New Members of the Cinchona Alkaloids Family: Assembly of the Triazole Heterocycle at the 6' Position

The substance class of the well-known Cinchona alkaloids is widened by 6′-Amino-cinchonine and 6′-Amino-cinchonidine, novel compounds which incorporate a primary amino function in the quinolinic ring system. These key intermediates open the field for a range of fruitful chemistry. Here is described a short and direct pathway for the synthesis of triazole containing derivatives of the above-mentioned substances using the [3 + 2] Huisgen cycloaddition. For this purpose, the amines were first converted into the corresponding azides. Based on this, non-substituted and silyl-protected triazoles were synthesized as examples. Furthermore, didehydrated derivatives of quincorine and quincoridine were used as addition partners, resulting in compounds that carry the quinuclidine ring of the cinchona alkaloids at both ends. Some of these compounds were examined radiographically to investigate the position of the quinuclidine ring to the triazole. The solid-state structures of compounds 10, 11 and 28 were determined by X-ray diffraction analyses.

N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) with 1,2,4-oxadiazole-substituents related to natural products: synthesis, structure and potential antitumor activity of some corresponding gold(I) and silver(I) complexes

This work presents the synthesis, characterization and application of eleven new gold (I) complexes 13-23 with 1,2,4-oxadiazole-containing N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands and of the NHC silver(I) complex 24. The 1,2,4-oxadiazole unit, which can be found in a variety of biologically active natural products such as phidianidines or quisqualic acid, was incorporated, along with a variety of other biologically active moieties (anthracene, indole, 2-pyridine, 2,3,4,5-tetra-O-acetyl-D-glucopyranose, quincorine and quincoridine), in order to change the lipophilicity of the complexes, so that the transport of the active units (M-NHC) though the cell wall barrier is facilitated. The biological activity of the complexes was investigated. In vitro assessment of anti-tumor activity in a panel of 12 human tumor cell lines by a monolayer assay revealed impressive potency (mean IC50 < 0.1 μM) and tumor selectivity for 6 compounds, with individual IC50 values in the low nanomolar range. The solid state structures of compounds 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19 and 24 were determined by X-ray diffraction analyses.

Zur Chemie der 1,3,5-Triaza-2-phosphorinan- 4,6-dione. Teil XIV. Darstellung von weiteren P-alkyl- und P-arylsubstituierten 1,3,5-Trimethyl-1,3,5-triaza-2-phosphorinan-4,6-dionen

Die Reaktion von 1,5-Bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,3,5-trimethylbiuret mit Di- bzw. Monochlorphosphanen führte unter Bildung von Me3SiCl zu den 1,3,5-Trimethyl-1,3,5-triaza-2σ 3 λ 3-phosphorinan-4,6-dionen 1–4 bzw. zu den 1,5-Bis(phosphano)-1,3,5-trimethylbiuret-Derivativen 5 und 6. Verbindungen 1, 2 und 4 wurden mittels Einkristall-Röntgenstrukturanalyse charakterisiert. Alle Heterozyklen wiesen eine flache Boot-Konfiguration auf, wobei das Phosphoratom und das gegenüberstehende Stickstoffatom außerhalb der Ebene der restlichen Atome lagen. Oxidation der σ 3 λ 3P-Derivative mit dem 1:1-Harnstoff/Wasserstoffperoxid-Addukt lieferte die entsprechenden 2-Oxo-2σ 4 λ 5-phosphorinan-4,6-dionen 8–11 und die 1,5-Bis(phosphoryl)biuret-Derivate 12 und 13. Die Spirophosphorane 15–22 wurden bei der Reaktion von 1–4 mit Tetrachlor-o-benzochinon, und von 1, 3und 4 mit Hexafluoraceton gebildet. Verbindungen 20 und 21 enthalten einen Oxaphosphetanring, der durch die elektronegativen CF3-Gruppen stabilisiert wird. Verbindung 22 wurde aus 21 durch Verlust der Trimethylsilylgruppe gebildet.Außer 21 wurden alle Oxaphosphetane über ihre 1H-, 13C-, 19F- und 31P-NMR-Spektren und mittels E.I.-Massenspektrometrie characterisiert. Auch für 20 wurde eine Einkristall-Röntgenstrukturanalyse durchgeführt; die Koordination am Phosphor ist stark verzerrt trigonal bipyramidal, wobei der Oxetanring eine axiale und eine equatoriale Lage am Phosphor besetzt. Die Reaktion von 1 mit 1-Trifluormethyl-2-(heptafluorisopropyl)-biacetyl lieferte 23 anstatt eines Oxaphosphetans wie 20.

Asymmetric calixarene derivatives as potential hosts in chiral recognition processes

New chiral derivatives of 15,35,55,75-tetra-tert-butyl-1,3,5,7(1,3)-tetrabenzenacyclooctaphane-12,32,52,72-tetraol [(1); tert-butyl-calix[4]-arene] were synthesized by coupling modified chiral quinuclidines derived from the natural-product-based alkaloids quincorine and quincoridine with the calix[4]arene 1 via either an ester bond or an amide bond. X-ray analyses of two products were performed. Applications of the products in asymmetric catalytic hydrogen transfer reactions are described. A protocol is presented to multi-substitute calix[4]arene at the methylene bridges, resulting in, e.g., 2,6-carboxyl-all-tert-butyl all-methoxy-calix[4]arene.

