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Chen S, Saqib M, Khan HS, Bai Y, Ashfaq UA, Mansoor MK, Moming A, Liu J, Zhou M, Niazi SK, Wu Q, Sial AUR, Tang S, Sarfraz MH, Javed A, Hayat S, Khurshid M, Khan I, Athar MA, Taj Z, Zhang B, Deng F, Zohaib A, Shen S. Risk of infection with arboviruses in a healthy population in Pakistan based on seroprevalence. Virol Sin 2024:S1995-820X(24)00037-3. [PMID: 38599520 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by arboviruses are a public health concern in Pakistan. However, the studies on data prevalence and threats posed by arboviruses are limited. This study investigated the seroprevalence of arboviruses in a healthy population in Pakistan, including severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), Tamdy virus (TAMV), and Karshi virus (KSIV) based on a newly established luciferase immunoprecipitation system (LIPS) assays, and Zika virus (ZIKV) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Neutralizing activities against these arboviruses were further examined from the antibody positive samples. The results showed that the seroprevalence of SFTSV, CCHFV, TAMV, KSIV, and ZIKV was 17.37%, 7.58%, 4.41%, 1.10%, and 6.48%, respectively, and neutralizing to SFTSV (1.79%), CCHFV (2.62%), and ZIKV (0.69%) were identified, as well as to the SFTSV-related Guertu virus (GTV, 0.83%). Risk factors associated with the incidence of exposure and levels of antibody response were analyzed. Moreover, co-exposure to different arboviruses was demonstrated, as thirty-seven individuals were having antibodies against multiple viruses and thirteen showed neutralizing activity. Males, individuals aged ≤40 years, and outdoor workers had high risk of exposure to arboviruses. All these results reveal the substantial risks of infection with arboviruses in Pakistan, and indicate the threat from co-exposure to multiple arboviruses. The findings raise the need for further epidemiologic investigation in expanded regions and populations and the necessity to improve health surveillance in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | | | - Yuan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid Mansoor
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Abulimti Moming
- Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | | | - Qiaoli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Awais-Ur-Rahman Sial
- Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Shuang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Muhammad Hassan Sarfraz
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Sumreen Hayat
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Khurshid
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Iahtasham Khan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore Sub-campus, Jhang 35200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ammar Athar
- Department of Molecular Pathology, National Medical Center DHA Phase 1, Karachi 75500, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Taj
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Fei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Ali Zohaib
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Shu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan 430200, China.
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Ali HM, Hussain S, Ahmad MZ, Siddique AB, Ali S, Mohiuddin M, Ehsan M, Nadeem M, Qayyum A, Hussain R, Khan I, A. Al Farraj D, Alzaidi E. Molecular identification of different toxinogenic strains of Clostridium perfringens and histo-pathological observations of camels died of per-acute entero-toxaemia. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27859. [PMID: 38533056 PMCID: PMC10963320 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxaemia is a severe disease caused by Clostridium perfringens and render high mortality and huge economic losses in livestock. However, scanty information and only few cases are reported about the presence and patho-physiology of enterotoxaemia in camels. The bacterium induces per-acute death in animals due to rapid production of different lethal toxins. The necropsy of camels (per-acute = 15, acute = 3) was conducted at 18 outbreaks of enterotoxaemia in camels in the desert area of Bahawalpur region. At necropsy, the serosal surfaces of visceral organs in the abdominal, peritoneal and thoracic cavities were found to have petechiation with severe congestion. Moreover, both the cut-sections of different visceral organs and the histo-pathological analysis revealed the pathological lesions in heart, lungs, kidneys, spleen, small and large intestines. Grossly, the kidneys were severely congested, hyperemic, swollen and softer in consistency. Under the microscope, different sections of kidneys indicated that the convulated and straight tubules were studded with erythrocytes. In the intestines, there were stunting fusion of crypts and villi. Similarly, various histo-pathological ailments were also observed in the heart, lungs and spleen. At blood agar, the collected samples showed beta hemolytic colonies of C. perfringens that appeared as medium sized rods microscopically and stained positively on Gram staining. Multiplex PCR revealed C. perfringens type A (α and β2 genes) and D (epsilon gene) and the deaths were found to be significantly higher due to C. perfringens type D compared to those by C. perfringens type A. Hence, it has been concluded that enterotoxaemia in camel affects multiple organs and becomes fatal, if occurred due to C. perfringens type D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Muhammad Ali
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Shujaat Hussain
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zishan Ahmad
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Abu Baker Siddique
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sultan Ali
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mudassar Mohiuddin
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Muhammad Ehsan
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qayyum
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Iahtasham Khan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sub-campus, Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
| | - Dunia A. Al Farraj
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enshad Alzaidi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Khan M, Khan I, Tauseef I, Haleem KS, Shah TA, Naz S, Nazir N, Aziz T, Thamer HA. Cloning and periplasmic soluble expression of hepatitis B surface antigen gene in Escherichia coli. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:11734-11745. [PMID: 38164836 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202312_34770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to clone and express the hepatitis B surface antigen gene (HBsAg) in Escherichia coli (E. coli), thereby aiming to develop potential local therapeutics for combating Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the Pakistani community by producing HBsAg in E. coli. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood serum samples were collected from hepatitis B-infected patients, and their genomic DNA was extracted. Real-time and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify the HBsAg gene. The gene of interest was cloned into the pET20b expression vector and transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) using Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) induction. The gene's precise size was confirmed with gene-specific external and internal primers (681 bp and 400 bp, respectively). RESULTS The HBsAg gene was successfully sequenced and submitted to GenBank, exhibiting 98% homology with targeted HBV sequences worldwide. The expression of HBsAg protein was confirmed through silver staining, Coomassie staining, western blot, and dot blot analysis. CONCLUSIONS The expressed protein clones are now available for further development as a local recombinant DNA vaccine to prevent hepatitis B viral infection in the local community.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Hazara University, Garden Campus, Mansehra, Pakistan.
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Shahid M, Hussain R, Nawaz Z, Aslam B, Ahmad MZ, Siddique AB, Ahsan H, Fatima A, Khan I, Mustafa B, Iqbal R, Al Syaad KM, Shami A. Occurrence of Virulence Genes among Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Subclinical Bovine Mastitis. ACS Omega 2023; 8:38111-38117. [PMID: 37867719 PMCID: PMC10586173 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus-induced subclinical mastitis holds significant implications for public health. This specific microorganism possesses a wide array of pathogenic factors that enable it to adhere to, colonize, invade, and infect the host. The objective of the current study was to assess the prevalence of S. aureus, determine antimicrobial resistance patterns, and identify virulence genes of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains responsible for subclinical mastitis in bovines. A total of 249 milk samples were collected from various farms in the district of Faisalabad. The presence of subclinical mastitis was assessed by using the California mastitis test. Positive milk samples (n = 100) were then subjected to standard microbiological techniques for isolation and identification of S. aureus. Antibiogram analysis was conducted by using the disc diffusion method to assess antimicrobial resistance. For the molecular detection of S. aureus and its virulence genes, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed with species-specific primers. The overall prevalence of S. aureus was found to be 40% (40/100), which was confirmed through molecular detection of the nuc gene in 40/40 (100%) of samples using PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests indicated the highest susceptibility to vancomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, erythromycin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and chloramphenicol, while the highest resistance rate was observed against tetracycline. Additionally, 30% of samples (12/40) tested positive for methicillin resistance. PCR analysis revealed that 100% of MRSA-tested isolates harbored the mecA and clfA genes. Furthermore, the MRSA isolates showed the presence of pvl, hla, hlb, sec, icaA, icaD, icaB, and icaC genes at rates of 92, 75, 67, 42, 42, 75, 8, and 25%, respectively. These findings underscore the need for stricter aseptic control in dairy farms to prevent disease transmission between animals and ensure the production of safe and uncontaminated food for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shahid
- Institute
of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Department
of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Nawaz
- Institute
of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Aslam
- Institute
of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zishan Ahmad
- Department
Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Abu Baker Siddique
- Institute
of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Hira Ahsan
- Institute
of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Aiman Fatima
- Institute
of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics University of the Punjab Lahore, Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Iahtasham Khan
- Section
of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore Sub-Campus, Jhang 35200, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Mustafa
- University
of Oxford, Department of Biology, Wildlife
Conservation Research Unit (WildCRU), Oxford Ox13 5QL, U.K.
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department
of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Khalid M. Al Syaad
- Biology
Department, College of Science, King Khalid
University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashwag Shami
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Khan I, Lee Z, Zwart A, Rechter T, Tettey J, Danner M, Ayoob MJ, Yung T, Kumar D, Li H, Suy S, Collins SP. Low Incidence of Late Lymphopenia Following Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e400. [PMID: 37785339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is increasing in use for the treatment of localized prostate cancer. The utilization of highly conformal photon therapy such as SBRT may increase the whole-body integral dose. Lymphocytes are very radiation sensitive. This dose increase could lead to unintended consequences such as lymphopenia. Prior studies have shown that lymphopenia following radiation therapy may negatively impact long-term outcomes. This study sought to evaluate the incidence and timeline of chronic lymphopenia following prostate SBRT. MATERIALS/METHODS Institutional IRB (IRB#: 2012-1175) approval was obtained. The absolute lymphocyte count was measured 1-2 hours prior to robotic SBRT (35-36.25 Gy in 5 fractions) and at each follow-up (3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months). Lymphopenia was graded using the CTCAEv.4: Grade 1 (1.0-0.8 k/μl), Grade 2 (0.8-0.5 k/μl), Grade 3 (0.5-0.2 k/μl) and Grade 4 (<0.2 k/μl). Late lymphopenia was defined as lymphopenia occurring 3 or more months post-SBRT. RESULTS From 2019 to 2022, 198 localized prostate cancer patients (23 low-, 148 intermediate-, and 27 high-risk according to the D'Amico classification) at a median age of 73.5 years were treated with SBRT (35-36.25 Gy) at Georgetown University Hospital on a prospective clinical trial. Baseline lymphopenia was uncommon: Grade 1 (3.5%), Grade 2 (1.5%) and Grade 3 (0%). The baseline ALC of 1.9 k/μl decreased to 1.5 k/μl at 3 months post-SBRT and then remained stable for the remainder of the two-year follow-up. Overall, 14.6% of men experienced lymphopenia in the two years following SBRT: Grade 1 (7.6%), Grade 2 (6.6%) and Grade 3 (0.5%). No patient experienced Grade 4 lymphopenia. CONCLUSION Prostate SBRT leads to a low rate of late lymphopenia with the vast majority of toxicities being low grade. The peak incidence occurred at 3 months post-SBRT. Resolution of lymphopenia occurs in most patients within two years after SBRT. Future studies should explore the possible impact on quality of life and cancer control outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Khan
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Z Lee
- Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - A Zwart
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - T Rechter
- Georgetown University Hospital Department of Radiation Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - J Tettey
- University of Maryland College Park School of Public Health, College Park, MD
| | - M Danner
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - M J Ayoob
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - T Yung
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - D Kumar
- Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC
| | - H Li
- Georgetown University Department of Oncology, Washington, DC
| | - S Suy
- Department of Radiation Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - S P Collins
- Department of Radiation Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
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Rasool A, Farooq S, Kumar S, Kashoo ZA, Dar PA, Bhat MA, Qureshi S, Hussain I, Shah RA, Taku A, Khan I, Hassan MN. Evidence of novel Treponema phylotypes implicated in contagious ovine digital dermatitis and association of treponemes with major lameness causing foot pathogens. Microb Pathog 2023; 182:106214. [PMID: 37423496 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study 269 swabs collected from 254 ovine foot lesions and 15 apparently healthy ovine feet were screened by PCR for the presence of major lameness causing foot pathogens viz. Treponema species, D. nodosus, F. necrophorum and T. pyogenes with the presumption that ovine foot lesion positive for Treponema species alone or in association with other three pathogens were categorized as contagious ovine digital dermatitis (CODD). While samples positive for D. nodosus alone or its combination with F. necrophorum and T. pyogenes were considered as footrot (FR) and samples in which F. necrophorum or T. pyogenes was found either alone or in combination were considered as interdigital dermatitis (ID). The overall occurrence of Treponema sp. in ovine foot lesions was 48.0%, and ranged from 33 to 58%. In Treponema positive samples D. nodosus, F. necrophorum and T. pyogenes were present in 34 (27.4%), 66 (54.4%) and 84 (68.5%) in contrast to Treponema negative samples in which these were present in 15 (11.1%), 20 (14.12%) and 17 (12.6%) samples, respectively. The data signifies that Treponema sp. are significantly associated with these foot pathogens and their different combinations with Treponema sp. influence the severity of CODD lesion. The identification of Treponema phylotypes was done by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene fragment of ten representative samples. Out of ten sequences, four (Trep-2, Trep-4, Trep-7 and Trep-10) were identical to Treponema sp. phylotype 1 (PT1) that belongs to phylogroup T. refringens-like, one sequence (Trep-1) was genetically close (90% sequence homology) to Treponema brennaborense while five sequences (Trep-3, Trep-5, Trep-6, Trep-8 and Trep-9) matched with uncultured bacterium clones of treponemes forming separate monophyletic group in phylogenetic tree and could represent new digital dermatitis phylogroup presently containing five ovine specific phylotypes. This is the first report on the presence of Treponema phylotypes other than three digital dermatitis (DD) Treponema phylogroups viz. T. phagedenis-like, T. medium/T. vincentii-like, and T. pedis-like that are frequently detected in CODD lesions. Metagenomic analysis of two representative samples revealed the abundance of genus Treponema in CODD lesion while this genus was absent in swab collected from clinically healthy foot suggesting that it might play primary role in producing CODD. These findings may further aid in understanding the etiopathogenesis of CODD and could help to develop appropriate treatment and mitigation strategies to combat the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rasool
- Anaerobic Bacteriology Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, SKUAST-K, Shuhama (Alusteng), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - S Farooq
- Anaerobic Bacteriology Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, SKUAST-K, Shuhama (Alusteng), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India.
| | - S Kumar
- Anaerobic Bacteriology Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, SKUAST-K, Shuhama (Alusteng), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Z A Kashoo
- Anaerobic Bacteriology Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, SKUAST-K, Shuhama (Alusteng), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - P A Dar
- Anaerobic Bacteriology Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, SKUAST-K, Shuhama (Alusteng), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - M A Bhat
- Anaerobic Bacteriology Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, SKUAST-K, Shuhama (Alusteng), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - S Qureshi
- Anaerobic Bacteriology Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, SKUAST-K, Shuhama (Alusteng), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - I Hussain
- Anaerobic Bacteriology Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, SKUAST-K, Shuhama (Alusteng), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - R A Shah
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, SKUAST-K, Shuhama (Alusteng), Srinagar, India
| | - A Taku
- Division of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry,R.S. Pura, SKUAST-Jammu, 181102, India
| | - I Khan
- Division of Agri. Statistics, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - M N Hassan
- Animal Science, KVK-Budgam, SKUAST-K, India
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Khan I, Kaempf A, Raghuwanshi S, Chesnokov M, Zhang X, Wang Z, Domling A, Tyner JW, Camacho C, Gartel AL. Favorable outcomes of NPM1 mut AML patients are due to transcriptional inactivation of FOXM1, presenting a new target to overcome chemoresistance. Blood Cancer J 2023; 13:128. [PMID: 37607920 PMCID: PMC10444844 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-023-00898-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Kaempf
- OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - S Raghuwanshi
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Chesnokov
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - X Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Z Wang
- The Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN) of Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - A Domling
- The Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN) of Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - J W Tyner
- OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - C Camacho
- Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - A L Gartel
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Khan MS, Buzdar SA, Hussain R, Alouffi A, Aleem MT, Farhab M, Javid MA, Akhtar RW, Khan I, Almutairi MM. Cobalt Iron Oxide (CoFe 2O 4) Nanoparticles Induced Toxicity in Rabbits. Vet Sci 2023; 10:514. [PMID: 37624302 PMCID: PMC10459303 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10080514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The market for nanoparticles has grown significantly over the past few decades due to a number of unique qualities, including antibacterial capabilities. It is still unclear how nanoparticle toxicity works. In order to ascertain the toxicity of synthetic cobalt iron oxide (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles (CIONPs) in rabbits, this study was carried out. Sixteen rabbits in total were purchased from the neighborhood market and divided into two groups (A and B), each of which contained eight rabbits. The CIONPs were synthesized by the co-precipitation method. Crystallinity and phase identification were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The average size of the nanoparticles (13.2 nm) was calculated by Scherrer formula (Dhkl = 0.9 λ/β cos θ) and confirmed by TEM images. The saturation magnetization, 50.1 emug-1, was measured by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). CIONPs were investigated as contrast agents (CA) for magnetic resonance images (MRI). The relaxivity (r = 1/T) of the MRI was also investigated at a field strength of 0.35 T (Tesla), and the ratio r2/r1 for the CIONPs contrast agent was 6.63. The CIONPs were administrated intravenously into the rabbits through the ear vein. Blood was collected at days 5 and 10 post-exposure for hematological and serum biochemistry analyses. The intensities of the signal experienced by CA with CIONPs were 1427 for the liver and 1702 for the spleen. The treated group showed significantly lower hematological parameters, but significantly higher total white blood cell counts and neutrophils. The results of the serum biochemistry analyses showed significantly higher and lower quantities of different serum biochemical parameters in the treated rabbits at day 10 of the trial. At the microscopic level, different histological ailments were observed in the visceral organs of treated rabbits, including the liver, kidneys, spleen, heart, and brain. In conclusion, the results revealed that cobalt iron oxide (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles induced toxicity via alterations in multiple tissues of rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid Khan
- Institute of Physics, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (M.S.K.); (S.A.B.); (M.A.J.)
| | - Saeed Ahmad Buzdar
- Institute of Physics, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (M.S.K.); (S.A.B.); (M.A.J.)
