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Charpentier N, Dumas A, Morisset AS, Fontaine-Bisson B. Evaluation of the Olo Prenatal Nutrition Follow-up Care for Vulnerable Pregnant Women. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2024; 85:2-11. [PMID: 37220174 DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2023-006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Olo nutritional follow-up care offers vulnerable pregnant women food vouchers, multivitamin supplements, tools, and nutritional counselling to support healthy pregnancy outcomes.Purpose: To evaluate the contribution of Olo follow-up care to nutritional intakes and eating practices, as well as to assess the programme-related experience of participants.Methods: Participants (n = 30) responded to questionnaires and web-based 24-hour dietary recalls and participated in a semi-structured interview (n = 10).Results: Olo follow-up care reduced the proportion of participants below the recommended intake for groups for many micronutrients, with the greatest reduction for folate (by 96.7%), vitamin D (by 93.3%), iron (by 70.0%), calcium (by 50.0%), and zinc (by 30.0%), mainly due to the prenatal multivitamin supplements. Most participants (96.7%) did not follow Olo's typical recommendations but, if they had, hypothetically they would have consumed an average of 746 additional calories per day and be above the recommendations for excessive intakes of folic acid and iron (100% and 33.3%, respectively). More than half of the participants were moderately to severely food insecure. Olo contributed to reducing the impact of isolation and increased food accessibility and budget flexibility among participants.Conclusion: Olo follow-up care helped reduce the proportion of women below the recommended intake for micronutrients, but revising the food offered and strategies to address food insecurity may be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Charpentier
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - Alex Dumas
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | | | - Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
- Institut du savoir Montfort, Montfort Hospital, Ottawa, ON
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2
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Carbonneau E, Dumas A, Lepage S, Dumas AA, Fontaine-Bisson B. A Perinatal Social Nutrition Approach to Improve Breastfeeding in a Culturally Diverse Group of Low-Income Women. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024. [PMID: 38387015 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Alima, Perinatal Social Nutrition Centre, is an established community organization that adopts a perinatal social nutrition approach to provide multidimensional support to women living in vulnerable conditions, particularly those with a precarious migratory status. This study aims to (a) determine which maternal characteristics, pregnancy-related variables, and structural features of the Alima intervention are associated with breastfeeding; and (b) examine whether the association between attending breastfeeding workshops and breastfeeding characteristics differ according to maternal factors. The Alima digital database was used to analyze data from women who received the perinatal intervention between 2013 and 2020. Infant feeding data was retrieved at two weeks postpartum (T0, n=2925), two months postpartum (T2, n=1475), and four months postpartum (T4, n=890). Logistic regressions were used to estimate the odds of overall and exclusive breastfeeding depending on sociodemographic characteristics, pregnancy-related variables, and features of the intervention. The prevalence of overall and exclusive breastfeeding was, respectively, 96.1% and 60.7% at T0; 93.0% and 58.5% at T2; 83.0% and 48.4% at T4. Higher education, previous breastfeeding experience, and recent immigration were associated with a higher likelihood of breastfeeding at each time point. Breastfeeding workshop attendance was associated with a greater likelihood of overall and exclusive breastfeeding at T2 and T4, with a stronger effect among women aged 35 or less, those with lower education, and those with excessive gestational weight gain. In conclusion, the Alima intervention is associated with positive breastfeeding outcomes, especially among vulnerable women living with precarious migratory status in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Carbonneau
- Université Laval, 4440, Centre de recherche, Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Université Laval, 4440, School of nutrition, Quebec, Quebec, Canada;
| | - Alex Dumas
- University of Ottawa, 6363, School of Human Kinetics, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Savoir Montfort, 551435, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada;
| | | | - Audrée-Anne Dumas
- Université Laval, 4440, School of nutrition, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Université Laval, 4440, Centre de recherche, Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Quebec, Quebec, Canada;
| | - Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson
- University of Ottawa, 6363, Nutrition Sciences, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Savoir Montfort, 551435, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada;
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Michaud-Létourneau I, Gayard M, Lauzière J, Beaudry M, Pascual LR, Chartier I, Herzhaft-LeRoy J, Chiasson S, Fontaine-Bisson B, Pound C, Gaboury I. Understanding the challenges related to breastfeeding education and barriers to curricular change: a systems perspective for transforming health professions education. Can Med Educ J 2022; 13:91-104. [PMID: 35875442 PMCID: PMC9297256 DOI: 10.36834/cmej.73178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A majority of women and families wish that their babies be breastfed. However, too many still receive insufficient or inappropriate initial care from health professionals (HPs) who have limited breastfeeding (BF) competencies. We investigated barriers and potential solutions to improve the undergraduate training programs for various HPs. METHODS Focus groups were carried out in three universities in Quebec and one in Ontario (Canada), with 30 faculty and program directors from medicine, midwifery, nursing, nutrition, and pharmacy. Discussions were subjected to thematic content analysis, before being validated in a strategic planning workshop with 48 participants from the same disciplines, plus dentistry and chiropractic. FINDINGS Substantive improvements of undergraduate training programs for BF could be obtained by addressing challenges related to the insufficient, or lack of, (i) interactions among various HPs, (ii) opportunities for practical learning, (iii) specific standards to guide course content, (iv) real-life experience with counselling, and (v) understanding of the influence of attitudes on professional practice. Several potential solutions were proposed and validated. The re-interpretation of the results in light of various literature led to an emerging framework that takes a systems perspective for enhancing the education of HPs on BF. CONCLUSIONS To improve the education of HPs so as to enable them to provide relevant support for future mothers, mothers and their families, solutions need to be carried out to address challenges in the health system, the education system as well as regarding the curricular change process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Michaud-Létourneau
- Mouvement allaitement du Québec, Québec, Canada
- Département de médecine de famille et de médecine d'urgence, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Julie Lauzière
- Mouvement allaitement du Québec, Québec, Canada
- Département de médecine de famille et de médecine d'urgence, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Isabelle Chartier
- Mouvement allaitement du Québec, Québec, Canada
- Faculté des sciences infirmières, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson
- Mouvement allaitement du Québec, Québec, Canada
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Institut du savoir Montfort, Hôpital Montfort, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine Pound
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Isabelle Gaboury
