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Bang CH, Park HE, Kim YH, Jung JH, Lee JH, Park YM, Han JH. Risk of Subsequent Vitiligo in Transplant Recipients With Comorbid Graft-vs-Host Disease. JAMA Dermatol 2024; 160:194-198. [PMID: 38091023 PMCID: PMC10719831 DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.4933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Importance Vitiligo is a multifactorial, depigmenting skin disorder characterized by selective loss of melanocytes. Large-scale studies are lacking to determine the risk of vitiligo in transplant recipients with graft-vs-host disease (GVHD). Objective To investigate the incidence rates and risk of vitiligo in patients who had received solid organ transplant (SOT) or hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) overall and by HSCT graft type and concomitant GVHD. Design, Setting, and Participants This population-based cohort study included data from the National Health Insurance Service database of Korea for patients aged 20 years or older who had received a transplant (SOT or HSCT) between January 2010 and December 2017, with follow-up until December 2019. A cohort of age- and sex-matched (1:5) control individuals who did not receive a transplant was included for comparison. Data were analyzed from July 2021 to December 2021. Exposure Transplant (SOT or HSCT) and GVHD. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was risk of vitiligo, assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses adjusting for potential confounding factors. Results The study included 23 829 patients who had undergone SOT or HSCT (62.78% male; mean [SD] age, 49.58 [11.59] years) and 119 145 age- and sex-matched controls. Patients who had undergone transplant had a significantly higher risk of vitiligo compared with controls (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 1.73; 95% CI, 1.35-2.22). Risk of vitiligo was also slightly higher in kidney transplant recipients and liver transplant recipients compared with the controls but was highest in HSCT recipients (AHR, 12.69; 95% CI, 5.11-31.50). Patients who had received allogeneic grafts (AHR, 14.43; 95% CI, 5.61-37.15), those who had received autologous grafts (AHR, 5.71; 95% CI, 1.20-3.18), those with comorbid GVHD (AHR, 24.09; 95% CI, 9.16-63.35), and those without GVHD (AHR, 8.21; 95% CI, 3.08-21.87) had a higher risk of vitiligo compared with controls. Conclusion and Relevance In this study, risk of vitiligo was significantly higher in transplant recipients, especially in HSCT recipients and those with allogeneic grafts or comorbid GVHD. These findings provide new insights into the association between the risk of vitiligo and transplant and GVHD. Clinicians should be aware of these risks, implementing a multidisciplinary approach for monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul Hwan Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Eun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Ho Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyung Jung
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Han
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim HJ, Park HE, Bang CH, Lee JH, Park YM, Kim YH. Scraping method: A new treatment strategy for longitudinal melanonychia with minimal nail deformity. Clin Dermatol 2023; 41:791-793. [PMID: 37832801 DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jee Kim
- Department of Dermatology, International St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Eun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Hwan Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Ho Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Park HE, Kim YH. Adult-Onset Subungual Eccrine Angiomatous Hamartoma on Right Great Toe: A Case Report. Ann Dermatol 2023; 35:S265-S267. [PMID: 38061718 PMCID: PMC10727863 DOI: 10.5021/ad.22.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Eccrine angiomatous hamartoma (EAH) is a benign skin nodule characterized by the proliferation of eccrine glands and vascular structures in the dermis. It usually presents as a single papule or nodule on the extremities, and usually arises at birth or in early childhood, but several cases which appeared in adulthood have been reported. A 52-year-old female presented with a tender subungual nodule on the right great toenail for 3 months. Skin biopsy from the lesion showed proliferation of eccrine glands and capillaries in the dermis, and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of EAH. We excised it as a treatment, and at the 3-month follow-up, pain by her lesion has resolved without any adverse effects. Our presented case is an adult-onset EAH that occurred as a subungual lesion. Unlike the previous cases, it did not cause any nail deformity or destruction and initially was misinterpreted as some other subungual tender nodule. