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Alfaifi M, Alsayari A, Gurusamy N, Louis J, Eldin Elbehairi S, Venkatesan K, Annadurai S, I. Asiri Y, Shati A, Saleh K, Alboushnak H, Handoussa H, Bin Muhsinah A, Abdel Motaal A. Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, Cytotoxic Activity Screening and UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS Metabolites Determination of Bioactive Fractions of Kleinia pendula. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020418. [PMID: 31968561 PMCID: PMC7024144 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Kleinia pendula (Forssk.) DC. is a prostrate or pendent dark green succulent herb found in the southwestern mountain regions of Saudi Arabia. The literature survey of the plant reveals a lack of phytochemical and pharmacological studies, although traditional uses have been noted. The objective of the present work was to assess the in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as, the in vitro cytotoxic potential of the fractions of Kleinia pendula, and correlate these activities to the plant metabolites. The methanolic extract of Kleinia pendula was subjected to fractionation with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, n-butanol, and water. The fractions were screened for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as cytotoxic activity against breast, liver, and colon cancer cell lines. The n-hexane and chloroform fractions of Kleinia pendula showed significant cytotoxic activity against all three cancer cell lines tested. The ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions showed significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. The metabolites in these three active fractions were determined using UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS. Thus, the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the plant were attributed to its phenolic acids (caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, protocatechuic, and chlorogenic acids). While fatty acids and triterpenoids such as (tormentic acid) in the hexane fraction are responsible for the cytotoxic activity; thus, these fractions of Kleinia pendula may be a novel source for the development of new plant-based analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alfaifi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.E.); (A.S.); (K.S.); (H.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Abdulrhman Alsayari
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (N.G.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (S.A.); (Y.I.A.); (A.B.M.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Narasimman Gurusamy
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (N.G.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (S.A.); (Y.I.A.); (A.B.M.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Justin Louis
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (N.G.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (S.A.); (Y.I.A.); (A.B.M.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Serag Eldin Elbehairi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.E.); (A.S.); (K.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Kumar Venkatesan
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (N.G.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (S.A.); (Y.I.A.); (A.B.M.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Sivakumar Annadurai
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (N.G.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (S.A.); (Y.I.A.); (A.B.M.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Yahya I. Asiri
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (N.G.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (S.A.); (Y.I.A.); (A.B.M.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Ali Shati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.E.); (A.S.); (K.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Kamel Saleh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.E.); (A.S.); (K.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Helmi Alboushnak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.E.); (A.S.); (K.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Heba Handoussa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt;
| | - Abdullatif Bin Muhsinah
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (N.G.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (S.A.); (Y.I.A.); (A.B.M.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Amira Abdel Motaal
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (N.G.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (S.A.); (Y.I.A.); (A.B.M.); (A.A.M.)
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