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Gaspar-Cordeiro A, Afonso G, Amaral C, da Silva SM, Pimentel C. Zap1 is required for Candida glabrata response to fluconazole. FEMS Yeast Res 2022; 22:6510815. [PMID: 35040997 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foab068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of fluconazole-resistant clinical isolates of Candida spp. strongly hinders the widespread use of the drug. To tackle this problem, great efforts have been made to fully understand the fungal response to fluconazole. In this work, we show that the role of Zap1 in Candida glabrata goes beyond regulating yeast adaptation to zinc deficiency. In line with our previous observation that deletion of ZAP1 makes yeast cells more sensitive to fluconazole, we found that the mutant CgΔzap1 accumulates higher levels of the drug, which correlates well with its lower levels of ergosterol. Surprisingly, Zap1 is a negative regulator of the drug efflux transporter gene CDR1 and of its regulator, PDR1. The apparent paradox of drug accumulation in cells where genes encoding transporters relevant for drug extrusion are being overexpressed led us to postulate that their activity could be impaired. In agreement, Zap1-depleted cells present, in addition to decreased ergosterol levels, an altered composition of membrane phospholipids, which together should impact membrane function and impair the detoxification of fluconazole. Overall, our study brings to light Zap1 as an important hub in Candida glabrata response to fluconazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gaspar-Cordeiro
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - G Afonso
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - C Amaral
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - S M da Silva
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - C Pimentel
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
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Pinto R, Pires ML, Borges M, Pinto ML, Guerreiro CS, Miguel S, Santos O, Ricardo I, Cunha N, Silva PAD, Correia AL, Fiúza S, Caldeira E, Salazar F, Rodrigues C, Ferreira MC, Afonso G, Araújo G, Martins J, Ramalhinho M, Sousa P, Pires S, Jordão A, Pinto FJ, Abreu A. [Digital home-based multidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation: How to counteract physical inactivity during the COVID-19 pandemic]. Rev Port Cardiol 2021; 41:209-218. [PMID: 34840415 PMCID: PMC8604709 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2021.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Objectives Center-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs have been forced to close due to COVID-19. Alternative delivery models to maintain access to CR programs and to avoid physical inactivity should be considered. The aim of this study was to assess physical activity (PA) levels after completing a home-based digital CR program. Methods A total of 116 cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients (62.6±8.9 years, 95 male) who had been attending a face-to-face CR program were recruited and assessed (baseline and at three months) on the following parameters: PA, sedentary behavior, adherence, cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular symptoms, feelings toward the pandemic, dietary habits, risk factor control, safety and adverse events. The intervention consisted of a multidisciplinary digital CR program, including regular patient assessment, and exercise, educational and psychological group sessions. Results Ninety-eight CVD patients successfully completed all the online assessments (15.5% drop-out rate). A favorable main effect of time was an increase in moderate to vigorous PA and a decrease in sedentary time at three months. Almost half of the participants completed at least one online exercise training session per week and attended at least one of the online educational sessions. No major adverse events were reported and only one minor event occurred. Conclusion During the pandemic, levels of moderate to vigorous PA improved after three months of home-based CR in CVD patients with previous experience in a face-to-face CR model. Diversified CR programs with a greater variety of content tailored to individual preferences are needed to meet the motivational and clinical requirements of CVD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Pinto
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Departamento Coração e Vasos, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Madalena Lemos Pires
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Departamento Coração e Vasos, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mariana Borges
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Departamento Coração e Vasos, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mariana Liñan Pinto
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Sousa Guerreiro
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sandra Miguel
- Serviço de Medicina Física e Reabilitação, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Olga Santos
- Serviço de Medicina Física e Reabilitação, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Ricardo
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Departamento Coração e Vasos, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nelson Cunha
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Departamento Coração e Vasos, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Alves da Silva
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Departamento Coração e Vasos, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Correia
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Departamento Coração e Vasos, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Fiúza
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Departamento Coração e Vasos, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Edite Caldeira
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Departamento Coração e Vasos, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fátima Salazar
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Departamento Coração e Vasos, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carla Rodrigues
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Departamento Coração e Vasos, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mariana Cordeiro Ferreira
- Serviço de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental, Unidade de Psicologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gisela Afonso
- Serviço de Medicina Física e Reabilitação, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Graça Araújo
- Serviço de Medicina Física e Reabilitação, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Martins
- Serviço de Medicina Física e Reabilitação, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Ramalhinho
- Serviço de Medicina Física e Reabilitação, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paula Sousa
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Departamento Coração e Vasos, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Susana Pires
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Departamento Coração e Vasos, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alda Jordão
- Serviço de Medicina III, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fausto J Pinto
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Departamento Coração e Vasos, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Abreu
