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Song HJ, Kim YH, Choi HN, Kim T, Kim SJ, Kang MW, Lee SD. TonEBP/NFAT5 expression is associated with cisplatin resistance and migration in macrophage-induced A549 cells. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:6. [PMID: 38438872 PMCID: PMC10913585 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-024-00502-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages promote angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance in several cancers. Similarly, TonEBP/NFAT5 induces metastasis in renal carcinoma and colon cancer cells. However, the role of this transcription factor and that of macrophages in lung cancer cells remains unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of macrophages and TonEBP/NFAT5 expression on cisplatin resistance and migration in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. RESULTS A549 cells were cultured alone or indirectly co-cultured with THP-1-derived macrophages using a transwell culture chamber. Cisplatin-induced cell death was markedly decreased and migration increased in co-cultured A549 cells. Macrophage-conditioned media (CM) showed a similar effect on drug resistance and migration. Cisplatin-induced apoptosis, DNA fragmentation, and cleaved apoptotic proteins PARP and caspase-3 were markedly reduced in macrophage CM-induced A549 cells. Here, ERK, p38, JNK, and NF-κB activities were increased by macrophage CM. Furthermore, the proteins involved in cisplatin resistance and cancer cell migration were identified using specific inhibitors of each protein. ERK and NF-κB inhibition considerably reduced cisplatin resistance. The increase in macrophage CM-induced migration was partially reduced by treatment with ERK, JNK, and NF-κB inhibitors. TonEBP/NFAT5 expression was increased by macrophages, resulting in increased cisplatin resistance, cell migration, and invasion. Moreover, RNAi-mediated knockdown of TonEBP/NFAT5 reduced cisplatin resistance, migration, and invasion in macrophage CM-induced A549 cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that paracrine factors secreted from macrophages can change A549 cells, resulting in the induction of drug resistance against cisplatin and migration. In addition, the TonEBP/NFAT5 ratio, increased by macrophages, is an important regulator of the malignant transformation of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Ju Song
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hwan Kim
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Na Choi
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehee Kim
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Kim
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Woong Kang
- Department of thoracic surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Do Lee
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Choi HN, Jee SH, Ko J, Kim DJ, Kim SH. Properties of Surface Heating Textile for Functional Warm Clothing Based on a Composite Heating Element with a Positive Temperature Coefficient. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:nano11040904. [PMID: 33916091 PMCID: PMC8066108 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A high-stretch positive temperature coefficient (PTC) surface heating textile (PTC-SHT) was fabricated using a composite of PTC powder and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The PTC-SHT (heating area = 100 × 100 mm2) was produced by screen-printing the PTC-MWCNT composite paste onto a high-stretch textile with embroidered electrodes. Overall, the temperature increased to 56.1 °C with a power consumption of 5 W over 7 min. Subsequently, the surface temperature of the PTC-SHT remained constant despite the continued decrease in power consumption. This indicated that heating was accompanied by an increase in resistance of the PTC-SHT, which is typical of this process—i.e., heating to a constant temperature under a constant voltage over an extended period of time. In addition, 4.63 W power was required to heat the PTC-SHT surface from an external temperature of 5 to 45 °C in 10 min, after which stable low-temperature heat generation behavior was observed at a constant temperature of 50 °C, which was maintained over 40 min. In contrast, negative temperature coefficient (NTC) behavior has been observed in an NTC-SHT consisting of only MWCNTs, where a slow heating rate in the initial stage of power application and a continuous increase in surface temperature and power consumption were noted. The PTC-SHT consumed less power for heat generation than the NTC-SHT and exhibited rapid heating behavior in the initial stage of power application. The heat generation characteristics of the PTC-SHT were maintained at 95% after 100,000 cycles of 20% stretch–contraction testing, and the heating temperature remained uniformly distributed within ± 2 °C across the entire heating element. These findings demonstrated that an SHT with PTC characteristics is highly suitable for functional warm clothing applications that require low power consumption, rapid heating, stable warmth, and high durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Na Choi
- Department of Clothing & Textiles, Kyunghee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Seung Hyun Jee
- Mcell Co., Ltd., 407, 815, Daewangpangyo-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13449, Korea;
| | - Jaehwan Ko
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Dong Joo Kim
- Materials Research and Education Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Correspondence: (D.J.K.); (S.H.K.)
| | - Sun Hee Kim
- Department of Fashion Industry, Incheon University, Incheon 22012, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.J.K.); (S.H.K.)
