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Buonaiuto G, Visentin G, Costa A, Niero G, Degano L, Cavallini D, Mammi LME, Palmonari A, Formigoni A, Lopez-Villalobos N. The effect of first-lactation calving season, milk production, and morphology on the survival of Simmental cows. Animal 2024; 18:101128. [PMID: 38574454 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2024.101128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Longevity in dairy and dual-purpose cattle is a complex trait which depends on many individual and managerial factors. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the survival (SURV) rate of Italian Simmental dual-purpose cows across different parities. Data of this study referred to 2 173 primiparous cows under official milk recording that calved between 2002 and 2020. Only cows linearly classified for type traits, including muscularity (MU) and body condition score (BCS) were kept. Survival analysis was carried out, through the Cox regression model, for different pairwise combinations of classes of milk productivity MU, BCS, and calving season. Herd-year of first calving was also considered in the model. SURV (0 = culled; 1 = survived) at each lactation up to the 6th were the dependent variables, so that, for example, SURV2 equal to 1 was attributed to cows that entered the 2nd lactation. Survival rates were 98, 71, 63, 56, and 53% for 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th lactation, respectively. Results revealed that SURV2 was not dependent on milk yield, while in subsequent parities, low-producing cows were characterized by higher SURV compared to high-producing ones. Additionally, cows starting the lactation in autumn survived less (47.38%) than those starting in spring (53.49%), suggesting that facing the late gestation phase in summer could increase the culling risk. The present study indicates that SURV in Italian Simmental cows is influenced by various factors in addition to milk productivity. However, it is important to consider that in this study all first-calving cows culled before the linear evaluation - carried out between mid- and late lactation in this breed - were not accounted for. Finding can be transferred to other dual-purpose breeds, where the cows' body conformation and muscle development - i.e. meat-related features - are often considered as important as milk performance by farmers undertaking culling decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Buonaiuto
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - G Visentin
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - A Costa
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy.
| | - G Niero
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - L Degano
- National Association of Italian Simmental Cattle Breeders (ANAPRI), Via Ippolito Nievo, 19, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - D Cavallini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - L M E Mammi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - A Palmonari
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - A Formigoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - N Lopez-Villalobos
- School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
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Muca E, Buonaiuto G, Lamanna M, Silvestrelli S, Ghiaccio F, Federiconi A, De Matos Vettori J, Colleluori R, Fusaro I, Raspa F, Valle E, Formigoni A, Cavallini D. Reaching a Wider Audience: Instagram's Role in Dairy Cow Nutrition Education and Engagement. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3503. [PMID: 38003121 PMCID: PMC10668764 DOI: 10.3390/ani13223503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The paper presents an overview of the usage of Instagram as a social media platform for teaching and engagement in the field of dairy cow nutrition and management. Our Instagram content, which includes posts, stories, hashtags, reels, and live videos, aims to educate and engage our followers and covers a wide range of topics, including research updates, student activities, and information on dairy cow health and welfare. This approach to education allows us to reach a larger audience while also providing a forum for interaction and discussion on essential dairy cow nutrition concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edlira Muca
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (F.R.); (E.V.)
| | - Giovanni Buonaiuto
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (G.B.); (M.L.); (S.S.); (F.G.); (A.F.); (R.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Martina Lamanna
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (G.B.); (M.L.); (S.S.); (F.G.); (A.F.); (R.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Simone Silvestrelli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (G.B.); (M.L.); (S.S.); (F.G.); (A.F.); (R.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Francesca Ghiaccio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (G.B.); (M.L.); (S.S.); (F.G.); (A.F.); (R.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Alessia Federiconi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (G.B.); (M.L.); (S.S.); (F.G.); (A.F.); (R.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Julio De Matos Vettori
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (J.D.M.V.); (I.F.)
| | - Riccardo Colleluori
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (G.B.); (M.L.); (S.S.); (F.G.); (A.F.); (R.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Isa Fusaro
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (J.D.M.V.); (I.F.)
| | - Federica Raspa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (F.R.); (E.V.)
| | - Emanuela Valle
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (F.R.); (E.V.)
| | - Andrea Formigoni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (G.B.); (M.L.); (S.S.); (F.G.); (A.F.); (R.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Damiano Cavallini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (G.B.); (M.L.); (S.S.); (F.G.); (A.F.); (R.C.); (A.F.)