- Département de médecine de famille et de médecine d'urgence, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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Carbonneau E, Dumas A, Brodeur-Doucet A, Fontaine-Bisson B. A Community Prenatal Intervention in Social Nutrition: Evaluating the Impact on Pregnancy and Birthweight Outcomes. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061151. [PMID: 35334807 PMCID: PMC8951613 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to assess the associations between structural features of the Montreal Diet Dispensary’s social nutrition intervention and pregnancy (i.e., anemia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), gestational weight gain (GWG), hypertension) and birthweight outcomes (i.e., small- or large-for-gestational-age) among pregnant women, most of them recent immigrants. The study consists of a secondary analysis of the digital client database of the Montreal Diet Dispensary (n = 2925). Logistic regressions were used to estimate the odds of pregnancy and birthweight outcomes, depending on structural features of the intervention. Pregnant women who attended a welcoming group session presented lower odds of GDM and anemia compared to those who did not attend. A longer duration of intervention was also associated with lower odds of GDM and anemia. Each additional appointment with a dietitian was associated with higher odds of excessive GWG and lower odds of insufficient GWG only among women with a pre-pregnancy BMI lower than 25 kg/m2. This study emphasizes the importance of providing nutritional services early in pregnancy to reduce the risk of GDM and anemia. It also stresses the importance of using appropriate nutritional guidelines to avoid increasing the risk of excessive GWG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Carbonneau
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;
- Centre NUTRISS—Nutrition, Santé et Société, Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Alex Dumas
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;
- Institut du Savoir Montfort, Montfort Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1K 0T2, Canada
| | | | - Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;
- Institut du Savoir Montfort, Montfort Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1K 0T2, Canada
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5
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Mida LA, della Zazzera V, Fontaine-Bisson B. Knowledge, attitude and practice of physicians regarding periconceptional folic acid for women at low risk of a neural tube defect affected pregnancy. Prev Med Rep 2021; 22:101327. [PMID: 33665065 PMCID: PMC7903458 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Canadian expert guidelines recommend low-risk women to consume a daily multivitamin supplement containing 400 µg of folic acid (FA) to prevent neural tube defects. Mandatory food fortification coupled with intake of prenatal vitamin/mineral supplements (PVS), most of which contain ≥ 1000 µg-FA, has resulted in an unprecedented shift in Canadian pregnant women folate status. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of physicians regarding periconceptional FA recommendations, intake and health related outcomes, since they play an essential role in promoting appropriate FA intake. Seventy-seven physicians answered the self-administered KAP survey. Only half of physicians knew the correct dose and duration of FA for low-risk women. Approximately 70% were unsure of, or unfamiliar with the most recent guidelines and 60% of physicians most often recommend a ≥ 1000 µg-FA supplement. Knowledge score 1 (KS1), which related to low-risk women, was associated with physicians' attitude toward believing that most PVS contain the recommended amount of FA (p = 0.004). Significant correlations were also found between KS1 and the total practice score (TPS) (r = 0.45, p < 0.0001) as well as between the total knowledge score and TPS (r = 0.38, p = 0.0007). Our findings show that physicians lacking knowledge regarding periconceptional FA is associated with their attitude and practice. Despite a vast majority of physicians being unsure or uncomfortable recommending PVS that are not in line with recommendations, a lack of knowledge and a widely accessible 400 µg-FA PVS, enables a contradictory practice in reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Arielle Mida
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 25 University Private, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, 25 University Private, Ottawa, Canada
- Institut du savoir Montfort, Hôpital Montfort, 713 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Canada
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Abstract
CONTEXT Contrary to nutritional guidelines, accumulating evidence shows that pregnant women's energy intakes remain stable throughout trimesters. Although pregnant women may eat below their needs or underreport their energy intakes, it is also relevant to question how energy requirements - estimated through measurements of energy expenditure (EE) - change throughout pregnancy. OBJECTIVE This review examined prospective studies that measured EE during pregnancy, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. DATA SOURCES PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and CINAHL databases were searched to identify relevant publications up to November 14, 2019. STUDY SELECTION All studies that measured EE prospectively and objectively during pregnancy were included in this systematic review. Two authors independently screened 4852 references. A total of 32 studies were included in the final analysis. DATA EXTRACTION One author extracted data and assessed the risk of bias and a second author did so for a random sample of studies (n = 7; 22%). DATA ANALYSIS Increases in resting EE ranged from 0.5% to 18.3% (8-239 kcal), from 3.0% to 24.1% (45-327 kcal), and from 6.4% to 29.6% (93-416 kcal) between early and mid-, mid- and late, and early and late pregnancy, respectively. Increases in total EE ranged from 4.0% to 17.7% (84-363 kcal), from 0.2% to 30.2% (5-694 kcal), and from 7.9% to 33.2% (179-682 kcal) between early and mid-, mid- and late, and early and late pregnancy, respectively. Participants were mainly of normal weight, although many studies did not report important covariates such as prepregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain adequacy. CONCLUSIONS Additional high-quality longitudinal studies (ie, with multiple objective measurements of EE in all periods of pregnancy while considering important confounding variables, like gestational weight gain) are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Savard
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, Canada; CHU of Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Quebec, Canada.,NUTRISS Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Audrée Lebrun
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, Canada; CHU of Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Quebec, Canada.,NUTRISS Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sarah O'Connor
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, Canada; CHU of Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec, Canada, and Quebec Cardiology and Respirology University Institute, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, Canada; CHU of Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Quebec, Canada.,School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Institut du Savoir Montfort, Montfort Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - François Haman
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne-Sophie Morisset
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, Canada; CHU of Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Quebec, Canada.,NUTRISS Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
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7
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Lebrun A, Plante AS, Savard C, Dugas C, Fontaine-Bisson B, Lemieux S, Robitaille J, Morisset AS. Tracking of Dietary Intake and Diet Quality from Late Pregnancy to the Postpartum Period. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092080. [PMID: 31484415 PMCID: PMC6769665 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to characterize dietary intake and diet quality from late pregnancy to six months postpartum. Participants (n = 28) completed 2-3 Web-based 24 h recalls at three distinct periods: (1) during the third trimester of pregnancy; (2) three months and (3) six months after delivery. Energy, macro-and micronutrient intakes (from foods and supplements), as well as the Canadian healthy eating index (C-HEI) were derived from the dietary recalls. No significant variation in energy and macronutrient intakes was observed between time points. The proportion of women taking at least one supplement decreased over time (p = 0.003). The total intake of several micronutrients (vitamins A, C, D, group B vitamins, iron, magnesium, zinc, calcium, phosphorus, manganese, and copper) decreased significantly over time (p < 0.05 for all micronutrients). The total C-HEI score and its components did not change, except for the total vegetables and fruit subscore, which decreased over time (8.2 ± 2.0 in the 3rd trimester, 7.1 ± 2.2 at three months postpartum, 6.9 ± 2.4 at 6 months postpartum, p = 0.04). In conclusion, we observed a general stability in diet quality, energy, and macronutrient intakes from the third trimester of pregnancy to six months postpartum. However, several micronutrient intakes decreased over time, mostly due to changes in supplement use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrée Lebrun
