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Pita-Rodríguez GM, Basabe-Tuero B, Díaz-Sánchez ME, Alfonso-Sagué K, Álvarez AMG, Montero-Díaz M, Valdés-Perdomo S, Chávez-Chong C, Rodríguez-Martinez E, Díaz-Fuentes Y, Llera-Abreu E, Calzadilla-Cámbara A, Ríos-Castillo I. Prevalence of Anemia and Iron Deficiency in Women of Reproductive Age in Cuba and Associated Factors. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:5110. [PMID: 36982031 PMCID: PMC10049065 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency in women of reproductive age and the association with inflammation, global overweight, adiposity, and menorrhagia. A sample design of women of reproductive age from the Eastern, Central, and Havana Regions was carried out. Biochemical determinations of hemoglobin, serum ferritin, soluble transferrin receptors, leukocytes, C-reactive protein, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, and homocysteine were performed. Serum ferritin was also adjusted by inflammation. Nutritional status was assessed, and menstrual characteristics were collected by survey. A total of 742 women were studied. The prevalence of anemia was 21.4%, iron storage deficiency at 16.0%, and erythropoietic dysfunction at 5.4%, with inflammation at 47.0% and elevated homocysteine at 18.6%. Global overweight was 46.2% and increased adiposity at 58.4%. Anemia is associated with iron deposition deficiency (OR = 3.023 (1.816-5.033)) and with erythropoietic deficiency (OR = 5.62 (3.03-10.39)), but not with inflammation, global overweight, and adiposity. Global overweight was found to be associated with inflammation (OR = 2.23 (1.41-3.53)). Anemia was associated with heavy menstrual bleeding (OR = 1.92 (1.34-2.76)). Homocysteine was associated with inflammation (OR = 2.05 (1.08-3.90)), but not with anemia. In conclusion, anemia in Cuba is classified as a moderate public health problem, but not iron deficiency. A high prevalence of overweight and obesity was found, associated with inflammation, but not with anemia or iron deficiency. Heavy menstrual bleeding is a factor associated with anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beatriz Basabe-Tuero
- National Institute of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology (INHEM), Havana 10300, Cuba
| | | | - Karen Alfonso-Sagué
- National Institute of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology (INHEM), Havana 10300, Cuba
| | | | | | - Sonia Valdés-Perdomo
- National Institute of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology (INHEM), Havana 10300, Cuba
| | | | | | - Yoandry Díaz-Fuentes
- National Institute of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology (INHEM), Havana 10300, Cuba
| | - Elisa Llera-Abreu
- National Institute of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology (INHEM), Havana 10300, Cuba
| | | | - Israel Ríos-Castillo
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), Sub Regional Office in Mesoamerica, Panama City 0843-00006, Panama
- Nutrition and Dietetic School, University of Panama, Panama City 3366, Panama
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Montero-Díaz M, Chávez-Chong C, Rodríguez-Martínez E, Pita-Rodríguez GM, Lambert-Lamazares B, Basabe-Tuero B, Alfonso-Sagué K. Adjusting Iron Deficiency for Inflammation in Cuban Children Aged Under Five Years: New Approaches Using Quadratic and Quantile Regression. MEDICC Rev 2022; 24:36-45. [DOI: 10.37757/mr2022.v24.n3-4.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Karen Alfonso-Sagué
- National Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology Institute (INHEM), Havana, Cuba
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Macías-Matos C, Díaz-Sánchez ME, Pita-Rodríguez GM, Basabe-Tuero B, Herrera-Javier D, Moreno-López V. Estilos de vida, sobrepeso y obesidad en adolescentes de enseñanza media de La Habana. Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet 2011. [DOI: 10.14306/renhyd.16.2.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducción: La elevada prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad constituye un problema de salud en Cuba y no hay suficiente información sobre adolescentes. El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar la relación entre el exceso de peso y adiposidad con la actividad física, las horas de televisión y los hábitos alimentarios en adolescentes.Material y métodos: Se estudió a 604 adolescentes (edad, 12 años) de La Habana. Se analizaron: índice de masa corporal, composición corporal, antecedentes de obesidad en la niñez, actividad física, horas viendo televisión, consumo, hábitos y preferencias alimentarias. Se realizó estadística descriptiva y de asociación. Para el análisis de regresión logística se utilizó el exceso de peso y de adiposidad como variables dependientes.Resultados: El exceso de peso corporal fue más frecuente en los varones. Se encontró una alta prevalencia de exceso de adiposidad, el 49,8% en mujeres y el 37,8% en varones. Los varones (61,7%) fueron más activos que las mujeres (33,6%). De lunes a viernes, el 46,7% de los varones y el 55,9% de las mujeres dedicaron más de 2 h/día a ver televisión, que aumentó a más del 75% en ambos sexos los sábados y domingos. Realizar menos de 5-6 comidas/día duplicó el riesgo de tener exceso de peso; el sobrepeso corporal en la niñez también fue un factor de riesgo. No desayunar incrementó el riesgo de adiposidad casi al doble.Conclusiones: El exceso de peso, y especialmente el de adiposidad, puede ser considerado un problema de salud en los adolescentes estudiados. Se observó un consumo demasiado alto de azúcar, un tiempo excesivo viendo la televisión e insuficiente actividad física.
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