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Taylor G. The Pharmacokinetics of Inhaled Drugs. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2023; 36:281-288. [PMID: 37851977 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2023.29091.gt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of a drug after inhalation may differ quite markedly from that seen after dosing by other routes of administration. Drugs may be administered to the lung to elicit a local action or as a portal for systemic delivery of the drug to its site of action elsewhere in the body. Some knowledge of PK is important for both locally- and systemically-acting drugs. For a systemically-acting drug, the plasma concentration-time profile shares some similarities with drug given by the oral or intravenous routes, since the plasma concentrations (after the distribution phase) will be in equilibrium with concentrations at the site of action. For a locally-acting drug, however, the plasma concentrations reflect its fate after it has been absorbed and removed from the airways, and not what is available to its site of action in the lung. Consequently, those typical PK parameters which are determined from plasma concentration measurements, e.g., area under the curve (AUC), Cmax, tmax and post-peak t1/2 may provide information on the deposition and absorption of drugs from the lung; however, the information from these parameters becomes more complicated to decipher for those drugs which are locally-acting in the lung. Additionally, the plasma concentration profile for both locally- and systemically-acting drugs will not only reflect drug absorbed from the lung but also that absorbed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract from the portion of the dose which is swallowed. This absorption from the GI tract adds a further complication to the interpretation of plasma concentrations, particularly for locally-acting drugs. The influence of physiological and pathological factors needs to be considered in the absorption of some inhaled drugs. The absorption of some hydrophilic drugs is influenced by the inspiratory maneuver used during initial inhalation of the drug, and at later times after deposition. Similarly, the effects of smoking have been shown to increase lung permeability and increase the absorption of certain hydrophilic drugs. The effects of different disease states of the lung have less defined influences on absorption into the systemic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glyn Taylor
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cardiff, United Kingdom
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2
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Drake M, Worthington J, Frost J, Sanderson E, Cotterill N, Fader M, Hashim H, Macaulay M, Rees J, Robles L, Taylor G, Taylor J, Ridd M, Macneill S, Noble S, Lane A. Conservative management of male LUTS in primary care: A cluster randomised trial TRIUMPH. EUR UROL SUPPL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(23)00049-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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3
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Chattopadhyay S, Soman B, Taylor G, Choudhury A, Desilva R. Determinants of neointimal strut coverage in bio-degradable polymer coated ultrathin strut stent. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Incomplete strut coverage (ISC) is the most important morphometric determinant of stent thrombosis. Determinants of ISC have been studied in thick and thin strut stents.
Purpose
To identify morphometric factors causing ISC in the biodegradable polymer-coated ultra-thin strut drug eluting stent (BP-UTS-DES) that are designed to encourage better strut coverage.
Methods
Patients undergoing implantation of a 65μm BP-UTS-DES had opportunistic OCT during staged PCI to assess strut coverage at 90 days. Images were analysed offline by experienced operators blinded to patient and procedural data. Neointimal thickness (NIT, μm) was measured as the minimum endoluminal distant between the strut and lumen border. All malapposed struts were considered uncovered. ISC was defined as <100% covered struts in a frame. Stepwise logistic regression using multiple morphometric variables was used to identify independent determinants of ISC including markers of circumferential distribution of neointimal growth (CVS,NUS,RUS), symmetry of stent expansion (SEI, AVS, MAS) in each cross section and the geographical location of the frame along the axis of the stent.
Results
We analysed 11652 frames of 65 stents (1976 mm) in 46 arteries of 40 patients. All stents were post dilated. 95.6% arteries had >20mm stents, 39.1% were overlapped and 15.2% were chronic total occlusions. Malapposition was seen in 2.6% of all struts and 39.2% of uncovered struts. The proportion of covered struts decreased as indices of circumferential uniformity of distribution of neointimal hyperplasia increased (CVS: r=0.37, p<0.001; RUS: r=0.36, p<0.001; NUS: r=0.52, p<0.001). As uniformity of stent expansion improved (SEI increased) strut coverage and circumferential uniformity of neointimal hyperplasia increased (CVS, NUS and RUS decreased) suggesting that distribution of neointimal growth becomes homogeneous as uniformity of stent expansion improves (Fig. 1). Determinants ISC is shown in Table 1.
Conclusion
SEI but not AVS or MAS determines ISC. Compared to the distal third of the stent frames in the middle third had lower and the proximal third had high risk of ISC.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chattopadhyay
- Bedfordshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cardiology , Bedford , United Kingdom
| | - B Soman
- Milton Keynes University Hospital NHS Trust, Cardiology , Milton Keynes , United Kingdom
| | - G Taylor
- Bedfordshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cardiology , Bedford , United Kingdom
| | - A Choudhury
- Regional Cardiac Centre Morriston Hospital, Cardiology , Swansea , United Kingdom
| | - R Desilva
- Bedfordshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cardiology , Bedford , United Kingdom
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Torkington J, Harries R, O'Connell S, Knight L, Islam S, Bashir N, Watkins A, Fegan G, Cornish J, Rees B, Cole H, Jarvis H, Jones S, Russell I, Bosanquet D, Cleves A, Sewell B, Farr A, Zbrzyzna N, Fiera N, Ellis-Owen R, Hilton Z, Parry C, Bradbury A, Wall P, Hill J, Winter D, Cocks K, Harris D, Hilton J, Vakis S, Hanratty D, Rajagopal R, Akbar F, Ben-Sassi A, Francis N, Jones L, Williamson M, Lindsey I, West R, Smart C, Ziprin P, Agarwal T, Faulkner G, Pinkney T, Vimalachandran D, Lawes D, Faiz O, Nisar P, Smart N, Wilson T, Myers A, Lund J, Smolarek S, Acheson A, Horwood J, Ansell J, Phillips S, Davies M, Davies L, Bird S, Palmer N, Williams M, Galanopoulos G, Rao PD, Jones D, Barnett R, Tate S, Wheat J, Patel N, Rahmani S, Toynton E, Smith L, Reeves N, Kealaher E, Williams G, Sekaran C, Evans M, Beynon J, Egan R, Qasem E, Khot U, Ather S, Mummigati P, Taylor G, Williamson J, Lim J, Powell A, Nageswaran H, Williams A, Padmanabhan J, Phillips K, Ford T, Edwards J, Varney N, Hicks L, Greenway C, Chesters K, Jones H, Blake P, Brown C, Roche L, Jones D, Feeney M, Shah P, Rutter C, McGrath C, Curtis N, Pippard L, Perry J, Allison J, Ockrim J, Dalton R, Allison A, Rendell J, Howard L, Beesley K, Dennison G, Burton J, Bowen G, Duberley S, Richards L, Giles J, Katebe J, Dalton S, Wood J, Courtney E, Hompes R, Poole A, Ward S, Wilkinson L, Hardstaff L, Bogden M, Al-Rashedy M, Fensom C, Lunt N, McCurrie M, Peacock R, Malik K, Burns H, Townley B, Hill P, Sadat M, Khan U, Wignall C, Murati D, Dhanaratne M, Quaid S, Gurram S, Smith D, Harris P, Pollard J, DiBenedetto G, Chadwick J, Hull R, Bach S, Morton D, Hollier K, Hardy V, Ghods M, Tyrrell D, Ashraf S, Glasbey J, Ashraf M, Garner S, Whitehouse A, Yeung D, Mohamed SN, Wilkin R, Suggett N, Lee C, Bagul A, McNeill C, Eardley N, Mahapatra R, Gabriel C, Datt P, Mahmud S, Daniels I, McDermott F, Nodolsk M, Park L, Scott H, Trickett J, Bearn P, Trivedi P, Frost V, Gray C, Croft M, Beral D, Osborne J, Pugh R, Herdman G, George R, Howell AM, Al-Shahaby S, Narendrakumar B, Mohsen Y, Ijaz S, Nasseri M, Herrod P, Brear T, Reilly JJ, Sohal A, Otieno C, Lai W, Coleman M, Platt E, Patrick A, Pitman C, Balasubramanya S, Dickson E, Warman R, Newton C, Tani S, Simpson J, Banerjee A, Siddika A, Campion D, Humes D, Randhawa N, Saunders J, Bharathan B, Hay O. Incisional hernia following colorectal cancer surgery according to suture technique: Hughes Abdominal Repair Randomized Trial (HART). Br J Surg 2022; 109:943-950. [PMID: 35979802 PMCID: PMC10364691 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incisional hernias cause morbidity and may require further surgery. HART (Hughes Abdominal Repair Trial) assessed the effect of an alternative suture method on the incidence of incisional hernia following colorectal cancer surgery. METHODS A pragmatic multicentre single-blind RCT allocated patients undergoing midline incision for colorectal cancer to either Hughes closure (double far-near-near-far sutures of 1 nylon suture at 2-cm intervals along the fascia combined with conventional mass closure) or the surgeon's standard closure. The primary outcome was the incidence of incisional hernia at 1 year assessed by clinical examination. An intention-to-treat analysis was performed. RESULTS Between August 2014 and February 2018, 802 patients were randomized to either Hughes closure (401) or the standard mass closure group (401). At 1 year after surgery, 672 patients (83.7 per cent) were included in the primary outcome analysis; 50 of 339 patients (14.8 per cent) in the Hughes group and 57 of 333 (17.1 per cent) in the standard closure group had incisional hernia (OR 0.84, 95 per cent c.i. 0.55 to 1.27; P = 0.402). At 2 years, 78 patients (28.7 per cent) in the Hughes repair group and 84 (31.8 per cent) in the standard closure group had incisional hernia (OR 0.86, 0.59 to 1.25; P = 0.429). Adverse events were similar in the two groups, apart from the rate of surgical-site infection, which was higher in the Hughes group (13.2 versus 7.7 per cent; OR 1.82, 1.14 to 2.91; P = 0.011). CONCLUSION The incidence of incisional hernia after colorectal cancer surgery is high. There was no statistical difference in incidence between Hughes closure and mass closure at 1 or 2 years. REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN25616490 (http://www.controlled-trials.com).
