicates that consensus messaging influences the perception of consensus; nonetheless, the effects on vaccine attitudes or intentions were non-significant. Furthermore, message aiming at reducing psychological reactance was similarly ineffective in changing attitudes as traditional consensus message.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Czarnek
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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Buchanan EM, Lewis SC, Paris B, Forscher PS, Pavlacic JM, Beshears JE, Drexler SM, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe A, Mallik PR, Silan MAA, Miller JK, IJzerman H, Moshontz H, Beaudry JL, Suchow JW, Chartier CR, Coles NA, Sharifian M, Todsen AL, Levitan CA, Azevedo F, Legate N, Heller B, Rothman AJ, Dorison CA, Gill BP, Wang K, Rees VW, Gibbs N, Goldenberg A, Thi Nguyen TV, Gross JJ, Kaminski G, von Bastian CC, Paruzel-Czachura M, Mosannenzadeh F, Azouaghe S, Bran A, Ruiz-Fernandez S, Santos AC, Reggev N, Zickfeld JH, Akkas H, Pantazi M, Ropovik I, Korbmacher M, Arriaga P, Gjoneska B, Warmelink L, Alves SG, de Holanda Coelho GL, Stieger S, Schei V, Hanel PHP, Szaszi B, Fedotov M, Antfolk J, Marcu GM, Schrötter J, Kunst JR, Geiger SJ, Adetula A, Kocalar HE, Kielińska J, Kačmár P, Bokkour A, Galindo-Caballero OJ, Djamai I, Pöntinen SJ, Agesin BE, Jernsäther T, Urooj A, Rachev NR, Koptjevskaja-Tamm M, Kurfalı M, Pit IL, Li R, Çoksan S, Dubrov D, Paltrow TE, Baník G, Korobova T, Studzinska A, Jiang X, Aruta JJBR, Vintr J, Chiu F, Kaliska L, Berkessel JB, Tümer M, Morales-Izquierdo S, Chuan-Peng H, Vezirian K, Rosa AD, Bialobrzeska O, Vasilev MR, Beitner J, Kácha O, Žuro B, Westerlund M, Nedelcheva-Datsova M, Findor A, Krupić D, Kowal M, Askelund AD, Pourafshari R, Đorđević JM, Schmidt ND, Baklanova E, Szala A, Zakharov I, Vranka MA, Ihaya K, Grano C, Cellini N, Białek M, Anton-Boicuk L, Dalgar I, Adıgüzel A, Verharen JPH, Maturan PLG, Kassianos AP, Oliveira R, Čadek M, Adoric VC, Özdoğru AA, Sverdrup TE, Aczel B, Zambrano D, Ahmed A, Tamnes CK, Yamada Y, Volz L, Sunami N, Suter L, Vieira L, Groyecka-Bernard A, Kamburidis JA, Reips UD, Harutyunyan M, Adetula GA, Allred TB, Barzykowski K, Antazo BG, Zsido AN, Šakan DD, Cyrus-Lai W, Ahlgren LP, Hruška M, Vega D, Manunta E, Mokady A, Capizzi M, Martončik M, Say N, Filip K, Vilar R, Staniaszek K, Vdovic M, Adamkovic M, Johannes N, Hajdu N, Cohen N, Overkott C, Krupić D, Hubena B, Nilsonne G, Mioni G, Solorzano CS, Ishii T, Chen Z, Kushnir E, Karaarslan C, Ribeiro RR, Khaoudi A, Kossowska M, Bavolar J, Hoyer K, Roczniewska M, Karababa A, Becker M, Monteiro RP, Kunisato Y, Metin-Orta I, Adamus S, Kozma L, Czarnek G, Domurat A, Štrukelj E, Alvarez DS, Parzuchowski M, Massoni S, Czamanski-Cohen J, Pronizius E, Muchembled F, van Schie K, Saçaklı A, Hristova E, Kuzminska AO, Charyate A, Bijlstra G, Afhami R, Majeed NM, Musser ED, Sirota M, Ross RM, Yeung SK, Papadatou-Pastou M, Foroni F, Almeida IAT, Grigoryev D, Lewis DMG, Holford DL, Janssen SMJ, Tatachari S, Batres C, Olofsson JK, Daches S, Belaus A, Pfuhl G, Corral-Frias NS, Sousa D, Röer JP, Isager PM, Godbersen H, Walczak RB, Van Doren N, Ren D, Gill T, Voracek M, DeBruine LM, Anne M, Očovaj SB, Thomas AG, Arvanitis A, Ostermann T, Wolfe K, Arinze NC, Bundt C, Lamm C, Calin-Jageman RJ, Davis WE, Karekla M, Zorjan S, Jaremka LM, Uttley J, Hricova M, Koehn MA, Kiselnikova N, Bai H, Krafnick AJ, Balci BB, Ballantyne T, Lins S, Vally Z, Esteban-Serna C, Schmidt K, Macapagal PML, Szwed P, Zdybek PM, Moreau D, Collins WM, Joy-Gaba JA, Vilares I, Tran US, Boudesseul J, Albayrak-Aydemir N, Dixson BJW, Perillo JT, Ferreira A, Westgate EC, Aberson CL, Arinze AI, Jaeger B, Butt MM, Silva JR, Storage DS, Janak AP, Jiménez-Leal W, Soto JA, Sorokowska A, McCarthy R, Tullett AM, Frias-Armenta M, Ribeiro MFF, Hartanto A, Forbes PAG, Willis ML, Del Carmen Tejada R M, Torres AJO, Stephen ID, Vaidis DC, de la Rosa-Gómez A, Yu K, Sutherland CAM, Manavalan M, Behzadnia B, Urban J, Baskin E, McFall JP, Ogbonnaya CE, Fu CHY, Rahal RM, Ndukaihe ILG, Hostler TJ, Kappes HB, Sorokowski P, Khosla M, Lazarevic LB, Eudave L, Vilsmeier JK, Luis EO, Muda R, Agadullina E, Cárcamo RA, Reeck C, Anjum G, Venegas MCT, Misiak M, Ryan RM, Nock NL, Travaglino GA, Mensink MC, Feldman G, Wichman AL, Chou W, Ziano I, Seehuus M, Chopik WJ, Kung FYH, Carpentier J, Vaughn LA, Du H, Xiao Q, Lima TJS, Noone C, Onie S, Verbruggen F, Radtke T, Primbs MA. The Psychological Science Accelerator's COVID-19 rapid-response dataset. Sci Data 2023; 10:87. [PMID: 36774440 PMCID: PMC9918828 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01811-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Psychological Science Accelerator coordinated three large-scale psychological studies to examine the effects of loss-gain framing, cognitive reappraisals, and autonomy framing manipulations on behavioral intentions and affective measures. The data collected (April to October 2020) included specific measures for each experimental study, a general questionnaire examining health prevention behaviors and COVID-19 experience, geographical and cultural context characterization, and demographic information for each participant. Each participant started the study with the same general questions and then was randomized to complete either one longer experiment or two shorter experiments. Data were provided by 73,223 participants with varying completion rates. Participants completed the survey from 111 geopolitical regions in 44 unique languages/dialects. The anonymized dataset described here is provided in both raw and processed formats to facilitate re-use and further analyses. The dataset offers secondary analytic opportunities to explore coping, framing, and self-determination across a diverse, global sample obtained at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be merged with other time-sampled or geographic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Buchanan
- Analytics, Harrisburg University of Science and Technology, Harrisburg, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shira Meir Drexler
- Department of Neurology, Mauritius Hospital Meerbusch, Meerbusch, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Hans IJzerman
- LIP/PC2S, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | | | - Jennifer L Beaudry
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jordan W Suchow
- School of Business, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, USA
| | | | - Nicholas A Coles
- Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | | | - Anna Louise Todsen
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | | | - Flávio Azevedo
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Blake Heller
- Hobby School of Public Affairs, University of Houston, Houston, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ke Wang
- Harvard University, Boston, USA
| | - Vaughan W Rees
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | | | | | | | - James J Gross
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Mariola Paruzel-Czachura
- Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Spain
- Penn Center for Neuroaesthetics, ChatLab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, US
| | | | - Soufian Azouaghe
- LIP/PC2S, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Department of Psychology, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | | | - Anabela Caetano Santos
- Department of Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Environmental Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Niv Reggev
- Department of Psychology and School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben Gurion University, Beersheba, Israel
| | | | - Handan Akkas
- MIS Department, Ankara Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Myrto Pantazi
- Center for Social and Cultural Psychology, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Ropovik
- Faculty of Education, Institute for Research and Development of Education, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Faculty of Education, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia
| | - Max Korbmacher
- Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Patrícia Arriaga
- CIS_Iscte, ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Biljana Gjoneska
- Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | | | - Sara G Alves
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Stefan Stieger
- Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Vidar Schei
- Department of Strategy and Management, NHH Norwegian School of Economics, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Barnabas Szaszi
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE - Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Maksim Fedotov
- Institute for Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jan Antfolk
- Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Jana Schrötter
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jonas R Kunst
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sandra J Geiger
- Environmental Psychology, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adeyemi Adetula
- LIP/PC2S, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Halil Emre Kocalar
- Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Kotekli, Turkey
| | | | - Pavol Kačmár
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | | | | | - Ikhlas Djamai
- Department of Psychology, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | | | | | - Anum Urooj
- La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nikolay R Rachev
- Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Murathan Kurfalı
- Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ilse L Pit
- Institute of Human Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Calleva Research Centre for Evolution and Human Sciences, Magdalen College, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ranran Li
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sami Çoksan
- Department of Psychology, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Dmitrii Dubrov
- Higher School of Economics, National Research University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Gabriel Baník
- Institute of Psychology, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia
| | | | | | - Xiaoming Jiang
- Institute of Linguistics, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
| | - John Jamir Benzon R Aruta