Zur Chemie der 4,6-Dioxo-1,3,5,2-triazaphosphinane, Teil III. Darstellung von 4,6-Dioxo-1,3,5,2 λ3-, 4,6-Dioxo-1,3,5,2 λ4- und 4,6-Dioxo-1,3,5,2 λ5-triazaphosphinanen / Chemistry of the 4,6-Dioxo-1,3,5,2 λ3-triazaphosphinanes, Part III. Synthesis of 4,6-Dioxo-1,3,5,2 λ3-, 4,6-Dioxo-1,3,5,2 λ4-, and 4,6-Dioxo- 1,3,5,2 λ5-triazaphosphinanes

In the reaction of 2-chloro-1,3,5-trimethyl-4,6-dioxo-1,3,5,2 λ3-triazaphosphinane (1) with β-chloroethylamine hydrochloride and bis-(β-chloroethyl)amine hydrochloride, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2-(β-chloroethyl)amino-4,6-dioxo-1,3,5,2 λ3-triazaphosphinane (4) and 1,3,5-trimethyl-2-bis-(β-chloroethyl)amino-4,6-dioxo-1,3,5,2 λ3-triazaphosphinane (5) were obtained. The reaction of 4 and 5 with sulfur, hexafluoroacetone, tetrachloroorthobenzoquinone and 4-nitrobenzoyl azide gave the 1,3,5-trimethy1-4,6-dioxo-1,3,5,2 λ4-triazaphosphinanes 6 and 9 and the 1,3,5-trimethyl-4,6-dioxo-1,3,5,2 λ5-triazaphosphinanes 7 and 8. The characterization of 4-9 rests, especially, on their 1H, 13C and 31P NMR spectra, mass spectra and X-ray structure determinations of 4 and 5.

Umsetzungen von 2-chlor- und 2-organoaminosubstituierten 5.6-Benzo-1,3-dimethyl-1,3,2-diazaphosphorinan-4-onen mit Aziden / Reactions of 2-Chloro- and 2-Organoamino-Substituted 5.6-Benzo-1,3-dimethyl-1,3,2-diazaphosphorinane-4-ones with Azides

The reaction of 5,6-benzo-2-chloro-1,3-dimethyl-1,3,2-diazaphosphorinane-4-one (1) with trimethylsilyl azide led to the substituted cyclotriphosphazene (3). A monomeric reaction product was not observed by NMR spectroscopy. The diazaphosphorinane 2, with the 2-chloroethyl substituent bonded to the nitrogen atom in a-position to the carbonyl group, did not react with trimethylsilyl azide. An attempt to prepare 3 from N,N'-dimethylanthranilamide 5 and hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene 4 failed, as did the attempt to react 5 with phosphorus pentachloride. The reaction of 5,6-benzo-2-{bis(2-chloroethyl)amino}-1,3-dimethyl- 1.3.2-diazaphosphorinane-4-one (7) and of the related compound 9, bearing only one 2-chloroethyl substituent, with 4-nitrobenzoyl azide furnished, in a normal Staudinger fashion, the monomeric products 8 and 10. In the case of 10, intramolecular P=O···H interaction was demonstrated by IR spectroscopy.

Chemistry of the 1,3,5-Triaza-2-phosphorin-4,6-diones, Part XII*. Synthesis and Characterization of 2-PhenyI-2-(p-tolylthio)-1,3,5- trimethyI-1,3,5-triaza-4,6-dione-2-phosphorinonium Salts

The reaction of 1,5-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,3.5-trimethylbiuret (1) with p-tolylsulfenyl chloride (2) furnished l-(p-tolylthio)-5-trimethylsilyl-1,3,5-trimethylbiuret (3). In the reaction of 3 with phenyldichlorophosphine, 2-phenyl-2-(p-tolylthio)-1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triaza-4,6-dione- 2-phosphorinonium chloride (4) was formed. The same product was obtained from the reaction of 2-phenyl-1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triaza-2λ3- phosphorin-4,6-dione (6) with p-tolylsulfenyl chloride (2). Compound 4 was isolated and characterized in the form of the hexachloroantimonate (4a). The spirophosphorane 2-phenyl-1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triaza-7,10-dioxa-8,9- perchlorobenzo-2λ5-phosphaspiro-[4.5]decan-4,6-dione (7) was prepared by the reaction of 4 with tetrachloroorthobenzoquinone. The new products were characterized by 1H - and 13C NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, 31P NMR spectroscopy in the case of 4a. 6 and 7, and mass spectrometry (4a). Single-crystal X-ray structural analyses of compounds 4a and 7 were conducted. The phosphorus atom of 4a has the expected tetrahedral geometry, with a rather short P-S bond of 204.9(2) pm. In 7 the geometry at phosphorus is almost ideal trigonal bipyramidal. Weak hydrogen bonds are formed from a C (:O) group to deuterochloroform of solvation.

Darstellung und Charakterisierung von 2-substituierten 5,6-Benzo-1-methyl- 3-R-1,3,2-diazaphosphorin-4-onen (R = 2-Morpholinoethyl, 1-Adamantyl) mit Phosphor in den Koordinationszahlen drei, vier und fünf / Synthesis and Characterization of 2-Substituted 5 ,6-Benzo-1-methyl-3-R -1,3,2- diazaphosphorin-4-ones (R = 2-Morpholinoethyl, 1-Adamantyl) Containing Phosphorus with Coordination Numbers Three, Four and Five

