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Ahmadi S, Taghizadieh M, Mehdizadehfar E, Hasani A, Khalili Fard J, Feizi H, Hamishehkar H, Ansarin M, Yekani M, Memar MY. Gut microbiota in neurological diseases: Melatonin plays an important regulatory role. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116487. [PMID: 38518598 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a highly conserved molecule produced in the human pineal gland as a hormone. It is known for its essential biological effects, such as antioxidant activity, circadian rhythm regulator, and immunomodulatory effects. The gut is one of the primary known sources of melatonin. The gut microbiota helps produce melatonin from tryptophan, and melatonin has been shown to have a beneficial effect on gut barrier function and microbial population. Dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota is associated with bacterial imbalance and decreased beneficial microbial metabolites, including melatonin. In this way, low melatonin levels may be related to several human diseases. Melatonin has shown both preventive and therapeutic effects against various conditions, including neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. This review was aimed to discuss the role of melatonin in the body, and to describe the possible relationship between gut microbiota and melatonin production, as well as the potential therapeutic effects of melatonin on neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Ahmadi
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghizadieh
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Center for Women's Health Research Zahra, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Mehdizadehfar
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alka Hasani
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Clinical Research Development Unit, Sina Educational, Research and Treatment Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Khalili Fard
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Medical Microbiology, Aalinasab Hospital, Social Security Organization, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hammed Hamishehkar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masood Ansarin
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mina Yekani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Yousef Memar
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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2
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Feizi H, Alizadeh M, Azimi H, Khodadadi E, Kamounah FS, Ganbarov K, Ghotaslou R, Rezaee MA, Kafil HS. Induction of proteome changes involved in the cloning of mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes in Escherichia coli DH5-α strain to evaluate colistin resistance. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2024; 36:151-159. [PMID: 38154746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Plasmid genes, termed mobile colistin resistance-1 (mcr-1) and mobile colistin resistance-2 (mcr-2), are associated with resistance to colistin in Escherichia coli (E. coli). These mcr genes result in a range of protein modifications contributing to colistin resistance. This study aims to discern the proteomic characteristics of E. coli-carrying mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes. Furthermore, it evaluates the expression levels of various proteins under different conditions (with and without colistin). METHODS Plasmid extraction was performed using an alkaline lysis-based plasmid extraction kit, whereas polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the presence of mcr-1 and mcr-2 plasmids. The E. coli DH5α strain served as the competent cell for accepting and transforming mcr-1 and mcr-2 plasmids. We assessed proteomic alterations in the E. coli DH5α strain both with and without colistin in the growth medium. Proteomic data were analysed using mass spectrometry. RESULTS The findings revealed significant protein changes in the E. coli DH5α strain following cloning of mcr-1 and mcr-2 plasmids. Of the 20 proteins in the DH5α strain, expression in 8 was suppressed following transformation. In the presence of colistin in the culture medium, 39 new proteins were expressed following transformation with mcr-1 and mcr-2 plasmids. The proteins with altered expression play various roles. CONCLUSION The results of this study highlight numerous protein alterations in E. coli resulting from mcr-1 and mcr-2-mediated resistance to colistin. This understanding can shed light on the resistance mechanism. Additionally, the proteomic variations observed in the presence and absence of colistin might indicate potential adverse effects of indiscriminate antibiotic exposure on treatment efficacy and heightened pathogenicity of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Feizi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Aalinasab Hospital, Social Security Organization, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Alizadeh
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Azimi
- Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ehsaneh Khodadadi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Fadhil S Kamounah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Khudaverdi Ganbarov
- Research Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Reza Ghotaslou
- Immunology Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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3