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Abdulaziz Alouffi
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Tahir Aleem
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, College of Sciences and Health Professions, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA;
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Muhammad Farhab
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Muhammad Arshad Javid
- Institute of Physics, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (M.S.K.); (S.A.B.); (M.A.J.)
| | - Rana Waseem Akhtar
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Iahtasham Khan
- Section of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang Sub-Campus University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Mashal M. Almutairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Khan I. Anterior epistaxis and sedation. Br Dent J 2023; 235:233. [PMID: 37620458 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-6239-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Khan
- Midlands Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, West Midlands, United Kingdom.
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Beirat A, Zaghlol L, Emran J, Khan I, Dhillon V, Menakuru S. A Rare Case of Lung Adenocarcinoma With Oligometastasis to the Right Thigh. A74. RARE CASES IN THORACIC ONCOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2023.207.1_meetingabstracts.a2401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A.F. Beirat
- Internal Medicine, IUSM Ball Memorial Hospital, Muncie, IN, United States
| | - L.Y. Zaghlol
- Internal Medicine, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, NW Washington, DC, United States
| | - J. Emran
- Internal Medicine, IUSM Ball Memorial Hospital, Muncie, IN, United States
| | - I. Khan
- Internal Medicine, IUSM Ball Memorial Hospital, Muncie, IN, United States
| | - V. Dhillon
- Internal Medicine, IUSM Ball Memorial Hospital, Muncie, IN, United States
| | - S.R. Menakuru
- Internal Medicine, IUSM Ball Memorial Hospital, Muncie, IN, United States
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Wiessing L, Sypsa V, Abagiu AO, Arble A, Berndt N, Bosch A, Buskin S, Chemtob D, Combs B, Conyngham C, Feelemyer J, Fitzgerald M, Goldberg D, Hatzakis A, Patrascu RE, Keenan E, Khan I, Konrad S, Leahy J, McAuley A, Menza T, Merrick S, Metcalfe R, Rademaker T, Revivo S, Rosca P, Seguin-Devaux C, Skinner S, Smith C, Tinsley J, Wilberg M, Des Jarlais D. Impact of COVID-19 & Response Measures on HIV-HCV Prevention Services and Social Determinants in People Who Inject Drugs in 13 Sites with Recent HIV Outbreaks in Europe, North America and Israel. AIDS Behav 2023; 27:1140-1153. [PMID: 36367613 PMCID: PMC9651099 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-022-03851-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
HIV/HCV prevention among people who inject drugs (PWID) is of key public health importance. We aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 and associated response measures on HIV/HCV prevention services and socio-economic status of PWID in high-HIV-risk sites. Sites with recent (2011-2019) HIV outbreaks among PWID in Europe North America and Israel, that had been previously identified, were contacted early May 2020. Out of 17 sites invited to participate, 13 accepted. Semi-structured qualitative site reports were prepared covering data from March to May 2020, analyzed/coded and confirmed with a structured questionnaire, in which all sites explicitly responded to all 103 issues reported in the qualitative reports. Opioid maintenance treatment, needle/syringe programs and antiretroviral treatment /hepatitis C treatment continued, but with important reductions and operational changes. Increases in overdoses, widespread difficulties with food and hygiene needs, disruptions in drug supply, and increased homelessness were reported. Service programs rapidly reformed long established, and politically entrenched, restrictive service delivery policies. Future epidemic control measures should include mitigation of negative side-effects on service provision and socio-economic determinants in PWID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Wiessing
- Public Health Unit, European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), Praça Europa 1, Cais do Sodré, 1249-289, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - V Sypsa
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - A O Abagiu
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
| | - A Arble
- Hamilton County Public Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - N Berndt
- Luxembourg National Focal Point of the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Directorate of Health, Luxembourg-Hamm, Luxembourg
| | - A Bosch
- STD, HIV, and TB Section - Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Prevention and Control, Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - S Buskin
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Public Health - Seattle & King County, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D Chemtob
- Department of Tuberculosis and AIDS, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - B Combs
- Scott County Health Department, Scottsburg, IN, USA
| | - C Conyngham
- Philadelphia Department of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Feelemyer
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Fitzgerald
- National Social Inclusion Office, Health Services Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Goldberg
- Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - A Hatzakis
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - R E Patrascu
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
| | - E Keenan
- National Social Inclusion Office, Health Services Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - I Khan
- First Nations and Inuit Health Branch, Indigenous Services Canada, Regina, Canada
| | - S Konrad
- First Nations and Inuit Health Branch, Indigenous Services Canada, Regina, Canada
| | - J Leahy
- Oregon Health Authority, Portland, OR, USA
| | - A McAuley
- Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - T Menza
- Oregon Health Authority, Portland, OR, USA
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - S Merrick
- Hamilton County Public Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - R Metcalfe
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Sandyford Sexual Health Service, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - T Rademaker
- Hamilton County Public Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - S Revivo
- Izhar Needle and Syringe Programme, Public Health Association, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - P Rosca
- Department for the Treatment of Substance Abuse, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - C Seguin-Devaux
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - S Skinner
- University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - C Smith
- Philadelphia Department of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Tinsley
- Public Health - Seattle & King County, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M Wilberg
- Minnesota Department of Human Services, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - D Des Jarlais
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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Ali F, Ali S, Mohamed S, Khan I, Khan I, Khan S, Khan F, Alfeel AH, Higazi H. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA mutations in Pakistani population diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e266924. [PMID: 36856233 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.266924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart and blood vessel disorders, such as coronary heart disease, brain vessel disease, rheumatic heart disease, and others, are together referred to as cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this study, we sought to determine how mitochondrial Leucine Transfer RNA genes and CVDs are related (MT-L1 and MT-L2). From CVD patients in Peshawar, a total of 27 saliva samples were taken. Leu-tRNA genes expressed by mitochondria were amplified using polymerase chain reaction after DNA was removed. Ten samples were sent for sequencing after PCR and gene cleaning. We obtained all of the sequenced results, which were subsequently aligned and evaluated against the mitochondrial revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS). However, in our sequenced samples, Leu-tRNA MT-L1 and MT-L2 genes were determined to be unaltered. Thus, it is suggested that a large population be taken into account while screening for mutations in the mitochondrial encoded Leu-tRNA MT-L1 and MT-L2 genes of cardiac patients in areas of Pakistan. Additionally, it is recommended that patients with cardiac problems should also have other mitochondrial encoded genes checked for potential mutations. This could result in the identification of genetic markers that could be used for early CVD screening in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ali
- Dalian Medical University, Department of Cell Biology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - S Ali
- Gulf Medical University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Mohamed
- Gulf Medical University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - I Khan
- Lanzhou University, School of Life Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - I Khan
- Khyber Medical University, Department of Microbiology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - S Khan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - F Khan
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Department of Zoology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - A H Alfeel
- Gulf Medical University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - H Higazi
- Gulf Medical University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
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Menakuru S, Dhillon V, Emran J, Khan I, Beirat A, Salih A. PP01.30 Are Delays In The Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer Due To Patients First Seeking Treatment for Tuberculosis In Rural India? J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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14
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Dweik N, Mohanakrishnan B, Khan I, Elmahi M, Varghese J, Patel M. Oxycodone induced leukoencephalopathy in a young female following acute toxicity. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00708-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Brown S, McDonnell B, McRae D, Hallingberg B, Angel P, Khan I, James DH. Beliefs, behaviour, and blood pressure: preliminary analysis from a pharmacy-based hypertension visualisation intervention to support medication adherence. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riac089.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Hypertension is the leading preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, with an estimated prevalence of 31% worldwide1. Antihypertensive medication reduces both blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular risk; however, approximately 50% of patients become nonadherent to antihypertensives within a year of treatment initiation2. Nonadherence can be considered as either intentional or unintentional. Research suggests that rather than being a solely passive process, illness beliefs and treatment perceptions may influence nonintentional nonadherence3, highlighting the importance of considering patients’ beliefs when supporting adherence. The use of visuals is one method to aid understanding of complex health information and influence treatment beliefs.
Aim
To investigate the feasibility and acceptability of a community pharmacy-based visualisation intervention (ViSTA-BP) and explore the preliminary effect on patients’ perceptions of hypertension, medication adherence and blood pressure.
Methods
ViSTA-BP is a digital intervention that allows users, through real-time animations, to visualise both the condition that is hypertension and how blood pressure affects the circulatory system. The purpose of ViSTA-BP was to improve patients’ understanding of hypertension, increase perceived necessity of treatment and ultimately support medication adherence. A mixed-methods pre-post design pilot study was conducted. NHS Research Ethics Committee Wales Rec 5 (reference 20/WA/0280) and Cardiff Metropolitan University (reference PGR-3806) granted ethical approval. The intervention was consultation-based and researcher-facilitated. Outcomes were recorded at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at three-months. Validated questionnaires were used to measure illness and treatment beliefs (Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ)/Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ)), adherence captured using self-report measures (Medicines Adherence Rating Scale (MARS-5)/recent adherence questionnaire) and medication dispensing/collection data. BP was measured at baseline and 3-month follow-up. Semi-structured interviews with patients and pharmacists explored intervention acceptability.
Results
Pharmacists recruited 69 patients with hypertension across five community pharmacies (CP) in South Wales; 54 attended the three-month follow-up. The ease of participant recruitment and high retention rates demonstrated the feasibility of delivering ViSTA-BP in this setting. ViSTA-BP content and the CP location were acceptable to patients and pharmacists. Time to deliver the intervention was a concern for pharmacists but not patients. There was no statistically significant change in adherence outcomes at three-month follow-up; however, the median scores for both self-report questionnaires were maximal at baseline. Changes were seen in illness belief scores, with a significant improvement in total B-IPQ score over time (p=0.04). Significant changes in B-IPQ treatment control (p=0.01), illness coherence (p<0.001) and BMQ Necessity subscale scores (p=0.003) were reported at all time-points. There was a statistically significant improvement in both systolic (SBP) (p<0.01) and diastolic BP (DBP) (p=0.03) three-months post-intervention. At baseline, 31% of participants had SBP at or below the UK target; however, at three-month follow-up, 59% were at or below the UK target.
Discussion/Conclusion
ViSTA-BP was considered a feasible researcher-facilitated intervention in this CP setting. Improvements seen in blood pressure control, patients’ understanding of hypertension, and perceptions of utility and necessity of treatment highlight the potential for the ViSTA-BP intervention to help reduce cardiovascular risk in the future. While preliminary analysis shows promise, further adequately powered research studies are necessary to evaluate future ViSTA-BP impact.
References
1. Mills KT, Stefanescu A, He J. The global epidemiology of hypertension. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2020;16(4):223-237. doi:10.1038/s41581-019-0244-2
2. Vrijens B, Antoniou S, Burnier M, de la Sierra A, Volpe M. Current situation of medication adherence in hypertension. Front Pharmacol. 2017;8. doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00100
3. Gadkari AS, McHorney CA. Unintentional non-adherence to chronic prescription medications: how unintentional is it really? BMC Health Serv Res. 2012;12(1):98. doi:10.1186/1472-6963-12-98
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Affiliation(s)
- S Brown
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University
| | - B McDonnell
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University
| | - D McRae
- Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board
| | - B Hallingberg
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University
| | - P Angel
- School of Technologies, Cardiff Metropolitan University
| | - I Khan
- School of Technologies, Cardiff Metropolitan University
| | - D H James
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University
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Iqbal MA, Khan I, Rehman SSU, Beg MSA. Anti-Claw Procedure with Modified Dynamic Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Transfer for Ulnar Nerve Palsy: Our Experience. Malays Orthop J 2022; 16:70-75. [PMID: 36589368 PMCID: PMC9791888 DOI: 10.5704/moj.2211.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The ulnar nerve palsy is a distressing injury, resulting in clawing of hand. The cause of clawing is due to paralysis of the interosseous muscles in the presence of functioning long extensor and long flexors of fingers. Various methods have been proposed to correct this deformity which include both static and dynamic procedures. In this study, we share our experience with flexor digitorum superficialis tendon transfer using Zancolli's modification for anti-claw correction. Materials and methods It was a retrospective case series study. A record of 53 patients was included in the study, during a period between June 2013 to July 2017 with ulnar nerve palsy. The procedure done was flexor digitorum superficialis tendon transfer as dynamic anti-claw procedure. The follow-up period was three months. The outcomes assessed were grip strength by using sphygmomanometer and active range of motion of fingers assessed by fingers tips touching the palm. Result Fifty-three patients were included out of them, there were fifty males and three females. The mean age was 28±10 years. All patients underwent flexor digitorum superficialis transfer for ulnar claw hand. A total of 84.9% patients have good grip strength and 83% showed good active range of motion. Conclusion Flexor digitorum superficialis tendon transfer is found to be effective, reliable and reproducible technique in ulnar nerve palsy where patient need grip strength, good range of motion and acceptable hand function for daily routine work.
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Affiliation(s)
- MA Iqbal
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - I Khan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - SSU Rehman
- Department of General Surgery, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - MSA Beg
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan,Corresponding Author: Mirza Shehab Afzal Beg, Department of Plastic Surgery, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, National Stadium Rd, Karachi City, Sindh 74800, Pakistan
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Suri O, Tiwari P, Mandloi P, Khan I. 454P To study the prevalence of lower limb deep vein thrombosis in patients who present with stage III/IV solid tissue malignancies in Indian patients. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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Khan I, Nor MNBMD, Pillay I. 144 A PILOT STUDY TO BENCHMARK FRAILTY NEEDS IN AN ACUTE OLDER SURGICAL INPATIENTS. Age Ageing 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac218.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Evidence to support screening for frailty among acute surgical inpatients is limited. Our aim was to identify surgical inpatients on a general/vascular surgery ward with unmet, frailty-associated needs.
Methods
From 01/03/2022 to 12/04/2022, all inpatients under a vascular/general surgery service in a model 4 hospital were screened for frailty using a modified THINKfrail tool. An abbreviated CGA (‘little g’), to identify what matters to the patient, mobility and functional impairment, mood and mental state and medication review was performed and actions taken on the results.