The reaction of N-methylisatoic anhydride with 2-morpholinoethylamine or 1-aminoadamantane furnished N-methyl-N′-(2-morpholinoethyl)anthranilamide 1 and N-methyl-N′- ( l-adamantyl)anthranilamide 2, respectively. 1 and 2 are intermediates in the synthesis of the 2-chloro-3-methyl-1,3,2 λ3-diazaphosphorinones 3 and 4 by reaction of 1 and 2 with PCI3. The reaction of 3 with bis(2-chloroethyl)amine hydrochloride/triethylamine or (2-chloroethyl)amine hydrochloride/triethylamine formed the 2-substituted diazaphosphorinones 5 and 6. Hydrolysis of 3 led to the 2-oxo-λ4P-compound 7. The reaction of 6 with hexafluoroacetone furnished the (λ5) phosphorane 8. 5 reacted with C7H8Cr(CO)4 to form complex 9 whereas oxidation of 5 with the H2O2: urea 1:1 adduct yielded the phosphoryl compound 10. The crystal structure of 1 displays two independent molecules that show different chain conformations. Both molecules form chains parallel to the y-axis by intermolecular N (amide)-H···O(amide) bonds. The crystal structure of 6 shows a half-boat conformation for the phosphorinone ring; the P atom lies out of the plane. Again the molecules are linked by H-bonds into chains parallel to the y-axis.

Synthese und Komplexierung Phosphorylierter spacer-modifizierter Glucosederivate/ Synthesis and Complexation of Spacer Modified Phosphorylated Glucose Derivatives

Treatment of the spacer modified glucose derivative 1 with diethylaminotrimethylsilane furnished the bis-silylated molecule 2. Reaction of 2 with two equivalents of the phosphorus compounds 3, 4, and 5 led to the spacer phosphorylated glucosyl derivatives 6, 7 and 8. Complexation of 6 with (COD)PtCl2 gave complex 9; the cis-conformation of 9 could be confirmed by 31P NMR investigations

A New Synthesis of Tetrakis(C-methyl)octakis(hydroxyethyl)calix[4]- resorcinarene via an Ethoxy-Tethered Trimethylsiloxy Precursor

The octakis(trimethylsiloxy)calix[4]resorcinarenes, 3 and 4, were synthesized by reaction of 1 and its tetrabromo derivative 2 with hexamethyldisilazane, and were found to exhibit dynamic behaviour in solution. Temperature-dependent NMR investigations confirmed the presence of at least two conformational isomers of 3 in solution. The conformation of 3 in the solid state was determined by an X-ray crystal structure analysis; the calixarene displays a boat conformation.

The introduction of the ethoxy group as a spacer into the molecule of 1 was effected via its reaction with ethyl bromoacetate and subsequent reduction with lithium aluminium hydride forming the ethoxy-tethered C-methylcalix[4]resorcinarene 6 in an impure state. Reaction of crude 6 with hexamethyldisilazane furnished the ethoxy-tethered octakis( trimethylsiloxy)calix[4]resorcinarene 7; its hydrolysis led to pure 6.

Beiträge zur Chemie des 4,5-Benzo-3-methyl-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorinan- 6-on Ringsystems: Röntgenstrukturanalysen an einem Bis(2-chlorethyl)amino- und einem Acetamido-substituierten Derivat / Chemistry of the 4,5-Benzo-3-methyl-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorinan-6-one Ring System: X-Ray Crystal Structure Analysis of a Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino- and of an Acetamido-Substituted Derivative

The reaction of 4,5-benzo-2-chloro-3-methyl-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorinan-6-one 1 with 1,2-bis- (trimethylsiloxy)ethane led to the bisphosphoryl species 2a and to the isomeric bisphosphite derivative 2b. The reaction of 1 with heptamethyldisilazane furnished the expected diphos­phorus compound 3, with two λ3P(III) atoms linked by a methylamino group. Substitution of the chlorine atom of 1 by the 2-chloroethylamino and bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group led to the oxazaphosphorinanones 4 and 6. By oxidation of 4 with the hydrogen peroxide/urea 1:1-adduct, the phosphoryl compound 5 was formed. Oxidation of 4,5-benzo-2-diethyl- amino-3-methyl-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorinan-6-one 7 [1] with hydrogen peroxide, sulfur and se­lenium led to the corresponding phosphoryl, thiophosphoryl and selenophosphoryl com­pounds 8-10. Analogously, the reaction of the dimethylamino- and acetamido-substituted derivatives 11 and 13 [1] with elemental sulfur furnished the thiophosphoryl compounds 12 and 14. X-ray crystal structure determinations of 4 and 14 confirmed the molecular structures, proposed in accord with NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric data. The heterocyclic rings are essentially planar. In 14 a hydrogen bond N-H···O (amide) is observed.

Das 2-Halogen-5,6-benzo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-4-on-Ringsystem / The 2-Halogeno-5,6-benzo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-4-one Ring System

The reaction of salicylic acid with phosphorus trichloride furnished the previously known 2-chloro-5,6-benzo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-4-one heterocycle 1 which was unambiguously characterized, for the first time, by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The fluorine and bromine analogues of 1, 2 and 3 were synthesized from 1, using exchange reactions. The iodo derivative, 4, owing to its instability, could be identified only in the reaction mixture by 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopy. The amine derivatives 5-8 were obtained from 1 using standard exchange reactions, either with silylated amines or with secondary amines in the presence of base. There was no evidence by 1H NMR spectroscopy for intramolecular Me2N→P coordination in 6. The 31P NMR investigation of 7 revealed the presence of two rotational isomers, presumably as a result of steric hindrance at the P–N bond by the methyl substituent of the piperidine group. The reaction of 6 with methyl iodide led to methylation at the nitrogen atom of the Me2N group, producing the ammonium iodide, 9. The reactions of 5,6 and 8 with norbornadiene tetracarbonyl molybdenum failed to furnish isolable products.

