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Cagan M, Donmez HG, Fadiloglu E, Beksac MS. Skin disorders in women with poor obstetric history: MTHFR polymorphisms and importance of preconceptional counseling. Curr Med Res Opin 2024; 40:905-909. [PMID: 38557333 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2024.2337668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study focused on the link between skin disorders and Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms. METHODS Study cases were taken from a pre-conceptional care program where patients with poor obstetric history were evaluated in terms of systemic disorders including skin diseases. This retrospective cohort (n = 472) consisted of 110 (23.3%) and 362 (76.7%) women with or without skin disorders, respectively. For ease of analysis, the history of skin diseases was classified into seven categories: (1) acne/rosacea/other acneiform disorders; (2) fungal disease; (3) pruritis/xerosis; (4) psoriasis vulgaris; (5) acrochordons and other benign skin growths; (6) urticaria/dermatitis; and (7) viral diseases. RESULTS In this retrospective cohort of 472 women, we explored the impact of MTHFR A1298C and C677T polymorphisms on skin disorders. Despite similar allelic frequencies, our findings revealed a statistically significant association between the presence of MTHFR polymorphisms and skin disorders (p = .027). Subgroup analysis indicated significantly higher rates of MTHFR polymorphisms in patients with psoriasis vulgaris (p = .033) and acrochordons (p = .030), highlighting their potential relevance in specific skin disorder subtypes. CONCLUSIONS The increased prevalence of psoriasis and acrochordons among women with MTHFR deficiency underscores the complex relationship between genetic factors and dermatological health. Our findings emphasized the critical role of MTHFR polymorphisms not only in poor obstetric history but also as significant contributors to skin disorders. This dual association highlights the importance of comprehensive preconception counseling, especially customized for women affected by skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Cagan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Erdem Fadiloglu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istinye University, Liv Ankara Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
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Donmez HG, Celik HT, Kayki G, Tanacan A, Cagan M, Yigit S, Yurdakok M, Cakar AN, Beksac MS. Impact of Prematurity on the Buccal Epithelial Cells of the Neonates via Wnt/Beta-Catenin Signaling Pathway and Apoptosis. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:445-451. [PMID: 34891194 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1740348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Understanding the reflections of prematurity is necessary for the management of neonatal complications. We focused on the impact of prematurity and related "maternal risk factors/obstetric complications" on buccal cells of the neonates via evaluation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and apoptosis. STUDY DESIGN This study consisted of "early preterm neonates (EPN) (≤34th gestational week [gw]) (n = 36)," "late preterm neonates (LPN) (34th- < 37th gw) (n = 46)," and "term neonates (control) (≥37th gw) (n = 56)." Cohort was also subclassified according to the presence of maternal risk factors, obstetric complications, and neonatal complications. Wnt/β-catenin signaling and caspase-3 activation pathways were studied immunocytochemically. RESULTS Wnt/β-catenin signaling positivity was statistically more frequent at buccal smears of the EPN and LPN groups compared with controls (p < 0.001). The cutoff for gestational age at delivery in receiver operating characteristic curve with the best balance of sensitivity (67.4%) and specificity (67.3%) was 35.8th gw for determining the reduction of Wnt/β-catenin signaling positivity (p < 0.001). The study demonstrated that obstetric complications significantly affected the activity of signaling, while maternal risk factors do not have any effect on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway (p = 0.003 and p = 0.828, respectively). This study also demonstrated a significant relationship between Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and the presence of neonatal complications (p = 0.015). CONCLUSION Dynamic characteristics of buccal cells are influenced by prematurity and related obstetric and neonatal problems. Buccal smear is a good tool to investigate the impact of prematurity and obstetric problems on perinatal outcome. KEY POINTS · Neonatal buccal cells are affected by prematurity and related obstetric/neonatal problems.. · 35.8th gw is critical for determining the reduction of Wnt/β-catenin signaling positivity.. · Obstetric and neonatal complications significantly related to Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity..
