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Ra H, Jung Y, Lee SH, Park SW, Chhablani J, Baek J. Quantification of Choroidal Vascular Hyperpermeability on Ultra-Widefield Indocyanine Green Angiography in Macular Neovascularization. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:754. [PMID: 38611667 PMCID: PMC11011650 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
To obtain a quantitative parameter for the measurement of choroidal vascular hyperpermeability (CVH) on ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography (UWICGA) using an objective analysis method in macular choroidal neovascularization (CNV). A total of 113 UWICGA images from 113 subjects were obtained, including with 25 neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), 37 with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) (19 with thin-choroid and 18 with thick-choroid), 33 with pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV), and 18 age-matched controls. CVH was quantified on a gray image by the subtraction of 2 synchronized UWICGA images of early and late phases. The measured CVH parameter was compared with human graders and among CNV subtypes and correlated with choroidal vascular density (CVD) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT). The mean CVH values were 28.58 ± 4.97, 33.36 ± 8.40, 33.61 ± 11.50, 42.19 ± 13.25, and 43.59 ± 7.86 in controls and patients with nAMD, thin-choroid PCV, thick-choroid PCV, and PNV, respectively (p < 0.001). CVH was higher in thick-choroid PCV and PNV compared to the other groups (all p ≤ 0.006). The measured CVH value positively correlated with those reported by human graders (p < 0.001), CVD, and SFCT (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). CVH can be measured objectively using quantitative UWICGA analysis. The CVH parameter differs among macular CNV subtypes and correlates with CVD and SFCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14647, Republic of Korea; (H.R.); (S.H.L.); (S.-w.P.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
| | - Younhea Jung
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yeoui-do St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14647, Republic of Korea; (H.R.); (S.H.L.); (S.-w.P.)
| | - Seo-woo Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14647, Republic of Korea; (H.R.); (S.H.L.); (S.-w.P.)
| | - Jay Chhablani
- Medical Retina and Vitreoretinal Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburg, PA 15261, USA;
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14647, Republic of Korea; (H.R.); (S.H.L.); (S.-w.P.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
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Lee PK, Ra H, Baek J. Automated segmentation of ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography of diabetic retinopathy using deep learning. Br J Ophthalmol 2023; 107:1859-1863. [PMID: 36241374 DOI: 10.1136/bjo-2022-321063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Retinal capillary non-perfusion (NP) and neovascularisation (NV) are two of the most important angiographic changes in diabetic retinopathy (DR). This study investigated the feasibility of using deep learning (DL) models to automatically segment NP and NV on ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA) images from patients with DR. METHODS Retrospective cross-sectional chart review study. In total, 951 UWFA images were collected from patients with severe non-proliferative DR (NPDR) or proliferative DR (PDR). Each image was segmented and labelled for NP, NV, disc, background and outside areas. Using the labelled images, DL models were trained and validated (80%) using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for automated segmentation and tested (20%) on test sets. Accuracy of each model and each label were assessed. RESULTS The best accuracy from CNN models for each label was 0.8208, 0.8338, 0.9801, 0.9253 and 0.9766 for NP, NV, disc, background and outside areas, respectively. The best Intersection over Union for each label was 0.6806, 0.5675, 0.7107, 0.8551 and 0.924 and mean mean boundary F1 score (BF score) was 0.6702, 0.8742, 0.9092, 0.8103 and 0.9006, respectively. CONCLUSIONS DL models can detect NV and NP as well as disc and outer margins on UWFA with good performance. This automated segmentation of important UWFA features will aid physicians in DR clinics and in overcoming grader subjectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil-Kyu Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim IK, Shin JE, Kim MJ, Ra H, Baek J. Quantitative analysis of choroidal morphology in preeclampsia during pregnancy according to retinal change. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13171. [PMID: 37580383 PMCID: PMC10425443 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40144-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We sought to investigate changes in choroidal hemodynamics in preeclampsia according to presence of retinal change by quantitatively assessing choroidal vessels using optical coherence tomography (OCT). This retrospective study included 106 eyes (of 53 patients) with preeclampsia, including 70 eyes without retinal change in patients with preeclampsia (Group A), 22 eyes with retinal change in patients with preeclampsia (Group B), and 14 eyes of normal pregnant women (controls). Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was measured on OCT B-scan images, and choroidal vessel densities (CVDs) were calculated using binarized OCT B-scan and en face images. Their values were then correlated with clinical parameters associated with preeclampsia. SFCT was greater in Group B compared to Group A or controls (354.32 ± 65.13 vs. 288 ± 55.68 or 277.21 ± 50.08, both P < 0.001). CVD on B-scan images was greater in Group B compared to Group A or controls (76.4 ± 4.9 vs. 73.7 ± 5.3 or 71.5 ± 5.1; both P ≤ 0.046). CVD on en face images was also greater in Group B compared to Group A or controls (64.7 ± 0.8 vs. 63.6 ± 1.5 or 63.3 ± 1.3; both P ≤ 0.001). SFCT and CVD positively correlated with each other (P ≤ 0.009) and were greater in patients with blurred vision and vaginal bleeding (P ≤ 0.020 for blurred vision and P ≤ 0.024 for vaginal bleeding). SFCT and CVDs were higher in preeclampsia patients with retinal change compared to those without retinal change or controls. Both SFCT and CVD showed association with blurred vision and vaginal bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Kee Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, #327 Sosa-Ro, Wonmi-Gu, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-Do, 14647, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Eun Shin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, #327 Sosa-Ro, Wonmi-Gu, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-Do, 14647, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, #327 Sosa-Ro, Wonmi-Gu, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-Do, 14647, Republic of Korea.
