1
|
Yu MG, Zheng CD, Li T, Song HL, Wang LJ, Zhang W, Sun H, Xie QG, Jiang SL. Comparison of aroma properties of infant formulas: Differences in key aroma compounds and their possible origins in processing. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:5970-5987. [PMID: 37500443 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Aroma is an important attribute of infant formula (IF). In this study, 218 volatiles and 62 odor-active compounds were detected from IF by dynamic headspace sampling combined with comprehensive 2-dimensional gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry. Aldehydes and ketones were determined as the most abundant odor-active compounds. Among them, the contents of pentanal and hexanal were the most abundant, while 1-octen-3-one had the highest flavor dilution factor and odor activity value in most of the IF. Sensory evaluation and electronic nose analysis showed that the skimming process, the fatty acid composition, and powdered or liquid milk base used for the production of IF may be important factors resulting in their differences in aroma profiles and compounds. These differences were assumed to be mainly ascribed to the Maillard reaction and lipid oxidation, which were largely influenced by the temperature and water activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M G Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Sensory Science, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - C D Zheng
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China; PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China
| | - T Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Sensory Science, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - H L Song
- Laboratory of Molecular Sensory Science, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| | - L J Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Sensory Science, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - W Zhang
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China; PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China
| | - H Sun
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China; PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Q G Xie
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China; PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China
| | - S L Jiang
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China; PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao HN, Hu H, Wen PC, Lian S, Xie XL, Song HL, Yang ZN, Ren FZ. Yak milk-derived exosomes alleviate lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal inflammation by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/C3 pathway activation. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:8411-8424. [PMID: 34001362 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) are important parts of the mucosal barrier, whose function can be impaired upon various injury factors such as lipopolysaccharide. Although food-derived exosomes are preventable against intestinal barrier injuries, there have been few studies on the effect of yak milk-derived exosomes and the underlying mechanism that remains poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize the effect of exosomal proteins derived from yak and cow milk on the barrier function of IEC-6 treated with lipopolysaccharide and the relevant mechanism involved. Proteomics study revealed 392 differentially expressed proteins, with 58 higher expressed and 334 lower expressed in yak milk-derived exosomes than those in cow exosomes. Additionally, the top 20 proteins with a relatively consistent higher expression in yak milk exosomes than cow milk exosomes were identified. Protein CD46 was found to be a regulator for alleviating inflammatory injury of IEC-6. In vitro assay of the role of yak milk exosomes on survival of IEC-6 in inflammation by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay confirmed the effectiveness of yak milk exosomes to increase IEC-6 survival up to 18% for 12 h compared with cow milk exosomes (up to 12%), indicating a therapeutic effect of yak milk exosomes in the prevention of intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, yak and cow milk exosomes were shown to activate the PI3K/AKT/C3 signaling pathway, thus promoting IEC-6 survival. Our findings demonstrated an important relationship between yak and cow milk exosomes and intestinal inflammation, facilitating further understanding of the mechanisms of inflammation-driven epithelial homeostasis. Interestingly, compared with cow milk exosomes, yak milk exosomes activated the PI3K/AKT/C3 signaling pathway more to lower the incidence and severity of intestine inflammation, which might represent a potential innovative therapeutic option for intestinal inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H N Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - H Hu
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - P C Wen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - S Lian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - X L Xie
- Treasure of Tibet Yak Dairy Co., Ltd., Lhasa 610000, China
| | - H L Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Z N Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - F Z Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wei SH, Song HL, Tong Y. [The development history and prospect of neuro-ophthalmology in China]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2020; 56:891-894. [PMID: 33342115 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20200602-00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Neuro-ophthalmology is an interdisciplinary subspecialty that occupies an important position in ophthalmology. We review the development history and subspecialty construction of the neuro-ophthalmology in China, showing the achievements, providing reference for the clinical and scientific research of neuro-ophthalmology in the future, commemorating the predecessors and inspiring the contemporary neuro-ophthalmology profession to forge ahead. Congratulations on the 70th anniversary of the publication of the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology.(Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56:891-894).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S H Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - H L Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Y Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Song HL, Xu QG, Wei SH. [Progress in the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders related optic neuritis]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2020; 56:539-543. [PMID: 32842338 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20190703-00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) related optic neuritis (NMOSD-ON) is a common neuro-ophthalmic disease which often results in permanent blindness. NMOSD is characterized by high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. Therefore the two key objectives of the therapeutic approach for patients with NMOSD are treatment of the acute attacks and prevention of the relapses. With the in-depth study of the pathogenesis of NMOSD, new treatments developed for different stages of the disease are emerging. This review gives an update of latest knowledge of NMOSD-ON, emphasizing both current and future therapeutic approaches. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56: 539-543).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H L Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, ChinaSong Honglu is now working at the Department of Ophthalmology, the 980th Hospital of the Chinese PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Shijiazhuang 050082, China
| | - Q G Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, ChinaSong Honglu is now working at the Department of Ophthalmology, the 980th Hospital of the Chinese PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Shijiazhuang 050082, China
| | - S H Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, ChinaSong Honglu is now working at the Department of Ophthalmology, the 980th Hospital of the Chinese PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Shijiazhuang 050082, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cao H, Yang L, Hou B, Sun D, Lin L, Song HL, Shen ZY. Heme oxygenase-1-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with normothermic machine perfusion to protect donation after circulatory death liver grafts. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:218. [PMID: 32503631 PMCID: PMC7275432 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01736-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Donation after circulatory death (DCD) liver grafts have a poor prognosis after transplantation. We investigated whether the outcome of DCD donor organs can be improved by heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1)-modified bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) combined with normothermic machine perfusion (NMP), and explored its underlying mechanisms. METHODS BMMSCs were isolated, cultured, and transduced with the HO-1 gene. An NMP system was established. DCD rat livers were obtained, preserved by different methods, and the recipients were divided into 5 groups: sham operation, static cold storage (SCS), NMP, BMMSCs combined with NMP, and HO-1/BMMSCs combined with NMP (HBP) groups. Rats were sacrificed at 1, 7, and 14 days after surgery; their blood and liver tissue samples were collected; and liver enzyme and cytokine levels, liver histology, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) levels in monocytes and liver tissues, and expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway-related molecules were evaluated. RESULTS After liver transplantation, the SCS group showed significantly increased transaminase levels, liver tissue damage, and shorter survival time. The HBP group showed lower transaminase levels, intact liver morphology, prolonged survival time, and decreased serum and liver proinflammatory cytokine levels. In the NMP and SCS groups, HMGB1 expression in the serum, monocytes, and liver tissues and TLR4 pathway-related molecule expression were significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS HO-1/BMMSCs combined with NMP exerted protective effects on DCD donor liver and significantly improved recipient prognosis. The effect of HO-1/BMMSCs was greater than that of BMMSCs and was mediated via HMGB1 expression and TLR4 pathway inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Cao
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liu Yang
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Hou
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Sun
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 People’s Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Lin
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Li Song
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192 People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Yang Shen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang L, Cao H, Sun D, Lin L, Zheng WP, Shen ZY, Song HL. Normothermic Machine Perfusion Combined with Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves the Oxidative Stress Response and Mitochondrial Function in Rat Donation After Circulatory Death Livers. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:835-852. [PMID: 32253985 PMCID: PMC7336881 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need to improve the quality of donor liver from donation after circulatory death (DCD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanism of normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) on the oxidative stress and mitochondrial function in DCD livers. DCD livers were obtained, a rat NMP system was established, and BMMSCs were extracted and identified. The DCD livers were grouped by their preservation method: Normal, static cold storage (SCS), NMP (P), and NMP combined with BMMSCs (PB), and the preservation time was up to 8 h. An IAR20 cell oxidative stress injury model was established in vitro by simulating DCD oxidative stress injury and coculturing with BMMSCs for 6 h. Compared with SCS group, after 6 h in vitro, the PB and P groups had significantly improved liver function and liver histological damage, reduced hepatocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress, improved hepatocyte mitochondrial damage, and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. These indicators were significantly better in the PB group than in the P group. BMMSCs significantly inhibited reactive oxygen species release from the IAR20 cell oxidative stress model in vitro, ameliorated mitochondrial damage, and increased mitochondrial membrane potential level. BMMSCs also downregulated the JUN N-terminal kinase-nuclear factor kappa B (JNK-NF-κB) signaling pathway significantly in the IAR20 cell oxidative stress model and promoted AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. We verified that NMP combined with BMMSCs also played the same role in the PB group. NMP combined with BMMSCs could improve liver quality by relieving oxidative stress injury and improving mitochondrial function in rat DCD livers. The mechanism of protective role might involve inhibiting the JNK-NF-κB pathway to reduce oxidative stress and promote AMPK activation, thereby reducing mitochondrial damage and increase mitochondrial function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Cao