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Kearns C, Taylor G, Oberoi S, Mertz E. Dominant Power and the Concept of Caste: Implications for Dentistry and Oral Health Inequality. Community Dent Health 2022; 39:137-142. [PMID: 35543466 PMCID: PMC9156562 DOI: 10.1922/cdh_iadr22kearns06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper explores the issues of caste and casteism in the U.S. as described by Pulitzer Prize winning journalist Isabel Wilkerson in her 2020 book "Caste: The Origin of Our Discontents". Wilkerson argues that a caste system not only exists in the U.S. but operates as a hidden force affecting social inequality. The paper draws on Wilkerson's work to explore caste as an analytical concept. It begins by defining caste and casteism in contrast with racism, the eight pillars of a caste system, the consequences of casteism, and the psychological drivers of casteism. The paper then applies to concept of caste to understanding power, dentistry, and oral health inequality. The paper concludes by emphasizing that the concept of caste and its relationship to oral health inequality must be understood it if we want to create real social change.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kearns
- University of California, San Francisco
| | - G Taylor
- University of California, San Francisco
| | - S Oberoi
- University of California, San Francisco
| | - E Mertz
- University of California, San Francisco
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Zhu R, Chen H, Galanter J, She G, Cai F, Durk MR, Zou Y, Chen L, Kenny JR, Vadhavkar S, Warren S, Taylor G, Hwang O, Eliahu A, Wynne C, Owen R. Phase 1 and Scintigraphy Studies to Evaluate Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Lung Deposition of Inhaled GDC-0214 in Healthy Volunteers. Clin Transl Sci 2022; 15:1225-1237. [PMID: 35157370 PMCID: PMC9099118 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Several inflammatory cytokines that promote inflammation and pathogenesis in asthma signal through the Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) pathway. This phase I, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial assessed the pharmacokinetics and safety of single and multiple ascending doses up to 15 mg twice daily for 14 days of a JAK1 inhibitor, GDC‐0214, in healthy volunteers (HVs; n = 66). Doses were administered with a dry powder, capsule‐based inhaler. An accompanying open‐label gamma scintigraphy study in HVs examined the lung deposition of a single dose of inhaled Technetium‐99m (99mTc)‐radiolabeled GDC‐0214. GDC‐0214 plasma concentrations were linear and approximately dose‐proportional after both single and multiple doses. Peak plasma concentrations occurred at 15–30 min after dosing. The mean apparent elimination half‐life ranged from 32 to 56 h across all single and multiple dose cohorts. After single and multiple doses, all adverse events were mild or moderate, and none led to treatment withdrawal. There was no clear evidence of systemic toxicity due to JAK1 inhibition, and systemic exposure was low, with plasma concentrations at least 15‐fold less than the plasma protein binding‐corrected IC50 of JAK1 at the highest dose. Scintigraphy showed that approximately 50% of the emitted dose of radiolabeled GDC‐0214 was deposited in the lungs and was distributed well to the peripheral airways. 99mTc‐radiolabeled GDC‐0214 (1 mg) exhibited a mean plasma Cmax similar to that observed in phase I at the same dose level. Overall, inhaled GDC‐0214 exhibited pharmacokinetic properties favorable for inhaled administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhu
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hubert Chen
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Gaohong She
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fang Cai
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Yixuan Zou
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Liuxi Chen
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Glyn Taylor
- Cardiff Scintigraphics, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | - Avi Eliahu
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chris Wynne
- Christchurch Clinical Studies Trust (CCST; now New Zealand Clinical Research), Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Ryan Owen
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
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7
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Usmani OS, Baldi S, Warren S, Panni I, Girardello L, Rony F, Taylor G, DeBacker W, Georges G. Lung Deposition of Inhaled Extrafine Beclomethasone Dipropionate/Formoterol Fumarate/Glycopyrronium Bromide in Healthy Volunteers and Asthma: The STORM Study. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2022; 35:179-185. [PMID: 35128939 PMCID: PMC9416540 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2021.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: An extrafine formulation triple therapy combination of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP), formoterol fumarate (FF), and glycopyrronium bromide (GB) has been developed for the maintenance treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This study used gamma scintigraphy to evaluate the intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary in vivo deposition of BDP/FF/GB, and the intrapulmonary regional distribution of the deposited formulation. Methods: This open-label uncontrolled nonrandomized single-dose study recruited 10 healthy volunteers and 9 patients with asthma. After a krypton-81m (81mKr) ventilation scan was conducted, subjects inhaled study drug (four inhalations of BDP/FF/GB 100/6/12.5 μg radiolabeled using technetium-99 m [99mTc]) through pressurized metered-dose inhaler, and a series of scintigraphic images were taken. The primary objective was to evaluate intrapulmonary drug deposition of BDP/FF/GB, determined as the percentage of nominal (i.e., metered) dose. Secondary endpoints included central/peripheral deposition ratio (C/P), and the standardized central/peripheral ratio (sC/P; 99mTc aerosol C/P/81mKr gas C/P). Results: All participants completed the study, with all scintigraphy procedures performed at one site. In patients with asthma, mean ± standard deviation intrapulmonary deposition was 25.50% ± 6.81%, not significantly different to that in healthy volunteers (22.74% ± 9.19%; p = 0.4715). Approximately half of the lung dose was deposited in the peripheral region of the lung (fraction deposited 0.52 ± 0.07 and 0.49 ± 0.06 in healthy volunteers and patients with asthma, respectively), resulting in C/P ratios of 0.94 ± 0.25 and 1.06 ± 0.25, respectively, with sC/P ratios of 1.80 ± 0.40 and 1.94 ± 0.38. Deposition patterns were similar in the two populations. BDP/FF/GB was well tolerated. Conclusions: This study confirmed that the extrafine particles delivered by BDP/FF/GB penetrate the peripheral areas of the lungs, with a similar proportion of particles deposited in the central and peripheral regions. Importantly, the deposition patterns were similar in healthy volunteers and patients with asthma, suggesting that disease characteristics are unlikely to impact drug deposition. Clinical Trial Registration number: NCT03795350.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar S Usmani
- NHLI Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Simon Warren
- Cardiff Scintigraphics Ltd., Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Glyn Taylor
- Cardiff Scintigraphics Ltd., Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Wilfried DeBacker
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
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8
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Sydeman WJ, Schoeman DS, Thompson SA, Hoover BA, García-Reyes M, Daunt F, Agnew P, Anker-Nilssen T, Barbraud C, Barrett R, Becker PH, Bell E, Boersma PD, Bouwhuis S, Cannell B, Crawford RJM, Dann P, Delord K, Elliott G, Erikstad KE, Flint E, Furness RW, Harris MP, Hatch S, Hilwig K, Hinke JT, Jahncke J, Mills JA, Reiertsen TK, Renner H, Sherley RB, Surman C, Taylor G, Thayer JA, Trathan PN, Velarde E, Walker K, Wanless S, Warzybok P, Watanuki Y. Hemispheric asymmetry in ocean change and the productivity of ecosystem sentinels. Science 2021; 372:980-983. [PMID: 34045354 DOI: 10.1126/science.abf1772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Climate change and other human activities are causing profound effects on marine ecosystem productivity. We show that the breeding success of seabirds is tracking hemispheric differences in ocean warming and human impacts, with the strongest effects on fish-eating, surface-foraging species in the north. Hemispheric asymmetry suggests the need for ocean management at hemispheric scales. For the north, tactical, climate-based recovery plans for forage fish resources are needed to recover seabird breeding productivity. In the south, lower-magnitude change in seabird productivity presents opportunities for strategic management approaches such as large marine protected areas to sustain food webs and maintain predator productivity. Global monitoring of seabird productivity enables the detection of ecosystem change in remote regions and contributes to our understanding of marine climate impacts on ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D S Schoeman
- Global-Change Ecology Research Group, School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for African Conservation Ecology, Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | | | | | | | - F Daunt
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, UK
| | - P Agnew
- Oamaru Blue Penguin Colony, Oamaru, New Zealand
| | - T Anker-Nilssen
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Trondheim, Norway
| | - C Barbraud
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS UMR7372, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - R Barrett
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - P H Becker
- Institute of Avian Research, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - E Bell
- Wildlife Management International, Blenheim, New Zealand
| | - P D Boersma
- Center for Ecosystem Sentinels, Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - S Bouwhuis
- Institute of Avian Research, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - B Cannell
- Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, and University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | - R J M Crawford
- Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - P Dann
- Phillip Island Nature Parks, Cowes, Victoria, Australia
| | - K Delord
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS UMR7372, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - G Elliott
- New Zealand Department of Conservation, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - K E Erikstad
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), FRAM Centre, Tromsø, Norway and Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - E Flint
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - R W Furness
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - M P Harris
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, UK
| | - S Hatch
- Institute for Seabird Research and Conservation, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - K Hilwig
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - J T Hinke
- Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J Jahncke
- Point Blue Conservation Science, Petaluma, CA, USA
| | | | - T K Reiertsen
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), FRAM Centre, Tromsø, Norway
| | - H Renner
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - R B Sherley
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall, UK
| | - C Surman
- Halfmoon Biosciences, Ocean Beach, Western Australia, Australia
| | - G Taylor
- New Zealand Department of Conservation, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | | | - E Velarde
- Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - K Walker
- New Zealand Department of Conservation, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - S Wanless
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, UK
| | - P Warzybok
- Point Blue Conservation Science, Petaluma, CA, USA
| | - Y Watanuki
- Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan
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9
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Frost ER, Ford EA, Taylor G, Boeing S, Beckett EL, Roman SD, Lovell-Badge R, McLaughlin EA, Sutherland JM. Two alternative methods for the retrieval of somatic cell populations from the mouse ovary. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 27:6273354. [PMID: 33973015 PMCID: PMC8211868 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaab033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many modern techniques employed to uncover the molecular fundamentals underlying biological processes require dissociated cells as their starting point/substrate. Investigations into ovarian endocrinology or folliculogenesis, therefore, necessitate robust protocols for dissociating the ovary into its constituent cell populations. While in the mouse, methods to obtain individual, mature follicles are well-established, the separation and isolation of single cells of all types from early mouse follicles, including somatic cells, has been more challenging. Herein we present two methods for the isolation of somatic cells in the ovary. These methods are suitable for a range of applications relating to the study of folliculogenesis and mouse ovarian development. First, an enzymatic dissociation utilising collagenase and a temporary, primary cell culture step using neonatal mouse ovaries which yields large quantities of granulosa cells from primordial, activating, and primary follicles. Second, a rapid papain dissociation resulting in a high viability single cell suspension of ovarian somatic cells in less than an hour, which can be applied from embryonic to adult ovarian samples. Collectively these protocols can be applied to a broad array of investigations with unique advantages and benefits pertaining to both.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Frost
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science & Pharmacy and Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics Lab, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - E A Ford
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science & Pharmacy and Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - G Taylor
- Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics Lab, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - S Boeing
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Facility, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.,Scientific Computing-Digital Development Team, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - E L Beckett
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - S D Roman
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science & Pharmacy and Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Drug Development, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - R Lovell-Badge
- Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics Lab, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - E A McLaughlin
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science & Pharmacy and Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - J M Sutherland
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science & Pharmacy and Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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10