- College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Lee PK, Ra H, Han SY, Baek J. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF CHOROIDAL MORPHOLOGY USING MULTIMODAL IMAGING IN ACUTE AND PERSISTENT CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY. Retina 2023; 43:832-840. [PMID: 36727765 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000003715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze quantitative differences in choroidal morphology between acute and persistent central serous chorioretinopathy using multimodal images. METHODS Ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography (UWICGA) and optical coherence tomography images of 72 eyes of 72 patients with acute (32 eyes) and persistent (40 eyes) central serous chorioretinopathy were collected. Choroidal thickness, area, vessel density, symmetry, and intervortex anastomosis were assessed. RESULTS The choroidal area on optical coherence tomography B-scan images was smaller and the choroidal vessel density on UWICGA images was lower in the persistent group ( P < 0.001 and P = 0.028, respectively). Choroidal vessel density on UWICGA showed positive correlation with that of vortex ampullae (all P ≤ 0.046). The constitution of the intervortex anastomosis and dominant vessels in the macular area showed differences between the groups ( P = 0.014 and P = 0.010, respectively), with greater inferonasal vessel participation in the anastomosis and combined superotemporal and inferotemporal vessels as dominant vessels in the persistent groups. CONCLUSION Acute and persistent central serous chorioretinopathy differed in subfoveal choroidal area, choroidal vessel density, and intervortex anastomosis constitution on UWICGA images. Choroidal vessel density on UWICGA images correlated with that of vortex ampullae. These findings enhance our understanding of the pathophysiology of central serous chorioretinopathy subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil-Kyu Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Su Yeon Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; and
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Han SY, Lee SH, Lee PK, Ra H, Baek J. Choroidal Morphology on Ultra-Widefield Indocyanine Green Angiography and Response to Aflibercept in Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16010073. [PMID: 36678570 PMCID: PMC9866431 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study assessed the relationship between the choroidal morphology and short-term response to aflibercept treatment in pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV). Methods: This was a retrospective case-control study. Ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography (UWICGA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of 90 PNV eyes of 90 patients treated with aflibercept were enrolled. Responsiveness to aflibercept was defined as a complete resolution of sub- or intra-retinal fluid after three loading doses (50 dry and 40 non-dry eyes). Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was measured on OCT images, and choroidal vessel density (CVD), CVD asymmetry, intervortex anastomosis, and choroidal vascular hyperpermeability (CVH) were assessed on UWICGA images. Results: CVD on UWICGA differed between groups in terms of the total area (0.323 ± 0.034 in dry vs. 0.286 ± 0.038 in non-dry, p < 0.001) and area of each quadrant (superotemporal: 0.317 ± 0.040 vs. 0.283 ± 0.040, superonasal: 0.334 ± 0.040 vs. 0.293 ± 0.045, inferonasal: 0.306 ± 0.051 vs. 0.278 ± 0.052, inferotemporal: 0.334 ± 0.047 vs. 0.290 ± 0.046; all p ≤ 0.010). The CVH grade differed between groups (mean 1.480 ± 0.735 vs. 1.875 ± 0.822, p = 0.013). ST and IT intervortex anastomoses were common in the dry group, while SN, ST, and IT were most common in the non-dry group (p = 0.001). Conclusions: A poor short-term response to aflibercept treatment in PNV eyes was associated with a lower Haller vessel density, higher CVH grade, and intervortex anastomosis involving more quadrants on UWICGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yeon Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14647, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14647, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Phil-kyu Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14647, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14647, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14647, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-340-2125; Fax: +82-32-340-2255
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Suh H, Lee A, Ra H, Lee JH, Baek J. Quantitative analysis of ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography in uveitis associated with sarcoidosis. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11218. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Lee K, Ra H, Lee JH, Baek J, Lee WK. Classification of Pachychoroid on Optical Coherence Tomographic En Face Images Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2021; 10:28. [PMID: 34185057 PMCID: PMC8255502 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.10.7.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To study the efficacy of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) to differentiate pachychoroid from nonpachychoroid on en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) images at the large choroidal vessel. Methods En face OCT images were collected from eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, and central serous chorioretinopathy. All images were prelabeled pachychoroid or nonpachychoroid based on quantitative and qualitative criteria for choroidal morphology on multimodal imaging by two retina specialists. In total, 1188 nonpachychoroid and 884 pachychoroid images were used for training (80%) and validation (20%). Accuracy for identification of pachychoroid by DCNN models was analyzed. Trained models were tested on a test set containing 79 nonpachychoroid and 93 pachychoroid images. Results The accuracy on the validation set was 94.1%, 93.2%, 94.7%, and 94.4% in DenseNet, GoogLeNet, ResNet50, and Inception-v3, respectively. On a test set, each model demonstrated accuracy of 80.2%, 83.1%, 89.5%, and 90.1% and an F1 score of 0.782, 0.824, 0.904, and 0.901, respectively. Conclusions DCNN models could classify pachychoroid and nonpachychoroid with good performance on OCT en face images. Automated classification of pachychoroid will be useful for tailored treatment of individual patients with exudative maculopathy. Translational Relevance En face OCT images can be used by DCNN for classification of pachychoroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kook Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hyuk Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Ki Lee