Chemistry of the 1,3,5-Triaza-2-phosphorin-4,6-diones, Part XI*. Base-Catalyzed Addition Reactions of 2-Oxo-2-hydro-1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triaza-2λ4-phosphorine-4,6-dione to the C=N Double Bond of 3-Thiazoline Heterocycles

The base-catalyzed reaction of 2-oxo-2-hydro-1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triaza-2λ4-phosphorine- 4,6-dione (1) and of its trimethylsiloxy phosphorus(III) derivative (10) with various 3-thiazolines (2 -5 ) via five different pathways is described. In all cases, the corresponding 3-thiazoline adducts were formed. The different routes are compared with regard to reaction conditions and yields. In the reaction of 1 with 5,5-dimethyl-2-isopropyl-3-thiazoline (3) two diastereomers of 7 were formed, as established by 1H , 13C and 31P NMR spectroscopy. The structures of the products 6 and 8 were confirmed by X-ray analysis; the thiazolidine rings display a twist conformation through the sulfur atom. The molecules are linked via inversion centres by hydrogen bonds of the form N-H···O= C.

Zur Chemie der 1,3,5-Triaza-2-phosphinan-4,6-dione, Teil V Darstellung der Phosphoryl(III)(λ4P)- und Thiophosphoryl(III)(λ4P)-Derivate der 1,3,5-Triaza-2-phosphinan-4,6-dione. Umsetzungen mit Ketonen Chemistry of the 1,3,5-Triaza-2-phosphinane-4,6-diones, Part V / Synthesis of Phosphoryl(III)(λ4P) and Thiophosphoryl(III)(λ4P) Derivatives of 1,3,5-Triaza-2-phosphinane-4,6-diones. Reactions with Ketones

The phosphoryl(III)(λ4P) and thiophosphoryl(III)(λ4P) derivatives, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2-hydro-1,3,5-triaza-2-oxo-2λ4-phosphinane-4,6-dione 2 and 1,3,5-trimethyl-2-hydro-1,3,5-triaza-2-thio-2λ4-phosphinane-4,6-dione 3 were obtained from 2-chloro-1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triaza-2λ3-phosphinane-4,6-dione 1, by reaction either with water or with hydrogen sulphide. The reactions of 2 and 3 with the fluorine-containing ketones, hexafluoroacetone and trifluoroacetophenone, led to the compounds 4-7 with the P(:O)–O or P(:S)–O structural element. The compounds 2-6 were characterized via their 1H, 13C and 31P NMR spectra, mass spectra and through the X-ray structure determination of 4. Compound 7 was characterized from its 1H and 31P NMR spectrum and mass spectrum, only.

Zur Chemie der 1,3,5-Triaza-2-phosphorinan-4,6-dione. Teil X. Umsetzungen von 2-Hydro-1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triaza-2-oxo-2λ4- phosphorinan-4,6-dion mit Triazin-Derivaten sowie mit einigen Aldehyden / Chemistry of the 1,3,5-Triaza-2-phosphorinan-4,6-diones. Part X. Reactions of 2-Hydro-1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triaza-2-oxo-2λ4 -phosphorinan-4,6-dione with Triazine Derivatives and with Some Aldehydes

The reactions o f 2-hydro-1,3,5-trim ethyl-1,3,5-triaza-2-oxo-2λ4 -phosphorinan-4,6-dione 1 with the triazine derivatives, 1,3,5-trimethyl- and 1,3,5-tribenzyl-hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, are described. The reaction of three equivalents of 1 with one equivalent of the triazine derivative gave 2 and 3. Both compounds were characterized via their 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR spectra, mass spectra and, in the case of 2, by an X-ray crystal structure analysis, which showed an almost planar six-membered ring; hydrogen bonds of the form N-H···O link the molecules in centrosymmetric pairs. The reactions of 1 with the aldehydes glyoxylic acid, 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde gave addition products. The C (:O) group o f the aldehyde is inserted into the P -H bond o f 1. The resulting compounds 4 ,5 and 6 were characterized through their 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR spectra, and mass spectra.

The Reaction of 2-Hydro-2-oxo-5,6-benzo-l,3,2λ4-dioxaphosphorin-4-one with Imines and Carbonyl Compounds; Unusual Formation and First X-Ray Crystal Structure Determination of a Benzodioxaphosphepinone Ring System

On treatment of 2-hydro-2-oxo-5,6-benzo-1,3,2λ4-dioxaphosphorin-4-one (1) with the inline trimers trim ethyl- and tribenzyltriazine and the (monomeric) methylene-tert-butylimine, an insertion reaction of the imine molecule into the P-H bond of 1 took place, forming com pounds 2 -4 . Similar results were obtained when 1 was allowed to react with aldimines, asymmetric at carbon, leading to 5-7 . The diastereotopic properties of 5 - 7 were observed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. NMR and IR spectroscopic investigations on 5 - 7 indicated > C = O···H-N < interactions. Upon reaction of 1 with hexafluoroacetone, trifluoroacetophenone or phenyltrifluoromethylketimine, the derivatives 8 -1 0 , involving a P-O-C fragment, were obtained. The formation of the isomeric “alcohol form ”, bearing a P-C-OH fragment, could not be proved. In the reaction of 1 with various o-quinones. one of the oxygen atom s of the quinone was found to be bonded to phosphorus, whereas the hydrogen atom was found to migrate to the second oxygen atom . Upon reaction of 1 with chloral, an unusual ring expansion took place with formation of the benzodioxaphosphepinone (14). The reaction of 1 with other aldehydes could not be realized. In the reaction of 14 with triethylamine, the ammonium salt 15 was formed. For the first time, an X-ray crystal structure determination of a dioxaphosphepinone ring system was conducted; in 15 the seven-membered ring displays a pseudo tub conformation.

