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Saadeh M, Fayyad-Kazan H, Haddad R, Ayoub F. Facial soft tissue thickness differences among different vertical facial patterns. Forensic Sci Int 2020; 317:110468. [PMID: 32971443 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In forensic facial approximation, facial soft tissue thickness (FSTT) measurements play a major role. These values are affected by many factors such as ethnicity, age and sex, in addition to measurement errors. We hypothesize that an additional source of error is the lack of consideration of facial type in the assessment of FSTT norms. The purpose of this study was to: 1- evaluate the presence of significant effects of vertical facial type within the FSTT measurements in adults and 2- assess the correlations between FSTT and hard and soft tissue cephalometric measurements. The sample consisted of the lateral cephalometric radiographs of 222 adult individuals (87 males; 135 females, 23.49±6.24 years of age) with normal occlusion and balanced profiles. Hard and soft tissue cephalometric measurements were taken, in addition to FSST at 10 facial landmarks. The sample was categorized into 3 vertical pattern groups based on the MP/SN angle: hypodivergent, normodivergent and hyperdivergent. Statistical analyses included MANOVA test and Pearson moment product for associations among variables. Statistically significant effect of vertical divergence on FSTT values was limited to the levels of Stomion, Labiomentale and Pogonion and FSTT measurements were associated with measurements related to the lower face (Lm and Pog) Moderate to high correlations between mandibular length and ramus length and FSTT values related to the lower face (LL, Lm and Pog mainly) emphasize further the important role of the underlying skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Saadeh
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanon; American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
| | | | | | - Fouad Ayoub
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanon.
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Simonet S, Rodriguez-Lafrasse C, Beal D, Gerbaud S, Malesys C, Tillement O, Lux F, Fayyad-Kazan H, Rachidi W, Ardail D. Gadolinium-Based Nanoparticles Can Overcome the Radioresistance of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through the Induction of Autophagy. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2020; 16:111-124. [PMID: 31996290 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2020.2871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is a mainstay in the therapeutic management of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). Despite significant progress in this field, radioresistance still accounts for most treatment failures. Gadolinium-based nanoparticles (GBNs) have shown great promises as radiosensitizers but the underlying sensitizing mechanism is still largely unknown with regards to the disparities obtained in in vitro studies. In this study, we show that a new formulation of GBNs, AGuIX®, can radiosensitize HNSCC after cell uptake and further accumulation in lysosomes. Although radiation alone triggered late apoptosis and mitochondrial impairment, the pre-treatment with GBNs led to complex DNA damage and a specific increase of autophagic cell death. In addition, a significant radio-enhancement effect was obtained after the pre-conditioning of cells with a glutathione inhibitor before GBNs treatment and radiation exposure. Overall, our results provide additional information on the radio-enhancing properties of GBNs in the management of radioresistant HNSCC.
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Zeitouny M, Fayyad-Kazan H, Tassery H, Fayyad-Kazan H. In Vitro Influence of Prophylaxis Cleaning on Enamel Remineralization with Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate. J Oral Maxillofac Res 2020; 11:e4. [PMID: 32377328 PMCID: PMC7191381 DOI: 10.5037/jomr.2020.11104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This randomized controlled in vitro 4-arm trial study aimed to study the remineralization potential of Recaldent™ and assess the effects of prophylaxis cleaning and MI Varnish® on enhancing this remineralization potential. Material and Methods Sixty human teeth were randomly assigned into equal samples (A/B). Sample A was prophylactically cleaned, randomly divided into equal samples (1/2). Sample A1 received treatment with MI Varnish® and Recaldent™ for 30 days. Sample A2 was treated similarly but without MI Varnish®. Sample B did not receive prophylaxis cleaning and was divided into equal samples (1/2). Sample B1 was treated as A1 and sample B2 as A2. The teeth were examined for mineral composition at baseline, after the interventions (T1), and after prophylaxis cleaning (T2). Study outcomes were mineral content (% weight of carbon [C], phosphorus [P], calcium [Ca], oxygen [O], chlorine [Cl], sodium [Na] and silicon [Si]) and calcium-phosphorus ratio (Ca/P). Results All groups had similar mineral composition at baseline. At T1, sample B2 exhibited least P, Ca and Ca/P content. Samples A1 and B1 showed higher content of P and Ca, compared to B2 (A1 only exhibited higher Ca/P). Sample A2 exhibited lowest Cl and Na content. At T2, sample A1 exhibited lowest C, P, O and Si content (highest Ca/P). Sample A2 showed least Ca/P, and highest Na content. Conclusions Teeth treated by Recaldent™ proceeded by prophylaxis cleaning or MI Varnish® showed remineralization, especially when receiving both interventions. This superior effect persisted even after a second cleaning. Further trials are necessary to provide conclusive evidence in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Zeitouny
- Department of Restorative and Esthetic, Faculty of dentistry, Lebanese University, HadathLebanon
| | | | - Herve Tassery
- Laboratoire Bioingénierie et Nanoisciences, Montpellier University, MontpellierFrance.,Aix Marseille University, MarseilleFrance
| | - Hussein Fayyad-Kazan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, HadathLebanon