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hasan Tolga Celik
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gozdem Kayki
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Atakan Tanacan
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turkish Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Cagan
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sule Yigit
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Yurdakok
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Nur Cakar
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, TOBB University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Fadiloglu E, Donmez HG, Beksac K, Beksac MS. Impact of Increased Activated Protein-C Resistance, Decreased Antithrombin III Activity and Hypocomplementemia on the Gestational Outcomes of Pregnancies with MTHFR Polymorphisms. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2023; 227:434-440. [PMID: 37579788 DOI: 10.1055/a-2134-6452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of increased Activated Protein C (APC) resistance, decreased antithrombin III activity and hypocomplementemia on the pregnancy outcomes of the patients with methylentetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms. METHODS This study was composed of 83 pregnancies with MTHFR polymorphisms. Increased APC resistance, decreased antithrombin III activity and hypocomplementemia were accepted as risk factors for poor gestational outcome. RESULTS Having at least one risk factor resulted in significantly higher rates of "APGAR score of<7" at the first ten minutes (p=0.009). Composite adverse outcome rate was also higher in patients with at least one of the defined risk factors despite lack of statistical significance (p=0.241). Rate of newborn with an "APGAR score of<7" at first ten minutes was significantly higher at patients with hypocomplementemia (p=0.03). CONCLUSION Hypocomplementemia is a risk factor for poor gestational outcome in pregnancies with MTHFR polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdem Fadiloglu
- Division of Perinatal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Science, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kemal Beksac
- Department of General Surgery, Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Onkoloji Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Donmez HG, Beksac MS. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (4G/5G) of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and the risk factors for placenta-related obstetric complications. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2023; 34:396-402. [PMID: 37577872 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000001242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placenta-related obstetric complications (PROCs) such as miscarriage, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, and preterm birth are the major causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to search the relevance of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) polymorphisms and co-morbidities and the risk factors for PROCs such as miscarriage, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. METHOD This retrospective study analyzed the PAI-1 genotype in a cohort of 268 multiparous women with poor obstetric history. Poor obstetric history was defined as the presence of at least one of the PROCs and/or poor gestational outcomes at the previous pregnancy/pregnancies. RESULTS 5G allele frequency was higher than the 4G allele frequency in the cohort (0.767 vs. 0.233). The frequencies of having at least one risk factor are relatively similar among the different PAI-1 genotypes ( P > 0.05). However, the presence of MTHFR polymorphisms (homozygous and compound heterozygous forms of C677T and A1298G) and hereditary thrombophilia (Factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A gene mutations, and FXIII deficiency) were found to be associated with PAI 4G/4G ( P = 0.048) and 5G/5G ( P = 0.022) genotypes, respectively. Significant differences were not observed in other risk factors and co-morbidities such as autoimmune disorders, chronic inflammatory diseases, history of venous thromboembolism, carbohydrate metabolism disorders, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases depending on PAI-1 genotypes ( P > 0.05). CONCLUSION MTHFR polymorphisms were found to be associated with PAI 4G/4G genotype, while 5G/5G genotype was observed more frequently in hereditary thrombophilia cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
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Sahal G, Donmez HG, Beksac MS. Cervicovaginal Bacillus velezensis Isolate: A Potential Probiotic and an Antagonist Against Candida and Staphylococcus. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:332. [PMID: 37642756 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03447-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The cervicovaginal microbiota is an essential aspect of women's reproductive and overall health. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the probiotic properties of a cervicovaginal isolate, obtained from a gynecologically healthy woman and assess its antagonistic effect against various microorganisms isolated from the vagina. Cytological examination was performed using Papanicolaou staining, and the isolated microorganism was identified via 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene Sequence Analysis. Probiotic characteristics were evaluated by determining the tolerance of the isolate to low pH, different NaCl concentrations, and bile salts. Bacterial adherence to stainless steel sheets, antibiotic susceptibility, and antimicrobial activity tests were also conducted and analyzed. Antimicrobial tests and antagonistic activities were assessed through disc diffusion assays. The cervicovaginal isolate was identified as B. velezensis ON116948 and was found to be tolerant to low pH, high NaCl and 0.3% bile salts. Additionally, it exhibited adherence. With the exception of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC) (30 μg) and oxacillin (OX) (1 μg), this isolate was susceptible to all the antibiotics tested. Candida species did not grow on B. velezensis spread media, while B. velezensis was able to grow on C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, S. condimenti and S. epidermidis spread media with growth zones of 13.7 ± 0.6, 13.3 ± 0.6, 14.2 ± 4.4, 10.5 ± 0.5 and 16.0 ± 1.0 (around discs), respectively. Our findings suggest that the cervicovaginal B. velezensis ON116948 isolate exhibits probiotic properties and antagonistic activity. These results provide important insights into the potential use of this isolate as a probiotic for the prevention of vaginal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulcan Sahal
