1
|
Offerhaus J, Podliesna S, Verkerk A, Marchal G, Lodder L, Boukens B, Remme C, Bezzina C. Membrin/GOSR2 is a novel NaV1.5-interacting protein modulating cardiac conduction. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Genome-wide association studies have associated a locus spanning GOSR2 with QRS- and QT-interval. GOSR2 encodes Membrin, a protein located at the cis-Golgi, which plays a role in protein trafficking. Altered trafficking of the cardiac sodium channel (NaV1.5), encoded by SCN5A, has been shown to reduce cardiac conduction.
Purpose
To explore the modulatory role of Membrin on cardiac conduction and sodium channel availability.
Methods and results
Tandem Affinity Purification in H10 cells (derived from neonatal rat cardiomyocytes) overexpressing the NaV1.5 C-terminus identified Membrin as a putative interactor of NaV1.5. We subsequently confirmed the interaction between NaV1.5 and Membrin by means of a co-immunoprecipitation assay in HEK293A cells that overexpress NaV1.5 and Membrin.
To investigate whether Membrin affects cardiac conduction we recorded optical action potentials from the left ventricle (LV) of Langendorff-perfused hearts from Gosr2+/− mice and wild type (WT) littermate controls. Conduction velocity was measured at steady state pacing (cycle length 120ms) and at the minimal possible cycle length (S2min), during S1S2 pacing. Longitudinal conduction velocity was increased in Gosr2+/− mice compared to WT at steady state- (76.44 vs. 67.00 cm/s) as well as at S2min (62.00 vs. 51.86 cm/s, p=0.039, n=10 and 9, resp.). Single cell patch-clamp studies revealed a shortened action potential duration at 90% repolarization at all pacing frequencies (390 vs 342 V/s at 2Hz, p=0.036) in isolated mid-LV cardiomyocytes of Gosr2+/− mice compared to WT. In addition, the maximal upstroke velocity was increased in Gosr2+/− mid-LV cardiomyocytes at frequencies of 6Hz and higher (390 vs 342 V/s at 6Hz, p=0.044).
Conclusion
Our findings identify Membrin as a novel interacting protein of NaV1.5 and a modulator of cardiac conduction. We propose that Membrin acts through ion channel trafficking or by modulating the posttranslational maturation of ion channels.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Leducq foundation
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - G Marchal
- Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands (The)
| | - L.E Lodder
- Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands (The)
| | | | - C.A Remme
- Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands (The)
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
Primary hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastases affect several millon people each year. The main imaging modalities to detect and assist diagnosis of primary and secondary liver tumours include MR imaging, CT, and US. The value of these techniques is further increased by the use of contrast agents which increase the sensitivity, and sometimes also the specificity, of the investigations. The relative advantages and drawbacks of the different contrast agents and imaging modalities in the detection and characterisation of liver tumours are discussed. Currently there is no consensus amongst investigators as to which is superior, due to the technical complexities and number of combinations possible within each of the different modalities. There continues to be advances in the hardware and software of imaging equipment, as well as a trend to develop new contrast agents with more organ-specificity. These include those targeting the hepatocytes, such as mangafodipir trisodium (MnDPDP, Teslascan), and those with reticuloendothelial cell specificity, such as the superpara-magnetic iron oxides. These developments have the potential for making significant contributions to the diagnostic value of imaging procedures and, by reducing the number of investigations necessary to reach a final diagnosis, having a significant and beneficial impact on the pharmaco-economics of patient health care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E J Rummeny
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Westfalian Wilbelms-University, Münster, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Mangafodipir trisodium (manganese dipyridoxal diphosphate or MnDPDP) has been introduced as a hepatobiliary MR contrast agent (Teslascan). Its potential to assist in the characterisation of focal liver lesions, the diagnosis of local and global obstructive cholestasis and the evaluation of hepatic function in diffuse liver diseases has been explored in multiple pre-clinical experiments with appropriate animal models. The prompt negative contrast enhancement and delayed peritumoural rim-enhancement seen after i.v. injection of MnDPDP are 2 typical features of primary and secondary liver tumours with high malignancy, while the persistent positive enhancement is a sign of liver tumours of well preserved hepatocytic nature. Liver with local and total biliary obstruction can be visualized in MnDPDP-enhanced MR images as a region with prolonged signal enhancement. This agent could also be used to non-invasively evaluate diffuse liver diseases of different causes. In the present paper, we review the experimental data in the literature, provide some unpublished results and discuss the potential impact on the clinical use of MnDPDP in the liver. We conclude that MnDPDP is a promising MR liver contrast agent for the detection and characterisation of focal and diffuse liver diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Ni
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals K.U. Leuven, Belgium. yicheng.ni.@med.kuleuven.ac.be
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ni Y, Petré C, Bosmans H, Miao Y, Grant D, Baert AL, Marchal G. Comparison of manganese biodistribution and MR contrast enhancement in rats after intravenous injection of MnDPDP and MnCl2. Acta Radiol 2016; 38:700-7. [PMID: 9245965 DOI: 10.1080/02841859709172402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To compare the time course of the MR enhancing properties and biodistri-bution of manganese (Mn) in rats given i.v. Mn dipyridoxyl diphosphate (MnDPDP) or Mn chloride (MnCl2). Material and Methods: Twenty-four adult rats were injected i.v. with 5 μmol/kg MnDPDP or MnCl2, or with 0.5 ml/kg saline. High resolution T1-weighted MR imaging was performed during early (10 min), mid (2 h) and late (24 h) phases after injection. Mn concentrations in major organs were measured by using an ICP-AES technique, and correlated with MR findings. Results: Variable degrees of signal enhancement of major organs observed in MR images corresponded with the amount of Mn uptake after injection of MnDPDP or MnCl2. A prominently lower cardiac, pancreatic and hepatic uptake of Mn was seen at 10 min in rats injected with MnDPDP compared with those given MnCl2 and this was reflected in a difference in signal intensity (SI) in the MR images. At 2 h, the Mn content and SI in the major organs were similar with both MnDPDP and MnCl2. An overall Mn clearance was achieved at 24 h without any important organ retention, with kidney excretion of Mn seen only with MnDPDP. Conclusion: With both MnDPDP and MnCl2, the Mn uptake correlates with the SI enhancement in tissues. The reduced initial cardiac uptake of Mn after MnDPDP treatment compared to MnCl2 may account for the favourable cardiovascular safety of the contrast agent. These data contribute to an understanding of SI enhancement by MnDPDP, and are consistent with other studies showing that at a dose of 5 μmol/kg, MnDPDP can be safely used as a potent MR organ-specific contrast agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Ni
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals K.U. Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
|
6
|
Luyeye Mvila G, Batalansi D, Praet M, Marchal G, Laenen A, Christiaens MR, Brouckaert O, Ali-Risasi C, Neven P, Van Ongeval C. Prognostic features of breast cancer differ between women in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Belgium. Breast 2015; 24:642-8. [PMID: 26279132 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2015.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Compared to European women, breast cancers in African women present at a younger age, with a higher tumor grade and are more often estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) negative. We here investigate the histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics (ER, PR and human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER2)) and the proportion of triple negative (Tneg) invasive breast cancers from an unselected series of patients diagnosed in Kinshasa, and compare them to a population of Caucasian women with a palpable breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 2010 till 2013, during the first breast cancer awareness campaign, organized in Kinshasa, 87 patients were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer. Diagnose was based on core biopsy. The control group consisted of Caucasian women (University Hospitals of Leuven, Belgium) with a palpable mass, diagnosed between 2000 till 2009, treated with surgery of which the histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics were collected on excision specimens. Each patient in the Kinshasa group was matched based on age and tumor size to one or more patients of the Leuven database. Differences between both groups with respect to hormone receptors (ER, PR, HER2, Tneg) or grade are presented as relative risks (RR). The analysis is based on a log-binomial model accounting for clustering through matching by a random intercept for cluster. Differences between both groups with respect to hormone receptors correcting for grade is performed by the inclusion of grade as a covariate in the model. RESULTS After adjusting for age, tumor volume and tumor grade, ER was more frequently negative (RR = 0.71, p < 0.001), with a trend in the same direction for PR (RR = 0.87, p = 0.057), and HER2 more often positive (RR = 1.60, p = 0.015) compared to the group from the University Hospitals of Leuven. There was no difference in the proportion of breast cancers being triple negative. Sub-analysis showed that the higher HER2 positive rate was only observed in older patients (≥50y: RR = 2.07, p = 0.007) whereas no difference in HER2 positive rate was found in younger patients (<50y: RR = 1.30, p = 0.358). A higher ER negative rate was observed in both age groups, however more pronounced in older patients (≥50y: RR = 0.64, p = 0.001; <50y: RR = 0.79, p = 0.018). CONCLUSION Breast cancer in women of Kinshasa presents at younger age and is more aggressive (more frequently ER negative and HER2 positive) compared to Caucasian women and this is more pronounced in older women (>50y). Only the ER results were concordant with the results of two similar studies (comparing an African with a European group), but were different when compared to studies on African-American women with breast cancer. This information is very important considering the treatment option: as more tumors are ER negative, endocrine therapy cannot be given while chemotherapy is often too expensive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gertrude Luyeye Mvila
- General Hospital of Kinshasa, Kasavubu University, University of Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo; Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Donatien Batalansi
- General Hospital of Kinshasa, Avenue Colonel Ebeya, PB 169, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
| | - Marleen Praet
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Ghent & Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Guy Marchal
- Department of Radiology, UZ Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Annouschka Laenen
- Leuven Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Centre (L-BioStat), Kapucijnenvoer 35 Building D Box 7001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | - Olivier Brouckaert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jan Yperman Hospital, Briekestraat 12, Ypres, Belgium.