Results
138 patients were admitted under the surgical teams during the study period. 30% (n=42) were over 70 years. 8% (n=11) screened positive for frailty, all of whom underwent a ‘little g’. The mean (SD) age was 77 (4) years. 45% (n=5) were male. Identified needs were included abnormal 4AT in 50% (n=5), 3 of whom had no prior diagnosis of dementia. 45% had altered ADLs resulting in a reduced ability to dress or mobilise. 80% (N=9) required optimisation of mobility and/or physical function. 45% (n=5) had medication changes made.
Conclusion
A simple modified THINKfrail tool can be implemented by surgical nurses to screen for patients who may need geriatric input. Most have physio and OT needs and 45-50% have undetected cognitive or medication related issues, detected by employing a ‘little g’. Employing a ward-based frailty screen, followed by little g assessment is effective. This approach should be prospectively validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Khan
- Cork University Hospital , Cork, Ireland
| | - MNBMD Nor
- Cork University Hospital , Cork, Ireland
| | - I Pillay
- Cork University Hospital , Cork, Ireland
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Sibbing D, Shan J, Bourhis F, Hofer K, Kasireddy E, Qian A, Khan I. Clopidogrel monotherapy following dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome post-drug-eluting stent implantation: a systematic review and direct/indirect treatment comparison. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) receiving a drug-eluting stent (DES), treatment with dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) reduces the risk of recurrent ischemic events. Optimal duration of DAPT depends on patient characteristics and switching to single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) is recommended after the course of DAPT.
Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the comparative efficacy and safety of switching to clopidogrel SAPT following DAPT in patients with ACS post DES-implantation.
Methods
A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted by searching MEDLINE®, Embase, and CENTRAL up to July 27, 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that evaluated clopidogrel SAPT following DAPT in adults with ACS post-DES implantation were included. Heterogeneity of included studies was vetted in a feasibility assessment. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted using the metafor package for R. Direct comparisons were conducted for clopidogrel vs. aspirin and clopidogrel vs. DAPT. Using the Bucher method, aspirin vs. DAPT was indirectly compared by taking the difference between their respective pooled treatment effects vs. clopidogrel. A sensitivity analysis was conducted by including studies with a follow-up of 12 months.
Results
Of 5,349 records identified, seven unique studies (four RCTs and three observational studies) were eligible to be included in the SLR and quantitative treatment comparison. Risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was lower in patients who switched to clopidogrel SAPT after DAPT compared with those who switched to aspirin monotherapy (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54, 0.98), and this difference was significant. No significant difference in risk of MACE was found between switching to clopidogrel SAPT after DAPT and continuation of DAPT (HR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.65, 1.25). This finding was consistent with the sensitivity analysis representing studies with follow-up of 12 months (HR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.69, 1.31). Risk of bleeding was not analysed due to insufficient data across included studies for patients with ACS. However, within-study findings from one RCT of 4,136 patients demonstrated a significantly lower risk of bleeding, defined as thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (major and/or minor, for switching to clopidogrel SAPT following DAPT compared with continuation of DAPT (0.54% vs. 1.17% of patients had bleeding [HR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.94]).
Conclusion
Findings from this SLR suggest switching to clopidogrel SAPT after DAPT in ACS post-DES implantation has a lower risk of MACE compared with switching to aspirin monotherapy, and no difference in the risk of MACE compared with continuation of DAPT. There was insufficient data across the included studies to evaluate the bleeding risk, however, a single study indicated a lower bleeding risk with switching to clopidogrel SAPT.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Sanofi
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sibbing
- Privatklinik Lauterbacher Mühle am Ostersee , Seeshaupt , Germany
| | | | | | - K Hofer
- Evidinno Outcomes Research Inc. , Vancouver , Canada
| | - E Kasireddy
- Evidinno Outcomes Research Inc. , Vancouver , Canada
| | - A Qian
- Evidinno Outcomes Research Inc. , Vancouver , Canada
| | - I Khan
- Sanofi , Bridgewater , United States of America
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Karaji I, Lonnebakken MT, Storesund S, Khan I, Ueland PM, Vikenes K, Nygard OK, Pedersen ER. Plasma hydroxyanthranilic acid as a predictor of stress induced myocardial ischemia in non-obstructive coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The tryptophan catabolite hydroxyanthranilic acid (HAA) has potent immunomodulatory and vasoactive effects. HAA is also a precursor in the synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a crucial cofactor in energy-metabolism. We have previously demonstrated that elevated plasma HAA predicted risk of myocardial infarction.
Purpose
To explore if plasma HAA is associated with stress induced myocardial ischemia in non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods
In 132 patients with chest pain and non-obstructive CAD by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), plasma HAA was analyzed by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. All participants underwent myocardial contrast stress echocardiography. Myocardial ischemia was assessed as delayed contrast replenishment at peak dobutamine stress during real-time low mechanical index imaging and destruction replenishment. The extent of ischemia was defined as the number of segments with delayed contrast enhancement using a 17-segment left ventricular model. Associations of plasma HAA with myocardial ischemia was evaluated in a multivariate adjusted linear regression model.
Results
Mean (SD) age at inclusion was 63 (8) years and 56% were women. At CCTA, the median (25th, 75th percentile) coronary artery calcium (CAC) score was 42 (13–107) Agatston units, whereas the mean (SD) segment involvement score (SIS) was 2.6 (1.6). Myocardial ischemia was found in 52% of patients with on average 5 (3) ischemic segments per patient. Serum HAA did not correlate with the CAC score or SIS (p>0.29). After multivariate adjustment including age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, current smoking, and LDL cholesterol, the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for myocardial ischemia was 1.55 (1.04–2.32), P=0.03, per SD increment of plasma HAA levels (log transformed). Plasma HAA was also associated with the extent of myocardial ischemia with a multivariate adjusted β of 0.26, P=0.004.
Conclusion
Plasma HAA is associated with the extent of myocardial ischemia in non-obstructive CAD. Potential roles of this metabolite in atherogenesis, vascular dysfunction and as a predictor of myocardial ischemia should be further elucidated.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Western Norway Regional Health Authority
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Affiliation(s)
- I Karaji
- Haukeland University Hospital, Department of Heart Disease , Bergen , Norway
| | | | - S Storesund
- Haukeland University Hospital, Department of Heart Disease , Bergen , Norway
| | - I Khan
- University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway
| | | | - K Vikenes
- Haukeland University Hospital, Department of Heart Disease , Bergen , Norway
| | | | - E R Pedersen
- Haukeland University Hospital, Department of Heart Disease , Bergen , Norway
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Alam M, Rasool MH, Khan I, Khurshid M, Aslam B. Multilocus Sequence Typing of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates Harboring blaOXA-23 and blaIMP in Cattle from Punjab, Pakistan. Microb Drug Resist 2022; 28:997-1002. [PMID: 35985003 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2022.0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a notorious bacterial pathogen that can cause an array of nosocomial infections in clinical settings. However, the data from the veterinary settings is limited and especially in Pakistan, no such study is conducted so far. To investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and distribution of specific sequence types of A. baumannii in cattle, a total of 1,960 samples were collected from cattle over 18 months from Punjab, Pakistan. The isolates obtained were identified using the API20NE system and confirmed through PCR. The isolated A. baumannii isolates were further screened for antimicrobial susceptibility and the presence of resistance genes. Multilocus sequence typing was carried out to characterize the carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) isolates. Results revealed an overall prevalence of A. baumannii at 3.31% (65/1,960) with a higher prevalence of 7.38% (54/731) in dairy cattle compared to beef cattle at 4.41% (11/249). Among 65 A. baumannii isolates, 27.7% (18/65) were CRAB. All CRAB isolates harbor class D β-lactamases genes blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-51, whereas 94.4% (17/18) CRAB isolates carried class B β-lactamases gene blaIMP, and only one isolate had blaNDM-1 gene. The commonly found sequence types for CRAB isolates were ST2 and ST642 corresponding to 10 and 05 isolates, respectively. The presence of CRAB in cattle indicates an alarming situation that necessitates an urgent and efficient surveillance system to limit the transmission of CRAB among the cattle population and its possible transmission to humans and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhas Alam
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Iahtasham Khan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Khurshid
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Aslam
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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22
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Khan I, Ullah S, Khattak SK, Khan Z, Ahmad I, Khan A. Functional Outcome of Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Hamstring Autograft with Fixation Using Endobutton at Femoral End and Bioabsorbable Screw at Tibial End. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:1142-1147. [PMID: 36189564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most frequently injured ligament of the knee. It can be repaired and reconstructed by open and endoscopic method, the gold standard is, however, endoscopic reconstruction. It is usually reconstructed using bone patellar tendon bone (BPTB) or Hamstring autograft. The graft is supported using endobutton at the femoral end while bioabsorbable interference screw at the tibial end. This study aimed to determine how a certain fixation procedure for quadrupled hamstring autografts worked out. This prospective observational study duration period was 1 year in which 40 patients with ACL injury were treated with arthroscopic reconstruction using hamstring autograft from January 2020 to December 2020 with 6 months follow up after surgery. On the femoral side, an endobutton was used to secure the graft, while the tibial end was secured using a bioabsorbable screw. The International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scoring system was used for prospective evaluation. According to subjective IKDC scoring, 20(50.0%) results were very good, 14(35.0%) were good, 4(10.0%) were satisfactory and 2(5.0%) were bad. In 95.0% patients the state of knee joint is very good compared to preoperative state. Of all the 40 patients underwent ACL reconstruction, 38(95.0%) patients are satisfied with the results of the operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Khan
- Dr Imran Khan, Resident Orthopaedic Surgeon, Orthopaedics and Spine Unit, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Kamarajah S, Evans R, Nepogodiev D, Hodson J, Bundred J, Gockel I, Gossage J, Isik A, Kidane B, Mahendran H, Negoi I, Okonta K, Sayyed R, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra R, Wijnhoven B, Singh P, Griffiths E, Kamarajah S, Hodson J, Griffiths E, Alderson D, Bundred J, Evans R, Gossage J, Griffiths E, Jefferies B, Kamarajah S, McKay S, Mohamed I, Nepogodiev D, Siaw-Acheampong K, Singh P, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra R, Wanigasooriya K, Whitehouse T, Gjata A, Moreno J, Takeda F, Kidane B, Guevara Castro R, Harustiak T, Bekele A, Kechagias A, Gockel I, Kennedy A, Da Roit A, Bagajevas A, Azagra J, Mahendran H, Mejía-Fernández L, Wijnhoven B, El Kafsi J, Sayyed R, Sousa M, Sampaio A, Negoi I, Blanco R, Wallner B, Schneider P, Hsu P, Isik A, Gananadha S, Wills V, Devadas M, Duong C, Talbot M, Hii M, Jacobs R, Andreollo N, Johnston B, Darling G, Isaza-Restrepo A, Rosero G, Arias-Amézquita F, Raptis D, Gaedcke J, Reim D, Izbicki J, Egberts J, Dikinis S, Kjaer D, Larsen M, Achiam M, Saarnio J, Theodorou D, Liakakos T, Korkolis D, Robb W, Collins C, Murphy T, Reynolds J, Tonini V, Migliore M, Bonavina L, Valmasoni M, Bardini R, Weindelmayer J, Terashima M, White R, Alghunaim E, Elhadi M, Leon-Takahashi A, Medina-Franco H, Lau P, Okonta K, Heisterkamp J, Rosman C, van Hillegersberg R, Beban G, Babor R, Gordon A, Rossaak J, Pal K, Qureshi A, Naqi S, Syed A, Barbosa J, Vicente C, Leite J, Freire J, Casaca R, Costa R, Scurtu R, Mogoanta S, Bolca C, Constantinoiu S, Sekhniaidze D, Bjelović M, So J, Gačevski G, Loureiro C, Pera M, Bianchi A, Moreno Gijón M, Martín Fernández J, Trugeda Carrera M, Vallve-Bernal M, Cítores Pascual M, Elmahi S, Halldestam I, Hedberg J, Mönig S, Gutknecht S, Tez M, Guner A, Tirnaksiz M, Colak E, Sevinç B, Hindmarsh A, Khan I, Khoo D, Byrom R, Gokhale J, Wilkerson P, Jain P, Chan D, Robertson K, Iftikhar S, Skipworth R, Forshaw M, Higgs S, Gossage J, Nijjar R, Viswanath Y, Turner P, Dexter S, Boddy A, Allum W, Oglesby S, Cheong E, Beardsmore D, Vohra R, Maynard N, Berrisford R, Mercer S, Puig S, Melhado R, Kelty C, Underwood T, Dawas K, Lewis W, Al-Bahrani A, Bryce G, Thomas M, Arndt A, Palazzo F, Meguid R, Fergusson J, Beenen E, Mosse