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Zupo R, Castellana F, Boero G, Matera E, Colacicco G, Piscitelli P, Clodoveo ML, Rondanelli M, Panza F, Lozupone M, Sardone R. Processed foods and diet quality in pregnancy may affect child neurodevelopment disorders: a narrative review. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:361-381. [PMID: 37039128 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2197709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the evidence on the association between maternal exposure to ultra-processed food (UPF) categories, UPF diet items, and overall diet quality, as assessed by recognized dietary indices, and neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring. METHODS PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Ovid, and Scholar databases were searched for original articles on female gestational exposure to UPF categories, individual elements of the UPF diet, or indices of diet quality, in relation to outcomes regarding their offspring's neurocognitive development, according to neuropsychometric and behavioral scales, anthropometric/psychomotor indices, and symptoms/diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). RESULTS Fourteen articles were selected and underwent the quantitative analysis. Six of these examined diet quality, and eight exposure to UPF categories or specific UPF foods. The maternal population was adult (18+). Child cognitive development was negatively impacted by a diet featuring many processed foods, saturated fats, and sugars. Conversely, a Med-diet led to better neurodevelopment, particularly verbal intelligence and executive functions, in middle childhood. DISCUSSION A maternal diet with many UPFs, saturated fats, and total sugars (especially those added or hidden in packaged carbonated beverages) can adversely affect a child's cognitive development. Knowledge needs to be further extended and managed from a prevention perspective in light of the well-known negative effects of UPFs on human health in all age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Zupo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Castellana
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis," Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Complex Structure of Neurology, SS Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy
| | - Emilia Matera
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University "A. Moro," Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Colacicco
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBrain), niversity "Aldo Moro," Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Maria Lisa Clodoveo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Department of Public Health, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Panza
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBrain), niversity "Aldo Moro," Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Madia Lozupone
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBrain), niversity "Aldo Moro," Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Sardone
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis," Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
- Local Healthcare Authority of Taranto, Italy
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Lattanzi S, Foschi N, Martellino C, Audenino D, Boero G, Bonanni P, Ferlazzo E, Chiesa V, Dainese F, Piccioli M, Ferrari A, Labate A. Conversion to Brivaracetam Monotherapy in Clinical Practice: A Retrospective Study. Neurol Ther 2024; 13:389-398. [PMID: 38300459 PMCID: PMC10951135 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-024-00580-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of brivaracetam (BRV) as conversion monotherapy in adults with focal epilepsy treated in the context of real-world clinical practice. METHODS This was a retrospective, observational, non-interventional study in adults with focal epilepsy who converted to BRV monotherapy following the withdrawal of background antiseizure medications (ASMs). Primary effectiveness outcome was the retention rate of BRV as single ASM at 6 and 12 months. Secondary outcomes included the 6- and 12-month rates of seizure freedom. Safety and tolerability outcomes included the frequency and type of adverse events (AEs) and the occurrence of treatment discontinuation due to AEs. RESULTS A total of 44 participants with a median age of 63.5 (interquartile range 44-73.5) years were included; 17 subjects were seizure free at baseline, and 9 of them switched from levetiracetam because of lack of tolerability. The retention rate of BRV monotherapy was 88.6% (39/44) at 6 months and 83.9% (26/31) at 12 months. The rates of seizure freedom were 72.7% (32/44) in subjects with 6-month follow-up and 58.1% (18/31) in subjects with 12-month follow-up. The median maintenance dosage of BRV monotherapy was 150 (100-200) mg/day at 6 months and 125 (100-200) mg/day in subjects with 12-month follow-up. Adverse events were recorded in 6/44 (13.6%) participants and led to BRV discontinuation in 2/44 (4.5%) cases. The reported AEs were somnolence (n = 3), fatigue (n = 2), and irritability (n = 1); no serious AEs were experienced. In 21/44 (47.7%) participants, BRV monotherapy resulted from the direct switch from levetiracetam. The rates of treatment retention and seizure freedom at 6 and 12 months were higher among people who switched from levetiracetam to BRV monotherapy. CONCLUSION Brivaracetam may be a valuable treatment of focal seizures in people who converted to monotherapy in a real-life setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Lattanzi
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Conca 71, 60020, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Nicoletta Foschi
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Conca 71, 60020, Ancona, Italy
| | - Chiara Martellino
- Neurophysiopathology and Movement Disorders Clinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Daniela Audenino
- S.C. Neurologia, S.S.C. Neurofisiopatologia, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Division of Neurology, SS Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonanni
- Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Conegliano, Treviso, Italy
| | - Edoardo Ferlazzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valentina Chiesa
- Epilepsy Center, Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, AAST Santi Paolo Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Dainese
- Unit of Neurology and Unit of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marta Piccioli
- Neurology Unit, PO San Filippo Neri, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ferrari
- Division of Clinical Neurophysiology and Epilepsy Centre, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angelo Labate
- Neurophysiopathology and Movement Disorders Clinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Erbas B, Conde-Rubio A, Liu X, Pernollet J, Wang Z, Bertsch A, Penedo M, Fantner G, Banerjee M, Kis A, Boero G, Brugger J. Combining thermal scanning probe lithography and dry etching for grayscale nanopattern amplification. Microsyst Nanoeng 2024; 10:28. [PMID: 38405129 PMCID: PMC10891065 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00655-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Grayscale structured surfaces with nanometer-scale features are used in a growing number of applications in optics and fluidics. Thermal scanning probe lithography achieves a lateral resolution below 10 nm and a vertical resolution below 1 nm, but its maximum depth in polymers is limited. Here, we present an innovative combination of nanowriting in thermal resist and plasma dry etching with substrate cooling, which achieves up to 10-fold amplification of polymer nanopatterns into SiO2 without proportionally increasing surface roughness. Sinusoidal nanopatterns in SiO2 with 400 nm pitch and 150 nm depth are fabricated free of shape distortion after dry etching. To exemplify the possible applications of the proposed method, grayscale dielectric nanostructures are used for scalable manufacturing through nanoimprint lithography and for strain nanoengineering of 2D materials. Such a method for aspect ratio amplification and smooth grayscale nanopatterning has the potential to find application in the fabrication of photonic and nanoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berke Erbas
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Switzerland
| | - Ana Conde-Rubio
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Switzerland
- Present Address: Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Spain
| | - Xia Liu
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Switzerland
- Present Address: School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Joffrey Pernollet
- Center of MicroNanoTechnology (CMi), EPFL, Lausanne, 1015 Switzerland
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Electronics and Structures, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Bertsch
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Switzerland
| | - Marcos Penedo
- Laboratory for Bio- and Nano- Instrumentation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Switzerland
| | - Georg Fantner
- Laboratory for Bio- and Nano- Instrumentation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Switzerland
| | - Mitali Banerjee
- Laboratory of Quantum Physics, Topology and Correlations, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Switzerland
| | - Andras Kis
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Electronics and Structures, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Switzerland
| | - Juergen Brugger
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015 Switzerland
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Roberti R, Di Gennaro G, Anzellotti F, Arnaldi D, Belcastro V, Beretta S, Boero G, Bonanni P, Canafoglia L, D'Aniello A, Dainese F, De Caro C, Di Gennaro G, Di Giacomo R, DiFrancesco JC, Dono F, Falcicchio G, Ferlazzo E, Foschi N, Franciotta S, Gambardella A, Giordano A, Iannone LF, Labate A, La Neve A, Lattanzi S, Leggio U, Liguori C, Maschio M, Nilo A, Operto FF, Pascarella A, Pauletto G, Renna R, Strigaro G, Russo E. A real-world comparison among third-generation antiseizure medications: Results from the COMPARE study. Epilepsia 2024; 65:456-472. [PMID: 38052481 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are few comparative data on the third-generation antiseizure medications (ASMs). We aimed to assess and compare the effectiveness of brivaracetam (BRV), eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL), lacosamide (LCM), and perampanel (PER) in people with epilepsy (PWE). Efficacy and tolerability were compared as secondary objectives. METHODS This multicenter, retrospective study collected data from 22 Italian neurology/epilepsy centers. All adult PWE who started add-on treatment with one of the studied ASMs between January 2018 and October 2021 were included. Retention rate was established as effectiveness measure and described using Kaplan-Meier curves and the best fitting survival model. The responder status and the occurrence of adverse events (AEs) were used to evaluate efficacy and safety, respectively. The odds of AEs and drug efficacy were estimated by two multilevel logistic models. RESULTS A total of 960 patients (52.92% females, median age = 43 years) met the inclusion criteria. They mainly suffered from structural epilepsy (52.29%) with monthly (46.2%) focal seizures (69.58%). Compared with LCM, all the studied ASMs had a higher dropout risk, statistically significant in the BRV levetiracetam (LEV)-naïve (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.17-3.29) and PER groups (HR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.06-2.55). Women were at higher risk of discontinuing ESL (HR = 5.33, 95% CI = 1.71-16.61), as well as PER-treated patients with unknown epilepsy etiology versus those with structural etiology (HR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.05-2.88). BRV with prior LEV therapy showed lower odds of efficacy (odds ratio [OR] = .08, 95% CI = .01-.48) versus LCM, whereas a higher efficacy was observed in women treated with BRV and LEV-naïve (OR = 10.32, 95% CI = 1.55-68.78) versus men. PER (OR = 6.93, 95% CI = 3.32-14.44) and BRV in LEV-naïve patients (OR = 6.80, 95% CI = 2.64-17.52) had a higher chance of AEs than LCM. SIGNIFICANCE Comparative evidence from real-world studies may help clinicians to tailor treatments according to patients' demographic and clinical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Roberti
- Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Di Gennaro
- Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Dario Arnaldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Clinical Neurology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCSS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Simone Beretta
- Department of Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Complex Structure of Neurology, SS Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonanni
- Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Conegliano, Treviso, Italy
| | - Laura Canafoglia
- Integrated Diagnostics for Epilepsy, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Filippo Dainese
- Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Clinical Neurology, DIDAS Department, Padua, Italy
| | - Carmen De Caro
- Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Di Giacomo
- Epilepsy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Fedele Dono
- Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, SS Annunziata Hospital, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Edoardo Ferlazzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Regional Epilepsy Center, Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli Great Metropolitan Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Foschi
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Franciotta
- Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Clinical Neurology, DIDAS Department, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonio Gambardella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Neurology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alfonso Giordano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Francesco Iannone
- Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Angelo Labate
- Neurophysiopathology and Movement Disorders Clinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Angela La Neve
- DiBraiN Department, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Simona Lattanzi
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ugo Leggio
- Unit of Neurophysiopathology, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Claudio Liguori
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Epilepsy Center, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Maschio
- Center for Tumor-Related Epilepsy, UOSD Neuro-Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Annacarmen Nilo
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Department of Head, Neck, and Neurosciences, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesca Felicia Operto
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Angelo Pascarella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Regional Epilepsy Center, Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli Great Metropolitan Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Giada Pauletto
- Neurology Unit, Department of Head, Neck, and Neurosciences, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Rosaria Renna
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, Department of Emergency and Acceptance, AORN Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Gionata Strigaro
- Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Epilepsy Center, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Emilio Russo
- Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Cappellari M, Pracucci G, Saia V, Fainardi E, Casetta I, Sallustio F, Ruggiero M, Longoni M, Simonetti L, Zini A, Lazzarotti GA, Giannini N, Da Ros V, Diomedi M, Vallone S, Bigliardi G, Limbucci N, Nencini P, Ajello D, Marcheselli S, Burdi N, Boero G, Bracco S, Tassi R, Boghi A, Naldi A, Biraschi F, Nicolini E, Castellan L, Del Sette M, Allegretti L, Sugo A, Buonomo O, Dell'Aera C, Saletti A, De Vito A, Lafe E, Mazzacane F, Bergui M, Cerrato P, Feraco P, Piffer S, Augelli R, Vit F, Gasparotti R, Magoni M, Comelli S, Melis M, Menozzi R, Scoditti U, Cavasin N, Critelli A, Causin F, Baracchini C, Guzzardi G, Tarletti R, Filauri P, Orlandi B, Giorgianni A, Cariddi LP, Piano M, Motto C, Gallesio I, Sepe FN, Romano G, Grasso MF, Pauciulo A, Rizzo A, Comai A, Franchini E, Sicurella L, Galvano G, Mannino M, Mangiafico S, Toni D, On Behalf Of The Iretas Group. IV thrombolysis plus thrombectomy versus IV thrombolysis alone for minor stroke with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion from the IRETAS and Italian SITS-ISTR cohorts. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:4401-4410. [PMID: 37458843 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06948-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) <4.5 h after symptom onset plus mechanical thrombectomy (MT) <6 h with those treated with IVT alone <4.5 h for minor stroke (NIHSS ≤5) with large vessel occlusion (LVO) in the anterior circulation. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients enrolled in the Italian Registry of Endovascular Treatment in Acute Stroke (IRETAS) and in the Italian centers included in the SITS-ISTR were analyzed. RESULTS Among the patients with complete data on 24-h ICH type, 236 received IVT plus MT and 382 received IVT alone. IVT plus MT was significantly associated with unfavorable shift on 24-h ICH types (from no ICH to PH-2) (OR, 2.130; 95% CI, 1.173-3.868; p=0.013) and higher rate of PH (OR, 4.363; 95% CI, 1.579-12.055; p=0.005), sICH per ECASS II definition (OR, 5.527; 95% CI, 1.378-22.167; p=0.016), and sICH per NINDS definition (OR, 3.805; 95% CI, 1.310-11.046; p=0.014). Among the patients with complete data on 3-month mRS score, 226 received IVT plus MT and 262 received IVT alone. No significant difference was reported between IVT plus MT and IVT alone on mRS score 0-1 (72.1% versus 69.1%), mRS score 0-2 (79.6% versus 79%), and death (6.2% versus 6.1%). CONCLUSIONS Compared with IVT alone, IVT plus MT was associated with unfavorable shift on 24-h ICH types and higher rate of 24-h PH and sICH in patients with minor stroke and LVO in the anterior circulation. However, no difference was reported between the groups on 3-month functional outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Cappellari
- Stroke Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Pracucci
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Neuroscience Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Saia
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, S. Corona Hospital, Pietra Ligure, Italy
| | - Enrico Fainardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche, Neuroradiologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Ospedale Universitario Careggi, Firenze, Italy
| | - Ilaria Casetta
- Neurology Unit, University Hospital Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Sallustio
- Unitá di Trattamento Neurovascolare, Ospedale dei Castelli-ASL6, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Ruggiero
- Neuroradiologia, AUSL Romagna Ospedale Bufalini, Cesena, Italy
| | - Marco Longoni
- Neurologia e Stroke Unit Ospedale Bufalini Cesena, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Luigi Simonetti
- UO Neuroradiologia Ospedale Maggiore-IRCCS Istituto di Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Zini
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, IRCCS Istituto di Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Giannini
- Neurological Institute, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valerio Da Ros
- Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Diomedi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Nicola Limbucci
- Neurovascular Interventional Unit-Careggi University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Patrizia Nencini
- Stroke Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Univarsitaria Careggi, Firenze, Italy
| | - Daniele Ajello
- Neuroradiology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Burdi
- Neuroradiology, SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy
| | | | - Sandra Bracco
- Neuroradiologia interventistica, Ospedale S. Maria delle Scotte-University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Rossana Tassi
- Stroke Unit, Ospedale S. Maria delle Scotte-University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Boghi
- SC Radiologia e Neuroradiologia, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco, Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Naldi
- S.C. Neurologia 2 Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Biraschi
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Interventional Neuroradiology, Universita degli Studi di Roma Sapienza, Rome, Lazio, Italy
| | - Ettore Nicolini
- Emergency Department Stroke Unit, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucio Castellan
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Massimo Del Sette
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Allegretti
- Department of Neuroradiology, S. Corona Hospital, Pietra Ligure, Italy
| | - Annalisa Sugo
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, S. Corona Hospital, Pietra Ligure, Italy
| | - Orazio Buonomo
- Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences-University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Cristina Dell'Aera
- Stroke Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine-University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Saletti
- Servizio di Neuroradiologia, Arcispedale S. Anna-University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Vito
- Neurology Division-Stroke Unit, Arcispedale S. Anna-University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elvis Lafe
- UOC Radiologia Diagnostica per Immagini 2-Neuroradiologia, Policlinico IRCCS San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federico Mazzacane
- UO Neurologia d'Urgenza e Stroke Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Mondino, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mauro Bergui
- Università Torino Dipartimento Neuroscienze, Città della Salute e della Scienza-Molinette, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Cerrato
- Stroke Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza-Molinette, Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Feraco
- U.O.C. Neuroradiologia diagnostica e Radiologia Interventistica, Ospedale Santa Chiara, Trento, Italy
| | - Silvio Piffer
- U.O.C Neurologia, Ospedale Santa Chiara, APSS di Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Raffaele Augelli
- Neuroradiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Vit
- Stroke Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Simone Comelli
- Vascular and Interventional Neuroradiology Department, ARNAS G. Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maurizio Melis
- Neuroscience Department, ARNAS G. Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | - Nicola Cavasin
- Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale dell'Angelo, USSL 3 Serenissima, Mestre, Venice, Italy
| | - Adriana Critelli
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale dell'Angelo, USSL 3 Serenissima, Mestre, Venice, Italy
| | - Francesco Causin
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Neuroradiology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudio Baracchini
- Stroke Unit and Neurosonology Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Pietro Filauri
- UOSD Radiologia interventistica, p.o., Avezzano, AQ, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Giorgianni
- UOC Neuroradiologia, ASST Sette Laghi Varese-Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy
| | | | - Mariangela Piano
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Ivan Gallesio
- Neuroradiology Unit AO "SS. Antonio e Biagio e C. Arrigo", Alessandria, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Annalisa Rizzo
- Department of Neurology, Vito Fazzi Hospital, Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessio Comai
- Neuroradiologia, Ospedale Provinciale di Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Salvatore Mangiafico
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
- Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
- Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- S. Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Danilo Toni
- Emergency Department Stroke Unit, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Cappellari M, Pracucci G, Saia V, Sallustio F, Casetta I, Fainardi E, Capasso F, Nencini P, Vallone S, Bigliardi G, Saletti A, De Vito A, Ruggiero M, Longoni M, Semeraro V, Boero G, Silvagni U, Stancati F, Lafe E, Mazzacane F, Bracco S, Tassi R, Comelli S, Melis M, Romano D, Napoletano R, Menozzi R, Scoditti U, Chiumarulo L, Petruzzellis M, Vinci SL, Ferraù L, Taglialatela F, Zini A, Sanna A, Tassinari T, Iacobucci M, Nicolini E, Bergui M, Cerrato P, Giorgianni A, Princiotta Cariddi L, Amistà P, Russo M, Gallesio I, Sepe F, Comai A, Franchini E, Filauri P, Orlandi B, Besana M, Giossi A, Lazzarotti GA, Orlandi G, Castellano D, Naldi A, Plebani M, Zivelonghi C, Invernizzi P, Mangiafico S, Toni D. Predictors for hemorrhagic transformation and cerebral edema in stroke patients with first-pass complete recanalization. Int J Stroke 2023; 18:1238-1246. [PMID: 37337362 DOI: 10.1177/17474930231185690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predictors of radiological complications attributable to reperfusion injury remain unknown when baseline setting is optimal for endovascular treatment and procedural setting is the best in stroke patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO). AIMS To identify clinical and radiological/procedural predictors for hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and cerebral edema (CED) at 24 hr in patients obtaining complete recanalization in one pass of thrombectomy for ischemic stroke ⩽ 6 h from symptom onset with intra-cranial anterior circulation LVO and ASPECTS ⩾ 6. METHODS We conducted a cohort study on prospectively collected data from 1400 patients enrolled in the Italian Registry of Endovascular Treatment in Acute Stroke. RESULTS HT was reported in 248 (18%) patients and early CED was reported in 260 (19.2%) patients. In the logistic regression model including predictors from a first model with clinical variables and from a second model with radiological/procedural variables, diabetes mellitus (odds ratio (OR) = 1.832, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.201-2.795), higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (OR = 1.076, 95% CI = 1.044-1.110), lower Alberta Stroke Program Early CT (ASPECTS) (OR = 0.815, 95% CI = 0.694-0.957), and longer onset-to-groin time (OR = 1.005, 95% CI = 1.002-1.007) were predictors of HT, whereas general anesthesia was inversely associated with HT (OR = 0.540, 95% CI = 0.355-0.820). Higher NIHSS (OR = 1.049, 95% CI = 1.021-1.077), lower ASPECTS (OR = 0.700, 95% CI = 0.613-0.801), intravenous thrombolysis (OR = 1.464, 95% CI = 1.061-2.020), longer onset-to-groin time (OR = 1.002, 95% CI = 1.001-1.005), and longer procedure time (OR = 1.009, 95% CI = 1.004-1.015) were predictors of early CED. After repeating a fourth logistic regression model including also good collaterals, the same variables remained predictors for HT and/or early CED, except diabetes mellitus and thrombolysis, while good collaterals were inversely associated with early CED (OR = 0.385, 95% CI = 0.248-0.599). CONCLUSIONS Higher NIHSS, lower ASPECTS, and longer onset-to-groin time were predictors for both HT and early CED. General anesthesia and good collaterals were inversely associated with HT and early CED, respectively. Longer procedure time was predictor of early CED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Cappellari
- Stroke Unit, DAI di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elvis Lafe
- Policlinico IRCCS San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Sandra Bracco
- Ospedale S. Maria delle Scotte-University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Rossana Tassi
- Ospedale S. Maria delle Scotte-University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniele Romano
- AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi di Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrea Zini
- IRCCS Istituto di Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Mauro Bergui
- Città della Salute e della Scienza-Molinette, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Cerrato
- Città della Salute e della Scienza-Molinette, Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Giorgianni
- ASST Sette Laghi Varese-Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy
| | | | | | - Monia Russo
- Ospedale S. Maria Misericordia, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Ivan Gallesio
- AO SS Antonio e Biagio e C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Federica Sepe
- AO SS Antonio e Biagio e C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mauro Plebani
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Salvatore Mangiafico
- Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
- S. Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Cappellari M, Saia V, Pracucci G, Casetta I, Fainardi E, Sallustio F, Ruggiero M, Romoli M, Simonetti L, Zini A, Lazzarotti GA, Orlandi G, Vallone S, Bigliardi G, Renieri L, Nencini P, Semeraro V, Boero G, Bracco S, Tassi R, Castellano D, Naldi A, Biraschi F, Nicolini E, Del Sette B, Malfatto L, Allegretti L, Tassinari T, Tessitore A, Ferraù L, Saletti A, De Vito A, Lafe E, Cavallini A, Bergui M, Bosco G, Feraco P, Bignamini V, Mandruzzato N, Vit F, Mardighian D, Magoni M, Comelli S, Melis M, Menozzi R, Scoditti U, Cester G, Viario F, Stecco A, Fleetwood T, Filauri P, Sacco S, Giorgianni A, Cariddi LP, Piano M, Motto C, Gallesio I, Sepe F, Romano G, Grasso MF, Lozupone E, Fasano A, Comai A, Franchini E, Bruni S, Silvestrini M, Chiumarulo L, Petruzzelli M, Pavia M, Invernizzi P, Puglielli E, Casalena A, Pedicelli A, Frisullo G, Amistà P, Russo M, Allegritti M, Caproni S, Mangiafico S, Toni D. Stroke with large vessel occlusion in the posterior circulation: IV thrombolysis plus thrombectomy versus IV thrombolysis alone. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2023; 56:454-462. [PMID: 37378700 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-023-02844-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Efficacy and safety of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for stroke with posterior circulation large vessel occlusion (LVO) is still under debate. We aimed to compare the outcomes of stroke patients with posterior circulation LVO treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) (< 4.5 h after symptom onset) plus MT < 6 h after symptom onset with those treated with IVT alone (< 4.5 h after symptom onset). Patients enrolled in the Italian Registry of Endovascular Treatment in Acute Stroke (IRETAS) and in the Italian centers included in the SITS-ISTR were analysed. We identified 409 IRETAS patients treated with IVT plus MT and 384 SITS-ISTR patients treated with IVT alone. IVT plus MT was significantly associated with higher rate of sICH (ECASS II) compared with IVT alone (3.1 vs 1.9%; OR 3.984, 95% CI 1.014-15.815), while the two treatments did not differ significantly in 3-month mRS score ≤ 3 (64.3 vs 74.1%; OR 0.829, 95% CI 0.524-1.311). In 389 patients with isolated basilar artery (BA) occlusion, IVT plus MT was significantly associated with higher rate of any ICH compared with IVT alone (9.4 vs 7.4%; OR 4.131, 95% CI 1.215-14.040), while two treatments did not differ significantly in 3-month mRS score ≤ 3 and sICH per ECASS II definition. IVT plus MT was significantly associated with higher rate mRS score ≤ 2 (69.1 vs 52.1%; OR 2.692, 95% CI 1.064-6.811) and lower rate of death (13.8 vs 27.1%; OR 0.299, 95% CI 0.095-0.942) in patients with distal-segment BA occlusion, while two treatments did not differ significantly in 3-month mRS score ≤ 3 and sICH per ECASS II definition. IVT plus MT was significantly associated with lower rate of mRS score ≤ 3 (37.1 vs 53.3%; OR 0.137, 0.009-0.987), mRS score ≤ 1 (22.9 vs 53.3%; OR 0.066, 95% CI 0.006-0.764), mRS score ≤ 2 (34.3 vs 53.3%; OR 0.102, 95% CI 0.011-0.935), and higher rate of death (51.4 vs 40%; OR 16.244, 1.395-89.209) in patients with proximal-segment BA occlusion. Compared with IVT alone, IVT plus MT was significantly associated with higher rate of sICH per ECASS II definition in patients with stroke and posterior circulation LVO, while two treatment groups did not differ significantly in 3-month mRS score ≤ 3. IVT plus MT was associated with lower rate of mRS score ≤ 3 compared with IVT alone in patients with proximal-segment BA occlusion, whereas no significant difference was found between the two treatments in primary endpoints in patients isolated BA occlusion and in the other subgroups based on site occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Cappellari
- Stroke Unit, DAI di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy.