| | - Catherine Ali-Risasi
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Ghent & Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Patrick Neven
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, UZ Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Chantal Van Ongeval
- Department of Radiology, UZ Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mulier S, Jiang Y, Jamart J, Wang C, Feng Y, Marchal G, Michel L, Ni Y. Bipolar radiofrequency ablation with 2 × 2 electrodes as a building block for matrix radiofrequency ablation:Ex vivoliver experiments and finite element method modelling. Int J Hyperthermia 2015; 31:649-65. [DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2015.1046194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|
8
|
Fonseca DM, Wowk PF, Paula MO, Gembre AF, Baruffi MD, Fermino ML, Turato WM, Campos LW, Silva CL, Ramos SG, Horn C, Marchal G, Arruda LK, Russo M, Bonato VLD. Requirement of MyD88 and Fas pathways for the efficacy of allergen-free immunotherapy. Allergy 2015; 70:275-84. [PMID: 25477068 DOI: 10.1111/all.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have shown that mycobacterial antigens and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides downmodulate airway allergic inflammation by mechanisms dependent on T-cell activation. Here, we investigated the participation of the innate response, particularly the role of MyD88 adaptor, and Fas molecules in the effectiveness of DNA-HSP65 or CpG/culture filtrated proteins (CFP) immunotherapy. METHODS Mice sensitized and challenged with Der p 1 allergen were treated with DNA-HSP65, CpG/CFP, or with adoptively transferred cells from immunized mice. The treatment efficacy was assessed by evaluating eosinophil recruitment, antibody, and cytokine production. RESULTS In addition to downregulating the Th2 response, DNA-HSP65 and CpG/CFP promoted IL-10 and IFN-γ production. Adoptive transfer of cells from mice immunized with DNA-HSP65 or CpG/CFP to allergic recipients downmodulated the allergic response. Notably, transfer of cells from DNA-HSP65- or CpG/CFP-immunized MyD88(-/-) mice failed to reduce allergy. Additionally, for effective reduction of allergy by cells from CpG/CFP-immunized mice, Fas molecules were required. Although DNA-HSP65 or CpG/CFP immunization stimulated antigen-specific production of IFN-γ and IL-10, the effect of DNA-HSP65 was associated with IL-10 while CpG/CFP was associated with IFN-γ. Moreover, after stimulation with mycobacterial antigens plus Der p 1 allergen, cells from mite-allergic patients with asthma exhibited similar patterns of cytokine production as those found in the lung of treated mice. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insights on the mechanisms of allergen-free immunotherapy by showing that both DNA-HSP65 and CpG/CFP downregulated house dust mite-induced allergic airway inflammation via distinct pathways that involve not only induction of mycobacterial-specific adaptive responses but also signaling via MyD88 and Fas molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D. M. Fonseca
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology; Ribeirão Preto Medical School; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - P. F. Wowk
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology; Ribeirão Preto Medical School; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
- Carlos Chagas Institute; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation; Curitiba Brazil
| | - M. O. Paula
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology; Ribeirão Preto Medical School; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - A. F. Gembre
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology; Ribeirão Preto Medical School; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - M. D. Baruffi
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - M. L. Fermino
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - W. M. Turato
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology; Ribeirão Preto Medical School; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - L. W. Campos
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology; Ribeirão Preto Medical School; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - C. L. Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology; Ribeirão Preto Medical School; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - S. G. Ramos
- Department of Pathology; Ribeirão Preto Medical School; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - C. Horn
- Laboratory of Immunology and Immunogenetics; Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - G. Marchal
- Immunotherapix Bio Top; Institute Pasteur; Paris France
| | - L. K. Arruda
- Department of Medicine; Ribeirão Preto Medical School; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - M. Russo
- Department of Immunology; Institute of Biomedical Sciences; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - V. L. D. Bonato
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology; Ribeirão Preto Medical School; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Luyeye Mvila G, Postema S, Marchal G, Van Limbergen E, Verdonck F, Matthijs G, Devriendt K, Michils G, Van Ongeval C. From the set-up of a screening program of breast cancer patients to the identification of the first BRCA mutation in the DR Congo. BMC Public Health 2014. [PMID: 25070656 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer incidence in African population is low compared to western countries but the mortality rate is higher and the disease presents at a younger age and at a more advanced stage. The World Health Organisation and the Breast Health Global Initiative concluded that in low and middle income countries early breast cancer detection can be achieved by informing women on symptoms of breast cancer, on the practice of breast self-examination and clinical breast examination by trained health care workers. Based on these recommendations, we set up a breast cancer awareness campaign in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This paper describes the strategy that was established and the results that were achieved. METHODS A breast cancer awareness campaign was started in 2010 and data were collected until the end of 2012. Clinicians (expert group) trained nurses and health care workers (awareness groups) on clinical, technical and social aspects of breast cancer. Different channels were used to inform women about the campaign and clinical data (on medical and family history) were collected. The participating women were investigated with clinical breast examination by the awareness group. Women in whom a palpable mass was detected were referred to the hospital: they received a mammography and ultrasound and--in case of suspicious findings--additionally a core needle biopsy. In case of a positive family history, a blood sample was taken for genetic investigation. RESULTS In total, 4,315 women participated, resulting in 1,113 radiological breast examinations, performed in the General Hospital of Kinshasa of which 101 turned out to be malignant lesions. Fifty six percent of the women with breast cancer were less than 50 years old and 75% (65/87) were stage III tumors. A BRCA gene mutation was identified in a family with a severe history of breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS Even without financial support, it was possible to start an awareness campaign for breast cancer in Kinshasa. This campaign increased the awareness on cancer of the women in Kinshasa. The results demonstrate that this campaign had an immediate impact on patients and their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gertrude Luyeye Mvila
- Kinshasa General Hospital, Kasavubu University, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, DR, Congo.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Luyeye Mvila G, Postema S, Marchal G, Van Limbergen E, Verdonck F, Matthijs G, Devriendt K, Michils G, Van Ongeval C. From the set-up of a screening program of breast cancer patients to the identification of the first BRCA mutation in the DR Congo. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:759. [PMID: 25070656 PMCID: PMC4133620 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer incidence in African population is low compared to western countries but the mortality rate is higher and the disease presents at a younger age and at a more advanced stage. The World Health Organisation and the Breast Health Global Initiative concluded that in low and middle income countries early breast cancer detection can be achieved by informing women on symptoms of breast cancer, on the practice of breast self-examination and clinical breast examination by trained health care workers. Based on these recommendations, we set up a breast cancer awareness campaign in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This paper describes the strategy that was established and the results that were achieved. METHODS A breast cancer awareness campaign was started in 2010 and data were collected until the end of 2012. Clinicians (expert group) trained nurses and health care workers (awareness groups) on clinical, technical and social aspects of breast cancer. Different channels were used to inform women about the campaign and clinical data (on medical and family history) were collected. The participating women were investigated with clinical breast examination by the awareness group. Women in whom a palpable mass was detected were referred to the hospital: they received a mammography and ultrasound and--in case of suspicious findings--additionally a core needle biopsy. In case of a positive family history, a blood sample was taken for genetic investigation. RESULTS In total, 4,315 women participated, resulting in 1,113 radiological breast examinations, performed in the General Hospital of Kinshasa of which 101 turned out to be malignant lesions. Fifty six percent of the women with breast cancer were less than 50 years old and 75% (65/87) were stage III tumors. A BRCA gene mutation was identified in a family with a severe history of breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS Even without financial support, it was possible to start an awareness campaign for breast cancer in Kinshasa. This campaign increased the awareness on cancer of the women in Kinshasa. The results demonstrate that this campaign had an immediate impact on patients and their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gertrude Luyeye Mvila
- />Kinshasa General Hospital, Kasavubu University, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, DR Congo
- />Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Postema
- />Department of Radiology, UZ Leuven and Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Marchal
- />Department of Radiology, UZ Leuven and Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik Van Limbergen
- />Leuven University Centre for Cancer Prevention (LUCK), Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Gert Matthijs
- />Center for Human Genetics, UZ Leuven and Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Devriendt
- />Center for Human Genetics, UZ Leuven and Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Genevieve Michils
- />Center for Human Genetics, UZ Leuven and Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chantal Van Ongeval