C, Salim J, Cheah S, Wright T, Cerdeira M, McQuillan P, Richardson M, Liem H, Spillane J, Yacob M, Albadawi F, Thorpe T, Dingle A, Cabalag C, Loi K, Fisher O, Ward S, Read M, Johnson M, Bassari R, Bui H, Cecconello I, Sallum R, da Rocha J, Lopes L, Tercioti V, Coelho J, Ferrer J, Buduhan G, Tan L, Srinathan S, Shea P, Yeung J, Allison F, Carroll P, Vargas-Barato F, Gonzalez F, Ortega J, Nino-Torres L, Beltrán-García T, Castilla L, Pineda M, Bastidas A, Gómez-Mayorga J, Cortés N, Cetares C, Caceres S, Duarte S, Pazdro A, Snajdauf M, Faltova H, Sevcikova M, Mortensen P, Katballe N, Ingemann T, Morten B, Kruhlikava I, Ainswort A, Stilling N, Eckardt J, Holm J, Thorsteinsson M, Siemsen M, Brandt B, Nega B, Teferra E, Tizazu A, Kauppila J, Koivukangas V, Meriläinen S, Gruetzmann R, Krautz C, Weber G, Golcher H, Emons G, Azizian A, Ebeling M, Niebisch S, Kreuser N, Albanese G, Hesse J, Volovnik L, Boecher U, Reeh M, Triantafyllou S, Schizas D, Michalinos A, Balli E, Mpoura M, Charalabopoulos A, Manatakis D, Balalis D, Bolger J, Baban C, Mastrosimone A, McAnena O, Quinn A, Ó Súilleabháin C, Hennessy M, Ivanovski I, Khizer H, Ravi N, Donlon N, Cervellera M, Vaccari S, Bianchini S, Sartarelli L, Asti E, Bernardi D, Merigliano S, Provenzano L, Scarpa M, Saadeh L, Salmaso B, De Manzoni G, Giacopuzzi S, La Mendola R, De Pasqual C, Tsubosa Y, Niihara M, Irino T, Makuuchi R, Ishii K, Mwachiro M, Fekadu A, Odera A, Mwachiro E, AlShehab D, Ahmed H, Shebani A, Elhadi A, Elnagar F, Elnagar H, Makkai-Popa S, Wong L, Tan Y, Thannimalai S, Ho C, Pang W, Tan J, Basave H, Cortés-González R, Lagarde S, van Lanschot J, Cords C, Jansen W, Martijnse I, Matthijsen R, Bouwense S, Klarenbeek B, Verstegen M, van Workum F, Ruurda J, van der Sluis P, de Maat M, Evenett N, Johnston P, Patel R, MacCormick A, Young M, Smith B, Ekwunife C, Memon A, Shaikh K, Wajid A, Khalil N, Haris M, Mirza Z, Qudus S, Sarwar M, Shehzadi A, Raza A, Jhanzaib M, Farmanali J, Zakir Z, Shakeel O, Nasir I, Khattak S, Baig M, MA N, Ahmed H, Naeem A, Pinho A, da Silva R, Bernardes A, Campos J, Matos H, Braga T, Monteiro C, Ramos P, Cabral F, Gomes M, Martins P, Correia A, Videira J, Ciuce C, Drasovean R, Apostu R, Ciuce C, Paitici S, Racu A, Obleaga C, Beuran M, Stoica B, Ciubotaru C, Negoita V, Cordos I, Birla R, Predescu D, Hoara P, Tomsa R, Shneider V, Agasiev M, Ganjara I, Gunjić D, Veselinović M, Babič T, Chin T, Shabbir A, Kim G, Crnjac A, Samo H, Díez del Val I, Leturio S, Ramón J, Dal Cero M, Rifá S, Rico M, Pagan Pomar A, Martinez Corcoles J, Rodicio Miravalles J, Pais S, Turienzo S, Alvarez L, Campos P, Rendo A, García S, Santos E, Martínez E, Fernández Díaz M, Magadán Álvarez C, Concepción Martín V, Díaz López C, Rosat Rodrigo A, Pérez Sánchez L, Bailón Cuadrado M, Tinoco Carrasco C, Choolani Bhojwani E, Sánchez D, Ahmed M, Dzhendov T, Lindberg F, Rutegård M, Sundbom M, Mickael C, Colucci N, Schnider A, Er S, Kurnaz E, Turkyilmaz S, Turkyilmaz A, Yildirim R, Baki B, Akkapulu N, Karahan O, Damburaci N, Hardwick R, Safranek P, Sujendran V, Bennett J, Afzal Z, Shrotri M, Chan B, Exarchou K, Gilbert T, Amalesh T, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Wiggins T, Kennedy R, McCain S, Harris A, Dobson G, Davies N, Wilson I, Mayo D, Bennett D, Young R, Manby P, Blencowe N, Schiller M, Byrne B, Mitton D, Wong V, Elshaer A, Cowen M, Menon V, Tan L, McLaughlin E, Koshy R, Sharp C, Brewer H, Das N, Cox M, Al Khyatt W, Worku D, Iqbal R, Walls L, McGregor R, Fullarton G, Macdonald A, MacKay C, Craig C, Dwerryhouse S, Hornby S, Jaunoo S, Wadley M, Baker C, Saad M, Kelly M, Davies A, Di Maggio F, McKay S, Mistry P, Singhal R, Tucker O, Kapoulas S, Powell-Brett S, Davis P, Bromley G, Watson L, Verma R, Ward J, Shetty V, Ball C, Pursnani K, Sarela A, Sue Ling H, Mehta S, Hayden J, To N, Palser T, Hunter D, Supramaniam K, Butt Z, Ahmed A, Kumar S, Chaudry A, Moussa O, Kordzadeh A, Lorenzi B, Wilson M, Patil P, Noaman I, Willem J, Bouras G, Evans R, Singh M, Warrilow H, Ahmad A, Tewari N, Yanni F, Couch J, Theophilidou E, Reilly J, Singh P, van Boxel Gijs, Akbari K, Zanotti D, Sgromo B, Sanders G, Wheatley T, Ariyarathenam A, Reece-Smith A, Humphreys L, Choh C, Carter N, Knight B, Pucher P, Athanasiou A, Mohamed I, Tan B, Abdulrahman M, Vickers J, Akhtar K, Chaparala R, Brown R, Alasmar M, Ackroyd R, Patel K, Tamhankar A, Wyman A, Walker R, Grace B, Abbassi N, Slim N, Ioannidi L, Blackshaw G, Havard T, Escofet X, Powell A, Owera A, Rashid F, Jambulingam P, Padickakudi J, Ben-Younes H, Mccormack K, Makey I, Karush M, Seder C, Liptay M, Chmielewski G, Rosato E, Berger A, Zheng R, Okolo E, Singh A, Scott C, Weyant M, Mitchell J. The influence of anastomotic techniques on postoperative anastomotic complications: Results of the Oesophago-Gastric Anastomosis Audit. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022; 164:674-684.e5. [PMID: 35249756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2022.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal anastomotic techniques in esophagectomy to minimize rates of anastomotic leakage and conduit necrosis are not known. The aim of this study was to assess whether the anastomotic technique was associated with anastomotic failure after esophagectomy in the international Oesophago-Gastric Anastomosis Audit cohort. METHODS This prospective observational multicenter cohort study included patients undergoing esophagectomy for esophageal cancer over 9 months during 2018. The primary exposure was the anastomotic technique, classified as handsewn, linear stapled, or circular stapled. The primary outcome was anastomotic failure, namely a composite of anastomotic leakage and conduit necrosis, as defined by the Esophageal Complications Consensus Group. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to identify the association between anastomotic techniques and anastomotic failure, after adjustment for confounders. RESULTS Of the 2238 esophagectomies, the anastomosis was handsewn in 27.1%, linear stapled in 21.0%, and circular stapled in 51.9%. Anastomotic techniques differed significantly by the anastomosis sites (P < .001), with the majority of neck anastomoses being handsewn (69.9%), whereas most chest anastomoses were stapled (66.3% circular stapled and 19.3% linear stapled). Rates of anastomotic failure differed significantly among the anastomotic techniques (P < .001), from 19.3% in handsewn anastomoses, to 14.0% in linear stapled anastomoses, and 12.1% in circular stapled anastomoses. This effect remained significant after adjustment for confounding factors on multivariable analysis, with an odds ratio of 0.63 (95% CI, 0.46-0.86; P = .004) for circular stapled versus handsewn anastomosis. However, subgroup analysis by anastomosis site suggested that this effect was predominantly present in neck anastomoses, with anastomotic failure rates of 23.2% versus 14.6% versus 5.9% for handsewn versus linear stapled anastomoses versus circular stapled neck anastomoses, compared with 13.7% versus 13.8% versus 12.2% for chest anastomoses. CONCLUSIONS Handsewn anastomoses appear to be independently associated with higher rates of anastomotic failure compared with stapled anastomoses. However, this effect seems to be largely confined to neck anastomoses, with minimal differences between techniques observed for chest anastomoses. Further research into standardization of anastomotic approach and techniques may further improve outcomes.
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Zafar M, Khan I, Rehman A, Zafar S. A Novel Blockchain-Based Model for Blood Donation System. EAI Endorsed Trans Context Aware Syst App 2022. [DOI: 10.4108/eetcasa.v8i1.2546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In Pakistan, existing blood control systems or blood information management systems are limited in terms of efficient data retrieval of donor to consumer. There is no communication network in place for extra blood in one location to be demanded from a region if blood is limited, resulting in blood wastage. Due to a lack of accessibility and sufficient blood quality testing, blood contaminated with illnesses such as HIV has been used for transfusion in some cases. This study proposes a ledger blood management system to address these challenges. The trail has been represented as a supply-chain management problem following the blood. By trailing the blood stream and donation a single platform for transferring blood and the problem results among blood groups, the proposed system, built on the hyperledger fabric model, adds more traceability toward the blood transfusion process. It also helps to reduce unjustified blood wastage by providing an integrated system for transferring lifeblood and the thing extracts among lifeblood banks. A web app is also designed for accessing the network for simplicity of usage and security is enhanced by implementing block chain hyperfebric ledger system through Key Value System (KVS) system.
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Khan I, Brookes E. Response to: Bilateral infective endocarditis in intravenous drug using patients. QJM 2022; 115:559-560. [PMID: 34597408 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I Khan
- From the Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - E Brookes
- From the Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Australia
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Šuštar U, Groselj U, Jenko Bizjan B, Khan I, Khan S, Shafi S, Kovač J, Battelino T, Sadiq F. NGS testing of patients with dyslipidemia revealed two patients with a homozygous GPIHBP1 variant. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sadiq F, Shafi S, Khan M, Ain Q, Khan I, Rehman H, Šikonja J, Mlinarič M, Gidding S, Groselj U. Mapping of familial hypercholesterolemia basic infrastructure in Pakistan. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hussain R, Khan I, Jamal A, Mohamed BB, Khan A. Evaluation of Hematological, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidant Profile in Cattle Infected with Brucellosis in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Biomed Res Int 2022; 2022:7140909. [PMID: 35898677 PMCID: PMC9314157 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7140909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a well-known and harmful zoonotic disease that poses a severe threat to public health and wild and dairy animals. Due to a lack of monitoring and awareness, disease incidence has increased. Therefore, this study was conducted for the first time to ascertain the status of seroprevalence of brucellosis, hematological, oxidative stress, and antioxidant enzymes in different breeds of cattle reared under tropical-desert conditions in Pakistan. This study comprised 570 cattle of different breeds. We recorded some epidemiological traits, including age and gender. The blood samples were obtained from all the cattle, screened with RBPT, and then confirmed by ELISA and PCR. The results recorded an overall 11.75%, 10.7%, and 9.64% prevalence of brucellosis based on RBPT, ELISA, and PCR. We obtained nonsignificant results in different age and sex groups of cattle. The results showed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower values of erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin quantity, hematocrit, lymphocytes, and monocytes in infected cases. The results showed that the total leukocyte and neutrophil cells significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased. The lipid peroxidation parameters (MDA- and NO-scavenging activity of erythrocyte) increased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) in infected cattle, whereas significantly reduced antioxidant enzymes like SOD, RGSH, and CAT were. Similarly, significantly lower serum albumin levels and total serum proteins were recorded in infected cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riaz Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Iahtasham Khan
- Section of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore Sub-Campus Jhang 12-Km Chiniot Road, Jhang 35200, Pakistan
| | - Adil Jamal
- Sciences and Research, College of Nursing, Umm Al Qura University-715, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahrar Khan
- Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang 261061, China
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Shoaib M, Khan I, Rooh G, Wabaidur S, Islam M, Chanthima N, Kothan S, Ullah I, Ahad A, Kaewkhao J. Judd-Ofelt and luminescence properties of Pr3+ doped ZnO-Gd2O3/GdF3-BaO-P2O3 glasses for visible and NIR applications. Journal of Luminescence 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2022.118884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kouli O, Murray V, Bhatia S, Cambridge WA, Kawka M, Shafi S, Knight SR, Kamarajah SK, McLean KA, Glasbey JC, Khaw RA, Ahmed W, Akhbari M, Baker D, Borakati A, Mills E, Thavayogan R, Yasin I, Raubenheimer K, Ridley W, Sarrami M, Zhang G, Egoroff N, Pockney P, Richards T, Bhangu A, Creagh-Brown B, Edwards M, Harrison EM, Lee M, Nepogodiev D, Pinkney T, Pearse R, Smart N, Vohra R, Sohrabi C, Jamieson A, Nguyen M, Rahman A, English C, Tincknell L, Kakodkar P, Kwek I, Punjabi N, Burns J, Varghese S, Erotocritou M, McGuckin S, Vayalapra S, Dominguez E, Moneim J, Salehi M, Tan HL, Yoong A, Zhu L, Seale B, Nowinka Z, Patel N, Chrisp B, Harris J, Maleyko I, Muneeb F, Gough M, James CE, Skan O, Chowdhury A, Rebuffa N, Khan H, Down B, Fatimah Hussain Q, Adams M, Bailey A, Cullen G, Fu YXJ, McClement B, Taylor A, Aitken S, Bachelet B, Brousse de Gersigny J, Chang C, Khehra B, Lahoud N, Lee Solano M, Louca M, Rozenbroek P, Rozitis E, Agbinya N, Anderson E, Arwi G, Barry I, Batchelor C, Chong T, 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Wyn-Griffiths F, Brew A, Kaur G, Soni D, Tickle A, Akbar Z, Appleyard T, Figg K, Jayawardena P, Johnson A, Kamran Siddiqui Z, Lacy-Colson J, Oatham R, Rowlands B, Sludden E, Turnbull C, Allin D, Ansar Z, Azeez Z, Dale VH, Garg J, Horner A, Jones S, Knight S, McGregor C, McKenna J, McLelland T, Packham-Smith A, Rowsell K, Spector-Hill I, Adeniken E, Baker J, Bartlett M, Chikomba L, Connell B, Deekonda P, Dhar M, Elmansouri A, Gamage K, Goodhew R, Hanna P, Knight J, Luca A, Maasoumi N, Mahamoud F, Manji S, Marwaha PK, Mason F, Oluboyede A, Pigott L, Razaq AM, Richardson M, Saddaoui I, Wijeyendram P, Yau S, Atkins W, Liang K, Miles N, Praveen B, Ashai S, Braganza J, Common J, Cundy A, Davies R, Guthrie J, Handa I, Iqbal M, Ismail R, Jones C, Jones I, Lee KS, Levene A, Okocha M, Olivier J, Smith A, Subramaniam E, Tandle S, Wang A, Watson A, Wilson C, Chan XHF, Khoo E, Montgomery C, Norris M, Pugalenthi PP, Common T, Cook E, Mistry H, Shinmar HS, Agarwal G, Bandyopadhyay S, Brazier