| | - Valentina Saia
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, S. Corona Hospital, Pietra Ligure, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pracucci
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Neuroscience Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria Casetta
- Neurology Unit, University Hospital Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Enrico Fainardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche, Neuroradiologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Ospedale Universitario Careggi, Firenze, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Sallustio
- Unitá di Trattamento Neurovascolare, ospedale dei Castelli-ASL6, Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Ruggiero
- Neuroradiologia, AUSL Romagna Ospedale Bufalini, Cesena, Italy
| | - Michele Romoli
- Neurologia e Stroke Unit H Bufalini Cesena, AUSL Romagna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Luigi Simonetti
- UO Neuroradiologia Ospedale Maggiore, IRCCS Istituto di Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Zini
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, IRCCS Istituto di Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Orlandi
- Neurological Institute, University Hospital of Pisa, Italy, Italy
| | | | | | - Leonardo Renieri
- Neurovascular Interventional Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Patrizia Nencini
- Stroke Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Univarsitaria Careggi, Firenze, Italy
| | | | | | - Sandra Bracco
- Neuroradiologia Interventistica, Ospedale S. Maria Delle Scotte-University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Rossana Tassi
- Stroke Unit, Ospedale S. Maria Delle Scotte-University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Davide Castellano
- S.C. Radiologia e Neuroradiologia, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco, Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Naldi
- , 2 Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco, S.C. Neurologia, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Biraschi
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Interventional Neuroradiology, Universita degli Studi di Roma Sapienza, Roma, Lazio, Italy
| | - Ettore Nicolini
- Emergency Department Stroke Unit, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Bruno Del Sette
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Malfatto
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Allegretti
- Department of Neuroradiology, S. Corona Hospital, Pietra Ligure, Italy
| | | | - Agostino Tessitore
- Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Ludovica Ferraù
- Stroke Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Saletti
- Servizio di Neuroradiologia, Arcispedale S. Anna-University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Vito
- Neurology Division-Stroke Unit, Arcispedale S. Anna-University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elvis Lafe
- UOC Radiologia Diagnostica Per Immagini 2, Neuroradiologia, Policlinico IRCCS San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Cavallini
- UO Neurologia d'Urgenza e Stroke Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Mondino, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mauro Bergui
- Università Torino Dipartimento Neuroscienze, Città della Salute e della Scienza-Molinette, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bosco
- Stroke Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza-Molinette, Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Feraco
- U.O.C. Neuroradiologia Diagnostica e Radiologia Interventistica, Ospedale Santa Chiara, Trento, Italy
| | - Valeria Bignamini
- U.O.C Neurologia, Ospedale Santa Chiara, APSS di Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Nicolò Mandruzzato
- Neuroradiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Vit
- Stroke Unit, DAI di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Simone Comelli
- Vascular and Interventional Neuroradiology Department, ARNAS G. Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maurizio Melis
- Neuroscience Department, ARNAS G. Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | - Giacomo Cester
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Neuroradiology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Viario
- Stroke Unit and Neurosonology Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Pietro Filauri
- UOSD Radiologia Interventistica, p.o. Avezzano, AQ, Italy
| | - Simona Sacco
- UOC Neurologia e Stroke Unit, p.o. Avezzano, AQ, Italy
| | - Andrea Giorgianni
- UOC Neuroradiologia, ASST Sette Laghi Varese, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy
| | | | - Mariangela Piano
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale Niguarda, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Ivan Gallesio
- Neuroradiology Unit AO "SS. Antonio e Biagio e C. Arrigo", Alessandria, Italy
| | - Federica Sepe
- Neurology Unit AO "SS. Antonio e Biagio e C. Arrigo", Alessandria, Italy
| | | | | | - Emilio Lozupone
- Department of Neuroradiology, Vito Fazzi Hospital, Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonio Fasano
- Department of Neurology, Vito Fazzi Hospital, Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessio Comai
- Neuroradiologia, Ospedale Provinciale di Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Bruni
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mauro Silvestrini
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luigi Chiumarulo
- UOS Neuroradiologia Interventistica, AOU Consorziale Policlinico, Policlinico Bari, Italy
| | | | - Marco Pavia
- Neuroradiologia, Istituto Ospedaliero Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paolo Invernizzi
- Stroke Unit, Istituto Ospedaliero Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | - Edoardo Puglielli
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Ospedale Civile Mazzini, Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Pedicelli
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, UOSA Neuroradiologia Interventistica, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Frisullo
- Dipartimento Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, UOC Neurologia, Ortopediche e della Testa-Collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Pietro Amistà
- Neuroradiologia, Ospedale S. Maria Misericordia, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Monia Russo
- Stroke Unit, Ospedale S. Maria Misericordia, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Allegritti
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Maria Terni Angiografia Diagostica e Terapeutica, Azienda Ospedaliera "S. Maria", Terni, Italy
| | - Stefano Caproni
- Neurologia e Stroke Unit, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliera "S. Maria", Terni, Italy
| | - Salvatore Mangiafico
- Interventional Neuroradiology Consultant at IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), and Adjunct Professor of Interventional Neuroradiology at Tor Vergata University, Sapienza University and S. Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Danilo Toni
- Emergency Department Stroke Unit, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
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Falcicchio G, Russo E, Fabiano A, Scalese M, Boero G, Trojano M, de Tommaso M, La Neve A. Current safety concerns about the use of antiseizure medications in pregnancy. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2022; 21:1459-1468. [PMID: 36537559 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2022.2160443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Given the high prevalence of epilepsy in women of childbearing potential (15 million out of 50 million people worldwide), antiseizure medication (ASM) use in pregnancy is common. Identifying the safest and most effective ASM to use during pregnancy is often difficult, but also crucially important. The challenge is to balance two needs: maintaining seizure control while minimizing teratogenicity. AREAS COVERED This review looks at seizure- and treatment-related risks to mother and fetus during pregnancy, existing healthcare information programmes, strengths and pitfalls of the main pregnancy registries, known and supposed pharmacokinetic changes during gestation, the utility of therapeutic drug monitoring, and safety concerns. Articles and related content were screened on available publications after January 2000. EXPERT OPINION The use of newer ASMs during pregnancy is still limited, as shown by the paucity of data collected by different pregnancy registries. Choosing these medications can be challenging, partly due to unknown pharmacokinetic modifications in pregnancy, an aspect that serum drug monitoring might help to clarify. The safest treatment is chosen also taking into account the woman's needs, concerns and wishes, but adequate pre-pregnancy counseling is necessary to properly inform her about personal and fetal risks related both to seizures and to medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Falcicchio
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Emilio Russo
- Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Fabiano
- Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Micaela Scalese
- Pharmacy Department, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Complex Structure of Neurology, SS Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy
| | - Maria Trojano
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Marina de Tommaso
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Angela La Neve
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Falcicchio G, Boero G, Francavilla T, Alicino AM, Sgobio R, Trojano M, La Neve A. A case of recurring focal motor seizures as expression of an inflammatory cerebral process with suspected dysimmune etiology. Epilepsy Behav Rep 2022; 20:100576. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ebr.2022.100576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Clément P, Ackermann J, Sahin-Solmaz N, Herbertz S, Boero G, Kruss S, Brugger J. Comparison of electrical and optical transduction modes of DNA-wrapped SWCNT nanosensors for the reversible detection of neurotransmitters. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 216:114642. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Conde-Rubio A, Liu X, Boero G, Brugger J. Edge-Contact MoS 2 Transistors Fabricated Using Thermal Scanning Probe Lithography. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:42328-42336. [PMID: 36070441 PMCID: PMC9501915 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The science and engineering of two-dimensional materials (2DMs), in particular, of 2D semiconductors, is advancing at a thriving pace. It is well known that these delicate few-atoms thick materials can be damaged during the processing toward their integration into final devices. Thermal scanning probe lithography (t-SPL) is a gentle alternative to the typically used electron beam lithography to fabricate these devices avoiding the use of electrons, which are well known to deteriorate the 2DMs' properties. Here, t-SPL is used for the fabrication of MoS2-based field effect transistors (FETs). In particular, the use of t-SPL is demonstrated for the first time for the fabrication of edge-contact MoS2 FETs, combining the hot-tip patterning and Ar+ milling to etch the 2DM. To avoid contamination of the contact interface by atmospheric gas molecules, etching and metal deposition are performed without breaking the vacuum conditions in between. With this process, edge-contact MoS2 FETs are successfully fabricated and characterized. On/off ratios up to 108 and 109 are obtained at room temperature in air and vacuum, respectively, i.e., comparable with the best values reported in the literature.
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Wang Y, Boero G, Zhang X, Brugger J. Nanopore Generation in Biodegradable Silk/Magnetic Nanoparticle Membranes by an External Magnetic Field for Implantable Drug Delivery. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:40418-40426. [PMID: 36036484 PMCID: PMC9460430 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Implantable devices for localized and controlled drug release are important, e.g., for therapies of cancer and chronic pain. However, most of the existing active implants are limited by the usage of nonbiodegradable materials; thus, surgery is needed to extract them after the treatment, which leads to secondary damage. Here, we show a fully biodegradable composite membrane made from silk fibroin and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The membrane porosity can be remotely modified by an alternating magnetic field, which opens nanopores by local heating of MNPs in the composite allowing a liquid to diffuse through them. The stability of the silk membrane in water can be prolonged up to several months by increasing its β-sheet content through ethanol annealing. We present the following original findings. (a) Nanopores can be generated inside the silk/MNP composite membrane by exposing it to an external alternating magnetic field. (b) A longer exposure time results in more nanopore sites. (c) The controllable release of rhodamine B dye is achieved by tuning the period of exposure to the magnetic field. The obtained results demonstrate the suitability of the investigated silk/MNP composite membrane as a potential functional material for implantable drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wang
- Food
Science and Technology Program, Beijing
Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International
College, 519087 Zhuhai, China
- Microsystems
Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Microsystems
Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xiaosheng Zhang
- School
of Electronic Science and Engineering, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 611731 Chengdu, China
| | - Juergen Brugger
- Microsystems
Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The therapeutic management of women with epilepsy (WWE) of childbearing age can be complicated by the need to balance maternal/fetal risks related to seizure occurrence during gestation with the potential teratogenic risks related to the use of anti-seizure medications (ASMs). AREAS COVERED The authors review clinical evidence on seizure-related and ASM-related risks during pregnancy. Current regulatory indications are discussed, evaluating their impact on clinical practice, and ethical implications of pharmacological decisions are debated. EXPERT OPINION If properly informed about the maternal/fetal risks carried by different pharmacological choices, WWE can become the final decision makers regarding their care in every phase of their life. Over the coming years, analysis of aggregated pregnancy registry data on the structural impact, on the fetus, of low doses of valproate and of newer ASMs, together with analysis of the main population study data on functional (cognitive and behavioral) outcomes, could lead to huge advances, making choosing an ASM a less complex process for the clinician and a less painful decision for the woman. Future objectives should include identification of the potential role of the pharmacogenomic profile of WWE in determining the risk of fetal malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela La Neve
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Falcicchio
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Trojano
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Complex Structure of Neurology, SS Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy