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3
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Nannoni E, Martelli G, Scozzoli M, Belperio S, Buonaiuto G, Vannetti NI, Truzzi E, Rossi E, Benvenuti S, Sardi L. Effects of Lavender Essential Oil Inhalation on the Welfare and Meat Quality of Fattening Heavy Pigs Intended for Parma Ham Production. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2967. [PMID: 37760366 PMCID: PMC10525193 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the effects of inhalation administration of lavender essential oil (LEO) either once (L1) or twice (L2) a day on animal welfare indicators, carcass and meat quality of Italian heavy pigs. Pigs (n = 108) were allotted to three experimental groups (control -C-, L1 and L2) and lavender was administered, via a vaporizer device, to the treated groups during the entire fattening-finishing period (79-160 kg BW). Tail lesion severity was reduced in L1 at the end of the trial compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Body lesion counts, however, were higher in L2 than in C (p < 0.05), resulting in a more severe overall damage classification (p < 0.01). At slaughter, no differences were observed in carcass traits or blood stress indicators, only minor differences were observed in meat quality, and no LEO residual was found in fat or lean tissues, highlighting the preserved suitability of thighs for the dry curing process. While it was not possible to conclude on the ability to improve animal welfare of vaporized LEO in this production phase, the absence of adverse effects on meat quality and the discrepancies observed regarding the body lesions in L1 and L2 make further studies on behavioral aspects and the method of administration (route, frequency) of the product desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Nannoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (E.N.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (N.I.V.); (L.S.)
| | - Giovanna Martelli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (E.N.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (N.I.V.); (L.S.)
| | - Maurizio Scozzoli
- Italian Society for Research on Essential Oils (Società Italiana per la Ricerca sugli Oli Essenziali—SIROE), Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Simona Belperio
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (E.N.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (N.I.V.); (L.S.)
| | - Giovanni Buonaiuto
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (E.N.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (N.I.V.); (L.S.)
| | - Niccolò Ian Vannetti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (E.N.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (N.I.V.); (L.S.)
| | - Eleonora Truzzi
- Department of Life Sciences, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (E.T.); (E.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Enrico Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (E.T.); (E.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Stefania Benvenuti
- Department of Life Sciences, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (E.T.); (E.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Luca Sardi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (E.N.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (N.I.V.); (L.S.)
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Cavallini D, Raspa F, Marliani G, Nannoni E, Martelli G, Sardi L, Valle E, Pollesel M, Tassinari M, Buonaiuto G. Growth Performance and Feed Intake Assessment of Italian Holstein Calves Fed a Hay-Based Total Mixed Ration: Preliminary Steps towards a Prediction Model. Vet Sci 2023; 10:554. [PMID: 37756076 PMCID: PMC10536390 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10090554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a complete hay-based total mixed ration (TMR) for calves, focusing on their feed intake, animal growth performance, and fecal output, and to develop a preliminary estimation equation for solid feed intake and body weight in Holstein heifer calves. Twenty female Italian Holstein calves (37.14 ± 2.72 kg) born between February and July were studied from the day of birth until 77 days of age. From the fourth day of life, they were fed 3 L/day of pasteurized milk twice daily and supplemented with the same hay-based TMR. The data on feed intake, fecal characteristics, and growth performances were collected and showed that these calves had adequate parameters. Moreover, the data collected was used to create equations to predict body weight and solid feed intake using a mixed model. The goodness of fit of the developed equations was evaluated by coefficients of determinations (R2). The equation obtained shows high R2 (0.98 for solid feed intake and 0.99 for calf weight), indicating the satisfactory precision and accuracy needed to predict female calves' body weight and solid feed intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Cavallini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (M.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Federica Raspa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (F.R.); (E.V.)
| | - Giovanna Marliani
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (M.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Eleonora Nannoni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (M.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Giovanna Martelli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (M.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Luca Sardi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (M.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Emanuela Valle
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (F.R.); (E.V.)
| | - Marta Pollesel
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (M.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Marco Tassinari
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (M.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Giovanni Buonaiuto
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (M.T.); (G.B.)