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | | | - Faith Chiu
- University of Essex, Essex, United Kingdom
- English Language and Linguistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Lada Kaliska
- Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
| | | | | | | | - Hu Chuan-Peng
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Anna Dalla Rosa
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Martin R Vasilev
- Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Beitner
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Barbara Žuro
- Institute of Psychology, Dublin, Ireland
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Minja Westerlund
- Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Mina Nedelcheva-Datsova
- Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Andrej Findor
- Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dajana Krupić
- Centre for Psychological Counselling and Research Norvel, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marta Kowal
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Szala
- Centre of Language Evolution Studies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Ilya Zakharov
- Psychological Institute of Russian Academy of Education, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Keiko Ihaya
- Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Caterina Grano
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Cellini
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michał Białek
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Ilker Dalgar
- Ankara Medipol University, Altındağ/Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arca Adıgüzel
- Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Kotekli, Turkey
| | - Jeroen P H Verharen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, USA
| | | | | | - Raquel Oliveira
- Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (Cis-Iul), Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Therese E Sverdrup
- Department of Strategy and Management, NHH Norwegian School of Economics, Bergen, Norway
| | - Balazs Aczel
- ELTE - Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Danilo Zambrano
- Facultad de Psicología, Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Afroja Ahmed
- Global MINDS, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | | | | | | | - Naoyuki Sunami
- Institute for Globally Distributed Open Research and Education (IGDORE), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lilian Suter
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Applied Psychology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tara Bulut Allred
- Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Andras N Zsido
- Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dušana Dušan Šakan
- Department of Psychology, Faculty for Legal and Business Studies Dr Lazar Vrkatić, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | | | - Matej Hruška
- Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Institute of European Studies and International Relations, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Diego Vega
- Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
| | | | - Aviv Mokady
- Department of Psychology, Ben Gurion University, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Mariagrazia Capizzi
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Marcel Martončik
- Faculty of Arts, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia
- Institute of Social Sciences CSPS, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Nicolas Say
- Prague University of Economics and Business, Praha, Czechia
| | - Katarzyna Filip
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | | | - Milica Vdovic
- Faculty of Media and Communication, Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Matus Adamkovic
- Institute of Social Sciences CSPS, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | - Nandor Hajdu
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE - Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Noga Cohen
- Department of Special Education and The Edmond J. Safra Brain Research Center for the Study of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Clara Overkott
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Swedish National Data Service, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Giovanna Mioni
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Singh Solorzano
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Tatsunori Ishii
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Integrated Arts & Social Science, Japan Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Zhang Chen
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Małgorzata Kossowska
- Faculty of Philosophy, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Jozef Bavolar
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | | | - Marta Roczniewska
- SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Sopot, Poland
- Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alper Karababa
- Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Kotekli, Turkey
| | - Maja Becker
- CLLE, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | - Sylwia Adamus
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Luca Kozma
- Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- School of Education and Social Sciences, Division of Psychology, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, Scotland
| | - Gabriela Czarnek
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Michal Parzuchowski
- Center for Research on Cognition and Behavior, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Sopot, Poland
| | | | - Johanna Czamanski-Cohen
- The School of Creative Arts Therapies, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ekaterina Pronizius
- Department of Cognition, Emotion and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fany Muchembled
- Departamento de Idiomas, Campus Sonora Norte, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Hermosillo, México
| | - Kevin van Schie
- Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Rotterdam, United Kingdom
| | | | - Evgeniya Hristova
- Cognitive Science and Psychology Department, New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Abdelilah Charyate
- Ibn Tofail University (ESEF), Kenitra, Morocco
- BETA, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gijsbert Bijlstra
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Erica D Musser
- Psychology Department, Florida International University, Miami, USA
| | - Miroslav Sirota
- Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Robert M Ross
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Siu Kit Yeung
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | | | - Francesco Foroni
- Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Inês A T Almeida
- Faculty of Medicine FMUC, Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - David M G Lewis
- Discipline of Psychology, Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | | | | | - Srinivasan Tatachari
- T A Pai Management Institute, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | | | - Jonas K Olofsson
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shimrit Daches
- Psychology Department, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Anabel Belaus
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gerit Pfuhl
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Daniela Sousa
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tripat Gill
- Lazaridis School of Business and Economics, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Martin Voracek
- Department of Cognition, Emotion and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa M DeBruine
- School of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Michele Anne
- University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | | | - Andrew G Thomas
- School of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas Ostermann
- Department for Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Kelly Wolfe
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Carsten Bundt
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Claus Lamm
- Department of Cognition, Emotion and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Saša Zorjan
- Department of Psychology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | | | - Jim Uttley
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Monika Hricova
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Monica A Koehn
- Discipline of Psychology, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | | | - Hui Bai
- Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Zahir Vally
- Department of Clinical Psychology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Celia Esteban-Serna
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Paulo Manuel L Macapagal
- Social Science Department, College of Liberal Arts, Technological University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
- School of Psychology, Arellano University, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Iris Vilares
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Ulrich S Tran
- Department of Cognition, Emotion and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jordane Boudesseul
- Laboratoire Parisien de Psychologie Sociale, Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
- Grupo de Investigación en Comunicación y Salud, Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad de Lima, Paris, Peru
| | - Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir
- Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
- London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Barnaby James Wyld Dixson
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Petrie, QLD, Petrie, Australia
| | - Jennifer T Perillo
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, USA
- Division of Community Behavioral Health, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, USA
| | - Ana Ferreira
- Faculty of Medicine FMUC, Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Bastian Jaeger
- Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Allison P Janak
- Yale School of Public Health, Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, New Haven, USA
| | | | - Jose A Soto
- The Pennsylvania State University, State College, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Megan L Willis
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | - Ian D Stephen