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Ayoub F, Saadeh M, Fayyad-Kazan H, Haddad R. Stereophotogrammetric analysis of labial morphology in a young adult Middle-Eastern population. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2018; 47:273-279. [PMID: 30594430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The majority of previous research delineating the morphological characteristics of the orolabial region has been on Caucasian populations, with very minor research on Mediterranean populations, and none on the Lebanese population. AIM The primary aim was to collect information on the gender-specific 3D morphology of the mouth and lips in young Middle Eastern adults. The secondary aim was to explore the presence of associations between orolabial morphology and age and body mass index (BMI), and to assess correlations between linear orolabial dimensions and area/volume measures. METHODS The study used non-invasive stereophotogrammetry to collect information on gender-specific 3D labial morphology (linear distances, areas, and volumes) for 122 adult Lebanese subjects, aged 18-30 years (47 males, 75 females). Associations between labial morphology and age and body mass index were assessed, in addition to correlations between linear orolabial dimensions and area/volume measures. RESULTS All linear, angular, area, and volume lip measurements displayed significant variability. Both lip area and volume were smaller in the upper than in the lower lip. Eighteen out of the 20 linear measurements were significantly larger in males. The ratio, area, and volume measurements mostly displayed no statistically significant gender dimorphism. CONCLUSIONS Alongside presenting the first documented report on anthropometric labial measurements of a young Lebanese adult population, this research highlights the presence of gender dimorphism in linear and angular measurements, but not in area and volume measurements, and a strong association between certain linear labial measurements and lip area and volume. In addition, it presents pilot data on the association between labial anthropometry and body mass index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Ayoub
- Department of Forensic Odontostomatology and Human Identification, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Maria Saadeh
- Department of Forensic Odontostomatology and Human Identification, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Hasan Fayyad-Kazan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Ramzi Haddad
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
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El Hajj P, Gilot D, Migault M, Theunis A, van Kempen LC, Salés F, Fayyad-Kazan H, Badran B, Larsimont D, Awada A, Bachelot L, Galibert MD, Ghanem G, Journe F. SNPs at miR-155 binding sites of TYRP1 explain discrepancy between mRNA and protein and refine TYRP1 prognostic value in melanoma. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:91-8. [PMID: 26068396 PMCID: PMC4647532 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: We previously demonstrated an inverse correlation between tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1) mRNA expression in melanoma metastases and patient survival. However, TYRP1 protein was not detected in half of tissues expressing mRNA and did not correlate with survival. Based on a study reporting that 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of TYRP1 mRNA contains two miR-155-5p (named miR-155) binding sites exhibiting single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that promote (matched miRNA–mRNA interaction) mRNA decay or not (mismatched), we aimed to investigate the role of miR-155 in the regulation of TYRP1 mRNA expression and protein translation accounting for these SNPs. Methods: The effect of miR-155 on TYRP1 mRNA/protein expression was evaluated in two melanoma cell lines harbouring matched or mismatched miR-155–TYRP1 mRNA interaction after transfection with pre-miR-155. In parallel, 192 skin and lymph node melanoma metastases were examined for TYRP1 mRNA/protein, miR-155 and SNPs and correlated with patient survival. TYRP1 mRNA, SNPs at its 3′UTR and miR-155 were analysed by RT–qPCR, whereas TYRP1 protein was evaluated by western blot in cell lines and by immunohistochemistry in metastatic tissues. Results: The miR-155 induced a dose-dependent TYRP1 mRNA decay and hampered its translation into protein in the line with the ‘match' genotype. In melanoma metastases, TYRP1 mRNA inversely correlated with miR-155 expression but not with TYRP1 protein in the ‘match' group, whereas it positively correlated with protein but not with miR-155 in the ‘mismatch' group. Consequently, in the latter group, TYRP1 protein inversely correlated with survival. Conclusion: Polymorphisms in 3′UTR of TYRP1 mRNA can affect TYRP1 mRNA regulation by miR-155 and its subsequent translation into protein. These SNPs can render TYRP1 mRNA and protein expression nonsusceptible to miR-155 activity and disclose a prognostic value for TYRP1 protein in a subgroup of melanoma patients. These data support the interest in the prognostic value of melanogenic markers and propose TYRP1 to refine prognosis in patients with advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P El Hajj
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1 Rue Heger-Bordet, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Gilot
- CNRS UMR 6290, Université de Rennes 1, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - M Migault
- CNRS UMR 6290, Université de Rennes 1, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - A Theunis
- Department of Pathology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1 Rue Heger-Bordet, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - L C van Kempen
- Department of Pathology, McGill University and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1E2 Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - F Salés
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1 Rue Heger-Bordet, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - H Fayyad-Kazan
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1 Rue Heger-Bordet, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - B Badran
- Department of Biochemistry, Lebanese University, Rafic Campus, 1003 Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon
| | - D Larsimont
- Department of Pathology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1 Rue Heger-Bordet, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Awada
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1 Rue Heger-Bordet, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Bachelot
- CNRS UMR 6290, Université de Rennes 1, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - M-D Galibert
- CNRS UMR 6290, Université de Rennes 1, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - G Ghanem
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1 Rue Heger-Bordet, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Journe
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1 Rue Heger-Bordet, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
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