1
|
Michaud-Létourneau I, Gayard M, Lauzière J, Beaudry M, Pascual LR, Chartier I, Herzhaft-LeRoy J, Chiasson S, Fontaine-Bisson B, Pound C, Gaboury I. Understanding the challenges related to breastfeeding education and barriers to curricular change: a systems perspective for transforming health professions education. Can Med Educ J 2022; 13:91-104. [PMID: 35875442 PMCID: PMC9297256 DOI: 10.36834/cmej.73178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A majority of women and families wish that their babies be breastfed. However, too many still receive insufficient or inappropriate initial care from health professionals (HPs) who have limited breastfeeding (BF) competencies. We investigated barriers and potential solutions to improve the undergraduate training programs for various HPs. METHODS Focus groups were carried out in three universities in Quebec and one in Ontario (Canada), with 30 faculty and program directors from medicine, midwifery, nursing, nutrition, and pharmacy. Discussions were subjected to thematic content analysis, before being validated in a strategic planning workshop with 48 participants from the same disciplines, plus dentistry and chiropractic. FINDINGS Substantive improvements of undergraduate training programs for BF could be obtained by addressing challenges related to the insufficient, or lack of, (i) interactions among various HPs, (ii) opportunities for practical learning, (iii) specific standards to guide course content, (iv) real-life experience with counselling, and (v) understanding of the influence of attitudes on professional practice. Several potential solutions were proposed and validated. The re-interpretation of the results in light of various literature led to an emerging framework that takes a systems perspective for enhancing the education of HPs on BF. CONCLUSIONS To improve the education of HPs so as to enable them to provide relevant support for future mothers, mothers and their families, solutions need to be carried out to address challenges in the health system, the education system as well as regarding the curricular change process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Michaud-Létourneau
- Mouvement allaitement du Québec, Québec, Canada
- Département de médecine de famille et de médecine d'urgence, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Julie Lauzière
- Mouvement allaitement du Québec, Québec, Canada
- Département de médecine de famille et de médecine d'urgence, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Isabelle Chartier
- Mouvement allaitement du Québec, Québec, Canada
- Faculté des sciences infirmières, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson
- Mouvement allaitement du Québec, Québec, Canada
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Institut du savoir Montfort, Hôpital Montfort, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine Pound
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Isabelle Gaboury
- Département de médecine de famille et de médecine d'urgence, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Balkau B, Halimi S, Blickle JF, Vergès B, Avignon A, Attali C, Chartier I, Amelineau E. Reasons for non-intensification of treatment in people with type 2 diabetes receiving oral monotherapy: Outcomes from the prospective DIAttitude study. Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2016; 77:649-657. [PMID: 27646493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the management of glucose-lowering agents in people with type 2 diabetes initially on oral monotherapy, cared for by French general practitioners, and to identify reasons underlying treatment non-intensification. METHODS People with type 2 diabetes on oral monotherapy were recruited by general practitioners and followed-up over 12 months. Patient characteristics, HbA1c, and glucose-lowering treatments were recorded electronically. Management objectives and reasons for treatment non-intensification were solicited from the general practitioners. RESULTS A total of 1212 patients were enrolled by 198 general practitioners; 937 patients (mean age 68 years) were treated with oral monotherapy, and 916 patients had at least two successive HbA1c values recorded. Of these, 390 patients (43%) had HbA1c≥6.5% on both occasions, and 164/390 (42%) had their treatment intensified. The 226 patients whose treatment was not intensified were older (69±11 years vs. 66±12 years, P=0.02) and had better glycaemic control at study inclusion (6.9%±0.6 vs. 7.3%±0.8, P<0.0001) than treatment intensified patients. Among uncontrolled patients, there were no differences in general practitioner treatment objectives at inclusion for treatment intensified and non-intensified patients; the main reason given by general practitioners for non-intensification was that the patient had an adequate HbA1c (66%). HbA1c did exceed the 6.5% target, but was less than 7.0% in 69% of cases. CONCLUSIONS General practitioners showed a patient-centred approach to treatment, but clinical inertia was apparent for 31% of the uncontrolled patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beverley Balkau
- Inserm U-1018, CESP, Team 5 (EpReC, Renal and Cardiovascular Epidemiology), UVSQ-UPS, 94807 Villejuif, France.