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Casetta I, Fainardi E, Pracucci G, Saia V, Sallustio F, da Ros V, Nappini S, Nencini P, Bigliardi G, Vinci S, Grillo F, Bracco S, Tassi R, Bergui M, Cerrato P, Saletti A, De Vito A, Gasparotti R, Magoni M, Simonetti L, Zini A, Ruggiero M, Longoni M, Castellan L, Malfatto L, Castellini P, Cosottini M, Comai A, Franchini E, Lozupone E, Della Marca G, Puglielli E, Casalena A, Baracchini C, Savio D, Duc E, Ricciardi G, Cappellari M, Chiumarulo L, Petruzzellis M, Cavallini A, Cavasin N, Critelli A, Burdi N, Boero G, Giorgianni A, Versino M, Biraschi F, Nicolini E, Comelli S, Melis M, Padolecchia R, Tassinari T, Paolo Nuzzi N, Marcheselli S, Sacco S, Invernizzi P, Gallesio I, Ferrandi D, Fancello M, Valeria Saddi M, Russo M, Pischedda A, Baule A, Mannino M, Florio F, Inchingolo V, Elena Flacco M, Romano D, Silvagni U, Inzitari D, Mangiafico S, Toni D. Sex differences in outcome after thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke. A propensity score-matched study. Eur Stroke J 2022; 7:151-157. [PMID: 35647312 PMCID: PMC9134778 DOI: 10.1177/23969873221091648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We sought to investigate whether there are gender differences in clinical outcome after stroke due to large vessel occlusion (LVO) after mechanical thrombectomy (EVT) in a large population of real-world patients. METHODS From the Italian Registry of Endovascular Thrombectomy, we extracted clinical and outcome data of patients treated for stroke due to large vessel occlusion. We compared clinical and safety outcomes in men and women who underwent EVT alone or in combination with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in the total population and in a Propensity Score matched set. RESULTS Among 3422 patients included in the study, 1801 (52.6%) were women. Despite older age at onset (mean 72.4 vs 68.7; p < 0.001), and higher rate of atrial fibrillation (41.7% vs 28.6%; p < 0.001), women had higher probability of 3-month functional independence (adjusted odds ratio-adjOR 1.19; 95% CI 1.02-1.38), of complete recanalization (adjOR 1.25; 95% CI 1.09-1.44) and lower probability of death (adjOR 0.75; 95% CI 0.62-0.90). After propensity-score matching, a well-balanced cohort comprising 1150 men and 1150 women was analyzed, confirming the same results regarding functional outcome (3-month functional independence: OR 1.25; 95% CI 1.04-1.51), and complete recanalization (OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.09-1.53). CONCLUSIONS Subject to the limitations of a non-randomized comparison, women with stroke due to LVO treated with mechanical thrombectomy had a better chance to achieve complete recanalization, and 3-month functional independence than men. The results could be driven by women who underwent combined treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Casetta
- Clinical Neurology, University of
Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | - Valentina Saia
- Hospital Santa Corona Pietra Ligure,
Pietra Ligure, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrea Saletti
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di
Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | - Mauro Magoni
- Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale
degli Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Zini
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze
Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Enrica Duc
- Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco, Torino,
Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Francesco Florio
- Fondazione di Religione e di Culto
Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Inchingolo
- Fondazione di Religione e di Culto
Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Danilo Toni
- University of Rome La Sapienza, RM,
Roma, Italy
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15
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Lattanzi S, Ascoli M, Canafoglia L, Canevini MP, Casciato S, Cerulli Irelli E, Chiesa V, Dainese F, De Maria G, Didato G, Di Gennaro G, Falcicchio G, Fanella M, Gangitano M, La Neve A, Mecarelli O, Montalenti E, Morano A, Piazza F, Pizzanelli C, Pulitano P, Ranzato F, Rosati E, Tassi L, Di Bonaventura C, Alicino A, Assenza G, Avorio F, Badioni V, Banfi P, Bartolini E, Manfredi Basili L, Belcastro V, Beretta S, Berto I, Biggi M, Billo G, Boero G, Bonanni P, Bongiorno J, Brigo F, Caggia E, Cagnetti C, Calvello C, Cesnik E, Chianale G, Ciampanelli D, Ciuffini R, Cocito D, Colella D, Contento M, Costa C, Cumbo E, D'Aniello A, Deleo F, DiFrancesco JC, Di Giacomo R, Di Liberto A, Domina E, Donato F, Dono F, Durante V, Elia M, Estraneo A, Evangelista G, Teresa Faedda M, Failli Y, Fallica E, Fattouch J, Ferrari A, Ferreri F, Fisco G, Fonti D, Fortunato F, Foschi N, Francavilla T, Galli R, Gasparini S, Gazzina S, Teresa Giallonardo A, Sean Giorgi F, Giuliano L, Habetswallner F, Izzi F, Kassabian B, Kiferle L, Labate A, Luisi C, Magliani M, Maira G, Mari L, Marino D, Mascia A, Mazzeo A, Meletti S, Milano C, Nilo A, Orlando B, Paladin F, Grazia Pascarella M, Pastori C, Pauletto G, Peretti A, Perri G, Pezzella M, Piccioli M, Pignatta P, Pilolli N, Pisani F, Rosa Pisani L, Placidi F, Pollicino P, Porcella V, Puligheddu M, Quadri S, Paolo Quarato P, Quintas R, Renna R, Rum A, Michele Salamone E, Savastano E, Sessa M, Stokelj D, Tartara E, Tombini M, Tumminelli G, Elisabetta Vaudano A, Ventura M, Viganò I, Viglietta E, Vignoli A, Villani F, Zambrelli E, Zummo L. Sustained seizure freedom with adjunctive brivaracetam in patients with focal‐onset seizures. Epilepsia 2022; 63:e42-e50. [PMID: 35278335 PMCID: PMC9311068 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Lattanzi
- Neurological Clinic Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine Marche Polytechnic University Ancona Italy
| | - Michele Ascoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro Catanzaro Italy
| | - Laura Canafoglia
- Department of Epileptology Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Maria Paola Canevini
- Epilepsy Center Child Neuropsychiatry Unit AAST Santi Paolo Carlo Milan Italy
- Department of Health Sciences Università degli Studi Milan Italy
| | | | | | - Valentina Chiesa
- Epilepsy Center Child Neuropsychiatry Unit AAST Santi Paolo Carlo Milan Italy
| | | | - Giovanni De Maria
- Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Epilepsy Center Spedali Civili Brescia Italy
| | - Giuseppe Didato
- Epilepsy Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta" Milan Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Falcicchio
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Neurosciences and Sense Organs‐ University Hospital of Bari “A. Moro”
| | - Martina Fanella
- Department of Human Neurosciences Policlinico Umberto I Sapienza University of Rome Italy
| | - Massimo Gangitano
- Department of Biomedicine Neuroscience, and advanced Diagnostic (BIND) University of Palermo Palermo Italy
| | - Angela La Neve
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Neurosciences and Sense Organs‐ University Hospital of Bari “A. Moro”
| | - Oriano Mecarelli
- Department of Human Neurosciences Policlinico Umberto I Sapienza University of Rome Italy
| | - Elisa Montalenti
- Epilepsy Center AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino Turin Italy
| | - Alessandra Morano
- Department of Human Neurosciences Policlinico Umberto I Sapienza University of Rome Italy
| | - Federico Piazza
- Rita Levi Montalcini Department of Neurosciences University of Turin Turin Italy
| | - Chiara Pizzanelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Neurological Clinic University of Pisa Pisa, Pisa Italy
| | - Patrizia Pulitano
- Department of Human Neurosciences Policlinico Umberto I Sapienza University of Rome Italy
| | | | - Eleonora Rosati
- Department Neurology 2 Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Laura Tassi
- "C. Munari" Epilepsy Surgery Centre Niguarda Hospital Milan Italy
| | - Carlo Di Bonaventura
- Department of Human Neurosciences Policlinico Umberto I Sapienza University of Rome Italy
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16
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Lattanzi S, Canafoglia L, Canevini MP, Casciato S, Irelli EC, Chiesa V, Dainese F, De Maria G, Didato G, Di Gennaro G, Falcicchio G, Fanella M, Ferlazzo E, Gangitano M, La Neve A, Mecarelli O, Montalenti E, Morano A, Piazza F, Pizzanelli C, Pulitano P, Ranzato F, Rosati E, Tassi L, Di Bonaventura C, Alicino A, Ascoli M, Assenza G, Avorio F, Badioni V, Banfi P, Bartolini E, Basili LM, Belcastro V, Beretta S, Berto I, Biggi M, Billo G, Boero G, Bonanni P, Bongorno J, Brigo F, Caggia E, Cagnetti C, Calvello C, Cesnik E, Chianale G, Ciampanelli D, Ciuffini R, Cocito D, Colella D, Contento M, Costa C, Cumbo E, D'Aniello A, Deleo F, DiFrancesco JC, Di Giacomo R, Di Liberto A, Domina E, Dono F, Durante V, Elia M, Estraneo A, Evangelista G, Faedda MT, Failli Y, Fallica E, Fattouch J, Ferrari A, Ferreri F, Fisco G, Fonti D, Fortunato F, Foschi N, Francavilla T, Galli R, Gazzina S, Giallonardo AT, Giorgi FS, Giuliano L, Habetswallner F, Izzi F, Kassabian B, Labate A, Luisi C, Magliani M, Maira G, Mari L, Marino D, Mascia A, Mazzeo A, Milano C, Meletti S, Nilo A, Orlando B, Paladin F, Pascarella MG, Pastori C, Pauletto G, Peretti A, Perri G, Pezzella M, Piccioli M, Pignatta P, Pilolli N, Pisani F, Pisani LR, Placidi F, Pollicino P, Porcella V, Pradella S, Puligheddu M, Quadri S, Quarato PP, Quintas R, Renna R, Rizzo GR, Rum A, Salamone EM, Savastano E, Sessa M, Stokelj D, Tartara E, Tombini M, Tumminelli G, Vaudano AE, Ventura M, Viganò I, Viglietta E, Vignoli A, Villani F, Zambrelli E, Zummo L. Brivaracetam as add-on treatment in patients with post-stroke epilepsy: real-world data from the BRIVAracetam add-on First Italian netwoRk Study (BRIVAFIRST). Seizure 2022; 97:37-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Jang J, Panusa G, Boero G, Brugger J. SU-8 cantilever with integrated pyrolyzed glass-like carbon piezoresistor. Microsyst Nanoeng 2022; 8:22. [PMID: 35223080 PMCID: PMC8831616 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-022-00351-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Glass-like carbon (GC) is a nongraphitizing material composed entirely of carbon atoms produced from selected organic polymer resins by controlled pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere. The GC properties are a combination of the properties of glass, ceramic, and graphite, including hardness, low density, low thermal conductivity, high chemical inertness, biocompatibility, high electrical conductivity, and microfabrication process compatibility. Despite these unique properties, the application of GC in mechanical sensors has not been explored thus far. Here, we investigate the electrical, structural, and chemical properties of GC thin films derived from epoxy-based negative photoresist SU-8 pyrolyzed from 700 to 900 °C. In addition, we fabricated microGC piezoresistors pyrolyzed at 700 and 900 °C and integrated them into nonpyrolyzed SU-8 cantilevers to create microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) mechanical sensors. The sensitivities of the GC sensor to strain, force, surface stress, and acceleration are characterized to demonstrate their potential and limits for electromechanical microdevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongmoon Jang
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Functional Ceramics, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 51508 Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Giulia Panusa
- Optics Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Juergen Brugger
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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18
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Sivelli G, Conley GM, Herrera C, Marable K, Rodriguez KJ, Bollwein H, Sudano MJ, Brugger J, Simpson AJ, Boero G, Grisi M. NMR spectroscopy of a single mammalian early stage embryo. J Magn Reson 2022; 335:107142. [PMID: 34999310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2021.107142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The resolving power, chemical sensitivity and non-invasive nature of NMR have made it an established technique for in vivo studies of large organisms both for research and clinical applications. NMR would clearly be beneficial for analysis of entities at the microscopic scale of about 1 nL (the nanoliter scale), typical of early development of mammalian embryos, microtissues and organoids: the scale where the building blocks of complex organisms could be observed. However, the handling of such small samples (about 100 µm) and sensitivity issues have prevented a widespread adoption of NMR. In this article we show how these limitations can be overcome to obtain NMR spectra of a mammalian embryo in its early stage. To achieve this we employ ultra-compact micro-chip technologies in combination with 3D-printed micro-structures. Such device is packaged for use as plug & play sensor and it shows sufficient sensitivity to resolve NMR signals from individual bovine pre-implantation embryos. The embryos in this study are obtained through In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) techniques, transported cryopreserved to the NMR laboratory, and measured shortly after thawing. In less than 1 h these spherical samples of just 130-190 µm produce distinct spectral peaks, largely originating from lipids contained inside them. We further observe how the spectra vary from one sample to another despite their optical and morphological similarities, suggesting that the method can further develop into a non-invasive embryo assay for selection prior to embryo transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carolina Herrera
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Department for Farm Animals, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Kyle J Rodriguez
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Heinrich Bollwein
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Department for Farm Animals, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mateus J Sudano
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Jürgen Brugger
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andre J Simpson
- Environmental NMR Center, University of Toronto, Scarborough Campus, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto M1C1A5, Canada
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Environmental NMR Center, University of Toronto, Scarborough Campus, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto M1C1A5, Canada
| | - Marco Grisi
- Annaida Technologies SA, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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19
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Sun YC, Boero G, Brugger J. Stretchable Conductors Fabricated by Stencil Lithography and Centrifugal Force-Assisted Patterning of Liquid Metal. ACS Appl Electron Mater 2021; 3:5423-5432. [PMID: 34977587 PMCID: PMC8717634 DOI: 10.1021/acsaelm.1c00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Embedding liquid metals (LMs) into an elastomer is emerging as a promising strategy for stretchable conductors. Existing manufacturing techniques are struggling between spatial resolution and process complexity and are limited to chemically resistant substrates. Here, we report on a hybrid process combining stencil lithography and centrifugal force-assisted patterning of liquid metal for the development of LM-based stretchable conductors. The selective wetting behavior of oxide-removed eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn) on metal patterns defined by stencil lithography enables micrometer scale LM patterns on an elastomeric substrate. Stencil lithography allows for defining metal regions without harsh chemical treatments, making it suitable for a wide range of substrates. Microscale LM patterns are achieved by efficiently removing the excess material by the centrifugal forces experienced from spinning the substrate. The proposed approach allows for the creation of LM patterns with a line width as small as 2 μm on a stretchable poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) substrate. The electrical measurement results show that the fabricated EGaIn devices can endure 40% mechanical strain over several thousands of cycles. Furthermore, a stencil design using microbridges is proposed to address the mechanical stability issue in stencil lithography. An EGaIn conductor with a serpentine structure and an interdigitated capacitor are fabricated and characterized. The results demonstrate that the patterned serpentine conductors retain their functionality with applied mechanical strain up to 80%. The performance of the interdigitated capacitors upon applied strain is in good agreement with the theoretical estimation. Finally, we demonstrate our approach also on poly(octamethylene maleate (anhydride) citrate) (POMaC) substrates to broaden the use of the proposed method to not only flexible and stretchable but also biodegradable substrates, opening a way for in vivo transient microsystem engineering. The work presented here provides a versatile and reliable approach for manufacturing stretchable conductors.