- />Department of Radiology, UZ Leuven and Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ovchinnikova OA, Berge N, Kang C, Urien C, Ketelhuth DFJ, Pottier J, Drouet L, Hansson GK, Marchal G, Bäck M, Schwartz-Cornil I, Lagranderie M. Mycobacterium bovis BCG killed by extended freeze-drying induces an immunoregulatory profile and protects against atherosclerosis. J Intern Med 2014; 275:49-58. [PMID: 23962000 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the arterial wall that leads to myocardial infarction and stroke. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and IL-10 exert significant anti-atherogenic effects in experimental models of atherosclerosis by modulating vascular inflammation. We have previously shown that Mycobacterium bovis BCG killed by extended freeze-drying (EFD BCG) decreases lung and colon inflammation by recruiting IL-10-producing Tregs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of EFD BCG on the development of atherosclerosis. DESIGN We used two strains of atherosclerosis-prone mice: Ldlr(-/-) (four or six EFD BCG injections) and Apoe(-/-) (six injections). RESULTS In both models, EFD BCG significantly reduced the size of atherosclerotic lesions, increased IL-10 production and reduced the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-13, KC and tumour necrosis factor-α). Shortly after treatment with EFD BCG, the number of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and Foxp3(+) Tregs in the draining lymph nodes increased. EFD BCG also led to accumulation of Tregs, but not of pDCs in the spleen, and reduced activity of NF-κB and increased activity of PPAR-γ in both the spleen and vascular tissue of treated mice. CONCLUSION EFD BCG has atheroprotective effects through IL-10 production and Treg expansion. These findings support a novel approach to the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O A Ovchinnikova
- Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Almazov Federal Heart, Blood and Endocrinology Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen F, Keyzer FD, Feng YB, Cona MM, Yu J, Marchal G, Oyen R, Ni YC. Separate calculation of DW-MRI in assessing therapeutic effect in liver tumors in rats. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:9092-9103. [PMID: 24379636 PMCID: PMC3870564 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i47.9092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore whether the antitumor effect of a vascular disrupting agent (VDA) would be enhanced by combining with an antiangiogenic agent, and whether such synergistic effects can be effectively evaluated with separate calculation of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI).
METHODS: Thirty-seven rats with implanted liver tumors were randomized into the following three groups: (1) ZD6126, a kind of VDA; (2) ZDTHA, ZD6126 in combination with an antiangiogenic, thalidomide; and (3) control. Morphological DW-MRI were performed and quantified before, 4 h and 2 d after treatment. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were calculated separately for low b values (ADClow), high b values (ADChigh) and all b values (ADCall). The tissue perfusion contribution, ADCperf, was calculated as ADClow-ADChigh. Imaging findings were finally verified by histopathology.
RESULTS: The combination therapy with ZDTHA significantly delayed tumor growth due to synergistic effects by inducing cumulative tumor necrosis. In addition to delaying tumor growth, ZDTHA caused tumor necrosis in an additive manner, which was verified by HE staining. Although both ADChigh and ADCall in the ZD6126 and ZDTHA groups were significantly higher compared to those in the control group on day 2, the entire tumor ADChigh of ZDTHA was even higher than that of ZD6126, but the significant difference was not observed for ADCall between ZDTHA and ZD6126. This indicated that the perfusion insensitive ADChigh values calculated from high b value images performed significantly better than ADCall for the monitoring of tumor necrosis on day 2. The perfusion sensitive ADCperf derived from ADClow by excluding high b value effects could better reflect the reduction of blood flow due to the vessel shutdown induced by ZD6126, compared to the ADClow at 4 h. The ADCperf could provide valuable perfusion information from DW-MRI data.
CONCLUSION: The separate calculation of ADC is more useful than conventional averaged ADC in evaluating the efficacy of combination therapy with ZD6126 and thalidomide for solid tumors.
Collapse
|
13
|
Mulier S, Jiang Y, Wang C, Jamart J, Marchal G, Michel L, Ni Y. Bipolar radiofrequency ablation with four electrodes: Ex vivo liver experiments and finite element method analysis. Influence of inter-electrode distance on coagulation size and geometry. Int J Hyperthermia 2012; 28:686-97. [DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2012.706729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
14
|
Chen F, Feng Y, Zheng K, De Keyzer F, Li J, Feng Y, Cona MM, Wang H, Jiang Y, Yu J, Marchal G, Verfaillie C, De Geest B, Oyen R, Ni Y. Enhanced antitumor efficacy of a vascular disrupting agent combined with an antiangiogenic in a rat liver tumor model evaluated by multiparametric MRI. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41140. [PMID: 22815943 PMCID: PMC3399789 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A key problem in solid tumor therapy is tumor regrowth from a residual viable rim after treatment with a vascular disrupting agent (VDA). As a potential solution, we studied a combined treatment of a VDA and antiangiogenic. This study was approved by the institutional ethical committee for the use and care of laboratory animals. Rats with implanted liver tumors were randomized into four treatment groups: 1) Zd6126 (Zd); 2) Thalidomide (Tha); 3) Zd in combination with Tha (ZdTha); and 4) controls. Multiparametric MRIs were performed and quantified before and after treatment. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and plasma stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) were monitored. Tumor apoptosis, necrosis, and microvessels were verified by histopathology. A single use of Zd or Tha did not significantly delay tumor growth. The combined ZdTha showed enhanced antitumor efficacy due to synergistic effects; it induced a cumulative tumor apoptosis or necrosis, which resulted in significant delay in tumor growth and reduction in the viable tumor rim; it also reduced tumor vessel permeability; and it improved tumor hemodynamic indexes, most likely via a transient normalization of tumor vasculature induced by Tha. A stepwise linear regression analysis showed that the apparent diffusion coefficient was an independent predictor of tumor growth. We found no significant increases in Zd-induced circulating EPCs or plasma SDF-1α. ZdTha showed improved therapeutic efficacy in solid tumors compared to either agent alone. The therapeutic effects were successfully tracked in vivo with multiparametric MRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Theragnostic Laboratory, Department of Imaging and Pathology, University Hospital, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Thomis MA, Vlietinck RF, Maes HH, Blimkie CJ, van Leemputte M, Claessens AL, Marchal G, Beunen GP. Predictive power of individual genetic and environmental factor scores. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1375/twin.3.2.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
16
|
Decsi T, Campoy C, Demmelmair H, Szabó E, Marosvölgyi T, Escolano M, Marchal G, Krauss-Etschmann S, Cruz M, Koletzko B. Inverse association between trans isomeric and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in pregnant women and their newborns: data from three European countries. Ann Nutr Metab 2011; 59:107-16. [PMID: 22142767 DOI: 10.1159/000332912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND trans unsaturated fatty acids are thought to interfere with essential fatty acid metabolism. To extend our knowledge of this phenomenon, we investigated the relationship between trans isomeric and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) in mothers during pregnancy and in their infants at birth. METHODS Fatty acid composition of erythrocyte phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) was determined in Spanish (n = 120), German (n = 78) and Hungarian (n = 43) women at the 20th and 30th week of gestation, at delivery and in their newborns. RESULTS At the 20th week of gestation, the sum of trans fatty acids in PE was significantly (p < 0.01) lower in Hungarian [0.73 (0.51), % wt/wt, median (IQR)] than in Spanish [1.42 (1.36)] and German [1.30 (1.21)] women. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) values in PE were significantly (p < 0.01) higher in Hungarian [5.65 (2.09)] than in Spanish [4.37 (2.60)] or German [4.39 (3.3.2)] women. The sum of trans fatty acids significantly inversely correlated to DHA in PCs in Spanish (r = -0.37, p < 0.001), German (n = -0.77, p < 0.001) and Hungarian (r = -0.35, p < 0.05) women, and in PEs in Spanish (r = -0.67, p < 0.001) and German (r = -0.71, p < 0.001), but not in Hungarian (r = -0.02) women. Significant inverse correlations were seen between trans fatty acids and DHA in PEs at the 30th week of gestation (n = 241, r = -0.52, p < 0.001), at delivery (n = 241, r = -0.40, p < 0.001) and in cord lipids (n = 218, r = -0.28, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Because humans cannot synthesize trans isomeric fatty acids, the data obtained in the present study support the concept that high maternal trans isomeric fatty acid intake may interfere with the availability of LCPUFA both for the mother and the fetus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Decsi
- University of Pécs, Department of Paediatrics, Pécs, Hungary.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li J, Sun Z, Zhang J, Shao H, Cona MM, Wang H, Marysael T, Chen F, Prinsen K, Zhou L, Huang D, Nuyts J, Yu J, Meng B, Bormans G, Fang Z, de Witte P, Li Y, Verbruggen A, Wang X, Mortelmans L, Xu K, Marchal G, Ni Y. A dual-targeting anticancer approach: soil and seed principle. Radiology 2011; 260:799-807. [PMID: 21712473 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.11102120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To test the hypothesis that targeting the microenvironment (soil) may effectively kill cancer cells (seeds) through a small-molecular weight sequential dual-targeting theragnostic strategy, or dual-targeting approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS With approval from the institutional animal care and use committee, 24 rats were implanted with 48 liver rhabdomyosarcomas (R1). First, the vascular-disrupting agent combretastatin A4 phosphate (CA4P) was injected at a dose of 10 mg/kg to cause tumor necrosis, which became a secondary target. Then, the necrosis-avid agent hypericin was radiolabeled with iodine 131 to form (131)I-hypericin, which was injected at 300 MBq/kg 24 hours after injection of CA4P. Both molecules have small molecular weight, are naturally or synthetically derivable, are intravenously injectable, and are of unique targetablities. The tumor response in the dual-targeting group was compared with that in vehicle-control and single-targeting (CA4P or (131)I-hypericin) groups with in vivo magnetic resonance imaging and scintigrams and ex vivo gamma counting, autoradiography, and histologic analysis. Tumor volumes, tumor doubling time (TDT), and radiobiodistribution were analyzed with statistical software. P values below .05 were considered to indicate a significant difference. RESULTS Eight days after treatment, the tumor volume of rhabdomyosarcoma in the vehicle-control group was double that in both single-targeting groups (P < .001) and was five times that in the dual-targeting group (P < .0001), without treatment-related animal death. The TDT was significantly longer in the dual-targeting group (P < .0001). Necrosis appeared as hot spots on scintigrams, corresponding to 3.13% of the injected dose of (131)I-hypericin per gram of tissue (interquartile range, 2.92%-3.97%) and a target-to-liver ratio of 20. The dose was estimated to be 100 times the cumulative dose of 50 Gy needed for radiotherapeutic response. Thus, accumulated (131)I-hypericin from CA4P-induced necrosis killed residual cancer cells with ionizing radiation and inhibited tumor regrowth. CONCLUSION This dual-targeting approach may be a simple and workable solution for cancer treatment and deserves further exploitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Li