- Department of Biology (Biotechnology), Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology (General Biology), Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Cagan M, Donmez HG, Dikmen ZG, Beksac MS. Association of lupus anticoagulants with risk factors for obstetric complications and adverse gestational outcome. Hum Antibodies 2023:HAB230003. [PMID: 37248894 DOI: 10.3233/hab-230003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lupus anticoagulant (LA) may be a cause of poor obstetric outcome. OBJECTIVE To search the association of LA with risk factors for obstetric complications and adverse gestational outcome. METHODS This retrospective cohort was consisted of 2 groups of pregnancies with poor obstetric history; 1) LA (+) gestations (Study Group, n= 20) and 2) LA (-) gestations (Control Group, 78). All patients were admitted to a special antenatal care program and were examined in terms of risk factors for thrombotic events, placenta-related obstetric complications, and poor gestational outcomes. Patients were administered low-dose low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), low-dose salicylic acid and low-dose corticosteroid (if necessary) within the framework of a prophylaxis protocol in addition to their already existing medications. RESULTS We have shown that adverse gestational outcome was 1.7-fold more frequent in LA (+) pregnancies with poor obstetric history (p= 0.039, 70% vs. 41%). Higher rates of autoimmune diseases and hereditary thrombophilia were observed among LA (+) patients compared to LA (-) gestations (35% vs. 10.3%, p< 0.012 and 55% vs. 19.2%, p< 0.003, respectively). To identify the effectiveness of low-dose LMWH prophylaxis protocol, we compared gestational outcomes and demonstrated that the miscarriage rate was significantly decreased to half in current pregnancies compared to the previous gestations (73.6% vs. 35%, p= 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Autoimmune diseases and hereditary thrombophilia are more frequent in LA (+) pregnancies, and these women are prone to obstetric problems. Low-dose LMWH and salicylic acid prophylaxis are critical in the management of LA (+) pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Cagan
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeliha Gunnur Dikmen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Beksac K, Donmez HG, Cagan M, Beksac MS. Impact of anti-thyroid peroxidase and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies on the gestational outcome of euthyroid pregnancies: A retrospective study. Hum Antibodies 2022; 30:157-163. [PMID: 35912736 DOI: 10.3233/hab-220010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroglobulin (anti-TG) and/or thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) autoantibodies are associated with higher rates of poor gestational outcomes. OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the impact of anti-TPO and anti-TG autoantibodies on the gestational outcomes of euthyroid pregnant women with a history of poor gestational outcome and thyroid gland disorders. METHODS This retrospective study included totally 75 euthyroid pregnant, 30 of women with high thyroid autoantibodies (Anti-TPO/Thyroglobulin-positive group) and 45 of them without autoantibodies (control group). RESULTS We could not demonstrate significant differences between two groups in terms of risk factors/co-morbidities, obstetric complications, gestational outcomes, and birth data (p> 0.05). However, enhanced miscarriage rates were observed among the Anti-TPO/Thyroglobulin-positive and control groups without significance (36.7% and 17.8% respectively, p= 0.116). High neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission rates were found for control and Anti-TPO/Thyroglobulin-positive groups (16.2% and 21.1%, respectively) (p= 0.720). Clinically, we compared the two groups in terms of the existence and the types of goiter (diffuse and nodular), and demonstrated that nodular goiter was statistically more frequent in the control group (40.0% vs. 8.7%, p= 0.015). Alongside, relatively high hereditary thrombophilia and type-2 diabetes mellitus rates were found in the Anti-TPO/Thyroglobulin-positive group (20.0% and 20.0%). CONCLUSION Thyroid autoantibody positivity is likely a risk factor for early pregnancy loss and NICU admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Beksac
- Department of General Surgery, Ankara Oncology Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Cagan