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Departamento Coração e Vasos, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Scotto M, Afonso G, Larger E, Raverdy C, Lemonnier F, Carel J, Dubois-Laforgue D, Baz B, Levy D, Gautier J, Launey O, Bruno G, Boitard C, Sechi L, Hutton J, Davidson H, Mallone R. Zinc transporter (ZnT)8(186-194) is an immunodominant CD8+ T cell epitope in HLA-A2+ type 1 diabetic patients. Diabetologia 2012; 55:2026-31. [PMID: 22526607 PMCID: PMC3740540 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2543-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Anti-zinc transporter (ZnT)8 autoantibodies are commonly detected in type 1 diabetic patients. We hypothesised that ZnT8 is also recognised by CD8(+) T cells and aimed to identify HLA-A2 (A*02:01)-restricted epitope targets. METHODS Candidate epitopes were selected by ZnT8 plasmid DNA immunisation of HLA-A2/DQ8 transgenic mice and tested for T cell recognition in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of type 1 diabetic, type 2 diabetic and healthy participants by IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunospot. RESULTS White HLA-A2(+) adults (83%) and children (60%) with type 1 diabetes displayed ZnT8-reactive CD8(+) T cells that recognised a single ZnT8(186-194) (VAANIVLTV) epitope. This ZnT8(186-194)-reactive fraction accounted for 50% to 53% of total ZnT8-specific CD8(+) T cells. Another sequence, ZnT8(153-161) (VVTGVLVYL), was recognised in 20% and 25% of type 1 diabetic adults and children, respectively. Both epitopes were type 1 diabetes-specific, being marginally recognised by type 2 diabetic and healthy participants (7-12% for ZnT8(186-194), 0% for ZnT8(153-161)). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION ZnT8-reactive CD8(+) T cells are predominantly directed against the ZnT8(186-194) epitope and are detected in a majority of type 1 diabetic patients. The exceptional immunodominance of ZnT8(186-194) may point to common environmental triggers precipitating beta cell autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Scotto
- INSERM, U986, DeAR Lab Avenir, Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul Hospital, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - G. Afonso
- INSERM, U986, DeAR Lab Avenir, Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul Hospital, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - E. Larger
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Cochin-Hôtel Dieu Hospital, Department of Diabetology, Paris, France
| | - C. Raverdy
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Paris, France
- Paris 7 Denis Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - F.A. Lemonnier
- INSERM, U986, DeAR Lab Avenir, Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul Hospital, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - J.C. Carel
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Paris, France
- Paris 7 Denis Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - D. Dubois-Laforgue
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Cochin-Hôtel Dieu Hospital, Department of Diabetology, Paris, France
| | - B. Baz
- Paris 7 Denis Diderot University, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Louis Hospital, Department of Diabetology, Paris, France
| | - D. Levy
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Cochin-Hôtel Dieu Hospital, Department of Diabetology, Paris, France
| | - J.F. Gautier
- Paris 7 Denis Diderot University, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Louis Hospital, Department of Diabetology, Paris, France
| | - O. Launey
- INSERM CIC BT505, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Cochin-Hôtel Dieu Hospital, Centre d’Investigation Clinique de Vaccinologie Cochin Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - G. Bruno
- University of Turin, Departement of Internal Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - C. Boitard
- INSERM, U986, DeAR Lab Avenir, Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul Hospital, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Cochin-Hôtel Dieu Hospital, Department of Diabetology, Paris, France
| | - L.A. Sechi
- Università degli Studi di Sassari, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, Sassari, Italy
| | - J.C. Hutton
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - H.W. Davidson
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - R. Mallone
- INSERM, U986, DeAR Lab Avenir, Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul Hospital, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Cochin-Hôtel Dieu Hospital, Department of Diabetology, Paris, France
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5
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Madec AM, Mallone R, Afonso G, Abou Mrad E, Mesnier A, Eljaafari A, Thivolet C. Mesenchymal stem cells protect NOD mice from diabetes by inducing regulatory T cells. Diabetologia 2009; 52:1391-9. [PMID: 19421731 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-009-1374-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2009] [Accepted: 03/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Displaying immunomodulatory capacities, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered as beneficial agents for autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the ability of MSCs to prevent autoimmune diabetes in the NOD mouse model. METHODS Prevention of spontaneous insulitis or of diabetes was evaluated after a single i.v. injection of MSCs in 4-week-old female NOD mice, or following the co-injection of MSCs and diabetogenic T cells in irradiated male NOD recipients, respectively. The frequency of CD4(+)FOXP3(+) cells and Foxp3 mRNA levels in the spleen of male NOD recipients were also quantified. In vivo cell homing was assessed by monitoring 5,6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE)-labelled T cells or MSCs. In vitro, cell proliferation and cytokine production were assessed by adding graded doses of irradiated MSCs to insulin B9-23 peptide-specific T cell lines in the presence of irradiated splenocytes pulsed with the peptide. RESULTS MSCs reduced the capacity of diabetogenic T cells to infiltrate pancreatic islets and to transfer diabetes. This protective effect was not associated with the modification of diabetogenic T cell homing, but correlated with a preferential migration of MSCs to pancreatic lymph nodes. While injection of diabetogenic T cells resulted in a decrease in levels of FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells, this decrease was inhibited by MSC co-transfer. Moreover, MSCs were able to suppress both allogeneic and insulin-specific proliferative responses in vitro. This suppressive effect was associated with the induction of IL10-secreting FOXP3(+) T cells. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION MSCs prevent autoimmune beta cell destruction and subsequent diabetes by inducing regulatory T cells. MSCs may thus offer a novel cell-based approach for the prevention of autoimmune diabetes and for islet cell transplantation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Movement/immunology
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/prevention & control
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/immunology
- Interleukin-10/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed
- Male
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Prediabetic State/immunology
- Prediabetic State/therapy
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Madec
- INSERM U870/INRA 1235, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, 165 chemin du Grand-Revoyet, Oullins, France.
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