Verbindungen mit dem 5,6-Benzo-l,3,2-diazaphosphorinan-4-on-Ringsystem: Synthese von 2-Chlor-, 2-N,N-dimethylamino-und 2-Bis-(2-chlorethyl)amino- substituierten Derivaten mit drei-und vierfach koordiniertem Phosphor / Compounds Involving the 5,6-Benzo-l,3,2-diazaphosphorinane-4-one Ring System: Synthesis of 2-Chloro-, 2-N,N-dimethylamino-and 2-Bis-(2-chloroethyl)amino- Substituted Derivatives with Three-and Four-Coordinated Phosphorus

The reaction of methylisatoic anhydride with 2-(aminomethyl)pyridine, 3-(aminomethyl)- pyridine, 3-dimethylamino-1-propylamine, 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine and 3-dibutylamino- 1-propylamine furnished the N-substituted N'-methylanthranilic amides 1-5. In the reaction of 1-5 with phosphorus trichloride the 3-substituted 5,6-benzo-1-m ethyl-1,3,2-diazaphosphorinane- 4-one derivatives 6 to 10 were obtained. The possibility of intramolecular donoracceptor interaction between the nitrogen atom of the R2N group and the λ3P atom is suggested on the basis of 1H NMR studies. The reaction of 9 with dimethylamino-trimethylsilane furnished the 2-dimethylamino-substituted product 11. In the reaction of 6, 7 and 10 with bis-(2-chloroethyl)amine hydrochloride/triethylamine the expected substitution products 12 to 14 were obtained. 5,6-Benzo-2-[bis-(2-chloroethyl)amino]-1-methyl-3-(3-picolyl)-1,3,2-diazaphosphorinan- 4-one 13 reacted with (COD)PtCl2 to give the czs-dichloro-platinum(II) complex 15. The characterisation of 1-15 is based on the 1H-, 13C-, and 31P-NMR spectra, mass spectra and X-ray structure determinations of the precursor compounds 1 and 3

Synthese und Eigenschaften von N-phosphorylierten Aminomethylen-dimethylphosphinoxiden und -sulfiden / Synthesis and Properties of N-Phosphorylated Aminomethylene-Dimethylphosphine Oxides and -Sulfides

In the reaction of N-methylaminomethylene-dimethylphosphine oxide and sulfide with diethylaminotrimethylsilane, N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyl-aminomethylene-dimethylphosphine oxide (1) and sulfide (2) were formed. These compounds were allowed to react with a series of P(III)C1 compounds to give the corresponding methylaminomethylene-bridged diphosphorus compounds (3 - 10) with phosphorus in the combination λ4P(V)/λ3P(III). In the oxidation of some of these compounds by the hydrogen peroxide-urea 1:1-adduct (NH2)2CO ·H2O2 or sulfur, the corresponding λ4P-CH2-N(Me)-λ4P-derivatives (11 - 16) were formed. Different reaction behaviour was observed depending on the substituent at λ4P or on the oxidizing agent. Reaction of 1 with trimethylsilylmethyl tetrafiuorophosphorane and with bromotriphenylphosphonium bromide furnished, besides trimethylhalosilane, the corresponding diphosphorus compounds (17 ) and (18) with phosphorus in the combination λ4P(V)/λ5P(V) (17) and λ4P(V)/λ4P(V)+ (18).

Oxidation of N-diphenylphosphino-N-methyl-aminomethylene-dimethylphosphine oxide (3) by tetrachloro-o-benzoquinone led to the corresponding addition product in impure form. Reaction of 3 with hexafluoroacetone (HFA) yielded a mixture of two products which could not be separated. Both oxidation (>N-PPh2 → >N-P(:O)Ph2) and insertion of HFA into the P-N-bond (>N-PPh2 → >NC(CF3)2-O-PPh2) occurred. In the reaction of 1 with methyldichlorophosphine, both the mono- and disubstituted products, 22 and 23, were formed, independently of the reaction conditions and molar ratio of the starting compounds. The reaction of 1 with bis(diethylamino)chlorophosphine was unusual. Upon separation of both trimethylchlorosilane and dimethylaminotrimethylsilane, compounds 24 - 26 were formed, with the central phosphorus atom bearing one, two or three methylaminomethylene-dimethylphosphine oxide groups, respectively. Simultaneously, tris(diethylamino)phosphine was formed.

Zur Chemie der 1,3,5-Triaza-2-phosphorinan-4,6-dione. Teil IX. Umsetzungen einiger 1,3,5-Triorgano-1,3,5-triaza-2λ3-phosphorinan-4,6-dione mit Hexafluoraceton / Chemistry of the 1,3,5-Triaza-2-phosphorinan-4,6-diones. Part IX. Reaction of some 1,3,5-Triorgano-1,3,5-triaza-2λ3-phosphorinan-4,6-diones with Hexafluoroacetone