- Department of Radiology, University of Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang H, Marchal G, Ni Y. Multiparametric MRI biomarkers for measuring vascular disrupting effect on cancer. World J Radiol 2011; 3:1-16. [PMID: 21286490 PMCID: PMC3030722 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v3.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid malignancies have to develop their own blood supply for their aggressive growth and metastasis; a process known as tumor angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is largely involved in tumor survival, progression and spread, which are known to be significantly attributed to treatment failures. Over the past decades, efforts have been made to understand the difference between normal and tumor vessels. It has been demonstrated that tumor vasculature is structurally immature with chaotic and leaky phenotypes, which provides opportunities for developing novel anticancer strategies. Targeting tumor vasculature is not only a unique therapeutic intervention to starve neoplastic cells, but also enhances the efficacy of conventional cancer treatments. Vascular disrupting agents (VDAs) have been developed to disrupt the already existing neovasculature in actively growing tumors, cause catastrophic vascular shutdown within short time, and induce secondary tumor necrosis. VDAs are cytostatic; they can only inhibit tumor growth, but not eradicate the tumor. This novel drug mechanism has urged us to develop multiparametric imaging biomarkers to monitor early hemodynamic alterations, cellular dysfunctions and metabolic impairments before tumor dimensional changes can be detected. In this article, we review the characteristics of tumor vessels, tubulin-destabilizing mechanisms of VDAs, and in vivo effects of the VDAs that have been mostly studied in preclinical studies and clinical trials. We also compare the different tumor models adopted in the preclinical studies on VDAs. Multiparametric imaging biomarkers, mainly diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging from magnetic resonance imaging, are evaluated for their potential as morphological and functional imaging biomarkers for monitoring therapeutic effects of VDAs.
Collapse
|
19
|
Dedeurwaerder G, Duvivier M, Mvuyenkure SM, Renard ME, Van Hese V, Marchal G, Moreau JM, Legrève A. Spore traps network: a new tool for predicting epidemics of wheat yellow rust. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci 2011; 76:667-670. [PMID: 22702186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A network of Burkard 7-day spore-recording traps was set up in the Walloon Region in Belgium to monitor the airborne inoculum of wheat pathogens. The relationship between the airborne inoculum of Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici, the causal agent of stripe rust, and the disease incidence on plants in untreated plots located near each spore traps was studied during the 2008-2009 season. The presence of airborne inoculum was tested in four locations on tapes collected from the Burkard spore traps from 1 April to 14 June 2009. Total DNA from each fragment of spore trap tape corresponding to 1 day sampling was extracted. P. striiformis f.sp. tritici was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using specific primers and SYBRGreen. The airborne inoculum of P. striiformis was first detected between 7 and 13 April 2009, depending on the location in the Walloon Region. The first symptoms of stripe rust were observed in the fields between 15 May and 2 June 2009. The onset of the disease symptoms was always preceded by a higher peak of airborne inoculum about 15 days earlier. When P. striiformis f.sp. tritici was detected, the daily quantities of spores, collected from a volume of air of 14.4 m3, fluctuated between 0.23 and 154.66. This study shows that spore traps coupled with real-time PCR could be used to assess the airborne inoculum of P. striiformis in order to understand and predict stripe rust outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Dedeurwaerder
- Université catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute, Phytopathology Croix du Sud 2, L7.05.03, BE-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Although the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) method is the acknowledged gold-standard for imaging system assessment, it ignores localisation information and differentiation between multiple abnormalities per case. As the free-response ROC (FROC) method uses localisation information and more closely resembles the clinical reporting process, it is being increasingly used. A number of methods have been proposed to analyse the data that result from an FROC study: jackknife alternative FROC (JAFROC) and a variant termed JAFROC1, initial detection and candidate analysis (IDCA) and ROC analysis via the reduction of the multiple ratings on a case to a single rating. The focus of this paper was to compare JAFROC1, IDCA and the ROC analysis methods using a clinical FROC human data set. All methods agreed on the ordering of the modalities and all yielded statistically significant differences of the figures-of-merit, i.e. p < 0.05. Both IDCA and JAFROC1 yielded much smaller p-values than ROC. The results are consistent with a recent simulation-based validation study comparing these and other methods. In conclusion, IDCA or JAFROC1 analysis of FROC human data may be superior at detecting modality differences than ROC analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Zanca
- Department of Radiology, Leuven University Center of Medical Physics in Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Van Ongeval C, Van Steen A, Marchal G, Zanca F, Bosmans H, Van Limbergen E. 621 Does full-field digital mammography in a decentralized breast cancer screening program lead to comparable screening performance parameters as film-screen mammography? EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)70641-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
22
|
Zanca F, Van Ongeval C, Marshall N, Meylaers T, Michielsen K, Marchal G, Bosmans H. The relationship between the attenuation properties of breast microcalcifications and aluminum. Phys Med Biol 2010; 55:1057-68. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/55/4/010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
23
|
Duvivier M, Dedeurwaerder G, Marchal G, Renard ME, Van Hese V, Moreau JM, Legreve A. Distribution of airborne Mycosphaerella graminicola inoculum at the field scale. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci 2010; 75:635-639. [PMID: 21534470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A network of 10 Burkard 7-day spore-recording traps was set up in the Walloon region in Belgium to monitor the airborne inoculum of wheat pathogens. Three spore traps were used to analyse the distribution of Mycosphaerella graminicola inoculum at the field scale, at 1 m above ground level. Two traps were set up in a wheat field 100 m apart. The third trap was placed 70 m away in a sugar beet field adjacent to the wheat field. Total DNA from each fragment of spore trap tape corresponding to 1 day sampling was extracted and the quantity of M. graminicola was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. The experiment was conducted from July to October 2009. Positive detections were obtained for between 33 and 36 days, depending on the spore traps. When detected, the daily quantities of cDNA, collected from a volume of 14.4 m3, fluctuated between 4.84E+00 and 6.10E+03. Correlation coefficients higher than 0,82 and no significant differences were observed between the quantities of M. graminicola collected by the three spore traps, indicating that, at 1 m above ground level, the distribution of inoculum can be considered as homogenous at the tested field scale. This study confirms that spore traps coupled with real-time PCR could be used to assess the airborne inoculum of M. graminicola and to understand the development of the disease at this scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Duvivier
- Plant Protection and Ecotoxicology Unit, Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques, 11 rue du Bordia, BE-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sage CA, Van Hecke W, Peeters R, Sijbers J, Robberecht W, Parizel P, Marchal G, Leemans A, Sunaert S. Quantitative diffusion tensor imaging in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: revisited. Hum Brain Mapp 2009; 30:3657-75. [PMID: 19404990 PMCID: PMC6870610 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Revised: 03/03/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Voxel-based analyses (VBA) are increasingly being used to detect white matter abnormalities with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in different types of pathologies. However, the validity, specificity, and sensitivity of statistical inferences of group differences to a large extent depend on the quality of the spatial normalization of the DTI images. Using high-dimensional nonrigid coregistration techniques that are able to align both the spatial and orientational diffusion information and incorporate appropriate templates that contain this complete DT information may improve this quality. Alternatively, a hybrid technique such as tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) may improve the reliability of the statistical results by generating voxel-wise statistics without the need for perfect image alignment and spatial smoothing. In this study, we have used (1) a coregistration algorithm that was optimized for coregistration of DTI data and (2) a population-based DTI atlas to reanalyze our previously published VBA, which compared the fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity maps of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with those of healthy controls. Additionally, we performed a complementary TBSS analysis to improve our understanding and interpretation of the VBA results. We demonstrate that, as the overall variance of the diffusion properties is lowered after normalizing the DTI data with such recently developed techniques (VBA using our own optimized high-dimensional nonrigid coregistration and TBSS), more reliable voxel-wise statistical results can be obtained than had previously been possible, with our VBA and TBSS yielding very similar results. This study provides support for the view of ALS as a multisystem disease, in which the entire frontotemporal lobe is implicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A. Sage