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Anne-Sophie Plante
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Claudia Savard
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Camille Dugas
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- Institut du Savoir Montfort, Montfort Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1K 0T2, Canada
| | - Simone Lemieux
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Julie Robitaille
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Anne-Sophie Morisset
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Tessier F, Fontaine-Bisson B, Lefebvre JF, El-Sohemy A, Roy-Gagnon MH. Investigating Gene-Gene and Gene-Environment Interactions in the Association Between Overnutrition and Obesity-Related Phenotypes. Front Genet 2019; 10:151. [PMID: 30886629 PMCID: PMC6409307 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Animal studies suggested that NFKB1, IKBKB, and SOCS3 genes could be involved in the association between overnutrition and obesity. This study aims to investigate interactions involving these genes and macronutrient intakes affecting obesity-related phenotypes. Methods: We used a traditional statistical method, logistic regression, and compared it to alternative statistical method, multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) and penalized logistic regression (PLR), to better detect genes/environment interactions in the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study (n = 1639) using dichotomized body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference as obesity-related phenotypes. Exposure variables included genotype on 54 single nucleotide polymorphisms (NFKB1: 18, IKBKB: 9, SOCS3: 27), macronutrient (carbohydrates, protein, fat) and alcohol intakes and ethno-cultural background. Results: After correction for multiple testing, no interaction was found using logistic regression. MDR identified interactions between SOCS3 rs6501199 and rs4969172, and IKBKB rs3747811 affecting BMI in the Caucasian population; SOCS3 rs6501199 and NFKB1 rs1609798 affecting WC in the Caucasian population; and SOCS3 rs4436839 and IKBKB rs3747811 affecting WC in the South Asian population. PLR found a main effect of SOCS3 rs12944581 on BMI among the South Asian population. Conclusion: While MDR and PLR had discordant results, some models support results from previous studies. These results emphasize the need to use alternative statistical methods to investigate high-order interactions and suggest that variants in the nutrient-responsive hypothalamic IKKB/NF-kB signaling pathway may be involved in obesity pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Tessier
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Ahmed El-Sohemy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Savard C, Lemieux S, Weisnagel SJ, Fontaine-Bisson B, Gagnon C, Robitaille J, Morisset AS. Correction: Savard et al. Trimester-Specific Dietary Intakes in a Sample of French-Canadian Pregnant Women in Comparison with National Nutritional Guidelines. Nutrients 2018, 10, 768. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11010084. [PMID: 30621126 PMCID: PMC6357283 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Savard
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Simone Lemieux
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - S John Weisnagel
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
- Institut du Savoir Montfort, Montfort Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1K 0T2, Canada.
| | - Claudia Gagnon
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Julie Robitaille
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Anne-Sophie Morisset
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Lamers Y, MacFarlane AJ, O'Connor DL, Fontaine-Bisson B. Periconceptional intake of folic acid among low-risk women in Canada: summary of a workshop aiming to align prenatal folic acid supplement composition with current expert guidelines. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 108:1357-1368. [PMID: 30541097 PMCID: PMC6290364 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Government of Canada and the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada both recommend a daily multivitamin supplement containing 400 µg folic acid (FA) for the primary prevention of neural tube defects among low-risk women from before conception and throughout lactation. Prenatal supplements marketed and prescribed in Canada typically exceed the recommended dose, usually providing ≥1000 µg FA/d. This high daily dose, coupled with staple-food FA fortification, has resulted in the observation of very high blood folate concentrations among reproductive-aged women consuming FA-containing supplements. The long-term consequences of high folate status on fetal development are unknown; however, evidence from animal studies and some human epidemiologic data suggest potential adverse consequences. To address this issue, a workshop was convened with the overall goal to identify challenges and solutions to aligning supplemental FA intakes with current evidence-based recommendations. Thirty-eight stakeholders from academia, industry, government, and health professional groups participated. Group discussions facilitated the identification and prioritization of 5 key challenges for which solutions and implementation strategies were proposed. The 5 themes encompassed clarity and harmonization of evidence-based guidelines, reformulation or relabeling of FA-containing supplements, access to FA for all women, knowledge dissemination strategies and education of the public and health care professionals, and attitude change to overcome the perception of "more is better." A combination of the proposed implementation strategies involving all key stakeholders and directed to health care professionals and the public may enable a sustainable change to align FA intake during the periconceptional period with evidence-based recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Lamers
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada,British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Deborah L O'Connor
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Institut du savoir Montfort, Hôpital Montfort, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Address correspondence to BF-B (e-mail: )
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Savard C, Lemieux S, Weisnagel SJ, Fontaine-Bisson B, Gagnon C, Robitaille J, Morisset AS. Trimester-Specific Dietary Intakes in a Sample of French-Canadian Pregnant Women in Comparison with National Nutritional Guidelines. Nutrients 2018; 10:E768. [PMID: 29899222 PMCID: PMC6024697 DOI: 10.3390/nu10060768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet during pregnancy greatly impacts health outcomes. This study aims to measure changes in dietary intakes throughout trimesters and to assess pregnant women’s dietary intakes in comparison with current Canadian nutritional recommendations. Seventy-nine pregnant women were recruited and completed, within each trimester, three Web-based 24-h dietary recalls and one Web questionnaire on supplement use. Dietary intakes from food, with and without supplements, were compared to nutritional recommendations throughout pregnancy. Energy and macronutrient intakes remained stable throughout pregnancy. A majority of women exceeded their energy and protein requirements in the first trimester, and fat intakes as a percentage of energy intakes were above recommendations for more than half of the women in all trimesters. Supplement use increased dietary intakes of most vitamins and minerals, but 20% of women still had inadequate total vitamin D intakes and most women had excessive folic acid intakes. This study showed that pregnant women did not increase their energy intakes throughout pregnancy as recommended. Furthermore, although prenatal supplementation reduces the risk of inadequate intake for most micronutrients, there is still a risk of excessive folic acid and insufficient vitamin D intake, which needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Savard
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Simone Lemieux
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - S John Weisnagel
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
- Institut du Savoir Montfort, Montfort Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1K 0T2, Canada.