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Sheykhsaran E, Abbasi A, Ebrahimzadeh Leylabadlo H, Sadeghi J, Mehri S, Naeimi Mazraeh F, Feizi H, Bannazadeh Baghi H. Gut microbiota and obesity: an overview of microbiota to microbial-based therapies. Postgrad Med J 2023; 99:384-402. [PMID: 37294712 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-141311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of obesity and overweight is a significant public concern throughout the world. Obesity is a complex disorder involving an excessive amount of body fat. It is not just a cosmetic concern. It is a medical challenge that increases the risk of other diseases and health circumstances, such as diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure and certain cancers. Environmental and genetic factors are involved in obesity as a significant metabolic disorder along with diabetes. Gut microbiota (GM) has a high potential for energy harvesting from the diet. In the current review, we aim to consider the role of GM, gut dysbiosis and significant therapies to treat obesity. Dietary modifications, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics compounds, using faecal microbiota transplant, and other microbial-based therapies are the strategies to intervene in obesity reducing improvement. Each of these factors serves through various mechanisms including a variety of receptors and compounds to control body weight. Trial and animal investigations have indicated that GM can affect both sides of the energy-balancing equation; first, as an influencing factor for energy utilisation from the diet and also as an influencing factor that regulates the host genes and energy storage and expenditure. All the investigated articles declare the clear and inevitable role of GM in obesity. Overall, obesity and obesity-relevant metabolic disorders are characterised by specific modifications in the human microbiota's composition and functions. The emerging therapeutic methods display positive and promising effects; however, further research must be done to update and complete existing knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Sheykhsaran
- Immunology Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Abbasi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Sciences and Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Javid Sadeghi
- Immunology Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samaneh Mehri
- Department of Biochemistry and structural Biology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Fariba Naeimi Mazraeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi
- Immunology Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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4
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Feizi H, Plotnikov A, Rezaee MA, Ganbarov K, Kamounah FS, Nikitin S, Kadkhoda H, Gholizadeh P, Pagliano P, Kafil HS. Postbiotics versus probiotics in early-onset colorectal cancer. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:3573-3582. [PMID: 36250549 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2132464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics and postbiotics mechanisms of action and applications in early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) prevention and treatment have significant importance but are a matter of debate and controversy. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to define the probiotics concept, advantages and limitations in comparison to postbiotics, and proposed mechanisms of anti-tumor action in EOCRC prevention and treatment of postbiotics. Biotics (probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics) could confer the health benefit by affecting the host gut microbiota directly and indirectly. The main mechanisms of action of probiotics in exerting anticancer features include immune system regulation, inhibition of cancer cell propagation, gut dysbiosis restoration, anticancer agents' production, gut barrier function renovation, and cancer-promoting agents' reduction. Postbiotics are suggested to have different mechanisms of action to restore eubiosis against EOCRC, including modulation of gut microbiota composition, gut microbial metabolites regulation, and intestinal barrier function improvement via different features such as immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-proliferative properties. A better understanding of postbiotics challenges and mechanism of action in therapeutic applications will allow us to sketch accurate trials in order to use postbiotics as bio-therapeutics in EOCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Feizi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Andrey Plotnikov
- Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | | | - Khudaverdi Ganbarov
- Research Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Fadhil S Kamounah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sergei Nikitin
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Hiva Kadkhoda
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pourya Gholizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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5
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Feizi H, Rezaee MA, Ghotaslou R, Sadrkabir M, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Gholizadeh P, Taghizadeh S, Ghanbarov K, Yousefi M, Kafil HS. Gut microbiota and colorectal cancer risk factors. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2022; 24:1018-1034. [PMID: 36200153 DOI: 10.2174/1389201023666221005103340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a type of gut cancer originating either from the rectum or colon. Genetic and environmental factors, such as gut microbiome, play pivotal roles in colorectal cancer incidence rates. Therefore, we aimed to review the risk factors of CRC comprising gut bacteriomes and their intra-interactions with each other in the context of CRC development. Gut microbiota alteration, especially bacteriome alteration as the dominant player, seems to be the common feature amongst all risk factors. Although it is not quite obvious whether these alterations are the causes or the consequences of the tumorigenesis risk factors, they are common and almost universal among CRC-affected individuals. In addition, bacterial genotoxicity, biofilm formation, oxidative stress, bacterial metabolome, and dysbiosis are assessed in CRC development. The present study suggests that gut microbial alterations could be the key intermediate, as a cause or a consequence, between most risk factors of CRC and the way they promote or contribute to CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Feizi