- Nune Eye Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kwak JH, Baek J, Ra H. Multimodal Imaging of Annular Choroidal Detachment in a Patient with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2021; 29:911-914. [PMID: 31951785 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2019.1704023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To report a rare case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) patient with bilateral annular choroidal detachment and describe ultra-widefield angiographic findings.Method: Case report.Results: A 61-year-old male was diagnosed as VKH based on ocular signs and neurologic findings. Annular choroidal detachment anterior to the equator was noted in both eyes. Ultra-wide field (UWF) fluorescein angiography revealed multiple leakages at posterior pole and disc with dye pooling at the margin of choroidal detachment. Late-phase UWF indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) revealed hyperpermeability with dilated veins and many vortex ampullae obscured by detached choroid. Choroidal detachment and other manifestations improved after a high-dose systemic steroid treatment. UWF ICGA after the treatment revealed decreased choroidal vessel caliber with visible vortex ampullae.Conclusion: Vortex obstruction and choroidal vein dilatation were observed in a VKH patient with choroidal detachment, which might be related to its pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyuck Kwak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
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Lee J, Hong SW, Ra H, Kim EC, Kang NY, Baek J. Clinical Factors Affecting Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness and Choroidal Vascularity Index after Phacoemulsification for Cataracts. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2021. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2021.62.5.621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Min JW, Kim HD, Park SY, Lee JH, Park JH, Lee A, Ra H, Baek J. Relationship Between Retinal Capillary Nonperfusion Area and Renal Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 61:14. [PMID: 33315053 PMCID: PMC7735947 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.14.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We sought to assess the relationship between retinal nonperfusion area (NPA) on ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA) and renal function in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and nephropathy. Methods UWFA was performed in 248 eyes (124 patients) with DR, comprising 94 eyes from patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) caused by diabetes and 154 eyes without CKD (non-CKD). Serum creatinine level (Cr), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urine albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), and urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR) were collected. On UWFA, retinal NPA was measured in an automated manner. The correlation between NPA and renal function was analyzed. Results The mean NPA value of the total eye was 33.11 ± 45.77-disc diameter (DA) in non-CKD and 100.57 ± 69.52 in CKD (P < 0.001). NPA of posterior pole was 1.21 ± 3.28 DA in non-CKD and 7.99 ± 6.75 in CKD group (P < 0.001). The NPA values of both the total eye and posterior pole were significantly correlated with Cr (r = 0.585 and 0.483), eGFR (r = −0.572 and −0.524), UACR (r = 0.541 and 0.482), and UPCR (r = 0.509 and 0.529, respectively) (all P ≤ 0.001). Linear modeling encompassing all clinical factors and relative clinical factors suggested eGFR as the most important predictor for NPAs of the total eye and posterior pole. Conclusions Larger retinal NPA on UWFA is associated with worse renal function in DM patients. Renal function can be used to predict retinal NPA in type 2 DM patients with nephropathy and DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Min
- Department of Nephrology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - Hyung Duk Kim
- Department of Nephrology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - Sang Yoon Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Hyuk Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - Anna Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
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Kang NY, Ra H, Lee K, Lee JH, Lee WK, Baek J. Classification of pachychoroid on optical coherence tomography using deep learning. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 259:1803-1809. [PMID: 33616757 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-021-05104-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pachychoroid is characterized by dilated Haller vessels and choriocapillaris attenuation that are seen on optical coherence tomography (OCT) B-scans. This study investigated the feasibility of using deep learning (DL) models to classify pachychoroid and non-pachychoroid eyes from OCT B-scan images. METHODS In total, 1898 OCT B-scan images were collected from eyes with macular diseases. Images were labeled as pachychoroid or non-pachychoroid based on strict quantitative and qualitative criteria for multimodal imaging analysis by two retina specialists. DL models were trained (80%) and validated (20%) using pretrained convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Model performance was assessed using an independent test set of 50 non-pachychoroid and 50 pachychoroid images. RESULTS The final accuracy of AlexNet and VGG-16 was 57.52% for both models. ResNet50, Inception-v3, Inception-ResNet-v2, and Xception showed a final accuracy of 96.31%, 95.25%, 93.40%, and 92.61%, respectively, for the validation set. These models demonstrated accuracy on an independent test set of 78.00%, 86.00%, 90.00%, and 92.00%, and an F1 score of 0.718, 0.841, 0.894, and 0.920, respectively. CONCLUSION DL models classified pachychoroid and non-pachychoroid images with good performance. Accurate classification can be achieved using CNN models with deep rather than shallow neural networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Yeo Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kook Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hyuk Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Ki Lee
- Retina Division, Nune Eye Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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Lee JH, Lee JY, Ra H, Kang NY, Baek J. Choroidal changes in eyes treated with high-dose systemic corticosteroids for optic neuritis. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:1430-1435. [PMID: 32953583 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.09.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To analyze the effect of systemic high-dose corticosteroid on the choroid in patients with unilateral optic neuritis. METHODS A retrospective comparative cohort study. Seventy-six eyes of 38 patients with unilateral optic neuritis that received systemic high-dose corticosteroid treatment were enrolled. Choroidal thickness (CT) and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) were measured in both affected and the fellow eyes at baseline, 1wk, 1 and 3mo. Changes in CT and CVI were analyzed in both eyes and compared between eyes. RESULTS The mean CT and CVI were 349 µm and 0.70 in the affected eyes and 340 µm and 0.69 in the fellow eyes at baseline (P=0.503 and 0.440, respectively). Decrement of CT and CVI at month 3 were significant in affected eyes (P=0.017 and P<0.001). Decreased CVI began 2wk after treatment whereas CT decreased from 1mo. The CVI also decreased significantly in fellow eyes at 3mo compared to the baseline (P=0.001). CONCLUSION A significant decrement in CT and CVI can appear after 3mo in optic neuritis patients treated with high-dose systemic corticosteroid treatment. The decrease in CVI appeared earlier than the decrease in CT, suggesting choroidal vasoconstriction caused by systemic steroid as a possible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hyuk Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do 14647, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yeoeuido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do 14647, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Yeo Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do 14647, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do 14647, Republic of Korea