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Sun
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Lin
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ping Zheng
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Yang Shen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Li Song
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Song HL, Han HJ, Yu WN, Wang LZ. [Adaptation of Suaeda salsa to water/sediment conditions and nitrogen input in tidal flat wetlands in the Yellow River Delta, China]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2020; 31:1333-1340. [PMID: 32530209 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202004.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The application of Water-Sediment Regulation Project provides abundant freshwater for the Yellow River Delta, changes water and sediment condition, as well as brings lots of exogenous substances. Using orthogonal test with three factors and four levels, we examined the effects of water condition, sediment burial depth and exogenous nitrogen input on the growth of wetland plant, Suaeda salsa. The results showed that sediment burial had great effect on protein content and SOD activity. Nitrogen input had great effect on POD activity. CAT activity was not affected by sediment burial, nitrogen input and water depth. The water depth manipulation had significant effect on leaf, stem and total dry weight. With the increases of water depth, leaf, stem and total dry weight showed a decreasing trend, with the maximum values (25.70, 40.86, 69.73 g) at the 2 cm water depth. There was no effect of nitrogen input and sediment burial on dry weight. The results of range analysis showed that the effect of water depth on leaf, stem, root and total dry weight was great, and followed by nitrogen input and sediment burial, with an optimal combination of 2 cm water depth +12 cm sediment burial + 9 g·m-2 nitrogen input. These findings suggested that water condition played a decisive role in affecting the growth of S. salsa. Consequently, more attention should be paid to the control of water depth in the process of water and sediment regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection/College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, Shandong, China
| | - Hong-Jun Han
- Yishui Water Conservancy Bureau, Linyi 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Wan-Ni Yu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection/College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, Shandong, China
| | - Li-Zhi Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection/College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sun D, Yang L, Cao H, Shen ZY, Song HL. Study of the protective effect on damaged intestinal epithelial cells of rat multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells. Cell Biol Int 2019; 44:549-559. [PMID: 31642560 PMCID: PMC7003933 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we determined whether multilineage‐differentiating stress‐enduring (Muse) cells exist in rat bone marrow and elucidated their effects on protection against the injury of intestinal epithelial cells associated with inflammation. Rat Muse cells were separated from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) by trypsin‐incubation stress. The group of cells maintained the characteristics of BMMSCs; however, there were high positive expression levels of stage‐specific embryonic antigen‐3 (SSEA‐3; 75.6 ± 2.8%) and stage‐specific embryonic antigen‐1 (SSEA‐1; 74.8 ± 3.1%), as well as specific antigens including Nanog, POU class 5 homeobox 1 (OCT 3/4), and SRY‐box 2 (SOX 2). After inducing differentiation, α‐fetoprotein (endodermal), α‐smooth muscle actin and neurofilament medium polypeptide (ectodermal) were positive in Muse cells. Injuries of intestinal epithelial crypt cell‐6 (IEC‐6) and colorectal adenocarcinoma 2 (Caco‐2) cells as models were induced by tumor necrosis factor‐α stimulation in vitro. Muse cells exhibited significant protective effects on the proliferation and intestinal barrier structure, the underlying mechanisms of which were related to reduced levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), and the restoration of transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) and IL‐10 in the inflammation microenvironment. In summary, there were minimal levels of pluripotent stem cells in rat bone marrow, which exhibit similar properties to human Muse cells. Rat Muse cells could provide protection against damage to intestinal epithelial cells depending on their anti‐inflammatory and immune regulatory functionality. Their functional impact was more obvious than that of BMMSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Sun
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P.R. China
| | - Liu Yang
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P.R. China.,Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, P.R. China
| | - Huan Cao
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P.R. China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin, 300192, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Yang Shen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Li Song
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, P.R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin, 300192, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a member of the toll-like receptor family and belongs to the family of pattern recognition receptors. The role of TLR4 signaling pathway in liver ischemia-reperfusion injury has been widely studied in recent years, and its control methods in inflammatory response is becoming the most important research hotspot. In this paper, the research progress of the molecules and their regulatory mechanisms involved with TLR4 signaling pathway in liver ischemia-reperfusion injury is reviewed, which act as a new foundation of clinical research to study the pathogenic mechanisms and treatment plan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Yang
- The First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - H L Song
- Department of Organ Transplantaion, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Transplantation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Song HL, Jiang LJ, Jiang LZ, Zhang WW, Wang X, Yan ZH. [The MRI analysis of 220 cases of placenta previa complicated with placenta accrete or not]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:3692-3696. [PMID: 30526781 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.45.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of MRI for placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta or not. Methods: A total of 220 placenta previa patients were diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound and MRI in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from May 2014 to May 2017.The MRI images of 220 placenta previa patients suspicious of placenta previa were interpreted by two radiologists who majored on gynecological radiology. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of two radiologists in diagnosis of placenta accreta were calculated respectively. Kappa test were used to verify the consistency between two doctors, as well as their MRI diagnosis and pathological results. The diagnostic value of MRI and pathological were assessed by Chi-square test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve. Results: The 220 patients were all confirmed with placenta previa by surgical pathology.Out of 220, 71 cases were diagnosed as placenta accreta, and 149 cases were diagnosed without placenta accreta. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value with physician A and physician B were 90.1%/84.5%, 88.6%/89.9%, 89.1%/88.2%, 79.0%/80.0% and 95.0%/92.4%, respectively.The consistency between MRI diagnosis and pathological results was excellent in physician A (κ=0.759), and good in physician B (κ=0.734). However, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of diagnosis between two physicians had no significant difference (all P>0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of ROC in physician A and B were 0.858 and 0.847 (P=0.980). Conclusion: MRI is feasible for patients with placenta previa, as the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MRI are high in assessing whether placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta or not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H L Song
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Song HL, Wang LZ, Yu WN, Wu XY. [Effects of Sediment Burial and Exogenous Cd Input on Biomass Allocation and Antioxidative Enzyme Activities of Suaeda salsa in the Coastal Wetland of the Yellow River Delta]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2018; 39:3910-3916. [PMID: 29998701 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201710216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Yellow River Delta has been facing the threat of functional degradation during the recent years. The Water-Sediment Regulation Project not only supplements abundant freshwater, but also alters the sediment burial and heavy metal levels, which affects vegetation growth. Thus, we selected the pioneer species Suaeda salsa, to study the effects of different sediment burial depths (0, 3, 6, 12 cm) and exogenous Cd inputs (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mg·kg-1) on biomass allocation and activities of antioxidative enzymes in the coastal wetlands of the Yellow River delta. The results showed that a shallow or moderate burial depth had a stimulatory effect on chlorophyll content, while an excessive burial depth inhibited the growth of Suaeda salsa and chlorophyll content. With increasing Cd input, chlorophyll content and dry mass decreased. At a lower Cd input and moderate burial depth, activities of CAT and SOD increased, and at high levels, SOD activities decreased, while activities of CAT at a 12 cm burial depth and 1.0 mg·kg-1, 1.5 mg·kg-1 Cd input were higher than those for the control (62.66% and 58.56%). CAT activities reached high values (15.76 U·mg-1) at a high Cd input (1.5 mg·kg-1) and burial depth (12 cm). Analysis of variance showed that Cd input had a significant effect on protein content, and CAT and SOD activities, and sediment burial depth had a significant effect on the protein content and SOD activities. Interaction between Cd input and sediment burial depth had a significant effect on CAT and SOD activities (P<0.05). These results demonstrated that sediment burial depth and Cd input had a great influence on the growth of Suaeda salsa, and to some extent, Suaeda salsa could change its biomass allocation and antioxidative enzyme activities to adapt to severe environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
| | - Li-Zhi Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
| | - Wan-Ni Yu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
| | - Xi-Yuan Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yin ML, Song HL, Yang Y, Zheng WP, Liu T, Shen ZY. Effect of CXCR3/HO-1 genes modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on small bowel transplant rejection. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:4016-4038. [PMID: 28652655 PMCID: PMC5473121 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i22.4016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) modified with the HO-1 and CXCR3 genes can augment the inhibitory effect of BMMSCs on small bowel transplant rejection.
METHODS Lewis rat BMMSCs were cultured in vitro. Third-passage BMMSCs were transduced with the CXCR3/HO-1 genes or the HO-1 gene alone. The rats were divided into six groups and rats in the experimental group were pretreated with BMMSCs 7 d prior to small bowel transplant. Six time points (instant, 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, 10 d, and 14 d) (n = 6) were chosen for each group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe pathologic rejection, while immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect protein expression. Flow cytometry was used to detect T lymphocytes and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect cytokines.