- Drug Applied Research Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Internal medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ahangarzadeh Rezaee
- Drug Applied Research Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Ghotaslou
- Drug Applied Research Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadrkabir
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Research Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Pourya Gholizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepehr Taghizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khudaverdi Ghanbarov
- Research Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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6
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Akbarian M, Mirzavi F, Amirahmadi S, Hosseini M, Alipour M, Feizi H, Rajabian A. Amelioration of oxidative stress, cholinergic dysfunction, and neuroinflammation in scopolamine-induced amnesic rats fed with pomegranate seed. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1021-1035. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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7
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Sheykhsaran E, Abbasi A, Ebrahimzadeh Leylabadlo H, Sadeghi J, Mehri S, Naeimi Mazraeh F, Feizi H, Bannazadeh Baghi H. Gut microbiota and obesity: an overview of microbiota to microbial-based therapies. Postgrad Med J 2022:7126472. [PMID: 37068743 DOI: 10.1136/postmj/postgradmedj-2021-141311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of obesity and overweight is a significant public concern throughout the world. Obesity is a complex disorder involving an excessive amount of body fat. It is not just a cosmetic concern. It is a medical challenge that increases the risk of other diseases and health circumstances, such as diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure and certain cancers. Environmental and genetic factors are involved in obesity as a significant metabolic disorder along with diabetes. Gut microbiota (GM) has a high potential for energy harvesting from the diet. In the current review, we aim to consider the role of GM, gut dysbiosis and significant therapies to treat obesity. Dietary modifications, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics compounds, using faecal microbiota transplant, and other microbial-based therapies are the strategies to intervene in obesity reducing improvement. Each of these factors serves through various mechanisms including a variety of receptors and compounds to control body weight. Trial and animal investigations have indicated that GM can affect both sides of the energy-balancing equation; first, as an influencing factor for energy utilisation from the diet and also as an influencing factor that regulates the host genes and energy storage and expenditure. All the investigated articles declare the clear and inevitable role of GM in obesity. Overall, obesity and obesity-relevant metabolic disorders are characterised by specific modifications in the human microbiota's composition and functions. The emerging therapeutic methods display positive and promising effects; however, further research must be done to update and complete existing knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Sheykhsaran
- Immunology Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Abbasi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Sciences and Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Javid Sadeghi
- Immunology Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samaneh Mehri
- Department of Biochemistry and structural Biology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Fariba Naeimi Mazraeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi
- Immunology Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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8
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Moghaddam NJ, Feizi H, Mohammadi MR, Bagheri R, Chernev P, Song Z, Dau H, Najafpour MM. A Chemical Evolution‐Like Method to Synthesize a Water‐Oxidizing Catalyst. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202101105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navid Jameei Moghaddam
- Department of Chemistry Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Chemistry Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
| | | | - Robabeh Bagheri
- Surface Protection Research Group Surface Department Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences 519 Zhuangshi Road Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Petko Chernev
- Freie Universität Berlin Fachbereich Physik Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany
- Uppsala University Department of Chemistry – Ångströmlaboratoriet Lägerhyddsvägen 1 75120 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Zhenlun Song
- Surface Protection Research Group Surface Department Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences 519 Zhuangshi Road Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Holger Dau
- Freie Universität Berlin Fachbereich Physik Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
- Research Center for Basic Sciences & Modern Technologies (RBST) Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
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9