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Ra H, Hwang HS, Kim HS, Kim MS, Kim EC. Toric intraocular lens implantation in cataract patients with corneal opacity. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:98. [PMID: 32169054 PMCID: PMC7068861 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01352-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the effect of toric intraocular lens implantation in cataract patient with corneal opacity and high astigmatism. Methods Thirty-one eyes of 31 patients who underwent cataract surgery with toric intraocular lens implantation were included. All patients had corneal opacity with astigmatism. Preoperative total corneal astigmatism was determined considering posterior astigmatism using a rotating Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam®: Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany). At 2 months after toric intraocular lens implantation, we evaluated residual astigmatism, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Results Postoperative UCVA and BCVA (0.30 ± 0.17, 0.22 ± 0.16LogMAR) were statistically improved compared to preoperative UCVA and BCVA (1.2 ± 0.34, 1.1 ± 0.30LogMAR, respectively) (P < 0.01). Postoperative residual refractive astigmatism (1.2 ± 0.35D) was statistically reduced compared to preoperative refractive astigmatism (2.4 ± 0.65D) (P < 0.05). Preoperative and postoperative total corneal astigmatism values were not statistically different. All eyes achieved postoperative visual acuity as good as or better than preoperative one. The size of corneal opacity covering pupil had significant negative correlation with postoperative UCVA and BCVA (logMAR) (R = 0.91 P < 0.05 and R = 0.92 P < 0.05, respectively). Conclusion Toric intraocular lens implantation can improve UCVA, BCVA, and refractive astigmatism in cataract patient with corneal opacity. The size of corneal opacity covering pupil is the major prognostic factor for postoperative visual improvement. Therefore, toric intraocular lens implantation should be considered for cataract patients who have corneal opacity with high astigmatism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, 327 Sosa-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14647, South Korea
| | - Ho Sik Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Seung Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Man Soo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Chul Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, 327 Sosa-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14647, South Korea.
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Lee A, Hong SW, Ra H, Kim EC, Kang NY, Baek J. Serial Follow-up of Commotio Retinae Using Ultra-wide Field Imaging. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2020. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2020.61.3.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Seung Woo Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Eun Chul Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Nam Yeo Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
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Kwak JH, Hong SW, Ra H, Kim EC, Kang NY, Baek J. Effect of Acetazolamide on Choroidal Morphology in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy. Korean J Ophthalmol 2019; 33:493-499. [PMID: 31833245 PMCID: PMC6911784 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2019.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to elucidate the influence of acetazolamide on choroidal structure changes during the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). METHODS This was a retrospective study of 45 eyes from 45 patients with acute CSC who were divided into an acetazolamide group (group 1, n = 20) and an observation group (group 2, n = 25). The main outcome measures were the changes in best-corrected visual acuity, subretinal fluid (SRF) height, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) at one week, one month, two months, and three months, respectively. RESULTS Although statistical significance was not reached, best-corrected visual acuity improved in both groups at month 3 (from 0.06 ± 0.07 to 0.01 ± 0.03 in group 1 and 0.17 ± 0.24 to 0.09 ± 0.18 in group 2; p = 0.083 and 0.183, respectively). Separately, SRF height and CVI showed a significant decrease at three months in both groups (all p < 0.05), while a significant SRF height decrease was also noted in group 1 at one month (p = 0.038). In group 1, a significant decrease in the SFCT and CVI started at one week and one month (p = 0.021 and 0.008), respectively. However, in group 2, a significant decrease in the SFCT and CVI started at one month and two months (p = 0.005 and 0.015), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Acetazolamide has no effect on final functional or anatomical status at three months in eyes with CSC but does shorten the time for SRF absorption and accompanying choroidal structural changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyuck Kwak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Seung Woo Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Eun Chul Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Nam Yeo Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhyuck Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim RY, Kwon S, Ra H. Gravity influences bevacizumab distribution in an undisturbed balanced salt solution in vitro. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223418. [PMID: 31584989 PMCID: PMC6777774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The effects of gravity on bevacizumab or the recommended head position after intraocular bevacizumab injection have not been reported. To evaluate the effect of gravity on bevacizumab in vitro, we added bevacizumab to the upper part of a test tube filled with balanced salt solution (BSS) and examined its distribution over time. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-four test tubes were divided equally into two groups; group 1 (32, collected from upper part of the tube) and group 2 (32, collected from lower part of the tube). Each test tube was filled with 5 mL BSS before bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 mL) was added, and then stored at 36°C. Bevacizumab concentration in 8 test tubes from each group was measured at 12, 24, 48, and 168 h using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent analysis (ELISA) kit. Mann-Whitney and Jonckheere-Terpstra tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Bevacizumab concentration was significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 1 at 12, 24, 48, and 168 h (12, 24, 48, and 168 h; P < 0.01 each; Mann-Whitney test). The mean change in bevacizumab concentration over time tended to increase in Group 1 (P < 0.01; Jonckheere-Terpstra test), but tended to decrease in Group 2 (P < 0.01; Jonckheere-Terpstra test). CONCLUSIONS The significant differences in concentration between the upper and lower parts even after a considerable amount of storage time showed that bevacizumab did not dissolve immediately and diffused evenly throughout the solution. It appeared that more bevacizumab settled in the lower part of the tube than in the upper part because of gravitational force. However, the concentration difference between the upper and lower parts decreased as bevacizumab gradually diffused over time, indicating that the difference in concentration due to gravity was more significant at the beginning of bevacizumab injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rae Young Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonil Kwon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (HR); (SK)