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first case of adult-onset subungual EAH without nail deformity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Eun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeong Ho Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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Lee JS, Oh Y, Park HE, Lee JS, Kim HS. Synergistic toxic mechanisms of microplastics and triclosan via multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) inhibition-mediated autophagy in the freshwater water flea Daphnia magna. Sci Total Environ 2023; 896:165214. [PMID: 37391147 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Since a mixed state of environmental contaminants, including microplastics (MPs), heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products (PPCPs), exists in aquatic ecosystems, it is necessary to evaluate not only the adverse effects of exposure to a single stressor but to combined stressors. In this study, we exposed the freshwater water flea Daphnia magna to 2 μm MPs and triclosan (TCS), one of PPCPs, for 48 h to investigate the synergistic toxic consequences of simultaneous exposure to both pollutants. We measured in vivo endpoints, antioxidant responses, multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) activity, and autophagy-related protein expression via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways. While MPs single exposure did not show toxic effects in water fleas, simultaneous exposure to TCS and MPs was associated with significantly greater deleterious effects in the form of increased mortality and alterations in antioxidant enzymatic activities compared with water fleas exposed to TCS alone. In addition, MXR inhibition was confirmed by measurement of the expression of P-glycoproteins and multidrug-resistance proteins in MPs-exposed groups, which led to the accumulation of TCS. Overall, these results suggest that simultaneous exposure to MPs and TCS resulted in higher TCS accumulation via MXR inhibition, leading to synergistic toxic effects such as autophagy in D. magna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Sol Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Yunmoon Oh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hae Eun Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Park HE, Kim YH, Lee JH. Dose-Related Aripiprazole-Induced Acneiform Eruption. Ann Dermatol 2023; 35:S168-S169. [PMID: 37853901 PMCID: PMC10608365 DOI: 10.5021/ad.21.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hae Eun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeong Ho Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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Lee H, Park HE, Chun EJ, Chang HJ, Sung J, Jung HO, Choi SY. The impact of nonoptimal lipids on the progression of coronary artery calcification in asymptomatic young adults: results from the KOICA registry. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac056.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Recently, as cumulative exposure of lipids for a lifetime has become important to prevent and predict atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), it is recommended to obtain the optimal lipid levels from a young age. However, questions remain regarding the vascular changes in young adulthood by nonoptimal lipid levels.
Purpose
We aimed to investigate the progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC) according to lipid profiles in Korean young adults.
Methods
From the KOrea Initiative on Coronary Artery calcification registry, we collected 2,940 statin-naïve adults under 45-year-old, undergoing serial coronary artery calcium scans for the purpose of routine health check-ups between 2002 and 2017. CAC progression was assessed according to the optimality of lipid levels and each lipid variable.
Results
In this cohort (mean age, 41.3 years; man 82.4%), only 477 subjects (16.2%) had the optimal lipid profile, defined as triglycerides <150 mg/dl, LDL cholesterol <100 mg/dl, and HDL cholesterol ≥45 mg/dl. During follow-up (median 39.7 months), CAC progression was observed in 438 participants (14.8%) and more frequent in nonoptimal lipid group (16.5% vs 5.9%; p<0.001). Nonoptimal lipid levels during young adulthood increased the risk of CAC progression after adjusting for other cardiovascular risk factors (adjusted HR, 2.36; p=0.001), with a stepwise risk increase according to lipid levels. In particular, in the subjects with an initial calcium score of zero (adjusted HR, 2.13; p=0.014), those in their 20s or 30s (adjusted HR 2.70; p=0.029), and those without any other risk factors (adjusted HR 2.51; p=0.025), deemed as very low-risk groups, nonoptimal lipid levels more than doubled the risk of CAC progression, respectively. Among lipid variables, high triglycerides appeared to provide the greatest impact on CAC progression of young adults.