The reactions of 2-(2-chloroethyl)amino-1,5-dimethyl-3-phenyl-1,3,5-triaza-2λ3-phosphorinan- 4,6-dione (1), 2-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino-1,5-dimethyl-3-phenyl-1,3,5-triaza-2A3-phosphorinan- 4,6-dione (2), 2-methoxy-1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triaza-2λ3-phosphorinan-4,6-dione (3) and 2-trimethylsiloxy-1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triaza-2λ3-phosphorinan-4,6-dione (5) with hexafluoracetone are described. In the case of 2 and 3 the reaction furnished the spirocyclic compounds 7 and 8. 2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino-1,3,5-triphenyl-1,3,5-triaza-2λ3-phosphorinan- 4,6-dione (4) did not react. In the case of 1 and 5 rearrangement reactions took place; the (2-chloroethyl)amino substituent of 1 reacted with one of two equivalents of hexafluoroacetone with formation of the spirocyclic phosphorane 6. The reaction of 5 with tetrabromoorthobenzoquinone gave the phosphoryl compound 9. Compounds 6 - 8 were characterized via their 1H-, 13C-, 19F- and 31P-NMR and mass spectra, compound 9 via its 1H-, 13C- and 31P-NMR and mass spectra. An X-ray crystal structure determination of 8 was conducted; in the six-membered ring the phosphorus atom lies 73 pm out of the plane of the other atoms, and displays trigonal bipyramidal coordination.

1.3-Dimethyl-1,3-diaza-2-R-5,6-benzo-2λ3-phosphorinan-4-one (R = F, Me2N, 2-Methylpiperidino, MeC(: 0 )N H -) als Liganden in Übergangsmetallkomplexen; Synthese und Struktur von Dichloro-Platin(II)- und Tetracarbonyl-Metall(O)- Koordinationsverbindungen (Metall = Cr, Mo und W) / 1.3-Dimethyl-1,3-diaza-2-R-5,6-benzo-2λ3-phosphorinan-4-ones (R = F, Me2N, 2-Methylpiperidino, MeC(: 0 )NH-) as Ligands in Transition-Metal Complexes; Synthesis and Structure of Dichloro-Platinum(II)- and Tetracarbonyl-Metal(0) Coordination Compounds (Metal = Cr, Mo and W)

1,3-Dimethyl-1,3-diaza-2-fluoro-5,6-benzo-1,3,2-phosphorinane-4-one (1) reacted with (COD)PtCl2 (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) or K2PtCl4 to give the cis-dichloro-platinum(II) complex (2). The reactions of 1 with the tetracarbonyl norbornadiene derivatives of Cr, Mo and W furnished the complexes 3 - 6 . In the case of the chromium and tungsten complexes the trans-isomers 3 and 6 were formed, due to a cis-trans-isomerization. Room temperature and low temperature 31P NMR spectra of a mixture of 5 and 6 show no significant temperature dependence of the cis-trans equilibrium. The reaction of 1 with the pentacarbonyl tetrahydrofuran derivative of W led to the product 7. The spirophosphoranes 8 and 9 were obtained in low yields. The analogous reactions of 10, 15 and 20 with (COD)PtCl2 and the tetracarbonyl norbornadiene derivatives of Cr and Mo furnished the coordination compounds 11-14, 16-18, 21 and 23. In the case of all chromium complexes only the trans-isomers 11,16 and 21 were formed, whereas in the case of molybdenum cis-trans-isomer mixtures 12 and 13, as well as 17 and 18 were obtained. An attempt to obtain the cis-isomer of the molybdenum complex 22 failed. In the case of platinum the expected cis-complexes 14 and 23 were formed, while the attempted synthesis of 19 was unsuccessful. All these results are interpreted in terms of both steric and electronic factors. The ligands 1, 10, 15 and 20 coordinate via phosphorus. The validity of the concept of hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB) was confirmed. The characterization of 2 - 7 , 11-14, 16-18, 21 and 23 rests, especially, on their 1H, 13C and 31P NMR spectra, and their mass and infrared spectra. 31P - 31P coupling constants 2J(PP) for the cis-coordinated complexes 4, 5 and 14 involving two equivalent phosphorus ligands are also reported.

Zur Chemie der l,3,5-Triaza-2-phosphinan-4,6-dione. Teil VI. Darstellung von 1,3,5-Triaza-2 λ3-, 1,3,5-Triaza-2 λ4- und 1,3,5-Triaza-2 λ5-phosphinan-4,6-dionen / Chemistry of the 1,3,5-Triaza-2-phosphinane-4,6-diones. Part VI. Synthesis of 1,3,5-Triaza-2λ3-, 1,3,5-Triaza-2λ4- and 1,3,5-Triaza-2λ5-phosphinane-4,6-diones

The reactions of 1,3,5-trimethylbiuret with dicyclohexylaminodichlorophosphine and with pyrrolidinodichlorophosphine furnished the triazaphosphinane-diones 1 and 2. Oxidation reactions of the 2-diorganoam ino-1,3,5-triorgano-1,3,5-triaza-2 λ3-phosphinane-4,6-diones 1, 2, and 4-9, as well as 2-fluoro-1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triaza-2λ3-phosphinane-4,6-dione 10 with hydrogen peroxide, elemental sulphur, phenyl azide, 1-adamantyl azide,p-nitrobenzoyl azide, tetrachloro-orthobenzoquinone, tetrabromo-orthobenzoquinone, 3,5-di-t-butyl-orthobenzoquinone, and hexafluoroacetone led to the respective oxidation products, 12-32, involving either λ4P or λ5P. In the reaction o f the P(III)C1 derivative 11 with 3-m ethyl-l,5-diphenyl-l,5- bis(trimethylsilyl)biuret the bifunctional compound 33 was produced. The new com pounds 1,2 and 12-33 were characterized via their 1H, 13C and 31P and, where appropriate, 19F NMR spectra. In the case o f the four compounds, 3 (previously described in the literature [2]), 13, 31, and 33, single crystal X-ray diffraction studies were conducted. Unusually for this type of heterocycle 3 displays a 1,4-diplanar ring conformation because o f the bulky aromatic substituents. 13 shows an envelope conformation. The hydrogen peroxide solvent molecule has crystallographic inversion symmetry, but may be disordered. In 31 the coordination geometry at phosphorus is trigonal bipyramidal. The five-membered ring shows a twist conform ation associated with the bulky trifluoromethyl groups. The exocyclic P-N bonds in 33 are unusually long.