- NTU Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anabel de la Rosa-Gómez
- Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karen Yu
- Department of Psychology, Sewanee: The University of the South, Sewanee, USA
| | - Clare A M Sutherland
- University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
- University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | | | | | - Jan Urban
- Environment Centre, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | - Cynthia H Y Fu
- School of Psychology, University of East London, London, UK
| | - Rima-Maria Rahal
- Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Meetu Khosla
- Department of Psychology, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | - Luis Eudave
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Johannes K Vilsmeier
- Department of Cognition, Emotion and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elkin O Luis
- Psychological Processes in Education and Health Group, School of Education and Psychology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rafał Muda
- Faculty of Economics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | | | | | - Crystal Reeck
- Department of Marketing, Fox School of Business, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Gulnaz Anjum
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Michal Misiak
- IDN Being Human Lab, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
- School of Anthropology & Museum Ethnography, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Richard M Ryan
- Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nora L Nock
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joelle Carpentier
- Department of Organization and Human Resources, UQAM, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Hongfei Du
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Qinyu Xiao
- Department of Psychology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Tiago J S Lima
- Department of Social and Work Psychology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Sandersan Onie
- Black Dog Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Emotional Health for All Foundation, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Czarnek G, Stillwell D. Two is better than one: Using a single emotion lexicon can lead to unreliable conclusions. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275910. [PMID: 36240202 PMCID: PMC9565755 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotion lexicons became a popular method for quantifying affect in large amounts of textual data (e.g., social media posts). There are multiple independently developed emotion lexicons which tend to correlate positively with one another but not entirely. Such differences between lexicons may not matter if they are just unsystematic noise, but if there are systematic differences this could affect conclusions of a study. The goal of this paper is to examine whether two extensively used, apparently domain-independent lexicons for emotion analysis would give the same answer to a theory-driven research question. Specifically, we use the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) and NRC Word-Emotion Association Lexicon (NRC). As an example, we investigate whether older people have more positive expression through their language use. We examined nearly 5 million tweets created by 3,573 people between 18 to 78 years old and found that both methods show an increase in positive affect until age 50. After that age, however, according to LIWC, positive affect drops sharply, whereas according to NRC, the growth of positive affect increases steadily until age 65 and then levels off. Thus, using one or the other method would lead researchers to drastically different theoretical conclusions regarding affect in older age. We unpack why the two methods give inconsistent conclusions and show this was mostly due to a particular class of words: those related to politics. We conclude that using a single lexicon might lead to unreliable conclusions, so we suggest that researchers should routinely use at least two lexicons. If both lexicons come to the same conclusion then the research evidence is reliable, but if not then researchers should further examine the lexicons to find out what difference might be causing inconclusive result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Czarnek
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - David Stillwell
- Psychometrics Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Judge Business School, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Wang K, Goldenberg A, Dorison CA, Miller JK, Uusberg A, Lerner JS, Gross JJ, Agesin BB, Bernardo M, Campos O, Eudave L, Grzech K, Ozery DH, Jackson EA, Garcia EOL, Drexler SM, Jurković AP, Rana K, Wilson JP, Antoniadi M, Desai K, Gialitaki Z, Kushnir E, Nadif K, Bravo ON, Nauman R, Oosterlinck M, Pantazi M, Pilecka N, Szabelska A, van Steenkiste IMM, Filip K, Bozdoc AI, Marcu GM, Agadullina E, Adamkovič M, Roczniewska M, Reyna C, Kassianos AP, Westerlund M, Ahlgren L, Pöntinen S, Adetula GA, Dursun P, Arinze AI, Arinze NC, Ogbonnaya CE, Ndukaihe ILG, Dalgar I, Akkas H, Macapagal PM, Lewis S, Metin-Orta I, Foroni F, Willis M, Santos AC, Mokady A, Reggev N, Kurfali MA, Vasilev MR, Nock NL, Parzuchowski M, Espinoza Barría MF, Vranka M, Kohlová MB, Ropovik I, Harutyunyan M, Wang C, Yao E, Becker M, Manunta E, Kaminski G, Boudesseul J, Marko D, Evans K, Lewis DMG, Findor A, Landry AT, Aruta JJB, Ortiz MS, Vally Z, Pronizius E, Voracek M, Lamm C, Grinberg M, Li R, Valentova JV, Mioni G, Cellini N, Chen SC, Zickfeld J, Moon K, Azab H, Levy N, Karababa A, Beaudry JL, Boucher L, Collins WM, Todsen AL, van Schie K, Vintr J, Bavolar J, Kaliska L, Križanić V, Samojlenko L, Pourafshari R, Geiger SJ, Beitner J, Warmelink L, Ross RM, Stephen ID, Hostler TJ, Azouaghe S, McCarthy R, Szala A, Grano C, Solorzano CS, Anjum G, Jimenez-Leal W, Bradford M, Pérez LC, Cruz Vásquez JE, Galindo-Caballero OJ, Vargas-Nieto JC, Kácha O, Arvanitis A, Xiao Q, Cárcamo R, Zorjan S, Tajchman Z, Vilares I, Pavlacic JM, Kunst JR, Tamnes CK, von Bastian CC, Atari M, Sharifian M, Hricova M, Kačmár P, Schrötter J, Rahal RM, Cohen N, FatahModares S, Zrimsek M, Zakharov I, Koehn MA, Esteban-Serna C, Calin-Jageman RJ, Krafnick AJ, Štrukelj E, Isager PM, Urban J, Silva JR, Martončik M, Očovaj SB, Šakan D, Kuzminska AO, Djordjevic JM, Almeida IAT, Ferreira A, Lazarevic LB, Manley H, Ricaurte DZ, Monteiro RP, Etabari Z, Musser E, Dunleavy D, Chou W, Godbersen H, Ruiz-Fernández S, Reeck C, Batres C, Kirgizova K, Muminov A, Azevedo F, Alvarez DS, Butt MM, Lee JM, Chen Z, Verbruggen F, Ziano I, Tümer M, Charyate ACA, Dubrov D, Tejada Rivera MDCMC, Aberson C, Pálfi B, Maldonado MA, Hubena B, Sacakli A, Ceary CD, Richard KL, Singer G, Perillo JT, Ballantyne T, Cyrus-Lai W, Fedotov M, Du H, Wielgus M, Pit IL, Hruška M, Sousa D, Aczel B, Hajdu N, Szaszi B, Adamus S, Barzykowski K, Micheli L, Schmidt ND, Zsido AN, Paruzel-Czachura M, Muda R, Bialek M, Kowal M, Sorokowska A, Misiak M, Mola D, Ortiz MV, Correa PS, Belaus A, Muchembled F, Ribeiro RR, Arriaga P, Oliveira R, Vaughn LA, Szwed P, Kossowska M, Czarnek G, Kielińska J, Antazo B, Betlehem R, Stieger S, Nilsonne G, Simonovic N, Taber J, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe A, Domurat A, Ihaya K, Yamada Y, Urooj A, Gill T, Čadek M, Bylinina L, Messerschmidt J, Kurfalı M, Adetula A, Baklanova E, Albayrak-Aydemir N, Kappes HB, Gjoneska B, House T, Jones MV, Berkessel JB, Chopik WJ, Çoksan S, Seehuus M, Khaoudi A, Bokkour A, El Arabi KA, Djamai I, Iyer A, Parashar N, Adiguzel A, Kocalar HE, Bundt C, Norton JO, Papadatou-Pastou M, De la Rosa-Gomez A, Ankushev V, Bogatyreva N, Grigoryev D, Ivanov A, Prusova I, Romanova M, Sarieva I, Terskova M, Hristova E, Kadreva VH, Janak A, Schei V, Sverdrup TE, Askelund AD, Pineda LMS, Krupić D, Levitan CA, Johannes N, Ouherrou N, Say N, Sinkolova S, Janjić K, Stojanovska M, Stojanovska D, Khosla M, Thomas AG, Kung FYH, Bijlstra G, Mosannenzadeh F, Balci BB, Reips UD, Baskin E, Ishkhanyan B, Czamanski-Cohen J, Dixson BJW, Moreau D, Sutherland CAM, Chuan-Peng H, Noone C, Flowe H, Anne M, Janssen SMJ, Topor M, Majeed NM, Kunisato Y, Yu K, Daches S, Hartanto A, Vdovic M, Anton-Boicuk L, Forbes PAG, Kamburidis J, Marinova E, Nedelcheva-Datsova M, Rachev NR, Stoyanova A, Schmidt K, Suchow JW, Koptjevskaja-Tamm M, Jernsäther T, Olofsson JK, Bialobrzeska O, Marszalek M, Tatachari S, Afhami R, Law W, Antfolk J, Žuro B, Van Doren N, Soto JA, Searston R, Miranda J, Damnjanović K, Yeung SK, Krupić D, Hoyer K, Jaeger B, Ren D, Pfuhl G, Klevjer K, Corral-Frías NS, Frias-Armenta M, Lucas MY, Torres AO, Toro M, Delgado LGJ, Vega D, Solas SÁ, Vilar R, Massoni S, Frizzo T, Bran A, Vaidis DC, Vieira L, Paris B, Capizzi M, Coelho GLDH, Greenburgh A, Whitt CM, Tullett AM, Du X, Volz L, Bosma MJ, Karaarslan C, Sarıoğuz E, Allred TB, Korbmacher M, Colloff MF, Lima TJS, Ribeiro MFF, Verharen JPH, Karekla M, Karashiali C, Sunami N, Jaremka LM, Storage D, Habib S, Studzinska A, Hanel PHP, Holford DL, Sirota M, Wolfe K, Chiu F, Theodoropoulou A, Ahn ER, Lin Y, Westgate EC, Brohmer H, Hofer G, Dujols O, Vezirian K, Feldman G, Travaglino GA, Ahmed A, Li M, Bosch J, Torunsky N, Bai H, Manavalan M, Song X, Walczak RB, Zdybek P, Friedemann M, Rosa AD, Kozma L, Alves SG, Lins S, Pinto IR, Correia RC, Babinčák P, Banik G, Rojas-Berscia LM, Varella MAC, Uttley J, Beshears JE, Thommesen KK, Behzadnia B, Geniole SN, Silan MA, Maturan PLG, Vilsmeier JK, Tran US, Izquierdo SM, Mensink MC, Sorokowski P, Groyecka-Bernard A, Radtke T, Adoric VC, Carpentier J, Özdoğru AA, Joy-Gaba JA, Hedgebeth MV, Ishii T, Wichman AL, Röer JP, Ostermann T, Davis WE, Suter L, Papachristopoulos K, Zabel C, Onie S, Ebersole CR, Chartier CR, Mallik PR, Urry HL, Buchanan EM, Coles NA, Primbs MA, Basnight-Brown DM, IJzerman H, Forscher PS, Moshontz H. Author Correction: A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nat Hum Behav 2022; 6:1318-1319. [PMID: 36002766 PMCID: PMC9399994 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-022-01441-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Amit Goldenberg
- Harvard Business School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Charles A Dorison
- Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jeremy K Miller
- Department of Psychology, Willamette University, Salem, OR, USA.