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of the Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Hecke
- Vision Lab, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ronald Peeters
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of the Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Sijbers
- Vision Lab, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Robberecht
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of the Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Parizel
- Department of Radiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Guy Marchal
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of the Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alexander Leemans
- CUBRIC, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Images Science Institute, Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Sunaert
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of the Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ni Y, Li J, Cona MM, Chen F, Wang H, Marysael T, de Witte P, Prinsen K, Verbruggen A, Bormans G, Zhou L, Nuyts J, Marchal G, Zhang J, Sun Z. CMR2009: 7.04: Exploitation of necrosis avidity: from diagnostics to theragnostics in oncology. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
26
|
Zanca F, Jacobs J, Van Ongeval C, Claus F, Celis V, Geniets C, Provost V, Pauwels H, Marchal G, Bosmans H. Evaluation of clinical image processing algorithms used in digital mammography. Med Phys 2009; 36:765-75. [PMID: 19378737 DOI: 10.1118/1.3077121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Screening is the only proven approach to reduce the mortality of breast cancer, but significant numbers of breast cancers remain undetected even when all quality assurance guidelines are implemented. With the increasing adoption of digital mammography systems, image processing may be a key factor in the imaging chain. Although to our knowledge statistically significant effects of manufacturer-recommended image processings have not been previously demonstrated, the subjective experience of our radiologists, that the apparent image quality can vary considerably between different algorithms, motivated this study. This article addresses the impact of five such algorithms on the detection of clusters of microcalcifications. A database of unprocessed (raw) images of 200 normal digital mammograms, acquired with the Siemens Novation DR, was collected retrospectively. Realistic simulated microcalcification clusters were inserted in half of the unprocessed images. All unprocessed images were subsequently processed with five manufacturer-recommended image processing algorithms (Agfa Musica 1, IMS Raffaello Mammo 1.2, Sectra Mamea AB Sigmoid, Siemens OPVIEW v2, and Siemens OPVIEW v1). Four breast imaging radiologists were asked to locate and score the clusters in each image on a five point rating scale. The free-response data were analyzed by the jackknife free-response receiver operating characteristic (JAFROC) method and, for comparison, also with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) method. JAFROC analysis revealed highly significant differences between the image processings (F = 8.51, p < 0.0001), suggesting that image processing strongly impacts the detectability of clusters. Siemens OPVIEW2 and Siemens OPVIEW1 yielded the highest and lowest performances, respectively. ROC analysis of the data also revealed significant differences between the processing but at lower significance (F = 3.47, p = 0.0305) than JAFROC. Both statistical analysis methods revealed that the same six pairs of modalities were significantly different, but the JAFROC confidence intervals were about 32% smaller than ROC confidence intervals. This study shows that image processing has a significant impact on the detection of microcalcifications in digital mammograms. Objective measurements, such as described here, should be used by the manufacturers to select the optimal image processing algorithm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Zanca
- Department of Radiology and Leuven University Center of Medical Physics in Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
|
28
|
Lieben M, Van Steen A, Marchal G. Invasive ductular adenocarcinoma after breast implants removal. JBR-BTR 2009; 92:160-161. [PMID: 19670578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Lieben
- Department of Radiology, UZ Gasthuisberg, KUL, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sun X, Wang H, Chen F, De Keyzer F, Yu J, Jiang Y, Feng Y, Li J, Marchal G, Ni Y. Diffusion-weighted MRI of hepatic tumor in rats: comparison between in vivo and postmortem imaging acquisitions. J Magn Reson Imaging 2009; 29:621-8. [PMID: 19243058 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.21675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the feasibility of in vivo diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to distinguish between normal liver, viable tumor and necrosis compared to postmortem DWI in a rat model with vascular-targeting treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen rats with liver implantation of 30 rhabdomyosarcomas were treated with combretastatin A-4-phosphate (CA4P) at 10 mg/kg. Two days after treatment, T2-weighted imaging, precontrast T1-weighted imaging, postcontrast T1-weighted imaging, and DWI were performed in vivo and postmortem with a 1.5T scanner. Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) calculated from DWIs with b values of 0, 50, and 100 seconds/mm2 (ADClow), 500, 750, and 1000 seconds/mm2 (ADChigh), 0, 500, and 1000 seconds/mm2 (ADC3b), and 0-1000 seconds/mm2 (ADC10b) for tumor, liver, therapeutic necrosis, and phantoms were compared and validated with ex vivo microangiographic and histopathologic findings. RESULTS Except ADClow between tumor and necrosis, in vivo ADCs successfully differentiated liver, viable tumor, and necrosis (P<0.05). Compared to in vivo outcomes, postmortem ADCs significantly dropped in tumor and liver (P<0.05) except ADChigh of tumor, but not in necrosis and phantoms. Compared to ADClow, ADChigh was less affected by vital status. CONCLUSION Advantageous over postmortem DWI, in vivo DWI provides a noninvasive easy-performing tool for distinguishing between liver, viable tumor, and necrosis. ADClow and ADChigh better reflect tissue perfusion and water diffusion, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xihe Sun
- Section of Radiology, Department of Medical Diagnostic Science, University Hospitals, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wu X, Wang H, Chen F, Jin L, Li J, Feng Y, DeKeyzer F, Yu J, Marchal G, Ni Y. Rat model of reperfused partial liver infarction: characterization with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, microangiography, and histomorphology. Acta Radiol 2009; 50:276-87. [PMID: 19160078 DOI: 10.1080/02841850802647021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rat model of reperfused partial liver infarction (RPLI) has been increasingly used in studying new diagnostics and therapeutics. PURPOSE To characterize the RPLI model using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), microangiography, and histopathology. MATERIAL AND METHODS RPLI was induced in eight rats by occluding hepatic inflow to the right liver lobe for 3 hours. MRI was performed at a 1.5 T clinical scanner 6 hours after reperfusion to obtain T2-weighted (T2WI), T1-weighted (T1WI), contrast-enhanced (CE) T1WI, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps, T1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced (T1-DC) perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI), and T2*-weighted dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced (T2*-DSC) PWI images. Rats were sacrificed for microangiography and histomorphology. In vivo morphological and functional MRI parameters, including maximum initial slope (MIS), K value, relative blood flow (rBF), relative blood volume (rBV), time to peak (TTP), and mean transit time (MTT), were matched with postmortem findings. RESULTS The infarcted lobe was conspicuous from normal liver with lower and higher signal intensity on T1WI (P=0.018) and T2WI (P=0.001), respectively. Contrast between infarcted and normal liver reversed on CE-T1WI after gadolinium injection. The infarction averaged 37.5% of total liver volume. DWI and ADC maps were able to detect subtle perfusion-related differences (P<0.05). With T1-DC-PWI, increased extravasation and vascular permeability were reflected by significantly greater MIS (P=0.034) and K value (P=0.014) in infarction. T2*-DSC-PWI showed lower rBF and rBV with shorter TTP and MTT in infarcted liver (P<0.05). In vivo MRI findings corresponded well with postmortem outcomes. CONCLUSION RPLI in rats could be characterized by multiparametric MRI and postmortem assessments, with insight into the no-reflow phenomenon, which implies its further application for preclinical assessments of new pharmaceutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X. Wu
- Radiology Section, Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences, University Hospitals, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Group, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - H. Wang
- Radiology Section, Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences, University Hospitals, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Group, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - F. Chen
- Radiology Section, Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences, University Hospitals, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Group, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - L. Jin
- Radiology Section, Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences, University Hospitals, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Group, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. Li
- Radiology Section, Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences, University Hospitals, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Group, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Y. Feng
- Radiology Section, Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences, University Hospitals, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Group, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - F. DeKeyzer
- Radiology Section, Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences, University Hospitals, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Group, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. Yu
- Radiology Section, Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences, University Hospitals, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Group, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - G. Marchal
- Radiology Section, Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences, University Hospitals, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Group, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Y. Ni