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Gholizadeh P, Aghazadeh M, Ghotaslou R, Rezaee MA, Pirzadeh T, Cui L, Watanabe S, Feizi H, Kadkhoda H, Kafil HS. Role of CRISPR-Cas system on antibiotic resistance patterns of Enterococcus faecalis. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2021; 20:49. [PMID: 34321002 PMCID: PMC8317297 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-021-00455-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas systems are one of the factors which can contribute to limiting the development and evolution of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. There are three genomic loci of CRISPR-Cas in Enterococcus faecalis. In this study, we aimed to assess correlation of the CRISPR-Cas system distribution with the acquisition of antibiotic resistance among E. faecalis isolates. A total of 151 isolates of E. faecalis were collected from urinary tract infections (UTI) and dental-root canal (DRC). All isolates were screened for phenotypic antibiotic resistance. In addition, antibiotic resistance genes and CRISPR loci were screened by using polymerase chain reaction. Genomic background of the isolates was identified by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR. The number of multidrug-resistant E. faecalis strains were higher in UTI isolates than in DRC isolates. RAPD-PCR confirmed that genomic background was diverse in UTI and DRC isolates used in this study. CRISPR loci were highly accumulated in gentamycin-, teicoplanin-, erythromycin-, and tetracycline-susceptible strains. In concordance with drug susceptibility, smaller number of CRISPR loci were identified in vanA, tetM, ermB, aac6’-aph(2”), aadE, and ant(6) positive strains. These data indicate a negative correlation between CRISPR-cas loci and antibiotic resistance, as well as, carriage of antibiotic resistant genes in both of UTI and DRC isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pourya Gholizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Aghazadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Ghotaslou
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Tahereh Pirzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Longzhu Cui
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shinya Watanabe
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hiva Kadkhoda
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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10
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Abbaszadeh F, Leylabadlo HE, Alinezhad F, Feizi H, Mobed A, Baghbanijavid S, Baghi HB. Bacteriophages: cancer diagnosis, treatment, and future prospects. J Pharm Investig 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-020-00503-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Khosravi M, Feizi H, Haghighi B, Allakhverdiev SI, Najafpour MM. Photoelectrochemistry of manganese oxide/mixed phase titanium oxide heterojunction. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj06265c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemistry of manganese oxide/mixed phase titanium oxide was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Khosravi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
| | - Behzad Haghighi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev
- Controlled Photobiosynthesis Laboratory
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 127276
- Russia
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming
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12
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Heidari S, Singh JP, Feizi H, Bagheri R, Chae KH, Song Z, Khatamian M, Najafpour MM. Electrochemical water oxidation by simple manganese salts. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7749. [PMID: 31123332 PMCID: PMC6533286 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44001-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, it has been great efforts to synthesize an efficient water-oxidizing catalyst. However, to find the true catalyst in the harsh conditions of the water-oxidation reaction is an open area in science. Herein, we showed that corrosion of some simple manganese salts, MnCO3, MnWO4, Mn3(PO4)2 · 3H2O, and Mn(VO3)2 · xH2O, under the water-electrolysis conditions at pH = 6.3, gives an amorphous manganese oxide. This conversion was studied with X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), as well as, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroelectrochemistry and electrochemistry methods. When using as a water-oxidizing catalyst, such results are important to display that long-term water oxidation can change the nature of the manganese salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Heidari
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jitendra Pal Singh
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran
| | - Robabeh Bagheri
- Surface Protection Research Group, Surface Department, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 519 Zhuangshi Road, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Keun Hwa Chae
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhenlun Song
- Surface Protection Research Group, Surface Department, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 519 Zhuangshi Road, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Maasoumeh Khatamian
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran.
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran.
- Research Center for Basic Sciences & Modern Technologies (RBST), Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran.
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Abstract
Herein, water-oxidation reaction by cobalt(II) phthalocyanine, N,N′-bis (salicylidene) ethylenediamino cobalt(II), nickel(II) Schiff base (N,N′-bis (salicylidene)ethylenediamino nickel(II), nickel(II)) phthalocyanine-tetrasulfonate tetrasodium, manganese(II) phthalocyanine, 5,10,15,20-Tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphine manganese(III) chloride, manganese(III) 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-pyridyl)-21H,23H-porphine chloride tetrakis(methochloride) was investigated using electrochemistry, UV-vis spectroscopy and spectroelectrochemistry. According to our results, a new decomposition pathway for these metal complexes under water-oxidation conditions was proposed. The produced metal oxide obtained by decomposition of metal complex under water -oxidation conditions not only catalyzes water-oxidation reaction but this metal oxide also accelerates decomposition of the corresponding complex to form higher amounts of the metal oxide. We hypothesize that such a mechanism could be investigated for many metal complexes under different oxidation or reduction reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran. .,Center of Climate Change and Global Warming, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran. .,Research Center for Basic Sciences & Modern Technologies (RBST), Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran.