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (HR); (SK)
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Abstract
RATIONALE Increases in cosmetic laser use have led to recent reports of accidental retinal injuries, most of which are limited to the posterior pole. We report a case of peripheral retinal injury caused by a 1064-nm Nd:YAG: neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet. PATIENT CONCERNS A 27-year-old Asian woman was admitted with scotoma symptoms in her right eye. The patient was a skin care technician. Three days before admission, a laser beam had struck her eye while she was preparing for a laser procedure. DIAGNOSIS During fundus examination, a subretinal hemorrhage with disc diameter (DD) of 4.0 and a preretinal hemorrhage of 2.5 DD in its center were found in the 2 o'clock position of the peripheral retina in the right eye. INTERVENTIONS We monitored the injury for > 6 months, first using fluorescein angiography, then wide-field scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and optical coherence tomography. Oral steroids and vitamins were administered. OUTCOMES During the 6-month follow-up period, blood from the initial sub- and preretinal hemorrhage, as well as vitreous hemorrhage, were all absorbed. Retinal detachment was not observed as scar formation and adhesions had occurred. No interventions were considered necessary. LESSONS When treating a patient who has experienced laser eye injury, the possibility of peripheral retinal injury should be considered. Peripheral retinal injury caused by 1064-nm Nd:YAG: neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet has a relatively good prognosis, suggesting that it will not progress to retinal detachment.
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Abstract
RATIONALE To report a case of herpes simplex virus (HSV) linear endotheliitis in a 57-year-old male who had underwent keratoplasty 10 years ago. The characteristic linear keratic precipitates (KPs) resembled the Khodadoust line in graft rejection. The differential diagnosis is essential, because the treatment regimen is different between HSV linear endotheliitis and graft rejection. PATIENT CONCERNS The patient developed a sudden onset of ocular pain and a decrease in visual acuity in his right eye. The patient had received penetrating keratoplasty in the eye 10 years ago. DIAGNOSES The ocular disease was evaluated using several ocular examinations, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure, slit lamp examination, fundus examination, and aqueous humor tap. Characteristic linear endothelial KPs were found both in the host cornea and graft cornea. Stromal edema was evident in both the donor and recipient corneas. The aqueous humor was sampled for viral polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. The sample was investigated for the possible presence of HSV I, HSV II, cytomegalovirus, and varicella zoster virus. The PCR was positive for HSV I and negative for HSV II, cytomegalovirus, and varicella zoster virus. INTERVENTIONS The patient was treated with both antiviral and steroid treatments for 1 month. Thereafter, prophylactic antiviral treatment was continued. OUTCOMES The subjective symptoms had improved and the cornea edema and the linear endothelial KPs had disappeared. The BCVA improved from 20/200 to 20/80. LESSONS HSV linear endotheliitis is the most severe form of HSV endotheliitis. This case showed characteristic endothelial KPs, which were different from the Khodadoust line of graft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongah Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Rae Rho
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital
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Lee JY, Ra H, Kim EC, Kang NY, Baek JW. Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implantation in a Behcet's Disease Patient with Macular Edema, Vasculitis after Cataract Surgery. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2019. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2019.60.2.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Eun Chul Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Nam Yeo Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Ji Won Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
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Ra H, Song LD, Choi JA, Jee D. Correction: The cost-effectiveness of systematic screening for age-related macular degeneration in South Korea. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209521. [PMID: 30550581 PMCID: PMC6294353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Abstract
RATIONALE For the treatment of primary canaliculitis, 1,2,3-snip punctoplasty and canalicular curettage are commonly used; however, a recurrence rate of 6.6% to 22% has been reported. Herein, we describe a case of recurrent primary canaliculitis that was completely cured by 4-snip punctoplasty and canalicular curettage. PATIENT CONCERNS A 53-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with chief complaints of epiphora, discharge, eyelid flare up, and swelling near the inferior lacrimal punctum in the left eye, which initially presented 6 months earlier. DIAGNOSIS Based on the aforementioned symptoms, the patient was initially diagnosed with bacterial conjunctivitis at a local ophthalmologic clinic and used antibiotic eye drops for 6 months. However, her symptoms did not improve and they worsened at 2 weeks prior to admission. She was subsequently diagnosed with chronic dacryocystitis and referred to our hospital for surgical treatment. Slit lamp examination results showed conjunctival congestion in the inner corner of the left eye, along with eyelid flare up, swelling near the inferior lacrimal punctum, and yellowish discharge and concretion from the lacrimal punctal orifice. Furthermore, punctal regurgitation was not observed in the lacrimal sac compression test. Thus, the patient was diagnosed with primary canaliculitis on the basis of her clinical symptoms and laboratory findings. INTERVENTIONS Based on the diagnosis of primary canaliculitis, 1-snip punctoplasty and canalicular curettage were performed, and the patient was prescribed oral antibiotics for 2 weeks together with topical antibiotics for 4 weeks. Overall, the patient's symptoms improved after surgery, but epiphora and yellowish discharge from the lacrimal punctal orifice developed again 2 months after surgery during outpatient follow-up. Based on the diagnosis of recurrent primary canaliculitis, 4-snip punctoplasty and canalicular curettage were performed, and the patient was prescribed oral antibiotics for 2 weeks together with topical antibiotics for 4 weeks. OUTCOMES Over a 6-month follow-up period, the symptoms disappeared completely and no other findings were observed. LESSONS Four-snip punctoplasty and canalicular curettage are simple clinical procedures that can minimize the recurrence rate of primary canaliculitis. Hence, 4-snip punctoplasty and canalicular curettage should be considered as the 1st-line treatment for primary canaliculitis and recurrent cases.