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Kim SJ, Kim T, Choi HN, Cho EJ, Park JB, Jeon BH, Lee SD. TonEBP suppresses adipocyte differentiation via modulation of early signaling in 3T3-L1 cells. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 20:649-655. [PMID: 27847442 PMCID: PMC5106399 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2016.20.6.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
TonEBP belongs to the Rel family of transcription factors and plays important roles in inflammation as well as kidney homeostasis. Recent studies suggest that TonEBP expression is also involved in differentiation of several cell types such as myocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes. In this study, we investigated the roles of TonEBP during adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. TonEBP mRNA and protein expression was dramatically reduced during adipocyte differentiation. Sustained expression of TonEBP using an adenovirus suppressed the formation of lipid droplets as well as the expression of FABP4, a marker of differentiated adipocytes. TonEBP also inhibited the expression of PPARγ, a known master regulator of adipocytes. RNAi-mediated knock down of TonEBP promoted adipocyte differentiation. However, overexpression of TonEBP did not affect adipogenesis after the initiation of differentiation. Furthermore, TonEBP expression suppressed mitotic clonal expansion and insulin signaling, which are required early for adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. These results suggest that TonEBP may be an important regulatory factor in the early phase of adipocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jin Kim
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Taehee Kim
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Han Na Choi
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Cho
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Jin Bong Park
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Byeong Hwa Jeon
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Sang Do Lee
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
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Choi HN, Kim HH, Oh JS, Jang HS, Hwang HS, Kim EY, Kwon JG, Jung JT. [Factors influencing the miss rate of polyps in a tandem colonoscopy study]. Korean J Gastroenterol 2015; 64:24-30. [PMID: 25073668 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2014.64.1.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The miss rate of colon polyps and its related factors have not been clearly identified yet. This study aims to review the miss rate of polyps both on the patient-level and on the polyp-level and to analyze the factors affecting the miss rate such as those related to the endoscopist, procedure, patient, and polyp. METHODS From August 2011 to August 2013, patients who underwent elective second colonoscopy for resection of polyps, the sizes of which were not small enough to be resected by biopsy forceps alone at first colonoscopy, were enrolled retrospectively. RESULTS The miss rate on the patient-level was 59.2% (234/395) and on the polyp-level was 27.9% (578/2,068). There was no significant difference in the miss rate depending on the experience of the endoscopists or characteristics of the patients. In terms of the procedure, the miss rate was higher when the colonoscopy was performed in the afternoon (OR 1.632, p=0.046). It was found that the miss rate of polyps increased when the polyps were small (OR 4.595, p<0.001 in <5 mm/OR 3.447, p<0.001 in 5-10 mm), flat or sessile (OR 2.406, p<0.001 in flat/OR 1.768, p=0.002 in sessile), and located in the left colon (OR 1.391, p=0.007). CONCLUSIONS The experience of endoscopists did not have influence on the accuracy of polyp detection. However, the fatigue of endoscopists in the afternoon is considered to render polyp detection less accurate. Also, the large curves and folds of the sigmoid colon are regarded as a reason for the higher miss rate of polyps in the left colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Na Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, 33 Duryugongwon-ro 17-gil, Nam-gu, Daegu 705-718, Korea
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Choi HN, Song JE, Lee HC, Jo HH, Lee CH, Kim BS. Efficacy of prolonged entecavir monotherapy in treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B patients exhibiting a partial virologic response to entecavir. Clin Mol Hepatol 2015; 21:24-31. [PMID: 25834799 PMCID: PMC4379194 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2015.21.1.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims The optimal management of patients exhibiting a partial virologic response (PVR) to entecavir (ETV) has not been determined. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term efficacy of prolonged ETV monotherapy in treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients exhibiting a PVR to ETV therapy. Methods This study included 364 treatment-naïve CHB patients treated with ETV for ≥48 weeks and who received continuous ETV monotherapy for ≥96 weeks. PVR was defined as a decrease in serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA of more than 2 log10 IU/mL from baseline but with detectable HBV DNA by real-time PCR assay at week 48. Results Fifty-two of the 364 patients (14.3%) showed a PVR. Among them, 41 patients received continuous ETV monotherapy for ≥96 weeks (median duration 144 weeks, range 96-312 weeks), and 40 of these patients (95%) achieved a virologic response (VR, HBV DNA <20 IU/mL) during prolonged ETV monotherapy (median duration 78 weeks, range 60-288 weeks). The cumulative probabilities of a VR at weeks 96, 144, and 192 from treatment initiation were 78.0%, 92.7%, and 95.1%, respectively. The VR rate was 97.2% (35/36) in HBeAg-positive patients and 100% (5/5) in HBeAg-negative patients. In multivariate analysis, HBeAg positivity (odds ratio [OR], 9.231; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-82.91; P=0.047) and a high baseline HBV DNA level (OR, 0.170; 95% CI, 0.08-0.37; P=0.000) were independently associated with a delayed virologic response. No patient developed genotypic resistance to ETV during follow-up. Conclusions Long-term ETV monotherapy is effective for achieving a VR in treatment-naïve CHB patients exhibiting a PVR to ETV. HBeAg positivity and high baseline HBV DNA level were independently associated with a delayed virologic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Na Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyeon Chul Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyeong Ho Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Chang Hyeong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Byung Seok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Yun DJ, Choi HN, Oh GS. A case of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome associated with migraine and fibromyalgia. Korean J Pain 2013; 26:303-6. [PMID: 23862007 PMCID: PMC3710947 DOI: 10.3344/kjp.2013.26.3.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) refers to the presence of orthostatic intolerance with a heart rate (HR) increment of 30 beats per minute (bpm) or an absolute HR of 120 bpm or more. There are sporadic reports of the autonomic nervous system dysfunction in migraine and fibromyalgia. We report a case of POTS associated with migraine and fibromyalgia. The patient was managed with multidisciplinary therapies involving medication, education, and exercise which resulted in symptomatic improvement. We also review the literature on the association between POTS, migraine, and fibromyalgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Joo Yun