| | - Serge Halimi
- Université Grenoble Alpes (UJF), 38043 Grenoble, France
| | | | | | | | - Claude Attali
- Université Paris Est, Faculté de Médecine, 94010 Créteil, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Balkau B, Bouée S, Avignon A, Vergès B, Chartier I, Amelineau E, Halimi S. Type 2 diabetes treatment intensification in general practice in France in 2008–2009: the DIAttitude Study. Diabetes & Metabolism 2012; 38 Suppl 3:S29-35. [DOI: 10.1016/s1262-3636(12)71532-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
4
|
Balkau B, Emery C, Blickle JF, Attali C, Vergès B, Avignon A, Chartier I, El Amiri H, Amelineau E, Halimi S. Les pratiques d’intensification thérapeutique dans le diabète de type 2, en France, en médecine générale. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2011.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
|
5
|
Coyle S, Lau KT, Moyna N, O'Gorman D, Diamond D, Di Francesco F, Costanzo D, Salvo P, Trivella MG, De Rossi DE, Taccini N, Paradiso R, Porchet JA, Ridolfi A, Luprano J, Chuzel C, Lanier T, Revol-Cavalier F, Schoumacker S, Mourier V, Chartier I, Convert R, De-Moncuit H, Bini C. BIOTEX--biosensing textiles for personalised healthcare management. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 14:364-70. [PMID: 20064761 DOI: 10.1109/titb.2009.2038484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Textile-based sensors offer an unobtrusive method of continually monitoring physiological parameters during daily activities. Chemical analysis of body fluids, noninvasively, is a novel and exciting area of personalized wearable healthcare systems. BIOTEX was an EU-funded project that aimed to develop textile sensors to measure physiological parameters and the chemical composition of body fluids, with a particular interest in sweat. A wearable sensing system has been developed that integrates a textile-based fluid handling system for sample collection and transport with a number of sensors including sodium, conductivity, and pH sensors. Sensors for sweat rate, ECG, respiration, and blood oxygenation were also developed. For the first time, it has been possible to monitor a number of physiological parameters together with sweat composition in real time. This has been carried out via a network of wearable sensors distributed around the body of a subject user. This has huge implications for the field of sports and human performance and opens a whole new field of research in the clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Coyle
- CLARITY Centre for SensorWeb Technologies, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cortès S, Glade N, Chartier I, Tabony J. Microtubule self-organisation by reaction–diffusion processes in miniature cell-sized containers and phospholipid vesicles. Biophys Chem 2006; 120:168-77. [PMID: 16337731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2005.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2005] [Revised: 11/02/2005] [Accepted: 11/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Under appropriate conditions, in vitro microtubule preparations self-organise over macroscopic distances by a process of reaction and diffusion. To investigate whether such self-organisation can also occur in objects as small as a cell or an embryo we carried out experiments in miniature containers of cellular dimension. When assembled under self-organising conditions in wells of 120-500 microm, microtubules developed organised structures. Self-organisation is strongly affected by shape, being highly favoured by elongated forms. In wells of more complex shape, geometrical factors may either oppose or strengthen one another and so inhibit or reinforce self-organisation. Microtubules were also assembled within phospholipid vesicles of 2-5 microm diameter. Under self-organising conditions, we observed large shape changes from spheroids to long tubes (50-100 microm) and intertwined coils. We conclude that self-organisation of microtubules by reaction-diffusion processes can occur in containers of cellular dimensions and is capable of strongly deforming the cellular membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Cortès
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Département Réponse et Dynamique Cellulaires, Laboratoire d'Immunochimie, INSERM U548, D.S.V, C.E.A. Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fuchs AB, Romani A, Freida D, Medoro G, Abonnenc M, Altomare L, Chartier I, Guergour D, Villiers C, Marche PN, Tartagni M, Guerrieri R, Chatelain F, Manaresi N. Electronic sorting and recovery of single live cells from microlitre sized samples. Lab Chip 2006; 6:121-6. [PMID: 16372078 DOI: 10.1039/b505884h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Sorting and recovering specific live cells from samples containing less than a few thousand cells have become major hurdles in rare cell exploration such as stem cell research, cell therapy and cell based diagnostics. We describe here a new technology based on a microelectronic chip integrating an array of over 100,000 independent electrodes and sensors which allow individual and parallel single cell manipulation of up to 10,000 cells while maintaining viability and proliferation capabilities. Manipulation is carried out using dynamic dielectrophoretic traps controlled by an electronic interface. We also demonstrate the capabilities of the chip by sorting and recovering individual live fluorescent cells from an unlabeled population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra B Fuchs