- Radiology Section, Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences, University Hospitals, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Group, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ni Y, Wang H, Chen F, Li J, DeKeyzer F, Feng Y, Yu J, Bosmans H, Marchal G. Tumor models and specific contrast agents for small animal imaging in oncology. Methods 2009; 48:125-38. [PMID: 19328231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2009.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of various imaging modalities in clinical and experimental oncology without or with combined application of commercially available nonspecific contrast agents (CAs), development of tissue- or organ- or disease-specific CAs has been a continuing effort for pursuing ever-improved sensitivity, specificity, and applicability. This is particularly true with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to its intrinsic superb spatial/temporal/contrast resolutions and adequate detectability for tiny amount of substances. In this context, research using small animal tumor models has played an indispensible role in preclinical exploration of tissue specific CAs. Emphasizing more on methodological and practical aspects, this article aims to share our cumulated experiences on how to create tumor models for evaluation and development of new tissue specific MRI CAs and how to apply such models in imaging-based research studies. With the results that are repeatedly confirmed by later clinical applications in cancer patients, some of our early preclinical studies have contributed to the designs of subsequent clinical trials on the new CAs, some studies have predicted new utilities of these CAs; and other studies have led to the discoveries of new tissue- or disease-specific CAs with novel diagnostic or even therapeutic potentials. Among commonly adopted tumor models, the chemically induced and surgically implanted nodules in the liver prove very useful to simulate primary and metastatic intrahepatic tumors, respectively in clinical patients. The methods to create tumor models have eased procedures and yielded high success rates. The specific properties of the new CAs could be outshined by intraindividual comparison to the commercial CAs as nonspecific controls. Meticulous imaging-microangiography-histology matching techniques guaranteed colocalization of the lesion on in vivo MRI and postmortem tissue specimen, hence correct imaging interpretation and longstanding conclusions. As exemplified in the real study cases, the present experimental set-up proves applicable in small animals for imaging-based oncological investigations, and may provide a platform for the currently booming molecular imaging in a multimodality environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Ni
- Section of Radiology, Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Group, University of Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Mulier S, Ruers T, Jamart J, Michel L, Marchal G, Ni Y. Radiofrequency ablation versus resection for resectable colorectal liver metastases: time for a randomized trial? An update. Dig Surg 2009; 25:445-60. [PMID: 19212117 DOI: 10.1159/000184736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent proposal of a randomized trial comparing resection and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in a selected subgroup of patients with small resectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) has initiated a debate on this issue. Meanwhile, new data have been published. The aim of the study was to update and critically review the oncological evidence in favor of and against the use of RFA for resectable CRLM in general and in favor of and against conducting a randomized trial in a selected subgroup of patients. METHODS An exhaustive review was carried out of papers and abstracts on RFA of colorectal metastases published before July 15, 2008. RESULTS Local recurrence rate after resection of CRLM is 1.2-10.4%. Local recurrence rate after RFA of CRLM is between 1.7 and 66.7%. For tumors <3 cm, local control after open RFA is equivalent to resection. Local recurrence rates, however, are higher for larger tumors and for the percutaneous and laparoscopic route. Accumulating evidence suggests that RFA and resection induce profoundly different biological effects, which may influence survival. CONCLUSIONS Local recurrence rate after open RFA for CRLM <3 cm seems to be equivalent to resection. A randomized trial under strict conditions would be justified in this subgroup of patients. A randomized trial is currently not justified for larger tumors or for percutaneous or laparoscopic RFA, since local recurrence rates in these groups are too high to be acceptable for resectable tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefaan Mulier
- Department of Surgery, Leopold Park Clinic, CHIREC Cancer Institute, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zanca F, Chakraborty DP, Van Ongeval C, Jacobs J, Claus F, Marchal G, Bosmans H. An improved method for simulating microcalcifications in digital mammograms. Med Phys 2008; 35:4012-8. [PMID: 18841852 DOI: 10.1118/1.2968334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The assessment of the performance of a digital mammography system requires an observer study with a relatively large number of cases with known truth which is often difficult to assemble. Several investigators have developed methods for generating hybrid abnormal images containing simulated microcalcifications. This article addresses some of the limitations of earlier methods. The new method is based on digital images of needle biopsy specimens. Since the specimens are imaged separately from the breast, the microcalcification attenuation profile scan is deduced without the effects of over and underlying tissues. The resulting templates are normalized for image acquisition specific parameters and reprocessed to simulate microcalcifications appropriate to other imaging systems, with different x-ray, detector and image processing parameters than the original acquisition system. This capability is not shared by previous simulation methods that have relied on extracting microcalcifications from breast images. The method was validated by five experienced mammographers who compared 59 pairs of simulated and real microcalcifications in a two-alternative forced choice task designed to test if they could distinguish the real from the simulated lesions. They also classified the shapes of the microcalcifications according to a standardized clinical lexicon. The observed probability of correct choice was 0.415, 95% confidence interval (0.284, 0.546), showing that the radiologists were unable to distinguish the lesions. The shape classification revealed substantial agreement with the truth (mean kappa = 0.70), showing that we were able to accurately simulate the lesion morphology. While currently limited to single microcalcifications, the method is extensible to more complex clusters of microcalcifications and to three-dimensional images. It can be used to objectively assess an imaging technology, especially with respect to its ability to adequately visualize the morphology of the lesions, which is a critical factor in the benign versus malignant classification of a lesion detected in screening mammography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Zanca
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cannie M, Jani J, Meersschaert J, Allegaert K, Done' E, Marchal G, Deprest J, Dymarkowski S. Prenatal prediction of survival in isolated diaphragmatic hernia using observed to expected total fetal lung volume determined by magnetic resonance imaging based on either gestational age or fetal body volume. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2008; 32:633-639. [PMID: 18792417 DOI: 10.1002/uog.6139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the predictive value of the prenatal observed to expected (o/e) lung volume as measured by fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), based on an algorithm using either the gestational age or fetal body volume (FBV), for neonatal survival of fetuses with isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). METHODS We included 53 fetuses with a prenatal diagnosis of isolated CDH, 26 without and 27 with prenatal tracheal occlusion, who were assessed by fetal MRI, liveborn after 32 weeks, and in whom follow-up until discharge from the neonatal care unit was available. Measurements of lung volumes were expressed as a percentage of the appropriate mean (o/e total fetal lung volume (TFLV) x 100) either for gestational age or for FBV. Measurements of FBV were expressed as a percentage of the appropriate mean (o/e FBV x 100) for gestation. Fetuses with prenatal intervention were all assessed > or = 24 h after balloon removal. Regression analysis was used to examine the effect on postnatal survival of either o/e TFLV based on gestational age or based on FBV, gestation at delivery, side of CDH, intrathoracic position of the liver and prenatal intervention. Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curves were constructed for the prediction of survival by o/e TFLV based on gestational age and o/e TFLV based on FBV, for all fetuses, as well as for those with o/e FBV between 90 and 110% and those with values beyond that range. A power calculation for the number of fetuses needed to show a difference between the ROC curves was performed. RESULTS Regression analysis demonstrated that o/e TFLV based on gestational age and on FBV were the only independent predictors of postnatal survival. The area under the ROC curve for prediction of postnatal survival from the o/e TFLV based on gestational age was 0.811, and for that based on FBV it was 0.868 (P < 0.001 for both). For fetuses with o/e FBV between 90 and 110%, and those with values < 90% and > 110%, the area for measurements based on gestational age was 0.895 and 0.733, respectively; when based on FBV it was 0.906 and 0.833 (P < 0.01 for all). A minimum of 273 patients would be needed to provide a probability of 90% of detecting a difference between the areas under both ROC curves. CONCLUSIONS In fetuses with isolated CDH, lung volume as measured by fetal MRI was significantly correlated with survival. Prediction tended to be better by o/e TFLV based on FBV rather than gestational age. The difference in the prediction of survival between o/e TFLV based on FBV or gestational age was dependent on fetal biometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Cannie
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Mulier S, Ruers T, Michel L, Jamart J, Marchal G, Ni Y. A Place for Radiofrequency Ablation in the Treatment of Resectable Colorectal Liver Metastases? Ann Surg Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-008-9951-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
36
|
Blockmans D, Coudyzer W, Vanderschueren S, Stroobants S, Loeckx D, Heye S, De Ceuninck L, Marchal G, Bobbaers H. Relationship between fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the large vessels and late aortic diameter in giant cell arteritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 47:1179-84. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ken119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