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Jones HG, Radwan RW, Sams E, Gibby M, Coomer W, Jeffries J, Codd RJ, Williams GL, Taylor G, Horwood J. Incidence and treatment of positive pelvic sidewall lymph nodes in patients with rectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:1560-1567. [PMID: 32506534 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM The involvement of pelvic sidewall (PSW) lymph nodes in rectal cancer is a marker of locally advanced disease and poor prognosis. Eastern countries generally advocate lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) over the Western approach of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and more limited surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate how these advanced cancers were treated in three UK Health Boards. METHODOLOGY This was a retrospective review of three colorectal multidisciplinary team meetings from 2008 to 2016. All patients with rectal cancer and suspicious PSW lymph nodes on pretreatment MRI were included. RESULTS There were 153 (6.2%) patients who met the inclusion criteria from a total of 2461 diagnosed rectal cancers. There was significant variability between the three centres with surgical intervention ranging from 59.2% to 84.4%, P = 0.015. There were 81 patients who had neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy prior to surgery; of these 67 (82.7%) still had positive PSW nodes on the restaging MRI, but only 13 (19.4%) had LLND. There was no difference in local recurrence (15.3% vs 11.8%, P = 0.66), 5-year overall survival (69.2% vs 80.1%, P = 0.16) or 5-year disease-free survival (69.2% vs 79.4%, P = 0.72) between patients having LLND and those receiving standard neoadjuvant treatment followed by total mesorectal excision surgery. CONCLUSIONS This study has demonstrated that rectal cancer patients with PSW positive nodal disease have advanced disease, mostly of the lower rectum, and receive a highly heterogeneous spectrum of therapies, even within a relatively small geographical area. Greater accuracy in our preoperative staging is needed to select those patients who will benefit from LLND surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Jones
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, UK
| | - R W Radwan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, UK
| | - E Sams
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, UK
| | - M Gibby
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, UK
| | - W Coomer
- Radiology Department, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - J Jeffries
- Radiology Department, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - R J Codd
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, UK
| | - G L Williams
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, UK
| | - G Taylor
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK
| | - J Horwood
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
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Klein K, Goron A, Taylor G, Roque D. Pap smear outcomes in HIV-positive women ≥65 years and HIV-negative matched controls. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Coulman KD, Nicholson A, Shaw A, Daykin A, Selman LE, Macefield R, Shorter GW, Cramer H, Sydes MR, Gamble C, Pick ME, Taylor G, Lane JA. Understanding and optimising patient and public involvement in trial oversight: an ethnographic study of eight clinical trials. Trials 2020; 21:543. [PMID: 32552907 PMCID: PMC7302397 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-04495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trial oversight is important for trial governance and conduct. Patients and/or lay members of the public are increasingly included in trial oversight committees, influenced by international patient and public involvement (PPI) initiatives to improve the quality and relevance of research. However, there is a lack of guidance on how to undertake PPI in trial oversight and tokenistic PPI remains an issue. This paper explores how PPI functions in existing trial oversight committees and provides recommendations to optimise PPI in future trials. This was part of a larger study investigating the role and function of oversight committees in trials facing challenges. METHODS Using an ethnographic study design, we observed oversight meetings of eight UK trials and conducted semi-structured interviews with members of their trial steering committees (TSCs) and trial management groups (TMGs) including public contributors, trial sponsors and funders. Thematic analysis of data was undertaken, with findings integrated to provide a multi-perspective account of how PPI functions in trial oversight. RESULTS Eight TSC and six TMG meetings from eight trials were observed, and 66 semi-structured interviews conducted with 52 purposively sampled oversight group members, including three public contributors. PPI was reported as beneficial in trial oversight, with public members contributing a patient voice and fulfilling a patient advocacy role. However, public contributors were not always active at oversight meetings and were sometimes felt to have a tokenistic role, with trialists reporting a lack of understanding of how to undertake PPI in trial oversight. To optimise PPI in trial oversight, the following areas were highlighted: the importance of planning effective strategies to recruit public contributors; considering the level of oversight and stage(s) of trial to include PPI; support for public contributors by the trial team between and during oversight meetings. CONCLUSIONS We present evidence-based recommendations to inform future PPI in trial oversight. Consideration should be given at trial design stage on how to recruit and involve public contributors within trial oversight, as well as support and mentorship for both public contributors and trialists (in how to undertake PPI effectively). Findings from this study further strengthen the evidence base on facilitating meaningful PPI within clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Coulman
- MRC ConDuCT-II Hub for Trials Methodology Research, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.
| | - A Nicholson
- MRC ConDuCT-II Hub for Trials Methodology Research, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - A Shaw
- MRC ConDuCT-II Hub for Trials Methodology Research, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - A Daykin
- MRC ConDuCT-II Hub for Trials Methodology Research, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - L E Selman
- MRC ConDuCT-II Hub for Trials Methodology Research, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - R Macefield
- MRC ConDuCT-II Hub for Trials Methodology Research, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - G W Shorter
- Centre for Improving Health Related Quality of Life, School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5BN, UK
| | - H Cramer
- MRC ConDuCT-II Hub for Trials Methodology Research, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - M R Sydes
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, WC1J 6JL, UK
- MRC London Hub for Trial Methodology Research, London, UK
| | - C Gamble
- MRC North West Hub for Trials Methodology Research, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - M E Pick
- Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - G Taylor
- Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - J A Lane
- MRC ConDuCT-II Hub for Trials Methodology Research, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
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13
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Taylor G, Donnison IS, Murphy-Bokern D, Morgante M, Bogeat-Triboulot MB, Bhalerao R, Hertzberg M, Polle A, Harfouche A, Alasia F, Petoussi V, Trebbi D, Schwarz K, Keurentjes JJB, Centritto M, Genty B, Flexas J, Grill E, Salvi S, Davies WJ. Sustainable bioenergy for climate mitigation: developing drought-tolerant trees and grasses. Ann Bot 2019; 124:513-520. [PMID: 31665761 PMCID: PMC6821384 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Bioenergy crops are central to climate mitigation strategies that utilize biogenic carbon, such as BECCS (bioenergy with carbon capture and storage), alongside the use of biomass for heat, power, liquid fuels and, in the future, biorefining to chemicals. Several promising lignocellulosic crops are emerging that have no food role - fast-growing trees and grasses - but are well suited as bioenergy feedstocks, including Populus, Salix, Arundo, Miscanthus, Panicum and Sorghum. SCOPE These promising crops remain largely undomesticated and, until recently, have had limited germplasm resources. In order to avoid competition with food crops for land and nature conservation, it is likely that future bioenergy crops will be grown on marginal land that is not needed for food production and is of poor quality and subject to drought stress. Thus, here we define an ideotype for drought tolerance that will enable biomass production to be maintained in the face of moderate drought stress. This includes traits that can readily be measured in wide populations of several hundred unique genotypes for genome-wide association studies, alongside traits that are informative but can only easily be assessed in limited numbers or training populations that may be more suitable for genomic selection. Phenotyping, not genotyping, is now the major bottleneck for progress, since in all lignocellulosic crops studied extensive use has been made of next-generation sequencing such that several thousand markers are now available and populations are emerging that will enable rapid progress for drought-tolerance breeding. The emergence of novel technologies for targeted genotyping by sequencing are particularly welcome. Genome editing has already been demonstrated for Populus and offers significant potential for rapid deployment of drought-tolerant crops through manipulation of ABA receptors, as demonstrated in Arabidopsis, with other gene targets yet to be tested. CONCLUSIONS Bioenergy is predicted to be the fastest-developing renewable energy over the coming decade and significant investment over the past decade has been made in developing genomic resources and in collecting wild germplasm from within the natural ranges of several tree and grass crops. Harnessing these resources for climate-resilient crops for the future remains a challenge but one that is likely to be successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - I S Donnison
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, UK
| | | | - M Morgante
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze, Udine, Italy
| | | | - R Bhalerao
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umea Plant Sciences Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea, Sweden
| | - M Hertzberg
- SweTree Technologies AB, SE-904 03 Umeå, Sweden
| | - A Polle
- Büsgen‐Institute, Department of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Georg‐August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Harfouche
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - F Alasia
- Franco Alasia Vivai, Strada Solerette, Savigliano, Italy
| | - V Petoussi
- Department of Sociology, University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece
| | - D Trebbi
- Geneticlab, Via Roveredo, Pordenone, Italy
| | - K Schwarz
- Julius Kühn‐Institut (JKI) Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen, Institute for Crop and Soil Science, Bundesallee 50, D‐38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - J J B Keurentjes
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Centritto
- Trees and Timber Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B Genty
- Aix-Marseille University, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR 7265, Saint Paul lez Durance, France
| | - J Flexas
- Research Group on Plant Biology under Mediterranean Conditions, Departament de Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Carretera de Valldemossa, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - E Grill
- Lehrstuhl für Botanik, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - S Salvi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin, Bologna, Italy
| | - W J Davies
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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Pender A, Titmuss E, Pleasance E, Fan K, Pearson H, Bonakdar M, Taylor G, Mungall K, Moore R, Lavoie JM, Yip S, Lim H, Renouf D, Jones S, Marra M, Laskin J. Predictive markers of checkpoint inhibitor activity in adult metastatic solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz253.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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15
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Wainwright E, Looseley A, Mouton R, O'Connor M, Taylor G, Cook TM. Stress, burnout, depression and work satisfaction among
UK
anaesthetic trainees: a qualitative analysis of in‐depth participant interviews in the Satisfaction and Wellbeing in Anaesthetic Training study. Anaesthesia 2019; 74:1240-1251. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.14694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Wainwright
- Bath Spa University Bath UK
- University of Bath BathUK
| | | | | | - M. O'Connor
- Severn Postgraduate Medical Education Bristol UK
- Swindon and Marlborough NHS Trust Swindon UK
| | | | - T. M. Cook
- Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust Bath UK
- Bristol Medical School University of Bristol UK
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16
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Looseley A, Wainwright E, Cook T, Bell V, Hoskins S, O'Connor M, Taylor G, Mouton R. Stress, burnout, depression and work satisfaction among
UK
anaesthetic trainees; a quantitative analysis of the Satisfaction and Wellbeing in Anaesthetic Training study. Anaesthesia 2019; 74:1231-1239. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.14681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - E. Wainwright
- Bath Spa University Honorary Research Fellow University of Bath BathUK
| | - T.M. Cook
- Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust BathUK
- Bristol Medical School University of Bristol UK
| | - V. Bell
- Bristol School of Anaesthesia BristolUK
| | | | - M. O'Connor
- Severn Postgraduate Medical Education Bristol UK
- Swindon and Marlborough NHS Trust UK
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Udintsev V, Danani S, Taylor G, Giacomin T, Guirao J, Pak S, Hughes S, Worth L, Vayakis G, Walsh M, Schneider M, Pandya H, Kumar R, Kumar V, Jha S, Thomas S, Padasalagi SB, Kumar S, Phillips PE, Rowan WL, Austin M, Khodak A, Feder R, Neilson H, Basile A, Hubbard AE, Saxena A, Nazare C, Maquet P, Gimbert N. Progress in ITER ECE Diagnostic Design and Integration. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201920303003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ITER Electron Cyclotron Emission (ECE) diagnostic is progressing towards its Preliminary Design Review (PDR). In parallel, the diagnostic integration in the Equatorial Port is ongoing. Port Integration has to address the structural integrity to withstand various loads, maintenance and the safety aspects of ECE diagnostic. The ITER ECE system includes radial and oblique lines-of-sight. Recently, a successful peer-review of the in-port plug Hot Calibration Source has taken place and its performance and integration feasibility has been demonstrated. Four 45-meter long low-loss transmission lines are designed to transmit mm-wave power in the frequency range of 70- 1000 GHz in both X- and O-mode polarization from the port plug to the ECE instrumentation room in the diagnostic building. Prototype transmission lines are being tested [1]. A prototype polarizing Martin-Puplett type Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) operating in the frequency range 70-1000 GHz, has a fast scanning mechanism and a cryo-cooled dual-channel THz detector system. Its performance has been tested as per ITER requirements. Assessment of the instrumentation and control requirements, functional and non-functional requirements, operation procedures, plant automation are ongoing for the PDR. The current status of the diagnostic, together with integration activities, is presented.