| | - Andero Uusberg
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jennifer S Lerner
- Harvard Kennedy School and Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James J Gross
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Márcia Bernardo
- Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | - Karolina Grzech
- University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Shira Meir Drexler
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Myrto Pantazi
- Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | - Katarzyna Filip
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Gabriela Mariana Marcu
- Department of Psychology, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Agadullina
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Matúš Adamkovič
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia
- Institute of Social Sciences, CSPS Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marta Roczniewska
- Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Sopot, Poland
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Reyna
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPSI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-UNC, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Angelos P Kassianos
- Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Lina Ahlgren
- Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Sara Pöntinen
- Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Gabriel Agboola Adetula
- Department of Pure and Applied Psychology, Faculty of Social and Management Sciences, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba, Nigeria
| | - Pinar Dursun
- Department of Psychology, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | - Ilker Dalgar
- Department of Psychology, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Handan Akkas
- MIS Department, Ankara Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Francesco Foroni
- Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Megan Willis
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anabela Caetano Santos
- Aventura Social and DESSH, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Institute of Environmental Health, Medicine Faculty, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- ISCTE, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Aviv Mokady
- Department of Psychology, Ben Gurion University, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Niv Reggev
- Department of Psychology and Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben Gurion University, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Merve A Kurfali
- Department of Political Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Nora L Nock
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Michal Parzuchowski
- Center for Research on Cognition and Behavior, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities in Sopot, Sopot, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Ivan Ropovik
- Institute for Research and Development of Education, Faculty of Education, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Faculty of Education, University of Prešov, Prešov, Slovakia
| | | | - Chunhui Wang
- Chinese Center of Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Elvin Yao
- Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA, USA
| | - Maja Becker
- CLLE, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Jordane Boudesseul
- Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Perú
| | - Dafne Marko
- Cognitive Science, Faculty of Education, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kortnee Evans
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David M G Lewis
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrej Findor
- Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | | | - Manuel S Ortiz
- Departamento de Psicología, Laboratorio de Estrés y Salud, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Zahir Vally
- Department of Clinical Psychology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
- Wolfson College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ekaterina Pronizius
- Department of Cognition, Emotion and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Voracek
- Department of Cognition, Emotion and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claus Lamm
- Department of Cognition, Emotion and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maurice Grinberg
- Department of Cognitive Science and Psychology, Research Center for Cognitive Science, New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ranran Li
- Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Giovanna Mioni
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicola Cellini
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Human Inspired Technology Center, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Sau-Chin Chen
- Department of Human Development and Psychology, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Janis Zickfeld
- Department of Management, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Karis Moon
- Department of Management, Kingston University London, Kingston, UK
| | - Habiba Azab
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Neil Levy
- Department of Philosophy, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alper Karababa
- Department of Psychological Counselling and Guidance, Faculty of Education, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Jennifer L Beaudry
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leanne Boucher
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, Pembroke Pines, FL, USA
| | - W Matthew Collins
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Anna Louise Todsen
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Kevin van Schie
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jáchym Vintr
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jozef Bavolar
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Lada Kaliska
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Matej Bel University, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Valerija Križanić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Lara Samojlenko
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Razieh Pourafshari
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sandra J Geiger
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julia Beitner
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lara Warmelink
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Robert M Ross
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ian D Stephen
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thomas J Hostler
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Soufian Azouaghe
- Department of Psychology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- LIP/PC2S, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Randy McCarthy
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Anna Szala
- Department of Psychology, Oakland University, Oakland County, MI, USA
| | - Caterina Grano
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gulnaz Anjum
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Economics & Social Sciences, Institute of Business Administration, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Maria Bradford
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | | | | | - Ondřej Kácha
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Qinyu Xiao
- Department of Psychology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Rodrigo Cárcamo
- Department of Psychology, University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Saša Zorjan
- Department of Psychology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Zuzanna Tajchman
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Iris Vilares
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Jonas R Kunst
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Mohammad Atari
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Monika Hricova
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Kačmár
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jana Schrötter
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Rima-Maria Rahal
- Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Noga Cohen
- Department of Special Education and The Edmond J. Safra Brain Research Center for the Study of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Saeideh FatahModares
- Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Miha Zrimsek
- Department of Translation Studies, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ilya Zakharov
- Developmental Behavioral Genetics Laboratory, Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - Monica A Koehn
- Discipline of Psychology, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Celia Esteban-Serna
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Eva Štrukelj
- Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Peder Mortvedt Isager
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Urban
- Environment Center, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jaime R Silva
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Concepción, Chile
- Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile
- Sociedad Chilena de Desarrollo Emocional, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Sanja Batić Očovaj
- Dr Lazar Vrkatic Faculty of Legal and Business Studies, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Psychology, Serbia Union University, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dušana Šakan
- Dr Lazar Vrkatic Faculty of Legal and Business Studies, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Psychology, Serbia Union University, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | | | - Inês A T Almeida
- Faculty of Medicine FMUC, Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Ferreira
- Faculty of Medicine FMUC, Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Harry Manley
- Faculty of Psychology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Renan P Monteiro
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | | | - Erica Musser
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Daniel Dunleavy
- Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Weilun Chou
- Department of Psychology, Fo Guang University, Yilan County, Taiwan
| | | | - Susana Ruiz-Fernández
- FOM University of Applied Sciences, Essen; Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tübingen, Germany
- LEAD Research Network, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Crystal Reeck
- Fox School of Business, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carlota Batres
- Department of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jeong Min Lee
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zhang Chen
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Murat Tümer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Dmitrii Dubrov
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Bence Pálfi
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Chris D Ceary
- Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA, USA
| | | | - Gage Singer
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Saint Michael, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer T Perillo
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Maksim Fedotov
- Institute for Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Hongfei Du
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Guangzhou, China
| | - Magdalena Wielgus
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ilse L Pit
- Institute of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Calleva Research Centre for Evolution and Human Sciences, Magdalen College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Matej Hruška
- Institute of European Studies and International Relations, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Sousa
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Balazs Aczel
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nandor Hajdu
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barnabas Szaszi
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sylwia Adamus
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Leticia Micheli
- Institute of Psychology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Andras N Zsido
- Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Rafał Muda
- Faculty of Economics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Michal Bialek
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Kowal
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Michal Misiak
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland
- School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Débora Mola
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-Conicet, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Ortiz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-Conicet, Córdoba, Argentina
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Pablo Sebastián Correa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-Conicet, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Anabel Belaus
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-Conicet, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Fany Muchembled
- Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Rafael R Ribeiro
- CIS-IUL, Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patricia Arriaga
- CIS-IUL, Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Raquel Oliveira
- CIS-IUL, Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Intelligent Agents and Synthetic Characters Group (GAIPS), INESC-ID, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | - Małgorzata Kossowska
- Department of Philosophy, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Gabriela Czarnek
- Instytute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Julita Kielińska
- Instytute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Benedict Antazo
- Department of Psychology, Jose Rizal University, Pasig City, Philippines
| | - Ruben Betlehem
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Stefan Stieger
- Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicolle Simonovic
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer Taber
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Amélie Gourdon-Kanhukamwe