B, Carroll L, Goede A, Harbourne A, Lakhani A, Lami M, Larwood J, Martin J, Merchant J, Pattenden S, Pradhan A, Raafat N, Rothwell E, Shammoon Y, Sudarshan R, Vickers E, Wingfield L, Ashworth I, Azizi S, Bhate R, Chowdhury T, Christou A, Davies L, Dwaraknath M, Farah Y, Garner J, Gureviciute E, Hart E, Jain A, Javid S, Kankam HK, Kaur Toor P, Kaz R, Kermali M, Khan I, Mattson A, McManus A, Murphy M, Nair K, Ngemoh D, Norton E, Olabiran A, Parry L, Payne T, Pillai K, Price S, Punjabi K, Raghunathan A, Ramwell A, Raza M, Ritehnia J, Simpson G, Smith W, Sodeinde S, Studd L, Subramaniam M, Thomas J, Towey S, Tsang E, Tuteja D, Vasani J, Vio M, Badran A, Adams J, Anthony Wilkinson J, Asvandi S, Austin T, Bald A, Bix E, Carrick M, Chander B, Chowdhury S, Cooper Drake B, Crosbie S, D Portela S, Francis D, Gallagher C, Gillespie R, Gravett H, Gupta P, Ilyas C, James G, Johny J, Jones A, Kinder F, MacLeod C, Macrow C, Maqsood-Shah A, Mather J, McCann L, McMahon R, Mitham E, Mohamed M, Munton E, Nightingale K, O'Neill K, Onyemuchara I, Senior R, Shanahan A, Sherlock J, Spyridoulias A, Stavrou C, Stokes D, Tamang R, Taylor E, Trafford C, Uden C, Waddington C, Yassin D, Zaman M, Bangi S, Cheng T, Chew D, Hussain N, Imani-Masouleh S, Mahasivam G, McKnight G, Ng HL, Ota HC, Pasha T, Ravindran W, Shah K, Vishnu K S, Zaman S, Carr W, Cope S, Eagles EJ, Howarth-Maddison M, Li CY, Reed J, Ridge A, Stubbs T, Teasdaled D, Umar R, Worthington J, Dhebri A, Kalenderov R, Alattas A, Arain Z, Bhudia R, Chia D, Daniel S, Dar T, Garland H, Girish M, Hampson A, Kyriacou H, Lehovsky K, Mullins W, Omorphos N, Vasdev N, Venkatesh A, Waldock W, Bhandari A, Brown G, Choa G, Eichenauer CE, Ezennia K, Kidwai Z, Lloyd-Thomas A, Macaskill Stewart A, Massardi C, Sinclair E, Skajaa N, Smith M, Tan I, Afsheen N, Anuar A, Azam Z, Bhatia P, Davies-kelly N, Dickinson S, Elkawafi M, Ganapathy M, Gupta S, Khoury EG, Licudi D, Mehta V, Neequaye S, Nita G, Tay VL, Zhao S, Botsa E, Cuthbert H, Elliott J, Furlepa M, Lehmann J, Mangtani A, Narayan A, Nazarian S, Parmar C, Shah D, Shaw C, Zhao Z, Beck C, Caldwell S, Clements JM, French B, Kenny R, Kirk S, Lindsay J, McClung A, McLaughlin N, Watson S, Whiteside E, Alyacoubi S, Arumugam V, Beg R, Dawas K, Garg S, Lloyd ER, Mahfouz Y, Manobharath N, Moonesinghe R, Morka N, Patel K, Prashar J, Yip S, Adeeko ES, Ajekigbe F, Bhat A, Evans C, Farrugia A, Gurung C, Long T, Malik B, Manirajan S, Newport D, Rayer J, Ridha A, Ross E, Saran T, Sinker A, Waruingi D, Allen R, Al Sadek Y, Alves do Canto Brum H, Asharaf H, Ashman M, Balakumar V, Barrington J, Baskaran R, Berry A, Bhachoo H, Bilal A, Boaden L, Chia WL, Covell G, Crook D, Dadnam F, Davis L, De Berker H, Doyle C, Fox C, Gruffydd-Davies M, Hafouda Y, Hill A, Hubbard E, Hunter A, Inpadhas V, Jamshaid M, Jandu G, Jeyanthi M, Jones T, Kantor C, Kwak SY, Malik N, Matt R, McNulty P, Miles C, Mohomed A, Myat P, Niharika J, Nixon A, O'Reilly D, Parmar K, Pengelly S, Price L, Ramsden M, Turnor R, Wales E, Waring H, Wu M, Yang T, Ye TTS, Zander A, Zeicu C, Bellam S, Francombe J, Kawamoto N, Rahman MR, Sathyanarayana A, Tang HT, Cheung J, Hollingshead J, Page V, Sugarman J, Wong E, Chiong J, Fung E, Kan SY, Kiang J, Kok J, Krahelski O, Liew MY, Lyell B, Sharif Z, Speake D, Alim L, Amakye NY, Chandrasekaran J, Chandratreya N, Drake J, Owoso T, Thu YM, Abou El Ela Bourquin B, Alberts J, Chapman D, Rehnnuma N, Ainsworth K, Carpenter H, Emmanuel T, Fisher T, Gabrel M, Guan Z, Hollows S, Hotouras A, Ip Fung Chun N, Jaffer S, Kallikas G, Kennedy N, Lewinsohn B, Liu FY, Mohammed S, Rutherfurd A, Situ T, Stammer A, Taylor F, Thin N, Urgesi E, Zhang N, Ahmad MA, Bishop A, Bowes A, Dixit A, Glasson R, Hatta S, Hatt K, Larcombe S, Preece J, Riordan E, Fegredo D, Haq MZ, Li C, McCann G, Stewart D, Baraza W, Bhullar D, Burt G, Coyle J, Deans J, Devine A, Hird R, Ikotun O, Manchip G, Ross C, Storey L, Tan WWL, Tse C, Warner C, Whitehead M, Wu F, Court EL, Crisp E, Huttman M, Mayes F, Robertson H, Rosen H, Sandberg C, Smith H, Al Bakry M, Ashwell W, Bajaj S, Bandyopadhyay D, Browlee O, Burway S, Chand CP, Elsayeh K, Elsharkawi A, Evans E, Ferrin S, Fort-Schaale A, Iacob M, I K, Impelliziere Licastro G, Mankoo AS, Olaniyan T, Otun J, Pereira R, Reddy R, Saeed D, Simmonds O, Singhal G, Tron K, Wickstone C, Williams R, Bradshaw E, De Kock Jewell V, Houlden C, Knight C, Metezai H, Mirza-Davies A, Seymour Z, Spink D, Wischhusen S. Evaluation of prognostic risk models for postoperative pulmonary complications in adult patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a systematic review and international external validation cohort study. Lancet Digit Health 2022; 4:e520-e531. [PMID: 35750401 DOI: 10.1016/s2589-7500(22)00069-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stratifying risk of postoperative pulmonary complications after major abdominal surgery allows clinicians to modify risk through targeted interventions and enhanced monitoring. In this study, we aimed to identify and validate prognostic models against a new consensus definition of postoperative pulmonary complications. METHODS We did a systematic review and international external validation cohort study. The systematic review was done in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched MEDLINE and Embase on March 1, 2020, for articles published in English that reported on risk prediction models for postoperative pulmonary complications following abdominal surgery. External validation of existing models was done within a prospective international cohort study of adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing major abdominal surgery. Data were collected between Jan 1, 2019, and April 30, 2019, in the UK, Ireland, and Australia. Discriminative ability and prognostic accuracy summary statistics were compared between models for the 30-day postoperative pulmonary complication rate as defined by the Standardised Endpoints in Perioperative Medicine Core Outcome Measures in Perioperative and Anaesthetic Care (StEP-COMPAC). Model performance was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCC). FINDINGS In total, we identified 2903 records from our literature search; of which, 2514 (86·6%) unique records were screened, 121 (4·8%) of 2514 full texts were assessed for eligibility, and 29 unique prognostic models were identified. Nine (31·0%) of 29 models had score development reported only, 19 (65·5%) had undergone internal validation, and only four (13·8%) had been externally validated. Data to validate six eligible models were collected in the international external validation cohort study. Data from 11 591 patients were available, with an overall postoperative pulmonary complication rate of 7·8% (n=903). None of the six models showed good discrimination (defined as AUROCC ≥0·70) for identifying postoperative pulmonary complications, with the Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia score showing the best discrimination (AUROCC 0·700 [95% CI 0·683-0·717]). INTERPRETATION In the pre-COVID-19 pandemic data, variability in the risk of pulmonary complications (StEP-COMPAC definition) following major abdominal surgery was poorly described by existing prognostication tools. To improve surgical safety during the COVID-19 pandemic recovery and beyond, novel risk stratification tools are required. FUNDING British Journal of Surgery Society.
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Hussain S, Saqib M, El-Adawy H, Hussain MH, Jamil T, Sajid MS, Alvi MA, Ghafoor M, Tayyab MH, Abbas Z, Mertens-Scholz K, Neubauer H, Khan I, Khalid Mansoor M, Muhammad G. Seroprevalence and Molecular Evidence of Coxiella burnetii in Dromedary Camels of Pakistan. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:908479. [PMID: 35782546 PMCID: PMC9244431 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.908479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Coxiellosis is a zoonosis in animals caused by Coxiella burnetii. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 920 (591 female and 329 male) randomly selected camels (Camelus dromedarius) of different age groups from 13 districts representative of the three different ecological zones in the Province Punjab, Pakistan to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of coxiellosis. The blood samples were collected and tested for anti-C. burnetti antibodies using indirect multispecies ELISA. Real-time PCR was used for the detection of C. burnetii DNA to determine the prevalence in heparinized blood pools. Out of 920 investigated camels, anti-C. burnetii antibodies were detected in 288 samples (31.3%) (95% CI: 28.3–34.4%). The highest (78.6%) and lowest (1.8%) seroprevalence were detected in Rahimyar Khan (southern Punjab) and in Jhang (central Punjab), respectively. Potential risk factors associated with seropositivity of the Q fever in camels included desert area (42.5%; OR = 2.78, 95% CI 1.12–3.21) summer season (35.7%; OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.31–3.2), sex (female) (39.1; OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.34–2.98), tick infestation (51.3%;OR = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.34–3.02), age (>10 years; 46.4%; OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 0.33–2.05) and herd size (38.5%; OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 0.76–1.54). Coxiella burnetii DNA was amplified in 12 (20%) and 1 (10%) of 60 ELISA-negative and 10 suspected camels, respectively. DNA could not be detected in ELISA positive blood pools. This study emphasizes the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of coxiellosis as well as its potential to spill over to animals and humans in contact with these camel herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujaat Hussain
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Muhammad Saqib
| | - Hosny El-Adawy
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
- Faculty Medicine of Veterinary, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Hosny El-Adawy
| | - Muhammad Hammad Hussain
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Jamil
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
| | - Muhammad Sohail Sajid
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mughees Aizaz Alvi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muzafar Ghafoor
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Haleem Tayyab
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zaeem Abbas
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Katja Mertens-Scholz
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
| | - Heinrich Neubauer
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
| | - Iahtasham Khan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore Sub Campus Jhang, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid Mansoor
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Muhammad
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Hussain R, Jamal A, Ahmed Z, Mohamed BB, Siddique AB, Khan I, Mansoor MK, Du X, Khan A. Pathological, Histological, and Molecular Based Investigations Confirm Novel Mycobacterium bovis Infection in Boselaphus tragocamelus. Biomed Res Int 2022; 2022:7601463. [PMID: 35692585 PMCID: PMC9184207 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7601463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) being the main cause of animal tuberculosis is a complex infectious agent and can be a cause of zoonotic tuberculosis zoonosis in public health. To date, the uncommon infection in public health due to M. bovis still is a great challenge to both veterinary and medical professions and requires a careful diagnosis and confirmation of the bacterium. Therefore, this study for the first time reports the clinical, gross, histopathological, and molecular based confirmation of M. bovis infection in wildlife animals (nilgai). Prior to death, the morbid animal showed severe pneumonic ailments like moist cough, thick nasal exudates, and dyspnoea. At necropsy, enlargement of mandibular cervical and mesenteric lymph nodes was observed. Different macroscopic lesions such as congestion and hyperaemia, creamy white and catarrhal exudates in trachea, consolidation, grey and red hepatisation of lungs, and micro- and macrogranulomatous tubercles containing caseous materials in lungs were observed. The heart of morbid animal showed congestions, myocarditis, and a copious amount of straw-colored fluid in the pericardial sac. At the microscopic level, lungs indicated granulomatous inflammatory response, presence of multinucleated giant cells, fibrosis, and punctuation of alveoli with chronic inflammatory cells. Histopathological examination of various sections of the heart of the infected animal showed chronic inflammatory response consisting of chronic inflammatory cells like monocyte, lymphocytes, and fibroblasts along with noncalcified eosinophilic materials. At the molecular level, M. bovis infection was confirmed in various tissues like the heart, lungs, cervical, and mesenteric lymph nodes in morbid animals. In conclusion, based on our results, it can be suggested that more molecular based epidemiological studies are crucial to know the exact cause of pulmonary and cervical tuberculosis in wild animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riaz Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Adil Jamal
- Sciences and Research, College of Nursing, Umm Al Qura University, 715 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zulfiqar Ahmed
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | | | - Abu Baker Siddique
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Iahtasham Khan
- Section of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Sub-Campus Jhang, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid Mansoor
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur-63100, Pakistan
| | - Xiaoxia Du
- Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang 261061, China
| | - Ahrar Khan
- Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang 261061, China
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