Conclusions
The proportion of young adults with optimal lipid levels was lower than expected. Nonoptimal lipid level was significantly associated with the risk of CAC progression in young adults, even with low-risk. Triglycerides had the strongest association with the risk of CAC progression. Screening and intervention for nonoptimal lipid levels, particularly triglycerides, from an early age might be of clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - HE Park
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - EJ Chun
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Division of Radiology, Seongnam, Korea (Republic of)
| | - HJ Chang
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Sung
- Samsung Medical Center, Division of Cardiology, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - HO Jung
- The Catholic University of Korea Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - SY Choi
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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Park JH, Lee JS, Oh Y, Lee JS, Park HE, Lee H, Park YS, Kyung SY, Kim HS, Yoon S. PKM2 Is Overexpressed in Glioma Tissues, and Its Inhibition Highly Increases Late Apoptosis in U87MG Cells With Low-density Specificity. In Vivo 2022; 36:694-703. [PMID: 35241524 PMCID: PMC8931915 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) functions as an important rate-limiting enzyme in aerobic glycolysis and is involved in tumor initiation and progression. However, there are few studies on the correlation between PKM2 expression and its role in glioma. MATERIALS AND METHODS PKM2 expression was immunohistochemically examined in human brain tumor samples. Furthermore, we studied the effects of two PKM2 inhibitors (shikonin and compound 3K) on the U87MG glioma cell line. RESULTS PKM2 was overexpressed in most glioma tissues when compared to controls. Interestingly, glioma-adjacent tissues from showed slight PKM2 overexpression. This suggests that PKM2 overexpression maybe an important trigger factor for glioma tumorigenesis. We found that the PKM2 inhibitor shikonin was effective against U87MG cells at a relatively low dose and was largely dependent on low cellular density compared to the effects of the anticancer drug vincristine. Shikonin highly increased late-apoptosis of U87MG cells. We also demonstrated that autophagy was involved in the increase in late-apoptosis levels caused by shikonin. Although vincristine treatment led to a high level of G2-phase arrest in U87MG cells, shikonin did not increase G2 arrest. Co-treatment with two PKM2 inhibitors, shikonin and compound 3K, increased the inhibitory effects. CONCLUSION Combination therapy with PKM2 inhibitors together might be more effective than combination therapy with anticancer drugs. Our findings encourage the application of PKM2-targeting in gliomas, and lay the foundation for the development of PKM2 inhibitors as promising antitumor agents for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyeon Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sol Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunmoon Oh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Eun Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Su Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kyung
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungpil Yoon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Han JH, Park HE, Kim YH, Jung JH, Lee JH, Park YM, Bang CH. Comparison of the risk of heart failure in psoriasis patients using anti-TNF α inhibitors and ustekinumab. ESC Heart Fail 2022; 9:1502-1504. [PMID: 35174665 PMCID: PMC8934959 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hee Han
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Eun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeong Ho Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Hyung Jung
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Min Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Hwan Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Kim M, Park HE, Han K, Lee J. Risk of Psoriasis among Survivors of Adult-onset Cancer: A Nationwide Population-based Cohort Study. Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:1256-1258. [PMID: 34189732 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancers can now be diagnosed and treated early, and the number of cancer survivors is increasing.1 In addition to survival, management of chronic diseases among cancer survivors has emerged as a major concern, because survivors experience numerous sequelae and age-related conditions.2 Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that affects approximately 2-4% of the general population worldwide, and a recent population-based study found that the risk of cancer was higher in psoriasis patients compared to controls.3 Conversely, one report found that the risk of psoriasis in breast cancer patients was higher than in those who were generally healthy.4 However, the incidence of psoriasis in survivors of various types of cancer has received little attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - H E Park
- Department of Dermatology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - K Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, #222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, 06591, Seoul, Korea