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Buonaiuto G, Lopez-Villalobos N, Costa A, Niero G, Degano L, Mammi LME, Cavallini D, Palmonari A, Formigoni A, Visentin G. Stayability in Simmental cattle as affected by muscularity and body condition score between calvings. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1141286. [PMID: 37065221 PMCID: PMC10094164 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1141286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the association between stayability (STAY) traits, muscularity, and body condition score (BCS) in the Italian Simmental dual-purpose cows. Data were collected from 2,656 cows linearly scored in their first lactation from 2002 to 2020 and reared in 324 herds. The binary trait STAY, which is the ability of a cow to stay in the herd, was obtained for each cow-lactation available up to parity 5 (from STAY1-2 to STAY4-5). Analysis of STAY was carried out using logistic regression, considering the fixed effect of energy corrected milk, conception rate, somatic cell score, and muscularity or BCS predicted at different time points. The herd of linear classification and residual error were the random effects. Primiparous cows with a medium BCS and muscularity in early lactation presented a more favorable STAY across life compared to thinner ones (P < 0.05). In fact, cows with an intermediate BCS/muscularity were more likely to stay in the herd after the third lactation (STAY3-4), compared to those presenting a lower BCS/muscularity (P < 0.01). However, cows whose muscularity was high were generally less likely to start the third lactation compared to the others. A potential explanation for this could be the willing to market cows with good conformation for meat purpose. Simmental is in fact a dual-purpose breed known for the good carcass yield and meat quality. This study demonstrates how muscularity and BCS available early in life can be associated with the ability of Simmental cows to stay in the herd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Buonaiuto
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | - Angela Costa
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Niero
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Degano
- National Association of Italian Simmental Cattle Breeders (ANAPRI), Udine, Italy
| | - Ludovica Maria Eugenia Mammi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ludovica Maria Eugenia Mammi
| | - Damiano Cavallini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Palmonari
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Formigoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulio Visentin
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Nannoni E, Buonaiuto G, Martelli G, Lizzi G, Trevisani G, Garavini G, Sardi L. Influence of Increased Freedom of Movement on Welfare and Egg Laying Pattern of Hens Kept in Aviaries. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12182307. [PMID: 36139167 PMCID: PMC9495151 DOI: 10.3390/ani12182307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work investigates the effects of structural modifications on the welfare level and laying patterns of hens in a three-tier commercial aviary system. Four experimental groups were used: C (control, housed in a traditional aviary); LM (longitudinal movement, in which internal partitions were removed); VM (vertical movement, in which ramps were installed); and FM (freedom of movement, both LM and VM modifications). Hens showed worse body condition scores (p < 0.05) in all the modified aviaries, while plumage condition was improved in FM but worsened in VM (p < 0.05). No significant effect was observed on egg deposition patterns, egg quality or keel bone damage. When ramps were available (VM and FM groups), hens reduced the number of flights and increased the number of walks from 0.52 to 7.7% of the displacements on average (p < 0.05). Apart from some feather pecking concerns in VM (likely due to overcrowding in some favourite aviary areas), LM and FM seemed to facilitate animal movement and promote species−specific behaviour. It is concluded that hen welfare in aviary systems can be improved by means of tailored structural modifications. Producers may therefore adopt some of these modifications (providing ramps and/or removing vertical barriers) to enhance the welfare of hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Nannoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Buonaiuto
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - Giovanna Martelli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Gabriele Lizzi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Sardi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy
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Buonaiuto G, Lopez-Villalobos N, Niero G, Degano L, Dadati E, Formigoni A, Visentin G. The application of Legendre Polynomials to model muscularity and body condition score in primiparous Italian Simmental cattle. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2022.2032850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Buonaiuto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Niero
- Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse Naturali e Ambiente, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Degano
- Associazione Nazionale Allevatori Razza Pezzata Rossa Italiana (ANAPRI), Udine, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Formigoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Giulio Visentin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy
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Buonaiuto G, Cavallini D, Mammi LME, Ghiaccio F, Palmonari A, Formigoni A, Visentin G. The accuracy of NIRS in predicting chemical composition and fibre digestibility of hay-based total mixed rations. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1990804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Buonaiuto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Damiano Cavallini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Ludovica Maria Eugenia Mammi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Francesca Ghiaccio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Alberto Palmonari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Andrea Formigoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Giulio Visentin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