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Donmez HG, Akgor U, Onder S, Tanacan A, Kuru O, Ozgul N, Usubutun A, Hufbauer M, Akgül B, Beksac MS. Impact of Human Papillomavirus on Wnt/Beta-Catenin Signaling in Morphological Inconspicuous Cervicovaginal Cells. Acta Cytol 2022; 66:409-419. [PMID: 35306501 DOI: 10.1159/000522635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to identify early changes in the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infected cervicovaginal cells and to correlate these changes with cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagic processes. METHODS We evaluated 91 cervicovaginal smears of women with (n = 41) and without (n = 50) HPV-DNA. Smears were stained against beta-catenin, c-myc, secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (sFRP4), cleaved caspase-3, and the autophagy markers Beclin-1 and light chain 3B. In addition, sFRP-1, -2, -3, -4, -5 mRNA levels were determined by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR in primary keratinocytes and FaDu cells expressing HPV16-E6, -E7, or -E6E7. RESULTS Our data indicated that the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is activated in HPV (+) cervicovaginal cells that can already be detected in cells with no obvious changes in cellular morphology (HPV [+]/cyto [-]). These cells also had significantly higher sFRP4 levels when compared to HPV-negative samples. In primary keratinocytes, sFRP4 was found to be absent and sFRP1 and sFRP2 to be repressed in the presence of HPV16-E6 and E7. Interestingly, sFRP4 is expressed in FaDu cells and can be upregulated in the presence of E6E7. Curiously, SFRP4 expression correlated with an increase in the level of autophagic markers in HPV (+)/cyto (-) smears. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway and upregulation of sFRP4, paralleled by an activation of the autophagic pathway may represent predisposing cellular factors early after HPV infection which need to be further determined in larger study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Utku Akgor
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevgen Onder
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Atakan Tanacan
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Kuru
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nejat Ozgul
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alp Usubutun
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Martin Hufbauer
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Baki Akgül
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Cagan M, Okuducu U, Donmez HG, Beksac MS. Singleton pregnancy losses before gestational week 22 among patients with autoimmune disorders and Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms. Hum Antibodies 2022; 30:59-65. [PMID: 35001885 DOI: 10.3233/hab-211517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rates of pregnancy losses (PLs) are increased by maternal risk factors such as autoimmune disorders (AD) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphisms. OBJECTIVE To evaluate singleton PLs before gestational week (gw) 22 among patients with AD and MTHFR polymorphisms. METHODS Totally, 1108 singleton pregnancies in 243 women were categorized as: 1) 148 pregnancies in 33 patients with AD, 2) 316 pregnancies in 66 patients with MTHFR polymorphisms, 3) 644 pregnancies in 144 patients with AD +MTHFR polymorphisms. PLs were classified into subgroups: a) Chemical Pregnancy(CP), b) Blighted Ovum(BO), c) gw ⩽ 10, d) gw11-14 e) gw15-22, f) Ectopic Pregnancy(EP), g) Trophoblastic Disease(TD). Obstetric histories were compared using Beksac Obstetrics Index (BOI): [number of living child + (π/10)]/gravida. RESULTS PL rates before gw22 were 39.2% (58/148), 33.2% (105/316), and 36.3% (234/644) in AD, MTHFR, and AD +MTHFR groups, respectively (p= 0.421). The rate of Pre-Prenatal Screening Period fetal losses (CP + BO + gw ⩽ 10 fetal losses + EP + TD) were 84.8%, 75.9%, and 77.8% in AD, MTHFR, and AD +MTHFR, respectively (p= 0.264). Gravidity ⩽ 4 versus those with gravidity ⩾ 5 had statistically significant differences in BOI (p< 0.001). CONCLUSIONS PL rate before gw22 among singleton pregnancies with AD and/or MTHFR polymorphisms was 35.8%. The clinical findings seem to be more complicated in patients with gravidity ⩾ 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Cagan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ummuhan Okuducu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Orgul G, Dalva K, Dalva-Aydemir S, Alniacik RG, Donmez HG, Cakar AN, Beksac M, Beksac MS. Significance of inhibitory maternal killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) and fetal KIR ligand genotype combinations in placenta related obstetric complications. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 148:103425. [PMID: 34607283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Some maternal killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) and fetal KIR ligand genotypes are associated with obstetric complications, such as recurrent miscarriage, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. However, how KIR/KIR ligand genotypes affect these placenta-related obstetric complications has not been fully understood. We aimed to demonstrate the association of maternal KIR-fetal KIR ligand genotype combinations with immunological/metabolic risk factor associated placenta-related obstetric complications. This study consisted of three groups of pregnant women: 1) Miscarriage group (n = 30), 2) Complicated Pregnancy (CP) group (n = 30), and 3) Control group (n = 30). The observed maternal genotype frequencies of all inhibitory and activating KIRs were similar in all groups (p > 0.05). However, inhibitory 2DL3 was quite frequent in the miscarriage group (p = 0.052). There was no difference between groups in terms of centromeric and telomeric maternal haplotypes (p > 0.05). The fetal group 1 HLA-C genotype was frequently detected in the miscarriage and CP groups with rates of 83.3 % and 93.3 % respectively, while the observed frequency was 70 % in the control group. The fetal group 2 HLA-C genotype was the same in all groups. The results demonstrated significantly less fetal group 2 HLA-C homozygosity in the CP groups when compared to the control group (p = 0.020). The fetal HLA-Bw4 genotype was detected more frequently in the miscarriage and CP groups (p = 0.028 and p = 0.001, respectively). The inhibitory KIR/KIR ligand genotype combinations of 2DL3-C1 and 3DL1-Bw4 were more frequent in the miscarriage and CP groups (p = 0.045 and p = 0.002, respectively). Enhanced NK cell inhibition may be one of the mechanisms underlying placenta-related obstetric complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokcen Orgul
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Turkey.