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
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Khosravi M, Feizi H, Haghighi B, Najafpour MM. A simple, facile and low-cost method for the preparation of mixed-phase titanium oxide: toward efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00961b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new, low-cost and facile procedure for the preparation of a titanium oxide photocatalyst on a titanium electrode through simple high-voltage anodization is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Khosravi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
| | - Behzad Haghighi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming
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Khosravi M, Feizi H, Bagheri R, Song Z, Haghighi B, Najafpour MM. Investigation of the photoelectrochemical properties of layered manganese oxide. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj06162a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The photoelectrochemical properties of layered manganese oxide were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Khosravi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
| | - Robabeh Bagheri
- Surface Protection Research Group
- Surface Department
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo 315201
| | - Zhenlun Song
- Surface Protection Research Group
- Surface Department
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo 315201
| | - Behzad Haghighi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming
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Feizi H, Bagheri R, Jagličić Z, Singh JP, Chae KH, Song Z, Najafpour MM. A nickel(ii) complex under water-oxidation reaction: what is the true catalyst? Dalton Trans 2019; 48:547-557. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03990a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A Ni(ii) complex as a water-oxidizing catalyst under electrochemical conditions was studied and the role of Ni oxide as a true catalyst was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Feizi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
| | - Robabeh Bagheri
- Surface Protection Research Group
- Surface Department
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo 315201
| | - Zvonko Jagličić
- Institute of Mathematics
- Physics and Mechanics & Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
- University of Ljubljana
- SI-1000 Ljubljana
- Slovenia
| | - Jitendra Pal Singh
- Advanced Analysis Center
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 02792
- Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Chae
- Advanced Analysis Center
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 02792
- Republic of Korea
| | - Zhenlun Song
- Surface Protection Research Group
- Surface Department
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo 315201
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming
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Abdanipour A, Dadkhah M, Alipour M, Feizi H. Effect of Ghrelin on Caspase 3 and Bcl2 Gene Expression in H2O2 Treated Rat's Bone Marrow Stromal Cells. Adv Pharm Bull 2018; 8:429-435. [PMID: 30276139 PMCID: PMC6156489 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2018.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The antiapoptotic effect of ghrelin in various cell lines including bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) has been proved. However, the real mechanism of this effect is not clear. Caspase3 and Bcl2 are well-known pro- and antiapoptotic regulatory genes in eukaryotes. The aim of the study was to find out the effect of ghrelin on Caspase 3 and Bcl2 change in BMSCs. Methods: Rat BMSCs were cultivated in DMEM. Passage 3 BMSCs were treated with ghrelin 100 μM for 48 h. Real-time PCR for Caspase 3 and Bcl2 was carried out from B (untreated BMSCs), BH (BMSCs treated with 125 µM H2O2), BGH (BMSCs treated with 100 µM ghrelin then 125 µM H2O2) and BG (BMSCs treated with 100 µM ghrelin) groups. For immunofluorescence, cells were incubated with anti Caspase 3 and Bcl2monoclonal antibodies. Primary antibodies were visualized using the FITC method. All data are presented as means ± SEM. Values of P<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Ghrelin decreased mRNA expressions of Caspase-3 significantly as compared to the BH group (P<0.05). Also, Bcl-2 gene expression showed an increment in BG group as compare with BH and BGH groups (P<0.05). A high present of Bcl-2 positive cells were observed in the BGH group while Caspase-3 positive cells were significantly decreased in the BGH group compared with the BH group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Ghrelin probably enhances BMSCs viability through regulation of pro- and antiapoptotic genes Caspase 3 and Bcl2. However the signaling pathway of this effect should be elucidated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Abdanipour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Masoud Dadkhah
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Alipour