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20
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Alicino AM, Falcicchio G, Boero G, Santarcangelo G, Francavilla T, Trojano M, La Neve A. Perampanel during pregnancy: Description of four cases. Epilepsy Behav Rep 2021; 16:100490. [PMID: 34761195 PMCID: PMC8567359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebr.2021.100490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Perampanel (PER) is approved in Italy as an adjunctive treatment for focal-onset seizures (FOS) and generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCs), and it could be an alternative to valproate in young women diagnosed with idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Nevertheless, clinical data about the outcome of pregnancies in women exposed to PER are lacking. Here, we report retrospectively collected data from four women suffering from FOS who were exposed to PER during pregnancy. Three pregnancies were carried out with PER as add-on therapy during the entire gestation (8 mg/day in two patients and 6 mg/day in one), without seizure frequency variations. The fourth patient started PER 2 mg/day as monotherapy during the 13th week of pregnancy due to seizure relapse and continued it until delivery with complete seizure control. All pregnancies showed good outcomes, and their newborns did not possess major congenital malformations. Apgar scores and auxological parameters at birth were normal. Fetal pathology in follow-up during pregnancies was absent in all cases. In our patients PER was well tolerated and appeared safe for the fetuses and did not result in major malformations or adverse events at birth. Nevertheless, this is a report involving a small number of patients and it does not suggest the general use of PER is safe during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Alicino
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - G Falcicchio
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - G Boero
- Complex Structure of Neurology, SS Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy
| | | | - T Francavilla
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - M Trojano
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - A La Neve
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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21
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Pietrafusa N, La Neve A, de Palma L, Boero G, Luisi C, Vigevano F, Specchio N. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: Long-term prognosis and risk factors. Brain Dev 2021; 43:688-697. [PMID: 33781581 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our goal was to investigate the long-term clinical course of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) in a cohort of patients and to identify prognostic factors for refractoriness and seizure relapse after anti-seizure medications (ASMs) withdrawal. A literature review is also presented to consolidate and compare our findings with the previously reported cases. METHODS We retrospectively studied a series of patients diagnosed with JME with 15 years or more of evolution. We collected clinical, neurophysiological and neuroimaging data from patients who met defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS Study involved 61 patients (65.5% female) with mean age at study of 37.6 years, and mean age at its outset of 14.8 years. Median follow-up was 31.0 years (mean 28.9, range 15-53). They presented more frequently with a combination of myoclonic and generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) (65.6%). Sixty-five percent of patients (n = 40) had a 5-year terminal remission with a mean age at last seizure of 27.4 years. Thirty-two percent of seizure-free patients (n = 13) withdrew ASMs: 6 out of 13 had a recurrence of the seizures while 7 remained seizure-free (mean age at ASMs withdrawal 21.0 versus 35.7 years, p < 0.05). In the multivariate model, a high GTCS frequency at onset (p = 0.026) was a prognostic factor of drug resistance. CONCLUSION JME is often regarded as a benign epileptic syndrome, although a quarter of the individuals have refractory epilepsy. The possibility of withdrawing ASMs in patients who have been free of seizures over an extended time seems feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Pietrafusa
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Full Member of European Reference Network on Rare and Complex Epilepsies EpiCARE, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela La Neve
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Luca de Palma
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Full Member of European Reference Network on Rare and Complex Epilepsies EpiCARE, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Complex Structure of Neurology, SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy
| | | | - Federico Vigevano
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Full Member of European Reference Network on Rare and Complex Epilepsies EpiCARE, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Specchio
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Full Member of European Reference Network on Rare and Complex Epilepsies EpiCARE, Rome, Italy.
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Semeraro V, Valente I, Trombatore P, Ganimede MP, Briatico A, Di Stasi C, Burdi N, Boero G, Prontera MP, Gandini PR, Vidali S, Diomedi PM, Sallustio F, D'Argento F, Alexandre A, Romi A, Pedicelli A, Berardelli PA, Lozupone E. Comparison Between Three Commonly Used Large-Bore Aspiration Catheters in Terms of Successful Recanalization and First-Passage Effect. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020; 30:105566. [PMID: 33360517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare three commonly used large-bore aspiration catheters in terms of final successful recanalization rate and first-passage successful and complete recanalization rates (the so called "first-passage effect"). MATERIALS AND METHODS it is an observational retrospective multicenter study conducted in three Italian high-volume tertiary stroke centers between January 2017 and May 2019. The study population included all consecutive patients with an ischemic stroke due to middle cerebral artery occlusion (M1 segment only) that underwent intra-arterial mechanical thrombectomy with contact aspiration as first-line strategy within 24 hours from symptoms onset. RESULTS Three hundred twenty-one patients were included in the study. Multivariable logistic regression analysis comparing the three catheters revealed no differences in terms of successful recanalization. Sofia 6 Plus catheter was associated with better first-passage successful recanalization [OR, 9.09; 95% CI, 2.66-31.03] (p<0.001) and first-passage complete recanalization [OR: 3.73; 95% CI: 1.43-9.72] (p=0.007) whereas rt-PA was associated with worse first-passage recanalization [OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.29-0.93] (p=0.028). CONCLUSIONS No differences between the three catheters were reported in terms of successful recanalization. Sofia 6 Plus has proven to be superior in achieving both successful and complete first-passage recanalization. Conversely, rt-PA was found to be a negative predicting factor of first-passage effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Semeraro
- Ospedale Santissima Annunziata, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini e Radioterapia, Taranto, Italy
| | - Iacopo Valente
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, UOC Radiologia e Neuroradiologia, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Porzia Ganimede
- Ospedale Santissima Annunziata, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini e Radioterapia, Taranto, Italy
| | - Alessandra Briatico
- Ospedale Santissima Annunziata, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini e Radioterapia, Taranto, Italy
| | - Carmine Di Stasi
- Ospedale Santissima Annunziata, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini e Radioterapia, Taranto, Italy.
| | - Nicola Burdi
- Ospedale Santissima Annunziata, Neuroradiologia, Taranto, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Ospedale Santissima Annunziata, Neurologia, Taranto, Italy
| | | | - Prof Roberto Gandini
- University Hospital of Rome "Tor Vergata", Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sofia Vidali
- University Hospital of Rome "Tor Vergata", Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Rome, Italy
| | - Prof Marina Diomedi
- University Hospital of Rome "Tor Vergata", Stroke Unit, Departement of Neuroscience, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Sallustio
- University Hospital of Rome "Tor Vergata", Stroke Unit, Departement of Neuroscience, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco D'Argento
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, UOC Radiologia e Neuroradiologia, Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Alexandre
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, UOC Radiologia e Neuroradiologia, Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Romi
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pedicelli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, UOC Radiologia e Neuroradiologia, Rome, Italy.
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23
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Sallustio F, Saia V, Marrama F, Pracucci G, Gandini R, Koch G, Mascolo AP, D'Agostino F, Rocco A, Argiro' R, Nezzo M, Morosetti D, Wlderk A, Da Ros V, Diomedi M, Renieri L, Nencini P, Vallone S, Zini A, Bigliardi G, Caragliano A, Francalanza I, Bracco S, Tassi R, Bergui M, Naldi A, Saletti A, De Vito A, Gasparotti R, Magoni M, Cirillo L, Commodaro C, Biguzzi S, Castellan L, Malfatto L, Menozzi R, Grisendi I, Cosottini M, Orlandi G, Comai A, Franchini E, D'Argento F, Frisullo G, Puglielli E, Casalena A, Causin F, Baracchini C, Boghi A, Chianale G, Augelli R, Cappellari M, Chiumarulo L, Petruzzellis M, Sgreccia A, Tosi P, Cavasin N, Critelli A, Semeraro V, Boero G, Vizzari F, Cariddi LP, Di Benedetto O, Pugliese P, Iacobucci M, De Michele M, Fusaro F, Moller J, Allegretti L, Tassinari T, Nuzzi NP, Marcheselli S, Sacco S, Pavia M, Invernizzi P, Gallesio I, Ruiz L, Zedda S, Rossi R, Amistà P, Russo M, Pintus F, Sanna A, Craparo G, Mannino M, Inzitari D, Mangiafico S, Toni D. Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Intracranial Carotid Occlusion with Patent Intracranial Arteries : The Italian Registry of Endovascular Treatment in Acute Stroke. Clin Neuroradiol 2020; 31:21-29. [PMID: 33301052 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-020-00980-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intracranial carotid artery occlusion represents an underinvestigated cause of acute ischemic stroke as well as an indication for mechanical thrombectomy. We investigated baseline and procedural characteristics, outcomes and predictors of outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke secondary to intracranial carotid artery occlusion. METHODS A retrospective analysis of the Italian Registry of Endovascular Treatment in Acute Stroke was performed. Patients with intracranial carotid artery occlusion (infraclinoid and supraclinoid) with or without cervical artery occlusion but with patent intracranial arteries were included. The 3‑month functional independence, mortality, successful reperfusion and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage were evaluated. RESULTS Intracranial carotid artery occlusion with patent intracranial arteries was diagnosed in 387 out of 4940 (7.8%) patients. The median age was 74 years and median baseline National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was 18. Functional independence was achieved in 130 (34%) patients, successful reperfusion in 289 (75%) and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in 33 (9%), whereas mortality occurred in 111 (29%) patients. In univariate analysis functional independence was associated with lower age, lower NIHSS at presentation, higher rate of successful reperfusion and lower rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. Multivariable regression analysis found age (odds ratio, OR:1.03; P = 0.006), NIHSS at presentation (OR: 1.07; P < 0.001), diabetes (OR: 2.60; P = 0.002), successful reperfusion (OR:0.20; P < 0.001) and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (OR: 4.17; P < 0.001) as the best independent predictors of outcome. CONCLUSION Our study showed a not negligible rate of intracranial carotid artery occlusion with patent intracranial arteries, presenting mostly as severe stroke, with an acceptable rate of 3‑month functional independence. Age, NIHSS at presentation and successful reperfusion were the best independent predictors of outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Sallustio
- Stroke Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy. .,Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Valentina Saia
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, Santa Corona Hospital, Pietra Ligure, Italy
| | - Federico Marrama
- Stroke Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Gandini
- Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Koch
- Stroke Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Paolo Mascolo
- Stroke Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica D'Agostino
- Stroke Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rocco
- Stroke Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Argiro'
- Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Nezzo
- Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Morosetti
- Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Wlderk
- Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Da Ros
- Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Diomedi
- Stroke Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Renieri
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale Careggi-University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Patrizia Nencini
- Stroke Unit, Ospedale Careggi-University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Stefano Vallone
- Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale Civile S. Agostino-Estense University Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Zini
- IRCCS Istituto di Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Guido Bigliardi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale Civile S. Agostino-Estense University Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonio Caragliano
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Sandra Bracco
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale S. Maria delle Scotte-University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Rossana Tassi
- Stroke Unit, Ospedale S. Maria delle Scotte-University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Mauro Bergui
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza-Molinette, Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Naldi
- Stroke Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza-Molinette, Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Saletti
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Arcispedale S. Anna-University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Vito
- Neurology Division and Stroke Unit, Arcispedale S. Anna-University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | - Luigi Cirillo
- IRCCS Istituto di Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale Bellaria, Bologna University-DIMES, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Sara Biguzzi
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, AUSL Romagna Cesena, Cesena, Italy
| | - Lucio Castellan
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Menozzi
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale Universitario, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Mirco Cosottini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Orlandi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Institute, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Edoardo Puglielli
- Interventional Radiology Unit, Ospedale Civile Mazzini, Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Causin
- Neuroradiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Boghi
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Raffaele Augelli
- Neuroradiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Manuel Cappellari
- Stroke Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Luigi Chiumarulo
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, AOU Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Sgreccia
- Diagnostic Radiology and Interventional Neuroradiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Piera Tosi
- Cerebrovascular Disease and Stroke Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Mondino, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicola Cavasin
- Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale dell'Angelo, USSL3 Serenissima, Mestre, Italy
| | - Adriana Critelli
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale dell'Angelo, USSL3 Serenissima, Mestre, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Boero
- Neurology Unit, Osp. "SS. Annunziata"-ASL TA, Taranto, Italy
| | - Francesco Vizzari
- Neuroradiology Department, Ospedale di Circolo di Varese, ASST-Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Marta Iacobucci
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, University of Rome La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Federico Fusaro
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Jessica Moller
- Stroke Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luca Allegretti
- Neuroradiology Unit, Santa Corona Hospital, Pietra Ligure, Italy
| | - Tiziana Tassinari
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, Santa Corona Hospital, Pietra Ligure, Italy
| | | | | | - Simona Sacco
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of L'Aquila, Avezzano, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Marco Pavia
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Ivan Gallesio
- Neuroradiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera "SS Antonio e Biagio e C. Arrigo", Alessandria, Italy
| | - Luigi Ruiz
- Neurology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera "SS Antonio e Biagio e C. Arrigo", Alessandria, Italy
| | - Sandro Zedda
- Interventional Radiology, Ospedale San Francesco, Nuoro, Italy
| | - Rosario Rossi
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, Ospedale San Francesco, Nuoro, Italy
| | - Pietro Amistà
- Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale S. Maria Misericordia, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Monia Russo
- Stroke Unit, Ospedale S. Maria Misericordia, Rovigo, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Craparo
- Interventional Radiology, Ospedale Civico e Benfratelli, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marina Mannino
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale Civico e Benfratelli, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Mangiafico
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale Careggi-University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Danilo Toni
- Stroke Unit, University of Rome La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
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24
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Liu X, Sachan AK, Howell ST, Conde-Rubio A, Knoll AW, Boero G, Zenobi R, Brugger J. Thermomechanical Nanostraining of Two-Dimensional Materials. Nano Lett 2020; 20:8250-8257. [PMID: 33030906 PMCID: PMC7662931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Local bandgap tuning in two-dimensional (2D) materials is of significant importance for electronic and optoelectronic devices but achieving controllable and reproducible strain engineering at the nanoscale remains a challenge. Here, we report on thermomechanical nanoindentation with a scanning probe to create strain nanopatterns in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides and graphene, enabling arbitrary patterns with a modulated bandgap at a spatial resolution down to 20 nm. The 2D material is in contact via van der Waals interactions with a thin polymer layer underneath that deforms due to the heat and indentation force from the heated probe. Specifically, we demonstrate that the local bandgap of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is spatially modulated up to 10% and is tunable up to 180 meV in magnitude at a linear rate of about -70 meV per percent of strain. The technique provides a versatile tool for investigating the localized strain engineering of 2D materials with nanometer-scale resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- Microsystems
Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amit Kumar Sachan
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Tobias Howell
- Microsystems
Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ana Conde-Rubio
- Microsystems
Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Armin W. Knoll
- IBM
Research - Zurich, Säumerstrasse
4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Microsystems
Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Brugger
- Microsystems
Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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25
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Grisi M, Conley GM, Rodriguez KJ, Riva E, Egli L, Moritz W, Lichtenberg J, Brugger J, Boero G. NMR microsystem for label-free characterization of 3D nanoliter microtissues. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18306. [PMID: 33110145 PMCID: PMC7758329 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75480-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Performing chemical analysis at the nanoliter (nL) scale is of paramount importance for medicine, drug development, toxicology, and research. Despite the numerous methodologies available, a tool for obtaining chemical information non-invasively is still missing at this scale. Observer effects, sample destruction and complex preparatory procedures remain a necessary compromise. Among non-invasive spectroscopic techniques, one able to provide holistic and highly resolved chemical information in-vivo is nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). For its renowned informative power and ability to foster discoveries and life-saving applications, efficient NMR at microscopic scales is highly sought after, but so far technical limitations could not match the stringent necessities of microbiology, such as biocompatible handling, ease of use, and high throughput. Here we introduce a novel microsystem, which combines CMOS technology with 3D microfabrication, enabling nL NMR as a platform tool for non-invasive spectroscopy of organoids, 3D cell cultures, and early stage embryos. In this study we show its application to microlivers models simulating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, demonstrating detection of lipid metabolism dynamics in a time frame of 14 days based on 117 measurements of single 3D human liver microtissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Grisi
- Annaida Technologies SA, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | | | - Kyle J Rodriguez
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Erika Riva
- Service de Gastro-Entérologie et D'hépatologie, CHUV, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Jürgen Brugger
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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26
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Beaumont A, Giloteaux D, Matheoud AV, Buzio M, Boero G. Electron paramagnetic resonance magnetic field sensors for particle accelerators. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:105001. [PMID: 33138602 DOI: 10.1063/5.0004128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report on four electron paramagnetic resonance sensors for dynamic magnetic field measurements at 36 mT, 100 mT, 360 mT, and 710 mT. The sensors are based on grounded co-planar microwave resonators operating at about 1 GHz and 3 GHz, realized using printed circuit board technology, and on single-chip integrated microwave oscillators operating at about 10 GHz and 20 GHz, realized using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. The sensors are designed to mark precisely the moment when a time-dependent magnetic field attains a specific value. The trigger from the sensor can be used to preset the output of real-time magnetic field measurement systems, called "B-trains," which are in operation at several large synchrotron installations, including five of the CERN's particle accelerators. We discuss in detail the performance achieved, in particular, the magnetic field resolution that is in the range of 0.1 nT/Hz1/2-6 nT/Hz1/2. The effects of material anisotropy and temperature are also discussed. Finally, we present a detailed characterization of the sensors with field ramps as fast as 5 T/s and field gradients as strong as 12 T/m.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Beaumont
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - David Giloteaux
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - Marco Buzio
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Boero
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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27
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Liu X, Howell ST, Conde-Rubio A, Boero G, Brugger J. Thermomechanical Nanocutting of 2D Materials. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e2001232. [PMID: 32529681 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Atomically thin materials, such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides, are promising candidates for future applications in micro/nanodevices and systems. For most applications, functional nanostructures have to be patterned by lithography. Developing lithography techniques for 2D materials is essential for system integration and wafer-scale manufacturing. Here, a thermomechanical indentation technique is demonstrated, which allows for the direct cutting of 2D materials using a heated scanning nanotip. Arbitrarily shaped cuts with a resolution of 20 nm are obtained in monolayer 2D materials, i.e., molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2 ), molybdenum disulfide (MoS2 ), and molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2 ), by thermomechanically cleaving the chemical bonds and by rapid sublimation of the polymer layer underneath the 2D material layer. Several micro/nanoribbon structures are fabricated and electrically characterized to demonstrate the process for device fabrication. The proposed direct nanocutting technique allows for precisely tailoring nanostructures of 2D materials with foreseen applications in the fabrication of electronic and photonic nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Tobias Howell
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Ana Conde-Rubio
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Juergen Brugger
- Microsystems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
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28
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Abstract
![]()
Integration
of the sensitivity-relevant electronics of nuclear
magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometers
on a single chip is a promising approach to improve the limit of detection,
especially for samples in the nanoliter and subnanoliter range. Here,
we demonstrate the cointegration on a single silicon chip of the front-end
electronics of NMR and ESR detectors. The excitation/detection planar
spiral microcoils of the NMR and ESR detectors are concentric and
interrogate the same sample volume. This combination of sensors allows
one to perform dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) experiments using
a single-chip-integrated microsystem having an area of about 2 mm2. In particular, we report 1H DNP-enhanced NMR
experiments on liquid samples having a volume of about 1 nL performed
at 10.7 GHz(ESR)/16 MHz(NMR). NMR enhancements as large as 50 are
achieved on TEMPOL/H2O solutions at room temperature. The
use of state-of-the-art submicrometer integrated circuit technologies
should allow the future extension of the single-chip DNP microsystem
approach proposed here up the THz(ESR)/GHz(NMR) region, corresponding
to the strongest static magnetic fields currently available. Particularly
interesting is the possibility to create arrays of such sensors for
parallel DNP-enhanced NMR spectroscopy of nanoliter and subnanoliter
samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nergiz Sahin Solmaz
- School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Grisi
- School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro V. Matheoud
- School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Gualco
- School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Boero
- School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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29
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Grisi M, Montinaro E, Vincent F, Pethö L, Letizia MC, Volpe B, Harris N, Beck A, Guidetti R, Gijs M, Michler J, Brugger J, Boero G. CMOS and 3D Printing for NMR Spectroscopy at the Single Embryo Scale. Chimia (Aarau) 2019; 73:635. [PMID: 31431222 DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2019.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Grisi
- Institute of Microengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 17, CH-1015 Lausanne
| | - Enrica Montinaro
- Institute of Microengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 17, CH-1015 Lausanne
| | | | - Laszlo Pethö
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA), CH-3602 Thun
| | - Maria Cristina Letizia
- Institute of Microengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 17, CH-1015 Lausanne
| | - Beatrice Volpe
- Institute of Microengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 17, CH-1015 Lausanne
| | - Nicola Harris
- Institute of Microengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 17, CH-1015 Lausanne
| | | | | | - Martin Gijs
- Institute of Microengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 17, CH-1015 Lausanne
| | - Johann Michler
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA), CH-3602 Thun
| | - Jürgen Brugger
- Institute of Microengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 17, CH-1015 Lausanne
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Institute of Microengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 17, CH-1015 Lausanne;,
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Doherty CP, Rheims S, Assenza G, Boero G, Chaves J, McMurray R, Villanueva V. Eslicarbazepine acetate in epilepsy patients with psychiatric comorbidities and intellectual disability: Clinical practice findings from the Euro-Esli study. J Neurol Sci 2019; 402:88-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Beaumont A, Buzio M, Boero G. Ferrimagnetic resonance field sensors for particle accelerators. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:065005. [PMID: 31254985 DOI: 10.1063/1.5097508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report on two ferrimagnetic resonance (FMR) sensors for absolute dynamic magnetic field measurements at 36 and 100 mT. The sensors are designed to mark precisely and reproducibly the moment when a time-transient magnetic field attains a specific value. The trigger from the sensor can then be used for real-time magnetic field measurement systems, called "B-trains," which are in operation at several large synchrotron installations including five of CERN's particle accelerators. We discuss in detail the design, the operation, and the performance of the FMR sensors based on two different types of printed circuit board (PCB) resonator structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Beaumont
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - Marco Buzio
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Boero
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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32
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Grisi M, Conley GM, Sommer P, Tinembart J, Boero G. A single-chip integrated transceiver for high field NMR magnetometry. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:015001. [PMID: 30709227 DOI: 10.1063/1.5066436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present the design and performance of a broad-band single-chip integrated transceiver specifically conceived for nuclear magnetic resonance magnetometry. The single-chip transceiver is realized using a standard silicon complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor integrated circuit technology. A radio-frequency (RF) transmit amplifier, a transmit/receive switch, a low noise RF receive amplifier, a quadrature (IQ)-mixer, and two intermediate frequency amplifiers are integrated on a single silicon chip of 1.8 mm2. The advantages and problematic aspects with respect to conventional discrete electronic approaches are discussed. We show the results of magnetic field measurements performed at 1.4 and 7.05 T, using solid and liquid samples having volumes from 40 μl down to 100 pl. Particular attention is devoted to the comparison of the experimentally measured magnetic field standard deviation with respect to the Cramer-Rao lower bound value. With a sample of distilled water (T1 ≅ T2 ≅ 3 s, T2 *≅ 20 ms) having a volume of 40 μl, a standard deviation of 2.5 nT at 7.05 T (i.e., 0.5 ppb) in 1 s of averaging time is achieved, with a projected Cramer-Rao lower bond of 8 pT (i.e., 1.1 ppt).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Grisi
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Pascal Sommer
- Metrolab Technology SA, CH-1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | | | - Giovanni Boero
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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33
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Matheoud AV, Sahin N, Boero G. A single chip electron spin resonance detector based on a single high electron mobility transistor. J Magn Reson 2018; 294:59-70. [PMID: 30005194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Single-chip microwave oscillators are promising devices for inductive electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) experiments on nanoliter and subnanoliter samples. Two major problems of the previously reported designs were the large minimum microwave magnetic field (0.1-0.7 mT) and large power consumption (0.5-200 mW), severely limiting their use for the investigation of samples having long relaxation times and for operation at low temperatures. Here we report on the design and characterization of a single-chip ESR detector operating with a microwave magnetic field and a power consumption orders of magnitude lower compared with previous designs. These significant improvements are mainly due to the use of a high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) technology instead of a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The realized single-chip ESR detector, which operates at 11.2 GHz, consists of an LC Colpitts oscillator realized with a single high-electron mobility transistor and a co-integrated single turn planar coil having a diameter of 440 μm. The realized detector operates from 300 K down to 1.4 K, at least. Its minimum microwave magnetic field is 0.4 μT at 300 K and 0.06 μT at 1.4 K, whereas its power consumption is 90 μW at 300 K and 4 μW at 1.4 K, respectively. The experimental spin sensitivity on a sensitive volume of about 30 nL, as measured with a single crystal of α,γ-bisdiphenylene-β-phenylallyl (BDPA)/benzene complex, is of 8 × 1010 spins/Hz1/2 at 300 K and 2 × 109 spins/Hz1/2 at 10 K, respectively. In a volume of about 100 pL, located in proximity to the coil wire, the spin sensitivity improves by two orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nergiz Sahin
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland.