37
|
Zanca F, Van Ongeval C, Jacobs J, Marchal G, Bosmans H. A quantitative method for evaluating the detectability of lesions in digital mammography. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2008; 129:214-218. [PMID: 18319282 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncn049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a quantitative method for evaluating the detectability of microcalcifications in digital mammography. Four hundred and twenty microcalcifications (with various morphology, size and contrast), simulated with a previously validated method, were used for the creation of image datasets. Lesions were inserted into 163 regions of interests of 59 selected raw digital mammograms with various anatomical backgrounds and acquired with a Siemens Novation DR. After processing, these composite images were scored by experienced radiologists, who located multiple simulated lesions and rated them under conditions of free-search. For statistical analysis, free-response receiver-operating characteristic curves are plotted; the use of jackknife free-response receiver-operating characteristic method has also been investigated. The main advantage of this methodology is that the exact number of inserted microcalcifications is well known and that the lesions are fully characterised in terms of pathology, size, morphology and peak contrast. A first application has been the evaluation of the effect of anatomical background on microcalcifications detection. Preliminary findings in this study indicate that this method may be a promising tool to evaluate factors that have an influence on the detectability of lesions, such as the clinical processing or the viewing conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Zanca
- University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Van Ongeval C, Van Steen A, Geniets C, Dekeyzer F, Bosmans H, Marchal G. Clinical image quality criteria for full field digital mammography: a first practical application. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2008; 129:265-270. [PMID: 18319279 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncn029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In order to quantify the clinical quality of full-field digital mammography, a set of image quality parameters is developed. The set consisted of 12 image quality criteria and 8 physical characteristics of the image. The first set interrogates the visibility of anatomical structures and typical characteristics of a digital image, such as noise and saturation of dark and white areas. The second set of criteria evaluates contrast, sharpness and confidence with the representation of masses, microcalcifications and the image. The use of these criteria is reported in a retrospective study, in which the impact of dose on the radiological quality of digital mammograms is evaluated. Fifty patients acquired in a low-dose mode were retrieved and compared with 50 patients acquired in a dose mode that was set 41% higher. The dose affects, more than expected, contrast and sharpness of the image, whereas the visibility of the anatomical structures remains unchanged. With these parameters, quantification of the image quality is possible; however, because of subjectivity of the parameters, only intra-observer comparison and evaluation of the individual parameters rather than the overall results are advised. Together with physical tests of image quality, critical radiological evaluation of the quality should be included in the acceptance process of digital mammography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Van Ongeval
- Department of Radiology, UZ Leuven, campus Gasthuisberg, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chen F, Liu Q, Wang H, Suzuki Y, Nagai N, Yu J, Marchal G, Ni Y. Comparing two methods for assessment of perfusion-diffusion mismatch in a rodent model of ischaemic stroke: a pilot study. Br J Radiol 2008; 81:192-8. [PMID: 18180261 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/70940134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This stroke experiment was designed to define the mismatch between perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in MRI by applying early or instantly acquired PWI. Eight rats were induced with stroke through photothrombotic occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and scanned serially between 1 h and day 3 after induction using DWI and PWI with a 1.5 T MR scanner. The relative lesion volumes (rLV) on MRI and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride-stained specimens were defined as the proportion of lesion volume over brain volume. Discrepancies in the rLV between PWI- and DWI-derived apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were expressed by subtraction of the ADC from PWI, resulting in three possible patterns: (i) (PWI-ADC > 10% of PWI) denoting a mismatch; (ii) (-(10% of PWI) <or= PWI-ADC <or= 10% of PWI) denoting a match; and (iii) (PWI-ADC < -(10% of PWI)) denoting a reverse mismatch. The differences were compared with the minuend being either early PWI (ePWI) or instant PWI (iPWI) and the subtrahend being instant ADC (iADC). The occurrence and evolution of PWI-ADC patterns were analysed. Over time, PWI-ADC discrepancies evolved from mismatch, through to match, to reversed mismatch. The PWI-ADC mismatch still existed 3 days after MCA occlusion in one to three of the eight cases. The rLVs and mismatch incidences between the ePWI-iADC and iPWI-iADC models were linear correlated. A higher mismatch rate occurred in iPWI-iADC within day 1 and in ePWI-iADC at day 3. Both ePWI and iPWI proved useful to define PWI-ADC patterns within day 1. At day 3, iPWI appeared more adequate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Chen
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals, Catholic University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ni Y, Putte MVD, Fonge H, Verbruggen A, de Witte P, Marchal G. CMR 2007: 1.06: Necrosis avid contrast agents: evidence in favor of hypothetical mechanisms and new potential applications. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
41
|
Depreitere B, Aviv R, Symons S, Schwartz M, Coudyzer W, Wilms G, Marchal G. Study of perfusion in and around cerebral contusions by means of computed tomography. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplements 2008; 102:259-62. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-85578-2_49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
42
|
Liu Q, Monbaliu D, Vekemans K, Peeters R, De Keyzer F, Dresselaers T, Ni Y, Van Hecke P, Komuta M, Brassil J, Marchal G, Pirenne J. Can apparent diffusion coefficient discriminate ischemic from nonischemic livers? A pilot experimental study. Transplant Proc 2007; 39:2643-6. [PMID: 17954198 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Using magnetic resonance imaging, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) is an indicator to assess cerebral ischemia. The aim of this porcine study was to evaluate whether ADC assessed hepatic ischemia during ex vivo hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) as well as in vivo. METHODS Ex vivo: ADC of normal versus warm ischemic (WI) livers was assessed during HMP and subsequent rewarming to mimic ischemia-reperfusion injury. As the preservation solution, we used either an acellular solution or diluted blood. WI was induced in the left lobe or in the whole liver and compared 2-hour WI and non-WI. In vivo: One liver was scanned with the left lobe vessels occluded for 2-hour WI and subsequently for 3 hour reperfusion to compare with the right lobe without WI. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the perfusate and morphology were used as surrogates of WI. RESULTS In all WI livers, AST reached high levels and histology showed severe injury. Ex vivo ADC during acellular perfusion showed negligible differences between the livers with versus without WI, namely, 0.75 x 10(-3) or 0.88 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s during HMP. Ex vivo ADC using sanguineous perfusion showed 1.11 x 10(-3) or 0.83 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s during HMP in regions with versus without WI, respectively, a difference that remained stable during the whole experiment. ADC in vivo decreased from the physiological level of 1.07 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s to 0.75 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s in the first 30 minutes of WI, whereas ADC in the non-WI liver remained constant. CONCLUSION ADC in vivo decreased during hepatic ischemia, as previously seen in cerebral ischemia. However, the effect of WI on ADC was less clear during ex vivo HMP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Q Liu
- Abdominal Transplant Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Cannie M, Jani J, Meerschaert J, Allegaert K, van Mieghem T, Marchal G, Dymarkowski S, Deprest J. 555: Prenatal prediction of survival in isolated diaphragmatic hernia with observed over expected total fetal lung volume determined by magnetic resonance imaging based either on fetal body volume or gestational age. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.10.579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
44
|
Loeckx D, Coudyzer W, Maes F, Vandermeulen D, Wilms G, Marchal G, Suetens P. Nonrigid registration for subtraction CT angiography applied to the carotids and cranial arteries. Acad Radiol 2007; 14:1562-76. [PMID: 18035285 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2007.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2006] [Revised: 06/06/2007] [Accepted: 06/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is an established tool for vascular imaging. However, high-intensity nonvascular structures in the contrast image can seriously hamper luminal visualization. This is an issue for three-dimensional visualization, where high-intensity structures might cover the underlying vasculature. But also in two dimensions, calcified plaques adjacent to the contrast-enhanced vessel lumen impede correct determination of the vessel boundary. High-intensity structures can be eliminated using subtraction CTA, where a native image is subtracted from the contrast image. However, patient and organ motion limits the widespread application of this technique. We propose to use nonrigid image registration to solve this problem. MATERIALS AND METHODS For each patient, a native image and a contrast image are recorded, respectively, before and after contrast administration. The native image is registered to the contrast image using an automatic intensity-based nonrigid three-dimensional registration algorithm. Both images are merged in a fused image, allowing the user to switch between a view of the arteries, the bone or both. The procedure has been applied to 95 patients. RESULTS In all cases, subtraction CTA using nonrigid registration allows for a significantly better artifacts removal than subtraction CTA without registration. Image quality of all images was judged adequate for clinical use. The average total processing time for each dataset is about 30 minutes. CONCLUSION Nonrigid registration can allow for a great reduction in subtraction artifacts for subtraction CTA, resulting in a clear view of the vasculature.