RESULTS The median survival time of BMMSCs from the CXCR3/HO-1 modified group (53 d) was significantly longer than that of the HO-1 modified BMMSCs group (39 d), the BMMSCs group (26 d), and the NS group (control group) (16 d) (P < 0.05). Compared with BMMSCs from the HO-1 modified BMMSCs, BMMSCs, and NS groups, rejection of the small bowel in the CXCR3/HO-1 modified group was significantly reduced, while the weight of transplant recipients was also significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Furthermore, IL-2, IL-6, IL-17, IFN-γ, and TNF-α levels were significantly decreased and the levels of IL-10 and TGF-β were significantly increased (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION BMMSCs modified with the CXCR3 and HO-1 genes can abrogate the rejection of transplanted small bowel more effectively and significantly increase the survival time of rats that receive a small bowel transplant.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Cell Survival
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytokines/blood
- Graft Rejection/enzymology
- Graft Rejection/immunology
- Graft Rejection/pathology
- Graft Rejection/prevention & control
- Graft Survival
- Heme Oxygenase-1/genetics
- Heme Oxygenase-1/metabolism
- Intestine, Small/enzymology
- Intestine, Small/immunology
- Intestine, Small/pathology
- Intestine, Small/transplantation
- Male
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/enzymology
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/immunology
- Phenotype
- Rats, Inbred BN
- Rats, Inbred Lew
- Receptors, CXCR3/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR3/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Transfection
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang L, Shen ZY, Wang RR, Yin ML, Zheng WP, Wu B, Liu T, Song HL. Effects of heme oxygenase-1-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on microcirculation and energy metabolism following liver transplantation. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:3449-3467. [PMID: 28596681 PMCID: PMC5442081 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i19.3449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) on the microcirculation and energy metabolism of hepatic sinusoids following reduced-size liver transplantation (RLT) in a rat model.
METHODS BMMSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro using an adherent method, and then transduced with HO-1-bearing recombinant adenovirus to construct HO-1/BMMSCs. A rat acute rejection model following 50% RLT was established using a two-cuff technique. Recipients were divided into three groups based on the treatment received: normal saline (NS), BMMSCs and HO-1/BMMSCs. Liver function was examined at six time points. The levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1), endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS), inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS), nitric oxide (NO), and hyaluronic acid (HA) were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The portal vein pressure (PVP) was detected by Power Lab ML880. The expressions of ET-1, iNOS, eNOS, and von Willebrand factor (vWF) protein in the transplanted liver were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. ATPase in the transplanted liver was detected by chemical colorimetry, and the ultrastructural changes were observed under a transmission electron microscope.
RESULTS HO-1/BMMSCs could alleviate the pathological changes and rejection activity index of the transplanted liver, and improve the liver function of rats following 50% RLT, with statistically significant differences compared with those of the NS group and BMMSCs group (P < 0.05). In term of the microcirculation of hepatic sinusoids: The PVP on POD7 decreased significantly in the HO-1/BMMSCs and BMMSCs groups compared with that of the NS group (P < 0.01); HO-1/BMMSCs could inhibit the expressions of ET-1 and iNOS, increase the expressions of eNOS and inhibit amounts of NO production, and maintain the equilibrium of ET-1/NO (P < 0.05); and HO-1/BMMSCs increased the expression of vWF in hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs), and promoted the degradation of HA, compared with those of the NS group and BMMSCs group (P < 0.05). In term of the energy metabolism of the transplanted liver, HO-1/BMMSCs repaired the damaged mitochondria, and improved the activity of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase (ASTm) and ATPase, compared with the other two groups (P <0.05).
CONCLUSION HO-1/BMMSCs can improve the microcirculation of hepatic sinusoids significantly, and recover the energy metabolism of damaged hepatocytes in rats following RLT, thus protecting the transplanted liver.
Collapse
|
14
|
Zheng WP, Zhang BY, Shen ZY, Yin ML, Cao Y, Song HL. Biological effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on hepatitis B virus in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:2551-2559. [PMID: 28447750 PMCID: PMC5428401 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of co‑culturing bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) cultured with hepatitis B virus (HBV)‑infected lymphocytes in vitro. BM‑MSCs and lymphocytes from Brown Norway rats were obtained from the bone marrow and spleen, respectively. Rats were divided into the following five experimental groups: Group 1, splenic lymphocytes (SLCs); group 2, HepG2.2.15 cells; group 3, BM‑MSCs + HepG2.2.15 cells; group 4, SLCs + HepG2.2.15 cells; and group 5, SLCs + BM‑MSCs + HepG2.2.15 cells. The viability of lymphocytes and HepG2.2.15 cells was assessed using the MTT assay at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Levels of supernatant HBV DNA and intracellular HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Supernatant cytokine levels were measured by enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). T cell subsets were quantified by flow cytometry using fluorescence‑labeled antibodies. In addition, the HBV genome sequence was analyzed by direct gene sequencing. Levels of HBV DNA and cccDNA in group 5 were lower when compared with those in group 3 or group 4, with a significant difference observed at 48 h. The secretion of interferon‑γ was negatively correlated with the level of HBV DNA, whereas secretion of interleukin (IL)‑10 and IL‑22 were positively correlated with the level of HBV DNA. Flow cytometry demonstrated that the percentage of CD3+CD8+ T cells was positively correlated with the levels of HBV DNA, and the CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+ ratio was negatively correlated with the level of HBV DNA. Almost no mutations in the HBV DNA sequence were detected in HepG2.2.15 cells co‑cultured with BM‑MSCs, SLCs, or in the two types of cells combined. BM‑MSCs inhibited the expression of HBV DNA and enhanced the clearance of HBV, which may have been mediated by the regulation of the Tc1/Tc2 cell balance and the mode of cytokine secretion to modulate cytokine expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ping Zheng
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Ya Zhang
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Yang Shen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Li Yin
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Yi Cao
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Li Song
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cao Y, Wu BJ, Zheng WP, Yin ML, Liu T, Song HL. Effect of heme oxygenase-1 transduced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on damaged intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. Cell Biol Int 2017; 41:726-738. [PMID: 28206713 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we explored the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow overexpressing heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) on the damaged human intestinal epithelial barrier in vitro. Rat MSCs were isolated from bone marrow and transduced with rat HO-1 recombinant adenovirus (HO-MSCs) for stable expression of HO-1. Colorectal adenocarinoma 2 (Caco2) cells were treated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) to establish a damaged colon epithelial model. Damaged Caco2 were cocultured with MSCs, Ad-MSCs, Ad-HO + MSCs or HO-MSCs. mRNA and protein expression of Zona occludens-1 (ZO-1) and human HO-1 and the release of cytokines were measured. ZO-1 and human HO-1 in Caco2 were significantly decreased after treatment with TNF-α; and this effect was reduced when coculture with MSCs from bone marrow. Expression of ZO-1 was not significantly affected by Caco2 treatment with TNF-α, Ad-HO, and MSCs. In contrast, ZO-1 and human HO-1 increased significantly when the damaged Caco2 was treated with HO-MSCs. HO-MSCs showed the strongest effect on the expression of ZO-1 in colon epithelial cells. Coculture with HO-MSCs showed the most significant effects on reducing the expression of IL-2, IL-6, IFN-γ and increasing the expression of IL-10. HO-MSCs protected the intestinal epithelial barrier, in which endogenous HO-1 was involved. HO-MSCs play an important role in the repair process by reducing the release of inflammatory cytokines and increasing the release of anti-inflammatory factors. These results suggested that HO-MSCs from bone marrow were more effective in repairing the damaged intestinal epithelial barrier, and the effectiveness of MSCs was improved by HO-1 gene transduction, which provides favorable support for the application of stem cell therapy in the intestinal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cao
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ben-Juan Wu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei-Ping Zheng
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming-Li Yin
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Emergency Care Medicine of Ministry of Health, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Li Song