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Abdanipour A, Shahsavandi B, Alipour M, Feizi H. Ghrelin Upregulates Hoxb4 Gene Expression in Rat Bone Marrow Stromal Cells. Cell J 2018; 20:183-187. [PMID: 29633595 PMCID: PMC5893289 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2018.5164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ghrelin is a peptide which has a proliferative and antiapoptotic effect in many cells including bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Homeobox protein B4 (HOXB4) is a transcription factor involved in stem cell regeneration and survival. The aim of the study was to find out the efect of ghrelin on Hoxb4 expression in BMSCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, rat BMSCs were cultivated in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM). Passage three BMSCs were treated with ghrelin 100 μM for 48 hours. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out from the untreated BMSCs (B), BMSCs treated with 125 μM H2O2 (BH), BMSCs treated with 100 μM ghrelin then 125 μM H2O2 (BGH) and BMSCs treated with 100 μM ghrelin (BG) groups. For immunofluorescence, cells were incubated with an anti-HOXB4 monoclonal antibody. Primary antibodies were visualized using the Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) method. All data are presented as mean ± SEM and P<0.05 was considered as statistical significant. RESULTS Hoxb4 expression significantly increased in the BG compared with BH and BGH groups. Furthermore, 100 μM ghrelin, increased the mean of HOXB4 positive immunoreactive cells compared to the BH group. CONCLUSIONS Ghrelin probably enhances proliferation and viability of BMSCs through Hoxb4 upregulation. However, the signaling pathway and other biological outcomes of this effect should be elucidated in different stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Abdanipour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Behnaz Shahsavandi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Alipour
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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Abstract
Herein, two cobalt complexes as true catalysts for water oxidation were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
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20
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Feizi H, Shiri F, Bagheri R, Singh JP, Chae KH, Song Z, Najafpour MM. The application of a nickel(ii) Schiff base complex in water oxidation: the importance of nanosized materials. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy00582f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The role of Ni oxide in the electrocatalytic water oxidation of a nickel(ii) Schiff base (N,N′-bis (salicylidene) ethylenediamino nickel(ii)) is investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Feizi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
| | - Farshad Shiri
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
| | - Robabeh Bagheri
- Surface Protection Research Group
- Surface Department
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo 315201
- China
| | - Jitendra Pal Singh
- Advanced Analysis Center
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 02792
- Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Chae
- Advanced Analysis Center
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 02792
- Republic of Korea
| | - Zhenlun Song
- Surface Protection Research Group
- Surface Department
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo 315201
- China
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming
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21
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Najafpour MM, Feizi H. Water oxidation by Ni(1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)2+ in the presence of carbonate: new findings and an alternative mechanism. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:6519-6527. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00068a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The role of nanosized particles or Ni ions on the surface of the electrode under water-oxidation conditions in the presence of Ni(1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)2+ was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
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22
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Alipour M, Amini B, Adineh F, Feizi H, Jafari MR. Effect of sub-chronic intraperitoneal administration of aminoguanidine on the memory and hippocampal apoptosis-related genes in diabetic rats. BRATISL MED J 2016; 117:472-9. [PMID: 27546701 DOI: 10.4149/bll_2016_092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Memory impairment is a common disorder in diabetes mellitus which is associated with hippocampal neuronal apoptosis. The present study was conducted to examine the effect of one-week intraperitoneal (ip), administration of aminoguanidine (AG) on passive avoidance learning (PAL) and Bcl-2 family gene expression in the hippocampus of rats. Sixty male rats were divided into ten groups: non-diabetic/diabetic animals with/without AG (50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, ip) treatment for one week. PAL and Bcl-2 family genes were examined. AG (100 and 200 mg/kg) improved both memory and Bax, Bak, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl deficiency significantly in diabetic rats. AG treatment also ameliorated the diabetes-induced changes in (Bcl-2+Bcl-xl)/(Bak+Bax) ratios considerably. These results propose that one-week ip administration of AG may recover the deficit cognition in diabetic rats via enhancing (Bcl-2+Bcl-xl)/(Bak+Bax) proportions (Tab. 2, Fig. 4, Ref. 55).