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18
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Kumar R, Danani S, Pandya H, Vaghashiya P, Udintsev V, Taylor G, Austin M, Kumar V. Comparative studies of various types of transmission lines in the frequency range 70 GHz 1 THz for ITER ECE diagnostic. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201920304009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In ITER, an Electron Cyclotron Emission (ECE) diagnostic is planned to measure the electron temperature by measuring the cyclotron radiation in the frequency range of 70-1000 GHz. The cyclotron radiation is usually of low power and needs to be transported with low attenuation over a long distance of ~ 43 m, through a suitable transmission system. Pertaining to long distance, the transmission system will consist of straight waveguide sections, miter bends and waveguide joints. Low power, low loss transmission in a broadband frequency range over long distance makes the design of the transmission system challenging. To arrive at a suitable transmission system, attenuation measurements of three types of transmission lines (TLs) have been performed i.e. circular smooth walled, corrugated and dielectric coated waveguide. A polarizing Michelson interferometer based on Martin-Puplett design has been used to measure the spectrum from waveguide set ups and liquid nitrogen has been used as the black body radiation source. The measured spectrum shows atmospheric water vapour absorption lines in all types of TLs. The preliminary measurement shows that the attenuation of smooth walled waveguide is found to be comparable to corrugated waveguide up to ~ 600GHz and better than corrugated waveguide above 600 GHz for the chosen set of experimental conditions. Further, to avoid water absorption lines, a smooth walled TL is evacuated up to rough vacuum (~10-2mbar) and it was observed that the attenuation is decreased and overall transmission is improved.
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Zimmerman S, Ceballes S, Taylor G, Chang B, Jung S, Abdelkefi A. Nonlinear modeling and experimental verification of Gannet-inspired beam systems during diving. Bioinspir Biomim 2019; 14:026002. [PMID: 30562725 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/aaf98c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A nonlinear model is proposed to answer at which diving speeds and beak angles will cause injury to Gannet-inspired beam systems during plunge-diving. In doing so, the critical velocities at which buckling occurs with various types of boundary conditions are first obtained for vertical dives and the resulting forces at the point of impact are determined. The Gannet-inspired system is modeled as an Euler-Bernoulli beam to represent the neck and body of the Gannet, while the head of the Gannet is modeled as a cone with varying half-angles. The experimental investigations of Gannet-like diving systems are first introduced to present the varying parameters and assumptions of the simplified model. Next, the resulting forces during impact are investigated and a study is conducted to compare various approximations of the drag coefficient for the cone-shaped head. Considering the mid-plane stretching nonlinearity, the equations of motion for the structural system under various types of boundary conditions are derived using the Hamilton's principle. The characteristic equations, buckled configurations, and critical velocities are determined for each set of boundary conditions. The results show that the system with the smallest half-beak angle and thus the lowest drag force and beam length delays the critical velocity and is most representative of a Gannet during diving. The obtained results demonstrate great agreement with the conducted experiments. For clamped-clamped boundary conditions, the critical velocity is found to be the greatest because of the increased stability at both ends of the beam. It is also noted that a nonlinear approximation for the coefficient of drag offers the best fit with the provided experimental values when compared to a hyperbolic tangent approximation, which predicts the coefficient of drag to be less than that obtained in experiments, and thus predicts that the systems will buckle at higher velocities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zimmerman
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, United States of America
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20
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Lacambra M, Loong H, To K, Feng X, Taylor G, Pleasance E, Laskin J, Marra M, Griffith J, Yeung H, Wong KC, Chow C, Kumta S, Ng W, Tse T, Tong C, Ng T. FUS-NFATc2 sarcoma of bone, a novel molecular entity with aggressive behavior: Clinical and molecular pathology findings of two cases. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy443.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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21
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Alho R, Sanalla A, Taylor G. Assessing the rate of surgical site infection in neck of femur fractures. Int J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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22
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King S, Thompson S, Taylor G, Malesic L, George E, Tierney A. P185 The feasibility and applicability of the Healthy Eating Index for Australian Adults (HEIFA-2013) score for dietary assessment in adults with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(18)30480-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Derges J, Kidger J, Fox F, Campbell R, Kaner E, Taylor G, McMahon C, Reeves L, Hickman M. 'DrinkThink' alcohol screening and brief intervention for young people: a qualitative evaluation of training and implementation. J Public Health (Oxf) 2018; 40:381-388. [PMID: 28977388 PMCID: PMC6053838 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdx090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alcohol Screening and Brief Intervention (ASBI) helps reduce risky drinking in adults, but less is known about its effectiveness with young people. This article explores implementation of DrinkThink, an ASBI co-produced with young people, by health, youth and social care professionals trained in its delivery. Methods A qualitative evaluation was conducted using focus groups with 33 staff trained to deliver DrinkThink, and eight interviews with trained participants and service managers. These were recorded, transcribed and a thematic analysis undertaken. Results DrinkThink was not delivered fully by health, youth or social care agencies. The reasons for this varied by setting but included: the training staff received, a working culture that was ill-suited to the intervention, staff attitudes towards alcohol which prioritized other health problems presented by young people, over alcohol use. Conclusions Implementation was limited because staff had not been involved in the design and planning of DrinkThink. Staffs’ perceptions of alcohol problems in young people and the diverse cultures in which they work were subsequently not accounted for in the design. Co-producing youth focused ASBIs with the professionals expected to deliver them, and the young people whom they target, may ensure greater success in integrating them into working practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Derges
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - J Kidger
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - F Fox
- University Hospital Bristol, NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - R Campbell
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - E Kaner
- Institute of Health & Society, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - G Taylor
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - C McMahon
- B&NES Council Public Health, Bath, UK
| | | | - M Hickman
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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24
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Jones S, Haulena M, Taylor G, Corbett R, Slack G, Mungall A, Mungall K, Coope R, Ma Y, Jones S. PO-222 Molecular characterisation of low grade lymphoma in northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni). ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Willington
- Department of Gastroenterology, Christchurch Hospital, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - G Taylor
- Southern Community Laboratories, Nelson, New Zealand
| | - J White
- Southern Community Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - R B Gearry
- Department of Gastroenterology, Christchurch Hospital, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand.,University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Abstract
Multiple issues need to be addressed in order to control the HIV pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa. Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is key to reducing morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV and has a role in preventing HIV transmission. However, access to cART is very unevenly distributed globally, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Although cost of cART is no longer a major barrier as effective treatment can be had for under US$100 per year, HIV management is compromised by the inadequate number of trained clinicians, the lack of clinical and laboratory infrastructure and the increased prevalence of co-morbidities (e.g., tuberculosis). To address this disparity, a number of initiatives have been undertaken. One of these was the development of the Infectious Diseases Institute (IDI) at Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. The goals of the IDI are the clinical care of people living with HIV, clinical research relevant to Uganda (in particular) and sub-Saharan Africa, and clinical training. My initial participation was as a trainer in a program to educate large numbers of clinicians in antiretroviral therapy and other aspects of HIV/AIDS management, with the intention that they become leaders of large clinical programs in their home communities. Major progress has been made in providing access to cART, and HIV/AIDS mortality and incidence of new cases is decreasing. Nevertheless, to reach the World Health Organization 90-90-90 targets by 2020, there remains a need to expand services and develop novel approaches to HIV management. In addition to providing hands-on clinical care, Canadian health care providers can help by transferring clinical skills to local clinicians or by developing streamlined clinical paradigms or new technologies for long-term HIV management in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Taylor
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
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O'Neil CR, Taylor G, Smith S, Joffe AM, Antonation K, Shafran S, Kunimoto D. Mycobacterium chimaera Infection After Aortic Valve Replacement Presenting With Aortic Dissection and Pseudoaneurysm. Open Forum Infect Dis 2018; 5:ofy018. [PMID: 29479551 PMCID: PMC5814969 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofy018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a case of Mycobacterium chimaera infection presenting with aortic dissection and pseudoaneuysm in a 22-year-old man with a past history of aortic valve replacement. Clinicians should consider M. chimaera infection in those presenting with aortic dissection as a late complication of cardiovascular surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R O'Neil
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - G Taylor
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Infection Prevention and Control, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - S Smith
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Infection Prevention and Control, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A M Joffe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Infection Prevention and Control, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - K Antonation
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - S Shafran
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - D Kunimoto
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Hawryluk R, Barnes CW, Batha S, Beer M, Bell M, Bell R, Berk H, Bitter M, Bretz N, Budny R, Bush C, Cauffman S, Chang CS, Chang Z, Cheng C, Darrow D, Dendy R, Dorland W, Dudek L, Duong H, Durst R, Efthimion P, Evenson H, Fisch N, Fisher R, Fonck R, Forrest C, Fredrickson E, Fu G, Furth H, Gorelenkov N, Grek B, Grisham L, Hammett G, Heidbrink W, Herrmann H, Herrmann M, Hill K, Hooper B, Hosea J, Houlberg W, Hughes M, Jassby D, Jobes F, Johnson D, Kaita R, Kamperschroer J, Kesner J, Krazilniknov A, Kugel H, Kumar A, LaMarche P, LeBlanc B, Levine J, Levinton F, Lin Z, Machuzak J, Majeski R, Mansfield D, Mazzucato E, Mauel M, McChesney J, McGuire K, McKee G, Meade D, Medley S, Mikkelsen D, Mimov S, Mueller D, Navratil G, Nazikian R, Nevins B, Okabayashi M, Osakabe M, Owens D, Park H, Park W, Paul S, Petrov M, Phillips C, Phillips M, Phillips P, Ramsey A, Redi M, Rewoldt G, Rice B, Rogers J, Roquemore A, Ruskov E, Sabbagh S, Sasao M, Schilling G, Schmidt G, Scott S, Semenov I, Skinner C, Spong D, Strachan J, Strait E, Stratton B, Synakowski E, Takahashi H, Tang W, Taylor G, Goeler SV, Halle AV, White R, Williams M, Wilson J, Wong K, Wurden G, Young K, Zarnstorff M, Zweben S. Review of D-T Results from TFTR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.13182/fst96-a11963011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Taylor G, Warren S, Dwivedi S, Sommerville M, Mello L, Orevillo C, Maes A, Martin UJ, Usmani OS. Gamma scintigraphic pulmonary deposition study of glycopyrronium/formoterol metered dose inhaler formulated using co-suspension delivery technology. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 111:450-457. [PMID: 29055732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This gamma scintigraphy imaging study was the first to assess pulmonary and extrathoracic deposition and regional lung deposition patterns of a radiolabelled long-acting muscarinic antagonist/long-acting β2-agonist fixed-dose combination glycopyrronium/formoterol fumarate dihydrate (GFF) 14.4/10μg (equivalent to glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate 18/9.6μg), delivered by pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) using novel co-suspension delivery technology. In this Phase I, randomized, single-centre, single-blind, single-dose, two-treatment, crossover, placebo-controlled study (PT003020), 10 healthy male adults received two actuations of GFF pMDI (7.2/5.0μg per actuation) and placebo pMDI (containing phospholipid-based porous particles without active pharmaceutical ingredient), both radiolabelled with 99mTc, up to 5MBq per actuation. Gamma scintigraphy images of lungs, stomach, head and neck were recorded. In addition, images of the actuators after use, collected mouth washings and exhalation filters were acquired. On average, 38.4% of the emitted dose of radiolabelled GFF pMDI, and 32.8% of radiolabelled placebo pMDI, was deposited in the lungs. The percentage emitted dose detected in the oropharyngeal and stomach regions was 61.4% and 66.9% for radiolabelled GFF pMDI and placebo pMDI, respectively. For both treatments, ≤0.25% of the emitted dose was detected in the exhalation filter. The normalized outer/inner ratio was 0.57 and 0.59 for radiolabelled GFF pMDI and placebo pMDI, respectively, and the standardized central/peripheral ratio was 1.85 and 1.94 respectively, indicating delivery of both co-suspension delivery technology formulations throughout the airways. There were no new or unexpected safety findings. In conclusion, both formulations were efficiently and uniformly deposited in the lungs with similar regional deposition patterns, oropharyngeal and stomach deposition, exhalation fraction and actuator-recovered dose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chad Orevillo
