Nergård BJ, Lindqvist A, Gislason HG, Groop L, Ekelund M, Wierup N, Hedenbro JL. Mucosal glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide cell numbers in the super-obese human foregut after gastric bypass.
Surg Obes Relat Dis 2015;
11:1237-46. [PMID:
26143297 DOI:
10.1016/j.soard.2015.03.021]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Super-obesity, a body mass index>50 kg/m(2), is difficult to treat. Many studies have focused on the anatomic changes of the intestines; the physiologic background is not clearly identified. It is established that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) augments secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY), and insulin, but other aspects of gut hormone cell function in the alimentary limb are unknown.
OBJECTIVE
To study the effects of laparoscopic RYGB on enteroendocrine cells.
SETTING
University-affiliated, high-volume bariatric surgery center.
METHODS
Eighteen nondiabetic patients were drawn from the present study (NCT 01514799), randomizing between biliopancreatic (BP) limbs of either 60 cm (BP60) or 200 cm (BP200). Demographic characteristics did not differ at baseline or 12 months. Pouch and jejunal biopsies were obtained intraoperatively and using endoscopy at 12 months. Mucosal height and density of hormone-producing cell populations were assessed and mRNA expression measured with real-time polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS
In perianastomotic jejunum, a 4.9-fold increase in GLP-1 cell density was evident 12 months after RYGB, most pronounced in the BP200-group. The densities of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) cells and PYY immunoreactive cells were doubled after 12 months. GIP mRNA was unaffected, but GLP-1 and PYY mRNA were lower 12 months after RYGB. RYGB had no impact on villi length or density of ghrelin-, cholecystokinin-, neurotensin-, secretin-, or serotonin-producing cells after 12 months. Pouch mucosal height and cell densities of ghrelin-, histamine-, serotonin-, and somatostatin-producing cells remained unaffected by RYGB in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS
RYGB selectively increased the density of incretin-producing cell populations in the jejunum. This may provide anatomic explanation for the observed increased plasma levels of incretins.
Collapse