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shen ZY, Wu B, Liu T, Yang Y, Yin ML, Zheng WP, Zhang BY, Song HL. Immunomodulatory effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing heme oxygenase-1: Protective effects on acute rejection following reduced-size liver transplantation in a rat model. Cell Immunol 2016; 313:10-24. [PMID: 28069109 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Here we explore the T-lymphocyte suppressive and immunomodulatory effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) overexpressing heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) on acute rejection following reduced-size liver transplantation (RLT) in a rat model. The proliferation activity, cell cycle progression, secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, expression of CD25 and CD71 in lymphocytes, and activity of NK cells were found to be significantly lowered, and the proportion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) was found to be increased relative to BMMSCs when Adv-HO-1/BMMSCs were co-cultured with Con A ex vivo; secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines was significantly higher. When treated with saline, BMMSCs or Adv-HO-1/BMMSCs, post-transplantation rats receiving Adv-HO-1/BMMSCs showed better median survival time, lower rejection activity index, higher anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, lower proinflammatory cytokine levels, more peripheral Tregs, and lower natural killer cell viability. These results suggest that HO-1 enhanced and prolonged the effects of BMMSCs on acute rejection following RLT, with immunomodulatory effects in which adaptive and innate immunity, as well as paracrine signaling, may play important roles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yang Shen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, PR China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, PR China; Key Laboratory of Emergency and Care Medicine of Ministry of Health, Tianjin 300192, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, PR China
| | - Ming-Li Yin
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, PR China; Key Laboratory of Emergency and Care Medicine of Ministry of Health, Tianjin 300192, PR China
| | - Wei-Ping Zheng
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, PR China
| | - Bo-Ya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Care Medicine of Ministry of Health, Tianjin 300192, PR China
| | - Hong-Li Song
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin 300192, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yang Y, Shen ZY, Wu B, Yin ML, Zhang BY, Song HL. Mesenchymal stem cells improve the outcomes of liver recipients via regulating CD4+ T helper cytokines in rats. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2016; 15:257-65. [PMID: 27298101 DOI: 10.1016/s1499-3872(16)60085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) exert immunosuppressive activities in transplantation. This study aimed to determine whether BMMSCs reduce acute rejection and improve outcomes of liver transplantation in rats. METHODS Orthotopic liver transplantation from Lewis to Brown Norway rats was performed, which was followed by the infusion of BMMSCs through the penile superficial dorsal vein. Normal saline infusion was used as a control. Animals were sacrificed at 0, 24, 72, or 168 hours after BMMSCs infusion. Liver grafts, and recipient serum and spleen tissues were obtained. Histopathology, apoptosis, serum liver enzymes, serum cytokines, and circulating regulatory T (Treg), Th1, Th2 and Th17 cells were assessed at each time point. RESULTS BMMSCs significantly attenuated acute rejection and improved the survival rate of allogeneic liver transplantation recipients. Liver enzymes and liver apoptosis were significantly alleviated. The levels of the Th1/Th2 ratio-associated cytokines such as IL-2 and IFN-gamma were significantly reduced and IL-10 was significantly increased. The levels of the Th17/Tregs axis-associated cytokines such as IL-6, IL-17, IL-23, and TNF-alpha were significantly reduced, whereas TGF-beta concentration was significantly increased. Moreover, flow cytometry analysis showed that the infusion of BMMSCs significantly increased Th2 and Treg cells and decreased Th1 and Th17 cells. CONCLUSION BMMSCs had immunomodulatory effects, attenuated acute rejection and improved outcomes of allogeneic liver transplantation in rats by regulating the levels of cytokines associated with Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg ratios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cao Y, Liu T, Yin ML, Zhang BY, Song HL. Role of CX3CR1 in repair of injured intestinal epithelial cells by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:3670-3682. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i23.3670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the role of chemokine receptor CX3CR1 in the repair of injured intestinal epithelial cells by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs).
METHODS: BM-MSCs were cultured and identified in vitro. Caco-2 cells were exposed to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) to establish a cell model of injured intestinal epithelium. Cells were divided into six groups: BM-MSCs, Caco-2 cells, Caco-2 cells treated with TNF-α, co-cultured BM-MSCs and Caco-2 cells, co-cultured BM-MSCs and Caco-2 cells treated with TNF-α, and co-cultured BM-MSCs and Caco-2 cells treated with anti-CX3CR1 and TNF-α. The expression of tight junction proteins and mRNAs in Caco-2 cells, and CX3CR1 protein and mRNA in BM-MSCs was detected by immunofluorescence, Western blot and RT-PCR.
RESULTS: We selected 100 ng/mL TNF-α for 48 h to establish the injured model, because the expression of zonula occluden 1(ZO-1) and Occludin was reduced significantly at this time point (P < 0.05). The protein and mRNA levels of ZO-1, Occludin and CX3CR1 had no significant changes when BM-MSCs were co-cultured with untreated Caco-2 cells, but increased when BM-MSCs were co-cultured with injured Caco-2 cells (P < 0.05). When CX3CR1 was blocked, the protein and mRNA levels of ZO-1 and Occludin decreased significantly.
CONCLUSION: CX3CR1 participates in the repair of injured intestinal epithelial cells by BM-MSCs.
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu T, Song HL, Zheng WP, Shen ZY. Inhibition of HBV Replication in HepG2.2.15 Cells by Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell-Derived Dendritic Cells. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2015; 45:495-501. [PMID: 26586699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Anti-HBV therapy is essential for patients awaiting liver transplantation. This study aimed to explore the effects of dendritic cells (DCs) derived from the peripheral blood of hepatitis B patients on the replication of HBV in vivo and to evaluate the biosafety of DCs in clinical therapy. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from HBV-infected patients and maturation-promoting factors and both HBsAg and HBcAg were used to induce DC maturation. Mature DCs and lymphocytes were co-cultured with human hepatocyte cell HL-7702 or HBV-producing human hepatocellular carcinoma cell HepG2.2.15. We found that mature lymphocytes exposed to DCs in vitro did not influence morphology or activities of HL-7702 and HepG2.2.15 cells. Liver function indexes and endotoxin levels in the cell supernatants did not change in these co-cultures. Additionally, supernatant and intracellular HBV DNA levels were reduced when HepG2.2.15 cells were co-cultured with mature lymphocytes that had been cultured with DCs, and HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) levels in HepG2.2.15 cells also decreased. Importantly, DC-mediated immunotherapy had no mutagenic effect on HBV genomic DNA by gene sequencing of the P, S, X, and C regions of HBV genomic DNA. We conclude that PBMC-derived DCs from HBV-infected patients act on autologous lymphocytes to suppress HBV replication and these DC clusters showed favorable biosafety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Li Song
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei-Ping Zheng
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhong-Yang Shen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shen ZY, Zheng WP, Liu T, Yang Y, Song HL. Effects of dendritic cells from hepatitis B virus transgenic mice-stimulated autologous lymphocytes on hepatitis B virus replication: a study on the impact of specific sensitized effector cells on in vitro virus replication. Viral Immunol 2014; 28:85-92. [PMID: 25343622 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2014.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the effects of dendritic cells (DCs) from hepatitis B virus (HBV) transgenic mice-stimulated autologous lymphocytes on in vitro HBV replication. DCs from HBV transgenic mice were induced to maturity by lipopolysaccharide, followed by incubation with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) in vitro. Mature DCs and autologous lymphocytes were co-stimulated to form specific sensitized immune effector cells (IEC), which were then co-cultured with the human hepatoma cell line HepG2.2.15. Changes in morphology and activity of hepatocytes were then observed, as well as analysis of changes in liver enzyme, and HBV DNA and inflammatory cytokine levels in the culture supernatant. Intracellular HBV DNA and covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) concentration were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Co-stimulation by mature DCs and IEC showed no impact on the morphology and liver enzyme expression level of HepG2.2.15 cells, but the supernatant HBV DNA and intracellular HBV DNA and cccDNA levels decreased significantly compared with those cells co-cultured with immature DCs. Secretion of inflammatory cytokines in the supernatant showed that when HBV DNA was highly expressed, the concentration of IFN-γ and IL-2 decreased, while IL-10 increased. Contrastingly, when HBV DNA had low expression, the concentration of IFN-γ and IL-2 increased and IL-10 decreased. Co-stimulation of HBV-related antigen-induced mature DCs and autologous lymphocytes showed inhibitory effects on ex vivo HBV replication, and cytokines were suggested to mediate this effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yang Shen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital , Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang W, Shen ZY, Song HL, Yang Y, Wu BJ, Fu NN, Liu T. Protective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in intestinal barrier permeability after heterotopic intestinal transplantation. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:7442-7451. [PMID: 24966614 PMCID: PMC4064089 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i23.7442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the protective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM MSCs) in the small intestinal mucosal barrier following heterotopic intestinal transplantation (HIT) in a rat model.
METHODS: BM MSCs were isolated from male Lewis rats by density gradient centrifugation, cultured, and analyzed by flow cytometry. The HIT models were divided into a non-rejection group, saline-treated rejection group (via penile vein), and BM MSC–treated group (via penile vein). Intestinal mucosal barrier injury was estimated by diamine oxidase (DAO) and D-lactic acid (D-LA) expression levels. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (INF-γ), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Ultrastructural change of tight junctions (TJs) was observed under transmission electron microscope. Expression levels of the TJ proteins occludin and zona occludens (ZO)-1, affected by the inflammatory factors, were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting.