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Shoaib M, Khan I, Iskakova K, Alam MM, Rooh G, Chanthima N, Kothan S, Ullah I, Ahad A, Kaewkhao J. Investigation of luminescence properties of Ho3+ doped barium, zinc and gadolinium based phosphate glasses. Optik 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2022.169046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Siddique AB, Hussain R, Jamal A, Hossain MB, Ahmad Z, Mansoor MK, Khan I, Zahra K, Khan A. Histopathological Investigations and Molecular Confirmation Reveal Mycobacterium bovis in One-Horned Rhinoceros ( Rhinoceros unicorns). Biomed Res Int 2022; 2022:5816986. [PMID: 35647178 PMCID: PMC9132650 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5816986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium bovis causes tuberculosis in dairy and wild animals. Presence of tuberculosis in animals poses a threat not only to their herd mates but also for public. No reports are available about the clinical, pathological, and molecular investigation of naturally occurring tuberculosis (TB) due to M. bovis in one-horned rhinoceros. One-horned female rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicorns) at the age of 41 years died in a public park in Pakistan. Postmortem and other investigations were carried out to know the cause of death. The present study describes necropsy, histopathology, and molecular-based confirmation of TB in a captive female rhinoceros that died of this infection. Clinically, the rhinoceros showed nonspecific clinical signs including anorexia, lethargy, dyspnoea, coughing, and sudden death. At necropsy, the trachea exhibited mild congestion and contained catarrhal exudate at the bronchial bifurcation. Macroscopic examination revealed characteristic tubercles on all parenchymatous organs. The lungs showed consolidation, grey hepatization, and contained granulomatous lesions packed with cheesy exudate. Histopathological examination showed severe pneumonic changes in the form of granulomatous inflammation consisting of lymphocytes, multinucleated giant cells, caseous materials, and mineralized foci surrounded by a fibrous capsule. PCR amplicon of 500 bp confirmed the presence of M. bovis in multiple hepatic and pulmonary tissue samples, as well as in uterine exudates. It was concluded that the presence of tuberculosis in rhinoceros may pose potential transmission risk to other animals and the application of practical tools to determine TB status in the rhinoceros is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Baker Siddique
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Adil Jamal
- Sciences and Research, College of Nursing, Umm Al Qura University, 715 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Belal Hossain
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Zulfiqar Ahmad
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Baghdad-Ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur-63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid Mansoor
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Iahtasham Khan
- Section of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Sub-Campus Jhang, Pakistan
| | - Kainat Zahra
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahrar Khan
- Shandong Vocational Animal Sciences and Veterinary College, Weifang 261061, China
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Kamil M, Khan I, Rauf A, Bawazeer S, Bawazeer S, Rauf A, Irfan M. Chemical divergence of the Juglans Regia L. across districts Swat and Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e259731. [PMID: 35544794 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.259731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Juglans regia L. are nutritious fruit bearing plants mostly found in Northern areas of Pakistan. The population of walnuts was explored from district Dir and Swat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan for their geographical, climatic and chemical divergence. The geographical differences such as altitude, latitude and longitude whereas climatic differences viz. soil EC, soil pH, precipitations, intensity of light, temperature and soil temperature. In both districts TPC ranged from 211.2±0.6 to 227.8±0.4 mg/100g, RSA ranged from 43.32±1.5% to 52.18±0.4%, conductivity ranged from 296.43±0.6 to 312.22±0.3 S/m and elemental composition such as iron, copper, calcium, zinc and magnesium in Dir differs from 0.312±0.032, 0.209±0.13, 20.0±0.313, 0.406±0.10 and 10.2±0.030 mg/L to 0.543±0.65, 0.698±0.82, 28.7±0.234, 0.685±0.15 and 17.6±0.015 mg/L respectively. Altitude and temperature showed a correlation with total phenolics contents and radical scavenging activity while soil pH, precipitations, soil temperature, soil Ec and light intensity indicated a weak correlation with chemical traits of walnuts. Further studies of walnuts are needed to explore their therapeutically important phytochemicals to succeed naturally pharmaceutical nutrients of the maximum significance for the health of human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kamil
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - I Khan
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - A Rauf
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - S Bawazeer
- Umm Al-Qura University, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - S Bawazeer
- Umm Al-Qura University, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Rauf
- University of Swabi, Department of Chemistry, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - M Irfan
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan.,University of Swabi, Department of Botany, Swabi, Pakistan.,Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A
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Shoaib M, Khan I, Chanthima N, Alhuthali A, Intachai N, Kothan S, Ahad A, Ullah I, Khattak S, Rooh G, Kaewkhao J, Ahmad T. Photoluminescence analysis of Er3+-ions Doped P2O5-Gd2O3/GdF3-BaO-ZnO glass systems. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.163766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kamarajah SK, Evans RPT, Nepogodiev D, Hodson J, Bundred JR, Gockel I, Gossage JA, Isik A, Kidane B, Mahendran HA, Negoi I, Okonta KE, Sayyed R, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra RS, Wijnhoven BPL, Singh P, Griffiths EA, Kamarajah SK, Hodson J, Griffiths EA, Alderson D, Bundred J, Evans RPT, Gossage J, Griffiths EA, Jefferies B, Kamarajah SK, McKay S, Mohamed I, Nepogodiev D, Siaw-Acheampong K, Singh P, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra R, Wanigasooriya K, Whitehouse T, Gjata A, Moreno JI, Takeda FR, Kidane B, Guevara Castro R, Harustiak T, Bekele A, Kechagias A, Gockel I, Kennedy A, Da Roit A, Bagajevas A, Azagra JS, Mahendran HA, Mejía-Fernández L, Wijnhoven BPL, El Kafsi J, Sayyed RH, Sousa M M, Sampaio AS, Negoi I, Blanco R, Wallner B, Schneider PM, Hsu PK, Isik A, Gananadha S, Wills V, Devadas M, Duong C, Talbot M, Hii MW, Jacobs R, Andreollo NA, Johnston B, Darling G, Isaza-Restrepo A, Rosero G, Arias-Amézquita F, Raptis D, Gaedcke J, Reim D, Izbicki J, Egberts JH, Dikinis S, Kjaer DW, Larsen MH, Achiam MP, Saarnio J, Theodorou D, Liakakos T, Korkolis DP, Robb WB, Collins C, Murphy T, Reynolds J, Tonini V, Migliore M, Bonavina L, Valmasoni M, Bardini R, Weindelmayer J, Terashima M, White RE, Alghunaim E, Elhadi M, Leon-Takahashi AM, Medina-Franco H, Lau PC, Okonta KE, Heisterkamp J, Rosman C, van Hillegersberg R, Beban G, Babor R, Gordon A, Rossaak JI, Pal KMI, Qureshi AU, Naqi SA, Syed AA, Barbosa J, Vicente CS, Leite J, Freire J, Casaca R, Costa RCT, Scurtu RR, Mogoanta SS, Bolca C, Constantinoiu S, Sekhniaidze D, Bjelović M, So JBY, Gačevski G, Loureiro C, Pera M, Bianchi A, Moreno Gijón M, Martín Fernández J, Trugeda Carrera MS, Vallve-Bernal M, Cítores Pascual MA, Elmahi S, Halldestam I, Hedberg J, Mönig S, Gutknecht S, Tez M, Guner A, Tirnaksiz MB, Colak E, Sevinç B, Hindmarsh A, Khan I, Khoo D, Byrom R, Gokhale J, Wilkerson P, Jain P, Chan D, Robertson K, Iftikhar S, Skipworth R, Forshaw M, Higgs S, Gossage J, Nijjar R, Viswanath YKS, Turner P, Dexter S, Boddy A, Allum WH, Oglesby S, Cheong E, Beardsmore D, Vohra R, Maynard N, Berrisford R, Mercer S, Puig S, Melhado R, Kelty C, Underwood T, Dawas K, Lewis W, Bryce G, Thomas M, Arndt AT, Palazzo F, Meguid RA, Fergusson J, Beenen E, Mosse C, Salim J, Cheah S, Wright T, Cerdeira MP, McQuillan P, Richardson M, Liem H, Spillane J, Yacob M, Albadawi F, Thorpe T, Dingle A, Cabalag C, Loi K, Fisher OM, Ward S, Read M, Johnson M, Bassari R, Bui H, Cecconello I, Sallum RAA, da Rocha JRM, Lopes LR, Tercioti Jr V, Coelho JDS, Ferrer JAP, Buduhan G, Tan L, Srinathan S, Shea P, Yeung J, Allison F, Carroll P, Vargas-Barato F, Gonzalez F, Ortega J, Nino-Torres L, Beltrán-García TC, Castilla L, Pineda M, Bastidas A, Gómez-Mayorga J, Cortés N, Cetares C, Caceres S, Duarte S, Pazdro A, Snajdauf M, Faltova H, Sevcikova M, Mortensen PB, Katballe N, Ingemann T, Morten B, Kruhlikava I, Ainswort AP, Stilling NM, Eckardt J, Holm J, Thorsteinsson M, Siemsen M, Brandt B, Nega B, Teferra E, Tizazu A, Kauppila JH, Koivukangas V, Meriläinen S, Gruetzmann R, Krautz C, Weber G, Golcher H, Emons G, Azizian A, Ebeling M, Niebisch S, Kreuser N, Albanese G, Hesse J, Volovnik L, Boecher U, Reeh M, Triantafyllou S, Schizas D, Michalinos A, Balli E, Mpoura M, Charalabopoulos A, Manatakis DK, Balalis D, Bolger J, Baban C, Mastrosimone A, McAnena O, Quinn A, Ó Súilleabháin CB, Hennessy MM, Ivanovski I, Khizer H, Ravi N, Donlon N, Cervellera M, Vaccari S, Bianchini S, Asti E, Bernardi D, Merigliano S, Provenzano L, Scarpa M, Saadeh L, Salmaso B, De Manzoni G, Giacopuzzi S, La Mendola R, De Pasqual CA, Tsubosa Y, Niihara M, Irino T, Makuuchi R, Ishii K K, Mwachiro M, Fekadu A, Odera A, Mwachiro E, AlShehab D, Ahmed HA, Shebani AO, Elhadi A, Elnagar FA, Elnagar HF, Makkai-Popa ST, Wong LF, Tan YR, Thannimalai S, Ho CA, Pang WS, Tan JH, Basave HNL, Cortés-González R, Lagarde SM, van Lanschot JJB, Cords C, Jansen WA, Martijnse I, Matthijsen R, Bouwense S, Klarenbeek B, Verstegen M, van Workum F, Ruurda JP, van der Sluis PC, de Maat M, Evenett N, Johnston P, Patel R, MacCormick A, Smith B, Ekwunife C, Memon AH, Shaikh K, Wajid A, Khalil N, Haris M, Mirza ZU, Qudus SBA, Sarwar MZ, Shehzadi A, Raza A, Jhanzaib MH, Farmanali J, Zakir Z, Shakeel O, Nasir I, Khattak S, Baig M, Noor MA, Ahmed HH, Naeem A, Pinho AC, da Silva R, Bernardes A, Campos JC, Matos H, Braga T, Monteiro C, Ramos P, Cabral F, Gomes MP, Martins PC, Correia AM, Videira JF, Ciuce C, Drasovean R, Apostu R, Ciuce C, Paitici S, Racu AE, Obleaga CV, Beuran M, Stoica B, Ciubotaru C, Negoita V, Cordos I, Birla RD, Predescu D, Hoara PA, Tomsa R, Shneider V, Agasiev M, Ganjara I, Gunjić D, Veselinović M, Babič T, Chin TS, Shabbir A, Kim G, Crnjac A, Samo H, Díez del Val I, Leturio S, Ramón JM, Dal Cero M, Rifá S, Rico M, Pagan Pomar A, Martinez Corcoles JA, Rodicio Miravalles JL, Pais SA, Turienzo SA, Alvarez LS, Campos PV, Rendo AG, García SS, Santos EPG, Martínez ET, Fernández Díaz MJ, Magadán Álvarez C, Concepción Martín V, Díaz López C, Rosat Rodrigo A, Pérez Sánchez LE, Bailón Cuadrado M, Tinoco Carrasco C, Choolani Bhojwani E, Sánchez DP, Ahmed ME, Dzhendov T, Lindberg F, Rutegård M, Sundbom M, Mickael C, Colucci N, Schnider A, Er S, Kurnaz E, Turkyilmaz S, Turkyilmaz A, Yildirim R, Baki BE, Akkapulu N, Karahan O, Damburaci N, Hardwick R, Safranek P, Sujendran V, Bennett J, Afzal Z, Shrotri M, Chan B, Exarchou K, Gilbert T, Amalesh T, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Wiggins TH, Kennedy R, McCain S, Harris A, Dobson G, Davies N, Wilson I, Mayo D, Bennett D, Young R, Manby P, Blencowe N, Schiller M, Byrne B, Mitton D, Wong V, Elshaer A, Cowen M, Menon V, Tan LC, McLaughlin E, Koshy R, Sharp C, Brewer H, Das N, Cox M, Al Khyatt W, Worku D, Iqbal R, Walls L, McGregor R, Fullarton G, Macdonald A, MacKay C, Craig C, Dwerryhouse S, Hornby S, Jaunoo S, Wadley M, Baker C, Saad M, Kelly M, Davies A, Di Maggio F, McKay S, Mistry P, Singhal R, Tucker O, Kapoulas S, Powell-Brett S, Davis P, Bromley G, Watson L, Verma R, Ward J, Shetty V, Ball C, Pursnani K, Sarela A, Sue Ling H, Mehta S, Hayden J, To N, Palser T, Hunter D, Supramaniam K, Butt Z, Ahmed A, Kumar S, Chaudry A, Moussa O, Kordzadeh A, Lorenzi B, Wilson M, Patil P, Noaman I, Bouras G, Evans R, Singh M, Warrilow H, Ahmad A, Tewari N, Yanni F, Couch J, Theophilidou E, Reilly JJ, Singh P, van Boxel G, Akbari K, Zanotti D, Sanders G, Wheatley T, Ariyarathenam A, Reece-Smith A, Humphreys L, Choh C, Carter N, Knight B, Pucher P, Athanasiou A, Mohamed I, Tan B, Abdulrahman M, Vickers J, Akhtar K, Chaparala R, Brown R, Alasmar MMA, Ackroyd R, Patel K, Tamhankar A, Wyman A, Walker R, Grace B, Abbassi N, Slim N, Ioannidi L, Blackshaw G, Havard T, Escofet X, Powell A, Owera A, Rashid F, Jambulingam P, Padickakudi J, Ben-Younes H, Mccormack K, Makey IA, Karush MK, Seder CW, Liptay MJ, Chmielewski G, Rosato EL, Berger AC, Zheng R, Okolo E, Singh A, Scott CD, Weyant MJ, Mitchell JD. Textbook outcome following oesophagectomy for cancer: international cohort study. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znac016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Textbook outcome has been proposed as a tool for the assessment of oncological surgical care. However, an international assessment in patients undergoing oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer has not been reported. This study aimed to assess textbook outcome in an international setting.
Methods
Patients undergoing curative resection for oesophageal cancer were identified from the international Oesophagogastric Anastomosis Audit (OGAA) from April 2018 to December 2018. Textbook outcome was defined as the percentage of patients who underwent a complete tumour resection with at least 15 lymph nodes in the resected specimen and an uneventful postoperative course, without hospital readmission. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors independently associated with textbook outcome, and results are presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95 per cent confidence intervals (95 per cent c.i.).
Results
Of 2159 patients with oesophageal cancer, 39.7 per cent achieved a textbook outcome. The outcome parameter ‘no major postoperative complication’ had the greatest negative impact on a textbook outcome for patients with oesophageal cancer, compared to other textbook outcome parameters. Multivariable analysis identified male gender and increasing Charlson comorbidity index with a significantly lower likelihood of textbook outcome. Presence of 24-hour on-call rota for oesophageal surgeons (OR 2.05, 95 per cent c.i. 1.30 to 3.22; P = 0.002) and radiology (OR 1.54, 95 per cent c.i. 1.05 to 2.24; P = 0.027), total minimally invasive oesophagectomies (OR 1.63, 95 per cent c.i. 1.27 to 2.08; P < 0.001), and chest anastomosis above azygous (OR 2.17, 95 per cent c.i. 1.58 to 2.98; P < 0.001) were independently associated with a significantly increased likelihood of textbook outcome.
Conclusion
Textbook outcome is achieved in less than 40 per cent of patients having oesophagectomy for cancer. Improvements in centralization, hospital resources, access to minimal access surgery, and adoption of newer techniques for improving lymph node yield could improve textbook outcome.