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Aliparasti MR, Alipour MR, Almasi S, Feizi H. Ghrelin Administration Increases the Bax/Bcl-2 Gene Expression Ratio in the Heart of Chronic Hypoxic Rats. Adv Pharm Bull 2015; 5:195-9. [PMID: 26236657 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2015.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Programmed cell death or apoptosis, is a biochemical procedure that initiates due to some conditions, including hypoxia. Bax and Bcl-2 are among the agents that regulate apoptosis. The amplification of the first one triggers the initiation of apoptosis, and the second one prevents it. Ghrelin is an endogenous peptide that antiapoptosis is its new effect. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of ghrelin on the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. METHODS Twenty four wistar rats were divided randomly in three groups; control, hypoxic + saline and hypoxic + ghrelin. Hypoxic animals lived in O2 11% for 2 weeks and received either saline or ghrelin subcutaneously daily. The bax and Bcl-2 gene expression were measured by Real-Time RT-PCR. RESULTS Chronic hypoxia increased the Bax gene expression significantly compared with normal animals (P = 0.008), but the Bcl-2 was not affected by hypoxia. The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio also amplified significantly (P=0.005). Ghrelin administration significantly increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in the hypoxic animals compared to the hypoxic + saline and normal groups (p=0.042 and P= 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION In the present study, animals' treatment with ghrelin leads to an increment of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, which indicates a controversy related to cardioprotection of ghrelin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shohreh Almasi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Physiology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Feizi H, Rajaee K, Keyhanmanesh R, Aliparasti MR, Almasi S, Alipour MR. Effect of ghrelin on renal erythropoietin production in chronic hypoxic rats. Endocr Regul 2014; 48:3-8. [PMID: 24524370 DOI: 10.4149/endo_2014_01_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ghrelin, a 28 amino acid peptide, has diverse effects in body organs. Erythropoietin is a key mediator in increasing the red blood cells during hypoxia. Previously, we have shown that ghrelin has a polycythemic effect. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of ghrelin on erythropoietin gene expression with the aim to find out the mechanism of its effect. METHODS Thirty two adult male Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups. The hypoxic condition was induced by placing the rats into the hypoxic chamber with 11% oxygen for two weeks. Saline- and ghrelin-treated control rats remained in room with a regular air conditions. Erythropoietin gene expression was measured by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Plasma erythropoietin was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS After 2-weeks of hypoxia, erythropoietin transcripts and erythropoietin plasma levels were significantly increased in hypoxic animals compared with control animals. Ghrelin treatment decreased both plasma erythropoietin and erythropoietin gene expression only in the hypoxic rats. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that ghrelin might induce polycythemia through an erythropoietin-independent manner. However, to confirm this hypothesis and to find out the precise mechanism of this phenomenon further investigations are needed.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Available data from in vitro studies show that thyroid hormones (THs) regulate herpes simplex virus (HSV) gene expression and may modulate latency/reactivation of the virus. Whether infectivity of the virus is also affected by THs is not known. Using animal models (in vivo study) and Vero cell culture (in vitro study), we examined the effects of alterations in THs level on HSV-1 infectivity. METHODS Rats were rendered hypo- and hyperthyroid by daily addition of methimazole and l-thyroxine into their drinking water, respectively. Euthyroid animals served as control. All animals were given a single dose of HSV-1 (10(7)TCID50, ip) and sacrificed 3 d later. The spleen of the animals was then removed and viral particles were recovered from the tissue extract through aseptic procedures. Serial dilution of the extracts was prepared and added to Vero cell culture. For the in vitro study, the cultures were pretreated with l-thyroxine and the viral particles were then added. Virus titration was determined by Reed-Muench quantal assay. RESULTS The viral load of spleen in hyperthyroid rats was significantly lower (1000-fold) than that of the euthyroid rats. Similarly, in vitro presence of supraphysiologic levels of l-thyroxine in the culture media of Vero cells decreased virus infectivity. Interestingly, hypothyroid animals showed a significant increase (10-fold) in spleen viral load as compared to that of their euthyroid counterparts. CONCLUSIONS These data clearly show that the HSV-1 infectivity is affected by THs, and suggest that THs or their analogs may have a potential application in prevention and/or treatment of viral infections.
