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Revuelto J, Gómez D, Alonso-González E, Vidaller I, Rojas-Heredia F, Deschamps-Berger C, García-Jiménez J, Rodríguez-López G, Sobrino J, Montorio R, Perez-Cabello F, López-Moreno JI. Intermediate snowpack melt-out dates guarantee the highest seasonal grasslands greening in the Pyrenees. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18328. [PMID: 36316348 PMCID: PMC9622740 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22391-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In mountain areas, the phenology and productivity of grassland are closely related to snow dynamics. However, the influence that snow melt timing has on grassland growing still needs further attention for a full understanding, particularly at high spatial resolution. Aiming to reduce this knowledge gap, this work exploits 1 m resolution snow depth and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index observations acquired with an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle at a sub-alpine site in the Pyrenees. During two snow seasons (2019-2020 and 2020-2021), 14 NDVI and 17 snow depth distributions were acquired over 48 ha. Despite the snow dynamics being different in the two seasons, the response of grasslands greening to snow melt-out exhibited a very similar pattern in both. The NDVI temporal evolution in areas with distinct melt-out dates reveals that sectors where the melt-out date occurs in late April or early May (optimum melt-out) reach the maximum vegetation productivity. Zones with an earlier or a later melt-out rarely reach peak NDVI values. The results obtained in this study area, suggest that knowledge about snow depth distribution is not needed to understand NDVI grassland dynamics. The analysis did not reveal a clear link between the spatial variability in snow duration and the diversity and richness of grassland communities within the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Revuelto
- grid.452561.10000 0001 2159 7377Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - D. Gómez
- grid.452561.10000 0001 2159 7377Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - E. Alonso-González
- grid.500939.6Centre d’Etudes Spatiales de la Biosphère, CESBIO, Univ. Toulouse, CNES/CNRS/INRAE/IRD/UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - I. Vidaller
- grid.452561.10000 0001 2159 7377Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - F. Rojas-Heredia
- grid.452561.10000 0001 2159 7377Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - C. Deschamps-Berger
- grid.452561.10000 0001 2159 7377Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J. García-Jiménez
- grid.452561.10000 0001 2159 7377Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - G. Rodríguez-López
- grid.11205.370000 0001 2152 8769Departamento de Análisis Económico, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J. Sobrino
- grid.5515.40000000119578126Facultad de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - R. Montorio
- grid.11205.370000 0001 2152 8769Departamento de Geografía y Ordenación del Territorio-Instituto Universitario en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón (IUCA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - F. Perez-Cabello
- grid.11205.370000 0001 2152 8769Departamento de Geografía y Ordenación del Territorio-Instituto Universitario en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón (IUCA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J. I. López-Moreno
- grid.452561.10000 0001 2159 7377Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain
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Soria-Castro R, Alfaro-Doblado ÁR, Rodríguez-López G, Campillo-Navarro M, Meneses-Preza YG, Galán-Salinas A, Alvarez-Jimenez V, Yam-Puc JC, Munguía-Fuentes R, Domínguez-Flores A, Estrada-Parra S, Pérez-Tapia SM, Chávez-Blanco AD, Chacón-Salinas R. TLR2 Regulates Mast Cell IL-6 and IL-13 Production During Listeria monocytogenes Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:650779. [PMID: 34194428 PMCID: PMC8238461 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.650779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (L.m) is efficiently controlled by several cells of the innate immunity, including the Mast Cell (MC). MC is activated by L.m inducing its degranulation, cytokine production and microbicidal mechanisms. TLR2 is required for the optimal control of L.m infection by different cells of the immune system. However, little is known about the MC receptors involved in recognizing this bacterium and whether these interactions mediate MC activation. In this study, we analyzed whether TLR2 is involved in mediating different MC activation responses during L.m infection. We found that despite MC were infected with L.m, they were able to clear the bacterial load. In addition, MC degranulated and produced ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-13 and MCP-1 in response to bacterial infection. Interestingly, L.m induced the activation of signaling proteins: ERK, p38 and NF-κB. When TLR2 was blocked, L.m endocytosis, bactericidal activity, ROS production and mast cell degranulation were not affected. Interestingly, only IL-6 and IL-13 production were affected when TLR2 was inhibited in response to L.m infection. Furthermore, p38 activation depended on TLR2, but not ERK or NF-κB activation. These results indicate that TLR2 mediates only some MC activation pathways during L.m infection, mainly those related to IL-6 and IL-13 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Soria-Castro
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ángel R. Alfaro-Doblado
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gloria Rodríguez-López
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcia Campillo-Navarro
- Research Coordination, Centro Médico Nacional 20 de Noviembre, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yatsiri G. Meneses-Preza
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adrian Galán-Salinas
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Violeta Alvarez-Jimenez
- Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Lab de Biología Molecular y Bioseguridad Nivel 3, Centro Médico Naval, Secretaría de Marina (SEMAR), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan C. Yam-Puc
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rosario Munguía-Fuentes
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria en Ingeniería y Tecnologías Avanzadas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (UPIITA-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Domínguez-Flores
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Estrada-Parra
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sonia M. Pérez-Tapia
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Desarrollo e Investigación en Bioprocesos (UDIBI), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alma D. Chávez-Blanco
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), México City, Mexico
| | - Rommel Chacón-Salinas
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
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De Araujo JJ, Medarde A, Rodríguez-López G, Calabrese C, López-Borrasca A. [Value of fetal hemoglobin determination as index of effective blood transfusion]. Rev Clin Inst Matern Lisb 1967; 18:57-65. [PMID: 4970234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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