Über die Umsetzung von Phosphorverbindungen mit dem Strukturelement P(:X)H (X = O, S) mit 1,3,5-Trimethylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazin. Darstellung und Reaktionen α-(N-Methylamino)methyl-substituierter Phosphorverbindungen / Reactions of Phosphorus Compounds Containing the P(:X)H Group (X = O, S) with 1,3,5-Trimethylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine. Synthesis and Reactions of α-(N-Methylamino)methyl Substituted Phosphorus Compounds

The reactions of the acids la-4a and 8a with 1,3,5-trimethylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine furnished compounds 1b-4b and 8b. The IR investigation of 1 b, 4b and 8b revealed P=O ··· H—N interactions. In the unusual reaction of lb with methyl iodide the quaternary ammonium iodide [(H3C)2P(:O)CH2N(CH3)3]+I- 1c was formed. The reaction of 2b with methyl iodide produced the ammonium iodide [(H3C)2P(:S)CH2NH2CH3]+I- 2c. The structure of 2c was confirmed by X-ray crystal structure analysis, which showed the expected distorted tetrahedral geometry at phosphorus and revealed N—H ••• I hydrogen bonds. Reaction of 8b with methyl iodide led to the formation of the ammonium iodide 8c by methylation at the nitrogen atom. In the reaction of lb and 2b with HPF6 the compounds 1 d and 2d were obtained. The compounds 1 d and 2d, due to their instability at room temperature, could be identified only by 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopy.

Synthese und Röntgenstrukturanalyse der ersten terf-Butylcalix[4]arensalze mit einem Phosphonium-Kation / Synthesis and X-Ray Structure Analysis of the First rm-Butylcalix[4]arene Salts with a Phosphonium Cation

The reactions o f ter/-butylcalix[4]arene (1) and the phosphorus-substituted rm -butylcalix- [4]arene (2), respectively, with terf-butylbis[N-(N',N',N",N"-tetramethyl)guanidinyl]phosphine (3) led to the first calix[4]arene-anions with the protonated phosphonium cations 4 and 5. No protonation o f the imino nitrogen atom was observed. In the case of compound 4, a singlecrystal X-ray structure analysis has been conducted. In compound 5, phosphorus atoms in the oxidation states +III and +V are present in one molecule

Zur Chemie der 1,3,5-Triaza-2-phosphorinan-4,6-dione. Teil VII+. Über die Synthese von 2-Methoxy- und 2-Trimethylsiloxy-1,3,5-trimethyI- 1.3.5-triaza-2λ3-phosphorinan-4,6-dion sowie 2-Chlor-1,3,5-trimethyl- 1.3.5-triaza-2-oxo-2λ4-phosphorinan-4,6-dion / Chemistry of the 1,3,5-Triaza-2-phosphorinane-4,6-diones. Part VII. Synthesis of 2-Methoxy- and 2-Trimethylsiloxy-1,3,5-trimethyl-1.3.5-triaza-2λ3-phosphorinane-4,6-dione and 2-Chloro-1,3,5-trimethyl- 1.3.5-triaza-2-oxo-2λ4-phosphorinane-4,6-dione

The reactions of 1,3,5-trimethylbiuret with methyldichlorophosphite, and of 2-chloro- 1.3.5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triaza-2λ3-phosphorinane-4,6-dione 1 with methanol or methoxytrimethylsilane furnished the methoxy-substituted triazaphosphorinane-dione 3. In the reaction of 2-hydro-1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triaza-2-oxo-2λ4-phosphorinane-4,6-dione 2 with diethylaminotrimethylsilane the corresponding trimethylsiloxy-substituted triazaphosphorinane- dione 4 was formed. The reactions of 3 and 4 with sulphuryl chloride gave 2-chloro-1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triaza-2-oxo-2λ4-phosphorinane-4,6-dione 5, whose synthesis via another route was described previously [7]. In the reaction of 1 with 4 the λ3P-O-λ3P-bridged compound 6 and trimethylchlorosilane were formed. Condensation reactions of the P(:O)C1 compound 5 with 2-chloroethylamine hydrochloride and bis(2-chloroethyl)amine hydrochloride in the presence of triethylamine furnished the amide derivatives 7 and 8. Compounds 3-5, 7 and 8 were characterized via their 1H, 13C, 31P NMR and mass spectra, compound 6 was characterized from its 1H and 31P NMR spectra only.