- BioChip Lab/Laboratoire Biopuces - CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble cedex 9, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vulto P, Glade N, Altomare L, Bablet J, Tin LD, Medoro G, Chartier I, Manaresi N, Tartagni M, Guerrieri R. Microfluidic channel fabrication in dry film resist for production and prototyping of hybrid chips. Lab Chip 2005; 5:158-62. [PMID: 15672129 DOI: 10.1039/b411885e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic networks are patterned in a dry film resist (Ordyl SY300/550) that is sandwiched in between two substrates. The technique enables fabrication of complex biochips with active elements both in the bottom and the top substrate (hybrid chips). The resist can be double bonded at relatively low temperatures without the use of extra adhesives. A postbake transfers the resist into a rigid structure. The resist is qualified in terms of resolution, biocompatibility and fluidic sealing. Fabrication in both a fully equipped cleanroom setting as well as a minimally equipped laboratory is described. The technique is applied for dielectrophoresis-based cell separation systems and a fuel cell reaction chamber with micropillars. The dry film resist can be considered a cheap and fast alternative to SU-8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Vulto
- ARCES, University of Bologna, Viale Pepoli 3/2, 40123, Bologna, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Alcalay M, Chartier I, Garrouste O, Roualdes G, Lambert De Cursay G, Azais I, Debiais F, Bontoux D. [Chemonucleolysis of disk herniation with low back pain as the single symptom: 20 cases]. Rev Rhum Ed Fr 1994; 61:839-44. [PMID: 7858579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Disk herniation can manifest as isolated low back pain, which is usually intermittent and accompanied with stiffness of the lumbar spine. There is almost general agreement that neither neurosurgical treatment nor chemonucleolysis is appropriate in patients with this clinical pattern. We used chemonucleolysis in 19 patients with recurrent episodes of isolated low back pain and one patient with severe permanent isolated low back pain dating back to a conservatively-treated episode of sciatica. All 20 patients had disk herniation documented by imaging studies. A very good or satisfactory outcome was recorded in ten patients after three months, 11 after six months and 12 in March 1993 after a mean follow-up of 72 months. The treatment was well tolerated, even in those patients who were not improved; a single patient developed an episode of acute low back pain that required surgical treatment. In patients with low back pain and disk herniation, there is currently no means of determining whether a causal relationship links these two abnormalities. Nevertheless, we believe that chemonucleolysis can be proposed in severe forms, provided the patients are apprised of current success rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Alcalay
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHU de Poitiers
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Alcalay M, Debiais F, Chartier I, Bontoux D. [Treatment of Takayasu's disease with low-dose methotrexate. Apropos of a case]. Rev Rhum Ed Fr 1994; 61:466-9. [PMID: 7833875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Persistent evidence of inflammation at the occlusive phase of Takayasu's arteritis is of adverse prognostic significance. Low-dose weekly methotrexate therapy given in combination with a corticosteroid may be effective in such patients. We report a personal case which supports the data obtained by Fauci and coworkers, as well as the conclusions of the other two similar case-reports in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Alcalay
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHU Poitiers
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chartier I, Ferrand B, Pelenc D, Field SJ, Hanna DC, Large AC, Shepherd DP, Tropper AC. Growth and low-threshold laser oscillation of an epitaxially grown Nd:YAG waveguide. Opt Lett 1992; 17:810-812. [PMID: 19794639 DOI: 10.1364/ol.17.000810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report 1.064-microm laser operation of an epitaxially grown Nd: YAG planar waveguide with thresholds as low as ~0.7 mW when high-reflectivity mirrors are used. The output is single mode and, when a 83% reflectivity output coupler is used, has a diode pumped slope efficiency of ~40%. Output powers in excess of 60 mW have been obtained when pumping with a Rhodamine 6G dye laser.
Collapse
|