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Aliparasti MR, Alipour MR, Almasi S, Feizi H. Effect of ghrelin on aldolase gene expression in the heart of chronic hypoxic rat. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2012; 10:553-7. [PMID: 23843819 PMCID: PMC3693620 DOI: 10.5812/ijem.3914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic hypoxia causes apoptosis of cardiac myocytes, however, energy production by anaerobic glycolysis protects myocardium against hypoxia injuries. Aldolase A is a well-characterised key enzyme of the glycolysis pathway. Ghrelin, a 28-amino-acid peptide, synthesizes in the stomach and has protective roles in cardiovascular systems and also affects metabolic pathways. OBJECTIVES Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ghrelin on aldolase A gene expression after chronic hypoxia in the rat hearts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty four adult male wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups. Hypoxic rats with saline or ghrelin treatment were placed in a normobaric hypoxic chamber (O2 11 %), for two weeks. Controls remained in room air. Aldolase A gene expression was measured by Real-Time RT-PCR. RESULTS the transcriptiom rate of Aldolase A in hypoxic animals did not change significantly compared to negative control ones. During chronic hypoxia, ghrelin treatment increased the amount of heart Aldolase A gene expression compared to negative controls (P = 0.029). Hypoxic animals that were treated with ghrelin were significantly more polycythemic than the controls and even hypoxic with saline treated rats (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS It seems that ghrelin interferes in the cardiac metabolism through upregulation of glycolytic enzymes. In other words, it may protect heart from possible hypoxia induced damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Aliparasti
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
- Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Alipour
- Tuberculosis and Lung Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Shohreh Almasi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
- Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Physiology, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Hormozgan, IR Iran
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27
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Alipour MR, Aliparasti MR, Keyhanmanesh R, Almasi S, Halimi M, Ansarin K, Feizi H. Effect of ghrelin on protein kinase C-ε and protein kinase C-δ gene expression in the pulmonary arterial smooth muscles of chronic hypoxic rats. J Endocrinol Invest 2011; 34:e369-73. [PMID: 22067223 DOI: 10.3275/8056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Protein kinase C (PKC), can be activated in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells during hypoxia, leading to hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). Studies are going on to detect the strict PKC isoform involved in the phenomenon. It has been shown that ghrelin, a 28-amino-acid peptide, may protect lungs from HPV side effects, to some extent. The aim of study was to evaluate the effect of exogenous ghrelin on PKC-ε and PKC-δ gene expression during chronic hypoxia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were divided randomly in 3 groups. Hypoxic rats with saline or ghrelin treatment were placed in a normobaric hypoxic chamber for 2 weeks. Controls remained in room air. PKC-ε and PKC-δ gene expression was measured by real-time RT-PCR. RESULTS Morphometric analysis showed that ghrelin reversed the hypoxia induced pulmonary artery wall thickness. In hypoxic animals, there was a 2- and 4-fold increment in PKC-ε and PKC- δ gene expression, respectively. Ghrelin treatment reduced the overexpression of PKC-ε and PKC-δ to control animals' value. CONCLUSION Ghrelin by decreasing the expression of PKC-ε and PKC-δ in hypoxic animals reduces the HPV. Although more studies are needed, it could be an honest deduction that ghrelin affects HPV in a multifunctional manner and might be used as a therapeutic agent in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Alipour
- Tuberculosis and Lung Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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