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Cavallini D, Mammi LME, Buonaiuto G, Palmonari A, Valle E, Formigoni A. Immune-metabolic-inflammatory markers in Holstein cows exposed to a nutritional and environmental stressing challenge. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 105 Suppl 1:42-55. [PMID: 34622484 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dairy cows are exposed to multiple stressors during the productive cycle, such as metabolic challenges, overcrowding, grouping change, environmental stress and dietary errors. Thus, it is essential to study reliable markers able to detect stress conditions in dairy farms. This study evaluates dairy cows' immunologic and metabolic markers after the sudden and combined exposition to a high-grain diet (75% concentrates) and the abrupt change of the housing system (from free stall to tie stall). A group of twenty-four Holstein cows were enrolled in a challenge study of 28 days duration. Several immunological and metabolic blood markers were evaluated over the trial. Blood samples were taken at day 0 (normal value) and day 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 (challenge). Data were submitted to a mixed model for repeated measures, including time as fixed and cows as random effects. The nutritional and environmental challenge had heavy effects on animal welfare and cows responded with a dramatic rumination drop. Our results suggest that the most responsive markers after abiotic stressors in cows were as follows: Serum Amyloid A and ROM in the acute response; Ceruloplasmin and GGT in the mid acute and Albumin, Paroxonase and FRAP in the chronic phase. Serum Amyloid A, Ceruloplasmin, Paraoxonase, GGT and ROM resulted as positive phase proteins, while, Albumin and FRAP resulted as negative phase proteins. Preliminary obtained results could concur to develop strategies able to mitigate stressor effects; moreover, the proposed design can be used as a model to test stress nutritional modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Cavallini
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Alberto Palmonari
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuela Valle
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Formigoni
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Mammi L, Cavallini D, Palmonari A, Concolino A, Ghiaccio F, Buonaiuto G, Visentin G, Formigoni A. 504 Late-Breaking: Automatic Monitoring Systems to Detect Behavioral and Productive Variations during Heat Stress in Dairy Cows. J Anim Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab235.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aim of the project was to evaluate behavioral and productive variations of dairy cows detected by automatic monitoring systems, during different seasons. Environmental data (Temperature (T, °C), Relative Humidity, (RH, %) and Temperature and Humidity Index (THI)), were recorded inside the pens by electronic probes during 4 periods over 2 years, for a total of 473 days. Fans and sprinklers were activated at THI >60. Hundred lactating and dry cows were equipped with monitoring tag (Heatime-Pro, SCR Engineers Ltd.) that recorded continuously time (min/d) spent ruminating (RT), panting (PT) and feeding (FT). Daily PT and FT data were recorded as group average [lactating (LC) or dry], while RT and milk production were extracted as individual data. Four classes of environmental stress were identified based on maximum THI: comfort (C, THI < 60, 101d), moderate stress (MS, 60< THI >69, 92d), stress (S, 70< THI >75, 102d), severe stress (SS, THI >75, 178d). Behavioral and productive data were compared between classes. Data were analyzed by mixed model with repeated measures, with environmental class, group (dry or lactating), parity and interactions as fixed effect. Cow was included as random effect for RT and milk production. Means comparison was performed by Tukey post hoc test. All behavioral outcomes were influenced by heat stress (P < .001, table 1). Panting increased linearly with maximum THI recorded, being highest during SS days in LC (49.6 min/d, P < .001). FT and RT (min/d) were lowest (P < .001) during S days (206.9, FT and 473.1, RT) and RT reached the lowest values in cows within 15 DIM (456.4). Milk production was affected in multiparous cows, with a linear reduction from C to SS days (P < .001). Heat stress deeply affected cows behavior and performances, despite cooling systems. Automatic monitoring of these parameters can effectively help in detecting heat stress and consequently adopt strategies to improve animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Mammi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Giulio Visentin
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna
| | - Andrea Formigoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna
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Buonaiuto G, Palmonari A, Ghiaccio F, Visentin G, Cavallini D, Campidonico L, Formigoni A, Mammi LME. Effects of complete replacement of corn flour with sorghum flour in dairy cows fed Parmigiano Reggiano dry hay-based ration. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1916408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Buonaiuto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Palmonari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Ghiaccio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulio Visentin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Damiano Cavallini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Campidonico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Formigoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Buonaiuto G, Whittaker DM, Cancellieri E. Conservation of Quantum Correlations in Multimode Systems with U(1) Symmetry. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:020404. [PMID: 30085750 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.020404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a theoretical investigation of the properties of quantum correlation functions in a multimode system. We define a total mth order equal-time correlation function, summed over all modes, which is shown to be conserved if the Hamiltonian possesses U(1) symmetry. It is also conserved in the presence of dissipation, provided the loss rate is the same for all modes of the system. As examples, we demonstrate this conservation using numerical simulations of a coupled cavity system and the Jaynes-Cummings model.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Buonaiuto
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - D M Whittaker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - E Cancellieri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
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