- Former employee of Pearl Therapeutics Inc., Morristown, NJ, USA
| | - Andrea Maes
- Pearl Therapeutics Inc., Morristown, NJ, USA
| | | | - Omar S Usmani
- National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
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Stamp LK, Haslett J, Frampton C, White D, Gardner D, Stebbings S, Taylor G, Grainger R, Kumar R, Kumar S, Kain T, Porter D, Corkill M, Cathro A, Metcalfe S, Wyeth J, Dalbeth N. The safety and efficacy of benzbromarone in gout in Aotearoa New Zealand. Intern Med J 2017; 46:1075-80. [PMID: 27391386 DOI: 10.1111/imj.13173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzbromarone is a potent uricosuric but is not widely available due to concerns about hepatotoxicity. In Aotearoa New Zealand, benzbromarone has been available since April 2013, subject to funding restrictions, for patients with inadequate urate-lowering response or intolerance to allopurinol and probenecid. AIM To assess the safety and efficacy of benzbromarone in a real-life setting. METHODS All patients who received funding for benzbromarone from 1 April 2013 to 30 September 2014 were identified. Prescribers were sent a questionnaire for each individual. Information on demographics, efficacy of previous urate-lowering drugs and reasons for discontinuation were collected. Specific information about the dose, effect on serum urate, adverse effects and liver function tests after commencing benzbromarone was recorded. RESULTS Completed questionnaires were returned for 123 of 164 (75%) patients. Mean (SD) serum urate prior to benzbromarone was 0.57 (0.12) mmol/L, and estimated glomerular filtration rate was 50.3 (22.8) mL/min/1.73 m(2) . The median dose of benzbromarone was 100 mg/day (25-200 mg/day). Six months after commencing benzbromarone, mean (SD) serum urate was 0.35 (0.12) mmol/L. Benzbromarone-related adverse events included rash (n = 4), diarrhoea (n = 9), nausea (n = 6) and urate stones (n = 3). Liver function test abnormalities were uncommon and tended to be mild. There were 14 patient deaths; none was considered related to benzbromarone. Allopurinol had been prescribed prior to benzbromarone in 117 of 123 patients; median maximum allopurinol dose was 200 mg/day (range 25-600 mg/day), and 19% patients received allopurinol >300 mg/day. CONCLUSION Benzbromarone provides useful urate-lowering efficacy and does not appear unsafe in patients with gout. Urate-lowering therapy prescribing requires further optimisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Stamp
- Deparment of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - J Haslett
- Deparment of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - C Frampton
- Deparment of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - D White
- Department of Rheumatology, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - D Gardner
- Department of Rheumatology, Hawkes Bay DHB, Napier, New Zealand
| | - S Stebbings
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - G Taylor
- Department of Rheumatology, Whanganui Hospital, Whanganui, New Zealand
| | - R Grainger
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - R Kumar
- Department of Rheumatology, Taranaki Hospital, New Plymouth, New Zealand
| | - S Kumar
- Department of Rheumatology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - T Kain
- Deparment of Rheumatology, Tauranga Hospital, Tauranga, New Zealand
| | - D Porter
- Nelson Hospital, Nelson, New Zealand
| | - M Corkill
- North Shore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - A Cathro
- Pharmaceutical Management Agency (PHARMAC), Wellington, New Zealand
| | - S Metcalfe
- Pharmaceutical Management Agency (PHARMAC), Wellington, New Zealand
| | - J Wyeth
- Pharmaceutical Management Agency (PHARMAC), Wellington, New Zealand
| | - N Dalbeth
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Murakami M, Arunasalam V, Bell J, Bell M, Bitter M, Blanchard W, Boody F, Boyd D, Bretz N, Bush C, Callen J, Cecchi J, Colchin R, Coonrod J, Davis S, Dimock D, Dylla H, Efthimion P, Emerson L, England A, Eubank H, Fonck R, Fredrickson E, Furth H, Grisham L, von Goeler S, Goldston R, Grek B, Grove D, Hawryluk R, Hendel H, Hill K, Hulse R, Johnson D, Johnson L, Kaita R, Kamperschroer J, Kaye S, Kikuchi M, Kilpatrick S, Kugel H, LaMarche P, Little R, Ma C, Manos D, Mansfield D, McCarthy M, McCann R, McCune D, McGuire K, Meade D, Medley S, Mikkelsen D, Mueller D, Nieschmidt E, Owens D, Pare V, Park H, Prichard B, Ramsey A, Rasmussen D, Roquemore A, Rutherford P, Sauthoff N, Schivell J, Schwob JL, Scott S, Sesnic S, Shimada M, Simpkins J, Sinnis J, Stauffer F, Stratton B, Suckewer S, Tait G, Taylor G, Tenney F, Thomas C, Towner H, Ulrickson M, Wieland R, Williams M, Wong KL, Wouters A, Yamada H, Yoshikawa S, Young K, Zarnstorff M. Confinement Studies In TFTR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst85-a40115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Murakami
- Permanent Address: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - V. Arunasalam
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - J.D. Bell
- Permanent Address: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - M.G. Bell
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - M. Bitter
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - W.R. Blanchard
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - F. Boody
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - D. Boyd
- Permanent Address: University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - N. Bretz
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - C.E. Bush
- Permanent Address: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - J.D. Callen
- Permanent Address: University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - J.L. Cecchi
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - R.J. Colchin
- Permanent Address: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - J. Coonrod
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - S.L. Davis
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - D. Dimock
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - H.F. Dylla
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - P.C. Efthimion
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - L.C. Emerson
- Permanent Address: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - A.C. England
- Permanent Address: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - H.P. Eubank
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - R. Fonck
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - E. Fredrickson
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - H.P. Furth
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - L.R. Grisham
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - S. von Goeler
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - R.J. Goldston
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - B. Grek
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - D.J. Grove
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - R.J. Hawryluk
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - H. Hendel
- Permanent Address: RCA David Sarnoff Research Center, Princeton, NJ
| | - K.W. Hill
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - R. Hulse
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - D. Johnson
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - L.C. Johnson
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - R. Kaita
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - J. Kamperschroer
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - S.M. Kaye
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - M. Kikuchi
- Permanent Address: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Japan
| | - S. Kilpatrick
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - H. Kugel
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - P.H. LaMarche
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - R. Little
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - C.H. Ma
- Permanent Address: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - D. Manos
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - D. Mansfield
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - M. McCarthy
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - R.T. McCann
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - D.C. McCune
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - K. McGuire
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - D.M. Meade
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - S.S. Medley
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - D.R. Mikkelsen
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - D. Mueller
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | | | - D.K. Owens
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - V.K. Pare
- Permanent Address: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - H. Park
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - B. Prichard
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - A. Ramsey
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - D.A. Rasmussen
- Permanent Address: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - A.L. Roquemore
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - P.H. Rutherford
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - N.R. Sauthoff
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - J. Schivell
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - J-L. Schwob
- Permanent Address: Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - S.D Scott
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - S. Sesnic
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - M. Shimada
- Permanent Address: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Japan
| | - J.E. Simpkins
- Permanent Address: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - J. Sinnis
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - F. Stauffer
- Permanent Address: University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - B. Stratton
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - S. Suckewer
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - G.D. Tait
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - G. Taylor
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - F. Tenney
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - C.E. Thomas
- Permanent Address: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - H.H. Towner
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - M. Ulrickson
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - R. Wieland
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - M. Williams
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - K-L. Wong
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - A. Wouters
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - H. Yamada
- Permanent Address: Univeristy of Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. Yoshikawa
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - K.M Young
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - M.C. Zarnstorff
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08544
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Hawryluk RJ, Mueller D, Hosea J, Barnes CW, Beer M, Bell MG, Bell R, Biglari H, Bitter M, Boivin R, Bretz NL, Budny R, Bush CE, Chen L, Cheng CZ, Cowley S, Dairow DS, Efthimion PC, Fonck RJ, Fredrickson E, Furth HP, Greene G, Grek B, Grisham LR, Hammett G, Heidbrink W, Hill KW, Hoffman D, Hulse RA, Hsuan H, Janos A, Jassby DL, Jobes FC, Johnson DW, Johnson LC, Kamperschroer J, Kesner J, Phillips CK, Kilpatrick SJ, Kugel H, LaMarche PH, LeBlanc B, Manos DM, Mansfield DK, Marmar ES, Mazzucato E, McCarthy MP, Machuzak J, Mauel M, McCune D, McGuire KM, Medley SS, Monticello DR, Mikkelsen D, Nagayama Y, Navratil GA, Nazikian R, Owens DK, Park H, Park W, Paul S, Perkins F, Pitcher S, Rasmussen D, Redi MH, Rewoldt G, Roberts D, Roquemore AL, Sabbagh S, Schilling G, Schivell J, Schmidt GL, Scott SD, Snipes J, Stevens J, Stratton BC, Strachan JD, Stodiek W, Synakowski E, Tang W, Taylor G, Terry J, Timberlake JR, Ulrickson HH, Towner M, von Goeler S, Wieland R, Wilson JR, Wong KL, Woskov P, Yamada M, Young KM, Zamstorff MC, Zweben SJ. Status and Plans for TFTR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst92-a29907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. J. Hawryluk
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - D. Mueller
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - J. Hosea
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | | | - M. Beer
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - M. G. Bell
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - R. Bell
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - H. Biglari
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - M. Bitter
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - R. Boivin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - N. L. Bretz
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - R. Budny
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - C. E. Bush
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - L. Chen
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - C. Z. Cheng
