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Humbert MV, Costa LE, Katis I, Fonseca Ramos F, Sanchéz Machado A, Sones C, Ferraz Coelho EA, Christodoulides M. A rapid diagnostic test for human Visceral Leishmaniasis using novel Leishmania antigens in a Laser Direct-Write Lateral Flow Device. Emerg Microbes Infect 2019; 8:1178-1185. [PMID: 31381478 PMCID: PMC6713177 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2019.1635430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) causes high morbidity and mortality in low-to-middle-income countries worldwide. In this study, we used Laser Direct-Write (LDW) technology to develop a new Lateral Flow Device (LFD) with double-channel geometry on a low-cost paper platform as a rapid and accurate serodiagnostic assay for human VL. This Duplex VL-LFD was based on a laser-patterned microfluidic device using two recombinant Leishmania proteins, β-tubulin and LiHyp1, as novel diagnostic antigens. The VL-LFD assay was tested with blood/serum samples from patients diagnosed with VL, Tegumentary Leishmaniasis, Leishmaniasis of unknown identity, other parasitic diseases with similar clinical symptoms, i.e. Leprosy Disease and Chagas Disease, and blood from healthy donors, and compared in parallel with commercial rK39 IT-LEISH® Kit. Clinical diagnosis and real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction assay were used as reference standards. VL-LFD Sensitivity (S ± 95% Confidence Intervals (CI)) of 90.9 (78.9-100) and Specificity (Sp ± 95% CI) of 98.7 (96.1-100) outperformed the IT-LEISH® Kit [S = 77.3 (59.8-94.8), Sp = 94.7 (89.6-99.8)]. This is the first study reporting successful development of an LFD assay using the LDW technology and the VL-LFD warrants comparative testing in larger patient cohorts and in areas with endemic VL in order to improve diagnosis and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Victoria Humbert
- a Neisseria Research Group, Molecular Microbiology, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital , Southampton , England
| | - Lourena Emanuele Costa
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Ioannis Katis
- c Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton , Southampton , England
| | - Fernanda Fonseca Ramos
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Amanda Sanchéz Machado
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Collin Sones
- c Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton , Southampton , England
| | - Eduardo Antonio Ferraz Coelho
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil.,d Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Myron Christodoulides
- a Neisseria Research Group, Molecular Microbiology, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital , Southampton , England
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