| | - Claudia Gagnon
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Julie Robitaille
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Anne-Sophie Morisset
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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12
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McGee M, Bainbridge S, Fontaine-Bisson B. A crucial role for maternal dietary methyl donor intake in epigenetic programming and fetal growth outcomes. Nutr Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuy006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan McGee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, and Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shannon Bainbridge
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences and the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, and the Institut du savoir Montfort, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Dubois L, Diasparra M, Bédard B, Colapinto CK, Fontaine-Bisson B, Morisset AS, Tremblay RE, Fraser WD. Adequacy of nutritional intake from food and supplements in a cohort of pregnant women in Québec, Canada: the 3D Cohort Study (Design, Develop, Discover). Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 106:541-548. [PMID: 28615265 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.117.155499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Assessments of the dietary intakes in various populations suggest that pregnant women have difficulty meeting all their nutritional requirements through diet alone. Few large-scale studies have considered both food sources and supplements in assessing the adequacy of nutritional intakes during pregnancy.Objective: Our study aimed to assess nutritional intakes during pregnancy by examining dietary sources and supplements. It then compared these findings with Dietary Reference Intakes.Design: We conducted a nutrition study in a large pregnancy cohort using a 3-d food record during the second trimester of pregnancy. Detailed information about supplement consumption was obtained by interview at each prenatal visit. We estimated the distribution of total usual intakes for energy, macronutrients, and micronutrients for 1533 pregnant women.Results: A third of the participants had total fat intakes that exceeded the Acceptable Micronutrient Distribution Range. A majority of women (85%) had sodium intakes above the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL). Median intakes for fiber and potassium were lower than Adequate Intakes. Dietary intakes of vitamin B-6, magnesium, and zinc were below the Estimated Average Requirements (EARs) for 10-15% of the women. A majority of the women had dietary intakes below the EARs for iron (97%), vitamin D (96%), and folate (70%). When we considered micronutrient intakes from both food and supplements, we found that the prevalence of inadequate intake was <10% for all nutrients except vitamin D (18%) and iron (15%), whereas 32% and 87% of the women had total intakes above the ULs for iron and folic acid, respectively.Conclusions: The level of intake of some nutrients from food alone remains low in the diets of pregnant women. Supplement use reduces the risk of inadequate intake for many micronutrients, but diet-related issues during pregnancy remain and deserve to be addressed in public health interventions. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03113331.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Dubois
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, and
| | - Maikol Diasparra
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, and
| | - Brigitte Bédard
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, and
| | - Cynthia K Colapinto
- Sainte Justine University Hospital Research Center, and.,Research Center of the Sherbrooke University Hospital Center, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Research Institute of the Montfort Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Richard E Tremblay
- Departments of Pediatrics and Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.,School of Public Heath, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - William D Fraser
- Sainte Justine University Hospital Research Center, and.,Research Center of the Sherbrooke University Hospital Center, Sherbrooke, Canada
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Dumais V, Lumingu J, Bedard M, Paquet L, Verma S, Fontaine-Bisson B. Prevalence of Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Syndrome, and Type 2 Diabetes in Canadian Women at High Risk for Breast Cancer. Breast J 2017; 23:482-483. [PMID: 28121048 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie Lumingu
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Marc Bedard
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Lise Paquet
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Shailendra Verma
- Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, Ontario
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Ahmed T, Fellus I, Gaudet J, MacFarlane AJ, Fontaine-Bisson B, Bainbridge SA. Effect of folic acid on human trophoblast health and function in vitro. Placenta 2015; 37:7-15. [PMID: 26748157 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The combined intake of folic acid (FA) from prenatal multivitamin supplements and fortified foods can result in FA intake values that exceed the tolerable upper intake level (UL). It is unclear what impact FA intake above the UL may have on the feto-placental unit. Our objective was to determine the effects of increasing concentrations of FA on trophoblast health and function in vitro. METHODS Two human placental cell lines [HTR-8/SVneo (n = 5 experiments) and BeWo (n = 5 experiments)] and human placenta tissue explants (n = 6 experiments) were exposed to increasing concentrations of FA (2-2000 ng/mL) for 48-h. Intracellular total folate concentration, trophoblast proliferation, viability, apoptosis, placenta cell invasion and β-hCG hormone release were assessed. RESULTS Exposure to increasing FA concentrations resulted in higher intracellular total folate in placental cell lines and tissue explants (p < 0.05); yet, only minimal effects of excess folic acid were observed on the primary indicators of placental health and function studied. Specifically, treatment with excess folic acid (2000 ng/mL) resulted in reduced cellular viability in the villous trophoblast BeWo cell line and increased rates of proliferation in the HT8-8/SVneo extravillous trophoblast cell line (p < 0.05). Further, deficient concentrations of folic acid (2 ng/mL) resulted in decreased cell viability and invasive capabilities of the HTR-8/SVneo extravillous trophoblast cell line (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION Our results demonstrate that placental health and function may be compromised in conditions of folate deficiency, and not necessarily in conditions of excess FA. This finding supports the recommendation of prenatal folic acid supplementation in the North American population. Further work aimed at clarifying the therapeutic window of FA intake in the obstetrical population is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasfia Ahmed
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Ilan Fellus
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Jeremiah Gaudet
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Amanda J MacFarlane
- Nutrition Research Division, Health Canada, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, AL2203E, Ottawa, K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | | | - Shannon A Bainbridge
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H 8M5, Canada; Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, K1Y 4E9, Canada.
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16
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Burkett KM, Roy-Gagnon MH, Lefebvre JF, Wang C, Fontaine-Bisson B, Dubois L. A Comparison of Statistical Methods for the Discovery of Genetic Risk Factors Using Longitudinal Family Study Designs. Front Immunol 2015; 6:589. [PMID: 26635803 PMCID: PMC4652172 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology of immune-related diseases or traits is often complex, involving many genetic and environmental factors and their interactions. While methodological approaches focusing on an outcome measured at one time point have succeeded in identifying genetic factors involved in immune-related traits, they fail to capture complex disease mechanisms that fluctuate over time. It is increasingly recognized that longitudinal studies, where an outcome is measured at multiple time points, have great potential to shed light on complex disease mechanisms involving genetic factors. However, longitudinal data require specialized statistical methods, especially in family studies where multiple sources of correlation in the data must be modeled. Using simulated data with known genetic effects, we examined the performance of different analytical methods for investigating associations between genetic factors and longitudinal phenotypes in twin data. The simulations were modeled on data from the Québec Newborn Twin Study, an ongoing population-based longitudinal study of twin births with multiple phenotypes, such as cortisol levels and body mass index, collected multiple times in infancy and early childhood and with sequencing data on immune-related genes and pathways. We compared approaches that we classify as (1) family-based methods applied to summaries of the observations over time, (2) longitudinal-based methods with simplifications of the familial correlation, and (3) Bayesian family-based method with simplifications of the temporal correlation. We found that for estimation of the genetic main and interaction effects, all methods gave estimates close to the true values and had similar power. If heritability estimation is desired, approaches of type (1) also provide heritability estimates close to the true value. Our work shows that the simpler approaches are likely adequate to detect genetic effects; however, interpretation of these effects is more challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Burkett