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Abstract
This study was aimed to evaluate refractive and visual outcomes after micro-monovision small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in patients with presbyopia and myopia. In total, 72 patients (144 eyes) with a mean age of 46.0 ± 4.9 years were included in this study. The dominant eye was treated for distance vision and the nondominant eye for near vision by targeting between -0.50 and -1.75 diopters (D). Treatment efficacy, safety, and refractive stability were calculated from postoperative data including refraction, binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), binocular uncorrected near visual acuity, monocular uncorrected distance visual acuity, and monocular corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA). Six months post-surgery, binocular UDVA was better than or equal to 20/20 in 88% of patients. No loss in 2 or more lines was observed in the Snellen lines of corrected distance visual acuity. Mean spherical equivalent (SE) for the distance eye was -0.18 ± 0.37 D, whereas the attempted and achieved SE in the near eye were -0.90 ± 0.44 and -0.99 ± 0.54 D, respectively. In total, 79% of eyes were within ±0.50 D, and 98% within ±1.00 D, of the intended refraction. A UDVA of 0.0 logMAR (20/20) or better, and an uncorrected near visual acuity of Jaeger (J) of 3 (20/32) or better, were observed in 83% of patients. Micromonovision refractive surgery using SMILE enhanced functional near vision in presbyopic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul
| | - Chang Rae Rho
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee JP, Kim J, Park I, Ra H, Kwon S. Preventing condensation of objective lens in noncontact wide-angle viewing systems during vitrectomy. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:1809-1813. [PMID: 30450312 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.11.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the optimal conditions for preventing condensation of objective lens during vitrectomy with noncontact wide-angle viewing systems (WAVSs). METHODS We explored the effectiveness of the coating with ophthalmic viscoelastic device (OVDs) on the corneal surface and the soaking the objective lens in warm-saline for preventing condensation of objective lens. First, to find the optimal soaking time to keep the objective lens warm, we measured the temperature of objective lens every minute after soaking in warm saline. Second, to find optimal distance between cornea and objective lens, which provide as wide a view as possible and less condensation at the same time, we measured the condensation time with different distances. With the obtained optimal soaking time and distance, we explored the effect of coating cornea with OVDs and soaking objective lens in warm saline on condensation time. RESULTS One and 5min of soaking in warm saline was most effective for keeping the lens warm enough (45.1°C±2.1°C for 1min and 46.4°C ±1.0°C for 5min, P=0.109). The mean condensation times for the control group at 1, 3, and 5 mm from corneal surface to objective lens were 1±0.4, 4±1.4, 190±26.1s, respectively, thus 5 mm was most optimal distance for vitrectomy with WAVSs. For the OVD coating group, the mean condensation times were 1.5±0.3, 13±1.4, and 200±23.9s at 1, 3, and 5 mm distance and borderline significant compared with control group (P=0.068, 0.051, and 0.063, respectively). With the 1-minute warm saline soaking group, the mean condensation time were extended to 188±34.4, 416±65.7, and 600±121.3s at 1, 3, and 5 mm distance and statistically significant compared with control (P=0.043, 0.041 and 0.043, respectively). CONCLUSION OVD coating on corneal surface shows no difference on condensation time with control group. However, soaking the objective lens in warm saline revealed statistically significant extension of condensation time compared to control group. Therefore, keeping the objective lens warm with soaking in warm saline is a simple but effective to prevent condensation of objective lens during vitrectomy. The thermodynamics between objective lens and cornea during vitrectomy warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Pil Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Incheon Medical Center, Incheon 22532, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsoo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea
| | - Inwon Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St.Mary's Hospital, Bucheon, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 14647, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonil Kwon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
PURPOSE Glaucoma affects millions of people globally, and socioeconomic status is known to be associated with glaucoma. This study expands the understanding of the relationship between socioeconomic factors and glaucoma. METHODS This study used Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2008 to 2012, with 24,664 persons who did not have missing records on the key variables. The combined relationship between levels of income and education and the prevalence of glaucoma was examined, as well as the occupational difference in the prevalence of glaucoma. Logistic regression models were constructed to generate odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for predictors of glaucoma. All analyses were adjusted for strata, cluster, and weight. RESULTS The prevalence of glaucoma generally decreased with increasing levels of education and income, but this trend did not hold at the top two levels of education and income, wherein the prevalence was either the same or somewhat higher. Occupation types were shown to be significantly associated with glaucoma (p < 0.0001), and among all the occupations in the survey, farming/forestry/fishing showed the highest percentage of those with glaucoma (4.9%), and service/retail showed the lowest percentage (1.3%). In the multivariable adjusted model, the odds of glaucoma decreased with increasing income level, and increased at the highest income quartile, though the odds were significant only for the top two quartiles. The odds of glaucoma showed neither a nonlinear relationship nor statistical significance with education level when adjusted for other factors. In contrast, age and gender remained significant even after adjusting for other factors. CONCLUSIONS There exists a nonlinear relationship between key socioeconomic factors and the prevalence of glaucoma, though the exact nature of the relationship requires further investigation. These findings merit attention in studies that relate disease prevalence to education and income.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ah Oh
- a Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Suwon, St. Vincent's Hospital , College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Kyunggi-do , South Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- b Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine , Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Donghyun Jee
- a Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Suwon, St. Vincent's Hospital , College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Kyunggi-do , South Korea
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Ra H, Song LD, Choi JA, Jee D. Correction: The cost-effectiveness of systematic screening for age-related macular degeneration in South Korea. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207736. [PMID: 30440035 PMCID: PMC6237420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206690.].