- Department of Neurology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Choi HN, Choe JY, Kim SH, Kim SK, Ryoo HM, Park SH. Remission of Lymphocytic Interstitial Pneumonia in Sjögren's Syndrome after Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation. J Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.4078/jrd.2013.20.2.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Na Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Yoon Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Si Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hun-Mo Ryoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwajeong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Arthritis and Autoimmunity Research Center, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Han Na Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Si Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji Hun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Arthritis and Autoimmunity Research Center, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Arthritis and Autoimmunity Research Center, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Arthritis and Autoimmunity Research Center, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Dae Sung Hyun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyung-Jae Jung
- Department of Radiology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jisuk Bae
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Yoon Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Arthritis and Autoimmunity Research Center, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Kim JH, Choi HN, Kim SH, Lee H, Park SH, Kim SK, Choe JY, Kwon HH, Cheong HJ. Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Vaccination Responses in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients. J Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.4078/jrd.2013.20.2.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Han Na Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Si Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hwajeong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Arthritis and Autoimmunity Reseasrch Center, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Arthritis and Autoimmunity Reseasrch Center, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Arthritis and Autoimmunity Reseasrch Center, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Yoon Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Arthritis and Autoimmunity Reseasrch Center, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyun-Hee Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Cheong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Choi HN, Kim SH, Kim HH, Kim SK, Choe JY, Park SH. Intracranial vasculopathy in a patient with systemic sclerosis: atherosclerotic or moyamoya-like disease? Korean J Intern Med 2012; 27:239-42. [PMID: 22707901 PMCID: PMC3372813 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2012.27.2.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Revised: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Han Na Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Si Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyun Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Kim
- Arthritis and Autoimmunity Research Center, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Yoon Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Arthritis and Autoimmunity Research Center, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Arthritis and Autoimmunity Research Center, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Choi HN, Kim YS, Chang JH, Jung JY, Chung WK, Park YH, Lee HH. Metastatic sarcomatoid carcinoma to liver and bone marrow in renal transplant recipient: due to exacerbation of quiescent renal cancer? A case report. Transplant Proc 2012; 44:299-302. [PMID: 22310638 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare tumor with rapid growth and a poor prognosis. A 60-year-old man underwent kidney transplantation. Three months after transplantation, multiple tumors were found in the liver and bone, and the patient died several days later. Pathological examination of liver and bone marrow biopsies revealed metastatic sarcomatoid carcinoma. Pretransplantation, the patient's workup was positive only for mild thrombocytopenia and a complicated cyst with peripheral rim calcification (Bosniak IIF) in the right kidney. Retrospectively, we found the abdominal computed tomography film, which had been examined at another hospital 6 years previously. The calcified complicated cyst was a 3-cm enhancing solid mass in the right kidney, suggesting renal cell cancer. It is possible that the cancer developed from the calcified complicated cyst. In this case, immunosuppressants may have altered malignant cell proliferation, invasion, and the form of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H N Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, South Korea
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Chung YJ, Choi HN, Cho JB, Park SK. Treatment of swine wastewater using MLE process and membrane bio-reactor. Water Sci Technol 2004; 49:443-450. [PMID: 15137456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop the optimum integrated treatment system for slurry type swine wastewater through field testing. Although composting and liquid composting are the most desirable processes to treat swine wastewater, inadequate composting has been blamed as critical non-point source pollutants. In the area with limited crop land and grass land, the most feasible method to handle slurry type swine wastewater would be that the solids portion from the solids/liquid separation process is treated by composting and then the liquid portion is treated by a series of wastewater treatment processes, including physicochemical treatment system and biological nutrient removal systems such as the modified Ludzack Ettinger (MLE) process and MLE process coupled with a membrane, to satisfy the different effluent criteria. When using the appropriate solids/liquid separation system, the removal efficiency of SS, COD(Cr), and TKN was 92.4%, 73.6%, and 46.0%, respectively and the amount of bulking agent required for composting and organic loading rate for the following wastewater treatment system can be reduced by 94.8% and 84.7%, respectively. When treating the effluent from solids/liquid separation process by MLE process, the optimal volume fraction for denitrification was 20% of total reactor volume and the optimum ratio of F/M and F(N)/M were increased with increase of C/N ratio. Since the effluent quality of MLE process is not enough to discharge, the DAF process was operated with addition of FeCl3 and cationic polyelectrolyte. The effluent from the DAF process was treated in the MLE process coupled with a crossflow ultrafiltration membrane to satisfy more stringent effluent criteria. When external carbon source is added to keep 6.0 of C/N ratio, the efficiency of denitrification is best. The optimum linear velocity and transmembrane pressure for MBR process was 1.8 m/sec and 2.1 atm, respectively. By addition of external carbon source, nitrogen compounds, especially NOx-N, were considerably removed. And by addition of powdered activated carbon, the removal efficiency of COD(Cr) and COD(Mn) and the membrane flux were increased dramatically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Chung
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea.