RESULTS: The pathological score at each time point after surgery indicated significantly less serious injury in the BM MSCs-treated group than in the rejection group (P < 0.05). In the former, graft levels of DAO and D-LA were reduced, and TNF-α and INF-γ production was inhibited (at day 7: 10.6473 ± 0.0710 vs 17.2128 ± 0.4991, P < 0.05; 545.1506 ± 31.9416 vs 810.2637 ± 25.1175, P < 0.05). IL-10 and TGF-β production was increased greatly (at day 7: 125.7773 ± 4.7719 vs 80.3756 ± 2.5866, P < 0.05; 234.5273 ± 9.3980 vs 545.1506 ± 31.9416, P < 0.05). There was increased expression of occludin and ZO-1 protein (at day 7: 0.2674 ± 0.0128 vs 0.1352 ± 0.0142, P < 0.05; at day 5: 0.7189 ± 0.0289 vs 0.4556 ± 0.0242, P < 0.05) and mRNA (at day 7: 0.3860 ± 0.0254 vs 0.1673 ± 0.0369, P < 0.05; at day 5: 0.5727 ± 0.0419 vs 0.3598 ± 0.0242, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: BM MSCs can improve intestinal barrier permeability, repair TJs, and increase occludin and ZO-1 protein expression. With altered cytokine levels, they can protect the intestinal mucosa after transplantation.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)/metabolism
- Animals
- Bone Marrow Transplantation
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Graft Survival
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism
- Intestinal Mucosa/transplantation
- Intestinal Mucosa/ultrastructure
- Intestine, Small/metabolism
- Intestine, Small/transplantation
- Intestine, Small/ultrastructure
- Lactic Acid/metabolism
- Male
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Occludin/genetics
- Occludin/metabolism
- Permeability
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats, Inbred BN
- Rats, Inbred Lew
- Tight Junctions/metabolism
- Tight Junctions/ultrastructure
- Time Factors
- Transplantation, Heterotopic
- Zonula Occludens-1 Protein/genetics
- Zonula Occludens-1 Protein/metabolism
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu T, Fu NN, Song HL, Wang YL, Wu BJ, Shen ZY. Suppression of MicroRNA-203 improves survival of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through enhancing PI3K-induced cellular activation. IUBMB Life 2014; 66:220-227. [PMID: 24659565 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As a group of heterogeneous multipotent cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have potential in treatment of a variety of clinical diseases. However, the low survival of the transplanted MSCs reduced their therapeutic effects. In this study, we revealed that rno-miR-203 suppressed activity and colony formation and enhanced apoptosis of the rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). Using bioinformatics analysis, we found a potential miR-203 binding site within rat phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) 3'UTR, and fluorescent reporter experiments validated the direct and negative regulation of PI3K expression by miR-203 through this site. Ectopic expression of PI3K rescued BM-MSCs from depressed activity induced by miR-203, and suppression of PI3K attenuated the increased BM-MSCs activity by miR-203 inhibitor treatment. Moreover, miR-203 blocking partly protected BM-MSCs from impairment caused by low nutrition. We conclude that inhibition of endogenous miR-203 elevated PI3K expression, which may strengthen PI3K/Akt pathway and promote BM-MSCs activity and survival. © 2014 IUBMB Life, 66(3):220-227, 2014.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine of the Ministry of Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Nan-Nan Fu
- First Center Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Li Song
- The Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu-Liang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine of the Ministry of Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Ben-Juan Wu
- First Center Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhong-Yang Shen
- The Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Shen ZY, Zhang J, Song HL, Zheng WP. Bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells reduce rat intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, ZO-1 downregulation and tight junction disruption via a TNF-α-regulated mechanism. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:3583-3595. [PMID: 23801859 PMCID: PMC3691049 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i23.3583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM MSCs) on the intestinal mucosa barrier in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.
METHODS: BM MSCs were isolated from male Sprague-Dawley rats by density gradient centrifugation, cultured, and analyzed by flow cytometry. I/R injury was induced by occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery for 30 min. Rats were treated with saline, BM MSCs (via intramucosal injection) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α blocking antibodies (via the tail vein). I/R injury was assessed using transmission electron microscopy, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry, western blotting and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS: Intestinal permeability increased, tight junctions (TJs) were disrupted, and zona occludens 1 (ZO-1) was downregulated after I/R injury. BM MSCs reduced intestinal mucosal barrier destruction, ZO-1 downregulation, and TJ disruption. The morphological abnormalities after intestinal I/R injury positively correlated with serum TNF-α levels. Administration of anti-TNF-α IgG or anti-TNF-α receptor 1 antibodies attenuated the intestinal ultrastructural changes, ZO-1 downregulation, and TJ disruption.
CONCLUSION: Altered serum TNF-α levels play an important role in the ability of BM MSCs to protect against intestinal I/R injury.
Collapse
|
24
|
Shen ZY, Zheng WP, Deng YL, Song HL. Variations in the S and P regions of the hepatitis B virus genome under immunosuppression in vitro and in vivo. Viral Immunol 2012; 25:368-78. [PMID: 22946668 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2012.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To provide a basis for improved prevention and treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) re-infection after liver transplantation, variations in the S and P genes of HBV under immunosuppression in vitro and their association with patient prognosis were investigated. For the in vitro study, HepG2.2.15 hepatocellular carcinoma cells stably producing HBV particles were treated with the immunosuppressants methylprednisolone (MP) and tacrolimus (FK506) at doses found to be non-toxic by the methylthiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) cell viability assay. MP dose-dependently inhibited HBV DNA expression in HepG2.2.15 cells, while FK506 did not, as determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). By gene sequencing, both MP and FK506 were found to cause variations in HBV S, P, and S/P overlapping regions. MP- but not FK506-induced mutations were common in the glucocorticoid response element of the P region, while both immunosuppressants caused mutations outside the nucleoside analogue resistance sites. For the in vivo study, 14 patients with HBV-related end-stage liver disease re-infected after liver transplantation, and 20 cases without HBV re-infection as controls, were studied. Seventy-five percent of re-infected recipients showed multi-loci amino acid mutations at different sites besides lamivudine (LAM)-resistant loci in the P region, including in the glucocorticoid response element. Fifty percent of re-infected recipients had mutations in the "a" determinant region and flanking sequences. Re-infection was associated with negative serum hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG), as measured by a microparticle capture enzyme immunoassay. Nucleotide mutations in the S region caused missense or synonymous mutations, which caused synonymous mutations in the overlapping P region. These results showed that effects of immunosuppressants on HBV genes in vitro were different from those in clinical recipients. Positive HBV DNA and gene mutations pre-transplantation were factors affecting re-infection post-transplantation. Multiple mutations found in the P and S genes suggest that the formation of quasispecies contributes to HBV re-infection after liver transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yang Shen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jiang HH, Sun ZG, Wang LL, Mou XJ, Sun WL, Song HL, Sun WG. [Methane fluxes and controlling factors in the intertidal zone of the Yellow River estuary in autumn]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2012; 33:565-573. [PMID: 22509598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics of methane (CH4) fluxes from tidal wetlands of the Yellow River estuary were observed in situ with static-chamber and GC methods in September and October 2009, and the key factors affecting CH4 fluxes were discussed. From the aspect of space, the CH4 flux ranges in high tidal wetland, middle tidal wetland, low tidal wetland, bare flat are - 0.206-1.264, -0.197-0.431, -0.125-0.659 and -0.742-1.767 mg x (m2 x h)(-1), the day average fluxes are 0.089, 0.038, 0.197 and 0.169 mg x (m2 x h)(-1), respectively, indicating that the tidal wetlands are the sources of CH4 and the source function of CH4 differed among the four study sites, in the order of low tidal wetland > bare flat > high tidal wetland > middle tidal wetland. From the aspect of time, the ranges of CH4 fluxes from the tidal wetland ecosystems are -0.444-1.767 and - 0.742- 1.264 mg x (m2 x h)(-1), and the day average fluxes are 0.218 and 0.028 mg x (m2 x h)(-1) in September and October, respectively. The CH4 fluxes in each tidal wetland in September are higher than those in October except that the high tidal wetland acts as weak sink in September. Further studies indicate that the changes of environmental factors in the Yellow River estuary are complicated, and the CH4 fluxes are affected by multiple factors. The differences of CH4 fluxes characteristics among different tidal wetlands in autumn are probably related to temperature (especially atmospheric temperature) and vegetation growth status, while the effects of water or salinity condition and tide status on the CH4 flux characteristics might not be ignored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment Processes, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Song HL, Lü S, Liu P. [The study on bacteria invading the intestinal mucosa barrier in mice with fulminant hepatic failure]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2011; 19:214-7. [PMID: 21586242 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2011.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of fulminate hepatic failure (FHF) complicated with spontaneous peritonitis (SBP) through the research of bacteria invading the intestinal mucosa barrier. METHODS 240 BalB/c male mice were divided into four groups as isotonic NS group (n = 40), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group (n = 40), galactosamine (GalN) group (n = 40) and FHF model group (n = 120). Each mouse received same volume of NS, LPS (10 ug/kg), GalN (800 mg/kg) or LPS (10 ug/kg)/GalN (800 mg/kg) intraperitoneal injection according to its group. 