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - S. Cowley
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - D. S. Dairow
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - P. C. Efthimion
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | | | - E. Fredrickson
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - H. P. Furth
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - G. Greene
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - B. Grek
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - L. R. Grisham
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - G. Hammett
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | | | - K. W. Hill
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - D. Hoffman
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - R. A. Hulse
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - H. Hsuan
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - A. Janos
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - D. L. Jassby
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - F. C. Jobes
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - D. W. Johnson
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - L. C. Johnson
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - J. Kamperschroer
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - J. Kesner
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - C. K. Phillips
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - S. J. Kilpatrick
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - H. Kugel
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - P. H. LaMarche
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - B. LeBlanc
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - D. M. Manos
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - D. K. Mansfield
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - E. S. Marmar
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - E. Mazzucato
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - M. P. McCarthy
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - J. Machuzak
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - M. Mauel
- Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - D.C. McCune
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - K. M. McGuire
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - S. S. Medley
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - D. R. Monticello
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - D. Mikkelsen
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | | | | | - R. Nazikian
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - D. K. Owens
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - H. Park
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - W. Park
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - S. Paul
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - F. Perkins
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - S. Pitcher
- Canadian Fusion Fuels Technology Project, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - M. H. Redi
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - G. Rewoldt
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | | | - A. L. Roquemore
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | | | - G. Schilling
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - J. Schivell
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - G. L. Schmidt
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - S. D. Scott
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - J. Snipes
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - J. Stevens
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - B. C. Stratton
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - J. D. Strachan
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - W. Stodiek
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - E. Synakowski
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - W. Tang
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - G. Taylor
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - J. Terry
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - J. R. Timberlake
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - H. H. Ulrickson
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - M. Towner
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - S. von Goeler
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - R. Wieland
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - J. R. Wilson
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - K. L. Wong
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - P. Woskov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - M. Yamada
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - K. M. Young
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - M. C. Zamstorff
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
| | - S. J. Zweben
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University P.O. Box 451 Princeton, N.J. 08543 USA (609) 243-3306
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Perkins R, Hosea J, Jaworski M, Bell R, Bertelli N, Kramer G, Roquemore L, Taylor G, Wilson J. The role of rectified currents in far-field RF sheaths and in SOL losses of HHFW power on NSTX. Nuclear Materials and Energy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Taylor G, Austin ME, Basile A, Beno JH, Danani S, Feder R, Houshmandyar S, Hubbard AE, Johnson DW, Khodak A, Kumar R, Kumar S, Ouroua A, Padasalagi SB, Pandya HKB, Phillips PE, Rowan WL, Stillerman J, Thomas S, Udintsev VS, Vayakis G, Walsh M, Weeks D. Update on the status of the ITER ECE diagnostic design. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201714702003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Martin AC, Houssany-Pissot S, Zlotnik D, Taylor G, Godier A. [Management of the bleeding risk associated with antiplatelet agents]. Rev Med Interne 2017; 38:467-473. [PMID: 28528236 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Like all antithrombotic drugs, antiplatelet agents expose to a risk of bleeding complications. Clinical research has extensively focused on the efficacy of these drugs to reduce ischemic events. The bleeding risk associated with them was solely considered as an inevitable and acceptable complication. When two new potent P2Y12-receptor inhibitors, prasugrel and ticagrelor, were marketed, the risk of major bleeding increased. These new agents have modified the balance between the absolute risk reduction in ischemic events and the absolute risk increase in bleeding events. This paper is an update on the bleeding risk assessment associated with antiplatelet agents. It discusses the place of platelet function monitoring, and the optimal management of bleeding complications. It addresses the challenging issue of reversal of antiplatelet therapy, focusing especially on ticagrelor, which pharmacodynamics complicate bleeding management.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-C Martin
- Service de cardiologie, hôpital d'instruction des armées Percy, 92140 Clamart, France; Inserm UMRS 1140, faculté de pharmacie, université Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France.
| | - S Houssany-Pissot
- Service de cardiologie, hôpital d'instruction des armées Percy, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - D Zlotnik
- Inserm UMRS 1140, faculté de pharmacie, université Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France
| | - G Taylor
- Service d'anesthésie réanimation, fondation Adolphe-de-Rothschild, 75019 Paris, France
| | - A Godier
- Inserm UMRS 1140, faculté de pharmacie, université Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France; Service d'anesthésie réanimation, fondation Adolphe-de-Rothschild, 75019 Paris, France
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Hiirola A, Pirkola S, Karukivi M, Markkula N, Bagby RM, Joukamaa M, Jula A, Kronholm E, Saarijärvi S, Salminen JK, Suvisaari J, Taylor G, Mattila AK. An evaluation of the absolute and relative stability of alexithymia over 11years in a Finnish general population. J Psychosom Res 2017; 95:81-87. [PMID: 28314554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated if alexithymia, a personality construct with difficulties in emotional processing, is stable in the general population. METHODS Altogether 3083 unselected subjects aged 30 and older in Finland completed the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) in the longitudinal Health 2000 and Health 2011 general population surveys (BRIF8901). The stability of alexithymia at the 11-year follow-up was assessed with t-tests, correlations, and separate linear regression models with base-line and follow-up age, gender, marital status, education, and 12-month depressive and anxiety disorders as confounders. RESULTS The mean score (SD) of the TAS-20 for the whole sample was 44.2 (10.4) in 2000 and 44.2 (10.9) in 2011 (p=0.731). The mean score of the TAS-20 subscale Difficulty Identifying Feelings increased by 0.3 points, Difficulty Describing Feelings decreased by 0.6 points and Externally Oriented Thinking increased by 0.3 points. The effect sizes of the changes varied from negligible to small. Age had little effect except for the group of the oldest subjects (75-97years): the TAS-20 mean (SD) score was 49.1 (10.1) in 2000 and 53.1 (10.3) in 2011 (p<0.001), the effect size for the increase was medium. TAS-20 score in 2000 explained a significant proportion of variance in TAS-20 score in 2011. Controlling for all baseline confounders improved the model incrementally; the same applied to controlling for confounders at follow-up. Baseline depression or anxiety disorders were not associated with the TAS-20 scores in 2011, whereas current diagnoses were. CONCLUSIONS According to our large longitudinal study both the absolute and relative stability of alexithymia assessed with the TAS-20 are high in the adult general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hiirola
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
| | - S Pirkola
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - M Karukivi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Unit of Adolescent Psychiatry, Satakunta Hospital District, Pori, Finland
| | - N Markkula
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mental Health Unit, Helsinki, Finland; Faculty of Medicine, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - R M Bagby
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - M Joukamaa
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - A Jula
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Turku, Finland
| | - E Kronholm
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Helsinki, Finland; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Saarijärvi
- Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Unit of Adolescent Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - J K Salminen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - J Suvisaari
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mental Health Unit, Helsinki, Finland
| | - G Taylor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto and Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - A K Mattila
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - H. Park
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey
| | | | - G. Taylor
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - C. X. Yu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Himaya
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and of Pathology; The Riverside Hospital of Ottawa; Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - P. Fournier
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and of Pathology; The Riverside Hospital of Ottawa; Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - A. Nuyens
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and of Pathology; The Riverside Hospital of Ottawa; Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - G. Taylor
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and of Pathology; The Riverside Hospital of Ottawa; Ottawa Ontario Canada
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Dargazanli C, Consoli A, Barral M, Labreuche J, Redjem H, Ciccio G, Smajda S, Desilles JP, Taylor G, Preda C, Coskun O, Rodesch G, Piotin M, Blanc R, Lapergue B. Impact of Modified TICI 3 versus Modified TICI 2b Reperfusion Score to Predict Good Outcome following Endovascular Therapy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 38:90-96. [PMID: 27811134 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The TICI score is widely used to evaluate cerebral perfusion before and after the endovascular treatment of stroke. Recent studies showing the effectiveness and safety of mechanical thrombectomy combine modified TICI 2b and modified TICI 3 to assess the technical success of endovascular treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine how much clinical outcomes differ between patients achieving modified TICI 2b and modified TICI 3 reperfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed 222 consecutive patients with acute large intracranial artery occlusion of the anterior circulation having achieved modified TICI 2b or modified TICI 3 reperfusion after thrombectomy. The primary end point was the rate of favorable outcome defined as the achievement of a modified Rankin Scale score of 0-2 at 3 months. RESULTS Patients with modified TICI 3 more often had favorable collateral circulation and atherosclerosis etiology, with a shorter time from onset to reperfusion than patients with modified TICI 2b (all P < .05). The number of total passes to achieve reperfusion was higher in the modified TICI 2b group (median, 2; interquartile range, 1-3, 1-9) versus (median, 1; interquartile range, 1-2, 1-8) in the modified TICI 3 group (P = .0002). Favorable outcome was reached more often for patients with modified TICI 3 than for those with modified TICI 2b (71.7% versus 50.5%, P = .001), with a similar difference when considering excellent outcome. In addition, patients with modified TICI 3 had a lower intracerebral hemorrhage rate (23.0% versus 45.0%, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Patients with modified TICI 3 reperfusion have better functional outcomes than those with modified TICI 2b. Given the improving reperfusion rates obtained with thrombectomy devices, future thrombectomy trials should consider modified TICI 2b and modified TICI 3 status separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dargazanli
- From the Departments of Interventional Neuroradiology (C.D., M.B., H.R., G.C., S.S., J.P.D., M.P., R.B.)
