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Kang GM, Min SH, Lee CH, Kim JY, Lim HS, Choi MJ, Jung SB, Park JW, Kim S, Park CB, Dugu H, Choi JH, Jang WH, Park SE, Cho YM, Kim JG, Kim KG, Choi CS, Kim YB, Lee C, Shong M, Kim MS. Mitohormesis in Hypothalamic POMC Neurons Mediates Regular Exercise-Induced High-Turnover Metabolism. Cell Metab 2021; 33:334-349.e6. [PMID: 33535098 PMCID: PMC7959183 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Low-grade mitochondrial stress can promote health and longevity, a phenomenon termed mitohormesis. Here, we demonstrate the opposing metabolic effects of low-level and high-level mitochondrial ribosomal (mitoribosomal) stress in hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons. POMC neuron-specific severe mitoribosomal stress due to Crif1 homodeficiency causes obesity in mice. By contrast, mild mitoribosomal stress caused by Crif1 heterodeficiency in POMC neurons leads to high-turnover metabolism and resistance to obesity. These metabolic benefits are mediated by enhanced thermogenesis and mitochondrial unfolded protein responses (UPRmt) in distal adipose tissues. In POMC neurons, partial Crif1 deficiency increases the expression of β-endorphin (β-END) and mitochondrial DNA-encoded peptide MOTS-c. Central administration of MOTS-c or β-END recapitulates the adipose phenotype of Crif1 heterodeficient mice, suggesting these factors as potential mediators. Consistently, regular running exercise at moderate intensity stimulates hypothalamic MOTS-c/β-END expression and induces adipose tissue UPRmt and thermogenesis. Our findings indicate that POMC neuronal mitohormesis may underlie exercise-induced high-turnover metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Myoung Kang
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Se Hee Min
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Chan Hee Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Ji Ye Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hyo Sun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Saet-Byel Jung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Jae Woo Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Seongjun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Chae Beom Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hong Dugu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Jong Han Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Won Hee Jang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Se Eun Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Young Min Cho
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jae Geun Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Kyung-Gon Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Cheol Soo Choi
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Korea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Gachon University, Inchon 21999, Korea
| | - Young-Bum Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Changhan Lee
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Min-Seon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.
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Roh E, Park JW, Kang GM, Lee CH, Dugu H, Gil SY, Song DK, Kim HJ, Son GH, Yu R, Kim MS. Exogenous nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide regulates energy metabolism via hypothalamic connexin 43. Metabolism 2018; 88:51-60. [PMID: 30179604 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 is an important regulator of hypothalamic neuronal function. Thus, an adequate hypothalamic NAD content is critical for maintaining normal energy homeostasis. METHODS We investigated whether NAD supplementation increases hypothalamic NAD levels and affects energy metabolism in mice. Furthermore, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the effects of exogenous NAD on central metabolism upon entering the hypothalamus. RESULTS Central and peripheral NAD administration suppressed fasting-induced hyperphagia and weight gain in mice. Extracellular NAD was imported into N1 hypothalamic neuronal cells in a connexin 43-dependent and CD73-independent manner. Consistent with the in vitro data, inhibition of hypothalamic connexin 43 blocked hypothalamic NAD uptake and NAD-induced anorexia. Exogenous NAD suppressed NPY and AgRP transcriptional activity, which was mediated by SIRT1 and FOXO1. CONCLUSIONS Exogenous NAD is effectively transported to the hypothalamus via a connexin 43-dependent mechanism and increases hypothalamic NAD content. Therefore, NAD supplementation is a potential therapeutic method for metabolic disorders characterized by hypothalamic NAD depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Roh
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woo Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil Myoung Kang
- Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hee Lee
- Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Dugu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Gil
- Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Kyeong Song
- Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Hoon Son
- Department of Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Rina Yu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
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