- Institute for Globally Distributed Open Research and Education (IGDORE), Kingston University, London, UK
| | - Artur Domurat
- Centre for Economic Psychology and Decision Sciences, Kozminski University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Keiko Ihaya
- Admission Center, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamada
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Anum Urooj
- La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tripat Gill
- Lazaridis School of Business and Economics, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Čadek
- Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Adeyemi Adetula
- LIP/PC2S, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Department of Psychology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Ekaterina Baklanova
- Institute of Asian and African Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Heather B Kappes
- Department of Management, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Biljana Gjoneska
- Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Thea House
- Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marc V Jones
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Jana B Berkessel
- Mannheim Centre for European Social Research, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - William J Chopik
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Sami Çoksan
- Department of Psychology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Martin Seehuus
- Department of Psychology, Middlebury College; Vermont Psychological Services, University of Vermont, Middlebury, VT, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Arca Adiguzel
- Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Halil Emre Kocalar
- Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Carsten Bundt
- Multimodal Imaging and Cognitive Control Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience Cluster, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - James O Norton
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Lesmurdie, Australia
| | | | - Anabel De la Rosa-Gomez
- Faculty of Higher Studies "Iztacala", National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Dmitry Grigoryev
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Ivanov
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Prusova
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Romanova
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irena Sarieva
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Terskova
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeniya Hristova
- Department of Cognitive Science and Psychology, New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Allison Janak
- Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vidar Schei
- NHH Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Strategy and Management, Bergen, Norway
| | - Therese E Sverdrup
- NHH Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Strategy and Management, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Dajana Krupić
- Norvel-Psychological Centre for Counselling and Research, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Carmel A Levitan
- Department of Cognitive Science, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Nicolas Say
- Prague University of Economics and Business, Prague, Czechia
| | | | | | | | | | - Meetu Khosla
- Psychology Department, DRC, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Gijsbert Bijlstra
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Farnaz Mosannenzadeh
- Behavioural Science Institute, Faculty of Social Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Busra Bahar Balci
- Department of Psychology, Samsun University, Samsun, Turkey
- Department of Psychology, Dokuz Eylül University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Ulf-Dietrich Reips
- Research Methods, Assessment, and iScience, Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
| | | | - Byurakn Ishkhanyan
- School of Communication and Culture, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics, University of Copenhagen, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Johanna Czamanski-Cohen
- School of Creative Arts Therapies, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Emili Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Barnaby James Wyld Dixson
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Moreau
- School of Psychology and Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Clare A M Sutherland
- School of Psychology, King's College, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Hu Chuan-Peng
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chris Noone
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Heather Flowe
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Michele Anne
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Steve M J Janssen
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Marta Topor
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Nadyanna M Majeed
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Karen Yu
- Sewanee: The University of the South, Sewanee, TN, USA
| | - Shimrit Daches
- Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Andree Hartanto
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Milica Vdovic
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Media and Communications, Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lisa Anton-Boicuk
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul A G Forbes
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Kamburidis
- Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Evelina Marinova
- Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mina Nedelcheva-Datsova
- Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nikolay R Rachev
- Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alina Stoyanova
- Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Kathleen Schmidt
- School of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Jordan W Suchow
- School of Business, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Jonas K Olofsson
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Reza Afhami
- Department of Art Studies, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Wilbert Law
- Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jan Antfolk
- The Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Barbara Žuro
- The Institute of Psychology; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Natalia Van Doren
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Jose A Soto
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Rachel Searston
- The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jacob Miranda
- Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Kaja Damnjanović
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychology, Institute of Philosophy, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, The University of Belgrade, Beograd-Stari Grad, Serbia
| | | | - Dino Krupić
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Science, The University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | | | | | - Dongning Ren
- Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Gerit Pfuhl
- Department of Psychology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kristoffer Klevjer
- Department of Psychology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | | | - Marc Y Lucas
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | | | - Mónica Toro
- Centro de Apego y Regulación Emocional, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Diego Vega
- Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Sara Álvarez Solas
- Grupo de investigación en Biogeografía y Ecología Espacial (BioGeoE2), Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena, Ecuador
| | | | - Sébastien Massoni
- Université de Lorraine; CNRS, BETA, Université de Strasbourg, Nancy, France
| | - Thomas Frizzo
- Université de Lorraine; CNRS, BETA, Université de Strasbourg, Nancy, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Greenburgh
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Alexa M Tullett
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Xinkai Du
- University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Minke Jasmijn Bosma
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cemre Karaarslan
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Başkent, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eylül Sarıoğuz
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Başkent, Çankaya, Turkey
| | - Tara Bulut Allred
- Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Max Korbmacher
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Tiago J S Lima
- Department of Social and Work Psychology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Jeroen P H Verharen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Naoyuki Sunami
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Lisa M Jaremka
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Daniel Storage
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Sumaiya Habib
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anna Studzinska
- University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | - Faith Chiu
- Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | | | - El Rim Ahn
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Yijun Lin
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erin C Westgate
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Hilmar Brohmer
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gabriela Hofer
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | - Afroja Ahmed
- Department of Psychology, Global MINDS, University of Limerick, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Manyu Li
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA
| | | | - Nathan Torunsky
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hui Bai
- University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Mathi Manavalan
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Anna Dalla Rosa
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Zovencedo, Italy
| | - Luca Kozma
- Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Sara G Alves
- Center for Psychology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Samuel Lins
- Center for Psychology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel R Pinto
- Center for Psychology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita C Correia
- Center for Psychology, University of Porto, Amarante, Portugal
| | - Peter Babinčák
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Presov, Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Gabriel Banik
- Institute of Psychology, University of Presov, Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Luis Miguel Rojas-Berscia
- School of Languages and Cultures, University of Queensland, Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Centro de Estudios Orientales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
| | - Marco A C Varella
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jim Uttley
- School of Architecture, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | | | | | - Shawn N Geniole
- Department of Psychology, University of the Fraser Valley, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Miguel A Silan
- University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | | | - Johannes K Vilsmeier
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrich S Tran
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Michael C Mensink
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Stout, White Bear Township, WI, USA
| | | | - Agata Groyecka-Bernard
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw; Social and Legal Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Wrocław, Poland
- Social and Legal Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Theda Radtke
- Department of Psychology, University of Wuppertal, Witten, Germany
| | | | - Joelle Carpentier
- Department of Organization and Human Resources, School of Management, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Tatsunori Ishii
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Jan Philipp Röer
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Thomas Ostermann
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - William E Davis
- Department of Psychology, Wittenberg University, Springfield, OH, USA
| | - Lilian Suter
- School of Applied Psychology, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | | | - Chelsea Zabel
- Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sandersan Onie
- Black Dog Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Emotional Health for All Foundation, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Peter R Mallik
- Department of Psychology, Ashland University, Medina, OH, USA
| | - Heather L Urry
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Erin M Buchanan
- Harrisburg University of Science and Technology, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | | | - Maximilian A Primbs
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hans IJzerman
- Université Grenoble Alpes; Institut Universitaire de France, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Hannah Moshontz
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Kossowska M, Szwed P, Czarnek G. The Role of Political Ideology and Open-Minded Thinking Style in the (in)Accuracy of Factual Beliefs. Polit Behav 2022; 45:1-21. [PMID: 35645439 PMCID: PMC9125012 DOI: 10.1007/s11109-022-09789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The paper investigates the role of political ideology and an open-minded thinking style (i.e., the tendency to reason based on rules of inference rather than intuitive heuristics) with respect to the accuracy of factual beliefs. In line with political asymmetry theory, we assumed that right-wing beliefs, in contrast to left-wing beliefs, are associated with more inaccurate factual beliefs. We also expected that the open-minded thinking style acts as a buffer against inaccurate factual beliefs among people with right-wing (but not left-wing) political affinities. To test these hypotheses, we conducted three studies (total N = 1120) in which participants holding right- and left-wing beliefs, and displaying differing degrees of the open-minded thinking style (as measured by the Active Open-minded Thinking Style questionnaire), assessed policy-relevant facts congenial to left- as well as right-wing beliefs. The results of the study confirm the hypotheses proposed. The paper's findings contribute to the ongoing discussion around the ideological underpinnings of (un)biased cognition and the controversies concerning the role of cognitive factors in ideological polarization. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11109-022-09789-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kossowska