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, ON , Canada
| | - Marie-Hélène Roy-Gagnon
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, ON , Canada
| | - Jean-François Lefebvre
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, ON , Canada
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, ON , Canada
| | | | - Lise Dubois
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, ON , Canada
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Fontaine-Bisson B, Thorburn J, Gregory A, Zhang H, Sun G. Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 polymorphisms are associated with components of energy balance in the Complex Diseases in the Newfoundland Population: Environment and Genetics (CODING) study. Am J Clin Nutr 2014; 99:384-91. [PMID: 24305679 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.073387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1) is a G protein-coupled receptor that regulates energy balance and body composition in animal models. Inconsistent effects of MCHR1 polymorphisms on energy homeostasis in humans may partly be attributable to environmental factors. OBJECTIVES We examined the effect of 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs133073, rs133074, rs9611386, and rs882111) in the MCHR1 gene on body composition as well as energy-related lifestyle factors (diet and physical activity). We also examined the effect of gene-lifestyle interactions on body composition. DESIGN A total of 1153 participants (248 men and 905 women) from the cross-sectional Complex Diseases in the Newfoundland Population: Environment and Genetics (CODING) study were genotyped by using probe-based chemistry validated assays. Diet and physical activity were estimated by using validated frequency questionnaires, and body composition was assessed by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS Three polymorphisms (rs9611386, rs882111, and rs133073) were associated with differences in body-composition measurements (all P < 0.05). There was an interaction between rs9611386 and carbohydrate intake on total mass and waist circumference (both P ≤ 0.01). There was also an interaction between rs9611386 and body mass index categories (normal weight, overweight, and obese) on energy intakes (P = 0.02). A similar interaction was shown with rs882111 (P = 0.02). Interactions were also observed between each of these polymorphisms (rs9611386, rs882111, and rs133073) and physical activity score on body-composition measurements (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that polymorphisms in the MCHR1 gene are associated with differences in body composition and interact with physiologic and energy-related lifestyle factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson
- Nutrition Sciences Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada (BF-B), and the Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St John's, Canada (JT, AG, HZ, and GS)
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18
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Dubois L, Diasparra M, Bédard B, Kaprio J, Fontaine-Bisson B, Tremblay R, Boivin M, Pérusse D. Genetic and environmental influences on eating behaviors in 2.5- and 9-year-old children: a longitudinal twin study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2013; 10:134. [PMID: 24313977 PMCID: PMC4029536 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-10-134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating behaviors during childhood are related both to children's diet quality and to their weight status. A better understanding of the determinants of eating behavior during childhood is essential for carrying out effective dietary interventions. METHODS We assessed the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to variations in selected eating behaviors in early and late childhood. Information on eating behaviors came from questionnaires administered to parents of children participating in the Quebec Newborn Twin Study when the twins were 2.5 and 9 years old (n = 692 children). Dichotomous variables were derived and analyzed using structural equation modeling, as part of a classic twin study design. We performed univariate and bivariate longitudinal analyses to quantify sources of variation and covariation across ages, for several eating behavior traits. RESULTS We found moderate to strong heritability for traits related to appetite such as eating too much, not eating enough and eating too fast. Univariate analysis estimates varied from 0.71 (95% CI: 0.49, 0.87) to 0.89 (0.75, 0.96) in younger children and from 0.44 (0.18, 0.66) to 0.56 (0.28, 0.78) in older children. Bivariate longitudinal analyses indicated modest to moderate genetic correlations across ages (r(A) varying from 0.34 to 0.58). Common genetic influences explained 17% to 43% of the phenotypic correlation between 2.5 and 9 years for these appetite-related behaviors. In 9-year-old children, food acceptance traits, such as refusing to eat and being fussy about food, had high heritability estimates, 0.84 (0.63, 0.94) and 0.85 (0.59, 0.96) respectively, while in younger children, the shared environment (i.e., common to both twins) contributed most to phenotypic variance. Variances in meal-pattern-related behaviors were mostly explained by shared environmental influences. CONCLUSIONS Genetic predispositions explain a large part of the variations in traits related to appetite during childhood, though our results suggest that as children get older, appetite-related behaviors become more sensitive to environmental influences outside the home. Still, for several traits environmental influences shared by twins appear to have the largest relative importance. This finding supports the notion that familial context has considerable potential to influence the development of healthy eating habits throughout childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Dubois
- Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, 1 Stewart St., Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Maikol Diasparra
- Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, 1 Stewart St., Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Brigitte Bédard
- Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, 1 Stewart St., Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Hjelt Institute, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 41, Mannerheimintie 172, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, P.O. Box 30, Mannerheimintie 166, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, Tukholmankatu 8, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Richard Tremblay
- Research Unit on Children’s Psychosocial Maladjustment (GRIP), Université de Montréal, 3050 Édouard-Montpetit St., Montréal, QC, Canada
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy & Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michel Boivin
- École de psychologie, Université Laval, 2325 rue des Bibliothèques, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Pérusse