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Ha H, Yu MR, Choi HN, Cha MK, Kang HS, Kim MH, Lee HB. Effects of conventional and new peritoneal dialysis solutions on human peritoneal mesothelial cell viability and proliferation. Perit Dial Int 2001; 20 Suppl 5:S10-8. [PMID: 11229606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the biocompatibility of "new" peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions with bicarbonate/lactate buffer, non glucose osmotic agents (icodextrin or amino acids), neutral pH, and low levels of glucose degradation products (GDPs). DESIGN Using M199 culture medium as a control, we compared conventional and new PD solutions with respect to their effects on the viability of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) [using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release], on DNA damage in HPMCs [using single-cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay)], and on HPMC proliferation (using [3H]-thymidine incorporation). The experiments were performed after cell growth was synchronized by incubation with serum-free media for 24 hours. The PD solutions tested included commercial 1.5% glucose and 4.25% glucose solutions with 40 mmol/L lactate (D 1.5 and D 4.25, respectively), 7.5% icodextrin (E), 1.1% amino acid (N), 1.5% glucose solution in a triple-chambered bag (Bio 1.5), 1.5% glucose solution in a dual-chambered bag with neutral pH (Bal 1.5), and 1.5% glucose and 4.25% glucose solution containing 25 mmol/L bicarbonate and 15 mmol/L lactate (P 1.5 and P 4.25, respectively). RESULTS When HPMCs were continuously exposed to undiluted PD solutions, D 1.5, D 4.25, P 4.25, and E increased LDH release by more than 60% at 24 hours. All PD solutions tested increased LDH release by more than 75% at 96 hours. With 2-fold diluted PD solutions, only D 4.25 significantly increased LDH release at 96 hours, though not at 24 hours. When cells were exposed to undiluted PD solutions for 60 min and allowed to recover in M199 for up to 96 hours, LDH release was significantly higher at 24-96 hours in E (55%-69%) and D 1.5 (48%-72%) as compared with control [M199 (18%)]. Release of LDH was significantly lower with PD solutions containing lower levels of GDPs than those in D 1.5, suggesting that GDPs may have a role in cell viability. The D solutions (D 1.5 and D 4.25) and E solution also induced significant DNA damage. Both LDH release and DNA damage by D and E were significantly attenuated by adjusting the solution pH to 7.4, suggesting that low pH may be implicated in PD solution-induced DNA damage and cell death. When diluted 2-fold, D 1.5, D 4.25, and P 4.25 decreased [3H]-thymidine incorporation to 43%, 34%, and 41% of control, respectively, at 24 hours and to 45%, 26%, and 35% of control, respectively, at 96 hours. When cells were exposed to undiluted PD solutions for 5 minutes and allowed to recover in M199 for up to 96 hours, D1.5 and P 4.25--but not D 4.25--significantly inhibited cell proliferation at 24 hours. This effect was sustained up to 96 hours. CONCLUSIONS The present in vitro data demonstrate that PD solutions with low pH, or high levels of GDPs, or both, promote HPMC death and DNA damage, and that PD solutions with high osmolality inhibit cell proliferation. Solutions with neutral pH, amino acids, and "low GDPs" appear to be more biocompatible than conventional PD solutions. These results require confirmation in in vivo animal and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ha
- Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soon Chun Hyang University, Seoul, Korea
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