8 mice were executed at 2, 6, 9, 12 and 24 hours after injection, respectively, and the liver and intestinal tissue samples were taken at the same time. ALT was measured by automatic biochemical analyzer and was compared between groups using Mann-Whitney U test. Liver and intestinal tissue received HE staining. The ultrastructure of intestinal mucosa and the method by which bacteria invaded the intestinal mucosa were observed by transmission electron microscopy. All data were analyzed by SPSS13.0 statistic software. RESULTS ALT level, results of hepatic pathology, mortality and clinical manifestations of mice in the FHF model group met the diagnostic criteria of FHF. Intestinal tissue was found with slight edema and little inflammatory cells infiltration through HE staining in all the 4 groups of mice 9 hours after injection. Microvilli were found broken, shed and shorten in the intestinal epithelial cells with incomplete tight junction (TJs) and obviously changed organelles in the FHF model group of mice observed by transmission electron microscope. Mass hemorrhagic necrosis of liver cells with remnant liver cells swelling and many inflammatory cells infiltration by HE staining in the FHF model group. But the changes in hepatic pathology and intestinal mucosa ultrastructure were not so obvious in the mice of NS, LPS and GalN groups. Bacteria penetrated the intestinal wall by pinocytosis 6 to 9 hours after injection in the FHF model group, the microvilli were broken off and TJs turned rupture in the areas that the bacteria penetrated. The bacteria were found in the form of cyst 12 hours after injection. CONCLUSION LPS (10 mg/kg)/GalN (800 mg/kg) combined injection was successful in establishing the FHF mice model. The rupture of TJs may provide conditions for intestinal bacteria to penetrate the intestinal mucosa in FHF. Rupture of TJs may be one of the reasons why FHF was complicated with SBP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lv S, Song HL, Zhou Y, Li LX, Cui W, Wang W, Liu P. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha affects blood-brain barrier permeability and tight junction-associated occludin in acute liver failure. Liver Int 2010; 30:1198-210. [PMID: 20492508 DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2010.02211.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral oedema leading to cerebral herniation is a major cause of death during acute liver failure (ALF), but the underlying mechanism is not clear. AIMS We investigated the role of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in changing the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) during ALF. METHODS ALF animal models were generated by administering D-galactosamine (GalN) and lipopolysaccharide, or GalN and TNF-alpha. ALF induction was blocked by first administering anti-TNF-alpha-IgG or anti-TNF-alpha-R1. We investigated the BBB permeability with Evans blue staining, and the structure with electron microscopy. RESULTS BBB permeability increased in ALF mice and correlated with elevated serum TNF-alpha levels. No vascular endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis was detected, but electron microscopy of cells from human and mouse ALF tissues revealed tight junction (TJ) disruptions and EC shrinkage, as well as increased vesicles and vacuoles. In addition, the expression of the TJ-associated protein occludin was significantly decreased in both ALF mice and patients, although the expression of occludin mRNA did not change. Changes in BBB permeability, brain tissue ultrastructure and occludin expression in ALF-induced mice could be prevented by prophylaxis treatment with either antibody to TNF-alpha-IgG or antibody to TNF-alpha-R1. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that TNF-alpha plays a critical role in the development of brain oedema in ALF, and that both vasogenic and cytotoxic mechanisms may be involved. Increased BBB permeability may be because of the disruption of TJs, and loss of the TJ-associated protein occludin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sa Lv
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Liaoning Province, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Song HL, Lv S, Liu P. The roles of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in colon tight junction protein expression and intestinal mucosa structure in a mouse model of acute liver failure. BMC Gastroenterol 2009; 9:70. [PMID: 19772664 PMCID: PMC2761933 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-9-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/22/2009] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a common clinical disease and one of the most severe complications of acute liver failure (ALF). Although the mechanism responsible for SBP is unclear, cytokines play an important role. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) on the structure of the intestinal mucosa and the expression of tight junction (Zona Occludens 1; ZO-1) protein in a mouse model of ALF. Methods We induced ALF using D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide (GalN/LPS) or GalN/TNF-α and assessed the results using transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, ELISA and real-time quantitative PCR. The effects of administration of anti-TNF-α IgG antibody or anti-TNF-α R1 antibody before administration of GalN/LPS or GalN/TNF-α, respectively, on TNF-α were also assessed. Results Morphological abnormalities in the intestinal mucosa of ALF mice were positively correlated with serum TNF-α level. Electron microscopic analysis revealed tight junction (TJ) disruptions, epithelial cell swelling, and atrophy of intestinal villi. Gut bacteria invaded the body at sites where TJ disruptions occurred. Expression of ZO-1 mRNA was significantly decreased in both ALF models, as was the level of ZO-1 protein. Prophylactic treatment with either anti-TNF-α IgG antibody or anti-tumor necrosis factor-a receptor1 (anti-TNF-α R1) antibody prevented changes in intestinal tissue ultrastructure and ZO-1 expression. Conclusion TNF-α affects the structure of the intestinal mucosa, decreases expression of ZO-1, and affects the morphology of the colon in a mouse model of ALF. It also may participate in the pathophysiological mechanism of SBP complicated to ALF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Song HL, Lv S, Liu P. The roles of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in colon tight junction protein expression and intestinal mucosa structure in a mouse model of acute liver failure. BMC Gastroenterol 2009. [PMID: 19772664 DOI: 10.1186/1471- 230x-9-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a common clinical disease and one of the most severe complications of acute liver failure (ALF). Although the mechanism responsible for SBP is unclear, cytokines play an important role. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on the structure of the intestinal mucosa and the expression of tight junction (Zona Occludens 1; ZO-1) protein in a mouse model of ALF. METHODS We induced ALF using D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide (GalN/LPS) or GalN/TNF-alpha and assessed the results using transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, ELISA and real-time quantitative PCR. The effects of administration of anti-TNF-alpha IgG antibody or anti-TNF-alpha R1 antibody before administration of GalN/LPS or GalN/TNF-alpha, respectively, on TNF-alpha were also assessed. RESULTS Morphological abnormalities in the intestinal mucosa of ALF mice were positively correlated with serum TNF-alpha level. Electron microscopic analysis revealed tight junction (TJ) disruptions, epithelial cell swelling, and atrophy of intestinal villi. Gut bacteria invaded the body at sites where TJ disruptions occurred. Expression of ZO-1 mRNA was significantly decreased in both ALF models, as was the level of ZO-1 protein. Prophylactic treatment with either anti-TNF-alpha IgG antibody or anti-tumor necrosis factor-a receptor1 (anti-TNF-alpha R1) antibody prevented changes in intestinal tissue ultrastructure and ZO-1 expression. CONCLUSION TNF-alpha affects the structure of the intestinal mucosa, decreases expression of ZO-1, and affects the morphology of the colon in a mouse model of ALF. It also may participate in the pathophysiological mechanism of SBP complicated to ALF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
AIM: To explore the alterations of intestinal mucosa morphology, and the effects of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) on enterocyte apoptosis in mice with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF).
METHODS: Liver damage was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/TNF-α in D-galactosamine (GalN) sensitized BALB/c mice. There were 40 mice in normal saline (NS)-treated group, 40 mice in LPS-treated group, 40 mice in GalN-treated group, 120 mice in GalN/ LPS-treated group and 120 mice in GalN/ TNFα-treated group. Each group was divided into five subgroups of eight mice each. Serum samples and liver, intestinal tissues were respectively obtained at 2, 6, 9, 12 and 24 h after administration. Anti-TNFα monoclonal antibody was injected intravenously into GalN/LPS-treated mice. Serum TNFα levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Serum ALT levels were determined using an automatic analyzer. The intestinal tissues were studied under light microscope and electron microscope at 2, 6, 9, 12 and 24 h in mice with fulminant hepatic failure, respectively. Enterocyte apoptosis was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method. The expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) in intestinal tissue was tested by immunohistochemistry Envision Two Steps.
RESULTS: Gut mucosa was morphologically normal at all time points in all groups, but typical apoptotic cells could be seen in all experimental groups under electron micro-scope. Apoptosis rate of gut mucosal epithelial cells were significantly increased at 6, 9 and 12 h, peaked at 12 h in mice with fulminant hepatic failure. TNFα induced apoptosis of enterocytes in mice with FHF. The integrated OD (IOD) levels of TNFα receptor 1 protein expressed in the intestine of mice with GalN/LPS and GalN/ TNFα-induced FHF at 2, 6, 9, 12 and 24 h after GalN/LPS and GalN/TNFα administration were 169.54±52.62/905.79±111.84, 11350.67±2133.26/28160.37±4601.67, 25781.00±2277.75/122352.30±49412.40, 5241.53±3007.24/49157.93±9804.88, 7086.13±1031.15/3283.45±127.67, respectively, compared with those in control groups (with NS, LPS and GalN administration, respectively). IOD level of TNFR1 changed significantly at 6, 9 and 12 h after GalN/LPS and GalN/TNFα administration. The expression of TNFR1 protein was significantly higher at 9 h after GalN/LPS and GalN/TNFα administration than that in control groups. Protein expression of TNFR1 was positively correlated with enterocyte apoptosis.