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Kim MJ, Jung HO, Jeon DS, Han DH, Park HE, Choi SY, Sung JD, Chang HJ. P4455Differential impact of cardiovascular risk factors on aorta and coronary artery aging. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p4455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M.-J Kim
- Incheon St.Mary's hospital, Incheon, Korea Republic of
| | - H O Jung
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - D S Jeon
- Incheon St.Mary's hospital, Incheon, Korea Republic of
| | - D H Han
- Yonsei Cardiovascular Center, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - H E Park
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - S Y Choi
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - J D Sung
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - H J Chang
- Yonsei Cardiovascular Center, Seoul, Korea Republic of
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Kim Y, Hyun SH, Park HE, Choi HK. Metabolic profiling, free-radical scavenging and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of Lemna minor whole plants cultivated in various concentrations of proline and sucrose. Process Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2011.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Park HE, Yang SO, Hyun SH, Park SJ, Choi HK, Marriott PJ. Simple preparative gas chromatographic method for isolation of menthol and menthone from peppermint oil, with quantitative GC-MS and (1) H NMR assay. J Sep Sci 2011; 35:416-23. [PMID: 22213698 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The quantitative performance of a simple home-built preparative gas chromatography (prep-GC) arrangement was tested, incorporating a micro-fluidic Deans switch, with collection of the target compound in a deactivated uncoated capillary tube. Repeat injections of a standard solution and peppermint sample were made into the prep-GC instrument. Individual compounds were eluted from the trapping capillary, and made up to constant volume. Chloronaphthalene internal standard was added in some cases. Recovered samples were quantitatively assayed by using GC-MS. Calibration linearity of GC-MS for menthol standard area response against number of injections (2-20 repeat injections) was excellent, giving R(2) of 0.996. For peppermint, menthol correlation over 2-20 repeated injections was 0.998 for menthol area ratio (versus IS) data. Menthone calibration for peppermint gave an R(2) of 0.972. (1) H NMR spectroscopy was conducted on both menthol and menthone. Good correspondence with reference spectra was obtained. About 80 μg of isolated menthol and menthone solute was collected over a sequence of 80 repeat injections from the peppermint sample, as assayed by 600 MHz (1) H NMR analysis (∼100% recovery for menthol from peppermint). A procedure is proposed for prediction of number of injections required to acquire sufficient material for NMR detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Eun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim JH, Oh JY, Park BH, Lee DE, Kim JS, Park HE, Roh MS, Je JE, Yoon JH, Thorne SH, Kirn D, Hwang TH. Systemic armed oncolytic and immunologic therapy for cancer with JX-594, a targeted poxvirus expressing GM-CSF. Mol Ther 2006; 14:361-70. [PMID: 16905462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2006.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2006] [Revised: 05/16/2006] [Accepted: 05/16/2006] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted oncolytic viruses and immunostimulatory therapeutics are being developed as novel cancer treatment platforms. These approaches can be combined through the expression of immunostimulatory cytokines from targeted viruses, including adenoviruses and herpesviruses. Although intratumoral injection of such viruses has been associated with tumor growth inhibition, eradication of distant metastases was not reported. The major limitations for this approach to date have been (1) inefficient intravenous virus delivery to tumors and (2) the lack of predictive, immunocompetent preclinical models. To overcome these hurdles, we developed JX-594, a targeted, thymidine kinase(-) vaccinia virus expressing human GM-CSF (hGM-CSF), for intravenous (i.v.) delivery. We evaluated two immunocompetent liver tumor models: a rabbit model with reproducible, time-dependent metastases to the lungs and a carcinogen-induced rat liver cancer model. Intravenous JX-594 was well tolerated and had highly significant efficacy, including complete responses, against intrahepatic primary tumors in both models. In addition, whereas lung metastases developed in all control rabbits, none of the i.v. JX-594-treated rabbits developed detectable metastases. Tumor-specific virus replication and gene expression, systemically detectable levels of hGM-CSF, and tumor-infiltrating CTLs were also demonstrated. JX-594 holds promise as an i.v.-delivered, targeted virotherapeutic. These two tumor models hold promise for the optimization of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and MRCCMT, Dong-A University Medical College, Busan 604-714, South Korea
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