1
|
Cresti L, Conte G, Cappello G, Brunetti J, Falciani C, Bracci L, Quaglia F, Ungaro F, d’Angelo I, Pini A. Inhalable Polymeric Nanoparticles for Pulmonary Delivery of Antimicrobial Peptide SET-M33: Antibacterial Activity and Toxicity In Vitro and In Vivo. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010003. [PMID: 36678633 PMCID: PMC9863998 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of inhalable formulations for delivering peptides to the conductive airways and shielding their interactions with airway barriers, thus enhancing peptide/bacteria interactions, is an important part of peptide-based drug development for lung applications. Here, we report the construction of a biocompatible nanosystem where the antimicrobial peptide SET-M33 is encapsulated within polymeric nanoparticles of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) conjugated with polyethylene glycol (PEG). This system was conceived for better delivery of the peptide to the lungs by aerosol. The encapsulated peptide showed prolonged antibacterial activity, due to its controlled release, and much lower toxicity than the free molecule. The peptide-based nanosystem killed Pseudomonas aeruginosa in planktonic and sessile forms in a dose-dependent manner, remaining active up to 72 h after application. The encapsulated peptide showed no cytotoxicity when incubated with human bronchial epithelial cells from healthy individuals and from cystic fibrosis patients, unlike the free peptide, which showed an EC50 of about 22 µM. In vivo acute toxicity studies in experimental animals showed that the peptide nanosystem did not cause any appreciable side effects, and confirmed its ability to mitigate the toxic and lethal effects of free SET-M33.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cresti
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Santa Maria alle Scotte University Hospital, 53100 Siena, Italy
- SetLance srl, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Gemma Conte
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cappello
- SetLance srl, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Jlenia Brunetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Chiara Falciani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Luisa Bracci
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Santa Maria alle Scotte University Hospital, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Fabiana Quaglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesca Ungaro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ivana d’Angelo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Correspondence: (I.d.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandro Pini
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Santa Maria alle Scotte University Hospital, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Correspondence: (I.d.); (A.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
d’Angelo I, Provenzano R, Florio E, Lombardi A, Trama U, Ungaro F, Quaglia F, Miro A. Transmucosal delivery of the medical Cannabis oil via a nanoemulsion formulation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
3
|
Cappiello F, Casciaro B, Loffredo MR, Puglisi E, Lin Q, Yang D, Conte G, d’Angelo I, Ungaro F, Ferrera L, Barbieri R, Cresti L, Pini A, Di YP, Mangoni ML. Pulmonary Safety Profile of Esc Peptides and Esc-Peptide-Loaded Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) Nanoparticles: A Promising Therapeutic Approach for Local Treatment of Lung Infectious Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2297. [PMID: 36365116 PMCID: PMC9697339 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, we have discovered Esc(1-21) and its diastereomer (Esc peptides) as valuable candidates for the treatment of Pseudomonas lung infection, especially in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Furthermore, engineered poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) were revealed to be a promising pulmonary delivery system of antimicrobial peptides. However, the "ad hoc" development of novel therapeutics requires consideration of their stability, tolerability, and safety. Hence, by means of electrophysiology experiments and preclinical studies on healthy mice, we demonstrated that neither Esc peptides or Esc-peptide-loaded PLGA NPs significantly affect the integrity of the lung epithelium, nor change the global gene expression profile of lungs of treated animals compared to those of vehicle-treated animals. Noteworthy, the Esc diastereomer endowed with the highest antimicrobial activity did not provoke any pulmonary pro-inflammatory response, even at a concentration 15-fold higher than the efficacy dosage 24 h after administration in the free or encapsulated form. The therapeutic index was ≥70, and the peptide was found to remain available in the bronchoalveolar lavage of mice, after two days of incubation. Overall, these studies should open an avenue for a new up-and-coming pharmacological approach, likely based on inhalable peptide-loaded NPs, to address CF lung disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Floriana Cappiello
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Casciaro
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Loffredo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Puglisi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Qiao Lin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Dandan Yang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Gemma Conte
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ivana d’Angelo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Francesca Ungaro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Loretta Ferrera
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Raffaella Barbieri
- Biophysic Institute, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), 16149 Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Cresti
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Yuanpu Peter Di
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Maria Luisa Mangoni
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Conte G, Costabile G, Baldassi D, Rondelli V, Bassi R, Colombo D, Linardos G, Fiscarelli EV, Sorrentino R, Miro A, Quaglia F, Brocca P, d’Angelo I, Merkel OM, Ungaro F. Hybrid Lipid/Polymer Nanoparticles to Tackle the Cystic Fibrosis Mucus Barrier in siRNA Delivery to the Lungs: Does PEGylation Make the Difference? ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:7565-7578. [PMID: 35107987 PMCID: PMC8855343 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Inhaled siRNA therapy has a unique potential for treatment of severe lung diseases, such as cystic fibrosis (CF). Nevertheless, a drug delivery system tackling lung barriers is mandatory to enhance gene silencing efficacy in the airway epithelium. We recently demonstrated that lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (hNPs), comprising a poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) core and a lipid shell of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), may assist the transport of the nucleic acid cargo through mucus-covered human airway epithelium. To study in depth the potential of hNPs for siRNA delivery to the lungs and to investigate the hypothesized benefit of PEGylation, here, an siRNA pool against the nuclear factor-κB (siNFκB) was encapsulated inside hNPs, endowed with a non-PEGylated (DPPC) or a PEGylated (1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-poly(ethylene glycol) or DSPE-PEG) lipid shell. Resulting hNPs were tested for their stability profiles and transport properties in artificial CF mucus, mucus collected from CF cells, and sputum samples from a heterogeneous and representative set of CF patients. Initial information on hNP properties governing their interaction with airway mucus was acquired by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies in artificial and cellular CF mucus. The diffusion profiles of hNPs through CF sputa suggested a crucial role of lung colonization of the corresponding donor patient, affecting the mucin type and content of the sample. Noteworthy, PEGylation did not boost mucus penetration in complex and sticky samples, such as CF sputa from patients with polymicrobial colonization. In parallel, in vitro cell uptake studies performed on mucus-lined Calu-3 cells grown at the air-liquid interface (ALI) confirmed the improved ability of non-PEGylated hNPs to overcome mucus and cellular lung barriers. Furthermore, effective in vitro NFκB gene silencing was achieved in LPS-stimulated 16HBE14o- cells. Overall, the results highlight the potential of non-PEGylated hNPs as carriers for pulmonary delivery of siRNA for local treatment of CF lung disease. Furthermore, this study provides a detailed understanding of how distinct models may provide different information on nanoparticle interaction with the mucus barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Conte
- Di.S.T.A.Bi.F., University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - Gabriella Costabile
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico
II, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Domizia Baldassi
- Department
of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Valeria Rondelli
- Department
of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate (MI) 20090, Italy
| | - Rosaria Bassi
- Department
of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate (MI) 20090, Italy
| | - Diego Colombo
- Department
of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate (MI) 20090, Italy
| | | | | | - Raffaella Sorrentino
- Department
of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Agnese Miro
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico
II, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Fabiana Quaglia
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico
II, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Paola Brocca
- Department
of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate (MI) 20090, Italy
| | - Ivana d’Angelo
- Di.S.T.A.Bi.F., University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - Olivia M. Merkel
- Department
of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Francesca Ungaro
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico
II, Napoli 80131, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Casciaro B, d’Angelo I, Zhang X, Loffredo MR, Conte G, Cappiello F, Quaglia F, Di YPP, Ungaro F, Mangoni ML. Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) Nanoparticles for Prolonged Therapeutic Efficacy of Esculentin-1a-Derived Antimicrobial Peptides against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection: in Vitro and in Vivo Studies. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:1876-1888. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Casciaro
- Laboratory affiliated to Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, via degli Apuli, 9, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ivana d’Angelo
- Di.S.T.A.Bi.F., University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Maria Rosa Loffredo
- Laboratory affiliated to Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, via degli Apuli, 9, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Gemma Conte
- Di.S.T.A.Bi.F., University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Floriana Cappiello
- Laboratory affiliated to Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, via degli Apuli, 9, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiana Quaglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Yuan-Pu Peter Di
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Francesca Ungaro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Mangoni
- Laboratory affiliated to Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, via degli Apuli, 9, 00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
d’Angelo I, Casciaro B, Miro A, Quaglia F, Mangoni ML, Ungaro F. Overcoming barriers in Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections: Engineered nanoparticles for local delivery of a cationic antimicrobial peptide. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 135:717-725. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
7
|
d’Angelo I, Conte C, Miro A, Quaglia F, Ungaro F. Pulmonary Drug Delivery: A Role for Polymeric Nanoparticles? Curr Top Med Chem 2015; 15:386-400. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026615666150108123256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
8
|
Conte C, d’Angelo I, Miro A, Ungaro F, Quaglia F. PEGylated Polyester-Based Nanoncologicals. Curr Top Med Chem 2014; 14:1097-114. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026614666140329224243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
9
|
Parajó Y, d’Angelo I, Horváth A, Vantus T, György K, Welle A, Garcia-Fuentes M, Alonso MJ. PLGA:poloxamer blend micro- and nanoparticles as controlled release systems for synthetic proangiogenic factors. Eur J Pharm Sci 2010; 41:644-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2010.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
10
|
d’Angelo I, Garcia-Fuentes M, Parajó Y, Welle A, Vántus T, Horváth A, Bökönyi G, Kéri G, Alonso MJ. Nanoparticles Based on PLGA:Poloxamer Blends for the Delivery of Proangiogenic Growth Factors. Mol Pharm 2010; 7:1724-33. [DOI: 10.1021/mp1001262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana d’Angelo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marcos Garcia-Fuentes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yolanda Parajó
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alexander Welle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Vántus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anikó Horváth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Györgyi Bökönyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Kéri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Maria José Alonso
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
d’Angelo I, Parajó Y, Horváth A, Kéri G, La Rotonda MI, Alonso MJ. Improved delivery of angiogenesis inhibitors from PLGA:poloxamer blend micro- and nanoparticles. J Microencapsul 2010; 27:57-66. [DOI: 10.3109/02652040902954729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
12
|
d’Angelo I, Parajó Y, Horváth A, Kéri G, La Rotonda MI, Alonso MJ. Improved delivery of angiogenesis inhibitors from PLGA:poloxamer blend micro- and nanoparticles. J Microencapsul 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/02652040902954729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|