- Faculty of Philosophy, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Szwed
- Faculty of Philosophy, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Gabriela Czarnek
- Faculty of Philosophy, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
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Kossowska M, Szwed P, Czarnek G. Ideology shapes trust in scientists and attitudes towards vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/13684302211001946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper investigates the influence of ideology on trust in scientists. We assume that during a pandemic, ideology is linked to levels of trust in scientists such that those espousing left- (vs. right-) wing beliefs trust the scientific profession more. We posit that the negative perception of scientists, a feature of right-wing narratives in the country of study, underlies this effect. Additionally, we argue that ideology has an indirect impact, via levels of trust in scientists, on beliefs and attitudes towards vaccines and vaccine policy. To test these hypotheses, we conducted three studies ( N = 1,155): one prepandemic study and two studies during a pandemic. The results confirmed the hypotheses; however, we observed varied effects at the outset of the pandemic versus later stages. The findings contribute to the ongoing discussion around the ideological underpinnings of trust in scientists and carry implications for public health measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulina Szwed
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Philosophy, Institute of Psychology, Poland
| | - Gabriela Czarnek
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Philosophy, Institute of Psychology, Poland
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7
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Wang K, Goldenberg A, Dorison CA, Miller JK, Uusberg A, Lerner JS, Gross JJ, Agesin BB, Bernardo M, Campos O, Eudave L, Grzech K, Ozery DH, Jackson EA, Garcia EOL, Drexler SM, Jurković AP, Rana K, Wilson JP, Antoniadi M, Desai K, Gialitaki Z, Kushnir E, Nadif K, Bravo ON, Nauman R, Oosterlinck M, Pantazi M, Pilecka N, Szabelska A, van Steenkiste IMM, Filip K, Bozdoc AI, Marcu GM, Agadullina E, Adamkovič M, Roczniewska M, Reyna C, Kassianos AP, Westerlund M, Ahlgren L, Pöntinen S, Adetula GA, Dursun P, Arinze AI, Arinze NC, Ogbonnaya CE, Ndukaihe ILG, Dalgar I, Akkas H, Macapagal PM, Lewis S, Metin-Orta I, Foroni F, Willis M, Santos AC, Mokady A, Reggev N, Kurfali MA, Vasilev MR, Nock NL, Parzuchowski M, Barría MFE, Vranka M, Kohlová MB, Ropovik I, Harutyunyan M, Wang C, Yao E, Becker M, Manunta E, Kaminski G, Marko D, Evans K, Lewis DMG, Findor A, Landry AT, Aruta JJB, Ortiz MS, Vally Z, Pronizius E, Voracek M, Lamm C, Grinberg M, Li R, Valentova JV, Mioni G, Cellini N, Chen SC, Zickfeld J, Moon K, Azab H, Levy N, Karababa A, Beaudry JL, Boucher L, Collins WM, Todsen AL, van Schie K, Vintr J, Bavolar J, Kaliska L, Križanić V, Samojlenko L, Pourafshari R, Geiger SJ, Beitner J, Warmelink L, Ross RM, Stephen ID, Hostler TJ, Azouaghe S, McCarthy R, Szala A, Grano C, Solorzano CS, Anjum G, Jimenez-Leal W, Bradford M, Pérez LC, Vásquez JEC, Galindo-Caballero OJ, Vargas-Nieto JC, Kácha O, Arvanitis A, Xiao Q, Cárcamo R, Zorjan S, Tajchman Z, Vilares I, Pavlacic JM, Kunst JR, Tamnes CK, von Bastian CC, Atari M, Sharifian M, Hricova M, Kačmár P, Schrötter J, Rahal RM, Cohen N, FatahModarres S, Zrimsek M, Zakharov I, Koehn MA, Esteban-Serna C, Calin-Jageman RJ, Krafnick AJ, Štrukelj E, Isager PM, Urban J, Silva JR, Martončik M, Očovaj SB, Šakan D, Kuzminska AO, Djordjevic JM, Almeida IAT, Ferreira A, Lazarevic LB, Manley H, Ricaurte DZ, Monteiro RP, Etabari Z, Musser E, Dunleavy D, Chou W, Godbersen H, Ruiz-Fernández S, Reeck C, Batres C, Kirgizova K, Muminov A, Azevedo F, Alvarez DS, Butt MM, Lee JM, Chen Z, Verbruggen F, Ziano I, Tümer M, Charyate ACA, Dubrov D, Rivera MDCMCT, Aberson C, Pálfi B, Maldonado MA, Hubena B, Sacakli A, Ceary CD, Richard KL, Singer G, Perillo JT, Ballantyne T, Cyrus-Lai W, Fedotov M, Du H, Wielgus M, Pit IL, Hruška M, Sousa D, Aczel B, Szaszi B, Adamus S, Barzykowski K, Micheli L, Schmidt ND, Zsido AN, Paruzel-Czachura M, Bialek M, Kowal M, Sorokowska A, Misiak M, Mola D, Ortiz MV, Correa PS, Belaus A, Muchembled F, Ribeiro RR, Arriaga P, Oliveira R, Ann Vaughn L, Szwed P, Kossowska M, Czarnek G, Kielińska J, Antazo B, Betlehem R, Stieger S, Nilsonne G, Simonovic N, Taber J, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe A, Domurat A, Ihaya K, Yamada Y, Urooj A, Gill T, Čadek M, Bylinina L, Messerschmidt J, Kurfalı M, Adetula A, Baklanova E, Albayrak-Aydemir N, Kappes HB, Gjoneska B, House T, Jones MV, Berkessel JB, Chopik WJ, Çoksan S, Seehuus M, Khaoudi A, Bokkour A, El Arabi KA, Djamai I, Iyer A, Parashar N, Adiguzel A, Kocalar HE, Bundt C, 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Carpentier J, Özdoğru AA, Joy-Gaba JA, Hedgebeth MV, Ishii T, Wichman AL, Röer JP, Ostermann T, Davis WE, Suter L, Papachristopoulos K, Zabel C, Ebersole CR, Chartier CR, Mallik PR, Urry HL, Buchanan EM, Coles NA, Primbs MA, Basnight-Brown DM, IJzerman H, Forscher PS, Moshontz H. A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nat Hum Behav 2021; 5:1089-1110. [PMID: 34341554 PMCID: PMC8742248 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-021-01173-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion-regulation strategy that modifies how one thinks about a situation. Participants from 87 countries and regions (n = 21,644) were randomly assigned to one of two brief reappraisal interventions (reconstrual or repurposing) or one of two control conditions (active or passive). Results revealed that both reappraisal interventions (vesus both control conditions) consistently reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions across different measures. Reconstrual and repurposing interventions had similar effects. Importantly, planned exploratory analyses indicated that reappraisal interventions did not reduce intentions to practice preventive health behaviours. The findings demonstrate the viability of creating scalable, low-cost interventions for use around the world. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: The stage 1 protocol for this Registered Report was accepted in principle on 12 May 2020. The protocol, as accepted by the journal, can be found at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4878591.v1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Amit Goldenberg
- Harvard Business School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Charles A. Dorison
- Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jeremy K. Miller
- Department of Psychology, Willamette University, Salem, OR, USA.,Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to J.K.M.
| | - Andero Uusberg
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jennifer S. Lerner
- Harvard Kennedy School and Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James J. Gross
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Márcia Bernardo
- Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | - Karolina Grzech
- University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Shira Meir Drexler
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Myrto Pantazi
- Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | - Katarzyna Filip
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Gabriela Mariana Marcu
- Department of Psychology, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania.,Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Agadullina
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Matúš Adamkovič
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia.,Institute of Social Sciences, CSPS Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marta Roczniewska
- Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Sopot, Poland.,Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Reyna
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPSI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-UNC, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Angelos P. Kassianos
- Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Lina Ahlgren
- Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Sara Pöntinen
- Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Gabriel Agboola Adetula
- Department of Pure and Applied Psychology, Faculty of Social and Management Sciences, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba, Nigeria
| | - Pinar Dursun
- Department of Psychology, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | - Ilker Dalgar
- Department of Psychology, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Handan Akkas
- MIS Department, Ankara Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Francesco Foroni
- Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Megan Willis
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anabela Caetano Santos
- Aventura Social and DESS H, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Institute of Environmental Health, Medicine Faculty, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,ISCTE, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Aviv Mokady
- Department of Psychology, Ben Gurion University, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Niv Reggev
- Department of Psychology and Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben Gurion University, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Merve A. Kurfali
- Department of Political Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Nora L. Nock
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Michal Parzuchowski
- Center for Research on Cognition and Behavior, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities in Sopot, Sopot, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Ivan Ropovik
- Institute for Research and Development of Education, Faculty of Education, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,Faculty of Education, University of Prešov, Prešov, Slovakia
| | | | - Chunhui Wang
- Chinese Center of Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Elvin Yao
- Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA, USA
| | - Maja Becker
- CLLE, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Dafne Marko
- Cognitive Science, Faculty of Education, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kortnee Evans
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David M. G. Lewis
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrej Findor
- Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | | | - Manuel S. Ortiz
- Departamento de Psicología, Laboratorio de Estrés y Salud, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Zahir Vally
- Department of Clinical Psychology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE.,Wolfson College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ekaterina Pronizius
- Department of Cognition, Emotion and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Voracek
- Department of Cognition, Emotion and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claus Lamm
- Department of Cognition, Emotion and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maurice Grinberg
- Department of Cognitive Science and Psychology, Research Center for Cognitive Science, New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ranran Li
- Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Giovanna Mioni
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicola Cellini
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Human Inspired Technology Center, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Sau-Chin Chen
- Department of Human Development and Psychology, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Janis Zickfeld
- Department of Management, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Karis Moon
- Department of Management, Kingston University London, Kingston, UK
| | - Habiba Azab
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Neil Levy
- Department of Philosophy, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alper Karababa
- Department of Psychological Counselling and Guidance, Faculty of Education, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Jennifer L. Beaudry
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leanne Boucher
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, Pembroke Pines, FL, USA
| | - W. Matthew Collins
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Anna Louise Todsen
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Kevin van Schie
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jáchym Vintr
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jozef Bavolar
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Lada Kaliska
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Matej Bel University, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Valerija Križanić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Lara Samojlenko
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Razieh Pourafshari
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sandra J. Geiger
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julia Beitner
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lara Warmelink
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Robert M. Ross
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ian D. Stephen
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thomas J. Hostler
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Soufian Azouaghe
- Department of Psychology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.,LIP/PC2S, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Randy McCarthy
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Anna Szala
- Department of Psychology, Oakland University, Oakland County, MI, USA
| | - Caterina Grano
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gulnaz Anjum