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34
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Montinaro E, Grisi M, Letizia MC, Pethö L, Gijs MAM, Guidetti R, Michler J, Brugger J, Boero G. 3D printed microchannels for sub-nL NMR spectroscopy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192780. [PMID: 29742104 PMCID: PMC5942786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments on subnanoliter (sub-nL) volumes are hindered by the limited sensitivity of the detector and the difficulties in positioning and holding such small samples in proximity of the detector. In this work, we report on NMR experiments on liquid and biological entities immersed in liquids having volumes down to 100 pL. These measurements are enabled by the fabrication of high spatial resolution 3D printed microfluidic structures, specifically conceived to guide and confine sub-nL samples in the sub-nL most sensitive volume of a single-chip integrated NMR probe. The microfluidic structures are fabricated using a two-photon polymerization 3D printing technique having a resolution better than 1 μm3. The high spatial resolution 3D printing approach adopted here allows to rapidly fabricate complex microfluidic structures tailored to position, hold, and feed biological samples, with a design that maximizes the NMR signals amplitude and minimizes the static magnetic field inhomogeneities. The layer separating the sample from the microcoil, crucial to exploit the volume of maximum sensitivity of the detector, has a thickness of 10 μm. To demonstrate the potential of this approach, we report NMR experiments on sub-nL intact biological entities in liquid media, specifically ova of the tardigrade Richtersius coronifer and sections of Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes. We show a sensitivity of 2.5x1013 spins/Hz1/2 on 1H nuclei at 7 T, sufficient to detect 6 pmol of 1H nuclei of endogenous compounds in active volumes down to 100 pL and in a measurement time of 3 hours. Spectral resolutions of 0.01 ppm in liquid samples and of 0.1 ppm in the investigated biological entities are also demonstrated. The obtained results may indicate a route for NMR studies at the single unit level of important biological entities having sub-nL volumes, such as living microscopic organisms and eggs of several mammalians, humans included.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Montinaro
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratory for Microsystems, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M. Grisi
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratory for Microsystems, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M. C. Letizia
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratory for Microsystems, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L. Pethö
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA), Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Thun, Switzerland
| | - M. A. M. Gijs
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratory for Microsystems, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R. Guidetti
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Life Sciences, Modena, Italy
| | - J. Michler
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA), Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Thun, Switzerland
| | - J. Brugger
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratory for Microsystems, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G. Boero
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratory for Microsystems, Lausanne, Switzerland
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35
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Biggio F, Talani G, Locci V, Pisu M, Boero G, Ciarlo B, Grayson D, Serra M. Low doses of prenatal ethanol exposure and maternal separation alter HPA axis function and ethanol consumption in adult male rats. Neuropharmacology 2018; 131:271-281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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36
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Matheoud AV, Gualco G, Jeong M, Zivkovic I, Brugger J, Rønnow HM, Anders J, Boero G. Single-chip electron spin resonance detectors operating at 50GHz, 92GHz, and 146GHz. J Magn Reson 2017; 278:113-121. [PMID: 28388496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report on the design and characterization of single-chip electron spin resonance (ESR) detectors operating at 50GHz, 92GHz, and 146GHz. The core of the single-chip ESR detectors is an integrated LC-oscillator, formed by a single turn aluminum planar coil, a metal-oxide-metal capacitor, and two metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistors used as negative resistance network. On the same chip, a second, nominally identical, LC-oscillator together with a mixer and an output buffer are also integrated. Thanks to the slightly asymmetric capacitance of the mixer inputs, a signal at a few hundreds of MHz is obtained at the output of the mixer. The mixer is used for frequency down-conversion, with the aim to obtain an output signal at a frequency easily manageable off-chip. The coil diameters are 120μm, 70μm, and 45μm for the U-band, W-band, and the D-band oscillators, respectively. The experimental frequency noises at 100kHz offset from the carrier are 90Hz/Hz1/2, 300Hz/Hz1/2, and 700Hz/Hz1/2 at 300K, respectively. The ESR spectra are obtained by measuring the frequency variations of the single-chip oscillators as a function of the applied magnetic field. The experimental spin sensitivities, as measured with a sample of α,γ-bisdiphenylene-β-phenylallyl (BDPA)/benzene complex, are 1×108spins/Hz1/2, 4×107spins/Hz1/2, 2×107spins/Hz1/2 at 300K, respectively. We also show the possibility to perform experiments up to 360GHz by means of the higher harmonics in the microwave field produced by the integrated single-chip LC-oscillators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriele Gualco
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Minki Jeong
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Ivica Zivkovic
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Brugger
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Henrik M Rønnow
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | | | - Giovanni Boero
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland.
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Grisi M, Vincent F, Volpe B, Guidetti R, Harris N, Beck A, Boero G. NMR spectroscopy of single sub-nL ova with inductive ultra-compact single-chip probes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44670. [PMID: 28317887 PMCID: PMC5357791 DOI: 10.1038/srep44670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy enables non-invasive chemical studies of intact living matter. However, the use of NMR at the volume scale typical of microorganisms is hindered by sensitivity limitations, and experiments on single intact organisms have so far been limited to entities having volumes larger than 5 nL. Here we show NMR spectroscopy experiments conducted on single intact ova of 0.1 and 0.5 nL (i.e. 10 to 50 times smaller than previously achieved), thereby reaching the relevant volume scale where life development begins for a broad variety of organisms, humans included. Performing experiments with inductive ultra-compact (1 mm2) single-chip NMR probes, consisting of a low noise transceiver and a multilayer 150 μm planar microcoil, we demonstrate that the achieved limit of detection (about 5 pmol of 1H nuclei) is sufficient to detect endogenous compounds. Our findings suggest that single-chip probes are promising candidates to enable NMR-based study and selection of microscopic entities at biologically relevant volume scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Grisi
- Microengineering Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Franck Vincent
- Bruker BioSpin AG, Industriestrasse 26, Fällanden, 8116, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Volpe
- Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Guidetti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Nicola Harris
- Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Armin Beck
- Bruker BioSpin AG, Industriestrasse 26, Fällanden, 8116, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Microengineering Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
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Chavarria MA, Matheoud AV, Marmillod P, Liu Y, Kong D, Brugger J, Boero G. High sensitivity field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometer. Rev Sci Instrum 2017; 88:035115. [PMID: 28372433 DOI: 10.1063/1.4978960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A high sensitivity field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometer (FAIMS) was designed, fabricated, and tested. The main components of the system are a 10.6 eV UV photoionization source, an ion filter driven by a high voltage/high frequency n-MOS inverter circuit, and a low noise ion detector. The ion filter electronics are capable to generate square waveforms with peak-to-peak voltages up to 1000 V at frequencies up to 1 MHz with adjustable duty cycles. The ion detector current amplifier has a gain up to 1012 V/A with an effective equivalent input noise level down to about 1 fA/Hz1/2 during operation with the ion filter at the maximum voltage and frequency. The FAIMS system was characterized by detecting different standard chemical compounds. Additionally, we investigated the use of a synchronous modulation/demodulation technique to improve the signal-to-noise ratio in FAIMS measurements. In particular, we implemented the modulation of the compensation voltage with the synchronous demodulation of the ion current. The analysis of the measurements at low concentration levels led to an extrapolated limit of detection for acetone of 10 ppt with an averaging time of 1 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Chavarria
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Youjiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Hefei Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Deyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Hefei Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jürgen Brugger
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
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La Neve A, Boero G, Francavilla T, Striano P. Switching to eslicarbazepine acetate in patients with epilepsy: a field-practice observation. Future Neurology 2017. [DOI: 10.2217/fnl-2016-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim: To provide field-practice information on the safety and efficacy of eslicarbazepine. Patients & methods: Patients who switched from carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine to eslicarbazepine were consecutively and retrospectively identified in two Italian reference centers for the treatment of epilepsy. Results: Eighteen patients with a mean age of 39 ± 16 years were recruited. Mean monthly seizure frequency was 18 ± 22 (range: 2–59) before switching to eslicarbazepine, and decreased to 11 ± 18 (0–56) after switching (p = 0.03). The monthly number of seizures decreased in 16/18 patients (89%) and it remained unchanged in one. Six patients became seizure-free after switching, five of whom had underwent overnight switch. The mean score of the adverse event profile questionnaire before switching was 42.5 ± 9.5 and it decreased to 35.0 ± 6.4 with eslicarbazepine therapy; 8/11 patients (73%) reported improved scores. Conclusion: Although the limited number of patients should be taken into account, switching to eslicarbazepine allowed a reduction of monthly number of seizures in about 55% of patients. Furthermore, eslicarbazepine showed a good safety profile with a potential lower impact on quality of life of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela La Neve
- Clinic of Nervous System Diseases “Amaducci”, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Complex Structure of Neurology, “SS Annunziata” Hospital, Taranto, Italy
| | - Teresa Francavilla
- Clinic of Nervous System Diseases “Amaducci”, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Pediatric Neurology & Muscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal & Child Health, University of Genoa, “G Gaslini” Institute, Genova, Italy
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40
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Anders J, Handwerker J, Ortmanns M, Boero G. A low-power high-sensitivity single-chip receiver for NMR microscopy. J Magn Reson 2016; 266:41-50. [PMID: 27011023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a fully-integrated receiver for NMR microscopy applications manufactured in a 0.13μm CMOS technology. The design co-integrates a 10-turn planar detection coil together with a complete quadrature, low-IF downconversion receiver on a single chip, which operates from a single 1.5V supply with a total power dissipation of 18mW. The detector's measured time-domain spin sensitivity is 3×10(13)(1)Hspins/Hz at 7T. Additionally, the paper discusses two important aspects of NMR microscopy using planar detection coils: the link between the detection coil's spin sensitivity and the achievable image SNR and the correction of image artifacts induced by the inhomogeneous sensitivity profile of planar detection coils. More specifically, we derive analytical expressions for both the theoretical image SNR as a function of the coil's spin sensitivity and the sensitivity correction for a known coil sensitivity profile in CTI MR imaging experiments. Both expressions are validated using measured data in the imaging section of the paper. Thanks to the improved spin sensitivity of the utilized integrated receiver chip compared to a previously presented design, we were able to obtain sensitivity corrected images in a 7T spectroscopy magnet with isotropic resolutions of 9.6μm and 5μm with single-shot SNRs of 37 and 15 in relatively short imaging times of 4.4h and 24h, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Anders
- University of Ulm, Institute of Microelectronics, Albert-Einstein-Allee 43, D-89081 Ulm, Germany; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institute of Microengineering, Station 17, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Jonas Handwerker
- University of Ulm, Institute of Microelectronics, Albert-Einstein-Allee 43, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Maurits Ortmanns
- University of Ulm, Institute of Microelectronics, Albert-Einstein-Allee 43, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institute of Microengineering, Station 17, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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41
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Pisu MG, Garau A, Boero G, Biggio F, Pibiri V, Dore R, Locci V, Paci E, Porcu P, Serra M. Sex differences in the outcome of juvenile social isolation on HPA axis function in rats. Neuroscience 2016; 320:172-82. [PMID: 26868968 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Women are more likely than men to suffer from anxiety disorders and major depression. These disorders share hyperresponsiveness to stress as an etiological factor. Thus, sex differences in brain arousal systems and their regulation by chronic stress may account for the increased vulnerability to these disorders in women. Social isolation is a model of early life stress that results in neurobiological alterations leading to increased anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors. Here we investigated the sex difference in the effects of post-weaning social isolation on acute stress sensitivity and behavior in rats. In both sexes, social isolation at weaning reduced basal levels of the neuroactive steroid allopregnanolone in the brain and of corticosterone in plasma. Moreover, acute stress increased plasma corticosterone levels in both group-housed and socially isolated male and female rats; however this effect was greater in male than female rats subjected to social isolation. Intriguingly, group-housed female rats showed no change in plasma and brain levels of allopregnanolone after acute foot-shock stress. The absence of stress-induced effects on allopregnanolone synthesis might be due to the physiologically higher levels of this hormone in females vs. males. Accordingly, increasing allopregnanolone levels in male rats blunted the response to foot-shock stress in these animals. Socially isolated male, but not female, rats also display depressive-like behavior and increased hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The ovarian steroids could "buffer" the effect of this adverse experience in females on these parameters. Finally, the dexamethasone (DEX) suppression test indicated that the chronic stress associated with social isolation impairs feedback inhibition in both sexes in which an increase in the abundance of glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) in the hippocampus was found. Altogether, these results demonstrate that social isolation affects neuroendocrine reactivity to stress, plasticity and emotionality in a sexually dimorphic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Pisu
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Cagliari, Italy
| | - A Garau
- Department of Life and Environment Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - G Boero
- Department of Life and Environment Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - F Biggio
- Department of Life and Environment Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - V Pibiri
- Department of Life and Environment Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - R Dore
- Department of Life and Environment Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - V Locci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - E Paci
- Department of Life and Environment Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - P Porcu
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Cagliari, Italy
| | - M Serra
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Cagliari, Italy; Department of Life and Environment Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy; Center of Excellence for the Neurobiology of Dependence, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
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42
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Pippucci T, Licchetta L, Baldassari S, Palombo F, Menghi V, D'Aurizio R, Leta C, Stipa C, Boero G, d'Orsi G, Magi A, Scheffer I, Seri M, Tinuper P, Bisulli F. Epilepsy with auditory features: A heterogeneous clinico-molecular disease. Neurol Genet 2015; 1:e5. [PMID: 27066544 PMCID: PMC4821078 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To identify novel genes implicated in epilepsy with auditory features (EAF) in phenotypically heterogeneous families with unknown molecular basis. Methods: We identified 15 probands with EAF in whom an LGI1 mutation had been excluded. We performed electroclinical phenotyping on all probands and available affected relatives. We used whole-exome sequencing (WES) in 20 individuals with EAF (including all the probands and 5 relatives) to identify single nucleotide variants, small insertions/deletions, and copy number variants. Results: WES revealed likely pathogenic variants in genes that had not been previously associated with EAF: a CNTNAP2 intragenic deletion, 2 truncating mutations of DEPDC5, and a missense SCN1A change. Conclusions: EAF is a clinically and molecularly heterogeneous disease. The association of EAF with CNTNAP2, DEPDC5, and SCN1A mutations widens the phenotypic spectrum related to these genes. CNTNAP2 encodes CASPR2, a member of the voltage-gated potassium channel complex in which LGI1 plays a role. The finding of a CNTNAP2 deletion emphasizes the importance of this complex in EAF and shows biological convergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Pippucci