| | - Klara Dalva
- Division of Haematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara University, Turkey.
| | | | | | - Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ayse Nur Cakar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, TOBB University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Meral Beksac
- Division of Haematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara University, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Turkey.
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Beksac K, Sahal G, Donmez HG. Thyme essential oil as an antimicrobial and biofilm inhibitory agent against abscesses with P. mirabilis Infections. J Herb Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Beksac MS, Donmez HG. Association of increased C-Reactive Protein and hypocomplementemia with risk factors for thrombosis in women who have susceptibility for poor gestational outcome; importance of preconceptional counseling. Hum Antibodies 2021; 29:249-254. [PMID: 34275896 DOI: 10.3233/hab-210452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association of increased C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and hypocomplementemia with risk factors for thrombosis such as Factor V Leiden (FVLP) and Prothrombin G20210A polymorphisms (PP), increased Activated Protein C Resistance (APCR) and decreased anti-thrombin III (ATIII) activity in women who have metabolic (MTHFR polymorphisms) and immunological risk factors (autoimmune antibody positivity, autoimmune disorders, and chronic inflammatory diseases). All patients (n= 197) were evaluated in terms of risk factors for thrombosis including FVLP, PP, increased APCR, and decreased ATIII activity as well as CRP and complement (C) 3 and C4 levels within a framework of preconceptional care program. Patients with high CRP levels together with hypocomplementemia were included to the study group (n= 13), while women with normal levels of CRP, C3, and C4 were accepted as controls (n= 184). Decreased ATIII activity was found to be statistically more frequent in the study group compared to controls (p= 0.036). There were no significant differences between the study and control groups in terms of the presence of FVLP, PP and increased APCR (p= 0.386, p= 0.462, p= 0.625, respectively). Decreased ATIII activity should be the concern of preconceptional and antenatal care programs in risky patients with increased CRP levels and hypocomplementemia in order to prevent placental inflammation related gestational complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Donmez HG, Celik HT, Kayki G, Yigit S, Yurdakok M, Cakar AN, Beksac MS. Impact of preterm birth on the cellular characteristics of neonatal buccal cells. Cytopathology 2021; 32:660-670. [PMID: 34033163 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the impact of preterm birth on the cytological, cytomorphometrical, and nuclear parameters of neonatal buccal smears. METHODS This study consisted of Early Preterm Neonates (EPN; ≤34th gestational week [gw]; n = 36), Late Preterm Neonates (LPN; 34th to <37th gw; n = 46), and Term Neonates (control; ≥37th gw; n = 56). Cytological evaluation and buccal cytome assay were performed using Papanicolaou and Feulgen methods, respectively. RESULTS Cytological evaluation demonstrated that smear background was cleaner (P < .05) and there were less macrophages in the control group (P < .001). Cyto-morphometric analysis showed that the measurements of nuclear diameter, nuclear area, and nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio were higher in the preterm (EPN and LPN) versus the control groups (P = .016, P < .001, and P < .001, respectively). We also demonstrated that staining intensity of the nucleus and cytoplasm were less intense in the EPN and LPN groups (P < .001). There was no statistically significant difference between the EPN and LPN groups for any parameters (P > .05). Buccal cytome assay showed that nuclear buds were more prevalent in term newborns compared to preterm neonates (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Morphological and cytological properties of neonatal buccal cells are influenced by preterm birth status, and buccal smears may be used as a tool to detect biological markers of neonatal health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hasan Tolga Celik
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gozdem Kayki
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sule Yigit
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Yurdakok
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Nur Cakar
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, TOBB University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Beksac MS, Donmez HG. Impact of hydroxychloroquine on the gestational outcomes of pregnant women with immune system problems that necessitate the use of the drug. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2020; 47:570-575. [PMID: 33146470 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the impact of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) on the perinatal outcomes of pregnancies with immune system disorders that necessitate the use of the drug. METHODS This cohort consisted of 202 pregnancies with poor obstetric history and immune system problems. Patients enrolled in special antenatal care program were administered low-dose low-molecular-weight heparin, low-dose salicylic acid and low-dose corticosteroid (prophylaxis protocol) as soon as their pregnancies were confirmed. Pregnancies with systemic lupus erythematosis, Sjogren syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis were additionally administered HCQ 200 mg daily as a part of their routine treatment. Pregnancies using HCQ were included in the study group (n = 39) while the remainders were included in control group (n = 163). We compared the groups in terms of the presence of miscarriage, fetal growth restriction (FGR), preeclampsia and preterm birth, as well as gestational week at birth, birthweight and "APGAR score of <7" at 10th minute. RESULTS Miscarriage rates were 28.2% and 28.2% while preterm birth rates were 16.6% and 28.2% in the control and study groups, respectively (P = 0.215). Preeclampsia and HCQ-related side effects were not detected in the groups. There were also no significant differences between the groups in terms of FGR, gestational day at birth, birthweight and the presence of "APGAR score <7" at 10th minute (P = 0.462, P = 0.064, P = 0.273 and P = 0.627, respectively). CONCLUSION Low-dose low-molecular-weight heparin, low-dose salicylic acid and low-dose corticosteroid prophylaxis together with HCQ seem to be promising in pregnancies with immune system disorders. HCQ seems to be a safe and effective drug in low dosages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Abstract
Background β-Catenin mediates cellular adhesion and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling mechanism, thereby controlling cell proliferation and differentiation. Studies of endometrial tissue suggest that there are differences in β-catenin expression during the course of regular menstrual cycles. However, differences in expression in squamous epithelial cells between the proliferative and secretory phases have hitherto remained unknown. Objectives To localize β-catenin in squamous epithelial cells in cervicovaginal smears during the course of regular menstrual cycles. Methods In this observational study, smears were taken from women (n = 102) with various gynecological complaints. Squamous epithelial cells were stained using a Papanicolaou method to evaluate their cytology and any infection. An anti-β-catenin antibody was used to localize immunoreactivity in the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and/or nucleus. Results Women with a regular menstrual cycle (n = 62) were divided into 2 groups: those in a proliferative phase (26/62, 42%) and those in a secretory phase (36/62, 58%). Cytoplasmic and nuclear β-catenin immunoreactivity was observed prominently in the proliferative phase (19/26, 73%), whereas low-level β-catenin immunoreactivity was seen in the secretory phase (9/36, 25%). Compared with the secretory phase, the mean H-scores for β-catenin immunoreactivity in the proliferative phase were significantly increased in the membrane (P = 0.039), the cytoplasm (P < 0.001), and the nucleus (P = 0.033). By contrast, β-catenin immunoreactivity was reduced from parabasal to superficial cells in both the proliferative and secretory phases. Conclusions Cytoplasmic and/or nuclear β-catenin immunoreactivity may indicate that the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is cycle dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Beytepe Campus, 06800Ankara, Turkey
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Cagan M, Tanacan A, Donmez HG, Fadiloglu E, Unal C, Beksac MS. The Effect of Small Size Uterine Fibroids on Pregnancy Outcomes in High-risk Pregnancies. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2020; 42:535-539. [PMID: 32992356 PMCID: PMC10309216 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the obstetric outcomes of singleton high-risk pregnancies with a small size uterine fibroid. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted among 172 high-risk pregnant women who were followed-up by a single surgeon between 2016 and 2019. Pregnant women with preconceptionally diagnosed small size (< 5 cm) single uterine fibroids (n = 25) were compared with pregnant women without uterine fibroids (n = 147) in terms of obstetric outcomes. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The size of the fibroids was increased in 60% of the cases, and the growth percentage of the fibroids was 25% during pregnancy. Intrapartum and short-term complication was not observed in women who underwent cesarean myomectomy. CONCLUSION Small size uterine fibroids seem to have no adverse effect on pregnancy outcomes even in high-risk pregnancies, and cesarean myomectomy may be safely performed in properly selected cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Cagan
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Atakan Tanacan
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Erdem Fadiloglu
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Canan Unal
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