| | - A Consoli
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.C., O.C., G.R.)
| | - M Barral
- From the Departments of Interventional Neuroradiology (C.D., M.B., H.R., G.C., S.S., J.P.D., M.P., R.B.)
| | - J Labreuche
- Department of Biostatistics (J.L.), University of Lille, Epidémiologie et Qualité des Soins, Lille, France
| | - H Redjem
- From the Departments of Interventional Neuroradiology (C.D., M.B., H.R., G.C., S.S., J.P.D., M.P., R.B.)
| | - G Ciccio
- From the Departments of Interventional Neuroradiology (C.D., M.B., H.R., G.C., S.S., J.P.D., M.P., R.B.)
| | - S Smajda
- From the Departments of Interventional Neuroradiology (C.D., M.B., H.R., G.C., S.S., J.P.D., M.P., R.B.)
| | - J P Desilles
- From the Departments of Interventional Neuroradiology (C.D., M.B., H.R., G.C., S.S., J.P.D., M.P., R.B.)
| | - G Taylor
- Anesthesiology and Reanimation (G.T.), Rothschild Foundation, Paris, France
| | - C Preda
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques Paul Painlevé (C.P.), Lille, France
| | - O Coskun
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.C., O.C., G.R.)
| | - G Rodesch
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.C., O.C., G.R.)
| | - M Piotin
- From the Departments of Interventional Neuroradiology (C.D., M.B., H.R., G.C., S.S., J.P.D., M.P., R.B.)
| | - R Blanc
- From the Departments of Interventional Neuroradiology (C.D., M.B., H.R., G.C., S.S., J.P.D., M.P., R.B.)
| | - B Lapergue
- Division of Neurology, Stroke Center (B.L.), Foch Hospital, Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Suresnes, France
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Rowan WL, Houshmandyar S, Phillips PE, Austin ME, Beno JH, Hubbard AE, Khodak A, Ouroua A, Taylor G. Physics design of the in-vessel collection optics for the ITER electron cyclotron emission diagnostic. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11E132. [PMID: 27910318 DOI: 10.1063/1.4960420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Measurement of the electron cyclotron emission (ECE) is one of the primary diagnostics for electron temperature in ITER. In-vessel, in-vacuum, and quasi-optical antennas capture sufficient ECE to achieve large signal to noise with microsecond temporal resolution and high spatial resolution while maintaining polarization fidelity. Two similar systems are required. One views the plasma radially. The other is an oblique view. Both views can be used to measure the electron temperature, while the oblique is also sensitive to non-thermal distortion in the bulk electron distribution. The in-vacuum optics for both systems are subject to degradation as they have a direct view of the ITER plasma and will not be accessible for cleaning or replacement for extended periods. Blackbody radiation sources are provided for in situ calibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Rowan
- Institute for Fusion Studies, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - S Houshmandyar
- Institute for Fusion Studies, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - P E Phillips
- Institute for Fusion Studies, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - M E Austin
- Institute for Fusion Studies, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J H Beno
- Center for Electromechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - A E Hubbard
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Khodak
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - A Ouroua
- Center for Electromechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - G Taylor
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
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Vann RGL, Brunner KJ, Ellis R, Taylor G, Thomas DA. Preliminary measurements of the edge magnetic field pitch from 2-D Doppler backscattering in MAST and NSTX-U (invited). Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D902. [PMID: 27910558 DOI: 10.1063/1.4962253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Synthetic Aperture Microwave Imaging (SAMI) system is a novel diagnostic consisting of an array of 8 independently phased antennas. At any one time, SAMI operates at one of the 16 frequencies in the range 10-34.5 GHz. The imaging beam is steered in software post-shot to create a picture of the entire emission surface. In SAMI's active probing mode of operation, the plasma edge is illuminated with a monochromatic source and SAMI reconstructs an image of the Doppler back-scattered (DBS) signal. By assuming that density fluctuations are extended along magnetic field lines, and knowing that the strongest back-scattered signals are directed perpendicular to the density fluctuations, SAMI's 2-D DBS imaging capability can be used to measure the pitch of the edge magnetic field. In this paper, we present preliminary pitch angle measurements obtained by SAMI on the Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak (MAST) at Culham Centre for Fusion Energy and on the National Spherical Torus Experiment Upgrade at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. The results demonstrate encouraging agreement between SAMI and other independent measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G L Vann
- York Plasma Institute, Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - K J Brunner
- Centre for Advanced Instrumentation, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - R Ellis
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - G Taylor
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - D A Thomas
- York Plasma Institute, Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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Brunner KJ, Chorley JC, Dipper NA, Naylor G, Sharples RM, Taylor G, Thomas DA, Vann RGL. Modifications to the synthetic aperture microwave imaging diagnostic. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11E129. [PMID: 27910342 DOI: 10.1063/1.4961283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthetic aperture microwave imaging diagnostic has been operating on the MAST experiment since 2011. It has provided the first 2D images of B-X-O mode conversion windows and showed the feasibility of conducting 2D Doppler back-scattering experiments. The diagnostic heavily relies on field programmable gate arrays to conduct its work. Recent successes and newly gained experience with the diagnostic have led us to modify it. The enhancements will enable pitch angle profile measurements, O and X mode separation, and the continuous acquisition of 2D DBS data. The diagnostic has also been installed on the NSTX-U and is acquiring data since May 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Brunner
- Department of Physics-Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - J C Chorley
- Department of Physics-Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - N A Dipper
- Department of Physics-Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - G Naylor
- Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - R M Sharples
- Department of Physics-Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - G Taylor
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, 100 Stellarator Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA
| | - D A Thomas
- Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - R G L Vann
- York Plasma Institute-University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DQ, United Kingdom
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Gunning H, Taylor G, Smyth A, Mellotte G, Fennell J, Murphy P, Lavin P, Wall C. An Approach to Optimise Therapeutic Vancomycin Dosage in a Haemodialysis Population. Ir Med J 2016; 109:465. [PMID: 28125179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Haemodialysis patients are at risk of gram-positive bacteraemia and commonly require intravenous vancomycin. Intravenously administered vancomycin is primarily excreted by the kidney and exhibits complex pharmacokinetics in haemodialysis patients; achieving therapeutic levels can be challenging. An audit in our unit showed current practises of vancomycin administration resulted in a high proportion of sub-therapeutic levels. A new protocol was developed with fixed weight-based loading and subsequent dosing guided by pre-dialysis levels, target levels were 10-20mg/L. Its effectiveness was prospectively evaluated between 24th September 2012, and 8th February 2013. During this period 25 patients commenced vancomycin, 15 were included. In total, 112 vancomycin levels were taken, 94 (84%) were therapeutic, this was a significant improvement compared to previous practise (odds ratio 5.4, CI 3.1-9.4, p<0.0001). In conclusion, our study shows this protocol can consistently and reliably achieve therapeutic vancomycin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Gunning
- Trinity Health Kidney Centre, AMNCH, Tallaght, Dublin 24
| | - G Taylor
- Trinity Health Kidney Centre, AMNCH, Tallaght, Dublin 24
| | - A Smyth
- Trinity Health Kidney Centre, AMNCH, Tallaght, Dublin 24
| | - G Mellotte
- Trinity Health Kidney Centre, AMNCH, Tallaght, Dublin 24
| | - J Fennell
- Trinity Health Kidney Centre, AMNCH, Tallaght, Dublin 24
| | - P Murphy
- Trinity Health Kidney Centre, AMNCH, Tallaght, Dublin 24
| | - P Lavin
- Trinity Health Kidney Centre, AMNCH, Tallaght, Dublin 24
| | - C Wall
- Trinity Health Kidney Centre, AMNCH, Tallaght, Dublin 24
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Abstract
This paper looks at the development of logistic regression models to predict readmissions for medical patients on their initial admission to hospital. The design of our study was a retrospective analysis of a large dataset drawn from a range of secondary sources - medical, nursing, therapy and social care records. Three northern hospitals and related community health districts and social care organizations in the UK participated. Records of 1,192 patients discharged from medical wards during the period April 1992-March 1995 were analysed. Readmission within six weeks of discharge was the main outcome measure.Four logistic regression equations were produced. Three individual site equations were calculated and classification levels for readmission of 17-22 per cent were achieved. Component factors that differed in importance were age, GP contact, social services contact, marital status and living status. The weakest equation was the equation that encompassed patients from all three sites, which classified 7 per cent of readmissions. It is possible to develop equations that will explain readmission for a fifth of medical patients on admission to individual hospitals. Further exploratory work needs to be undertaken to explore reasons for differences between districts and develop more generalizable predictive equations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Allgar
- Centre for Research in Primary Care, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - S. Procter
- Nursing Research and Development Unit, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, NE7 7XA, UK
| | - P. Pearson
- Department of Primary Health Care, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - C. Lock
- Department of Primary Health Care, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - G. Taylor
- University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, CF37 1DL, UK
| | - J. Wilcockson
- Nursing Research and Development Unit, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, NE7 7XA, UK
| | - D. Foster
- Department of Primary Health Care, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - A. Spendiff