- Département d’anthropologie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Ahmed T, Fellus I, Fontaine-Bisson B, Bainbridge S. Effects of Folic Acid Supplementation on Placental Health and Function. Placenta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2013.06.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Dubois L, Diasparra M, Bédard B, Kaprio J, Fontaine-Bisson B, Pérusse D, Tremblay R, Boivin M. Gene–environment contributions to energy and macronutrient intakes in 9-year-old children: Results from the Quebec Newborn Twin Study. Physiol Behav 2013; 119:30-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Blouin K, Robitaille J, Bélanger C, Fontaine-Bisson B, Couture P, Vohl MC, Tchernof A. Effect of a six-week national cholesterol education program step 1 diet on plasma sex hormone-binding globulin levels in overweight premenopausal women. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2012; 5:22-33. [PMID: 18370811 DOI: 10.1089/met.2006.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low circulating sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations have been associated with the presence of several features of the metabolic syndrome in both men and women. Nutritional factors including dietary lipids and fibers in particular have been suggested to modulate plasma SHBG levels. METHODS The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of an oat bran-rich supplement in conjunction with the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Step 1 diet (< 30% of total energy from fat, < 10% of energy from saturated fat, and < 300 mg cholesterol per day) on plasma SHBG levels in 35 overweight premenopausal women. Subjects (age 38.6 +/- 7.4 years) had normal menstrual cycles and were tested in the midluteal phase. Since no effect of the oat bran supplement was observed on plasma SHBG levels, data were analyzed according to the 6-week NCEP Step 1 diet. RESULTS The NCEP Step 1 nutritional intervention caused a significant decrease in energy intake ( -11%, p < 0.05), percent fat intake (-10%, p < 0.005), as well as saturated (-20%, p < 0.005) and monounsaturated (-10%, p < 0.05) fatty acid intake. Body mass index (BMI) decreased slightly but significantly (from 29.2 +/- 4.5 to 28.8 +/- 4.3 kg/m(2), p < 0.005). Plasma SHBG levels increased significantly (from 70.6 +/- 17.7 to 79.9 +/- 15.3 pmol/L, p < 0.0005) following the 6-week NCEP Step 1 diet, whereas plasma insulin levels were not modified significantly. Significant correlations were observed between the change in plasma SHBG levels and baseline BMI (r = 0.36, p < 0.04), as well as baseline (r = -0.42, p < 0.05) and postintervention (r = -0.35, p < 0.05) HDL cholesterol levels. CONCLUSIONS We observed that a 6-week NCEP Step 1 diet significantly increased plasma SHBG levels, despite the finding that fasting insulin was not modified. Further studies are needed to elucidate physiological mechanisms underlying a direct effect of dietary composition on SHBG production by the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Blouin
- Molecular Endocrinology and Oncology Research Center and Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Laval University, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
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Fontaine-Bisson B, Renström F, Rolandsson O, Payne F, Hallmans G, Barroso I, Franks PW. Evaluating the discriminative power of multi-trait genetic risk scores for type 2 diabetes in a northern Swedish population. Diabetologia 2010; 53:2155-62. [PMID: 20571754 PMCID: PMC2931645 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1792-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We determined whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously associated with diabetogenic traits improve the discriminative power of a type 2 diabetes genetic risk score. METHODS Participants (n = 2,751) were genotyped for 73 SNPs previously associated with type 2 diabetes, fasting glucose/insulin concentrations, obesity or lipid levels, from which five genetic risk scores (one for each of the four traits and one combining all SNPs) were computed. Type 2 diabetes patients and non-diabetic controls (n = 1,327/1,424) were identified using medical records in addition to an independent oral glucose tolerance test. RESULTS Model 1, including only SNPs associated with type 2 diabetes, had a discriminative power of 0.591 (p < 1.00 x 10(-20) vs null model) as estimated by the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC AUC). Model 2, including only fasting glucose/insulin SNPs, had a significantly higher discriminative power than the null model (ROC AUC 0.543; p = 9.38 x 10(-6) vs null model), but lower discriminative power than model 1 (p = 5.92 x 10(-5)). Model 3, with only lipid-associated SNPs, had significantly higher discriminative power than the null model (ROC AUC 0.565; p = 1.44 x 10(-9)) and was not statistically different from model 1 (p = 0.083). The ROC AUC of model 4, which included only obesity SNPs, was 0.557 (p = 2.30 x 10(-7) vs null model) and smaller than model 1 (p = 0.025). Finally, the model including all SNPs yielded a significant improvement in discriminative power compared with the null model (p < 1.0 x 10(-20)) and model 1 (p = 1.32 x 10(-5)); its ROC AUC was 0.626. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Adding SNPs previously associated with fasting glucose, insulin, lipids or obesity to a genetic risk score for type 2 diabetes significantly increases the power to discriminate between people with and without clinically manifest type 2 diabetes compared with a model including only conventional type 2 diabetes loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Fontaine-Bisson
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - F. Renström
- Genetic Epidemiology & Clinical Research Group, Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - O. Rolandsson
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Section for Family Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - The MAGIC investigators
- Metabolic Disease Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - F. Payne
- Metabolic Disease Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - G. Hallmans
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Section for Nutritional Research, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - I. Barroso
- Metabolic Disease Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Labs, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - P. W. Franks
- Genetic Epidemiology & Clinical Research Group, Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Cahill L, El-Sohemy A, Fontaine-Bisson B. Reply to F Imamura. Am J Clin Nutr 2010. [DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leah Cahill
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Ahmed El-Sohemy
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada
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Cahill LE, Fontaine-Bisson B, El-Sohemy A. Functional genetic variants of glutathione S-transferase protect against serum ascorbic acid deficiency. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 90:1411-7. [PMID: 19710200 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are detoxifying enzymes that contribute to the glutathione-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) antioxidant cycle. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine whether GST genotypes modify the association between dietary vitamin C and serum ascorbic acid. DESIGN Nonsmoking men and women (n = 905) between 20 and 29 y of age were participants in the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study. Overnight fasting blood samples were collected to determine serum ascorbic acid concentrations by HPLC and to genotype for deletion polymorphisms in GSTM1 and GSTT1 and an Ile105Val substitution in GSTP1. A 196-item food-frequency questionnaire was used to estimate vitamin C intake. RESULTS A gene-diet interaction on serum ascorbic acid was observed for GSTM1 (P = 0.04) and GSTT1 (P = 0.01) but not for GSTP1 (P = 0.83). The odds ratio (95% CI) for serum ascorbic acid deficiency (<11 micromol/L) was 3.20 (1.88, 5.44) for subjects who did not meet the Recommended Dietary Allowance of vitamin C compared with those who did. The corresponding odds ratios (95% CIs) were 2.17 (1.10, 4.28) and 12.28 (4.26, 33.42), respectively, for individuals with the GSTT1*1/*1 +*1/*0 (functional) and GSTT1*0/*0 (null) genotypes and 2.29 (0.96, 5.45) and 4.03 (2.01, 8.09), respectively, for the GSTM1*1/*1+GSTM1*1/*0 and GSTM1*0/*0 genotypes. CONCLUSIONS The recommended intake of vitamin C protects against serum ascorbic acid deficiency, regardless of genotype. Individuals with GST null genotypes had an increased risk of deficiency if they did not meet the Recommended Dietary Allowance for vitamin C, which suggests that the GST enzymes protect against serum ascorbic acid deficiency when dietary vitamin C is insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah E Cahill