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Abstract
A 30-year-old female presented with macular edema and discoid exudation at the posterior pole. Diffuse vascular sheathing was observed at the peripheral retina. Fluorescein angiography revealed multiple microaneurysms at the posterior pole and leakage from the peripheral vessels. Two monthly intravitreal bevacizumab led to minimal improvement, and resolution of macular edema was achieved by an additional intravitreal triamcinolone. The findings at the posterior pole resembled those of Leber's miliary aneurysm. However, this case also demonstrated a peculiar vascular sheathing at the periphery and showed response to triamcinolone, which are evidences for an inflammatory condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
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Ra H, Lee WK. Contralateral Autologous Internal Limiting Membrane Transplantation for Closure of a Refractory Macular Hole: Surgical Technique. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2018; 49:e75-e77. [PMID: 30222822 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20180907-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of a new surgical technique involving use of a contralateral autologous internal limiting membrane (ILM) free flap for closure of a refractory macular hole (MH). PATIENTS AND METHODS Closure could not be achieved after several MH surgeries in a 72-year-old woman with an epiretinal membrane (ERM) in the right eye and a chronic MH in the left eye. Therefore, the authors performed surgery on the left eye using a contralateral autologous ILM free flap obtained during ERM surgery performed on the right eye. RESULTS The refractory MH had disappeared, and the patient's corrected visual acuity was improved in both eyes by 4 months after surgery. CONCLUSION When a suitable free flap cannot be obtained from the operated eye, contralateral autologous ILM transplantation has the potential to improve functional and anatomical outcomes in an eye with a refractory MH. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2018;49:e75-e77.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Kyung Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Ji Won Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
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Choi SI, Kim JR, Ra H. Necrotizing herpetic retinopathy in an immune-compromised pediatric patient with minimal signs of inflammation: case report. BMC Ophthalmol 2016; 16:85. [PMID: 27277425 PMCID: PMC4898446 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-016-0253-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To report a case of necrotizing herpetic retinopathy(NHR) in an immuno-compromised pediatric patient. Case presentation An 11-year-old boy presented with a minimal ocular foreign-body sensation and peripheral visual-field defect, as well as mild upper respiratory symptoms. He had undergone the Fontan operation for a ventricular septal defect and single ventricle during infancy, and had been taking oral steroids for 1 year immediately prior to his presentation to treat protein-losing enteropathy. Initially, a case of either cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis or acute retinal necrosis (ARN) was suspected, and an intravenous course of ganciclovir and acyclovir was therefore initiated. During treatment, varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was detected in the anterior chamber, and ARN was confirmed when both serum and aqueous humor were found by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to be positive for VZV DNA. A peripheral retinal break and detachment developed after medical treatment, and a vitrectomy was performed. Conclusions Typically, ARN is found in both healthy individuals and subclinically immuno-compromised patients of any age. CMV retinitis is somewhat more typical for immuno-compromised patients. Herein, we report a case of NHR in a pediatric patient with poor general condition and showing minimal signs of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Il Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, #327 Sosa-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 420-717, Korea
| | - Jae Ryun Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, #327 Sosa-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 420-717, Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, #327 Sosa-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 420-717, Korea.