CONCLUSION: TNFα can induce apoptosis of enterocytes in mice with FHF. Anti-TNFα IgG can inhibit this role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Song HL, Lü S, Liu P. [Tumor necrosis factor alpha and enterocyte apoptosis in mice with fulminant hepatic failure]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2005; 13:290-3. [PMID: 15850520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) on enterocyte apoptosis in the experimental model of fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). METHODS Liver damage was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/TNFalpha in D-galactosamine (GalN) sensitized BALB/c mice. Serum TNFalpha levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The intestinal tissues were studied micro- and ultra-microscopically at 2 h, 6 h, 9 h, 12 h and 24 h time points in mice with fulminant hepatic failure. Enterocyte apoptosis was determined by TUNEL method. The TNFR I expression in the intestinal tissue was tested by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS (1) Gut mucosa was morphologically normal at every time point in all groups, but typical apoptotic cells could be seen in the experimental groups under the electron microscope. Apoptosis rate of gut mucosal epithelial cells was significantly increased at 6 h (large intestine: 6.47e(-3)+/-2.91e(-4); small intestine: 6.64e(-3)+/-3.78e(-4)), 9 h (large intestine: 6.81e(+4)+/-7.41e(+3); small intestine: 2.58e(+4)+/-2.28e(+3)) and 12 h (large intestine: 4.92e(+4)+/-9.80e(+3); small intestine: 5.24e(+4)+/-3.01e(+3)), and peaked at 12 h in mice with FHF. (2) TNFalpha induced apoptosis of enterocytes in mice with FHF. Anti-TNFalpha inhibited this effect. (3) The integrated OD (IOD) levels of TNFalpha receptor I protein expressed differently in the intestine of mice with GalN/LPS and GalN/ TNFalpha-induced FHF at 9 h after GalN/LPS and GalN/ TNFalpha administration, in comparison with those of the control groups. IOD level of TNFRI changed significantly at 6 h (large intestine: 2.82e(+4)+/-4.60e(+3); small intestine: 1.14e(+4)+/-2.13e(+3)), 9 h (large intestine: 6.81e(+4)+/-7.41e(+3); small intestine: 2.58e(+4)+/-2.28e(+3)) and 12 (large intestine: 4.92e(+4)+/-9.80e(+3); small intestine: 5.24e(+4)+/-3.01e(+3)) hours after GalN/LPS and GalN/ TNFa administration. The expression of TNFR1 protein was significantly higher at 9 and 12 h after GalN/LPS and GalN/TNFa administration than other time points. Protein expression of TNFR1 was positively correlated with enterocyte apoptosis. CONCLUSION TNFa can induce enterocyte apoptosis in mice with FHF. Anti- TNFalpha IgG can inhibit this role. Excessive TNFRI expression of enterocyte in fulminant hepatic failure can be induced by TNFa, which suggests that TNFalpha can induce apoptosis of enterocyte by up-regulation of TNFRI protein expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Song HL, Lu S, Ma L, Li Y, Liu P. Effect of TNF-α on tight junctions between the epithelial cells of intestinal mucosal barrier. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12:1303-1306. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v12.i6.1303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of TNF-α on tight junctions between the epithelial cells of the intestinal mucosal barrier.
METHODS: Colon cancer cell line (CaCo-2) was cultured. The localizations of zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1) in CaCo-2 epithelial cells were detected by immunofluorescence after exposure to TNF-α (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg/L) for 24 h and the TNF-α treatment with 100 mg/L for 0, 4, 8 and 24 h. The expression level of ZO-1 was analyzed by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR after exposure to TNF-α with the above time and concentration.
RESULTS: Different expression levels of ZO-1 depended on different time and concentration of TNF-α treated on CaCo-2 epithelial cells. The integrity of tight junctions was disrupted and the expression level of ZO-1 decreased after treatment with TNF-α. The intensity of the immunofluorescent signal was less intensive after exposure to TNF-α 100 and 200 mg/L than that to 0 and 50 mg/L. The intensity of the immunofluorescent signal was less intensive after exposure to TNF-α 100 mg/L for 24 hours than those for 0 h, 4 h and 8 h. The RT-PCR results showed that after CaCo-2 cells were treated for 24h with the indicated concentrations (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg/L) of TNF-α and the TNF-α treatment with 100 mg/L for 0 h, 4 h, 8 h and 24 h, the expression levels of ZO-1 mRNA in CaCo-2 cells were decreased by TNF-α with 100 mg/L for 24 h, as compared with control (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: Tight junctions between the epithelial cells of the intestinal mucosal barrier can be destroyed by TNF-α, and decreased expression level of ZO-1 induced by TNF-α is one of the most important molecular mechanisms.
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
AIM: To study the permeability of the blood brain barrier (BBB) in a mouse model of acute liver necrosis.
METHODS: Male Balb/c mice were divided into 4 groups. In one group, mice were intraperitoneal of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10mg/kg) with D-galactosamine (GalN, 800 mg/kg) to induce acute liver necrosis. Other groups were controls. Serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) were determined and the liver tissues were fixed for histopathological analysis. The permeability of BBB in mice was investigated with Evans blue (EB).
RESULTS: The serum levels of ALT were increased mildly in mice, which were administration of LPS or GalN alone. And no animals died. But the levels of ALT began to increase at 6 hours (41.89±14.57 mat/L), and reached a maximal level at 12 hours (170.30±16.13 mat/L) after injection with both LPS and GalN. Mice began to die at 6 hours, and at 9 hours after injection, the rate of lethality reached an extremely high level of 66.6%. The liver became massive or submassive necrosis. The concentration of EB in brain was significantly increased in ALF models compared with other groups.
CONCLUSION: The permeability of BBB is increased in acute liver necrosis model. It may be the mechanism of the brain edema.