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, Institute of Business Administration, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Maria Bradford
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | | | | | - Ondřej Kácha
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Qinyu Xiao
- Department of Psychology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Rodrigo Cárcamo
- Department of Psychology, University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Saša Zorjan
- Department of Psychology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Zuzanna Tajchman
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Iris Vilares
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Jonas R. Kunst
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Mohammad Atari
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Monika Hricova
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Kačmár
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jana Schrötter
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Rima-Maria Rahal
- Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Noga Cohen
- Department of Special Education and The Edmond J. Safra Brain Research Center for the Study of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Saiedeh FatahModarres
- Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Miha Zrimsek
- Department of Translation Studies, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ilya Zakharov
- Developmental Behavioral Genetics Laboratory, Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - Monica A. Koehn
- Discipline of Psychology, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Celia Esteban-Serna
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Eva Štrukelj
- Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Peder Mortvedt Isager
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Urban
- Environment Center, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jaime R. Silva
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Concepción, Chile.,Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile.,Sociedad Chilena de Desarrollo Emocional, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Sanja Batić Očovaj
- Dr Lazar Vrkatic Faculty of Legal and Business Studies, Novi Sad, Serbia.,Department of Psychology, Serbia Union University, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dušana Šakan
- Dr Lazar Vrkatic Faculty of Legal and Business Studies, Novi Sad, Serbia.,Department of Psychology, Serbia Union University, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | | | - Inês A. T. Almeida
- Faculty of Medicine FMUC, Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Ferreira
- Faculty of Medicine FMUC, Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Harry Manley
- Faculty of Psychology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Renan P. Monteiro
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | | | - Erica Musser
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Daniel Dunleavy
- Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Weilun Chou
- Department of Psychology, Fo Guang University, Yilan County, Taiwan
| | | | - Susana Ruiz-Fernández
- FOM University of Applied Sciences, Hildesheim, Germany.,Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tübingen, Germany.,LEAD Research Network, Eberhard Karls University, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Crystal Reeck
- Fox School of Business, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carlota Batres
- Department of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jeong Min Lee
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zhang Chen
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Murat Tümer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Dmitrii Dubrov
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Bence Pálfi
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gage Singer
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Saint Michael, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer T. Perillo
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Maksim Fedotov
- Institute for Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Hongfei Du
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Guangzhou, China
| | - Magdalena Wielgus
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ilse L. Pit
- Institute of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Calleva Research Centre for Evolution and Human Sciences, Magdalen College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Matej Hruška
- Institute of European Studies and International Relations, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Sousa
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Balazs Aczel
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barnabas Szaszi
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sylwia Adamus
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Leticia Micheli
- Institute of Psychology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Michal Bialek
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Kowal
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Michal Misiak
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland.,School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Débora Mola
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba–Conicet, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Ortiz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba–Conicet, Córdoba, Argentina.,Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Pablo Sebastián Correa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba–Conicet, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Anabel Belaus
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba–Conicet, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Fany Muchembled
- Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | | | - Patricia Arriaga
- CIS-IUL, Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Raquel Oliveira
- CIS-IUL, Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Intelligent Agents and Synthetic Characters Group (GAIPS), INESC-ID, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | - Małgorzata Kossowska
- Department of Philosophy, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Gabriela Czarnek
- Instytute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Julita Kielińska
- Instytute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Benedict Antazo
- Department of Psychology, Jose Rizal University, Pasig City, Philippines
| | - Ruben Betlehem
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Stefan Stieger
- Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.,Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicolle Simonovic
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer Taber
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Amélie Gourdon-Kanhukamwe
- Institute for Globally Distributed Open Research and Education (IGDORE), Kingston University, London, UK
| | - Artur Domurat
- Centre for Economic Psychology and Decision Sciences, Kozminski University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Keiko Ihaya
- Admission Center, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamada
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Anum Urooj
- La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tripat Gill
- Lazaridis School of Business and Economics, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Čadek
- Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Adeyemi Adetula
- LIP/PC2S, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Department of Psychology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Ekaterina Baklanova
- Institute of Asian and African Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Heather B. Kappes
- Department of Management, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Biljana Gjoneska
- Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Thea House
- Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marc V. Jones
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Jana B. Berkessel
- Mannheim Centre for European Social Research, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - William J. Chopik
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Sami Çoksan
- Department of Psychology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Martin Seehuus
- Department of Psychology, Middlebury College; Vermont Psychological Services, University of Vermont, Middlebury, VT, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Arca Adiguzel
- Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Halil Emre Kocalar
- Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Carsten Bundt
- Multimodal Imaging and Cognitive Control Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience Cluster, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - James O. Norton
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Lesmurdie, Australia
| | | | - Anabel De la Rosa-Gomez
- Faculty of Higher Studies “Iztacala”, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Dmitry Grigoryev
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Ivanov
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Prusova
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Romanova
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irena Sarieva
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Terskova
- Instytute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Evgeniya Hristova
- Department of Cognitive Science and Psychology, New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Allison Janak
- Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vidar Schei
- NHH Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Strategy and Management, Bergen, Norway
| | - Therese E. Sverdrup
- NHH Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Strategy and Management, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Dajana Krupić
- Norvel—Psychological Centre for Counselling and Research, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Carmel A. Levitan
- Department of Cognitive Science, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Nicolas Say
- Prague University of Economics and Business, Prague, Czechia
| | | | | | | | | | - Meetu Khosla
- Psychology Department, DRC, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Gijsbert Bijlstra
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Farnaz Mosannenzadeh
- Behavioural Science Institute, Faculty of Social Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Busra Bahar Balci
- Department of Psychology, Samsun University, Samsun, Turkey.,Department of Psychology, Dokuz Eylül University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Ulf-Dietrich Reips
- Research Methods, Assessment, and iScience, Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
| | | | - Byurakn Ishkhanyan
- School of Communication and Culture, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics, University of Copenhagen, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Johanna Czamanski-Cohen
- School of Creative Arts Therapies, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.,Emili Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Barnaby James Wyld Dixson
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Moreau
- School of Psychology and Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Clare A. M. Sutherland
- School of Psychology, King’s College, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.,School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Hu Chuan-Peng
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chris Noone
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Heather Flowe
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Michele Anne
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Steve M. J. Janssen
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Marta Topor
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Nadyanna M. Majeed
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Karen Yu
- Sewanee: The University of the South, Sewanee, TN, USA
| | - Shimrit Daches
- Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Andree Hartanto
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Milica Vdovic
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Media and Communications, Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lisa Anton-Boicuk
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul A. G. Forbes
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Kamburidis
- Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Evelina Marinova
- Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mina Nedelcheva-Datsova
- Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nikolay R. Rachev
- Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alina Stoyanova
- Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Kathleen Schmidt
- School of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Jordan W. Suchow
- School of Business, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Reza Afhami
- Department of Art Studies, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Wilbert Law
- Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jan Antfolk
- The Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Barbara Žuro
- The Institute of Psychology; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Natalia Van Doren
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Jose A. Soto
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Rachel Searston
- The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jacob Miranda
- Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Kaja Damnjanović
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychology, Institute of Philosophy, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, The University of Belgrade, Beograd-Stari Grad, Serbia
| | | | - Dino Krupić
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Science, The University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | | | | | - Dongning Ren
- Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Gerit Pfuhl
- Department of Psychology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kristoffer Klevjer
- Department of Psychology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | | | - Marc Y. Lucas
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | | | - Mónica Toro