- U.O. Medical Genetics (T.P., M.S.), Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (S.B., F.P., M.S.) and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM) (R.D'.A.), Institute of Informatics and Telematics and Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; S.C. of Neurology (G.B.), SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy; Epilepsy Centre (G.d'.O.), Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, University of Foggia, Riuniti Hospital, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and Florey Institute (I.S.), University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Laura Licchetta
- U.O. Medical Genetics (T.P., M.S.), Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (S.B., F.P., M.S.) and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM) (R.D'.A.), Institute of Informatics and Telematics and Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; S.C. of Neurology (G.B.), SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy; Epilepsy Centre (G.d'.O.), Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, University of Foggia, Riuniti Hospital, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and Florey Institute (I.S.), University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sara Baldassari
- U.O. Medical Genetics (T.P., M.S.), Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (S.B., F.P., M.S.) and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM) (R.D'.A.), Institute of Informatics and Telematics and Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; S.C. of Neurology (G.B.), SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy; Epilepsy Centre (G.d'.O.), Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, University of Foggia, Riuniti Hospital, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and Florey Institute (I.S.), University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Flavia Palombo
- U.O. Medical Genetics (T.P., M.S.), Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (S.B., F.P., M.S.) and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM) (R.D'.A.), Institute of Informatics and Telematics and Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; S.C. of Neurology (G.B.), SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy; Epilepsy Centre (G.d'.O.), Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, University of Foggia, Riuniti Hospital, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and Florey Institute (I.S.), University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Veronica Menghi
- U.O. Medical Genetics (T.P., M.S.), Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (S.B., F.P., M.S.) and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM) (R.D'.A.), Institute of Informatics and Telematics and Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; S.C. of Neurology (G.B.), SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy; Epilepsy Centre (G.d'.O.), Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, University of Foggia, Riuniti Hospital, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and Florey Institute (I.S.), University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Romina D'Aurizio
- U.O. Medical Genetics (T.P., M.S.), Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (S.B., F.P., M.S.) and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM) (R.D'.A.), Institute of Informatics and Telematics and Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; S.C. of Neurology (G.B.), SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy; Epilepsy Centre (G.d'.O.), Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, University of Foggia, Riuniti Hospital, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and Florey Institute (I.S.), University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chiara Leta
- U.O. Medical Genetics (T.P., M.S.), Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (S.B., F.P., M.S.) and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM) (R.D'.A.), Institute of Informatics and Telematics and Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; S.C. of Neurology (G.B.), SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy; Epilepsy Centre (G.d'.O.), Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, University of Foggia, Riuniti Hospital, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and Florey Institute (I.S.), University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Carlotta Stipa
- U.O. Medical Genetics (T.P., M.S.), Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (S.B., F.P., M.S.) and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM) (R.D'.A.), Institute of Informatics and Telematics and Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; S.C. of Neurology (G.B.), SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy; Epilepsy Centre (G.d'.O.), Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, University of Foggia, Riuniti Hospital, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and Florey Institute (I.S.), University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Giovanni Boero
- U.O. Medical Genetics (T.P., M.S.), Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (S.B., F.P., M.S.) and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM) (R.D'.A.), Institute of Informatics and Telematics and Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; S.C. of Neurology (G.B.), SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy; Epilepsy Centre (G.d'.O.), Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, University of Foggia, Riuniti Hospital, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and Florey Institute (I.S.), University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Giuseppe d'Orsi
- U.O. Medical Genetics (T.P., M.S.), Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (S.B., F.P., M.S.) and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM) (R.D'.A.), Institute of Informatics and Telematics and Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; S.C. of Neurology (G.B.), SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy; Epilepsy Centre (G.d'.O.), Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, University of Foggia, Riuniti Hospital, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and Florey Institute (I.S.), University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alberto Magi
- U.O. Medical Genetics (T.P., M.S.), Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (S.B., F.P., M.S.) and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM) (R.D'.A.), Institute of Informatics and Telematics and Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; S.C. of Neurology (G.B.), SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy; Epilepsy Centre (G.d'.O.), Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, University of Foggia, Riuniti Hospital, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and Florey Institute (I.S.), University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ingrid Scheffer
- U.O. Medical Genetics (T.P., M.S.), Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (S.B., F.P., M.S.) and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM) (R.D'.A.), Institute of Informatics and Telematics and Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; S.C. of Neurology (G.B.), SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy; Epilepsy Centre (G.d'.O.), Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, University of Foggia, Riuniti Hospital, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and Florey Institute (I.S.), University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marco Seri
- U.O. Medical Genetics (T.P., M.S.), Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (S.B., F.P., M.S.) and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM) (R.D'.A.), Institute of Informatics and Telematics and Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; S.C. of Neurology (G.B.), SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy; Epilepsy Centre (G.d'.O.), Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, University of Foggia, Riuniti Hospital, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and Florey Institute (I.S.), University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paolo Tinuper
- U.O. Medical Genetics (T.P., M.S.), Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (S.B., F.P., M.S.) and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM) (R.D'.A.), Institute of Informatics and Telematics and Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; S.C. of Neurology (G.B.), SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy; Epilepsy Centre (G.d'.O.), Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, University of Foggia, Riuniti Hospital, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and Florey Institute (I.S.), University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Francesca Bisulli
- U.O. Medical Genetics (T.P., M.S.), Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (S.B., F.P., M.S.) and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (L.L., V.M., C.L., C.S., P.T., F.B.), Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM) (R.D'.A.), Institute of Informatics and Telematics and Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; S.C. of Neurology (G.B.), SS. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy; Epilepsy Centre (G.d'.O.), Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, University of Foggia, Riuniti Hospital, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and Florey Institute (I.S.), University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Abstract
In this article, we present an integrated broadband complementary metal-oxide semiconductor single-chip transceiver suitable for the realization of multi-nuclear pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probes. The realized single-chip transceiver can be interfaced with on-chip integrated microcoils or external LC resonators operating in the range from 1 MHz to 1 GHz. The dimension of the chip is about 1 mm(2). It consists of a radio-frequency (RF) power amplifier, a low-noise RF preamplifier, a frequency mixer, an audio-frequency amplifier, and fully integrated transmit-receive switches. As specific example, we show its use for multi-nuclear NMR spectroscopy. With an integrated coil of about 150 μm external diameter, a (1)H spin sensitivity of about 1.5 × 10(13) spins/Hz(1/2) is achieved at 7 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Grisi
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Gualco
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
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44
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Gualco G, Anders J, Sienkiewicz A, Alberti S, Forró L, Boero G. Cryogenic single-chip electron spin resonance detector. J Magn Reson 2014; 247:96-103. [PMID: 25261743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report on the design and characterization of a single-chip electron spin resonance detector, operating at a frequency of about 20 GHz and in a temperature range extending at least from 300 K down to 4 K. The detector consists of an LC oscillator formed by a 200 μm diameter single turn aluminum planar coil, a metal-oxide-metal capacitor, and two metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors used as negative resistance network. At 300 K, the oscillator has a frequency noise of 20 Hz/Hz(1/2) at 100 kHz offset from the 20 GHz carrier. At 4 K, the frequency noise is about 1 Hz/Hz(1/2) at 10 kHz offset. The spin sensitivity measured with a sample of DPPH is 10(8)spins/Hz(1/2) at 300 K and down to 10(6)spins/Hz(1/2) at 4 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Gualco
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jens Anders
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrzej Sienkiewicz
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Alberti
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - László Forró
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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45
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La Neve A, Boero G, Francavilla T, Plantamura M, De Agazio G, Specchio LM. Prospective, case-control study on the effect of pregnancy on seizure frequency in women with epilepsy. Neurol Sci 2014; 36:79-83. [PMID: 25070383 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-014-1908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate if pregnancy induces a change in seizure frequency and in percentage of subjects remaining seizure-free. This is a prospective case-control study conducted in our tertiary epilepsy centre. Controls were matched 2:1 with the cases for relevant clinical parameters. Cases had to be referred to our centre for at least 9 months before-pregnancy, during pregnancy and the-9-months-after-birth. Controls were followed for the correspondent periods of time: named respectively control period 1-2-3. Seizure frequency was defined as "improved" if there was a 50 % of reduction, "worsened" if there was a 50 % of increase, and "unchanged" in the rest of cases. We recruited 36 cases and 72 controls [in both group mean age was 28 years, partial epilepsy (80.6 %), generalized epilepsy (19.4 %)]; 30 cases and 60 controls were seizure-free before pregnancy and in period 1, respectively. During pregnancy 72 % of cases remained "unchanged" while 8 and 19 % respectively "improved" and "worsened"; moreover, there was no statistical difference in the number of seizure-free patients and in the monthly seizure frequencies. No differences were found in controls. In this prospective case-control study, pregnancy does not affect seizure frequency in women with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela La Neve
- Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, Centre for Epilepsy, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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46
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Biggio F, Pisu MG, Garau A, Boero G, Locci V, Mostallino MC, Olla P, Utzeri C, Serra M. Maternal separation attenuates the effect of adolescent social isolation on HPA axis responsiveness in adult rats. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2014; 24:1152-61. [PMID: 24745548 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adverse early life experiences that occur during childhood and adolescence can have negative impacts on behavior later in life. The main goal of our work was to assess how the association between stressful experiences during neonatal and adolescent periods may influence stress responsiveness and brain plasticity in adult rats. Stressful experiences included maternal separation and social isolation at weaning. Three hours of separation from the pups (3-14 PND) significantly increased frequencies of maternal arched-back nursing and licking-grooming across the first two weeks postpartum. Separation also induced a long-lasting increase in dams blood levels of corticosterone. Maternal separation did not modify brain and plasma allopregnanolone and corticosterone levels in adult offspring, but they demonstrate partial recovery from the reduction induced by social isolation during adolescence. Moreover, the enhancement of corticosterone and allopregnanolone levels induced by foot shock stress in socially isolated animals that were subjected to maternal separation was markedly reduced with respect to that observed in animals that were just socially isolated. All experimental groups showed a significant reduction of BDNF and Arc protein expression in the hippocampus. However, the reduction of BDNF observed in animals that were maternally separated and subjected to social isolation was less significantly pronounced than in animals that were just socially isolated. The results sustained the mismatch hypothesis stating that aversive experiences early in life trigger adaptive processes, thereby rendering an individual to be better adapted to aversive challenges later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Biggio
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 09100, Italy
| | - M G Pisu
- C.N.R., Institute of Neuroscience, Cagliari 09100, Italy
| | - A Garau
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 09100, Italy
| | - G Boero
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 09100, Italy
| | - V Locci
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 09100, Italy
| | - M C Mostallino
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 09100, Italy; C.N.R., Institute of Neuroscience, Cagliari 09100, Italy
| | - P Olla
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 09100, Italy
| | - C Utzeri
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 09100, Italy
| | - M Serra
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 09100, Italy; Center of Excellence for Neurobiology of Dependence, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 09100, Italy.
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47
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Marelli M, Gadhari N, Boero G, Chiquet M, Brugger J. Cell force measurements in 3D microfabricated environments based on compliant cantilevers. Lab Chip 2014; 14:286-293. [PMID: 24217771 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc51021b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the fabrication, functionalization and testing of microdevices for cell culture and cell traction force measurements in three-dimensions (3D). The devices are composed of bent cantilevers patterned with cell-adhesive spots not lying on the same plane, and thus suspending cells in 3D. The cantilevers are soft enough to undergo micrometric deflections when cells pull on them, allowing cell forces to be measured by means of optical microscopy. Since individual cantilevers are mechanically independent of each other, cell traction forces are determined directly from cantilever deflections. This proves the potential of these new devices as a tool for the quantification of cell mechanics in a system with well-defined 3D geometry and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Marelli
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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48
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Boero G, Gualco G, Lisowski R, Anders J, Suter D, Brugger J. Room temperature strong coupling between a microwave oscillator and an ensemble of electron spins. J Magn Reson 2013; 231:133-140. [PMID: 23644353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally the possibility to achieve the strong coupling regime at room temperature with a microwave electronic oscillator coupled with an ensemble of electron spins. The coupled system shows bistable behaviour, with a broad hysteresis and sharp transitions. The coupling strength and the hysteresis width can be adjusted through the number of spins in the ensemble, the temperature, and the microwave field strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Boero
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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d'Orsi G, Pacillo F, Trivisano M, Pascarella MG, Luisi C, Di Claudio MT, Boero G, Grilli G, Modoni S, Specchio LM. Fear as nonconvulsive status epilepticus of frontal origin: EEG-SPECT correlation. Epilepsy Behav 2012; 24:288-9. [PMID: 22554979 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Anders J, Angerhofer A, Boero G. K-band single-chip electron spin resonance detector. J Magn Reson 2012; 217:19-26. [PMID: 22405529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Revised: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report on the design, fabrication, and characterization of an integrated detector for electron spin resonance spectroscopy operating at 27 GHz. The microsystem, consisting of an LC-oscillator and a frequency division module, is integrated onto a single silicon chip using a conventional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. The achieved room temperature spin sensitivity is about 10(8)spins/G Hz(1/2), with a sensitive volume of about (100 μm)(3). Operation at 77K is also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Anders
- Ecole Polytechninque Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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