Collapse
|
45
|
Maleux G, De Keyzer F, Prinsloo J, Heye S, Nevens F, Marchal G. Dynamic MR perfusion measurements before and after TIPS in cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites. Acad Radiol 2007; 14:1400-8. [PMID: 17964463 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2007.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2007] [Revised: 06/07/2007] [Accepted: 06/07/2007] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES We sought to assess changes in liver perfusion parameters induced by transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation in cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites using dynamic MR perfusion measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS MR perfusion measurements were performed before and after TIPS creation in 15 cirrhotic patients all with refractory ascites. Measurements were performed over a time period of 120 seconds providing 60 images for each examination and calculations were done in both liver and splenic parenchyma. Different perfusion parameters were assessed: time to peak (TTP), time to inflow deceleration (TID), maximal or peak perfusion (C-peak) and the wash-in rate. RESULTS TIPS procedures were successful in all 15 patients but were complicated by hepatic encephalopathy in 3 patients (20%), and in another 4 patients (26%), persistent refractory ascites was still noted during follow-up. Overall, liver TID values decreased significantly (P = .001) after TIPS creation; liver wash-in values increased significantly (P = .04) after TIPS. TTP values did not decrease significantly (P = .16) and liver C-peak values did not change equally (P = .99). CONCLUSION In cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites, TIPS induced a faster, but not an increased, contrast enhancement in the liver.
Collapse
|
46
|
Lagranderie M, Abolhassani M, Vanoirbeek J, Huerre M, Vargaftig B, Marchal G. 010 Mycobacterium bovis BCG inactivated by extended freeze-drying (EFD) controls experimental asthma via plasmacytoid dendritic cells promoting regulatory T cells. Rev Mal Respir 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(07)74301-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
47
|
Chen F, De Keyzer F, Wang H, Vandecaveye V, Landuyt W, Bosmans H, Hermans R, Marchal G, Ni Y. Diffusion weighted imaging in small rodents using clinical MRI scanners. Methods 2007; 43:12-20. [PMID: 17720559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2007.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2007] [Revised: 03/26/2007] [Accepted: 03/27/2007] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) has emerged as a unique and powerful non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique with a major potential impact on imaging-based diagnosis in a variety of clinical applications including oncology and tissue viability assessment. In light of increasing demand for applying this technique in preclinical investigations using small animals, we have explored the potentials of a clinical magnet for acquiring the DWI in rats and mice with either cerebral ischemia or solid tumors. Through technical adaptation and optimization, we have been able to perform a series of clinically relevant animal studies with conclusions based on DWI quantification. Focusing more on practical aspects and cross-referencing with the current literature, this paper is aimed to summarize our ongoing DWI studies on small rodents with stroke and tumors, and to provide protocols for researchers to replicate similar techniques in their own preclinical and clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Biomedical Imaging, Interventional Therapy and Contrast Media Research, Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Mulier S, Ni Y, Jamart J, Michel L, Marchal G, Ruers T. Radiofrequency ablation versus resection for resectable colorectal liver metastases: time for a randomized trial? Ann Surg Oncol 2007; 15:144-57. [PMID: 17906898 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-007-9478-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2007] [Accepted: 05/07/2007] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical resection is the gold standard in the treatment of resectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). In several centers, resection is being replaced by radiofrequency ablation (RFA), even though there is no evidence yet from randomized trials to support this. The aim of this study was to critically review the oncological evidence for and against the use of RFA for resectable CRLM. METHODS An exhaustive review of RFA of colorectal metastases was carried out. RESULTS Five-year survival data after RFA for resectable CRLM are not available. Percutaneous RFA is associated with worse local control, worse staging, and a small risk of electrode track seeding when compared with resection (level V evidence). For tumors </=3 cm, local control after surgical RFA is equivalent to resection, especially if applied by experienced physicians to nonperivascular tumors (level V evidence). There is indirect evidence for profoundly different biological effects of RFA and resection. CONCLUSIONS A subgroup of patients has been identified for whom local control after RFA might be equivalent to resection. Whether this is true, and whether this translates into equivalent survival, remains to be proven. The time has come for a randomized trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefaan Mulier
- Department of Surgery, Leopold Park Clinic, Froissartstraat 34, B-1040, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Chen F, Suzuki Y, Nagai N, Sun X, Wang H, Yu J, Marchal G, Ni Y. Microplasmin and tissue plasminogen activator: comparison of therapeutic effects in rat stroke model at multiparametric MR imaging. Radiology 2007; 244:429-38. [PMID: 17581889 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2442061316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To prospectively compare therapeutic and hemorrhagic effects of microplasmin and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in stroke therapy by using multiparametric magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in a photothrombotic rat stroke model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The animal experiment complied with institutional regulations for laboratory animals. Stroke was induced in rats with photothrombotic occlusion of middle cerebral artery (MCA). T2-weighted, perfusion-weighted (PW), and diffusion-weighted (DW) MR imaging was performed 1 hour and 24 hours after occlusion. On the basis of PW and DW images at 1 hour, 49 rats with cortex and subcortex involvement and with perfusion-diffusion mismatch were randomly assigned into one of four groups: control group, group treated with 7.5 mg microplasmin, group treated with 10 mg/kg microplasmin, or group treated with 10 mg/kg tPA. Agents were intravenously injected 1.5 hours after occlusion. Infarct size and hemorrhagic transformation were assessed with MR imaging and histomorphologic findings. Neurologic deficit was scored. Measurements were statistically analyzed. RESULTS There were 13 rats in the control group, 13 in the 7.5 mg/kg microplasmin group, nine in the 10 mg/kg microplasmin group, and 14 in the 10 mg/kg tPA group. Despite similar baseline perfusion-diffusion mismatch, histochemically defined total infarct volume was reduced from 25% +/- 5 (standard deviation) in control group to 21% +/- 2, 20% +/- 4, and 20% +/- 5 in 7.5 mg/kg microplasmin, 10 mg/kg microplasmin, and tPA groups, respectively, as similarly shown on T2-weighted, DW, and PW images at 24 hours (P < .05). Cerebral hemorrhage rate at 24 hours was higher in tPA group than in the other three groups. Bederson score of neurologic deficits was significantly reduced in treated groups compared with that in control group. CONCLUSION Perfusion-diffusion mismatch appeared useful in selecting candidates for thrombolytic therapy. Multiparametric MR imaging allowed noninvasive assessment of effects of microplasmin and tPA in rats; microplasmin had a significantly lower hemorrhagic rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Jacobs J, Rogge F, Kotre J, Marchal G, Bosmans H. Preliminary validation of a new variable pattern for daily quality assurance of medical image display devices. Med Phys 2007; 34:2744-58. [PMID: 17821982 DOI: 10.1118/1.2742502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports on a comparative study between the well-established test patterns for daily quality assurance (QA) of monitors of the American Association of Medical Physicists, Task Group 18 (AAPMtg18) and the Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V (DIN), and a newly proposed variable test pattern. A characteristic of the test patterns currently used for the QA of monitors is their static nature: The same test pattern is always used. This enables a learning effect that may bias the results over time. To address this problem we have developed a variable pattern for the quality assurance of monitors (MoniQA) that allows an evaluation of contrast visibility, geometric distortion, resolution, global image quality including uniformity, and artifacts. The test pattern includes randomly generated elements intended to prevent the observer from learning the test. Examples are random characters that have to be discriminated from the background to evaluate the threshold luminance difference and variable positions of different features in the test pattern. The newly proposed test patterns were generated and visualized on different viewing stations with a software tool developed in JAVA. In this study, we validated these patterns against the well-known AAPMtg18 and DIN test patterns on 22 monitors. The results showed that the MoniQA test can indicate the same monitor problems as the other well-known patterns and is significantly quicker to evaluate than the AAPMtg18 test patterns. The MoniQA pattern is a promising alternative for daily quality control of medical viewing stations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jurgen Jacobs
- University Hospitals of Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Brabant 3000, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|