- Department of Primary Health Care, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Faivre-Rampant P, Zaina G, Jorge V, Giacomello S, Segura V, Scalabrin S, Guérin V, De Paoli E, Aluome C, Viger M, Cattonaro F, Payne A, PaulStephenRaj P, Le Paslier MC, Berard A, Allwright MR, Villar M, Taylor G, Bastien C, Morgante M. New resources for genetic studies in Populus nigra: genome-wide SNP discovery and development of a 12k Infinium array. Mol Ecol Resour 2016; 16:1023-36. [PMID: 26929265 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Whole genome resequencing of 51 Populus nigra (L.) individuals from across Western Europe was performed using Illumina platforms. A total number of 1 878 727 SNPs distributed along the P. nigra reference sequence were identified. The SNP calling accuracy was validated with Sanger sequencing. SNPs were selected within 14 previously identified QTL regions, 2916 expressional candidate genes related to rust resistance, wood properties, water-use efficiency and bud phenology and 1732 genes randomly spread across the genome. Over 10 000 SNPs were selected for the construction of a 12k Infinium Bead-Chip array dedicated to association mapping. The SNP genotyping assay was performed with 888 P. nigra individuals. The genotyping success rate was 91%. Our high success rate was due to the discovery panel design and the stringent parameters applied for SNP calling and selection. In the same set of P. nigra genotypes, linkage disequilibrium throughout the genome decayed on average within 5-7 kb to half of its maximum value. As an application test, ADMIXTURE analysis was performed with a selection of 600 SNPs spread throughout the genome and 706 individuals collected along 12 river basins. The admixture pattern was consistent with genetic diversity revealed by neutral markers and the geographical distribution of the populations. These newly developed SNP resources and genotyping array provide a valuable tool for population genetic studies and identification of QTLs through natural-population based genetic association studies in P. nigra.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G Zaina
- DI4A, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - V Jorge
- INRA, UR 0588 AGPF, Centre INRA Val de Loire, 2163 avenue de la Pomme de Pin, CS 40001 - Ardon, 45075, Orléans, France
| | - S Giacomello
- IGA, Parco Scientifico e Tecnologico Luigi Danieli, via Jacopo Linussio 51, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - V Segura
- INRA, UR 0588 AGPF, Centre INRA Val de Loire, 2163 avenue de la Pomme de Pin, CS 40001 - Ardon, 45075, Orléans, France
| | - S Scalabrin
- IGA, Parco Scientifico e Tecnologico Luigi Danieli, via Jacopo Linussio 51, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - V Guérin
- INRA, UR 0588 AGPF, Centre INRA Val de Loire, 2163 avenue de la Pomme de Pin, CS 40001 - Ardon, 45075, Orléans, France
| | - E De Paoli
- IGA, Parco Scientifico e Tecnologico Luigi Danieli, via Jacopo Linussio 51, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - C Aluome
- INRA, US1279 EPGV, CEA-IG/CNG, F-91057, Evry, France.,INRA, UR 0588 AGPF, Centre INRA Val de Loire, 2163 avenue de la Pomme de Pin, CS 40001 - Ardon, 45075, Orléans, France
| | - M Viger
- Centre For Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Life Sciences, SO17 1BJ, Southampton, UK
| | - F Cattonaro
- IGA, Parco Scientifico e Tecnologico Luigi Danieli, via Jacopo Linussio 51, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - A Payne
- Centre For Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Life Sciences, SO17 1BJ, Southampton, UK
| | | | | | - A Berard
- INRA, US1279 EPGV, CEA-IG/CNG, F-91057, Evry, France
| | - M R Allwright
- Centre For Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Life Sciences, SO17 1BJ, Southampton, UK
| | - M Villar
- INRA, UR 0588 AGPF, Centre INRA Val de Loire, 2163 avenue de la Pomme de Pin, CS 40001 - Ardon, 45075, Orléans, France
| | - G Taylor
- Centre For Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Life Sciences, SO17 1BJ, Southampton, UK
| | - C Bastien
- INRA, UR 0588 AGPF, Centre INRA Val de Loire, 2163 avenue de la Pomme de Pin, CS 40001 - Ardon, 45075, Orléans, France
| | - M Morgante
- DI4A, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100, Udine, Italy.,IGA, Parco Scientifico e Tecnologico Luigi Danieli, via Jacopo Linussio 51, 33100, Udine, Italy
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46
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Bailey K, Abrams P, Blair PS, Chapple C, Glazener C, Horwood J, Lane JA, McGrath J, Noble S, Pickard R, Taylor G, Young GJ, Drake MJ, Lewis AL. Urodynamics for Prostate Surgery Trial; Randomised Evaluation of Assessment Methods (UPSTREAM) for diagnosis and management of bladder outlet obstruction in men: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2015; 16:567. [PMID: 26651344 PMCID: PMC4676182 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-015-1087-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) comprise storage symptoms, voiding symptoms and post-voiding symptoms. Prevalence and severity of LUTS increase with age and the progressive increase in the aged population group has emphasised the importance to our society of appropriate and effective management of male LUTS. Identification of causal mechanisms is needed to optimise treatment and uroflowmetry is the simplest non-invasive test of voiding function. Invasive urodynamics can evaluate storage function and voiding function; however, there is currently insufficient evidence to support urodynamics becoming part of routine practice in the clinical evaluation of male LUTS. Design A 2-arm trial, set in urology departments of at least 26 National Health Service (NHS) hospitals in the United Kingdom (UK), randomising men with bothersome LUTS for whom surgeons would consider offering surgery, between a care pathway based on urodynamic tests with invasive multichannel cystometry and a care pathway based on non-invasive routine tests. The aim of the trial is to determine whether a care pathway not including invasive urodynamics is no worse for men in terms of symptom outcome than one in which it is included, at 18 months after randomisation. This primary clinical outcome will be measured with the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). We will also establish whether inclusion of invasive urodynamics reduces rates of bladder outlet surgery as a main secondary outcome. Discussion The general population has an increased life-expectancy and, as men get older, their prostates enlarge and potentially cause benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) which often requires surgery. Furthermore, voiding symptoms become increasingly prevalent, some of which may not be due to BPO. Therefore, as the population ages, more operations will be considered to relieve BPO, some of which may not actually be appropriate. Hence, there is sustained interest in the diagnostic pathway and this trial could improve the chances of an accurate diagnosis and reduce overall numbers of surgical interventions for BPO in the NHS. The morbidity, and therapy costs, of testing must be weighed against the cost saving of surgery reduction. Trial registration Controlled-trials.com - ISRCTN56164274 (confirmed registration: 8 April 2014). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-015-1087-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bailey
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK. .,Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration (BRTC), University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.
| | - P Abrams
- North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol Urological Institute, Level 3, Learning and Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5N, UK.
| | - P S Blair
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK. .,Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration (BRTC), University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK. .,Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration, University of Bristol, St. Michael's Hospital, Level D, Southwell Street, Bristol, UK.
| | - C Chapple
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Room H26, H-Floor, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK.
| | - C Glazener
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, 3rd Floor, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland.
| | - J Horwood
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK. .,Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration (BRTC), University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.
| | - J A Lane
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK. .,Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration (BRTC), University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.
| | - J McGrath
- Exeter Surgical Health Services Research Unit - Urology, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Barrack Road, Exeter, Devon, EX2 5DW, UK.
| | - S Noble
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK. .,Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration (BRTC), University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.
| | - R Pickard
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, University of Newcastle, 3rd Floor, William Leech Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - G Taylor
- University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, PL4 8AA, UK.
| | - G J Young
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK. .,Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration (BRTC), University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.
| | - M J Drake
- North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol Urological Institute, Level 3, Learning and Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5N, UK. .,School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, 69 St Michael's Hill, BS2 8DZ, Bristol, UK.
| | - A L Lewis
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK. .,Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration (BRTC), University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.
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Raman R, Jarboe TR, Menard JE, Ono M, Taylor G, Nelson BA, Mueller D, Brown T. Simplifying the ST and AT Concepts. J Fusion Energ 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10894-015-0040-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wong H, Eso K, Ip A, Jones J, Kwon Y, Powelson S, de Grood J, Geransar R, Santana M, Joffe AM, Taylor G, Missaghi B, Pearce C, Ghali W, Conly J. Use of ward closure to control outbreaks among hospitalized patients in acute care settings: a systematic review. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2015. [PMCID: PMC4474650 DOI: 10.1186/2047-2994-4-s1-o53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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49
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Dhasmana D, Puri A, Buell K, Taylor G. Comparison of clinical, immunological and virological markers in patients with HTLV-1 / HIV-1 co-infection with those with mono-infection. Retrovirology 2015. [PMCID: PMC4577781 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-12-s1-p22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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50
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Bigler E, Black G, Abildskov T, Dennis M, Gerhardt C, Rubin K, Terry Stancin T, Kathryn Vannatta K, Taylor G, Yeates K. B-58Relation of Cortical Volume to Intellectual Function in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acv047.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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