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Plutino S, Laghouati E, Jarre G, Depaulis A, Guillemain I, Bureau I. Barrel cortex development lacks a key stage of hyperconnectivity from deep to superficial layers in a rat model of Absence Epilepsy. Prog Neurobiol 2024; 234:102564. [PMID: 38244975 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2023.102564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
During development of the sensory cortex, the ascending innervation from deep to upper layers provides a temporary scaffold for the construction of other circuits that remain at adulthood. Whether an alteration in this sequence leads to brain dysfunction in neuro-developmental diseases remains unknown. Using functional approaches in a genetic model of Absence Epilepsy (GAERS), we investigated in barrel cortex, the site of seizure initiation, the maturation of excitatory and inhibitory innervations onto layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons and cell organization into neuronal assemblies. We found that cortical development in GAERS lacks the early surge of connections originating from deep layers observed at the end of the second postnatal week in normal rats and the concomitant structuring into multiple assemblies. Later on, at seizure onset (1 month old), excitatory neurons are hyper-excitable in GAERS when compared to Wistar rats. These findings suggest that early defects in the development of connectivity could promote this typical epileptic feature and/or its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emel Laghouati
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Guillaume Jarre
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Antoine Depaulis
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Guillemain
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Studer F, Laghouati E, Jarre G, David O, Pouyatos B, Depaulis A. Sensory coding is impaired in rat absence epilepsy. J Physiol 2019; 597:951-966. [PMID: 30548850 DOI: 10.1113/jp277297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Absence epilepsy is characterized by the occurrence of spike-and-wave discharges concomitant with an alteration of consciousness and is associated with cognitive comorbidities. In a genetic model of absence epilepsy in the rat, the genetic absence epilepsy rat from Strasbourg (GAERS), spike-and-wave discharges are shown to be initiated in the barrel field primary somatosensory cortex that codes whisker-related information, therefore playing an essential role in the interactions of rodents with their environment. Sensory-information processing is impaired in the epileptic barrel field primary somatosensory cortex of GAERS, with a delayed sensory-evoked potential and a duplicated neuronal response to whisker stimulation in in vivo extracellular recordings. Yet, GAERS present no defaults of performance in a texture discrimination task, suggesting the existence of a compensatory mechanism within the epileptic neuronal network. The results of the present study indicate that physiological primary functions are processed differently in an epileptic cortical network. ABSTRACT Several neurodevelopmental pathologies are associated with disorganized cortical circuits that may alter primary functions such as sensory processes. In the present study, we investigated whether the function of a cortical area is altered in the seizure onset zone of absence epilepsy, a prototypical form of childhood genetic epilepsy associated with cognitive impairments. We first combined in vivo multichannel electrophysiological recordings and histology to precisely localize the seizure onset zone in the genetic absence epilepsy rat from Strasbourg (GAERS). We then investigated the functionality of this epileptic zone using extracellular silicon probe recordings of sensory-evoked local field potentials and multi-unit activity, as well as a behavioural test of texture discrimination. We show that seizures in this model are initiated in the barrel field part of the primary somatosensory cortex and are associated with high-frequency oscillations. In this cortex, we found an increased density of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons in layer 5 in GAERS compared to non-epileptic Wistar rats. Its functional investigation revealed that sensory abilities of GAERS are not affected in a texture-discrimination task, whereas the intracortical processing of sensory-evoked information is delayed and duplicated. Altogether, these results suggest that absence seizures are associated with an increase of parvalbumin-inhibitory neurons, which may promote the functional relationship between epileptic oscillations and high-frequency activities. Our findings suggest that cortical circuits operate differently in the epileptic onset zone and may adapt to maintain their ability to process highly specialized information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Studer
- University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1216, Grenoble, France
| | - Emel Laghouati
- University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1216, Grenoble, France
| | - Guillaume Jarre
- University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1216, Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier David
- University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1216, Grenoble, France
| | - Benoît Pouyatos
- University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1216, Grenoble, France.,Present address: INRS, F-54519, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France
| | - Antoine Depaulis
- University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1216, Grenoble, France
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Jarre G, Altwegg-Boussac T, Williams MS, Studer F, Chipaux M, David O, Charpier S, Depaulis A, Mahon S, Guillemain I. Building Up Absence Seizures in the Somatosensory Cortex: From Network to Cellular Epileptogenic Processes. Cereb Cortex 2017; 27:4607-4623. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Jarre
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Inserm, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Tristan Altwegg-Boussac
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Mark S. Williams
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Florian Studer
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Inserm, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Mathilde Chipaux
- Pediatric Neurosurgery Department, Fondation Ophtalmologique A. de Rothschild, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Olivier David
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Inserm, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CHU de Grenoble, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Stéphane Charpier
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Depaulis
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Inserm, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CHU de Grenoble, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Séverine Mahon
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Guillemain
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Inserm, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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Assil S, Bolze PA, Boukhali M, Cariou C, Chauveau L, Chuvin N, Dhondt K, Ducuing A, Dupont JB, Grandin C, Jarre G, Le Douce J, Lebrun D, Lechenet FOX, Luther N, Milivojevic M, Pérès É, Plantamura É, Sanlaville A, Schwob A, Seggio M, Serre JE, Thiébaut PA, Tirmarche S, Tshilenge KT, Vandamme C, Verlhac P, Vinera J, Mahieux R, Journo C. [Human retrovirus XMRV: The end of an exciting story?]. Virologie (Montrouge) 2011; 15:222-234. [PMID: 36151672 DOI: 10.1684/15-4.2011.17299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Viruses represent an important cause of cancer in humans: infections are estimated to account for close to one cancer case out of five.With the ongoing discovery of new infectious agents, this number should be raising in the near future. In 2006, the discovery of a new _-retrovirus in prostate cancer biopsies launched an intense research activity: could this new xenotropic MLV-related virus (XMRV) be the cause of prostate cancer? Five years later, the initial enthusiasm of retrovirologists has dramatically diminished. One by one, arguments favouring the hypothesis of human infection with XMRV are being refuted. The aim of this review article is to present the discovery of XMRV and to analyze recent data arguing against its existence in humans. A synthetic interpretation of XMRV literature will then be suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Assil
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Pierre-Adrien Bolze
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Myriam Boukhali
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Carine Cariou
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Lise Chauveau
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas Chuvin
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Kévin Dhondt
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Antoine Ducuing
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Dupont
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Clément Grandin
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Jarre
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Juliette Le Douce
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Diane Lebrun
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Franc Ois-Xavier Lechenet
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Natascha Luther
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Milica Milivojevic
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Éléonore Pérès
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Émilie Plantamura
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Amélien Sanlaville
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Aurélien Schwob
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Maxime Seggio
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Serre
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Pierre-Alain Thiébaut
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Samantha Tirmarche
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Kizito-Tshitoko Tshilenge
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Céline Vandamme
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Pauline Verlhac
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Jennifer Vinera
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Renaud Mahieux
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France, Oncogenèse rétrovirale, Inserm U758, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France, École normale supérieure de Lyon, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France, IFR 128 biosciences Lyon-Gerland, Lyon, France
| | - Chloé Journo
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, département de biologie, master biosciences, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France, Oncogenèse rétrovirale, Inserm U758, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France, École normale supérieure de Lyon, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France, IFR 128 biosciences Lyon-Gerland, Lyon, France
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