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Kamarajah SK, Evans RPT, Nepogodiev D, Hodson J, Bundred JR, Gockel I, Gossage JA, Isik A, Kidane B, Mahendran HA, Negoi I, Okonta KE, Sayyed R, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra RS, Wijnhoven BPL, Singh P, Griffiths EA, Kamarajah SK, Hodson J, Griffiths EA, Alderson D, Bundred J, Evans RPT, Gossage J, Griffiths EA, Jefferies B, Kamarajah SK, McKay S, Mohamed I, Nepogodiev D, Siaw-Acheampong K, Singh P, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra R, Wanigasooriya K, Whitehouse T, Gjata A, Moreno JI, Takeda FR, Kidane B, Guevara Castro R, Harustiak T, Bekele A, Kechagias A, Gockel I, Kennedy A, Da Roit A, Bagajevas A, Azagra JS, Mahendran HA, Mejía-Fernández L, Wijnhoven BPL, El Kafsi J, Sayyed RH, Sousa M M, Sampaio AS, Negoi I, Blanco R, Wallner B, Schneider PM, Hsu PK, Isik A, Gananadha S, Wills V, Devadas M, Duong C, Talbot M, Hii MW, Jacobs R, Andreollo NA, Johnston B, Darling G, Isaza-Restrepo A, Rosero G, Arias-Amézquita F, Raptis D, Gaedcke J, Reim D, Izbicki J, Egberts JH, Dikinis S, Kjaer DW, Larsen MH, Achiam MP, Saarnio J, Theodorou D, Liakakos T, Korkolis DP, Robb WB, Collins C, Murphy T, Reynolds J, Tonini V, Migliore M, Bonavina L, Valmasoni M, Bardini R, Weindelmayer J, Terashima M, White RE, Alghunaim E, Elhadi M, Leon-Takahashi AM, Medina-Franco H, Lau PC, Okonta KE, Heisterkamp J, Rosman C, van Hillegersberg R, Beban G, Babor R, Gordon A, Rossaak JI, Pal KMI, Qureshi AU, Naqi SA, Syed AA, Barbosa J, Vicente CS, Leite J, Freire J, Casaca R, Costa RCT, Scurtu RR, Mogoanta SS, Bolca C, Constantinoiu S, Sekhniaidze D, Bjelović M, So JBY, Gačevski G, Loureiro C, Pera M, Bianchi A, Moreno Gijón M, Martín Fernández J, Trugeda Carrera MS, Vallve-Bernal M, Cítores Pascual MA, Elmahi S, Halldestam I, Hedberg J, Mönig S, Gutknecht S, Tez M, Guner A, Tirnaksiz MB, Colak E, Sevinç B, Hindmarsh A, Khan I, Khoo D, Byrom R, Gokhale J, Wilkerson P, Jain P, Chan D, Robertson K, Iftikhar S, Skipworth R, Forshaw M, Higgs S, Gossage J, Nijjar R, Viswanath YKS, Turner P, Dexter S, Boddy A, Allum WH, Oglesby S, Cheong E, Beardsmore D, Vohra R, Maynard N, Berrisford R, Mercer S, Puig S, Melhado R, Kelty C, Underwood T, Dawas K, Lewis W, Bryce G, Thomas M, Arndt AT, Palazzo F, Meguid RA, Fergusson J, Beenen E, Mosse C, Salim J, Cheah S, Wright T, Cerdeira MP, McQuillan P, Richardson M, Liem H, Spillane J, Yacob M, Albadawi F, Thorpe T, Dingle A, Cabalag C, Loi K, Fisher OM, Ward S, Read M, Johnson M, Bassari R, Bui H, Cecconello I, Sallum RAA, da Rocha JRM, Lopes LR, Tercioti Jr V, Coelho JDS, Ferrer JAP, Buduhan G, Tan L, Srinathan S, Shea P, Yeung J, Allison F, Carroll P, Vargas-Barato F, Gonzalez F, Ortega J, Nino-Torres L, Beltrán-García TC, Castilla L, Pineda M, Bastidas A, Gómez-Mayorga J, Cortés N, Cetares C, Caceres S, Duarte S, Pazdro A, Snajdauf M, Faltova H, Sevcikova M, Mortensen PB, Katballe N, Ingemann T, Morten B, Kruhlikava I, Ainswort AP, Stilling NM, Eckardt J, Holm J, Thorsteinsson M, Siemsen M, Brandt B, Nega B, Teferra E, Tizazu A, Kauppila JH, Koivukangas V, Meriläinen S, Gruetzmann R, Krautz C, Weber G, Golcher H, Emons G, Azizian A, Ebeling M, Niebisch S, Kreuser N, Albanese G, Hesse J, Volovnik L, Boecher U, Reeh M, Triantafyllou S, Schizas D, Michalinos A, Balli E, Mpoura M, Charalabopoulos A, Manatakis DK, Balalis D, Bolger J, Baban C, Mastrosimone A, McAnena O, Quinn A, Ó Súilleabháin CB, Hennessy MM, Ivanovski I, Khizer H, Ravi N, Donlon N, Cervellera M, Vaccari S, Bianchini S, Asti E, Bernardi D, Merigliano S, Provenzano L, Scarpa M, Saadeh L, Salmaso B, De Manzoni G, Giacopuzzi S, La Mendola R, De Pasqual CA, Tsubosa Y, Niihara M, Irino T, Makuuchi R, Ishii K K, Mwachiro M, Fekadu A, Odera A, Mwachiro E, AlShehab D, Ahmed HA, Shebani AO, Elhadi A, Elnagar FA, Elnagar HF, Makkai-Popa ST, Wong LF, Tan YR, Thannimalai S, Ho CA, Pang WS, Tan JH, Basave HNL, Cortés-González R, Lagarde SM, van Lanschot JJB, Cords C, Jansen WA, Martijnse I, Matthijsen R, Bouwense S, Klarenbeek B, Verstegen M, van Workum F, Ruurda JP, van der Sluis PC, de Maat M, Evenett N, Johnston P, Patel R, MacCormick A, Smith B, Ekwunife C, Memon AH, Shaikh K, Wajid A, Khalil N, Haris M, Mirza ZU, Qudus SBA, Sarwar MZ, Shehzadi A, Raza A, Jhanzaib MH, Farmanali J, Zakir Z, Shakeel O, Nasir I, Khattak S, Baig M, Noor MA, Ahmed HH, Naeem A, Pinho AC, da Silva R, Bernardes A, Campos JC, Matos H, Braga T, Monteiro C, Ramos P, Cabral F, Gomes MP, Martins PC, Correia AM, Videira JF, Ciuce C, Drasovean R, Apostu R, Ciuce C, Paitici S, Racu AE, Obleaga CV, Beuran M, Stoica B, Ciubotaru C, Negoita V, Cordos I, Birla RD, Predescu D, Hoara PA, Tomsa R, Shneider V, Agasiev M, Ganjara I, Gunjić D, Veselinović M, Babič T, Chin TS, Shabbir A, Kim G, Crnjac A, Samo H, Díez del Val I, Leturio S, Ramón JM, Dal Cero M, Rifá S, Rico M, Pagan Pomar A, Martinez Corcoles JA, Rodicio Miravalles JL, Pais SA, Turienzo SA, Alvarez LS, Campos PV, Rendo AG, García SS, Santos EPG, Martínez ET, Fernández Díaz MJ, Magadán Álvarez C, Concepción Martín V, Díaz López C, Rosat Rodrigo A, Pérez Sánchez LE, Bailón Cuadrado M, Tinoco Carrasco C, Choolani Bhojwani E, Sánchez DP, Ahmed ME, Dzhendov T, Lindberg F, Rutegård M, Sundbom M, Mickael C, Colucci N, Schnider A, Er S, Kurnaz E, Turkyilmaz S, Turkyilmaz A, Yildirim R, Baki BE, Akkapulu N, Karahan O, Damburaci N, Hardwick R, Safranek P, Sujendran V, Bennett J, Afzal Z, Shrotri M, Chan B, Exarchou K, Gilbert T, Amalesh T, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Wiggins TH, Kennedy R, McCain S, Harris A, Dobson G, Davies N, Wilson I, Mayo D, Bennett D, Young R, Manby P, Blencowe N, Schiller M, Byrne B, Mitton D, Wong V, Elshaer A, Cowen M, Menon V, Tan LC, McLaughlin E, Koshy R, Sharp C, Brewer H, Das N, Cox M, Al Khyatt W, Worku D, Iqbal R, Walls L, McGregor R, Fullarton G, Macdonald A, MacKay C, Craig C, Dwerryhouse S, Hornby S, Jaunoo S, Wadley M, Baker C, Saad M, Kelly M, Davies A, Di Maggio F, McKay S, Mistry P, Singhal R, Tucker O, Kapoulas S, Powell-Brett S, Davis P, Bromley G, Watson L, Verma R, Ward J, Shetty V, Ball C, Pursnani K, Sarela A, Sue Ling H, Mehta S, Hayden J, To N, Palser T, Hunter D, Supramaniam K, Butt Z, Ahmed A, Kumar S, Chaudry A, Moussa O, Kordzadeh A, Lorenzi B, Wilson M, Patil P, Noaman I, Bouras G, Evans R, Singh M, Warrilow H, Ahmad A, Tewari N, Yanni F, Couch J, Theophilidou E, Reilly JJ, Singh P, van Boxel G, Akbari K, Zanotti D, Sanders G, Wheatley T, Ariyarathenam A, Reece-Smith A, Humphreys L, Choh C, Carter N, Knight B, Pucher P, Athanasiou A, Mohamed I, Tan B, Abdulrahman M, Vickers J, Akhtar K, Chaparala R, Brown R, Alasmar MMA, Ackroyd R, Patel K, Tamhankar A, Wyman A, Walker R, Grace B, Abbassi N, Slim N, Ioannidi L, Blackshaw G, Havard T, Escofet X, Powell A, Owera A, Rashid F, Jambulingam P, Padickakudi J, Ben-Younes H, Mccormack K, Makey IA, Karush MK, Seder CW, Liptay MJ, Chmielewski G, Rosato EL, Berger AC, Zheng R, Okolo E, Singh A, Scott CD, Weyant MJ, Mitchell JD. Textbook outcome following oesophagectomy for cancer: international cohort study. Br J Surg 2022; 109:439-449. [PMID: 35194634 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Textbook outcome has been proposed as a tool for the assessment of oncological surgical care. However, an international assessment in patients undergoing oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer has not been reported. This study aimed to assess textbook outcome in an international setting. METHODS Patients undergoing curative resection for oesophageal cancer were identified from the international Oesophagogastric Anastomosis Audit (OGAA) from April 2018 to December 2018. Textbook outcome was defined as the percentage of patients who underwent a complete tumour resection with at least 15 lymph nodes in the resected specimen and an uneventful postoperative course, without hospital readmission. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors independently associated with textbook outcome, and results are presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95 per cent confidence intervals (95 per cent c.i.). RESULTS Of 2159 patients with oesophageal cancer, 39.7 per cent achieved a textbook outcome. The outcome parameter 'no major postoperative complication' had the greatest negative impact on a textbook outcome for patients with oesophageal cancer, compared to other textbook outcome parameters. Multivariable analysis identified male gender and increasing Charlson comorbidity index with a significantly lower likelihood of textbook outcome. Presence of 24-hour on-call rota for oesophageal surgeons (OR 2.05, 95 per cent c.i. 1.30 to 3.22; P = 0.002) and radiology (OR 1.54, 95 per cent c.i. 1.05 to 2.24; P = 0.027), total minimally invasive oesophagectomies (OR 1.63, 95 per cent c.i. 1.27 to 2.08; P < 0.001), and chest anastomosis above azygous (OR 2.17, 95 per cent c.i. 1.58 to 2.98; P < 0.001) were independently associated with a significantly increased likelihood of textbook outcome. CONCLUSION Textbook outcome is achieved in less than 40 per cent of patients having oesophagectomy for cancer. Improvements in centralization, hospital resources, access to minimal access surgery, and adoption of newer techniques for improving lymph node yield could improve textbook outcome.
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Hussain R, Guangbin Z, Abbas RZ, Siddique AB, Mohiuddin M, Khan I, Rehman TU, Khan A. Clostridium perfringens Types A and D Involved in Peracute Deaths in Goats Kept in Cholistan Ecosystem During Winter Season. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:849856. [PMID: 35372540 PMCID: PMC8971777 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.849856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxemia is a severe and peracute disease caused by Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) rendering high mortality leading to huge economic losses, especially in small ruminants. The bacterium induces peracute death in animals based on the rapid production of different lethal toxins. Mortality occurred three private herds of two breeds, i.e., Makhi Cheeni and Beetal, and one non-descriptive (Teddy) herds reared in the desert area of Bahawalpur, Pakistan. At necropsy, tissue samples for histopathology and intestinal contents for bacterial isolation and culture were collected. Following the standard procedure, tissue slides were prepared. Multiplex PCR was used to identify toxinotypes using specific primers. Morbidity, mortality, and case fatality in Makhi Cheeni, Beetal, and Teddy goats caused by enterotoxemia were 87.58, 75.81, and 76.11%, respectively. Based on toxinotypes in the present outbreaks, C. perfringens type A (cpα = 20.7%; cpα + cpβ2 = 11.2%) and C. perfringens type D (cpα + cpβ2 + etx = 47.7%; cpα + etx = 20.7%) were detected. Deaths due to C. perfringens type D (68.10%) were significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared with deaths by C. perfringens type A (34.90%). Petechiation of serosal surfaces, hemorrhage of intestines, lungs, and liver were seen. Kidneys were soft, and under the microscope, tubules were studded with erythrocytes. There was stunting and fusion in the intestinal villi. From this study, we concluded that endotoxemia can occur in any season; thus, a proper vaccination schedule must be followed for the protection of small ruminants' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riaz Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Zhang Guangbin
- Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, China
| | - Rao Zahid Abbas
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abu Baker Siddique
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mudassar Mohiuddin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Iahtasham Khan
- Section of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tauseef Ur Rehman
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Ahrar Khan
- Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, China
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Ahrar Khan
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Ahmad S, Zainab, Ahmad H, Khan I, Alghamdi S, Almehmadi M, Ali M, Ullah A, Hussain H, Khan NM, Ali F, Ahmad M. Green synthesis of gold nanaoparticles using Delphinium Chitralense tuber extracts, their characterization and enzyme inhibitory potential. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e257622. [PMID: 35293518 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.257622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Green synthesis has been introduced as an alternative to chemical synthesis due to the serious consequences. Metal nanoparticles synthesized through green approach have different pharmaceutical, medical and agricultural applications. The present study followed a green and simple route for the preparation of potentially bioactive gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). Au NPs were prepared via green synthesis approach using crude basic alkaloidal portion of the tuber of Delphinium chitralense. The green synthesized Au NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and UV-Visible spectrophotometer. Morphological analysis shows that Au NPs have cubic geometry with different sizes. UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis confirmed the synthesis of Au NPs while XRD proved their pure crystalline phase. The Au NPs showed promising dose dependent inhibition of both AChE and BChE as compared to the crude as well as standard drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ahmad
- University of Malakand, Department of Chemistry, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.,Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Department of Pharmacy, Dir (Upper), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Zainab
- University of Malakand, Department of Chemistry, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - H Ahmad
- University of Malakand, Department of Chemistry, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - I Khan
- Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Department of Chemistry, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Alghamdi
- Umm Al-Qura University, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Laboratory Medicine Department, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Almehmadi
- Taif University, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Ali
- University of Malakand, Department of Chemistry, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - A Ullah
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Department of Pharmacy, Dir (Upper), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - H Hussain
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Department of Pharmacy, Dir (Upper), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - N M Khan
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Department of Agriculture, Dir (Upper), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - F Ali
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Department of Chemistry, Dir (Upper), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Ahmad
- University of Malakand, Department of Chemistry, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Khan I. Auto-extraction in special care patients. Br Dent J 2022; 232:132-133. [PMID: 35149786 PMCID: PMC8832433 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-022-3945-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I Khan
- By email, West Midlands, UK
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Khan I, Rooh G, Ullah I, Srisittipokakun N, Kothan S, Alhuthali A, Shoaib M, Hussain A, Kaewkhao J. Development of bright orange-reddish color emitting material from Sm3+-doped Y2O3 based borosilicate glasses for solid state lighting materials. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2021.121283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Boobes Y, AlKindi F, Safdani F, Al Hakim M, AlHanaee A, Mzayen K, Budruddin M, Khan I, George A, Saad M, Al Dhaheri W, Abou Najab I, Chaaban A. POS-554 OUTCOMES OF ACUTE MESENTERIC ISCHAEMIA IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Shehzad A, Masud A, Fatima T, Khan FM, Rehman S, Effendi MH, Suwanti LT, Khan I, Tyasningsih W, Faisal S, Abadeen ZU, Bibi S. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and associated alterations in hematology and serum biochemistry of one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Pakistan. Vet World 2022; 15:110-118. [PMID: 35369577 PMCID: PMC8924402 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.110-118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan that infects humans and animals. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of T. gondii and the associated alterations in hematology and serum biochemistry of one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Mianwali district, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: A total of 350 blood samples were obtained from male and female camels of different ages (≤3 years old, 4-6 years old, and ≥7 years old). To validate T. gondii antibodies, the collected samples were subjected to indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using purified recombinant micronemal protein 3 as an antibody catching antigen. Results: The prevalence of T. gondii was 50.2% higher in male camels than in female camels (16.5%) (p<0.001). Furthermore, the prevalence of T. gondii in camels was directly proportional to age (p<0.001). It was 63.33% (57/90) in camels of ≥7 years of age, 32.54% in 4-6 years old age group, and 23.08% in ≤3 years old age group. The hematological analysis of infected camels revealed a significant increase in the values of glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism, lymphocyte percentage, monocyte percentage (MONO%), corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and procalcitonin. Furthermore, substantially higher levels of liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and the macro-mineral potassium were found in the serum of T. gondii-infected camels. Conclusion: The seropositivity of T. gondii is directly associated with the age and sex of camels, which may be considered as potential risk factors. Furthermore, T. gondii infection directly impacts the hemato-biochemistry of infected camels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Shehzad