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Fontaine-Bisson B, Wolever TM, Connelly PW, Corey PN, El-Sohemy A. NF-κB −94Ins/Del ATTG polymorphism modifies the association between dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and HDL-cholesterol in two distinct populations. Atherosclerosis 2009; 204:465-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2008] [Revised: 08/14/2008] [Accepted: 10/30/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Fontaine-Bisson B, El-Sohemy A. Genetic polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor-alpha modify the association between dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations in a population of young adults. J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics 2008; 1:215-23. [PMID: 19776629 DOI: 10.1159/000149825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2007] [Accepted: 03/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Genetic polymorphisms in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) modify the association between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in a population with type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine whether this gene x diet interaction is observed in a diabetes-free population and whether it is due to n-3 or n-6 PUFA. METHODS Subjects (n = 595) were aged 20-29 years and genotyped for the TNF-alpha -238G>A and TNF-alpha -308G>A polymorphisms. Diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Subjects were grouped as having no minor A allele at both the -238 and -308 positions (0/0), or one minor A allele at either the -238 (1/0) or the -308 (0/1) position. RESULTS TNF-alpha genotypes modified the association between dietary PUFA and HDL-cholesterol concentrations (p = 0.04 for interaction). Among individuals with the 0/0 genotype, total PUFA was positively associated with HDL-cholesterol in both men (p = 0.008) and women (p = 0.03), and for both n-6 (p = 0.004) and n-3 (p = 0.04) PUFA. However, an inverse relationship was observed among men carrying the 1/0 genotype (p = 0.005). CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that TNF-alpha genotypes modify the association between dietary PUFA and HDL-cholesterol and provide further evidence that inflammation is involved in the reverse cholesterol transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada
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Eny KM, Wolever TMS, Fontaine-Bisson B, El-Sohemy A. Genetic variant in the glucose transporter type 2 is associated with higher intakes of sugars in two distinct populations. Physiol Genomics 2008; 33:355-60. [PMID: 18349384 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00148.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose sensing in the brain has been proposed to be involved in regulating food intake, but the mechanism is not known. Glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT2)-null mice fail to control their food intake in response to glucose, suggesting a potential role for this transporter as a glucose sensor in the brain. Here we show that individuals with a genetic variation in GLUT2 (Thr110Ile) have a higher daily intake of sugars in two distinct populations. In the first population, compared with individuals with the Thr/Thr genotype, carriers of the Ile allele had a significantly higher intake of sugars as assessed from 3-day food records administered on two separate visits (visit 1: 112 +/- 9 vs. 86 +/- 4 g/day, P = 0.01; visit 2: 111 +/- 8 vs. 82 +/- 4 g/day, P = 0.003), demonstrating within-population reproducibility. In a second population, carriers of the Ile allele also reported consuming a significantly greater intake of sugars (131 +/- 5 vs. 115 +/- 3 g/day, P = 0.007) over a 1-mo period as measured from a food frequency questionnaire. GLUT2 genotypes were not associated with fat, protein, or alcohol intake in either population. These observations were consistent across older and younger adults as well as among subjects with early Type 2 diabetes and healthy individuals. Taken together, our findings show that a genetic variation in GLUT2 is associated with habitual consumption of sugars, suggesting an underlying glucose-sensing mechanism that regulates food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Eny
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Chui MH, Papanikolaou Y, Fontaine-Bisson B, Turcotte J, Wolever TMS, El-Sohemy A, Chiasson JL, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Maheux P, Ryan E, Greenwood CE. The TNF-alpha-238G > a single-nucleotide polymorphism protects against memory decline in older adults with type 2 diabetes. Behav Neurosci 2007; 121:619-24. [PMID: 17592954 DOI: 10.1037/0735-7044.121.3.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory markers predict memory dysfunction in elderly patients, but their contribution to memory deficits in adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is less well understood. The present study determined whether specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter region of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) predict verbal memory in older patients with T2DM. Immediate and delayed verbal memory were assessed using word list and paragraph recall tests in a cohort of subjects with T2DM during 2 sessions, separated by 48 weeks. The presence of the TNF-alpha-238A allele, which has been shown to decrease gene expression, consistently predicted better baseline performance and protected against memory decline over a period of 48 weeks. Therefore, inflammatory mediators may be important modulators of memory function in individuals with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Chui
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Fontaine-Bisson B, Wolever TMS, Chiasson JL, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Maheux P, Josse RG, Leiter LA, Rodger NW, Ryan EA, Connelly PW, Corey PN, El-Sohemy A. Genetic polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor-alpha modify the association between dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and fasting HDL-cholesterol and apo A-I concentrations. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 86:768-74. [PMID: 17823444 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/86.3.768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterogeneity in circulating lipid concentrations in response to dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may be due, in part, to genetic variations. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a proinflammatory cytokine that can induce hyperlipidemia and is known to be modulated by dietary PUFAs. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine whether TNF-alpha genotypes modify the association between dietary PUFA intake and serum lipid concentrations. DESIGN The study involved 53 men and 56 women aged 42-75 y with type 2 diabetes. Dietary intakes were assessed with the use of a 3-d food record, and blood samples were collected to determine fasting serum lipids. DNA was isolated from blood for genotyping by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism for the TNF-alpha -238G-->A and -308G-->A polymorphisms. RESULTS PUFA intake was positively associated with serum HDL cholesterol in carriers of the -238A allele (beta = 0.06 +/- 0.03 mmol/L per 1% of energy from PUFAs; P = 0.03), but negatively associated in those with the -238GG genotype (beta = -0.03 +/- 0.01, P = 0.03) (P = 0.004 for interaction). PUFA intake was inversely associated with HDL cholesterol in carriers of the -308A allele (beta = -0.07 +/- 0.02, P = 0.002), but not in those with the -308GG genotype (beta = 0.02 +/- 0.02, P = 0.13) (P = 0.001 for interaction). A stronger gene x diet interaction was observed when the polymorphisms at the 2 positions (-238/-308) were combined (P = 0.0003). Similar effects were observed for apolipoprotein A-I, but not with other dietary fatty acids and serum lipids. CONCLUSION TNF-alpha genotypes modify the relation between dietary PUFA intake and HDL-cholesterol concentrations. These findings suggest that genetic variations affecting inflammation may explain some of the inconsistencies between previous studies relating PUFA intake and circulating HDL.
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Fontaine-Bisson B, Wolever TMS, Chiasson JL, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Maheux P, Josse RG, Leiter LA, Rodger NW, Ryan EA, El-Sohemy A. Tumor necrosis factor alpha -238G>A genotype alters postprandial plasma levels of free fatty acids in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 2007; 56:649-55. [PMID: 17445540 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2006.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2006] [Accepted: 12/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is a proinflammatory cytokine that impairs insulin action and alters lipid metabolism. We investigated the effects of genetic polymorphisms of TNF-alpha on circulating biomarkers of insulin resistance and lipid metabolism during an 8-hour metabolic profile test and a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects (N = 123) recruited were type 2 diabetic men (n = 56) and women (n = 67) aged 36 to 75 years with a body mass index of at least 25 kg/m(2). Blood samples were collected to determine postprandial changes in circulating lipid levels and biomarkers of insulin resistance. Subjects were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism for the TNF-alpha -238G>A, -308G>A, and -863C>A polymorphisms. Compared with subjects who were homozygous for the -238G allele, carriers of the -238A allele had an altered ability to suppress postprandial free fatty acids as shown by an increased net incremental area under the curve (0.26 +/- 2.44 vs -1.33 +/- 2.71 mEq h(-1) L(-1), P = .002) during the 8-hour metabolic profile test. This effect was observed in obese (1.04 +/- 2.42 vs -1.68 +/- 2.70 mEq h(-1) L(-1), P = .0004) but not in non-obese (-0.63 +/- 2.20 vs -0.95 +/- 2.71 mEq h(-1) L(-1), P = .6) individuals. Among obese subjects, carriers of the -308A allele had greater insulin resistance as estimated by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (4.36 +/- 2.83 vs 2.85 +/- 1.75, P = .01), but no differences were observed among