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Park H, Lee JH, Ra H. Intraocular Foreign Body in the Posterior Chamber. J Med Cases 2014. [DOI: 10.14740/jmc1855w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Ra H, Yoo JH, Ban WH, Song HC, Lee SS, Kim SR, Yoo SJ, Kim YS, Choi EJ, Kim YK. Predictors for diabetic retinopathy in normoalbuminuric people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2012; 4:29. [PMID: 22747972 PMCID: PMC3407766 DOI: 10.1186/1758-5996-4-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported that microalbuminuria is an independent risk factor for the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). For this reason, the clinical significance of DR in normoalbuminuric type 2 DM patients may be overlooked. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of DR and predictors for DR in normoalbuminuric patients with type 2 DM. METHODS A total 310 patients with type 2 DM and normoalbuminuria, who were referred to the Department of Ophthalmology for screening of DR were included in this study. DR was clinically graded according to the International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy guidelines. The urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) was assessed via 24-hour urine collection and measured by immunoturbidimetric assay. Normoalbuminuria was defined as a UAER < 20 μg/min in 2 out of 3 consecutive tests taken within 2-3 months. RESULTS DR of any grade was present in 64/310 (20.7 %) patients. Mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) was most prevalent in patients with DR of any grade (36/64, 56 %). The duration of diabetes (OR 1.01, 95 % CI, 1.01 - 1.02, p < 0.001), hemoglobin levels (OR 0.73, 95 % CI, 0.59 - 0.91, p = 0.004) and a higher tertile of UAER (OR 4.04, 95 % CI, 1.71 - 9.57, p = 0.001) had independently significant association with DR. NPDR as well as PDR was more prevalent in patients with higher tertile of UAER compared with those with lower tertile of UAER (NPDR, p = 0.002 and PDR, p = 0.027, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that patients with normoalbuminuric type 2 DM also require close monitoring for the early detection of DR, especially if they have a higher UAER, longer duration of diabetes, or lower hemoglobin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Han Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo Ho Ban
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho Cheol Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong Su Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Rae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soon Jib Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Euy Jin Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Kyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon Saint Mary’s Hospital, Sosa-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Geoynggi-do, 420-717, South Korea
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González-González E, Ra H, Spitler R, Hickerson RP, Contag CH, Kaspar RL. Increased interstitial pressure improves nucleic acid delivery to skin enabling a comparative analysis of constitutive promoters. Gene Ther 2010; 17:1270-8. [PMID: 20463756 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2010.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapies hold great promise for treatment of skin disorders if delivery challenges can be overcome. To investigate one mechanism of nucleic acid delivery to keratinocytes, a fixed mass of expression plasmid was intradermally injected into mouse footpads in different volumes, and reporter expression was monitored by intravital imaging or skin sectioning. Reporter gene expression increased with higher delivery volumes, suggesting that pressure drives nucleic acid uptake into cells after intradermal injections similar to previously published studies for muscle and liver. For spatiotemporal analysis of reporter gene expression, a dual-axis confocal (DAC) fluorescence microscope was used for intravital imaging following intradermal injections. Individual keratinocytes expressing hMGFP were readily visualized in vivo and initially appeared to preferentially express in the stratum granulosum and subsequently migrate to the stratum corneum over time. Fluorescence microscopy of frozen skin sections confirmed the patterns observed by intravital imaging. Intravital imaging with the DAC microscope is a noninvasive method for probing spatiotemporal control of gene expression and should facilitate development and testing of new nucleic acid delivery technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E González-González
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Wan Ryu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Ki Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Gonzalez-Gonzalez E, Ra H, Hickerson RP, Wang Q, Piyawattanametha W, Mandella MJ, Kino GS, Leake D, Avilion AA, Solgaard O, Doyle TC, Contag CH, Kaspar RL. siRNA silencing of keratinocyte-specific GFP expression in a transgenic mouse skin model. Gene Ther 2009; 16:963-72. [PMID: 19474811 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2009.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) can be designed to specifically and potently target and silence a mutant allele, with little or no effect on the corresponding wild-type allele expression, presenting an opportunity for therapeutic intervention. Although several siRNAs have entered clinical trials, the development of siRNA therapeutics as a new drug class will require the development of improved delivery technologies. In this study, a reporter mouse model (transgenic click beetle luciferase/humanized monster green fluorescent protein) was developed to enable the study of siRNA delivery to skin; in this transgenic mouse, green fluorescent protein reporter gene expression is confined to the epidermis. Intradermal injection of siRNAs targeting the reporter gene resulted in marked reduction of green fluorescent protein expression in the localized treatment areas as measured by histology, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and intravital imaging using a dual-axes confocal fluorescence microscope. These results indicate that this transgenic mouse skin model, coupled with in vivo imaging, will be useful for development of efficient and 'patient-friendly' siRNA delivery techniques and should facilitate the translation of siRNA-based therapeutics to the clinic for treatment of skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gonzalez-Gonzalez
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Huda N, Hoque M, Murthy K, Ra H, Mehta S, Karia D. 88: Truncal Obesity Is a Risk Factor Cardiorenal Syndrome in Patients with Heart Failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2008.11.765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Kim JS, Ra H. Short-term Effect of Intravitreal Bevacizumab Injection Preventing Panretinal Photocoagulation-Induced Macular Edema in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2009. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2009.50.8.1197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Sub Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Parker G, Fernandes H, Chong SY, Czarneski J, Ra H, Lin YC, Raveche E. Antisense IL-10 abrogates the inhibitory effects of IL-10 production by transfected tumor cells. Cytokines Cell Mol Ther 2000; 6:113-9. [PMID: 11140879 DOI: 10.1080/mccm.6.3.113.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine that has a variety of downregulatory effects on immunologic and inflammatory processes. Ectopic tumor expression of IL-10 inhibited tumor growth, and local administration of antisense IL-10 significantly reversed the effects of IL-10 transfection in P815 mastocytoma. Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMPs) have been associated with decreased tumorigenesis and reduced metastasis, and TIMPs were increased in the region surrounding P815/IL-10 tumors and reduced in antisense IL-10-treated mice. In addition, the antisense IL-10 group had the largest tumor volume and poorest survival when compared with the P815/IL-10 control or sense groups. In summary, our data suggest that, in a mouse model, antisense IL-10 has substantive effects in reducing IL-10 translation and inhibiting IL-10-mediated TIMP upregulation, and, by doing so, allows IL-10-transfected mastocytoma to grow unchecked. Thus, ectopic tumor expression of IL-10 inhibits tumor growth, and antisense IL-10 administration in vivo reverses this protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Parker
- Department of Pathology, New Jersey Medical School, UMDNJ, Newark 07103, USA
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