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; Livestock and Dairy Development, Government of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Awais Masud
- Livestock and Dairy Development, Government of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tabassam Fatima
- Department of Parasitology, Riphah College of Veterinary Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fraz Munir Khan
- Livestock and Dairy Development, Government of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saifur Rehman
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Mustofa Helmi Effendi
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Lucia Tri Suwanti
- Department Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Iahtasham Khan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Epidemiology and Public Health, Jhang Campus, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Wiwiek Tyasningsih
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Shah Faisal
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Airlangga Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Zain Ul Abadeen
- Department of Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Samreen Bibi
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha Division, Punjab, Pakistan
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Ullah R, Qureshi AW, Sajid A, Khan I, Ullah A, Taj R. Percentage Incidences of Bacteria in Mahseer (Tor putitora), Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) Fish Collected from Hatcheries and Local Markets of District Malakand and Peshawar of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e251747. [PMID: 35019091 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.251747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish is the main source of animal protein for human diet. The aim of this study was to find out prevalence of pathogenic bacteria of two selected economically important fish of Pakistan namely Mahseer (Tor putitora) and Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). Live fish samples from hatcheries and dead fish samples from different markets of study area were randomly collected. The fish samples were analyzed for isolation, identification and prevalence of bacteria. The isolated bacteria from study fish were identified through biochemical test and about 10 species of pathogenic bacteria were identified including the pathogenic bacteria to human and fish namely, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus iniae, Serratia spp. Citrobacter spp. Stenotrophomonas spp. Bacillus spp. and Salmonella spp. The bacterial percentage frequency of occurrence in Silver carp and Mahseer fish showed Pseudomonas aeruginosa 21.42%, Staphylococcus epidermidis 17.85%, Escherichia coli 11.90%, Staphylococcus aureus 9.52%, Citrobacter spp. 9.52%, Serratia spp. 8.33%, Streptococcus iniae 7.14%, Stenotrophomonas spp. 5.95%, Bacillus spp. 4.76% and Salmonella spp. 3.57%. The study revealed that Fish samples of Mahseer and Silver carp that were collected from markets have found more isolates (10 bacterial species) than did the fresh fish pond samples (03 bacterial species) of hatcheries. The occurrence of pathogenic bacteria in study fish showed risk factor for public health consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ullah
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - A W Qureshi
- Department of Zoology, GC Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - A Sajid
- College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - I Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - A Ullah
- College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - R Taj
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Aljuhani SH, Almogbel AA, Khan I, Bahusayn AA, Yousafzai YM, Ahmed FY, Zeb H, Mirza AA, Choudary H, Abuzenadah A, Harakeh S, Saka MY. Dual Inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Leukemic Cell Lines Upregulates Long Non-Coding RNAs RNCR3 UCA1 and HULC. Indian J Pharm Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.spl.584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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47
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Herninda TM, Merinda L, Putri GK, Grimonia E, Hamidah NL, Nugroho G, Yandri E, Zekker I, Khan I, Shah LA, Setyobudi RH. Analysis of thermal management in prismatic and cylindrical lithium-ion batteries with mass flow rate and geometry of cooling plate channel variation for cooling system based on computational fluid dynamics. PEAS 2022. [DOI: 10.3176/proc.2022.3.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Awais M, Ahmad W, Asif AR, Muhammad SA, Khan I, Ali MA, Riaz MQ, Saqib M. Effects of a Mixture of Acacia Honey and Povidone-Iodine on the Healing of Full Thickness Skin Wound in Normal and Dexamethasone Treated Rabbits. PAK J ZOOL 2021. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20190202100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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49
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Ishaq HM, Mohammad IS, Sher Muhammad K, Li H, Abbas RZ, Din Sindhu ZU, Ullah S, Fan Y, Sadiq A, Raza MA, Hussain R, Arshad HM, Khan I, Waqas MU, Ul-Rahman A, Yasin R, Rehman A, Akhtar RW, Xu J. Gut microbial dysbiosis and its association with esophageal cancer. J Appl Biomed 2021; 19:1-13. [PMID: 34907711 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2021.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its aggressive nature and low survival rate, esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest cancer. While the intestinal microbiome significantly influences human health and disease. This research aimed to investigate and characterize the relative abundance of intestinal bacterial composition in esophageal cancer patients. The fecal samples were collected from esophageal cancer patients (n = 15) and healthy volunteers (n = 10). The PCR-DGGE was carried out by focusing on the V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene, and qPCR was performed for Bacteroides vulgatus, Escherichia coli, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium leptum and Lactobacillus. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene targeting the V3+V4 region was performed on 20 randomly selected samples. PCR-DGGE and High-throughput diversity results showed a significant alteration of gut bacterial composition between the experimental and control groups, which indicates the gut microbial dysbiosis in esophageal cancer patients. At the phylum level, there was significant enrichment of Bacteroidetes, while a non-significant decrease of Firmicutes in the experimental group. At family statistics, a significantly higher level of Bacteroidaceae and Enterobacteriaceae, while a significantly lower abundance of Prevotellaceae and Veillonellaceae were observed. There was a significantly high prevalence of genera Bacteroides, Escherichia-Shigella, while a significantly lower abundance of Prevotella_9 and Dialister in the experimental group as compared to the control group. Furthermore, the species analysis also showed significantly raised level of Bacteroides vulgatus and Escherichia coli in the experimental group. These findings revealed a significant gut microbial dysbiosis in esophageal cancer patients. So, the current study can be used for the understanding of esophageal cancer treatment, disease pathway, mechanism, and probiotic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Epidemiology and public Health, Lahore Sub-campus Jhang, Pakistan.,Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Imran Shair Mohammad
- Sun Yat-sen University, University Town, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kiran Sher Muhammad
- University of Agriculture, Department of Zoology Wild-life and Fisheries, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Huan Li
- Xi'an Mental Health Centre, Xi'an, China
| | - Rao Zahid Abbas
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Department of Parasitology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zia Ud Din Sindhu
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Department of Parasitology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shakir Ullah
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Epidemiology and public Health, Lahore Sub-campus Jhang, Pakistan
| | - Yang Fan
- Xinxiang Medical University, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Microbiology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Abbas Sadiq
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, Department of Pathology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Raza
- Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Islamia University of Bahawalpur-63100, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Pathology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Muhammad Umair Waqas
- Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Aziz Ul-Rahman
- Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Yasin
- Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Atif Rehman
- Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Rana Waseem Akhtar
- Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Jiru Xu
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Epidemiology and public Health, Lahore Sub-campus Jhang, Pakistan
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Evans RPT, Kamarajah SK, Bundred J, Nepogodiev D, Hodson J, van Hillegersberg R, Gossage J, Vohra R, Griffiths EA, Singh P, Evans RPT, Hodson J, Kamarajah SK, Griffiths EA, Singh P, Alderson D, Bundred J, Evans RPT, Gossage J, Griffiths EA, Jefferies B, Kamarajah SK, McKay S, Mohamed I, Nepogodiev D, Siaw- Acheampong K, Singh P, van Hillegersberg R, Vohra R, Wanigasooriya K, Whitehouse T, Gjata A, Moreno JI, Takeda FR, Kidane B, Guevara Castro R, Harustiak T, Bekele A, Kechagias A, Gockel I, Kennedy A, Da Roit A, Bagajevas A, Azagra JS, Mahendran HA, Mejía-Fernández L, Wijnhoven BPL, El Kafsi J, Sayyed RH, Sousa M, Sampaio AS, Negoi I, Blanco R, Wallner B, Schneider PM, Hsu PK, Isik A, Gananadha S, Wills V, Devadas M, Duong C, Talbot M, Hii MW, Jacobs R, Andreollo NA, Johnston B, Darling G, Isaza-Restrepo A, Rosero G, Arias-Amézquita F, Raptis D, Gaedcke J, Reim D, Izbicki J, Egberts JH, Dikinis S, Kjaer DW, Larsen MH, Achiam MP, Saarnio J, Theodorou D, Liakakos T, Korkolis DP, Robb WB, Collins C, Murphy T, Reynolds J, Tonini V, Migliore M, Bonavina L, Valmasoni M, Bardini R, Weindelmayer J, Terashima M, White RE, Alghunaim E, Elhadi M, Leon-Takahashi AM, Medina-Franco H, Lau PC, Okonta KE, Heisterkamp J, Rosman C, van Hillegersberg R, Beban G, Babor R, Gordon A, Rossaak JI, Pal KMI, Qureshi AU, Naqi SA, Syed AA, Barbosa J, Vicente CS, Leite J, Freire J, Casaca R, Costa RCT, Scurtu RR, Mogoanta SS, Bolca C, Constantinoiu S, Sekhniaidze D, Bjelović M, So JBY, Gačevski G, Loureiro C, Pera M, Bianchi A, Moreno Gijón M, Martín Fernández J, Trugeda Carrera MS, Vallve-Bernal M, Cítores Pascual MA, Elmahi S, Hedberg J, Mönig S, Gutknecht S, Tez M, Guner A, Tirnaksiz TB, Colak E, Sevinç B, Hindmarsh A, Khan I, Khoo D, Byrom R, Gokhale J, Wilkerson P, Jain P, Chan D, Robertson K, Iftikhar S, Skipworth R, Forshaw M, Higgs S, Gossage J, Nijjar R, Viswanath YKS, Turner P, Dexter S, Boddy A, Allum WH, Oglesby S, Cheong E, Beardsmore D, Vohra R, Maynard N, Berrisford R, Mercer S, Puig S, Melhado R, Kelty C, Underwood T, Dawas K, Lewis W, Al-Bahrani A, Bryce G, Thomas M, Arndt AT, Palazzo F, Meguid RA, Fergusson J, Beenen E, Mosse C, Salim J, Cheah S, Wright T, Cerdeira MP, McQuillan P, Richardson M, Liem H, Spillane J, Yacob M, Albadawi F, Thorpe T, Dingle A, Cabalag C, Loi K, Fisher OM, Ward S, Read M, Johnson M, Bassari R, Bui H, Cecconello I, Sallum RAA, da Rocha JRM, Lopes LR, Tercioti V, Coelho JDS, Ferrer JAP, Buduhan G, Tan L, Srinathan S, Shea P, Yeung J, Allison F, Carroll P, Vargas-Barato F, Gonzalez F, Ortega J, Nino-Torres L, Beltrán-García TC, Castilla L, Pineda M, Bastidas A, Gómez-Mayorga J, Cortés N, Cetares C, Caceres S, Duarte S, Pazdro A, Snajdauf M, Faltova H, Sevcikova M, Mortensen PB, Katballe N, Ingemann T, Morten B, Kruhlikava I, Ainswort AP, Stilling NM, Eckardt J, Holm J, Thorsteinsson M, Siemsen M, Brandt B, Nega B, Teferra E, Tizazu A, Kauppila JS, Koivukangas V, Meriläinen S, Gruetzmann R, Krautz C, Weber G, Golcher H, Emons G, Azizian A, Ebeling M, Niebisch S, Kreuser N, Albanese G, Hesse J, Volovnik L, Boecher U, Reeh M, Triantafyllou S, Schizas D, Michalinos A, Baili E, Mpoura M, Charalabopoulos A, Manatakis DK, Balalis D, Bolger J, Baban C, Mastrosimone A, McAnena O, Quinn A, Súilleabháin CBÓ, Hennessy MM, Ivanovski I, Khizer H, Ravi N, Donlon N, Cervellera M, Vaccari S, Bianchini S, Sartarelli L, Asti E, Bernardi D, Merigliano S, Provenzano L, Scarpa M, Saadeh L, Salmaso B, De Manzoni G, Giacopuzzi S, La Mendola R, De Pasqual CA, Tsubosa Y, Niihara M, Irino T, Makuuchi R, Ishii K, Mwachiro M, Fekadu A, Odera A, Mwachiro E, AlShehab D, Ahmed HA, Shebani AO, Elhadi A, Elnagar FA, Elnagar HF, Makkai-Popa ST, Wong LF, Yunrong T, Thanninalai S, Aik HC, Soon PW, Huei TJ, Basave HNL, Cortés-González R, Lagarde SM, van Lanschot JJB, Cords C, Jansen WA, Martijnse I, Matthijsen R, Bouwense S, Klarenbeek B, Verstegen M, van Workum F, Ruurda JP, van der Veen A, van den Berg JW, Evenett N, Johnston P, Patel R, MacCormick A, Young M, Smith B, Ekwunife C, Memon AH, Shaikh K, Wajid A, Khalil N, Haris M, Mirza ZU, Qudus SBA, Sarwar MZ, Shehzadi A, Raza A, Jhanzaib MH, Farmanali J, Zakir Z, Shakeel O, Nasir I, Khattak S, Baig M, Noor MA, Ahmed HH, Naeem A, Pinho AC, da Silva R, Matos H, Braga T, Monteiro C, Ramos P, Cabral F, Gomes MP, Martins PC, Correia AM, Videira JF, Ciuce C, Drasovean R, Apostu R, Ciuce C, Paitici S, Racu AE, Obleaga CV, Beuran M, Stoica B, Ciubotaru C, Negoita V, Cordos I, Birla RD, Predescu D, Hoara PA, Tomsa R, Shneider V, Agasiev M, Ganjara I, Gunjić D, Veselinović M, Babič T, Chin TS, Shabbir A, Kim G, Crnjac A, Samo H, Díez del Val I, Leturio S, Díez del Val I, Leturio S, Ramón JM, Dal Cero M, Rifá S, Rico M, Pagan Pomar A, Martinez Corcoles JA, Rodicio Miravalles JL, Pais SA, Turienzo SA, Alvarez LS, Campos PV, Rendo AG, García SS, Santos EPG, Martínez ET, Fernández Díaz MJ, Magadán Álvarez C, Concepción Martín V, Díaz López C, Rosat Rodrigo A, Pérez Sánchez LE, Bailón Cuadrado M, Tinoco Carrasco C, Choolani Bhojwani E, Sánchez DP, Ahmed ME, Dzhendov T, Lindberg F, Rutegård M, Sundbom M, Mickael C, Colucci N, Schnider A, Er S, Kurnaz E, Turkyilmaz S, Turkyilmaz A, Yildirim R, Baki BE, Akkapulu N, Karahan O, Damburaci N, Hardwick R, Safranek P, Sujendran V, Bennett J, Afzal Z, Shrotri M, Chan B, Exarchou K, Gilbert T, Amalesh T, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Wiggins TH, Kennedy R, McCain S, Harris A, Dobson G, Davies N, Wilson I, Mayo D, Bennett D, Young R, Manby P, Blencowe N, Schiller M, Byrne B, Mitton D, Wong V, Elshaer A, Cowen M, Menon V, Tan LC, McLaughlin E, Koshy R, Sharp C, Brewer H, Das N, Cox M, Al Khyatt W, Worku D, Iqbal R, Walls L, McGregor R, Fullarton G, Macdonald A, MacKay C, Craig C, Dwerryhouse S, Hornby S, Jaunoo S, Wadley M, Baker C, Saad M, Kelly M, Davies A, Di Maggio F, McKay S, Mistry P, Singhal R, Tucker O, Kapoulas S, Powell-Brett S, Davis P, Bromley G, Watson L, Verma R, Ward J, Shetty V, Ball C, Pursnani K, Sarela A, Sue Ling H, Mehta S, Hayden J, To N, Palser T, Hunter D, Supramaniam K, Butt Z, Ahmed A, Kumar S, Chaudry A, Moussa O, Kordzadeh A, Lorenzi B, Wilson M, Patil P, Noaman I, Willem J, Bouras G, Evans R, Singh M, Warrilow H, Ahmad A, Tewari N, Yanni F, Couch J, Theophilidou E, Reilly JJ, Singh P, van Boxel G, Akbari K, Zanotti D, Sgromo B, Sanders G, Wheatley T, Ariyarathenam A, Reece-Smith A, Humphreys L, Choh C, Carter N, Knight B, Pucher P, Athanasiou A, Mohamed I, Tan B, Abdulrahman M, Vickers J, Akhtar K, Chaparala R, Brown R, Alasmar MMA, Ackroyd R, Patel K, Tamhankar A, Wyman A, Walker R, Grace B, Abbassi N, Slim N, Ioannidi L, Blackshaw G, Havard T, Escofet X, Powell A, Owera A, Rashid F, Jambulingam P, Padickakudi J, Ben-Younes H, McCormack K, Makey IA, Karush MK, Seder CW, Liptay MJ, Chmielewski G, Rosato EL, Berger AC, Zheng R, Okolo E, Singh A, Scott CD, Weyant MJ, Mitchell JD. Postoperative outcomes in oesophagectomy with trainee involvement. BJS Open 2021; 5:zrab132. [PMID: 35038327 PMCID: PMC8763367 DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrab132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complexity of oesophageal surgery and the significant risk of morbidity necessitates that oesophagectomy is predominantly performed by a consultant surgeon, or a senior trainee under their supervision. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of trainee involvement in oesophagectomy on postoperative outcomes in an international multicentre setting. METHODS Data from the multicentre Oesophago-Gastric Anastomosis Study Group (OGAA) cohort study were analysed, which comprised prospectively collected data from patients undergoing oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer between April 2018 and December 2018. Procedures were grouped by the level of trainee involvement, and univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to compare patient outcomes across groups. RESULTS Of 2232 oesophagectomies from 137 centres in 41 countries, trainees were involved in 29.1 per cent of them (n = 650), performing only the abdominal phase in 230, only the chest and/or neck phases in 130, and all phases in 315 procedures. For procedures with a chest anastomosis, those with trainee involvement had similar 90-day mortality, complication and reoperation rates to consultant-performed oesophagectomies (P = 0.451, P = 0.318, and P = 0.382, respectively), while anastomotic leak rates were significantly lower in the trainee groups (P = 0.030). Procedures with a neck anastomosis had equivalent complication, anastomotic leak, and reoperation rates (P = 0.150, P = 0.430, and P = 0.632, respectively) in trainee-involved versus consultant-performed oesophagectomies, with significantly lower 90-day mortality in the trainee groups (P = 0.005). CONCLUSION Trainee involvement was not found to be associated with significantly inferior postoperative outcomes for selected patients undergoing oesophagectomy. The results support continued supervised trainee involvement in oesophageal cancer surgery.
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