Collapse
|
34
|
Hong CJ, Yu YW, Lin CH, Song HL, Lai HC, Yang KH, Tsai SJ. Association study of apolipoprotein E epsilon4 with clinical phenotype and clozapine response in schizophrenia. Neuropsychobiology 2001; 42:172-4. [PMID: 11096331 DOI: 10.1159/000026689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenic patients with the apolipoprotein E (APOE = gene; apoE = protein) epsilon4 allele exhibited lower psychosis scores than patients without the epsilon4 allele in previous reports. The present study tested the hypothesis that the APOE epsilon4 allele confers association with the clinical manifestations of schizophrenia or clozapine response. A total of 95 schizophrenic patients who were treatment resistant were included in the study. The results demonstrated that the presence of the APOE epsilon4 allele did not influence the response to clozapine in schizophrenic patients, neither was the baseline psychopathology related to the APOE epsilon4 allele. Given the multiple functions of the apoE protein in the brain, further study of the influence of APOE on CNS medication response is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C J Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Song HL, Jenkins GJ, Ashby J, Tinwell H, Parry JM. The application of the restriction site mutation assay to compare 1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea-induced mutations between the endogenous p53 gene and the transgenic LacZ gene in MutaMouse testes. Mutagenesis 2001; 16:59-64. [PMID: 11139599 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/16.1.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic mouse modelling has provided a new approach to study the various steps involved in spontaneous and induced mutagenesis in rodent somatic and germline tissues in vivo. However, the important question arises as to whether mutations occur at the same rate in transgenes as in endogenous genes. Here, the restriction site mutation (RSM) assay was used to study mutations induced in the endogenous p53 gene and LacZ transgene of MutaMouse testes treated with 1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea (ENU). The aim of these experiments was to compare mutation susceptibility between the endogenous p53 gene and the integrated LacZ gene in the transgenic mouse. ENU-treated and control testes were analysed 102 days after treatment; a total of 297 RSM analyses were performed on ENU-treated and untreated testis DNA. Ten mutational events were detected in the p53 gene (exon 5 and intron 8), two of which occurred in untreated animals and probably represent spontaneous events. Only a single mutation was detected in the LacZ gene of an ENU-treated animal by the RSM assay. Thus the RSM assay can readily detect ENU-induced mutations in the p53 gene, but not in the LacZ transgene. Comparison of the LacZ RSM mutation data with results from a previous study of identically dosed MutaMice in the transgenic selection assay [Ashby, J., Gorelick,N.J. and Shelby,M.D. (1997) Mutat. Res., 388, 111-122] showed that LacZ mutations were far more readily recovered with the MutaMouse transgenic selection assay than by RSM analysis. The reason for the relative inability of the RSM assay to detect LacZ mutations may be the smaller target size of the RSM analysis compared with the transgenic selection assay (16 bases compared with 3000 bases). Taking into account the different target sizes by calculating the mutation frequency per base allowed the RSM data regarding p53 and LacZ to be compared with previously published data from transgenic selection assays. These studies demonstrated that the p53 mutations were present at mutation frequencies (per base) 5- to 70-fold higher than the LacZ gene mutations. In addition, the LacZ mutation frequency per base found in the RSM was an order of magnitude higher than that found in the transgenic selection assay. The transgenic selection assay is more sensitive per locus (due to the larger target of the LacZ gene), as evidenced by ability to detect ENU-induced testes mutations readily.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H L Song
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Aberystwyth, Aberystwyth, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Tsai SJ, Hong CJ, Yu YW, Lin CH, Song HL, Lai HC, Yang KH. Association study of a functional serotonin transporter gene polymorphism with schizophrenia, psychopathology and clozapine response. Schizophr Res 2000; 44:177-81. [PMID: 10962219 DOI: 10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00170-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin is implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Following serotonin release, the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) is the major determinant of serotonin inactivation. The present study tested the hypothesis that a biallelic polymorphism in the 5' regulatory region of the 5-HTT gene (5-HTTLPR) confers susceptibility to schizophrenia, association with the clinical manifestations of schizophrenia or clozapine response. 90 treatment-resistant schizophrenic patients were assessed using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale before and after clozapine treatment. The results demonstrated that the 5-HTTLPR variants did not play a major role in the susceptibility, clinical manifestations or clozapine response in schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S J Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans General Hospital Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Schizophrenic disorders are complex genetic disorders and may involve multiple genes of small effect. The presence of apolipoprotein E (apoE) is associated with several neuropsychiatric disorders. Previous studies on apoE genotype distribution in schizophrenia have reported conflicting findings. We studied the genotype frequencies in a large group of schizophrenic patients. The genotype distribution was significantly different between the schizophrenic patients and the control subjects. Persons who were sigma3 carriers have an increased risk of schizophrenia. This result suggests that apoE isoforms may play a functional role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenic disorders. Some possible mechanisms regarding the effect of apoE on the development of schizophrenia are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Y Chen
- Section of Psychiatry, Yu-Li Veterans Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hong CJ, Tsai SJ, Cheng CY, Liao WY, Song HL, Lai HC. Association analysis of the 5-HT(6) receptor polymorphism (C267T) in mood disorders. Am J Med Genet 1999; 88:601-2. [PMID: 10581475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The serotonergic system is implicated in the etiology of mood disorders. Among those most recently discovered serotonin receptors, the relative abundance of serotonin type 6 receptor (5-HT(6)) in the limbic area and the high affinity of some antidepressants to 5-HT(6) receptors suggest that this receptor might be involved in the pathogenesis of mood disorders. In a population-based association study, we tested the hypothesis that the allelic variant (C267T) of the human 5-HT(6) gene confers susceptibility to mood disorders. We genotyped the 5-HT(6) receptor in 139 patients with mood disorders and 147 controls. The results demonstrated that there were no significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies between controls and all patients, or between controls and patients with bipolar disorders or major depression, separately. Am. J. Med. Genet. (Neuropsychiatr. Genet.) 88:601-602, 1999.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C J Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Serotonergic dysfunction has been implicated in mood disorders and suicidal behaviors. This study examined the association between a serotonin-2A (5HT2A) receptor gene polymorphism (102T/C) and mood disorders. The genotype and allele frequencies did not differ between patients with mood disorders and control subjects. Furthermore, the 102T/C polymorphism was not found to be associated with suicidal history in mood disorder patients. Our results suggest that this polymorphism is unlikely to play a role in the genetic susceptibility to mood disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- SJ Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chiu HJ, Tsai SJ, Chen JY, Lin CY, Bai YM, Song HL, Lai HC, Hong CJ. No association between an intronic presenilin-1 gene polymorphism and schizophrenia in a Chinese population. Psychiatry Res 1999; 87:245-8. [PMID: 10579558 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-1781(99)00066-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the association between schizophrenic psychosis and an intronic polymorphism of the presenilin-1 (PS1) gene in a Chinese population. Schizophrenic and control groups had similar PS1 genotype distributions and allele frequencies, indicating that this polymorphism may not be involved in the development of schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- HJ Chiu
- Yu-Li Veterans Hospital, Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Chiu HJ, Hong CJ, Chen JY, Wang YC, Lin CY, Bai YM, Song HL, Lai HC, Tsai SJ. Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin polymorphism in schizophrenia: frequency, age at onset and cognitive function. Neuropsychobiology 1999; 40:71-4. [PMID: 10474060 DOI: 10.1159/000026600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A common polymorphism in the alpha1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) gene is associated with Alzheimer's disease. ACT is also a trophic factor in the hippocampal neurons. In order to examine if the ACT gene plays a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenic disorders, patients (n = 175) and control subjects (n = 114) were genotyped for ACT. We also investigated the relationship between genotypes and patients' cognitive function as evaluated by the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale and the Mini-Mental State Examination. The results demonstrated no association between schizophrenia and/or cognitive deficit in schizophrenia and ACT polymorphism. The data suggest that the ACT gene is not of major importance for the genesis of schizophrenia. Further studies measuring ACT expression as messenger RNA or serum ACT level may help to exclude the role of ACT in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H J Chiu
- Section of Psychiatry, Yu-Li Veterans Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hong CJ, Song HL, Lai HC, Tsai SJ, Hsiao KJ. Methanol/acetone treatment helps the amplification of FMR1 CGG repeat fragment in dried blood spots from Guthrie cards. Lancet 1999; 353:1153-4. [PMID: 10209984 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(99)00172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
43
|
Lin CH, Tsai SJ, Yu YW, Song HL, Tu PC, Sim CB, Hsu CP, Yang KH, Hong CJ. No evidence for association of serotonin-2A receptor variant (102T/C) with schizophrenia or clozapine response in a Chinese population. Neuroreport 1999; 10:57-60. [PMID: 10094133 DOI: 10.1097/00001756-199901180-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The serotonin hypothesis in schizophrenia had regained interest with the superior efficacy of clozapine in the refractory schizophrenic patients. Among the serotonin receptors, the serotonin 2A (5HT2A) receptor subtype is the most widely studied. Previous studies on the association between a silent mutation polymorphism of the 5HT2A gene (102T/C) and schizophrenia or clozapine response have yielded conflicting findings. Therefore, we investigated whether these genetic variants of the 5HT2A receptor are associated with schizophrenia or with response to clozapine treatment in a Chinese population. Ninety-seven schizophrenic patients and 101 control subjects were included in the study. The receptor variants were found at similar frequencies in schizophrenic patients and healthy control subjects. Also, we did not find the variants to influence the response to clozapine in schizophrenic patients. We suggest that the assessment method of clozapine response and the ethnicity may influence the result.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C H Lin
- Kai-Suan Psychiatric Hospital, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zheng RZ, Song HL, Xin J, Zhu SX, Gao XH. [The behaviour of rabbit ICM in culture system in vitro]. Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao 1995; 28:1-15. [PMID: 7597864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The behaviour of ICMs isolated from early blastocysts of rabbit by microsurgery and incubated in cultural system in vitro, are varied according to the growing state of ICM. The band type growing extends from the proximal to the distal end, while the differentiation of cells in this kind initiates from the distal toward the proximal and gradually. The band type ICM possesses obvious polarity. The differentiation of different kind of cells appear one after another in order and the arrangement of differentiated germinal layer are clearcut. Therefore, the band type ICM is a good model for the investigation of differentiation cell and cell lineage. Whereas the ball type of growing ICM possesses no polarity. The cell in this type of ICM appears to differentiate from the outer surface of the ball toward the center gradually. The cellular differentiation starts later and the rate of proliferation of differentiated cells are lower than those of the band type ICM. After 7 days of incubation in vitro most of the ICM remain undifferentiation. The ball type ICM is a good model for the isolation of the embryonic stem cell line. There are two steps that the extraembryonic endoderm of rabbit are differentiated from ICM. The first kind of extraembryonic endoderm formed from ICM after 3 days of incubation in vitro. It is the parietal extraembryonic endoderm which migrate so far from the primitive ectoderm. The second kind of extraembryonic endoderm differentiates from ICM after 4 days of incubation in vitro. It is the visceral endoderm, most of which followed the migration of the first endoderm and the rest of them invade into the trophectoderm near the primitive ectoderm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Z Zheng
- Institute of Developmental Biology, Academia Sinica, Peking
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|