Darstellung und Kristallstrukturen einiger Übergangsmetall-Komplexverbindungen mit Liganden mit dem 4,5-Benzo-3-methyl-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorinan-6-on-Gerüst / Synthesis and X-Ray Crystal Structures of Some Transition-Metal Complexes Involving Ligands with the 4,5-Benzo-3-methyl-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorinan-6-one Framework

4,5-Benzo-2-diethylamino-3-methyl-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorinan-6-one 1 and 4,5-benzo-2-[bis- (2-chlorethyl)amino]-3-methyl-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorinan-6-one 3 reacted with dichloro- (cycloocta-1,5-diene)platinum(II) [(COD)PtCl2] to give the ds-dichloro-platinum(II) com­plexes 2 and 4, respectively. The reaction of 1 with tricarbonyl(cycloheptatriene)molybdenum(0) led to a mixture of isomers including fac-tris-(4,5-benzo-2-diethylamino-3-methyl- 1,3,2-oxazaphosphorinan-6-one)tricarbonylmolybdenum(0) 5. The reaction of 4,5-benzo- 2-acetylamino-3-methyl-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorinan-6-one 6 with dichloro(cycloocta-1,5-diene)- platinum(II) furnished the cis-complex 7. 4,5-Benzo-2-fluoro-3-methyl-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorinan-6-one 8 reacted with both tetracarbonyl(norbornadiene)molybdenum(0) and dichloro- (cycloocta-1,5-diene)platinum(II) to form the cis-complexes 9 and 10. 31P-31P coupling con­stants from the 31P NMR spectra for the complexes 2, 4 and 9 are reported. The structures of 5, 7, 9 and 10 were established by single crystal X-ray analysis. All ligands coordinate via phosphorus only. The structure of 5 shows strongly distorted octahedral coordination geome­try associated with the presence of three bulky ligands. The Mo-P bond lengths in 5 are, for the same reason, significantly longer than in 9. The heterocycles of the ligands in 5 do not show the expected envelope conformation but are almost planar. The platinum(II) complex 7 shows crystallographic C2-symmetry, the coordination geometry at platinum being almost ideally square-planar. The same coordination geometry is observed for 10, the ligands of which possess the expected envelope conformation with phosphorus out of the plane.

Umsetzungen von 0,3-Dialkyl-1,3-diaza-2-chloro-5,6-benzo-1,3,2-phosphorinan-4-onen; Darstellung von P(III)-Derivaten / Reactions of 1,3-Dialkyl-1,3-diaza-2-chloro-5,6-benzo-1,3,2-phosphorinan-4-ones; Preparation of P(III) Derivatives

The reaction of 1,3-dimethyl-1,3-diaza-2-chloro-5,6-benzo-1,3,2-phosphorinan-4-one 1 with N-trimethylsilylacetamide 2 and 2-methylpiperidine hydrochloride furnished the P-substituted derivatives 3 and 4. The reaction of 1 with trimethylbromo- and trimethyliodosilane yielded the 2-bromo- and 2-iodo- substituted compounds 5 and 6. 1-Methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-1,3-diaza-2-chloro-5,6-benzo-1,3,2-phosphorinan-4-one 8 was prepared in the reaction of N-methyl-N'-(2-chloroethyl)-anthranilamide 7 with phosphorus trichloride. The reaction of 8 with N-trifluoromethyl-3-nitrophenylamine 9 or with sodium fluoride led to the 2-fluorosubstituted product 11. From the unusual reaction of 8 with 9 in the presence of triethylamine N-difluoromethylene-3-nitrophenylimine 10 and the intermediate product, triethylamine hydrofluoride, were isolated. A mechanism of formation of 11 is proposed. The reaction of 8 with N-trimethylsilylacetamide 2 and bis-2-chloroethylamine hydrochloride furnished the expected substitution products 14 and 15, involving the 5,6-benzo-1,3,2-phosphorinan-4-one ring system. The characterization of 3-6, 8, 11, 14 and 15 rests, especially, on their 1H-, 13Cand 31P-NMR spectra, and their mass spectra.

Synthesis and characterization of novel bioactive 1,2,4-oxadiazole natural product analogs bearing the N-phenylmaleimide and N-phenylsuccinimide moieties

Taking into consideration the biological activity of the only natural products containing a 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring in their structure (quisqualic acid and phidianidines A and B), the natural product analogs 1-(4-(3-tert-butyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione (4) and 1-(4-(3-tert-butyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione (7) were synthesized starting from 4-(3-tert-butyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)aniline (1) in two steps by isolating the intermediates 4-(4-(3-tert-butyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenylamino)-4-oxobutanoic acid (3) and (Z)-4-(4-(3-tert-butyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenylamino)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid (6). The two natural product analogs 4 and 7 were then tested for antitumor activity toward a panel of 11 cell lines in vitro by using a monolayer cell-survival and proliferation assay. Compound 7 was the most potent and exhibited a mean IC₅₀ value of approximately 9.4 µM. Aniline 1 was synthesized by two routes in one-pot reactions starting from tert-butylamidoxime and 4-aminobenzoic acid or 4-nitrobenzonitrile. The structures of compounds 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6 were confirmed by X-ray crystallography.

Calcium carbonate microparticle templates using a PHOS-b-PMAA double hydrophilic copolymer

The crystallization characteristics of calcium carbonate microparticles grown from supersaturated aqueous solutions in the presence of a double hydrophilic block copolymer poly(p-hydroxystyrene-b-methacrylic acid), PHOS-b-PMAA, have been investigated. The studies aim to highlight both the possibilities and the limitations of CaCO3/PHOS-b-PMAA microparticle formation under different relative inorganic/polymer ratio conditions, varying the initial solution supersaturation or the polymer concentration. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to provide high-resolution images of particles and thereby information on the particle morphology, while X-ray diffraction analysis was used to determine the polymorph type and crystallite characteristics. The presence of the polymer in the composite particles was shown by thermogravimetric, particle charge density and zeta potential analysis. The polymer-induced sensitivity of the new composites to environmental pH variations has been followed by streaming potential variation.