non-obese subjects (2.19 +/- 1.24 vs 1.97 +/- 0.90, P = .6). Our findings suggest that the -238G>A and -308G>A polymorphisms of TNF-alpha alter circulating free fatty acids and insulin resistance in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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El-Sohemy A, Stewart L, Khataan LN, Fontaine-Bisson B, Kwong P, Ozsungur S, Cornelis MC. Nutrigenomics of Taste – Impact on Food Preferences and Food Production. Nutrigenomics - Opportunities in Asia 2007; 60:176-182. [PMID: 17684414 DOI: 10.1159/000107194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Food preferences are influenced by a number of factors such as personal experiences, cultural adaptations and perceived health benefits. Taste, however, is the most important determinant of how much a food is liked or disliked. Based on the response to bitter-tasting compounds such as phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) or 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP), individuals can be classified as supertasters, tasters or nontasters. Sensitivity to bitter-tasting compounds is a genetic trait that has been recognized for more than 70 years. Genetic differences in bitter taste perception may account for individual differences in food preferences. Other factors such as age, sex and ethnicity may also modify the response to bitter-tasting compounds. There are several members of the TAS2R receptor gene family that encode taste receptors on the tongue, and genetic polymorphisms of TAS2R38 have been associated with marked differences in the perception of PTC and PROP. However, the association between TAS2R38 genotypes and aversion to bitter-tasting foods is not clear. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in other taste receptor genes have recently been identified, but their role in bitter taste perception is not known. Establishing a genetic basis for food likes/dislikes may explain, in part, some of the inconsistencies among epidemiologic studies relating diet to risk of chronic diseases. Identifying populations with preferences for particular flavors or foods may lead to the development of novel food products targeted to specific genotypes or ethnic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El-Sohemy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Uni versity of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada
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Archer WR, Desroches S, Lamarche B, Dériaz O, Landry N, Fontaine-Bisson B, Bergeron J, Couture P, Bergeron N. Variations in plasma apolipoprotein C-III levels are strong correlates of the triglyceride response to a high-monounsaturated fatty acid diet and a high-carbohydrate diet. Metabolism 2005; 54:1390-7. [PMID: 16154441 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2005.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2004] [Accepted: 05/11/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine how a diet rich in carbohydrates (high-CHO) vs a diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (high MUFA) consumed ad libitum modulated plasma apolipoprotein C-III (apo C-III) levels and to examine the extent to which diet-induced changes in plasma apo C-III were associated with concurrent variations in plasma triglyceride (TG) levels. Forty-seven men (mean age, 35.7 +/- 11.4 years; body mass index, 29.0 +/- 5.1 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to either a high-CHO diet (CHO, 58%; fat, 26%; n = 23) or a high-MUFA diet (CHO, 45%; fat, 40%; MUFA, 22.5%; n = 24), which they consumed for 6 to 7 weeks. Fasting and postprandial lipemia after an oral fat load and fasting plasma apo C-III were measured at the beginning and at the end of the dietary intervention. Ad libitum consumption of the high-CHO diet induced a significant reduction in body weight (-2.6%, P < .0001), but had no impact on plasma apo C-III concentrations and on fasting and postprandial plasma TG levels. In contrast, ad libitum consumption of the high-MUFA diet also resulted in a significant reduction in body weight (-2.3%, P < .01) as well as in significant reductions in plasma apo C-III (-11%, P = .05) and fasting plasma TG (-17%, P < .01). Diet-induced variations in plasma apo C-III concentrations were correlated with changes in fasting and postprandial TG levels both in the high-CHO (r > 0.70, P < .001) and the high-MUFA groups (r > 0.42, P < .05). These results indicate that variations in plasma apo C-III levels are strong correlates of the fasting and postprandial plasma TG responses to high-MUFA and high-CHO diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Roodly Archer
- Institute on Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Laval University, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada G1K 7P4
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Robitaille J, Fontaine-Bisson B, Couture P, Tchernof A, Vohl MC. Effect of an Oat Bran-Rich Supplement on the Metabolic Profile of Overweight Premenopausal Women. Ann Nutr Metab 2005; 49:141-8. [PMID: 15942159 DOI: 10.1159/000086149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2004] [Accepted: 01/24/2005] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS A healthy diet is a key factor in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death for women in industrialized countries. In this regard, soluble fibers may have beneficial effects on the plasma lipoprotein/lipid profile. The objective of the present study was to investigate the plasma lipoprotein/lipid response to dietary fibers in overweight premenopausal women within a randomized controlled trial. METHODS Following a 2-week run-in phase, 34 premenopausal women (age: 22-53 years) were randomly assigned either to the control group (no supplement) or to the treatment group, which received 2 oat bran-enriched muffins per day (28 g/day of oat bran) during 4 weeks. RESULTS Supplementation with oat bran had a beneficial effect on plasma HDL-C levels. Indeed, compared to the control group (n = 16), a mean increase in plasma HDL-C levels of 11.2% was observed in women eating the oat bran supplement (n = 18) (p = 0.01), whereas the total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio decreased by 7.0% (p = 0.002). Results were similar after adjustment for age, apo E genotype and weight change. CONCLUSION These results suggest that oat bran-rich foods have beneficial effect on the metabolic profile of overweight women. Integration of these foods as part of a healthy diet may, therefore, improve the cardiovascular risk profile of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Robitaille
- Lipid Research Center, CHUQ-CHUL Pavilion, Ste-Foy, Quebec, Canada
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Paradis AM, Fontaine-Bisson B, Bossé Y, Robitaille J, Lemieux S, Jacques H, Lamarche B, Tchernof A, Couture P, Vohl MC. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha Leu162Val polymorphism influences the metabolic response to a dietary intervention altering fatty acid proportions in healthy men. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 81:523-30. [PMID: 15699244 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn.81.2.523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum lipid responses to dietary modification are partly determined by genetic factors. OBJECTIVE We tested whether plasma lipoprotein and lipid responsiveness to a modification in the dietary ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids (P:S) is influenced by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) Leu162Val polymorphism in healthy men. DESIGN Ten carriers of the V162 allele and 10 L162 homozygotes were matched according to age and body mass index (BMI). During the protocol, all subjects followed the National Cholesterol Education Program Step I diet, but intake of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids was adjusted to obtain a P:S of 0.3 for the first 4-wk period (low-P:S diet) and a P:S of 1.0 for the next 4-wk period (high-P:S diet). RESULTS At screening, the PPARalpha Leu162Val polymorphism was not associated with anthropometric indexes or plasma lipoprotein and lipid concentrations. After the high-P:S diet, a significant gene-by-diet interaction was observed for changes in plasma total cholesterol, apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, and cholesterol concentrations in small LDL particles (P <or= 0.05). Mean differences after the high-P:S diet were observed between genotype groups for plasma apo A-I concentrations (P<0.05). Changes in BMI, waist circumference, and concentrations of triacylglycerol, phospholipid, and apo B did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSION The PPARalpha Leu162Val polymorphism may contribute to interindividual variability in plasma lipoprotein and lipid response after modification of the dietary P:S ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Marie Paradis
- Lipid Research Center and the Molecular Endocrinology and Oncology Laboratory Research Center, CHUQ-CHUL Pavilion, Sainte-Foy, Canada
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