- Centro de Apego y Regulación Emocional, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Diego Vega
- Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Sara Álvarez Solas
- Grupo de investigación en Biogeografía y Ecología Espacial (BioGeoE2), Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena, Ecuador
| | | | - Sébastien Massoni
- Université de Lorraine; CNRS, BETA, Université de Strasbourg, Nancy, France
| | - Thomas Frizzo
- Université de Lorraine; CNRS, BETA, Université de Strasbourg, Nancy, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Greenburgh
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Alexa M. Tullett
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Xinkai Du
- University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Minke Jasmijn Bosma
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cemre Karaarslan
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Başkent, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eylül Sarıoğuz
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Başkent, Çankaya, Turkey
| | - Tara Bulut Allred
- Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Max Korbmacher
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Tiago J. S. Lima
- Department of Social and Work Psychology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Jeroen P. H. Verharen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Naoyuki Sunami
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Lisa M. Jaremka
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Daniel Storage
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Sumaiya Habib
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anna Studzinska
- University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | - Faith Chiu
- Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | | | - El Rim Ahn
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Yijun Lin
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erin C. Westgate
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Hilmar Brohmer
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gabriela Hofer
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | - Afroja Ahmed
- Department of Psychology, Global MINDS, University of Limerick, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Manyu Li
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA
| | | | - Nathan Torunsky
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hui Bai
- University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Mathi Manavalan
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Anna Dalla Rosa
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Zovencedo, Italy
| | - Luca Kozma
- Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Sara G. Alves
- Center for Psychology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Samuel Lins
- Center for Psychology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Rita C. Correia
- Center for Psychology, University of Porto, Amarante, Portugal
| | - Peter Babinčák
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Presov, Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Gabriel Banik
- Institute of Psychology, University of Presov, Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Luis Miguel Rojas-Berscia
- School of Languages and Cultures, University of Queensland, Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,Centro de Estudios Orientales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
| | - Marco A. C. Varella
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jim Uttley
- School of Architecture, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | | | | | - Shawn N. Geniole
- Department of Psychology, University of the Fraser Valley, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Miguel A. Silan
- University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | | | - Johannes K. Vilsmeier
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrich S. Tran
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Michael C. Mensink
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Stout, White Bear Township, WI, USA
| | | | - Agata Groyecka-Bernard
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw; Social and Legal Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Wrocław, Poland.,Social and Legal Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Theda Radtke
- Department of Psychology, University of Wuppertal, Witten, Germany
| | | | - Joelle Carpentier
- Department of Organization and Human Resources, School of Management, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Tatsunori Ishii
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Jan Philipp Röer
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Thomas Ostermann
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - William E. Davis
- Department of Psychology, Wittenberg University, Springfield, OH, USA
| | - Lilian Suter
- School of Applied Psychology, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | | | - Chelsea Zabel
- Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Peter R. Mallik
- Department of Psychology, Ashland University, Medina, OH, USA
| | - Heather L. Urry
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Erin M. Buchanan
- Harrisburg University of Science and Technology, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Hans IJzerman
- Université Grenoble Alpes; Institut Universitaire de France, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Hannah Moshontz
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Czarnek G, Kossowska M. The Effects of Needs for Security and Certainty on Economic Beliefs: The Role of Political Engagement and the Welfare State Model. Social Psychological and Personality Science 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1948550620977621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We suggest that the effects of needs for security and certainty (NSC) on economic beliefs result from potentially competing dispositional (political engagement) and contextual (the country-level political narrative around the welfare state) influences. An analysis of data from the 2016 European Social Survey ( N = 40,870) showed that at low levels of political engagement, NSC is associated with left-wing beliefs. However, at high levels of political engagement, the NSC effects are conditional on a country’s welfare state model: NSC is related to right-wing beliefs in Liberal, Continental, and Southern types, but the effects are nonsignificant in the Nordic type and the reverse under the Eastern type. Analysis of 2018 round of the same survey ( N = 45,575) corroborated the main findings (except the Southern type for which NSC effects were nonsignificant). This study advances knowledge on the psychological roots of economic beliefs and contributes to the understanding of people’s political choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Czarnek
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Czarnek G, Richter M, Strojny P. Cardiac sympathetic activity during recovery as an indicator of sympathetic activity during task performance. Psychophysiology 2020; 58:e13724. [PMID: 33205516 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The goals of this research were to analyze cardiac sympathetic recovery patterns and evaluate whether sympathetic cardiac responses to a task challenge can be predicted using residual cardiac activity measured directly after the task (that is, during the recovery period). In two studies (total N = 181), we measured cardiac sympathetic activity, quantified as pre-ejection period and RB interval, during both task performance and the 2-min recovery period following the task. Additional analyses examined effects on the RZ interval. We found that sympathetic recovery from a task was rather quick: Cardiovascular recovery occurred within the first 30 s of the recovery period. Nevertheless, residual cardiac activity during the recovery period had predictive power for task-related cardiac activity. This suggests that sympathetic cardiac activity during recovery may serve as a useful indicator of task-related cardiac sympathetic activity. We discuss the implications of these findings for practical applications and the design of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Czarnek
- Nano Games, Cracow, Poland.,Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Michael Richter
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Paweł Strojny
- Nano Games, Cracow, Poland.,Faculty of Management and Social Communication, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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10
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulina Szwed
- Institute of Psychology Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland
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11
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Kossowska M, Szwed P, Wyczesany M, Czarnek G, Wronka E. Religious Fundamentalism Modulates Neural Responses to Error-Related Words: The Role of Motivation Toward Closure. Front Psychol 2018; 9:285. [PMID: 29636709 PMCID: PMC5880938 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Examining the relationship between brain activity and religious fundamentalism, this study explores whether fundamentalist religious beliefs increase responses to error-related words among participants intolerant to uncertainty (i.e., high in the need for closure) in comparison to those who have a high degree of toleration for uncertainty (i.e., those who are low in the need for closure). We examine a negative-going event-related brain potentials occurring 400 ms after stimulus onset (the N400) due to its well-understood association with the reactions to emotional conflict. Religious fundamentalism and tolerance of uncertainty were measured on self-report measures, and electroencephalographic neural reactivity was recorded as participants were performing an emotional Stroop task. In this task, participants read neutral words and words related to uncertainty, errors, and pondering, while being asked to name the color of the ink with which the word is written. The results confirm that among people who are intolerant of uncertainty (i.e., those high in the need for closure), religious fundamentalism is associated with an increased N400 on error-related words compared with people who tolerate uncertainty well (i.e., those low in the need for closure).
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kossowska
- Department of Philosophy, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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12
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Kossowska M, Szwed P, Wronka E, Czarnek G, Wyczesany M. Anxiolytic function of fundamentalist beliefs: Neurocognitive evidence. Personality and Individual Differences 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Czarnek G, Kossowska M, Sedek G. The influence of aging on outgroup stereotypes: the mediating role of cognitive and motivational facets of deficient flexibility. Exp Aging Res 2015; 41:303-24. [PMID: 25978448 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2015.1021647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND/STUDY CONTEXT: The current study was designed to examine previously reported findings about age-related changes in drawing stereotypic inferences; specifically, that older adults are more likely than younger adults to stereotype outgroup members. The study replicates previous research and extends it by exploring the cognitive and motivational facets of deficient flexibility underlying this effect and comparing stereotypes towards ingroup and outgroup members. METHODS In the experiment, younger and older adults read stories that allowed for stereotypic inferences. They also completed the Trail Making Test (TMT) and Need for Closure Scale (NFC) as cognitive and motivational measures of deficient flexibility. RESULTS The results of the experiment revealed that, compared to younger participants, older adults were more likely to rely upon stereotypic inferences when they read a story about outgroup members; however, there were no age-group differences in using stereotypes when they read a story about ingroup members. In addition, the findings showed that making more stereotypical inferences by older versus younger adults in relation to outgroup members was mediated by cognitive (TMT) and motivational (NFC) facets of deficient flexibility. CONCLUSION A major implication of these findings is that both cognitive and motivational facets of deficient flexibility contribute to the reliance of older adults on stereotypes compared with younger adults. However, this is only true when older adults process information about outgroup members, but not about ingroup members. Thus, the current research goes beyond previous results by providing direct evidence that ingroup-outgroup perception contributes to stereotyping among older participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Czarnek
- a Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University , Krakow , Poland
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14
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Kossowska M, Czarnek G, Wronka E, Wyczesany M, Bukowski M. Individual differences in epistemic motivation and brain conflict monitoring activity. Neurosci Lett 2014; 570:38-41. [PMID: 24735782 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
It is well documented that motivation toward closure (NFC), defined as a desire for a quick and unambiguous answer to a question and an aversion to uncertainty, is linked to more structured, rigid, and persistent cognitive styles. However, the neurocognitive correlates of NFC have never been tested. Thus, using event-related potentials, we examined the hypothesis that NFC is associated with the neurocognitive process for detecting discrepancies between response tendencies and higher level intentions. We found that greater NFC is associated with lower conflict-related anterior cingulate activity, suggesting lower sensitivity to cues for altering a habitual response pattern and lower sensitivity to committing errors. This study provides evidence that high NFC acts as a bulwark against anxiety-producing uncertainty and minimizes the experience of error.
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