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Beksac B, Donmez HG, Cagan M, Unal C, Fadiloglu E, Beksac MS. Acrochordons and autoimmunity: Significance of preconceptional counseling. Hum Antibodies 2020; 28:335-339. [PMID: 32831198 DOI: 10.3233/hab-200426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acrochordons are benign hypertrophic lesions of the skin of which the pathophysiology is unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association of acrochordons with autoimmune disorders in patients with a poor obstetric history. METHODS This retrospective cohort involved 350 female patients with poor obstetric history who were included in a preconceptional care program to investigate risk factors for obstetric complications. These patients were further investigated for the co-existence of autoimmune disorders (defined by either a diagnosis of autoimmune diseases or autoimmune antibody positivity) and acrochordons. RESULTS An autoimmune disorder was present in 55.7% (195/350) of the patients. The rate of acrochordons was significantly higher in patients with autoimmune disorders (n= 195) compared to the control group (n= 155) (8.21% versus 2.58%, respectively) (p= 0.043). When the autoimmune disease positive (n= 58) and autoimmune antibody-positive (n= 137) groups were separately analyzed, acrochordons were found more frequently in the autoimmune disease group (p= 0.004). However, there was no statistically significant co-occurrence of autoimmune antibody positivity and the presence of skin tags (p= 0.135). CONCLUSION There may be immune system-related biological mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of acrochordons. Preconceptional counseling is beneficial for women with poor obstetric history and acrochordons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Beksac
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Gulhane Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Cagan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Canan Unal
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erdem Fadiloglu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Donmez HG, Sahal G, Akgor U, Cagan M, Ozgul N, Beksac MS. The relationship between the presence of HPV infection and biofilm formation in cervicovaginal smears. Infection 2020; 48:735-740. [PMID: 32623704 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-020-01478-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate and understand the association of HPV infection and biofilm formation. METHODS The study consisted of cervicovaginal samples of 72 women who were evaluated at the colposcopy unit. Papanicolaou staining was used for cytological examination while "Crystal Violet Binding" assay was performed to detect biofilm formation. RESULTS HPV-DNA was positive in 55.5% (n = 40) of the patients. The biofilm formation rate was statistically significantly higher in the HPV-positive women (45%) compared to HPV-negative women (21.9%) (P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant relationship between the presence of single HPV and "high-risk HPV" types and biofilm formation (P < 0.05). Biofilm formation was found in 80% of women with abnormal smear demonstrating atypical epithelial cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Biofilm formation is more frequent at the cervicovaginal microbiota of patients with HPV infection. This finding is especially important in cases with atypical epithelial cells at their cervicovaginal smears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Gulcan Sahal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Utku Akgor
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Cagan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nejat Ozgul
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Donmez HG, Cagan M, Fadiloglu E, Unal C, Onder SC, Beksac MS. Is bacterial vaginosis associated with autoimmune antibody positivity? Cytopathology 2020; 31:298-302. [PMID: 32358984 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between bacterial vaginosis (BV) and autoimmune antibody positivity. METHOD We evaluated Papanicolaou-stained cervicovaginal smears of 210 patients with poor obstetric history who were admitted to a special preconception counselling programme. Cytological specimens with various types of microorganisms except for BV, epithelial cell abnormalities and other non-neoplastic findings, including inflammation were excluded from the cohort in addition to patients with autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. The remaining study population (n = 121) was divided into two groups of patients with autoimmune antibody positivity (study group, n = 80) and patients without antibody positivity (control group, n = 41). RESULTS The rate of BV was demonstrated to be 13.8% and 2.4% in the study and control groups respectively (P = .042). We also demonstrated that the anti-nuclear antibody was positive in 58.3% of the cases with BV. CONCLUSION BV was found more frequently in patients with autoimmune antibody positivity to a statistically significant degree.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Murat Cagan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erdem Fadiloglu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Canan Unal
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Donmez HG, Beksac MS. Comparison of cytological and immunocytochemical methods for detecting apoptotic epithelial cells in cervicovaginal smears. Diagn Cytopathol 2019; 47:1277-1282. [PMID: 31576675 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several methods have been applied to detect death cells in tissue, cell culture, and fluid samples. We aimed to compare the cytological and immunocytochemical methods for detecting apoptotic cells in cervicovaginal smears. METHODS Cervicovaginal smears were taken from 102 women for various gynecological complaints. The slides were stained using the Papanicolaou (Pap)-staining method for cytological evaluation. Cleaved caspase 3 (CC3) antibody was used to detect apoptosis by immunocytochemically, and H-Score was used for the evaluation. In Pap-stained smears, apoptosis was detected and evaluated using our new scoring system by the examination of morphological changes of epithelial cells such as apoptotic bodies, blebbing, karyopyknosis, karyorrhexis, and karyolysis. We used Kappa analysis to understand whether there is an agreement between cytological and immunocytochemical methods for detecting apoptotic cells. RESULTS Cytological and immunocytochemical methods showed similarities at a moderate level (κ = 0.482, P < .001). The cytological and immunocytochemical scores were also similar to each other at a fair level (κ = 0.373, P < .001). Pap smears had a sensitivity of 64.40% (95% CI: 50.12-76.01), specificity of 86.04% (95% CI: 72.65-94.83), positive likelihood ratio of 4.62, negative likelihood ratio of 0.41, positive predictive value of 86.36%, negative predictive value of 63.79%, and overall probability of 73.53% compared to immunocytochemical staining. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that Pap smear and cytological scores alone were not good enough to identify apoptosis compared to the immunocytochemical studies. However, because of its high specificity, it may still be an adequate method to detect apoptotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Donmez HG, Tanacan A, Unal C, Fadiloglu E, Onder SC, Portakal O, Beksac MS. Human papillomavirus infection and autoimmune disorders: a tertiary center experience. Pathog Dis 2019; 77:5481523. [DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftz028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between HPV and autoimmune disorders. We retrospectively evaluated 62 women who had HPV-DNA positivity in terms of autoimmune disorders (autoimmune antibody positivity, chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases). The patients were divided into two groups according to autoimmune disorder positivity (autoimmune positive (n = 30), autoimmune negative (n = 32)) and compared with each other in terms of single and multiple HPV-DNA types, high and low-risk HPV-DNA types, and Pap smear findings. We determined that 48.4% of the HPV-DNA positive patients had autoimmune disorders. We found that 15 of 62 (24.2%) women had more than one type of HPV and HPV type 16 was the dominant type in this study (58.2%). A total of 27.4% of HPV-DNA positive patients had abnormal cytological findings. There was no statistically significant difference between autoimmune groups in terms of the presence of high-risk HPV types, multiple HPV types and abnormal cytological findings (P = 0.531, P = 0.558 and P = 0.234, respectively). The prevalence of autoimmune disorders was high among HPV-DNA positive women. On the other hand, the rate of high-risk HPV type positivity, multiple HPV infections and cytopathological findings were similar between the autoimmune positive and negative groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06800 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Atakan Tanacan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Canan Unal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erdem Fadiloglu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevgen Celik Onder
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Oytun Portakal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Sinan Beksac
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
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Donmez HG, Demirezen S, Beksac MS. The relationship between beta-catenin and apoptosis: A cytological and immunocytochemical examination. Tissue Cell 2016; 48:160-7. [PMID: 27105607 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Disruption of the adhesive role of beta-catenin by caspases has been reported; however, the relationship between the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway and apoptosis remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate squamous epithelial cells in cervicovaginal smears by using cytological and immunocytochemical methods to observe changes in the presence and localization of beta-catenin during apoptosis, death receptor-, and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. We investigated 224 cervicovaginal smears using the Papanicolaou method. Anti-beta-catenin and anti-cleaved caspase 3, 8, and 9 antibodies were used for immunocytochemical staining. Apoptotic cells were negative for beta-catenin. This showed that the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway was inactive in apoptotic cells. However, beta-catenin showed intense positivity in the membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus of non-apoptotic epithelial cells around these apoptotic cells. Therefore, the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway was active in non-apoptotic epithelial cells, and this activity in non-apoptotic cells may have been induced by apoptotic cells. A highly significant association between the presence of death receptor-mediated apoptosis and the activity of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway was also found (P<0.001). In conclusion, the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway was found to be inactive in apoptotic cells, but apoptotic cells may induce the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in non-apoptotic cells to compensate for a decrease in epithelial cells because of apoptosis in order to maintain epithelial tissue integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06800 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sayeste Demirezen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06800 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100 Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
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